Touch sensor and touch display module

Abstract

A touch sensor and a touch display module. The touch sensor has a visible area and a peripheral area disposed on at least one side of the visible area, and includes a substrate and a first touch electrode layer. The substrate is provided with a hole area corresponding to be located within the visible area, and the hole area has a first edge. The first touch electrode layer is disposed on the substrate and corresponds to be located within the visible area. The first touch electrode layer includes first electrode lines extending in a first direction, and the first electrode lines have a first portion close to the hole area and a second portion far from the hole area in the first direction, wherein the first portion of the first electrode lines is connected to the second portion of the first electrode lines, and the first portion of the first electrode lines is adjacent to the first edge along the contour of the hole area. Thus, when the above touch sensor is integrated into a touch display module having an optical function, the requirements of the narrow bezel design of the touch display module can be met, and the touch function can be well maintained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a touch sensor and a touch display module including the touch sensor described above. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of technology, various electronic devices (such as mobile phones, tablet computers, etc.) have integrated touch display functions. The display surface of an electronic device includes a visible area and a peripheral area. The peripheral area is usually disposed around the visible area and its range is defined by arranging a shielding layer to block some peripheral leads and components corresponding to the peripheral area in the electronic device.

[0003] For example, the peripheral leads of the touch panel of an electronic device are correspondingly disposed in the peripheral area to avoid being visible and affecting the visual effect. In addition, the electronic device usually also has optical components, such as a front camera, a light sensor, etc. These optical components are also disposed in the peripheral area and will occupy more area of the peripheral area. In this way, it is easy to cause the size of the peripheral area not to be reduced, and thus the narrow bezel design requirement of the electronic device cannot be met. Further, due to the problem of mechanical interference caused by the setting of the optical components, the circuit layout of the touch panel will be affected. Therefore, providing a touch panel that can maintain the touch sensing function while meeting the narrow bezel requirement of the electronic device is one of the current development directions. Summary of the Invention

[0004] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the touch sensor has a visible area and a peripheral area disposed on at least one side of the visible area, and includes a substrate and a first touch electrode layer. The substrate is provided with a hole area corresponding to the visible area, and the hole area has a first edge. The first touch electrode layer is disposed on the substrate and corresponds to the visible area. The first touch electrode layer includes first electrode lines extending in a first direction, and the first electrode lines have a first portion close to the hole area and a second portion far from the hole area in the first direction, wherein the first portion of the first electrode line connects the second portion of the first electrode line, and the first portion of the first electrode line is adjacent to the first edge along the contour of the hole area.

[0005] In some embodiments, the first touch electrode layer includes a matrix and metal nanostructures distributed in the matrix.

[0006] In some embodiments, the hole area further has a second edge, and part of the second edge and part of the first edge are located on opposite sides of the hole area.

[0007] In some embodiments, the first touch electrode layer further includes a second electrode line extending in a first direction. The second electrode line is adjacent to and spaced from the first electrode line, and has a first portion close to the hole region and a second portion far from the hole region in the first direction. The first portion of the second electrode line is connected to the second portion of the second electrode line, and the first portion of the second electrode line is disposed adjacent to the second edge along the contour of the hole region.

[0008] In some embodiments, the distance between the first portion of the first electrode line and the first portion of the second electrode line is greater than the distance between the second portion of the first electrode line and the second portion of the second electrode line.

[0009] In some embodiments, at least a portion of the first portion of the first electrode line and at least a portion of the first portion of the second electrode line are separated by the hole region.

[0010] In some embodiments, the second portion of the first electrode line and the second portion of the second electrode line are substantially parallel.

[0011] In some embodiments, the distance between the first portion of the first electrode line and the first edge of the hole region is between 100 microns and 400 microns, and the distance between the first portion of the second electrode line and the second edge of the hole region is between 100 microns and 400 microns.

[0012] In some embodiments, the connection between the first portion and the second portion of the first electrode line has a rounded corner, and the connection between the first portion and the second portion of the second electrode line has a rounded corner.

[0013] In some embodiments, the first electrode line includes a plurality of spaced-apart branch lines, and the branch lines are connected in parallel.

[0014] In some embodiments, when the plurality of branch lines simultaneously encounter interference from the hole region in the first direction, the plurality of branch lines merge into one and are disposed adjacent to the first edge of the hole region along the contour of the hole region.

[0015] In some embodiments, the first electrode line of the first touch electrode layer further has a third portion. The second portion and the third portion of the first electrode line form two branch lines of the first electrode line, and the third portion is connected to the first portion of the first electrode line, so that the first portion of the first electrode line is the portion where the plurality of branch lines merge into one.

[0016] In some embodiments, the touch sensor further includes a second touch electrode layer, and the substrate has opposite first and second surfaces, wherein the first touch electrode layer and the second touch electrode layer are respectively disposed on the first surface and the second surface of the substrate; alternatively, the first touch electrode layer and the second touch electrode layer are both disposed on one side of the first surface or the second surface of the substrate and are electrically insulated through an insulating layer.

[0017] In some embodiments, the second touch electrode layer includes fifth electrode lines extending in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, and the fifth electrode lines have a first portion close to the hole region and a second portion far from the hole region in the second direction, wherein the first portion of the fifth electrode lines is connected to the second portion of the fifth electrode lines, and the first portion of the fifth electrode lines is adjacent to the edge of the hole region along the contour of the hole region.

[0018] According to some other embodiments of the present disclosure, the touch display module includes a display panel and the above touch sensor, and the touch sensor is disposed on the display panel.

[0019] In some embodiments, the touch display module further includes a cover plate disposed on the touch sensor.

[0020] In some embodiments, the touch display module further includes a polarizing layer disposed between the display panel and the touch sensor or between the touch sensor and the cover plate.

[0021] In some embodiments, the display panel is provided with a hole corresponding to the hole region.

[0022] In some embodiments, the touch display module further includes an optical component received in the hole.

