Self-detaching anti-theft device

Abstract

The present invention discloses a system and method for operating a security tag. In one aspect, the method includes: using a receiving circuit of the security tag to receive a first wireless signal transmitted from a transmitting circuit; when the first wireless signal is received, a voltage is induced in the receiving circuit of the security tag; when the voltage is induced in the receiving circuit, an operation is performed by a controller to selectively close a switch; and when the switch is closed, the mechanical component is released by allowing energy to flow from the receiving circuit to the mechanical component of the security tag. In another aspect, the method also includes an operation performed by the controller to prevent damage to the mechanical component due to the security tag being a certain distance from an external device.

Description

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application claims priority to U.S. Patent Application No. 16 / 784,711, filed on February 7, 2020, which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62 / 902,662, filed on September 19, 2019; and U.S. Patent Application No. 16 / 784,666, filed on February 7, 2020, which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62 / 902,676, filed on September 19, 2019. The contents of the above-mentioned U.S. Provisional Patent Application and U.S. Patent Application are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. Technical Field

[0003] This document relates generally to anti-theft devices. More specifically, this document relates to security tags and methods for providing self-detaching anti-theft devices. Background Art

[0004] A typical electronic article surveillance ("EAS") system in a retail environment may include a monitoring system and at least one security tag or label attached to an item to be protected from unauthorized removal. The monitoring system establishes a surveillance zone in which the presence of the security tag and / or label can be detected. The surveillance zone is typically established at an access point to a controlled zone (e.g., adjacent to a retail store entrance and / or exit). If an item with a valid security tag and / or label enters the surveillance zone, an alarm may be triggered to indicate its possible unauthorized removal from the controlled zone. In contrast, if the item is authorized for removal from the controlled zone, its security tag and / or label may be removed therefrom. Thus, an item may be carried through the surveillance zone without being detected by the monitoring system and / or without triggering an alarm.

[0005] Radio frequency identification ("RFID") systems may also be used in retail environments for inventory management and related security applications. In an RFID system, a reader transmits a radio frequency ("RF") carrier signal to an RFID device. The RFID device responds to the carrier signal with a data signal encoded with information stored by the RFID device. In retail applications, passive RFID tags are increasingly used in combination with EAS tags.

[0006] As is known in the art, security tags for security and / or inventory systems can be constructed in any number of configurations. The desired configuration of the security tag is generally determined by the nature of the item to be protected. For example, an EAS and / or RFID tag can be enclosed in a rigid tag housing that can be secured to the object being monitored (e.g., a piece of clothing in a retail store). The rigid housing typically includes removable pins that are inserted through the fabric and secured in place on opposite sides by a mechanism disposed within the rigid housing. Unless a dedicated removal device is used, the housing cannot be removed from the garment without destroying the housing.

[0007] A typical retail transaction occurs at a fixed point of sale ("POS") station managed by a store sales associate. The store sales associate assists the customer with the checkout process by receiving payment for the merchandise. If the item is associated with an EAS / RFID element, the store sales associate uses a dedicated removal device to remove the security tag from the purchased item.

[0008] Alternatively, a mobile POS unit may be used to perform retail transactions. Options for detaching security tags using a mobile POS unit include: using a mobile detacher unit in addition to the mobile POS unit; using a fixed detacher unit located within the retail store, which reduces the mobility of the mobile POS unit; or using a fixed detacher unit located at the exit of the retail store, which places an additional burden of post-POS tasks on the customer. None of these options meet the requirements for large-scale mobile POS adaptation in the retail industry. Summary of the invention

[0009] This document relates to systems and methods for operating a security tag. In one aspect, the method includes: receiving a first wireless signal transmitted from a transmitting circuit using a receiving circuit of the security tag; inducing a voltage in the receiving circuit of the security tag when the first wireless signal is received; performing an operation by a controller of the security tag to selectively close a switch when the voltage is induced in the receiving circuit; and releasing a mechanical component by allowing energy to flow from the receiving circuit to a mechanical component of the security tag when the switch is closed.

[0010] In some scenarios, the release of the mechanical component is achieved by transitioning the pin from an engaged position to a disengaged position without any manual assistance or mechanical assistance of a device external to the security tag. When the pin is in the engaged position, one end of the pin is located within a hole formed in the first portion of the housing, the hole being separated from the second portion of the housing by a gap. When the pin is in the disengaged position, the pin is fully retracted into the second portion of the housing.

[0011] In these or other scenarios, a voltage is induced in the receiving circuit via resonant inductive coupling between the inductors of the transmitting circuit and the receiving circuit. When the switch is closed, the inductor in the receiving circuit resonates with the capacitor. The capacitor can be tuned to the same frequency as the transmitting circuit is tuned to. The mechanical components of the security tag can be directly connected between the switch and the capacitor of the receiving circuit.

[0012] In those or other scenarios, the method further includes: executing, by the controller, an operation to close the switch; harvesting energy by the security tag when the switch is open; and / or terminating energy harvesting by the security tag when the switch is closed or when another event occurs (e.g., expiration of a given time period or termination of wireless signal transmission by an external transmission device). In some scenarios, energy harvesting continues even after the switch is closed.

[0013] In another aspect, the method includes: receiving a first wireless signal transmitted from an external transmission circuit using a receiving circuit of a security tag; inducing a voltage in the receiving circuit of the security tag when the first wireless signal is received; performing an operation by a controller of the security tag to selectively close a switch when the voltage is induced in the receiving circuit; causing release of a mechanical component of the security tag by allowing energy to flow from the receiving circuit to the mechanical component of the security tag when the switch is closed; and performing an operation by the controller to prevent damage to the mechanical component due to the security tag being a certain distance away from the external transmission circuit.

