Anchor cable unanchoring device and anchor cable unanchoring method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of anchor cable support, and provides an anchor cable unanchoring device and an anchor cable unanchoring method. The above-mentioned anchor cable unanchoring device comprises: a tray assembly, which abuts against the surrounding rock, one end of the anchor cable is anchored in the surrounding rock, and the other end of the anchor cable passes through the tray assembly; an anchor unanchoring assembly, which is sleeved on the outside of the anchor cable, the anchor unanchoring assembly abuts against the push plate assembly, and the anchor unanchoring assembly is detachable; a lock, which is sleeved on the outside of the anchor cable, the lock abuts against the anchor unanchoring assembly to lock the anchor cable, the anchor unanchoring assembly and the tray assembly. The anchor cable unanchoring device provided by the present invention, by setting the anchor unanchoring assembly, when the anchor cable is unanchored, the anchor unanchoring assembly is disassembled by destroying the anchor unanchoring assembly, and then the pre-tightening force of the lock is released, so that the anchor cable can be easily unanchored.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of anchor cable support, and in particular to an anchor cable unanchoring device and an anchor cable unanchoring method. Background Art

[0002] In the support of coal mine tunnels, anchor cables are the second most important support equipment after anchor rods. In some areas with complex geological conditions, anchor cables play an irreplaceable role in the stability of tunnel surrounding rocks. As one of the preferred support equipment, anchor cables are required to provide stable and reliable anchoring force in some permanent support areas. However, in some temporary support areas, such as the mining tunnels of coal mining working faces in underground coal mines, the anchor cables in the mining tunnels not only need to control the deformation of the tunnel surrounding rocks before the working face is mined, but also need to withdraw the anchor cables in the mining tunnels in time if the roof of the triangular area of ​​the working face is suspended but not collapsed after the working face is mined. This ensures that the roof of the triangular area behind the working face can collapse in time to avoid safety hazards caused by large-scale suspended roofs. However, due to the installation, equipment scratches, mining of the working face and other reasons, the exposed steel strands in the mining tunnels often have problems such as bifurcation and bending, which makes the current anchor withdrawal devices and methods based on pulling unusable. Summary of the invention

[0003] The invention provides an anchor cable unanchoring device and an anchor cable unanchoring method, which are used to solve the defect that the anchor cable supporting device in the prior art cannot be unanchored.

[0004] The present invention provides an anchor cable unanchoring device, comprising: a tray assembly, which is abutted against the surrounding rock, one end of the anchor cable is anchored in the surrounding rock, and the other end of the anchor cable passes through the tray assembly; an anchor unanchoring assembly, which is sleeved on the outside of the anchor cable, the anchor unanchoring assembly is abutted against the push plate assembly, and the anchor unanchoring assembly is detachable; a lock, which is sleeved on the outside of the anchor cable, the lock is abutted against the anchor unanchoring assembly, so as to lock the anchor cable, the anchor unanchoring assembly and the tray assembly.

[0005] According to an anchor cable unanchoring device provided by the present invention, the anchor unanchoring assembly comprises: an anchor unanchoring member, which is sleeved on the outside of the anchor cable and located between the lock and the tray assembly, and the anchor unanchoring member is detachable.

[0006] According to an anchor cable unanchoring device provided by the present invention, the unanchoring member is provided with an injection hole, and the injection hole is used to inject liquid metal gallium.

[0007] According to an anchor cable unanchoring device provided by the present invention, an annular groove is provided inside the anchor unanchoring member, and the annular groove is communicated with the injection hole.

[0008] According to an anchor cable unanchoring device provided by the present invention, the unanchoring member is further provided with a plurality of flow channels, the plurality of flow channels are arranged along the circumference of the unanchoring member and communicate with the annular groove.

[0009] According to an anchor cable unanchoring device provided by the present invention, a vent hole is provided on the surface of the unanchoring member, and the vent hole is communicated with the annular groove.

[0010] According to an anchor cable unanchoring device provided by the present invention, the unanchoring assembly further comprises: a plurality of gaskets, which are respectively sandwiched between the unanchoring member and the tray assembly, and between the unanchoring member and the lock.