[0023] According to the above embodiments of the present disclosure, since the touch sensor of the present disclosure has a hole region corresponding to the visible area, when the above touch sensor is integrated into a touch display module with optical functions, the optical component (for example, a lens) of the touch display module can be set corresponding to the hole region. In this way, the space for setting the optical component in the peripheral area can be saved, and the requirement of the narrow bezel design of the touch display module can be met. In addition, since the optical component of the touch display module is correspondingly disposed in the visible area, the peripheral circuit of the touch sensor located in the peripheral area does not need to avoid the optical component, and the bending of the peripheral area is not restricted by the optical component, so that the touch sensor can achieve more diverse bending designs. On the other hand, through the layout of the touch electrodes and the design of the electrode patterns in the touch electrode layer, the touch electrodes can still maintain good touch functions while bypassing the hole region. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] To make the above and other objects, features, advantages and embodiments of the present disclosure more apparent and understandable, the accompanying drawings are described as follows:

[0025] Figure 1 A schematic top view of a touch sensor according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown;

[0026] Figure 2A Some embodiments of the present disclosure are shown Figure 1 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of the touch sensor area R1;

[0027] Figure 2B and Figure 2C Some other embodiments of the present disclosure are shown Figure 1 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of the touch sensor area R1;

[0028] Figure 3 A schematic top view of a touch sensor according to some other embodiments of the present disclosure is shown;

[0029] Figure 4 Some embodiments of the present disclosure are shown Figure 3 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of the touch sensor area R2;

[0030] Figure 5A A schematic cross-sectional view of a touch display module according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown; and

[0031] Figure 5B Schematic cross-sectional views of touch display modules according to other embodiments of the present disclosure are shown.

[0032]

Explanation of symbols

[0033] 100,100a: touch sensor

[0034] 110:Substrate

[0035] 120: first touch sensing layer

[0036] 122: Second touch sensing layer

[0037] 130: Peripheral circuit layer

[0038] 200,200a: Touch display module

[0039] 210: Display panel

[0040] 220: Cover

[0041] 230: Polarizing layer

[0042] 240: Protective layer

[0043] VA: visual area

[0044] PA: Peripheral Area

[0045] R1, R2: Regions

[0046] L: Electrode Line

[0047] L1: First Electrode Line

[0048] L2: Second Electrode Line

[0049] L3: Third Electrode Line

[0050] L4: Fourth Electrode Line

[0051] L5: Fifth Electrode Line

[0052] L6: Sixth Electrode Line

[0053] L11, L21, L31, L51, L61: First Part

[0054] L12, L22, L32, L52, L62: Second Part

[0055] L13, L23, L53: Third Part

[0056] H: Hole Position Area

[0057] W: Width

[0058] S1: First Edge

[0059] S2: Second Edge

[0060] S3: Third Edge

[0061] B: Bend

[0062] X1, X2: Line Length

[0063] A1~A4, A7~A9: Distances

[0064] O1~O3: Holes

[0065] D1: First Direction

[0066] D2: Second Direction Specific Embodiments

[0067] The following will disclose multiple embodiments of the present disclosure with reference to the accompanying drawings. For the sake of clarity, many practical details will be described together in the following description. However, it should be understood that these practical details should not be used to limit the present disclosure. That is to say, in some embodiments of the present disclosure, these practical details are not necessary and thus should not be used to limit the present disclosure. In addition, for the purpose of simplifying the drawings, some well-known conventional structures and elements will be shown in a simple schematic manner in the drawings. Additionally, for the convenience of the reader, the dimensions of the elements in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale.

[0068] It should be understood that although the terms "first", "second", and "third", etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, components, regions, layers, and / or parts, these elements, components, regions, and / or parts should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element, component, region, layer, or part from another element, component, region, layer, or part. Thus, the "first element", "component", "region", "layer", or "part" described hereinafter may also be referred to as the second element, component, region, layer, or part without departing from the teachings herein.

[0069] It should be understood that relative terms such as "lower" or "bottom" and "upper" or "top" may be used herein to describe the relationship between one element and another element, as shown in the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in addition to the orientation shown in the figures. For example, if the device in one drawing is flipped, the element described as on the "lower" side of other elements will be oriented on the "upper" side of other elements. Thus, the exemplary term "lower" can include both the "lower" and "upper" orientations, depending on the specific orientation of the drawing. Similarly, if the device in one drawing is flipped, the element described as "lower" or "beneath" other elements will be oriented as "above" other elements. Thus, the exemplary term "lower" or "beneath" can include both the upper and lower orientations.

[0070] The present disclosure provides a touch sensor having a hole position area corresponding to be located within the visible area and a touch display module integrated with the above touch sensor. When the above touch sensor is integrated into the touch display module, the optical components of the touch display module can be arranged corresponding to the hole position area. Thereby, the space for arranging the optical components in the peripheral area can be saved, and further the requirement of the narrow bezel design of the touch display module can be met. In addition, through the layout of the touch electrodes in the touch electrode layer and the design of the electrode pattern, the touch electrodes can still maintain good touch functions while bypassing the hole position area.

[0071] Figure 1The top view schematic diagram of the touch sensor 100 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown. The touch sensor 100 includes a substrate 110, a first touch electrode layer 120, and a peripheral circuit layer 130. The touch sensor 100 has a visible area VA and a peripheral area PA, and the peripheral area PA is disposed on the side of the visible area VA. For example, the peripheral area PA may be a frame-shaped area disposed around the visible area VA (covering the right side, left side, upper side, and lower side). As another example, the peripheral area PA may also be an L-shaped area disposed on the left side and the lower side of the visible area VA. In some embodiments, the substrate 110 is configured to carry the first touch electrode layer 120 and the peripheral circuit layer 130, and may be, for example, a rigid transparent substrate or a flexible transparent substrate. Specifically, the material of the substrate 110 may include, for example, but not limited to, transparent materials such as glass, acrylic, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, polycarbonate, polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, cycloolefin polymer, cycloolefin copolymer, colorless polyimide, or a combination thereof.

[0072] In some embodiments, the substrate 110 is provided with a hole area H corresponding to the inside of the visible area VA. When the touch sensor 100 of the present disclosure is integrated into a device with an optical function (for example, a display, a portable phone, or a tablet computer), the optical component of the device can be installed at a position corresponding to the hole area H, that is, there is no need to reserve a space for setting the optical component at the position of the device corresponding to the peripheral area PA, thereby meeting the requirements of the narrow bezel design of the device. Compared with the conventional device in which the optical component is correspondingly disposed in the peripheral area PA, the device of the present disclosure can reduce the bezel size (for example, the width of the peripheral area PA) by about 150% or more. Specifically, when the touch sensor 100 of the present disclosure is integrated into a device with an optical function, the width of the peripheral area PA of the device can be designed to be about 1 to 3 millimeters. It should be understood that the hole area H of the substrate 110 of the present disclosure may be a solid area corresponding to the setting of the optical component, or may be a through hole corresponding to the setting of the optical component. Specific details and features regarding the hole area H will be described in more detail below.