[0014] Damage to the mechanical component can be prevented by: monitoring the energy dissipation level of the mechanical component; determining when the cumulative amount of energy dissipated by the mechanical component exceeds a threshold; and interrupting the flow of energy from the receiving circuit to the mechanical component when the cumulative amount of energy dissipated by the mechanical component exceeds the threshold. The flow of energy is interrupted by opening a switch. The threshold represents a safe upper limit for the operation of the mechanical component.

[0015] In some scenarios, the method further includes: selectively opening the switch upon expiration of a predetermined time period from the time the switch was closed; and / or selectively opening the switch when the controller detects movement of the mechanical component. Release of the mechanical component can be achieved by transitioning the pin from the engaged position to the unengaged position without any manual assistance or mechanical assistance of a device external to the security tag.

[0016] In these or other scenarios, a voltage is induced in the receiving circuit via resonant inductive coupling between the inductor of the external transmission circuit and the receiving circuit. When the switch is closed, the inductor in the receiving circuit resonates with the capacitor. The capacitor is tuned to the same frequency as the frequency to which the external transmission circuit is tuned.

[0017] In these or other scenarios, the mechanical component of the security tag is directly connected between the switch and the capacitor of the receiving circuit. Additionally or alternatively, the method further includes: harvesting energy by the security tag when the switch is open; and / or terminating energy harvesting by the security tag when the switch is closed or when another event occurs (e.g., expiration of a given time period or termination of wireless signal transmission by an external transmission device). In some scenarios, energy harvesting continues even after the switch is closed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The present solution will be described with reference to the following drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to like items throughout.

[0019] Figure 1 is a diagram of an illustrative system.

[0020] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A block diagram of an illustrative architecture for a security tag is shown.

[0021] Figure 3 is a front perspective view of an explanatory safety label.

[0022] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A rear perspective view of the security tag shown in FIG.

[0023] Figure 5 yes Figure 3 to Figure 4 A top view of the security label shown in FIG.

[0024] Figure 6 yes Figures 3 to 5 is a right side view of the safety label shown in .

[0025] Figure 7 yes Figures 3 to 6 Left side view of the safety label shown in .

[0026] Figure 8 yes Figures 3 to 7 A bottom view of the safety label shown in FIG.

[0027] Figures 9 to 11 Provides information that helps you understand the Figures 3 to 8 A diagrammatic representation of the operation of the various mechanical components within the safety label depicted.

[0028] Fig.12 is a diagram that helps to understand how the pawl of the security tag is released.

[0029] Fig.13 is a top view of the pawl and pinion.

[0030] Fig.14 is a perspective view of another illustrative safety label.

[0031] Fig.15 is a flow chart of an illustrative method for operating a security tag.

[0032] Fig.16 is a flow chart of an illustrative method for operating a security tag.

[0033] Fig.17 An illustration of another illustrative architecture for security tags is provided.

[0034] Fig.18 Provides Fig.17 Illustration of an illustrative pad used in conjunction with a security tag to selectively release a pin therefrom.

[0035] Fig.19 supply Fig.18 Illustration of an illustrative transmission circuit inside a pad of . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] It is readily understood that the components of the embodiments as generally described herein and shown in the accompanying drawings may be arranged and designed in a variety of different configurations. Therefore, the following more detailed description of various embodiments, as shown in the accompanying drawings, is not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure, but is merely representative of various embodiments. Although various aspects of the embodiments are presented in the accompanying drawings, the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale unless otherwise noted.

[0037] The present invention may be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. The described embodiments should be considered in all respects to be illustrative only and not restrictive. Therefore, the scope of the present invention is indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description. All changes falling within the equivalent meaning and scope of the claims should be included within their scope.

[0038] References to features, advantages, or similar language throughout the specification do not imply that all features and advantages that may be realized by the present invention should be included in any single embodiment of the present invention. Rather, language referring to features and advantages is understood to mean that a particular feature, advantage, or characteristic described in conjunction with an embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. Therefore, throughout the specification, discussions of features and advantages and similar language may, but do not necessarily, refer to the same embodiment.

[0039] In addition, the described features, advantages and characteristics of the present invention may be combined in one or more embodiments in any suitable manner. In view of the description herein, those skilled in the relevant art will recognize that the present invention may be practiced without one or more specific features or advantages of a particular embodiment. In other cases, additional features and advantages that may not be present in all embodiments of the present invention may be recognized in certain embodiments.

[0040] Reference throughout this specification to "one embodiment," "an embodiment," or similar language means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the illustrated embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. Thus, throughout this specification, the phrases "in one embodiment," "in an embodiment," and similar language may, but do not necessarily, all refer to the same embodiment.

[0041] As used in this document, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" include plural references unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. As used herein, the term "comprising" means "including, but not limited to".

[0042] The present disclosure broadly relates to anti-theft devices featuring acousto-magnetic ("AM") and / or RFID technology, advanced security tags equipped with visual and audible alarms, and audible / visual alarms incorporated into AM / RFID bases at store entrances / exits. In current commonly used retail practices, anti-theft devices (which are equipped with RFID elements, AM elements, or both types of elements incorporated into hard tags) require customers to bring their merchandise to the POS, at which time the cashier (a) completes the transaction and (b) deactivates and / or removes the anti-theft device from the sold merchandise. Customers may have to wait in line for a long time before the next cashier. This solution can lead to customer dissatisfaction, resulting in loss of return business. In addition, cashiers sometimes forget to remove / deactivate the anti-theft device. This mistake results in false alarms at store exits, customer embarrassment, and / or wasted time.