[0011] According to an anchor cable unanchoring device provided by the present invention, the lock comprises: a cylindrical member, the cylindrical member is sleeved on the outside of the anchor cable, the cylindrical member abuts against the anchor unanchoring assembly, and the inner wall of the cylindrical member is provided with a first inclined surface; a plurality of wedge-shaped members, inserted into the cylindrical member, the first surface of the wedge-shaped member is provided with a second inclined surface matching the first inclined surface, the wedge-shaped member has a second surface opposite to the first surface, and the second surface abuts against the anchor cable.

[0012] The present invention provides a method for anchor cable unanchoring using the anchor cable unanchoring device as described above, comprising: destroying the anchor unanchoring component, disassembling the anchor unanchoring component, so that the pre-tightening force between the lock, the anchor unanchoring component and the tray component disappears; disassembling the lock and unanchoring the anchor cable.

[0013] According to the present invention, a method for anchor cable unanchoring using an anchor cable unanchoring device further comprises: injecting liquid metal gallium into the anchor unanchoring component to destroy the crystal structure of the anchor unanchoring component and render the anchor unanchoring component ineffective.

[0014] The anchor cable unanchoring device provided by the present invention is provided with an anchor unanchoring component. When the anchor cable is unanchored, the anchor unanchoring component is destroyed to be disassembled, thereby releasing the pre-tightening force of the lock, thereby realizing easy unanchoring of the anchor cable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0016] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the anchor cable unanchoring device provided by the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 yes Figure 1A top view of the anchor withdrawal member shown in FIG.

[0018] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A front view of the anchor withdrawal member shown in FIG.

[0019] Reference numerals:

[0020] 10: tray assembly; 11: tray; 12: spherical pad; 20: anchor withdrawal assembly; 21: anchor withdrawal member; 22: gasket; 30: lock; 31: cylindrical member; 32: wedge member; 100: surrounding rock; 101: anchor cable; 211: flow channel; 212: annular groove; 213: injection hole; 214: exhaust hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] The features of the terms "first" and "second" in the specification and claims of the present invention may include one or more of the features explicitly or implicitly. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

[0023] Combine the following Figure 1-Figure 3 The invention describes an anchor cable unanchoring device and an anchor cable unanchoring method using the anchor cable unanchoring device.

[0024] like Figure 1 As shown, in one embodiment of the present invention, the anchor cable anchor withdrawal device includes: a tray assembly 10, an anchor withdrawal assembly 20 and a lock 30. The tray assembly 10 abuts against the surrounding rock 100, one end of the anchor cable 101 is anchored in the surrounding rock 100, and the other end of the anchor cable 101 passes through the tray assembly 10. The anchor withdrawal assembly 20 is sleeved on the outside of the anchor cable 101, the anchor withdrawal assembly 20 abuts against the tray assembly 10, and the anchor withdrawal assembly 20 is detachable. The lock 30 is sleeved on the outside of the anchor cable 101, the lock 30 abuts against the anchor withdrawal assembly 20, so as to lock the anchor cable 101, the anchor withdrawal assembly 20 and the tray assembly 10.

[0025] Specifically, an anchor hole is provided on the surrounding rock 100 for anchoring the anchor 101. The first end of the anchor 101 is anchored in the anchor hole, and the second end of the anchor 101 passes through the tray assembly 10. Both ends of the tray assembly 10 abut against the surrounding rock 100. A hole is provided in the center of the tray assembly 10 for the anchor 101 to pass through. The anchor withdrawal assembly 20 and the lock 30 are sleeved on the outside of the anchor 101, and the inside of the lock 30 abuts against the anchor 101. The lock 30 is used to lock the anchor 101, the anchor withdrawal assembly 20 and the tray assembly 10, thereby achieving support for the anchor.

[0026] When it is necessary to withdraw the anchor, the anchor withdrawal assembly 20 is destroyed and then disassembled. There is a certain gap between the lock 30 and the tray assembly 10, and the pre-tightening force of the lock 30 disappears. The cylindrical member 31 of the lock 30 can slide relative to the wedge member 32. When the cylindrical member 31 is separated from the wedge member 32, the locking force of the lock 30 on the anchor cable 101 can be released, and the anchor cable 101 can be pulled out of the surrounding rock 100.

