Unit maintenance scheduling method and system considering demand side resource response

Abstract

This invention relates to a unit maintenance scheduling method and system that considers demand-side resource response. The method includes: constructing a low-carbon maintenance scheduling model for the power system with the objective of minimizing regional carbon emission environmental costs; constructing an economical maintenance scheduling model for the power system with the objective function of minimizing the total cost of operation, reserve, and routine maintenance; employing incentive measures to schedule loads participating in demand response within the system and solving the economical maintenance scheduling model; and constructing and solving a unit maintenance scheduling model that considers demand-side resource response, taking the maximum system reserve value within the scheduling cycle as the objective function, to obtain the optimal generation mode under the condition of maximum system reserve value, and then performing scheduling according to the solution result. This invention comprehensively considers load demand response, resulting in higher economic and environmental benefits, while improving the system's reserve level, thereby enhancing system reliability and facilitating widespread application.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of power system maintenance and dispatching technology, specifically relating to a unit maintenance and dispatching method and system that takes into account demand-side resource response. Background Technology

[0002] Developing reasonable and feasible unit maintenance plans is an effective way to eliminate potential risks and improve the reliability of the power system. Therefore, in the operation and dispatch of the power system, operators must fully consider the fluctuations in power supply and load to formulate practical unit maintenance plans. Currently, the shortage of coal resources and the scarcity of fossil fuels have forced some provinces to implement power rationing. Against this backdrop, appropriate maintenance plans can bring significant economic benefits to power grid companies and improve the efficiency of equipment resource utilization.

[0003] With the development of power grids, equipment maintenance decisions have generally gone through three stages: post-maintenance, planned maintenance, and maintenance based on the current state. If the unit maintenance plan is not formulated correctly and reasonably, it will not only cause power consumption and a large amount of energy loss, but also endanger the stable operation of the power grid. To this end, researchers in relevant literature at home and abroad have adopted data-driven methods, genetic algorithms, and intelligent algorithms to improve and ensure the operational stability of the system during maintenance.

[0004] On the other hand, the power system is an extremely large artificial system, and its daily production scheduling is based on the prediction of unknown factors such as load and renewable energy output. Currently, many prediction methods have been adopted, such as neural network methods like BPNN and least squares approximation methods. Due to factors such as load prediction errors and random generator outages, many problems are difficult to estimate during grid operation, especially after large-scale grid integration. In the actual production scheduling process of the power system, operators often maintain a certain amount of spinning reserve capacity to handle uncertainties. When the load or renewable energy power output is inconsistent with the predicted value, and the deviation is large, the generating units responsible for the system's spinning reserve capacity will adjust their output to ensure the system's power supply.

[0005] However, current unit maintenance plans focus primarily on the adjustable range of the power supply side, neglecting the load-side responsiveness and dispatch flexibility of the power system. When units are under maintenance, the system's power supply capacity decreases. If the load side can be effectively mobilized to participate in demand response, reducing load-side power demand, supply and demand pressure can be significantly alleviated. Furthermore, the aforementioned studies have overlooked the unit's emission levels and environmental impact. Therefore, overcoming the shortcomings of existing technologies is a pressing issue that needs to be addressed in the field of power system maintenance and dispatch technology. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a unit maintenance scheduling method that takes into account the response of demand-side resources.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0008] A unit maintenance scheduling method that considers demand-side resource response includes the following steps:

[0009] S1. To minimize the regional carbon emission environmental cost, a low-carbon maintenance and scheduling model for the power system is constructed. The low-carbon maintenance and scheduling model for the power system also includes power supply and consumption balance constraints, maintenance constraints, and power flow constraints.

[0010] S2. Solve the low-carbon maintenance and scheduling model of the power system from S1, and obtain the regional emission level threshold based on the solution. With emission threshold An economic maintenance and dispatch model for the power system is constructed with the objective function of minimizing the total cost of operation, standby, and routine maintenance. The economic maintenance and dispatch model for the power system also includes a first coordination constraint, as well as the power supply and demand balance constraint, maintenance constraint, and power flow constraint in S1.

[0011] Among them, using emission level thresholds With emission threshold The first coordination constraint for constructing an economic maintenance and dispatch model for power systems;

[0012] S3. Using incentive measures, dispatch the loads participating in demand response within the system and solve the power system economic maintenance dispatch model of S2.