[0043] Therefore, the present disclosure relates more particularly to a self-detaching solution for security tags. The self-detaching solution allows a customer to select a desired item (e.g., an item of clothing), scan the desired item using an MPOS device (e.g., a smartphone and / or tablet running a purchase transaction software application), and purchase the item using the purchase transaction software application running on the MPOS device (e.g., a smartphone and / or tablet running a purchase transaction software application). or other cloud-based online service) to make secure payment for the desired item. Once the retail store system verifies the purchase transaction, a wireless command signal is sent from the retail store system to the security tag. In response to the wireless command signal, one or both of the following events occur: a mechanical component (e.g., a solenoid and / or a gear motor) is actuated so that the customer can remove the security tag from the purchased item. For example, actuation of the mechanical component causes the captive pin to be released, whereby the security tag can be removed from the item.

[0044] This solution uses a novel solution to cause actuation of the mechanical components of the security tag. The mechanical components require a surge to drive. The electronic control section of the security tag requires harvested energy as a bias power supply. The basic elements include a resonant RF transmitter on the counter surface and a resonant receiving coil within the security tag. The energy induced in the receiving coil is used to harvest enough energy to power the electronics of the security tag, as well as to provide both the surge required by the mechanical components.

[0045] Illustrative system for separating safety tags

[0046] Reference now Figure 1 , provides an illustration of an illustrative system 100. System 100 includes a retail store facility ("RSF") 150 that includes an EAS system 130. EAS system 130 includes a monitoring system 134 and at least one security tag 132. Although Figure 1 102, thereby protecting the item 102 from unauthorized removal from the RSF 150. The monitoring system 134 establishes a surveillance zone (not shown) within which the presence of the security tag 132 can be detected. The surveillance zone is established at an access point (not shown) of the RSF 150. If the security tag 132 is brought into the surveillance zone, an alarm is triggered to indicate that the item 102 may be removed from the RSF 150 without authorization.

[0047] During store hours, a customer 140 may desire to purchase an item 102. The customer 140 may purchase the item 102 without using a traditional fixed POS station (e.g., a cash register). Instead, a mobile communication device ("MCD") 104 may be used to effectuate the purchase transaction. The MCD 104 (e.g., a mobile phone or tablet) may be in the possession of the customer 140 or a store clerk 142 at the time of the purchase transaction. Notably, the MCD 104 has a retail transaction application installed thereon that is configured to facilitate the purchase of the item 102 and the attachment / detachment of the security tag 132 to / from the item 102. The retail transaction application may be a pre-installed application, an additional application, or a plug-in application.

[0048] To initiate a purchase transaction, the retail transaction application is launched via a user-software interaction. The retail transaction application facilitates data exchange between the item 102, the security tag 132, the customer 140, the store clerk 142, and / or the retail transaction system ("RTS") 118. For example, after starting the retail transaction application, the user 140, 142 is prompted to begin a retail transaction process to purchase the item 102. The retail transaction process may be initiated simply by performing a user-software interaction, such as pressing a key on the keypad of the MCD 104 or touching a button on the touch screen display of the MCD 104.

[0049] Subsequently, the user 140, 142 may manually enter the retail transaction application item information. Alternatively or additionally, the user 140, 142 places the MCD 104 near the item 102. As a result of this placement, the MCD 104 obtains the item information from the item 102. The item information includes any information useful for purchasing the item 102, such as an item identifier and an item purchase price. In some scenarios, the item information may even include an identifier of a security tag 132 attached thereto. The item information may be transferred from the item 102 to the MCD 104 via short-range communication ("SRC"), such as a barcode communication 122 or a near field communication ("NFC") 120. In the barcode scenario, the item 102 has a barcode 128 attached to its exposed surface. In the NFC scenario, the item 102 may include an NFC-enabled device 126.

[0050] Thereafter, the user 140, 142 enters the payment information into the retail transaction application of the MCD 104. After obtaining the payment information, the MCD 104 automatically performs operations for establishing a retail transaction session with the RTS 118. The retail transaction session may involve: communicating the item information and the payment information from the MCD 104 to the RTS 118 via the RF communication 124 and the public network 106 (e.g., the Internet) to complete the purchase transaction by the RTS 118; and communicating a response message from the RTS 118 to the MCD 104 indicating that the item 102 has been successfully or unsuccessfully purchased. The purchase transaction may involve using an authorized payment system, such as a bank automated clearing house ("ACH") payment system, a credit / debit card authorization system, or a third-party system (e.g., or ).

[0051] The RTS 118 may use the item information and payment information to complete the purchase transaction. In this regard, such information may be received by the computing device 108 of the RTS 118 and forwarded therefrom to a subsystem of the private network 100 (e.g., an intranet). For example, the item information and purchase information may also be forwarded to and processed by the purchase subsystem 112 to complete the purchase transaction. When the purchase transaction is completed, a message is generated and sent to the MCD 104 indicating whether the item 102 was successfully purchased or unsuccessfully purchased.

[0052] If the item 102 has been successfully purchased, then the RTS 118 or MCD 104 may automatically initiate the security tag detachment process. Alternatively, the user 140, 142 may initiate the security tag detachment process by performing a user software interaction using the MCD 104. In all three scenarios, the item information may optionally be forwarded to the lock release subsystem 114 and processed by the lock release subsystem to retrieve a detachment key or detachment code for detaching the security tag 132 from the item 102. The detachment key or code is then sent from the RTS 118 to the MCD 104 so that the MCD 104 may perform the tag detachment operation. The tag detachment operation is typically configured to cause the security tag 132 to actuate a detachment mechanism ( Figure 1 102). At this point, the MCD generates a detach command and sends a wireless detach signal including the detach command to the security tag 132. The security tag 132 authenticates the detach command and provides a notification to the MCD that the detach command is authenticated. At this point, the pad or other transmission circuit is enabled or otherwise activated so that a signal is transmitted therefrom. This signal causes the activation of the detachment mechanism of the security tag. For example, the signal causes the detachment mechanism to release a pin so that the security tag can be removed from the item 102. Once the security tag 132 has been removed from the item 102, the customer 140 can carry the item 102 through the surveillance area without triggering an alarm.