[0073] In some embodiments, the first touch electrode layer 120 is disposed on the substrate 110 and corresponds to the visible area VA, and the peripheral circuit layer 130 is disposed on the substrate 110 and corresponds to the peripheral area PA. In some embodiments, after being patterned, the first touch electrode layer 120 may include a plurality of long strip-shaped electrode lines L extending along a first direction D1, and the plurality of long strip-shaped electrode lines L may be arranged at intervals along a second direction D2, where the first direction D1 and the second direction D2 are perpendicular to each other. In addition, the first touch electrode layer 120 may further extend to the peripheral area PA and contact the peripheral circuit layer 130 to form an electrical connection.

[0074] In some embodiments, the first touch electrode layer 120 may include a matrix and a plurality of metal nanowires (also referred to as metal nanostructures) distributed in the matrix. In some embodiments, the matrix may include a polymer or a mixture thereof, thereby imparting specific chemical, mechanical, and optical properties to the metal nanowires. For example, the matrix may provide good adhesion between the metal nanowires and the substrate 110. As another example, the matrix may provide good mechanical strength to the metal nanowires. In some embodiments, the matrix may include a specific polymer to provide additional scratch and wear resistance surface protection to the metal nanowires, thereby enhancing the surface strength of the first touch electrode layer 120. The above specific polymer may be, for example, polyacrylate, polyurethane, epoxy resin, poly(silicon-acrylic acid), polysiloxane, polysilane, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the matrix may further include a crosslinking agent, a polymerization inhibitor, a stabilizer (such as, but not limited to, an antioxidant or an ultraviolet light stabilizer), a surfactant, or any combination thereof, thereby enhancing the ultraviolet resistance of the first touch electrode layer 120 and extending its service life.

[0075] It should be understood that the term "metal nanowire" used herein is a collective noun, which refers to a collection of metal wires including a plurality of metal elements, metal alloys, or metal compounds (including metal oxides), and the number of metal nanowires contained therein does not affect the scope of protection claimed in this disclosure. In some embodiments, the cross-sectional size (e.g., the diameter of the cross-section) of a single metal nanowire may be less than 500 nm, preferably less than 100 nm, and more preferably less than 50 nm. In some embodiments, the metal nanowires have a large aspect ratio (i.e., length: diameter of the cross-section). Specifically, the aspect ratio of the metal nanowires may be between 10 and 100,000. More specifically, the aspect ratio of the metal nanowires may be greater than 10, preferably greater than 50, and more preferably greater than 100. In addition, other terms such as silk, fiber, or tube, etc. also have the above cross-sectional size and aspect ratio, and are also within the scope covered by this disclosure.

[0076] Figure 2A Illustrating a partial enlarged schematic view of region R1 of the touch sensor 100 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. Please also refer to Figure 1 of Figure 1 and Figure 2A。In some embodiments, each electrode line L may extend from the upper boundary of the visible area VA to the lower boundary of the visible area VA along the first direction D1, and may be arranged at intervals within the visible area VA along the second direction D2. In some embodiments, the line width of each electrode line L may be between 1 micron and 200 microns, and the distance between adjacent electrode lines L (i.e., the line pitch) may be between 10 microns and 400 microns, so as to have a lower line resistance value and a higher light transmittance. As described above, since the substrate 110 of the touch sensor 100 has a hole area H corresponding to being located within the visible area VA, the electrode line L adjacent to the hole area H may be configured to have good compatibility with the hole area H. More specifically, the electrode line L adjacent to the hole area H may be specially configured to avoid blocking the hole area H, and may also be specially configured to maintain the line resistance value required by the design. The specific configuration manner of each electrode line L and the correlation between this configuration manner and the above-mentioned effects will be described in more detail below.

[0077] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2A the configuration, the first touch electrode layer 120 includes a first electrode line L1 adjacent to the hole area H. In some embodiments, the first electrode line L1 has a first portion L11 closer to the hole area H and a second portion L12 farther from the hole area H in the first direction D1, and the first portion L11 and the second portion L12 are connected to each other. More specifically, the first portion L11 of the first electrode line L1 is directly adjacent to the first edge S1 of the hole area H and is adjacent to the first edge S1 of the hole area H along the contour of the hole area H, while the second portion L12 of the first electrode line L1 is not directly adjacent to the first edge S1 of the hole area H and generally presents a straight-line form. It should be noted that the "two elements (or two portions) are directly adjacent" described herein means that there are no other elements (or other portions) between the two elements (or two portions). In some embodiments, the first electrode line L1 may have two second portions L12 respectively connected to the two ends of the first portion L11 in the first direction D1, and the two second portions L12 are substantially aligned with each other in the first direction D1.

[0078] In some embodiments, the first electrode line L1 includes a plurality of branch lines arranged at intervals, and these branch lines are connected in parallel. Specifically, the first electrode line L1 further has a third portion L13, and the second portion L12 and the third portion L13 of the first electrode line L1 form two branch lines of the first electrode line L1. That is to say, the second portion L12 and the third portion L13 of the first electrode line L1 are arranged in parallel and at intervals, and are connected in parallel (that is, the second portion L12 and the third portion L13 of the first electrode line L1 are connected to the same peripheral line). On the other hand, when these branch lines are simultaneously interfered by the hole region H in the first direction D1, these branch lines merge into one and are adjacent to the first edge S1 of the hole region H along the contour of the hole region H. Specifically, the third portion L13 of the first electrode line L1 is connected to the first portion L11 of the first electrode line L1, so that when the second portion L12 and the third portion L13 of the first electrode line L1 are simultaneously interfered by the hole region H, the second portion L12 and the third portion L13 of the first electrode line L1 can be combined into the first portion L11 of the first electrode line L1 to be adjacent to the first edge S1 of the hole region H along the contour of the hole region H. That is to say, the first portion L11 of the first electrode line L1 is the portion where these branch lines (that is, the second portion L12 and the third portion L13 of the first electrode line L1) merge into one. In some embodiments, the first electrode line L1 may have two third portions L13 respectively connected to the two ends of the first portion L11 in the first direction D1, and the two third portions L13 are substantially aligned with each other in the first direction D1.

[0079] In some embodiments, the first touch electrode layer 120 further includes a second electrode line L2 adjacent to the hole region H. The second electrode line L2 also has a first portion L21 closer to the hole region H and a second portion L22 farther from the hole region H in the first direction D1, and the first portion L21 and the second portion L22 are connected to each other. In some embodiments, the hole region H further has a second edge S2, and a part of the second edge S2 and a part of the first edge S1 are located on opposite sides of the hole region H. The first portion L21 of the second electrode line L2 is directly adjacent to the second edge S2 of the hole region H and is disposed adjacent to the second edge S2 of the hole region H along the contour of the hole region H, while the second portion L22 of the second electrode line L2 is not directly adjacent to the second edge S2 of the hole region H and is substantially in a straight line form. In other words, at least a part of the first portion L11 of the first electrode line L1 and at least a part of the first portion L21 of the second electrode line L2 are spaced apart by the hole region H. In some embodiments, the second portion L22 of the second electrode line L2 is substantially parallel to the second portion L12 of the first electrode line L1 (for example, extending in the first direction D1 and parallel to each other). Based on the above, the second electrode line L2 and the first electrode line L1 can be arranged to bypass the hole region H to avoid blocking the hole region H and the optical components disposed corresponding to the hole region H.