[0013] S4. Taking the response of demand-side resources into account, and using the maximum value of the system reserve value within the scheduling cycle as the objective function, construct a unit maintenance scheduling model that considers the response of demand-side resources; the unit maintenance scheduling model that considers the response of demand-side resources also includes the power supply and consumption balance constraints, maintenance constraints and power flow constraints in S1, and also includes the second coordination constraint.

[0014] The threshold obtained by solving S3 is among them. Emission level thresholds and emission threshold Construct a second coordination constraint for the unit maintenance scheduling model that considers demand-side resource response;

[0015] Next, the unit maintenance scheduling model considering demand-side resource response is solved to obtain the optimal power generation mode under the condition of maximum system reserve value, and then scheduling is carried out according to the solution results.

[0016] Furthermore, preferably, S1 includes the following steps:

[0017] S101. Considering the unit's emission function and the carbon emission environmental cost in different regions, establish an optimization function with the objective of minimizing the regional carbon emission environmental cost.

[0018]

[0019] in, This indicates the unit emission cost in the region; This represents the minimum emissions of the i-th generating unit; This represents the linearized emission of unit i in segment k at time t; This indicates the start / stop status of the i-th unit, with a value of 0 or 1. When the value is 1, it means that the unit is in operation, and when the value is 0, it means that the unit is in shutdown. This represents the slope of segment k of the emission curve; Indicates the number of units in the system; This indicates the number of segments in the piecewise linearization of the emission curve;

[0020] (1) Power supply and demand balance constraints:

[0021]

[0022] in, This represents the output value of the i-th generator unit at time t; This represents the line active power loss of the system at time t; N represents the active power demand at load node b; B Indicates the number of load nodes; and Let represent the minimum and maximum output values ​​of the i-th generator unit at time t, respectively; This represents the output of unit i in the linearized cost segment l at time t; This represents the rotational reserve that the system needs to reserve at time t. This indicates the number of segments in the piecewise linearization of the generator cost curve; This represents the reserve level that the i-th generating unit needs to reserve at time t;

[0023] (2) Maintenance constraints:

[0024]

[0025] in, This indicates the maintenance status of the i-th unit at time t, with a value of 0 or 1. When the unit is under maintenance, its value is 1, and when the unit is in normal operation, its value is 0. This represents the state of the i-th unit at the initial moment of maintenance. If the maintenance starts at time t, its value is 1; otherwise, its value is 0. This represents the total time that unit i was under maintenance. The maximum number of units under maintenance within the region; h refers to the overlap time of maintenance for different units i and j; p refers to the maintenance interval time for units i and j; T represents the maintenance cycle. This represents the number of generating units that can be simultaneously inspected at time t. This indicates the total number of units awaiting maintenance.

[0026] (3) Current constraints:

[0027]

[0028] in, This represents the node-branch correlation matrix of the power system; This represents the active power flow vector at time t; This represents the active power demand at load node b; This represents the transmission power of the line at time t; This indicates that there is active power flow output at time t; This represents the load reduction amount at time t; This represents the load reduction amount at load node b at time t; This indicates the tolerance for load reduction. This indicates the upper limit of the power that the line is allowed to transmit.

[0029] Furthermore, preferably, It is 5.

[0030] Furthermore, preferably, S2 includes the following steps:

[0031] S201. Solve for the optimization function f1 with the objective of minimizing the regional carbon emission environmental cost to obtain the regional emission level threshold. With emission threshold The emission level refers to the amount of gas emitted in the region; the emission value refers to the regional emission cost.

[0032] S202. Construct an economical maintenance and dispatch model for the power system;

[0033] The objective function is to minimize the total cost of operation, standby, and routine maintenance, as shown in the following equation:

[0034]

[0035] The constraints include the power supply and demand balance constraints, maintenance constraints, and power flow constraints in S1, as well as the first coordination constraint;

[0036] The first matching constraint is:

[0037]

[0038] in, This represents the encouragement index of the i-th unit at time t, which is the square of the unit's output value; This represents the minimum production cost of the i-th unit; This represents the output of unit i in the linearized cost segment l at time t; The unit spinning reserve cost of unit i; and These represent the regional emission level threshold and emission value threshold, respectively. Indicates the number of generating units; This represents the slope of segment l of the generator power generation cost curve; This represents the cost of overhauling the i-th generating unit; This indicates the unit emission cost in the region; Indicates the start-up / shutdown status of the i-th generating unit; This represents the minimum emissions of the i-th generating unit; This represents the emissions of unit i during time segment k at time t; This represents the slope of segment k of the emission curve.