[0053] Reference now Figure 2 , provides an illustration of an illustrative architecture of a security tag 132. The security tag 132 may include Figure 2 More or fewer components may be shown. However, the components shown are sufficient to disclose an illustrative embodiment of implementing the present solution. Some or all of the components of the security tag 132 may be implemented in hardware, software, and / or a combination of hardware and software. Hardware includes, but is not limited to, one or more electronic circuits.

[0054] Figure 2 The hardware architecture of FIG. 1 represents a representative security tag 132 that is configured to facilitate preventing an item (e.g., Figure 1 Item 102) from RSF (e.g., Figure 1 In this regard, the security tag 132 may have a barcode 138 attached thereto for allowing communication with an external device (e.g., Figure 1 MCD 104) exchanges data.

[0055] The security tag 132 also includes an antenna 202 and an RF-enabled device 136 for allowing data to be exchanged with an external device via RF technology. The antenna 202 is configured to receive RF signals from the external device and transmit RF signals generated by the RF-enabled device 136. The RF-enabled device 136 includes an RF transceiver 204. RF transceivers are well known in the art and will not be described herein.

[0056] The RF-enabled device 136 also includes an Rx circuit 224. The signal transmitted from the pad or other transmission circuit 222 induces a voltage in the receiving coil L_rx of the Rx circuit 224. When the switch 228 is open, this voltage charges the energy harvesting capacitor C_eh of the Rx circuit 224. The energy stored in the energy harvesting capacitor C_eh is used to power the controller 206. The security tag can interrupt energy harvesting when the switch is closed or when another event occurs (for example, expiration of a given time period or termination of wireless signal transmission by an external transmission device). In some scenarios, energy harvesting continues even after the switch is closed.

[0057] Controller 206 processes the received RF signal to extract information therein. This information may include, but is not limited to, a request for certain information (e.g., unique identifier 210), and / or a message including information specifying a detachment key or code for detaching security tag 132 from an item.

[0058] If the extracted information includes a request for specific information, the controller 206 may perform operations to retrieve the unique identifier 210 and / or item information 214 from the memory 208. The item information 214 may include a unique identifier for the item and / or a purchase price for the item. The retrieved information is then transmitted from the security tag 132 to the requesting external device (e.g., Figure 1 MCD 104).

[0059] If the extracted information includes instructions for actuating the separation mechanism 250 of the electromechanical locking mechanism 216, the controller 206 can perform operations to selectively close the switch 228 (which is normally open). The switch 228 can include, but is not limited to, a transistor. When the switch 228 is closed, energy is allowed to flow from the Rx circuit 224 to the separation mechanism 250 of the electromechanical locking mechanism 216. At this point, the receiving coil L_rx of the Rx circuit 224 resonates with the receiving capacitor C_rx (tuned to the same frequency as the Tx circuit 222) to provide energy to the electromechanical locking mechanism 216. At this point, actuation of the separation mechanism 250 occurs. When the separation mechanism 250 is actuated, the security tag 132 can output an audible or visual indication.

[0060] Alternatively or additionally, the controller 206 may: parse information from the received message; retrieve the detach key / code 212 from the memory 208; and compare the parsed information to the detach key / code to determine whether there is a match therebetween. If a match exists, the controller 206 closes the switch 228 to actuate the detach mechanism 250. When the detach mechanism 250 is actuated, the security tag 132 may output an audible or visual indication. If there is no match, the controller 206 may generate a response message indicating that the detach key / code specified in the extracted information does not match the detach key / code 212 stored in the memory 208. The response message may then be sent from the security tag 132 to the requesting external device (e.g., a wireless short-range communication or a wired communication via the interface 260). Figure 1 The message may also be passed to another external device or network node via interface 260.

[0061] It is worth noting that when the security tag 132 and the transmission device (e.g., Figure 1 MCD 104 and / or Fig.18 When the distance between the security tag 132 and the transmission device is too close, the separation mechanism 250 may be damaged. In such a close situation, more energy than required is delivered to the electromechanical locking mechanism 216. The controller 206 is provided with an energy integrator 230 to ensure that such damage to the electromechanical locking mechanism 216 does not occur when the security tag 132 is relatively close to the transmission device.

[0062] The energy integrator 230 is configured to monitor relevant electrical parameters (e.g., current and / or voltage at the output of the capacitor C_rx) and calculate in real time the amount of energy consumed by the electrical locking mechanism 216. The amount of energy dissipation is calculated according to the following mathematical equations (1) and (2).

[0063] E D =I x V xΔt (1)

[0064] Where E D represents the amount of energy dissipated, I represents the current, V represents the voltage, and Δt represents the integration interval. E is determined at multiple times 1, ..., N D , where N is an integer. D1 、E D2 ,...,E DN Stored in the memory 208, such as Figure 2 Each time a new energy dissipation value is calculated, the accumulated dissipated energy ED-A is also calculated according to the following mathematical equation (2).

[0065] E D-A =E D1 +E D2+…+E DN (2)

[0066] Then E D-A The value of is compared with the threshold thr. D-A If the integrator 230 causes the energy supply from the receiving circuit 224 to the electromechanical locking mechanism 216 to be interrupted, the threshold thr represents the upper limit of safe operation of the separation mechanism 250. The energy supply is interrupted by causing the controller 206 to selectively open the switch 228. When the energy supply is interrupted, E D and E D-A The value may be removed from memory 208 or reset to zero.