[0080] In some embodiments, the second electrode line L2 includes a plurality of branch lines arranged at intervals, and these branch lines are connected in parallel. Specifically, the second electrode line L2 further has a third portion L23. The connection of the first portion L21 and the second portion L22 of the second electrode line L2 forms one branch line of the second electrode line L2, while the third portion L23 forms another branch line of the second electrode line L2, and the two branch lines are arranged at intervals. It should be noted that since the two branch lines of the second electrode line L2 do not encounter interference from the hole region H simultaneously when extending in the first direction D1, the two branch lines of the second electrode line L2 do not need to adopt a combined design.

[0081] In some embodiments, the maximum width W of the hole region H in the second direction D2 is greater than the distance A2 between the second portion L12 of the first electrode line L1 and the second portion L22 of the second electrode line L2. Therefore, when the first electrode line L1 and the second electrode line L2 are arranged to bypass the hole region H, the distance A1 between the first portion L11 of the first electrode line L1 and the first portion L21 of the second electrode line L2 is greater than the distance A2 between the second portion L12 of the first electrode line L1 and the second portion L22 of the second electrode line L2. In Figure 2A the embodiments, since the hole region H has a circular shape, the maximum width W of the hole region H is the diameter of the circle.

[0082] In some embodiments, there is also a third edge S3 between the first edge S1 and the second edge S2 of the hole area H, and the first edge S1, the second edge S2, and the third edge S3 can be connected to each other to jointly enclose the hole area H in a closed shape. In some embodiments, the third edge S3 of the hole area H can be exposed from the space between the first electrode line L1 and the second electrode line L2. More specifically, the first part L11 of the first electrode line L1 and the first part L21 of the second electrode line L2 are not adjacent to the third edge S3 of the hole area H along the contour of the hole area H. In other words, the first electrode line L1 and the second electrode line L2 are only adjacent to some edges of the hole area H along the contour of the hole area H. In some embodiments, the first part L11 of the first electrode line L1 and the first part L21 of the second electrode line L2 can have different line lengths. For example, the line length X1 of the first part L11 of the first electrode line L1 can be greater than the line length X2 of the first part L21 of the second electrode line L2, and in this case, the length of the first edge S1 is greater than the length of the second edge S2 (such as Figure 2A embodiments).

[0083] In some embodiments, the connection between the first part L11 and the second part L12 of the first electrode line L1 can have a rounded corner, and the connection between the first part L21 and the second part L22 of the second electrode line L2 can also have a rounded corner. Through the design of the rounded corners, it is possible to avoid excessive heat generation due to current concentration at the above-mentioned connection points (i.e., near the hole area H) of the first electrode line L1 and the second electrode line L2, thereby reducing the occurrence of thermal effects to maintain the normal touch sensing function. In some embodiments, the distance A3 between the first part L11 of the first electrode line L1 and the first edge S1 of the hole area H is between 100 micrometers and 400 micrometers, and the distance A4 between the first part L21 of the second electrode line L2 and the second edge S1 of the hole area H is between 100 micrometers and 400 micrometers. The setting of the above distances can enable the touch sensor 100 to have both touch resolution, reliability, and production yield. Specifically, when the above distance is less than 100 micrometers, in addition to possibly increasing the difficulty of patterning the first part L11 of the first electrode line L1 and the first part L21 of the second electrode line L2, resulting in a reduction in production yield, it may also be impossible to pass the reliability test because the first part L11 of the first electrode line L1 and the first part L21 of the second electrode line L2 are too close to the hole area H; when the above distance is greater than 400 micrometers, it may cause the arrangement of the electrode lines L near the hole area H to be too sparse to provide a touch function, reducing the touch resolution.

[0084] In some embodiments, the first touch electrode layer 120 may further include a third electrode line L3 directly adjacent to the first electrode line L1 on a side of the first electrode line L1 relative to the second electrode line L2. The third electrode line L3 includes a first portion L31 and a second portion L32 connected to each other, wherein the first portion L31 of the third electrode line L3 is adjacent to the first portion L11 of the first electrode line L1, and the second portion L32 of the third electrode line L3 is adjacent to the third portion L13 of the first electrode line L1. In some embodiments, the first portion L31 of the third electrode line L3 extends substantially along the first portion L11 of the first electrode line L1, and the second portion L32 of the third electrode line L3 may be substantially parallel to the third portion L13 of the first electrode line L1. Compared to the first electrode line L1, the third electrode line L3 is farther from the hole area H and does not encounter interference from the hole area H when extending in the first direction D1. Therefore, the third electrode line L3 is designed to extend smoothly from the first electrode line L1 while maintaining the required distance for touch sensing. The first portion L31 of the third electrode line L3 has a smaller curvature than the first portion L11 of the first electrode line L1 (i.e., it is closer to a straight line). Furthermore, the connection between the first portion L31 and the second portion L32 of the third electrode line L3 may have rounded corners to prevent excessive heat generation due to current concentration at the connection, thereby reducing the occurrence of thermal effects.

[0085] In some embodiments, the first touch electrode layer 120 further includes a fourth electrode line L4 directly adjacent to the second electrode line L2 on a side of the second electrode line L2 relative to the first electrode line L1. Since the fourth electrode line L4 does not encounter interference from the hole area H when extending in the first direction D1 and can maintain the distance required for touch sensing from (the third portion L23 of) the second electrode line L2, the fourth electrode line L4 maintains a straight line extending along the first direction D1.

[0086] It should be understood that, in addition to the aforementioned multiple electrode lines L (i.e., the first electrode line L1 to the fourth electrode line L4) adjacent to the hole area H, the other multiple electrode lines L in the first touch-sensitive electrical layer 120 that are farther away from the hole area H can be arranged at intervals along the second direction D2 on the side of the third electrode line L3 facing away from the hole area H and the side of the fourth electrode line L4 facing away from the hole area H, and each electrode line L substantially has a straight line shape.