[0039] Furthermore, preferably, S3 includes the following steps:

[0040] S301. Adopt voluntary incentive measures to schedule the loads participating in demand response within the scheduling system;

[0041] S302. Solve the objective function f2 in S2 that minimizes the total cost of operation, standby, and routine maintenance. Use the minimum value of f2 as the threshold for the constraints in the next stage. At the same time, the regional emission level thresholds were obtained. and emission threshold .

[0042] Furthermore, preferably, S4 includes the following steps:

[0043] S401, obtained according to S3 , and The objective function is to maximize the average net reserve over the total time period, as shown in the following equation:

[0044]

[0045] The constraints include the power supply and demand balance constraints, maintenance constraints, and power flow constraints in S1, as well as the second coordination constraints;

[0046] The second matching constraint is:

[0047]

[0048] in, This represents the reserve value per MW at time t; This represents the incentive price for load node b to participate in demand response; This is a status flag indicating whether node load b participates in demand response. Its value is 0 or 1. When its value is 1, it means that it participates in demand response; when its value is 0, it means that it does not participate in demand response. Let represent the linearized incentive payoff segment o of node b at time t. The number of segments for piecewise linearization of the incentive payoff curve; This represents the maximum amount of load participating in demand response at any given moment; This represents the minimum reserve value at time t; This indicates the load power adjustment amount at node b; and Let represent the upper and lower limits of the incentive price for the demand response at time t, respectively.

[0049] This invention also provides a unit maintenance scheduling system that considers demand-side resource response, employing the aforementioned unit maintenance scheduling method that considers demand-side resource response, including:

[0050] The first processing module is used to solve the low-carbon maintenance and scheduling model of the power system.

[0051] The second processing module, connected to the first processing module, is used to schedule the loads participating in demand response within the system by adopting incentive measures based on the solution results of the first processing module, and then solve the power system economic maintenance scheduling model.

[0052] The third processing module, connected to the second processing module, is used to solve the unit maintenance and scheduling model that takes into account the demand-side resource response based on the solution results of the second processing module, and obtain the optimal power generation mode under the condition of maximum system reserve.

[0053] The scheduling module, connected to the third processing module, is used to perform corresponding scheduling based on the solution results of the third processing module.

[0054] The present invention also provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement the steps of the unit maintenance scheduling method considering demand-side resource response as described above.

[0055] The present invention further provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the unit maintenance scheduling method that takes into account demand-side resource response as described above.

[0056] In this invention, and This can be obtained from the generator nameplate data. Power system node-branch correlation matrix. Active power flow vector at time t All content is existing.

[0057] In this invention, since the generating units are located in an interconnected power system, their shutdown for maintenance can affect the power flow in the region. To ensure the safe operation of the system and prevent power flow exceeding limits, power flow constraints need to be considered.

[0058] In this invention, the incentive measures are voluntary, such as a system operator paying a certain amount of compensation to a user for every 1 MWh of load reduction. This invention does not modify this; existing voluntary incentive measures are sufficient.

[0059] In the maintenance constraints, the first formula represents the maintenance status of unit i within a specified maintenance cycle; the second formula indicates that each unit can only be maintained once within a maintenance cycle; the third formula provides a proof for the second formula over a continuous time period; the fourth formula represents the relationship between maintenance and unit combination status; the fifth formula indicates that multiple units cannot be maintained simultaneously within the same time period; the sixth and seventh formulas indicate that unit i is maintained before unit j; the eighth formula states that the number of units that can be maintained simultaneously at time t is limited; the ninth to eleventh formulas indicate that there is a certain interval between the maintenance of two units; the twelfth formula indicates that there is an overlap in maintenance time between two units; the thirteenth formula constrains the maximum number of units to be maintained within the desired area, thereby avoiding insufficient power in the system. h refers to the overlap in maintenance time between different units i and j, indicating that one unit can begin maintenance during the maintenance process of another unit.

[0060] In this invention and The threshold is determined with the goal of minimizing emissions. and The threshold is determined with the goal of minimizing cost.

[0061] In solving this problem, it is preferable to use the cplex solver called by MATLAB.

[0062] In this invention, the piecewise linearization functions of the emission curve, the generator cost curve (which is a quadratic function), and the incentive benefit curve (a quadratic function of load change and incentive benefit) are all existing functions, and this invention does not limit or improve them.