[0067] The controller 206 selectively opens the switch 228 when certain criteria are met. For example, when the controller 206 detects movement of the separation mechanism, and / or the energy integrator 230 determines E D-A When thr is greater than thr, the switch 228 opens upon expiration of a predetermined period of time (starting from the time the switch was last closed).

[0068] The memory 208 may be a volatile memory and / or a non-volatile memory. For example, the memory 208 may include, but is not limited to, a random access memory ("RAM"), a dynamic random access memory ("DRAM"), a static random access memory ("SRAM"), a read-only memory ("ROM"), and a flash memory. The memory 208 may also include an unsecure memory and / or a secure memory. As used herein, the phrase "unsecure memory" refers to a memory configured to store data in plain text form. As used herein, the phrase "secure memory" refers to a memory configured to store data in an encrypted form and / or a memory having or being placed in a secure or tamper-proof housing.

[0069] The electromechanical locking mechanism 216 is operable to actuate the separation mechanism 250. The separation mechanism 250 may include a locking member configured to move between a locked state and an unlocked state. Such a locking member may include, but is not limited to, a pin. The electromechanical locking mechanism 216 is shown coupled between the switch 228 and the Rx circuit 224. The components 224, 206 may be activated based on the external device (e.g., Figure 1 The information received by the MCD 104 causes the locking member of the separation mechanism 250 to transition between states.

[0070] Components 204-208, 224, 260 may be collectively referred to herein as RF-enabled device 136. RF-enabled device 136 may be incorporated into a device that also houses electromechanical locking mechanism 216, or may be a separate device that communicates with electromechanical locking mechanism 216, either directly or indirectly.

[0071] Descriptive Safety Label Schema

[0072] Now refer to Figures 3 to 12 An illustrative architecture of security tag 300 is described in detail. Figure 1 Security tag 132 may be the same as or similar to security tag 300. Therefore, the following discussion of security tag 300 is sufficient to understand the various features of security tag 132.

[0073] like Figures 3 to 8 As shown in FIG. 3 , security tag 300 comprises a hard EAS tag formed by a molded plastic housing 302. The EAS and / or RFID elements ( Figures 3 to 12 302. The housing 302 is defined by a first housing portion 304 and a second housing portion 306, which are securely coupled to each other (e.g., via adhesive, ultrasonic welding, and / or mechanical couplings 400 such as screws).

[0074] The housing 302 has an insertion space 402 that is sized and shaped to receive an item (e.g., Figure 1 102) so that the security tag 300 can be securely attached or coupled thereto. Fig. 9 The unengaged state shown in the figure transitions to Figures 3 to 9 and Fig.11 300 is securely coupled to the article. The transition is achieved by moving the pin 308 out of the first section 310 of the housing 302, through the insertion space 402, and into the second section 312 of the housing 302. A knob 314 is provided to allow the user to control the transition. The knob may be disposed on a side surface of the housing 302, such as Figures 3 to 11 , or alternatively disposed on another surface of the housing (e.g., a top surface), such as Fig.12 The mechanical mechanism (now in Figures 3 to 8 ) to maintain pin 308 in its engaged state.

[0075] Reference now Figures 9 to 11 , the internal components of the security tag 300 will be described. As described above, the EAS / RFID element, the RF-enabled device (e.g., Figure 1 to Figure 2 RF-enabled device 136) and / or an electromechanical locking mechanism (e.g., Figure 2 The electromechanical locking mechanism 216 is disposed within the security tag 300. The EAS / RFID element and the RF-enabled device are not Figures 9 to 11 The illustration is only for simplification of the diagram.

[0076] like Fig. 9As shown in , the electromechanical locking mechanism 900 of the security tag 300 includes a pin 308, a linear actuator 902, 906, a spring 904, a leaf spring 908, a pawl 922 and an electromagnetic solenoid 910. The electromechanical locking mechanism 900 is not limited to these components. For example, the electromagnetic solenoid 910 can be replaced by a gear motor. Electromagnetic solenoids and gear motors are well known in the art and will not be described herein. As long as their overall dimensions meet the dimensional requirements of the security tag 300, any known or to-be-known electromagnetic solenoid and / or gear motor may be used herein without limitation.

[0077] The linear actuator includes a pair of gears 902 and 906 that convert the rotational motion of the circular gear 906 into the linear motion of the linear gear 902. The circular gear 906 is referred to herein as a pinion, and the linear gear 902 is referred to herein as a rack. The knob 314 facilitates the user to control the rotational motion of the pinion 906. Therefore, the pinion 902 is coupled to the knob 314 so that it rotates with the knob. For example, when the knob 314 is rotated by the user in the direction shown in arrow 912, the pinion 902 rotates in the direction.

[0078] Pinion 902 has a plurality of teeth 914 that engage with a plurality of teeth 916 of rack 902. The engagement of teeth 914, 916 allows rotational motion applied to pinion 906 via knob 314 to cause rack 902 to move, thereby converting the rotational motion of pinion 906 into linear motion of rack 902.

[0079] The rack 902 is firmly coupled to the pin 308. Thus, linear movement of the rack 902 in direction 918 causes linear movement of the pin 308 in the same direction. Likewise, linear movement of the rack 902 in direction 920 causes linear movement of the pin 308 in the same direction. When the rack 902 moves along the direction 920, the pin 308 moves from Fig. 9 The unengaged position shown in FIG. Fig.10 The intermediate position is shown in FIG.

[0080] In the intermediate position, the end 1002 of the pin 308 extends into the insertion space 402. In addition, the rack 902 exerts a thrust on the spring 904, which causes it to compress. In effect, the pin / gear arrangement is spring-loaded and when the pin 308 is in its intermediate position (as well as when in the fully engaged position), it is desired to return to the unengaged position.