[0087] It should be noted that although the first electrode line L1 in this embodiment adopts a design in which two branch lines are combined into one, this will result in a higher line resistance value of the first electrode line L1 than that of other electrode lines (for example, the second electrode line L2) that do not adopt the design of combining branch lines into one. However, the first touch electrode layer 120 can adopt a conductive layer of a metal nanowire layer with a lower surface resistance specification, so that the line resistance values of the electrode lines L of the first touch electrode layer 120 can be maintained near the lower limit of the detectable range of a controller. In this way, even if the first electrode line L1 has a higher line resistance value due to the design of combining two branch lines into one, it can still be maintained within the detectable range of the controller.

[0088] Figure 2B and Figure 2C illustrates a partial enlarged schematic view of the region R1 of the touch sensor 100 according to some other embodiments of the present disclosure. It should be understood that Figure 1 the touch sensors 100 of Figure 2B and Figure 2C have substantially the same component configurations, connection relationships, materials, and functions, so they will not be described in detail here. Only the differences will be described in detail below. In addition, for the sake of simplifying the drawings, Figure 2A and Figure 2B and Figure 2C some electrode lines L are omitted, and only the first electrode line L1 closest to the hole region H and a part of the second electrode line L2 are retained.

[0089] Please first refer to Figure 2B , the touch sensor 100 shown therein and Figure 2A the touch sensor 100 of Figure 2B at least one difference lies in the shape of the hole region H. Specifically,

[0090] Please then refer to Figure 2C , the touch sensor 100 shown therein and Figure 2A the touch sensor 100 ofFigure 2C The hole region H in the touch sensor 100 has a pill shape. More specifically, the above-mentioned pill shape includes a rectangle and two semi-circles, and the two semi-circles sandwich the rectangle therebetween. In the present embodiment, the first part L11 of the first electrode line L1 and the first part L21 of the second electrode line L2 are respectively adjacent to the first edge S1 and the second edge S2 of the hole region H along the contour of the hole region H to form a shape similar to a pill. Since in the present embodiment, the hole region H has a pill shape, the first part L11 of the first electrode line L1 and the first part L21 of the second electrode line L2 are each a smooth curve (i.e., without sharp corners). In this way, it is possible to avoid excessive heat generation due to current concentration in the first electrode line L1 and the second electrode line L2, thereby reducing the occurrence of thermal effects to maintain normal touch sensing functions.

[0091] It should be understood that Figures 2A to 2C the shape of the hole region H shown is only an exemplary embodiment and should not limit the present disclosure. In other embodiments, the hole region H may also have other suitable shapes (such as an ellipse or a polygon, etc.), and each electrode line L may also be appropriately arranged in accordance with the shape of the hole region H. In the following description, touch sensors according to other embodiments of the present disclosure will be described.

[0092] Figure 3 A top view schematic diagram of a touch sensor 100a according to other embodiments of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 4 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of the region R2 of the touch sensor 100a according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown. Please also refer to Figure 3 and Figure 3 and Figure 4 . In Figure 3 and Figure 4In the embodiment, the touch sensor 100a further includes a second touch electrode layer 122, and the first touch electrode layer 120 and the second touch electrode layer 122 are configured with a double-sided single-layer electrode structure. More specifically, the first touch electrode layer 120 is disposed on the first surface (e.g., the upper surface) of the substrate 110, and the second touch electrode layer 122 is disposed on the second surface (e.g., the lower surface) of the substrate 110, so that the first touch electrode layer 120 and the second touch electrode layer 122 are electrically insulated from each other. In some embodiments, the second touch electrode layer 122 also has an electrode pattern formed by arranging a plurality of electrode lines L, and both the aforementioned metal nanowires and the matrix exist in each electrode line L of the second touch electrode layer 122. In some embodiments, each electrode line L of the second touch electrode layer 122 can extend from the left boundary of the visible area VA to the right boundary of the visible area VA along the second direction D2, and is arranged at intervals within the visible area VA along the first direction D1. In other words, the electrode lines L of the first touch electrode layer 120 and the electrode lines L of the second touch electrode layer 122 extend in different directions and are vertically staggered with each other. In this way, touch sensing can be performed by detecting the signal change (e.g., capacitance change) between the first touch electrode layer 120 and the second touch electrode layer 122.

[0093] In some embodiments, the second touch electrode layer 122 includes a fifth electrode line L5 and a sixth electrode line L6 adjacent to opposite sides of the hole area H. The fifth electrode line L5 and the sixth electrode line L6 each have a first portion L51, L61 closer to the hole area H and a second portion L52, L62 farther from the hole area H in the second direction D2. The first portion L51 of the fifth electrode line L5 is connected to the second portion L52, and the first portion L61 of the sixth electrode line L6 is also connected to the second portion L62. Since the fifth electrode line L5 and the sixth electrode line L6 of the second touch electrode layer 122 extend along the second direction D2, the first portions L51, L61 of the fifth electrode line L5 and the sixth electrode line L6 are adjacent to the third edge S3 of the hole area H and part of the first edge S1 and the second edge S2 along the contour of the hole area H. It should be understood that the difference between the second touch electrode layer 122 and the first touch electrode layer 120 lies only in the extension direction and the arrangement direction, and their component configurations, connection relationships, materials, and functions are substantially the same, so they will not be described in detail here. For example, the fifth electrode line L5 and the sixth electrode line L6 of the second touch electrode layer 122 respectively have the same component configurations, connection relationships, materials, and functions as the first electrode line L1 and the second electrode line L2 of the first touch electrode layer 120.

[0094] On the other hand, to meet the requirements of capacitive sensing, the first touch electrode layer 120 and the second touch electrode layer 122 are partially staggered (i.e., not completely overlapped) in the extending direction perpendicular to the substrate 110. Taking the first electrode line L1 and the second electrode line L2 of the first touch electrode layer 120 and the fifth electrode line L5 and the sixth electrode line L6 of the second touch electrode layer 122 as an example, the second parts L12 and L22 of the first electrode line L1 and the second electrode line L2 respectively partially overlap the first parts L51 and L61 of the fifth electrode line L5 and the sixth electrode line L6; while the first parts L11 and L21 of the first electrode line L1 and the second electrode line L2 are completely staggered from the first parts L51 and L61 of the fifth electrode line L5 and the sixth electrode line L6 respectively. In some embodiments, the distance A8 between the first parts L51 and L61 of the fifth electrode line L5 and the sixth electrode line L6 respectively and the edge of the hole region H can be greater than the distance A7 between the first parts L11 and L21 of the first electrode line L1 and the second electrode line L2 respectively and the edge of the hole region H.