[0063] This invention takes into account the system reliability objective during maintenance, and therefore constructs an optimization objective function with the goal of maximizing the average net reserve over the total time period. Solution S4 of this invention yields the optimal power generation mode under the condition of maximizing system reserve, i.e., maximizing reliability.

[0064] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0065] Compared to existing research that primarily focuses on optimizing unit maintenance and scheduling, comprehensively considering load demand response during the scheduling optimization process will yield greater economic and environmental benefits. As shown in Table 1, Case 2, which considers demand-side response, incurs incentive costs compared to Case 1 (which does not consider demand), but its total cost is still slightly lower, and the emissions of various pollutants are also less. This demonstrates that comprehensively considering load demand response can generate higher economic and environmental benefits while improving system reserve levels, thereby enhancing system reliability. Attached Figure Description

[0066] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the unit maintenance scheduling method that takes into account demand-side resource response in this invention;

[0067] Figure 2 This is a topology diagram of the IEEE-24-node standard test system in an application example;

[0068] Figure 3 This refers to the maintenance reserve capacity level at each stage;

[0069] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the unit maintenance and scheduling system that takes into account demand-side resource response in this invention.

[0070] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the electronic device structure of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0071] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the embodiments.

[0072] Those skilled in the art will understand that the following embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. Where specific techniques or conditions are not specified in the embodiments, they are performed in accordance with the techniques or conditions described in the literature in the field or according to the product instructions. Materials or equipment whose manufacturers are not specified are all conventional products that can be obtained by purchase.

[0073] like Figure 1 As shown, a unit maintenance scheduling method considering demand-side resource response includes the following steps:

[0074] S1. To minimize the regional carbon emission environmental cost, a low-carbon maintenance and scheduling model for the power system is constructed. The low-carbon maintenance and scheduling model for the power system also includes power supply and consumption balance constraints, maintenance constraints, and power flow constraints.

[0075] S2. Solve the low-carbon maintenance and scheduling model of the power system from S1, and obtain the regional emission level threshold based on the solution. With emission threshold An economic maintenance and dispatch model for the power system is constructed with the objective function of minimizing the total cost of operation, standby, and routine maintenance. The economic maintenance and dispatch model for the power system also includes a first coordination constraint, as well as the power supply and demand balance constraint, maintenance constraint, and power flow constraint in S1.

[0076] Among them, using emission level thresholds With emission threshold The first coordination constraint for constructing an economic maintenance and dispatch model for power systems;

[0077] S3. Using incentive measures, dispatch the loads participating in demand response within the system and solve the power system economic maintenance dispatch model of S2.

[0078] S4. Taking the response of demand-side resources into account, and using the maximum value of the system reserve value within the scheduling cycle as the objective function, construct a unit maintenance scheduling model that considers the response of demand-side resources; the unit maintenance scheduling model that considers the response of demand-side resources also includes the power supply and consumption balance constraints, maintenance constraints and power flow constraints in S1, and also includes the second coordination constraint.

[0079] The threshold obtained by solving S3 is among them. Emission level thresholds and emission threshold Construct a second coordination constraint for the unit maintenance scheduling model that considers demand-side resource response;

[0080] Next, the unit maintenance scheduling model considering demand-side resource response is solved to obtain the optimal power generation mode under the condition of maximum system reserve value, and then scheduling is carried out according to the solution results.

[0081] Furthermore, preferably, S1 includes the following steps:

[0082] S101. Considering the unit's emission function and the carbon emission environmental cost in different regions, establish an optimization function with the objective of minimizing the regional carbon emission environmental cost.

[0083]

[0084] in, This indicates the unit emission cost in the region; This represents the minimum emissions of the i-th generating unit; This represents the linearized emission of unit i in segment k at time t; This indicates the start / stop status of the i-th unit, with a value of 0 or 1. When the value is 1, it means that the unit is in operation, and when the value is 0, it means that the unit is in shutdown. This represents the slope of segment k of the emission curve; Indicates the number of units in the system; This indicates the number of segments in the piecewise linearization of the emission curve;

[0085] (1) Power supply and demand balance constraints:

[0086]