[0081] The pin 308 is held in its intermediate position via the pawl 922. At this point, the pawl 922 engages the pinion 902 and is pivotally coupled to the housing via the pivot member 924. Fig.13 A diagram is provided to help understand the mechanical relationship between these components 902, 922. Fig.13 As shown in , the pawl includes a protrusion 1306 that slidingly engages the teeth 914 of the pinion 902. The chamfered surface 1304 of the protrusion 1306 and the chamfered surface 1302 of the teeth 914 facilitate the sliding engagement. When the pinion 902 rotates in the direction 912, the chamfered surface 1304 slides along the outer surface of the pinion 902, which is at least partially defined by the chamfered surface 1302 of the teeth 914. In effect, the protrusion 1306 of the pawl travels in and out of the space 1308 that exists between adjacent teeth 914 of the pinion 902. The leaf spring 908 facilitates the travel of the protrusion back into the space 1308.

[0082] When protrusion 1306 is located in space 1308, pin 308 is held in a given position because pawl 922 prevents the pinion from rotating in a direction opposite to direction 912. Preventing the pinion from rotating in a direction opposite to direction 912 is facilitated at least in part by straight surface 1310 of pawl 922, which engages teeth 914 in a manner that does not allow protrusion 1306 to move in and out of space 1308 due to movement of the pinion in a direction opposite to direction 912.

[0083] Reference now Fig.11 , provides an illustration of the pin 308 in the fully engaged position. Fig.11 , the end 1002 of the pin 308 extends into the hole 1102 formed in the second section 312 of the housing 302. Likewise, the spring 904 is in its fully compressed state. In effect, the pin / gear arrangement is spring loaded and wants to return to the unengaged position. Thus, when the pawl 922 is released, the pin retracts into the first section 310 of the housing 302, which causes the spring to automatically transition from its compressed state to its natural uncompressed state. During this transition, the rack 902 is free to move in the direction 918.

[0084] Reference now Fig.12 , providing an illustration that helps understand how the pawl 922 is released. As described above, the separation operation of the security tag 300 is performed via its release from an external device (e.g., Figure 1 The MCD 104 and / or RTS 118 of the security tag 300 receives the wireless separation signal. Upon receipt, the security tag 300 authenticates the separation command and performs an operation (e.g., closes the Figure 2 The solenoid 910 is activated by supplying power to it (e.g., from Figure 2 The electromagnetic solenoid 910 drives the post 1202 to move in the direction 1204, so that a thrust is applied to the pawl 1204. The thrust is large enough to overcome the thrust applied to the pawl 922 by the leaf spring 908. The thrust applied by the post 1202 causes the pawl 922 to move from Figures 9 to 11The engagement state shown in the figure changes to Fig.12 12. In fact, pinion 906 is free to move in direction 1206. Therefore, due to the decompression of spring 904, pin 308 is able to retract from its engaged state. Once pin 308 has been fully retracted, security tag 300 can be removed from the item to which it is attached (e.g., Figure 1 In this scenario, a customer (e.g., Figure 1 Customers 140) can carry items through the surveillance area without triggering an alarm.

[0085] Now refer to Fig.17 Another illustrative structure of security tag 1700 is described in detail. Figure 1 The security tag 132 may be the same as or similar to the security tag 1700. Therefore, the following discussion of the security tag 1700 is sufficient to understand the various features of the security tag 132.

[0086] Security tag 1700 includes a removable pin 1702 that can be secured via a securing mechanism (in Fig.17 The fixing mechanism is well known in the art. Any known or to-be-known fixing mechanism can be used here. For example, a three-ball clutch mechanism or a clamp can be used as a fixing mechanism.

[0087] The security tag 1700 also includes an internal RF-enabled device ( Fig.17 ) and optional internal EAS components ( Fig.17 RF-enabled devices can be used with Figure 1 to Figure 2 The RF-enabled device 136 is the same or similar to the RF-enabled device 136. The RF-enabled device is designed to cause actuation of the securing mechanism for releasing the pin 1702 therefrom. EAS components are well known in the art and will not be described herein.

[0088] Fig.18 An illustration of an example solder pad 1800 is provided that may be used with a security tag 132, 300, 1700 to selectively release a pin (e.g., Figure 3 Pin 308 or Fig.17 The pad 1800 includes an internal circuit configured to generate and transmit a signal at a given frequency (e.g., 90 kHz). The signal may include, but is not limited to, an RF signal. Circuits for generating and transmitting signals are well known in the art and are not described herein. Any known or later known signal generation / transmission circuit may be used. In some scenarios, the internal circuit is connected to the Figure 2The given frequency may be the same as or similar to the transmission circuit of the RF transceiver 204 of the security tag 1700. Figure 2 The same frequency to which the Rx circuit 224 is tuned. The signal transmitted by the pad 1800 causes power to be supplied to the securing mechanism of the security tag, thereby releasing the pin.

[0089] In some scenarios, such as Fig.19 As shown in FIG. 1 , the internal transmission circuit of the pad 1800 includes: a capacitor C_tx; an inductor L_tx connected to a first terminal of the capacitor C_tx; and a voltage source V_tx coupled to a second terminal of the capacitor C_tx and tuned to the frequency of the capacitor C_tx and the inductor L_tx. The inductor L_tx of the transmission circuit of the pad and the inductor of the receiving circuit (e.g., Figure 2 The resonant inductive coupling between the inductor L_rx) in the receiving circuit of the security tag (for example, Figure 2 A voltage is induced in the Rx circuit 224 of FIG. 21 . When a switch (eg, Figure 2 When the switch 228 of the receiving circuit is closed, the inductor and the receiving capacitor (eg, Figure 2 The receiving capacitor is tuned to the same frequency as the transmission circuit of the pad is tuned to. The mechanical components of the security tag (e.g., Figure 2 The electromechanical locking mechanism 216) is directly connected between the switch and the capacitor of the receiving circuit.