[0095] It should be noted that although not shown in the drawings, Figure 3 the touch sensor 100a with a double-sided single-layer electrode structure may also have a rectangular and pill-shaped hole region H as described above Figure 2B and Figure 2C shown. On the other hand, the touch sensor 100a of the present disclosure may also adopt a single-sided double-layer electrode structure. Specifically, the first touch electrode layer 120 and the second touch electrode layer 122 are both disposed on the side of the first surface or the second surface of the substrate 110 and are electrically insulated through an insulating layer. It should be understood that the element connection relationships, materials, and functions described above will not be repeated here for the sake of brevity. In the following description, the touch sensor 100 Figure 1 and Figure 2A shown in the drawings will be taken as an example to further illustrate the manufacturing method of the touch sensor 100.

[0096] In some embodiments, the manufacturing method of the touch sensor 100 includes steps S10 to S14, and steps S10 to S14 may be performed sequentially. In step S10, a substrate 110 is provided, where the substrate 110 has a first region and a second region corresponding to the visible area VA and the peripheral area PA respectively, and a hole region H is provided in the first region of the substrate 110. In step S12, a conductive layer is formed on the first region of the substrate 110. In step S14, the conductive layer is patterned to form the first touch electrode layer 120 such that the first touch electrode layer 120 has a first electrode line L1 and a second electrode line L2, and a part of the first electrode line L1 and a part of the second electrode line L2 are adjacent to the edge of the hole region H along the contour of the hole region H. In the following description, the above steps will be described in more detail.

[0097] First, in step S10, a substrate 110 is provided, where the substrate 110 has a first region and a second region corresponding to the visual area VA and the peripheral area PA respectively, and a hole area H is provided in the first region of the substrate 110. In some embodiments, the distance A9 between the edge of the hole area H and the boundary between the first region and the second region is at least more than 100 micrometers. In this way, a certain distance can be ensured between the hole area H and the boundary to provide space for arranging at least one electrode line L sufficient for touch sensing and maintain the touch resolution. Specifically, when the above distance A9 is less than 100 micrometers, it may cause the conductive layer between the hole area H and the boundary to be insufficient or difficult to pattern the conductive layer, thereby affecting the integrity of the electrode pattern near the hole area H and reducing the touch resolution.

[0098] Next, in step S12, a conductive layer containing at least metal nanowires (for example, a nano silver wire layer, a nano gold wire layer, a nano copper wire layer or a nano nickel wire layer) is coated on the first region of the substrate 110. In some embodiments, a dispersion or slurry having metal nanowires can be formed on the substrate 110 by coating and then cured / dried so that the metal nanowires adhere to the surface of the substrate 110 and are then formed into a conductive layer provided on the first region of the substrate 110. After the above curing / drying step, substances such as solvents in the dispersion or slurry will volatilize, and the metal nanowires can be randomly distributed on the surface of the substrate 110; or preferably, the metal nanowires can be fixed on the surface of the substrate 110 without falling off, thereby forming a conductive layer, and the metal nanowires in the conductive layer can contact each other to provide a continuous current path, thereby forming a conductive network. In other words, the metal nanowires contact each other at the crossing positions to form a path for transmitting electrons.

[0099] In some embodiments, the dispersion or slurry includes a solvent to uniformly disperse the metal nanowires therein. Specifically, the solvent is, for example, water, alcohols, ketones, ethers, hydrocarbons, aromatic solvents (such as benzene, toluene or xylene, etc.) or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the dispersion may further include additives, surfactants and / or adhesives to improve the compatibility between the metal nanowires and the solvent and the stability of the metal nanowires in the solvent. Specifically, the additives, surfactants and / or adhesives can be, for example, carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, sulfosuccinate sulfonate, sulfate, phosphate, fluorinated surfactants, disulfonates or a combination thereof. The dispersion or slurry containing metal nanowires can be formed on the surface of the substrate 110 in any manner, such as but not limited to processes such as screen printing, inkjet coating or roller coating. In some embodiments, a roll-to-roll process can be used to coat the dispersion or slurry including metal nanowires on the surface of the continuously supplied substrate 110.

[0100] In some embodiments, the metal nanowires can be further post-processed to improve the contact characteristics of the metal nanowires at the intersections (e.g., increase the contact area), thereby enhancing their conductivity. Such post-processing can include, but is not limited to, steps such as heating, plasma, corona discharge, ultraviolet light, ozone, or pressure. Specifically, after curing / drying to form the conductive layer, a roller can be used to apply pressure thereto. In some embodiments, one or more rollers can be used to apply pressure to the conductive layer. In some embodiments, the applied pressure can be between 50 psi and 3400 psi, preferably between 100 psi and 1000 psi, between 200 psi and 800 psi, or between 300 psi and 500 psi. In some embodiments, the post-processing of heating and pressurizing steps can be performed on the metal nanowires simultaneously. For example, a pressure of 10 psi to 500 psi (or preferably 40 psi to 100 psi) can be applied through the roller, and at the same time, the roller can be heated to 70 °C to 200 °C (or preferably 100 °C to 175 °C) to increase the conductivity of the metal nanowires. In some embodiments, the metal nanowires can also be exposed to a reducing agent for post-processing. For example, the metal nanowires composed of silver nanowires can preferably be exposed to a silver reducing agent for post-processing. In some embodiments, the silver reducing agent can include, for example, a borohydride such as sodium borohydride, a boron nitride compound such as dimethylamine borane, or a gaseous reducing agent such as hydrogen. In some embodiments, the exposure time can be between 10 seconds and 30 minutes, preferably between 1 minute and 10 minutes.

[0101] Subsequently, in step S14, a patterning step is performed to define a pattern in the conductive layer, thereby forming a first touch electrode layer 120 in the first region of the substrate 110. In some embodiments, the conductive layer adjacent to the hole region H can be patterned into a first electrode line L1 and a second electrode line L2 extending on both sides of the hole region H, and a part of the first electrode line L1 and a part of the second electrode line L2 are adjacent to the edge of the hole region H along the contour of the hole region H. In other words, when the patterning of the conductive layer encounters interference (or blockage) from the hole region H, the patterning of the conductive layer is performed along the contour of the edge of the hole region H. In some embodiments, the conductive layer that is relatively far from the hole region H can be patterned to form the third electrode line L3, the fourth electrode line L4, and each electrode line L substantially in a straight line form described above. The detailed description of each electrode line L can refer to the previous content and will not be elaborated here. In some embodiments, the patterning of the conductive layer can be performed by etching. When the metal nanowires in the conductive layer are silver nanowires, the etching solution can select components that can etch silver. For example, the main components of the etching solution can be H3PO4 (in a proportion of about 55% to about 70%) and HNO3 (in a proportion of about 5% to about 15%) to remove the silver metal material in the same process. In other embodiments, the main components of the etching solution can be ferric chloride / nitric acid or phosphoric acid / hydrogen peroxide, etc.