[0087] in, This represents the output value of the i-th generator unit at time t; This represents the line active power loss of the system at time t; N represents the active power demand at load node b; B Indicates the number of load nodes; and Let represent the minimum and maximum output values ​​of the i-th generator unit at time t, respectively; This represents the output of unit i in the linearized cost segment l at time t; This represents the rotational reserve that the system needs to reserve at time t. This indicates the number of segments in the piecewise linearization of the generator cost curve; This represents the reserve level that the i-th generating unit needs to reserve at time t;

[0088] (2) Maintenance constraints:

[0089]

[0090] in, This indicates the maintenance status of the i-th unit at time t, with a value of 0 or 1. When the unit is under maintenance, its value is 1, and when the unit is in normal operation, its value is 0. This represents the state of the i-th unit at the initial moment of maintenance. If the maintenance starts at time t, its value is 1; otherwise, its value is 0. This represents the total time that unit i was under maintenance. The maximum number of units under maintenance within the region; h refers to the overlap time of maintenance for different units i and j; p refers to the maintenance interval time for units i and j; T represents the maintenance cycle. This represents the number of generating units that can be simultaneously inspected at time t. This indicates the total number of units awaiting maintenance.

[0091] (3) Current constraints:

[0092]

[0093] in, This represents the node-branch correlation matrix of the power system; This represents the active power flow vector at time t; This represents the active power demand at load node b; This represents the transmission power of the line at time t; This indicates that there is active power flow output at time t; This represents the load reduction amount at time t; This represents the load reduction amount at load node b at time t; This indicates the tolerance for load reduction. This indicates the upper limit of the power that the line is allowed to transmit.

[0094] Specifically, It is 5.

[0095] Specifically, S2 includes the following steps:

[0096] S201. Solve for the optimization function f1 with the objective of minimizing the regional carbon emission environmental cost to obtain the regional emission level threshold. With emission threshold The emission level refers to the amount of gas emitted in the region; the emission value refers to the regional emission cost.

[0097] S202. Construct an economical maintenance and dispatch model for the power system;

[0098] The objective function is to minimize the total cost of operation, standby, and routine maintenance, as shown in the following equation:

[0099]

[0100] The constraints include the power supply and demand balance constraints, maintenance constraints, and power flow constraints in S1, as well as the first coordination constraint;

[0101] The first matching constraint is:

[0102]

[0103] in, This represents the encouragement index of the i-th unit at time t, which is the square of the unit's output value; This represents the minimum production cost of the i-th unit; This represents the output of unit i in the linearized cost segment l at time t; The unit spinning reserve cost of unit i; and These represent the regional emission level threshold and emission value threshold, respectively. Indicates the number of generating units; This represents the slope of segment l of the generator power generation cost curve; This represents the cost of overhauling the i-th generating unit; This indicates the unit emission cost in the region; Indicates the start-up / shutdown status of the i-th generating unit; This represents the minimum emissions of the i-th generating unit; This represents the emissions of unit i during time segment k at time t; This represents the slope of segment k of the emission curve.

[0104] Specifically, S3 includes the following steps:

[0105] S301. Adopt voluntary incentive measures to schedule the loads participating in demand response within the scheduling system;

[0106] S302. Solve the objective function f2 in S2 that minimizes the total cost of operation, standby, and routine maintenance. Use the minimum value of f2 as the threshold for the constraints in the next stage. At the same time, the regional emission level thresholds were obtained. and emission threshold .

[0107] Specifically, S4 includes the following steps:

[0108] S401, obtained according to S3 , and The objective function is to maximize the average net reserve over the total time period, as shown in the following equation:

[0109]

[0110] The constraints include the power supply and demand balance constraints, maintenance constraints, and power flow constraints in S1, as well as the second coordination constraints;

[0111] The second matching constraint is:

[0112]

[0113] in, This represents the reserve value per MW at time t; This represents the incentive price for load node b to participate in demand response; This is a status flag indicating whether node load b participates in demand response. Its value is 0 or 1. When its value is 1, it means that it participates in demand response; when its value is 0, it means that it does not participate in demand response. Let represent the linearized incentive payoff segment o of node b at time t. The number of segments for piecewise linearization of the incentive payoff curve; This represents the maximum amount of load participating in demand response at any given moment; This represents the minimum reserve value at time t; This indicates the load power adjustment amount at node b; and Let represent the upper and lower limits of the incentive price for the demand response at time t, respectively.

[0114] like Figure 4 As shown, a unit maintenance scheduling system that considers demand-side resource response includes:

[0115] The first processing module 101 is used to solve the low-carbon maintenance and scheduling model of the power system.