[0027] Furthermore, when the anchor withdrawal component 20 is destroyed, the crystal structure inside the anchor withdrawal component 20 can be invalidated, and the anchor withdrawal component 20 can be disassembled.

[0028] The anchor cable unanchoring device provided by the embodiment of the present invention provides an anchor unanchoring component. When the anchor cable is unanchored, the anchor unanchoring component is destroyed and removed, thereby releasing the pre-tightening force of the lock, thereby achieving easy unanchoring of the anchor cable.

[0029] like Figure 1 As shown, in one embodiment of the present invention, the anchor withdrawal assembly 20 includes an anchor withdrawal member 21. The anchor withdrawal member 21 is sleeved on the outside of the anchor cable 101 and located between the lock 30 and the tray assembly 10. The anchor withdrawal member 21 is detachable.

[0030] Specifically, the anchor release component 21 is clamped between the pallet assembly 10 and the lock 30. When the anchor needs to be released, the anchor release component 21 can be removed by destroying it, thereby creating a gap between the pallet assembly 10 and the lock 30, releasing the pre-tightening force of the lock 30, and then pulling the anchor cable 101 out of the surrounding rock 100.

[0031] Furthermore, if Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in one embodiment of the present invention, the anchor member 21 is provided with an injection hole 213, and the injection hole 213 is used to inject liquid metal gallium.

[0032] Specifically, in the present application, the anchoring member 21 is sandwiched between the tray assembly 10 and the lock 30, and the anchoring member 21 needs to have a certain strength to avoid deformation of the anchoring member 21 when the lock 30 is locked. Because it has a certain strength, it is difficult to destroy it by conventional physical destruction methods, such as knocking. However, the use of oxygen cutting for destruction has the difficulty of small operating space and inability to operate. Therefore, in the present application, how to destroy the anchoring member 21 has certain technical difficulties. In this embodiment, an injection hole 213 is opened on the anchoring member 21, and liquid metal gallium is injected into the injection hole 213, which can effectively destroy the internal crystal structure of the anchoring member 21, making the originally dense structure loose, and making the anchoring member 21 invalid. At this time, the anchoring member 21 can be easily destroyed by knocking it again, and then the anchoring member 21 is disassembled, so that there is a certain gap between the tray assembly 10 and the lock 30, and then the anchor cable 101 is pulled out from the surrounding rock 100.

[0033] Optionally, in the above-mentioned embodiment, the material of the anchoring member 21 is aluminum alloy.

[0034] Optionally, the length direction of the injection hole 213 may extend along the diameter direction of the anchor undocking member 21, or may extend along the thickness direction of the anchor undocking member 21. In this embodiment, the length direction of the injection hole 213 extends along the diameter direction of the anchor undocking member 21, that is, the opening of the injection hole 213 is arranged on the circumferential surface of the anchor undocking member 21.

[0035] Furthermore, an annular groove 212 is provided inside the de-anchoring member 21 , and the injection hole 213 is communicated with the annular groove 212 so as to allow the liquid metal gallium to flow to various places inside the de-anchoring member 21 .

[0036] Furthermore, in one embodiment of the present invention, the anchor removal component 21 is provided with a plurality of flow channels 211, and the plurality of flow channels 211 are arranged along the circumferential direction of the anchor removal component 21, each flow channel 211 is connected to the annular groove 212, and the annular groove 212 is connected to the injection hole 213. When the anchor removal component 21 is destroyed, liquid metal gallium is injected into the injection hole 213, and the liquid metal gallium enters the annular groove 212 along the injection hole 213, and then enters each flow channel 211, so as to destroy the internal structure of the anchor removal component 21.