[0102] After performing step S14, step S16 can be selectively performed according to actual requirements to form a through hole in the hole region H of the substrate 110. In some embodiments, the through hole can be formed, for example, by stamping. After the above steps, the touch sensor 100 as shown in Figure 1 can be formed, where the hole region H can be a solid region or a through hole.

[0103] In some variant embodiments, different process sequences may be adopted to fabricate the touch sensor 100 of the present disclosure, so as to fabricate a touch sensor 100 in which the hole region H of the substrate 110 is a through hole. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the manufacturing method of the touch sensor 100 includes steps S20 to S26, and steps S20 to S26 may be carried out in sequence. In step S20, a substrate 110 is provided, wherein the substrate 110 has a first region and a second region corresponding to the visible region VA and the peripheral region PA respectively, and a hole region H is provided in the first region of the substrate 110. In step S22, a conductive layer is formed on the first region of the substrate 110. In step S24, the hole region H is formed into a through hole, and at this time, a hole corresponding to the through hole is formed in the conductive layer. In step S26, the conductive layer is patterned to form a first touch electrode layer 120, such that the first touch electrode layer 120 has a first electrode line L1 and a second electrode line L2, and a part of the first electrode line L1 and a part of the second electrode line L2 are adjacent to the edge of the through hole along the contour of the through hole. In the following description, only the adjusted steps will be described, and the remaining omitted parts can be referred to the description of the foregoing embodiment.

[0104] Since in steps S22 to S24, the conductive layer is first formed on the first region of the substrate 110, and then the through hole is formed in the substrate 110, a hole can be formed in the conductive layer corresponding to the through hole when the through hole is formed. In other words, the through hole of the substrate 110 and the hole of the conductive layer are formed in the same process. In some embodiments, the through hole of the substrate 110 and the hole of the conductive layer may be formed, for example, by stamping. On the other hand, in step S26, the size of the hole can be enlarged when the conductive layer is patterned, so that there is a certain distance between the first electrode line L1 and the second electrode line L2 formed by patterning and the through hole of the substrate 110. After the above steps, the touch sensor 100 of the present disclosure can also be formed, and the specific structure is as described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0105] In some other variant embodiments, different process sequences may also be adopted to fabricate the touch sensor 100 of the present disclosure. Specifically, the aforementioned step S22 and step S24 may be swapped with each other. In detail, in this embodiment, the manufacturing method of the touch sensor 100 includes steps S30 to S36, and steps S30 to S36 may be carried out in sequence. In step S30, a substrate 110 is provided, where the substrate 110 has a first region and a second region corresponding to the visible area VA and the peripheral area PA respectively, and a hole area H is provided in the first region of the substrate 110. In step S32, the hole area H is formed into a through hole. In step S34, a conductive layer is formed on the first region of the substrate 110. In step S36, the conductive layer is patterned to form a first touch electrode layer 120, such that the first touch electrode layer 120 has a first electrode line L1 and a second electrode line L2, and part of the first electrode line L1 and part of the second electrode line L2 are adjacent to the edge of the through hole along the contour of the through hole. In the following description, only the adjusted steps will be described, and the remaining omitted parts may refer to the description of the foregoing embodiment.

[0106] Since in steps S32 to S34, the through hole is first formed in the substrate 110, and then the conductive layer is formed on the first region of the substrate 110, there is no need to additionally form a hole in the conductive layer. In addition, when forming the conductive layer, the position of the through hole can be selectively avoided. After the above steps, the touch sensor 100 of the present disclosure can also be formed. Since the manufacturing methods of the touch sensor 100 provided by the present disclosure can all make the touch sensor 100 have a certain yield rate, the process sequence can be flexibly adjusted according to actual needs to improve the process convenience.

[0107] Figure 5A A cross-sectional schematic diagram of a touch display module 200 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown. In some embodiments, the above touch sensor (taking the Figure 3 touch sensor 100a as an example) can be integrated into a touch display module 200 such as a display, a portable phone, and a tablet computer, so that the touch display module 200 can have the functions described above. In some embodiments, the touch display module 200 has a display panel 210 and a touch sensor 100a, and the touch sensor 100a is disposed on the display panel 210. In some embodiments, the display panel 210 may be, for example, an organic light emitting diode (OLED) panel. In some embodiments, the display panel 210 may be flexible to jointly meet the bending requirements of the touch display module 200 with the touch sensor 100a.

[0108] In some embodiments, the touch display module 200 further includes a cover plate 220. The cover plate 220 and the display panel 210 jointly sandwich the touch sensor 100a therebetween. In the overall stacked structure, the touch sensor 100a and the cover plate 220 are sequentially stacked on the display panel 210. In some embodiments, the cover plate 220 may include a flexible material, which refers to a material having a certain strength and a certain flexibility in industry, such as polyimide, polyethersulfone, polyester, polyamide, polycarbonate, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, polybutene, polyethylene, polymethyl methacrylate, polyetherimide, polyetheretherketone, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene terephthalate, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyurethane, acrylic or a combination thereof. Thereby, the cover plate 220 and the touch sensor 100a can jointly meet the bending requirements of the touch display module 200.

[0109] In some embodiments, the touch display module 200 further includes a polarizing layer 230, specifically, for example, a liquid crystal coated polarizing layer. In some embodiments, the polarizing layer 230 may be disposed between the display panel 210 and the touch sensor 100a. For example, the polarizing layer 230 may be directly formed on the surface of the display panel 210, that is, a structural layer (not shown) of the display panel 210 is used as a substrate to form the polarizing layer 230. In some embodiments, the polarizing layer 230 may have flexibility to jointly meet the bending requirements of the touch display module 200 with the touch sensor 100a.

[0110] In some embodiments, the touch display module 200 further includes a protective layer 240. The protective layer 240 may, for example, entirely cover the touch sensor 100a, that is, the protective layer 240 covers the first touch electrode layer 120 and the peripheral circuit layer 130 of the touch sensor 100a, and fills between adjacent electrode lines L and adjacent peripheral circuits to provide an electrical insulation effect. In some embodiments, the protective layer 240 may be a hard coating including an insulating material, such as, but not limited to, a non-conductive resin or other organic materials. In some embodiments, the protective layer 240 has flexibility to jointly meet the bending requirements of the touch display module 200 with the touch sensor 100a. In addition, an adhesive layer such as an optically transparent adhesive may be selectively disposed between the layers to facilitate the bonding between the layers.