[0090] Illustrative Methods of Operating Safety Tags

[0091] Reference now Fig.15 , providing a means for operating safety tags (e.g. Figure 1 Safety label 132 and / or Figure 3 300). The method 1500 starts at 1502 and continues to 1504, where a security tag (e.g., Figure 1 Safety label 132 or Figure 3 The security tag 300 is attached to an item (e.g., Figure 1 102). This attachment may include a knob to rotate the security tag (e.g., Figure 3 knob 314) to enable the pin (e.g., Figure 3 The pin 308 of the embodiment is transformed into an engaged position (such as Fig.11 ). Figures 9 to 11 The manner in which the pin is transformed into its engaged position is described.In addition to, or as an alternative to, knob-based techniques, other techniques and mechanisms may be used to attach a security tag to an article.

[0092] At some time thereafter, a decision is made at 1506 to determine whether the purchase transaction has been successfully executed. If the purchase transaction was not successful [1506: No], the method 1500 repeats 1506. In contrast, if the purchase transaction was successful [1506: Yes], 1508 is executed, wherein the MCD (e.g., Figure 1 MCD 104), RTS (e.g., Figure 1 The security tag detach process is automatically initiated in response to user software interaction with the MCD or RTS 118 or in response to user software interaction with the MCD or RTS. The security tag detach process includes operations performed in 1510 to 1520. 1510 to 1518 involve: generating (e.g., by Figure 1 The MCD 104 of the embodiment of the present invention and sending a signal to the security tag, the signal including a detachment command for actuating a detachment mechanism of the security tag; wirelessly receiving the signal at the security tag; and authenticating the detachment command at the security tag.

[0093] If the detach command is not authenticated [ 1516 : No], optional 1518 is performed, where the MCD, RTS, and / or user are notified that the detach command is not authenticated by the security tag. Method 1500 then returns to 1510 .

[0094] If the detach command is authenticated [1516: YES], the pad (e.g. Fig.18 The pad 1800) or other transmission device is activated, so that a signal is generated and transmitted therefrom, as shown by 1519. In response to the signal, the detachment mechanism of the security tag (e.g., Fig. 9 The electromagnetic solenoid 910 of the security tag is activated as shown in 1520. Such activation can be simply by closing a switch inside the security tag (e.g., Figure 2 As a result of closing the switch, energy is allowed to flow from the security tag's receiving circuit (e.g., Figure 2 Rx circuit 224) flows to the separation mechanism, so that the pawl is released (for example, Fig. 9 The release of the pawl can be as described above. Fig.12 Described method is implemented.

[0095] Reference now Fig.16 , providing a means for operating safety tags (e.g. Figure 1 to Figure 2 Safety label 132 and / or Figures 3 to 14 300). The method 1600 starts at 1602 and continues to 1604, where a receiving circuit (e.g., Figure 2 The wireless signal can be received by the receiving circuit 224 of the pad (for example, Fig.18 pad 1800) or other transmission means (e.g., Figure 1 This signal causes the receiving circuit of the security tag (e.g., Figure 2 A voltage is induced in the Rx circuit 224), as shown in 1608.

[0096] At 1614, a controller (e.g., Figure 2 The controller 206 of the security tag performs operations to selectively close a switch inside the security tag (e.g., Figure 2 The switch 228 may be based on an RF transceiver (e.g., Figure 2 The switch selectively closes due to information in a signal received by the RF transceiver 204 of the security tag. This information may include, but is not limited to, a detach command. When the switch is closed, energy is allowed to flow from the receiving circuit of the security tag to the mechanical components of the security tag (e.g., Figure 2 This energy flow results in the actuation of the mechanical components.

[0097] In some scenarios, the controller may optionally perform the operations in 1614 to detect movement of a mechanical component and / or detect when a predetermined time period has expired. The predetermined time period may start when the switch is closed. This information may be obtained by the controller to determine when to open the switch as described above.

[0098] After completing 1618, method 1600 continues with operations 1622 to 1626 to prevent the security tag from being transmitted when it is away from an external transmission device or circuit (e.g., Figure 1 MCD 104 and / or Fig.18 The mechanical component is damaged when the pad 1800 of the security tag is within a certain distance. In 1622, the controller of the security tag monitors the energy dissipation level of the mechanical component. In 1624, the controller determines whether the accumulated amount of energy dissipation exceeds a threshold. If the accumulated amount of energy dissipation exceeds the threshold [1624: YES], the controller performs an operation to open the switch, as shown in 1626. Subsequently, 1628 is executed, where the method 1600 ends or other operations are performed.

[0099] In contrast, if the accumulated amount of energy dissipation does not exceed the threshold [1624: NO], the method 1600 returns to 1622, or optionally closes the switch based on some criteria, as shown at 1625. For example, the switch may be closed when movement of a mechanical component is detected or a predetermined time period expires. If the switch is closed at 1625, the method 1600 may end or perform other operations.

[0100] In some scenarios, the release of the mechanical component is accomplished by inserting a pin (e.g., Figure 3The pin 308 is moved from an engaged position to an unengaged position. When the pin is in the engaged position, one end of the pin is located in a hole formed in the first part of the housing, the hole is separated from the second part of the housing by a gap, and when the pin is in the unengaged position, the pin is completely retracted into the second part of the housing.

[0101] In those or other scenarios, for example, the transmission circuit of the pad includes: a capacitor; an inductor connected to a first terminal of the capacitor; and a voltage source coupled to a second terminal of the capacitor and tuned to the frequency of the capacitor and the inductor. Figure 2 When the switch is closed, the inductor in the receiving circuit is connected to the capacitor (e.g., Figure 2 The capacitor C_rx in the receiving circuit is resonant. The capacitor of the receiving circuit is tuned to the same frequency as the frequency to which the transmitting circuit is tuned. The mechanical part of the security tag is directly connected between the switch and the capacitor of the receiving circuit.