[0037] Furthermore, if Figure 3As shown, the surface of the anchor undocking member 21 is further provided with an exhaust hole 214, and the exhaust pipe 214 is connected to the annular groove 212. Specifically, in this embodiment, the opening of the exhaust pipe 214 is provided on the surface of the anchor undocking member 21, the length direction of the exhaust pipe 214 extends along the thickness direction of the anchor undocking member 21, and is connected to the annular groove 212. The opening of the injection hole 213 is provided on the circumferential surface of the anchor undocking member 21, the length direction of the injection hole 213 extends along the diameter direction of the anchor undocking member 21, and is connected to the annular groove 212. When the liquid metal gallium is injected from the injection hole 213, the exhaust pipe 214 is used to exhaust the gas inside the anchor undocking member 21, so as to facilitate the injection of the liquid metal gallium.

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, in one embodiment of the present invention, the anchor undocking assembly 20 further includes: a plurality of gaskets 22 , and the plurality of gaskets 22 are respectively sandwiched between the anchor undocking member 21 and the tray assembly 10 , and between the anchor undocking member 21 and the lock 30 .

[0039] Specifically, a through hole is provided at the center of the gasket 22, and the anchor cable 101 passes through the gasket 22, and the gasket 22 has the function of shock absorption and anti-wear.

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, in one embodiment of the present invention, the tray assembly 10 includes: a tray 11 and a spherical pad 12. Specifically, the structure of the tray 11 is similar to a "bow" shape, the two ends of the tray 11 abut against the surrounding rock 100, a first through hole is provided in the center of the tray 11, the spherical pad 12 is embedded in the first through hole, a second through hole is provided in the center of the spherical pad 12, the anchor cable 101 passes through the second through hole, and the spherical pad 12 abuts against the anchor withdrawal member 21.

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, in one embodiment of the present invention, the lock 30 includes: a cylindrical member 31 and a plurality of wedge members 32. The cylindrical member 31 is sleeved on the outside of the anchor cable 101, the cylindrical member 31 abuts against the anchor withdrawal assembly 20, and the inner wall of the cylindrical member 31 is provided with a first inclined surface. The wedge member 32 is inserted into the cylindrical member 31 and is located between the inner wall of the cylindrical member 31 and the anchor cable 101, the first surface of the wedge member 32 is provided with a second inclined surface matching the first inclined surface, and the second surface of the wedge member 32 abuts against the anchor cable 101, wherein the first surface and the second surface are arranged opposite to each other.

[0042] Specifically, when locking the anchor removal assembly 20 and the tray assembly 10, the anchor cable 101 is pulled so that the anchor cable 101 reaches a preset preload force, and the wedge member 32 is inserted into the cylindrical member 31. As the degree of fit between the wedge member 32 and the inner wall of the cylindrical member 31 increases, the cylindrical member 31 and the wedge member 32 cooperate to lock the anchor cable 101, the anchor removal assembly 20 and the tray assembly 10.

[0043] The embodiment of the present invention also provides a method for withdrawing an anchor cable, which specifically comprises the following steps:

[0044] Step 01: destroy the anchor withdrawal assembly 20, disassemble the anchor withdrawal assembly 20, so that the pre-tightening force between the lock 30, the anchor withdrawal assembly 20 and the tray assembly 10 disappears; Step 02: disassemble the lock 30 and withdraw the anchor cable 101.

[0045] Specifically, during anchor cable support, a hole is drilled in the tunnel surrounding rock 100 to form an anchor cable hole, an anchoring agent and an anchor cable 101 are placed in the anchor cable hole, the anchoring agent is pushed to the bottom of the anchor cable hole, and the anchor cable 101 is rotated to stir the anchoring agent. After the anchoring agent solidifies, the tray assembly 10, the anchor withdrawal assembly 20 and the lock 30 are installed in sequence, and then the anchor cable 101 is tensioned to a preset preload, and the lock 30 locks the anchor cable 101, the anchor withdrawal assembly 20 and the tray assembly 10.