[0111] For each of the above layers, the display panel 210, the polarizing layer 230, and the protective layer 240 may be respectively provided with holes O1 to O3 corresponding to the hole area H of the touch sensor 100a, so that the optical component can be set corresponding to the hole area H and the holes O1 to O3. For example, the optical component may be disposed on the surface of the display panel 210 facing away from the touch sensor 100a and set corresponding to the hole area H and the holes O1 to O3. In this way, a touch display module 200 having an optical component corresponding to the visual area VA can be formed, thereby meeting the requirement of the narrow bezel design of the touch display module 200. In some embodiments, the optical component may be further received in the holes O1 to O3 according to actual needs, and the accommodation depths actually received in the holes O1, the hole O2, and even the hole O3 can be designed according to requirements.

[0112] Figure 5B FIG. is a cross-sectional schematic diagram showing a touch display module 200a according to some other embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 5B The touch display module 200a and Figure 5A At least one difference between the touch display module 200 and the touch display module 200a is that the polarizing layer 230 of the touch display module 200a can be disposed between the touch sensor 100a and the cover plate 220. For example, the polarizing layer 230 can be directly formed on the surface of the cover plate 220, that is, the cover plate 220 is used as a substrate to form the polarizing layer 230.

[0113] According to the above embodiments of the present disclosure, since the touch sensor of the present disclosure has a hole area corresponding to the visual area, when the touch sensor is integrated into a touch display module having an optical function, the optical component of the touch display module can be set corresponding to the hole area. In this way, the space for disposing the optical component in the peripheral area can be saved, thereby meeting the requirement of the narrow bezel design of the touch display module. In addition, since the optical component of the touch display module is disposed corresponding to the visual area, the peripheral circuit of the touch sensor located in the peripheral area does not need to avoid the optical component, and the bending of the peripheral area is not limited by the optical component, so that the touch sensor can achieve more diverse bending designs. On the other hand, by adjusting the resistance value specification of the touch electrode layer and the layout of the touch electrodes and the design of the electrode pattern therein, the touch electrodes can maintain the line resistance value required by the design while bypassing the hole area, so as to maintain the touch function well. In addition, during the manufacturing process of the touch sensor of the present disclosure, the order of the manufacturing steps can be flexibly adjusted according to actual needs, thereby improving the manufacturing convenience.

[0114] Although the present disclosure has been disclosed as above in embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present disclosure. Any person skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the protection scope of the present disclosure shall be subject to the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A touch sensor, characterized in that, A visual area and a peripheral area disposed on at least one side of the visual area, the touch sensor comprising: A substrate provided with a hole area corresponding to be located within the visual area, wherein the hole area has a first edge; and A first touch electrode layer disposed on the substrate and corresponding to be located within the visual area, wherein the first touch electrode layer includes a first electrode line extending in a first direction, and the first electrode line has a first portion close to the hole area and a second portion away from the hole area in the first direction, wherein the first portion of the first electrode line connects the second portion of the first electrode line, and the first portion of the first electrode line is adjacent to the first edge along the contour of the hole area; Wherein, the hole area further has a second edge, and a part of the second edge and a part of the first edge are located on opposite sides of the hole area; Wherein, the first electrode line includes a plurality of branch lines arranged at intervals, and the plurality of branch lines are connected in parallel. The first electrode line of the first touch electrode layer further has a third portion. The second portion and the third portion of the first electrode line form two of the branch lines of the first electrode line, and the third portion connects the first portion of the first electrode line, so that the first portion of the first electrode line is the part where the plurality of branch lines merge into one; Wherein, the first touch electrode layer further includes a second electrode line extending in the first direction, adjacent to and spaced from the first electrode line, and having a first portion close to the hole area and a second portion away from the hole area in the first direction, wherein the first portion of the second electrode line connects the second portion of the second electrode line, and the first portion of the second electrode line is adjacent to the second edge along the contour of the hole area; Wherein, the second electrode line includes a plurality of branches arranged at intervals, and the plurality of branches of the second electrode line are connected in parallel and do not merge into one.

2. The touch sensor according to claim 1, wherein The first touch electrode layer includes a matrix and a plurality of metal nanostructures distributed in the matrix.

3. The touch sensor according to claim 1, wherein The distance between the first portion of the first electrode line and the first portion of the second electrode line is greater than the distance between the second portion of the first electrode line and the second portion of the second electrode line.

4. The touch sensor according to claim 1, wherein At least a part of the first portion of the first electrode line and at least a part of the first portion of the second electrode line are separated by the hole area.

5. The touch sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second portion of the first electrode line is parallel to the second portion of the second electrode line.

6. The touch sensor according to claim 1, wherein, The distance between the first portion of the first electrode line and the first edge of the hole area is between 100 microns and 400 microns, and the distance between the first portion of the second electrode line and the second edge of the hole area is between 100 microns and 400 microns.

7. The touch sensor according to claim 1, wherein A connection portion between the first portion and the second portion of the first electrode line has a rounded corner, and a connection portion between the first portion and the second portion of the second electrode line has a rounded corner.

8. The touch sensor according to claim 1, wherein When the multiple branch lines simultaneously encounter interference from the hole area in the first direction, the multiple branch lines merge into one and are adjacent to the first edge of the hole area along the contour of the hole area.

9. The touch sensor according to claim 1, wherein, The touch sensor further includes a second touch electrode layer, and the substrate has a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other, wherein the first touch electrode layer and the second touch electrode layer are respectively disposed on the first surface and the second surface of the substrate; alternatively, the first touch electrode layer and the second touch electrode layer are both disposed on one side of the first surface or the second surface of the substrate and are electrically insulated through an insulating layer.

10. The touch sensor according to claim 9, wherein, The second touch electrode layer includes a fifth electrode line extending in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, and the fifth electrode line has a first portion close to the hole area and a second portion far from the hole area in the second direction, wherein the first portion of the fifth electrode line is connected to the second portion of the fifth electrode line, and the first portion of the fifth electrode line is adjacent to the edge of the hole area along the contour of the hole area.

11. A touch display module, characterized in that, Comprising: A display panel; And A touch sensor as described in claim 1, disposed on the display panel.

12. The touch display module according to claim 11, wherein Further comprising a cover plate disposed on the touch sensor.

13. The touch display module according to claim 12, wherein Further comprising a polarizing layer disposed between the display panel and the touch sensor, or disposed between the touch sensor and the cover plate.

14. The touch display module according to claim 11, wherein, The display panel is provided with a hole corresponding to the hole area.

15. The touch display module according to claim 14, wherein Further comprising an optical component accommodated in the hole.

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