[0102] In view of the present disclosure, all devices, methods and algorithms disclosed and claimed herein can be made and executed without undue experimentation. Although the present invention has been described in accordance with preferred embodiments, it is obvious to those of ordinary skill in the art that the order of steps of the devices, methods and methods can be changed without departing from the concept, spirit and scope of the present invention. More specifically, it is obvious that certain components can be added to the components described herein, or combined with the components described herein, or replace the components described herein, and the same or similar results will be obtained. All of these similar substitutions and modifications that are obvious to those of ordinary skill in the art are considered to be within the spirit, scope and concept of the present invention as defined.

[0103] The features and functions disclosed above and alternatives may be combined into many other different systems or applications. Various currently unforeseen or unanticipated substitutions, modifications, changes or improvements may be made by those skilled in the art, each of which is also intended to be covered by the disclosed embodiments.

Claims

1. A method for operating a security tag, comprising: Using a receiving circuit of the security tag to receive a first wireless signal transmitted from an external transmitting circuit; inducing a voltage in the receiving circuit of the security tag when receiving the first wireless signal; an operation performed by a controller of the security tag to selectively close a switch; as well as When the switch is closed, the mechanical component is released by allowing energy to flow from the receiving circuit to the mechanical component of the security tag, Wherein, the controller is configured to perform the following operations to prevent damage to the mechanical component: monitoring the energy dissipation level of the mechanical component; determining when a cumulative amount of energy dissipated by the mechanical component exceeds a threshold; and When the accumulated energy dissipation amount of the mechanical component exceeds the threshold, energy flow from the receiving circuit to the mechanical component is interrupted.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the release of the mechanical component is accomplished by transitioning a pin from an engaged position to a disengaged position without any manual assistance or mechanical assistance from a device external to the security tag.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein when the pin is in the engaged position, one end of the pin is located in a hole formed in a first portion of the housing, the hole being separated from a second portion of the housing by a gap, and when the pin is in the unengaged position, the pin is fully retracted into the second portion of the housing.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the voltage is induced in the receiving circuit via resonant inductive coupling between the external transmission circuit and an inductor of the receiving circuit.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein when the switch is closed, an inductor and a capacitor in the receiving circuit resonate.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein the capacitor is tuned to the same frequency as the frequency to which the external transmission circuit is tuned.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the mechanical component of the security tag is connected directly between the switch and a capacitor of the receiving circuit.

8. The method of claim 1, further comprising performing an operation by the controller to close the switch.

9. The method of claim 1, further comprising harvesting energy by the security tag when the switch is open.

10. The method of claim 9, further comprising discontinuing energy harvesting by the security tag when the switch is closed. The method of claim 1 , wherein the energy flow is interrupted by opening the switch.

12. The method of claim 1, wherein the threshold value represents a safe upper operating limit for the mechanical component.

13. The method of claim 1, further comprising selectively opening the switch upon expiration of a predetermined period of time from a time when the switch was closed.

14. The method of claim 1, further comprising selectively opening the switch when the controller detects movement of the mechanical component.

15. A security label comprising: switch; a receiving circuit configured to receive a wireless signal transmitted by an external transmitting circuit; a controller coupled to the switch and the receiving circuit; as well as a mechanical component coupled to the switch and facilitating attachment of the security tag to an article; wherein when receiving the wireless signal, a voltage is induced in the receiving circuit; wherein when the switch is closed, the mechanical component is released by allowing energy to flow from the receiving circuit to the mechanical component; and The controller is configured to perform the following operations to prevent damage to the mechanical components: monitoring the energy dissipation level of the mechanical component; determining when a cumulative amount of energy dissipated by the mechanical component exceeds a threshold; and When the accumulated energy dissipation amount of the mechanical component exceeds the threshold, energy flow from the receiving circuit to the mechanical component is interrupted.

16. The security tag of claim 15, wherein the release of the mechanical component is accomplished by transitioning a pin from an engaged position to a disengaged position without any manual assistance or mechanical assistance from a device external to the security tag.

17. A security tag according to claim 16, wherein when the pin is in the engaged position, one end of the pin is located in a hole formed in the first part of the housing, the hole is separated from the second part of the housing by a gap, and when the pin is in the unengaged position, the pin is fully retracted into the second part of the housing.

18. The security tag of claim 15, wherein the voltage is induced in the receiving circuit via resonant inductive coupling between the external transmission circuit and an inductor of the receiving circuit.

19. The security tag of claim 15, wherein when the switch is closed, an inductor and a capacitor in the receiving circuit resonate.

20. The security tag of claim 19, wherein the capacitor is tuned to the same frequency as the external transmission circuit is tuned to.

21. The security tag of claim 15 wherein the mechanical component of the security tag is connected directly between the switch and a capacitor of the receiving circuit.

22. The security tag of claim 15, wherein the controller further performs an operation to close the switch.

23. The security tag of claim 15, wherein the security tag harvests energy when the switch is open.

24. The security tag of claim 23, wherein when the switch is closed, the security tag ceases to harvest energy.

25. The security tag of claim 15, wherein the energy flow is interrupted by opening the switch.

26. The security tag of claim 15, wherein the threshold value represents an upper safe operating limit for the mechanical component.

27. The security tag of claim 15, wherein the switch is selectively opened upon expiration of a predetermined period of time from when the switch was closed.

28. The security tag of claim 15, wherein the switch is selectively opened when movement of the mechanical component is detected.

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