[0046] When it is necessary to de-anchor, the de-anchor assembly 20 is first destroyed, and then the de-anchor assembly 20 is disassembled, so that the pre-tightening force between the lock 30, the de-anchor assembly 20 and the tray assembly 10 disappears. At this time, a gap is formed between the lock 30 and the tray assembly 10, and the pre-tightening force disappears. The cylindrical member 31 of the lock 30 can move toward the tray assembly 10, so that the fit between the cylindrical member 31 and the wedge-shaped member 32 gradually becomes smaller. After the cylindrical member 31 is separated from the wedge-shaped member 32, the locking force of the anchor cable 101 is released, and the anchor cable 101 can be de-anchored.

[0047] The anchor cable unanchoring method provided by the embodiment of the present invention destroys the anchor unanchoring assembly. After the anchor unanchoring assembly is disassembled, the pre-tightening force between the lock, the anchor unanchoring assembly and the tray assembly disappears, thereby achieving easy anchor unanchoring.

[0048] Furthermore, in one embodiment of the present invention, the anchor cable anchoring method further includes: injecting liquid metal gallium into the anchor withdrawal assembly 20 to destroy the crystal structure of the anchor withdrawal assembly 20 and render the anchor withdrawal assembly 20 ineffective.

[0049] Specifically, injecting liquid metal gallium into the anchor withdrawal assembly 20 can effectively destroy the internal crystal structure of the anchor withdrawal assembly 20, making the originally dense structure loose, thereby causing the anchor withdrawal assembly 20 to fail. At this time, the anchor withdrawal assembly 20 can be easily destroyed by knocking it again, and then the anchor withdrawal assembly 20 can be disassembled, so that there is a certain gap between the tray assembly 10 and the lock 30, which is convenient for the lock 30 to move, and then the anchor cable 101 can be pulled out from the surrounding rock 100.

[0050] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for anchor cable unanchoring using an anchor cable unanchoring device, characterized in that: include: Destroying the anchor withdrawal assembly, disassembling the anchor withdrawal assembly, and eliminating the pre-tightening force between the lock, the anchor withdrawal assembly, and the tray assembly; Dismantle the lock and withdraw the anchor cable; Before the step of destroying the anchor withdrawal component, the method further comprises: injecting liquid metal gallium into the anchor withdrawal component to destroy the crystal structure of the anchor withdrawal component and render the anchor withdrawal component ineffective; The anchor cable unanchoring device comprises: a tray assembly, which abuts against the surrounding rock, one end of the anchor cable is anchored in the surrounding rock, and the other end of the anchor cable passes through the tray assembly; an anchor unanchoring assembly, which is sleeved on the outside of the anchor cable, the anchor unanchoring assembly abuts against the tray assembly, and the anchor unanchoring assembly is detachable; a lock, which is sleeved on the outside of the anchor cable, the lock abuts against the anchor unanchoring assembly, so as to lock the anchor cable, the anchor unanchoring assembly and the tray assembly; The anchor removal assembly includes: an anchor removal member, which is sleeved on the outside of the anchor cable and located between the lock and the tray assembly. The anchor removal member is detachable and is provided with an injection hole, which is used to inject liquid metal gallium. An annular groove is provided inside the anchor removal member, and the annular groove is connected to the injection hole. The anchor removal member is also provided with a plurality of flow channels, which are arranged along the circumference of the anchor removal member and flow with the annular groove.

2. The method for anchor cable unanchoring using an anchor cable unanchoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An exhaust hole is provided on the surface of the anchor removal member, and the exhaust hole is communicated with the annular groove.

3. The method for anchor cable unanchoring using an anchor cable unanchoring device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The anchor withdrawal assembly also includes: A plurality of gaskets are respectively sandwiched between the anchor undocking member and the tray assembly, and between the anchor undocking member and the lock.

4. The method for anchor cable unanchoring using an anchor cable unanchoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lock comprises: A cylindrical member, wherein the cylindrical member is sleeved on the outside of the anchor cable, the cylindrical member abuts against the anchor withdrawal assembly, and the inner wall of the cylindrical member is provided with a first inclined surface; A plurality of wedge-shaped members are inserted into the cylindrical member, the first surface of the wedge-shaped member is provided with a second inclined surface matching the first inclined surface, the wedge-shaped member has a second surface opposite to the first surface, and the second surface abuts against the anchor cable.

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