[0116] The second processing module 102 is connected to the first processing module 101 and is used to schedule the loads participating in demand response within the system by adopting incentive measures based on the solution results of the first processing module, and then solve the power system economic maintenance scheduling model.

[0117] The third processing module 103 is connected to the second processing module 102 and is used to solve the unit maintenance and scheduling model that takes into account the demand-side resource response based on the solution results of the second processing module, so as to obtain the optimal power generation mode under the condition of maximum system reserve.

[0118] The scheduling module 104 is connected to the third processing module 103 and is used to perform corresponding scheduling based on the solution results of the third processing module.

[0119] The system provided in this embodiment of the invention is used to execute the above-described method embodiments. For specific processes and details, please refer to the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0120] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the electronic device structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention, with reference to... Figure 5The electronic device may include: a processor 201, a communication interface 202, a memory 203, and a communication bus 204, wherein the processor 201, the communication interface 202, and the memory 203 communicate with each other through the communication bus 204. The processor 201 can call logical instructions in the memory 203 to execute the following method: S1, constructing a low-carbon maintenance and scheduling model for the power system with the goal of minimizing regional carbon emission environmental costs; the low-carbon maintenance and scheduling model for the power system also includes power supply and consumption balance constraints, maintenance constraints, and power flow constraints;

[0121] S2. Solve the low-carbon maintenance and scheduling model of the power system from S1, and obtain the regional emission level threshold based on the solution. With emission threshold An economic maintenance and dispatch model for the power system is constructed with the objective function of minimizing the total cost of operation, standby, and routine maintenance. The economic maintenance and dispatch model for the power system also includes a first coordination constraint, as well as the power supply and demand balance constraint, maintenance constraint, and power flow constraint in S1.

[0122] Among them, using emission level thresholds With emission threshold The first coordination constraint for constructing an economic maintenance and dispatch model for power systems;

[0123] S3. Using incentive measures, dispatch the loads participating in demand response within the system and solve the power system economic maintenance dispatch model of S2.

[0124] S4. Taking the response of demand-side resources into account, and using the maximum value of the system reserve value within the scheduling cycle as the objective function, construct a unit maintenance scheduling model that considers the response of demand-side resources; the unit maintenance scheduling model that considers the response of demand-side resources also includes the power supply and consumption balance constraints, maintenance constraints and power flow constraints in S1, and also includes the second coordination constraint.

[0125] The threshold obtained by solving S3 is among them. Emission level thresholds and emission threshold Construct a second coordination constraint for the unit maintenance scheduling model that considers demand-side resource response;

[0126] Next, the unit maintenance scheduling model considering demand-side resource response is solved to obtain the optimal power generation mode under the condition of maximum system reserve value, and then scheduling is carried out according to the solution results.

[0127] Furthermore, the logical instructions in the aforementioned memory 203 can be implemented as software functional units and, when sold or used as independent products, can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, essentially, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0128] On the other hand, embodiments of the present invention also provide a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the unit maintenance scheduling method considering demand-side resource response provided in the above embodiments, for example including:

[0129] S1. To minimize the regional carbon emission environmental cost, a low-carbon maintenance and scheduling model for the power system is constructed. The low-carbon maintenance and scheduling model for the power system also includes power supply and consumption balance constraints, maintenance constraints, and power flow constraints.

[0130] S2. Solve the low-carbon maintenance and scheduling model of the power system from S1, and obtain the regional emission level threshold based on the solution. With emission threshold An economic maintenance and dispatch model for the power system is constructed with the objective function of minimizing the total cost of operation, standby, and routine maintenance. The economic maintenance and dispatch model for the power system also includes a first coordination constraint, as well as the power supply and demand balance constraint, maintenance constraint, and power flow constraint in S1.

[0131] Among them, using emission level thresholds With emission threshold The first coordination constraint for constructing an economic maintenance and dispatch model for power systems;

[0132] S3. Using incentive measures, dispatch the loads participating in demand response within the system and solve the power system economic maintenance dispatch model of S2.

[0133] S4. Taking the response of demand-side resources into account, and using the maximum value of the system reserve value within the scheduling cycle as the objective function, construct a unit maintenance scheduling model that considers the response of demand-side resources; the unit maintenance scheduling model that considers the response of demand-side resources also includes the power supply and consumption balance constraints, maintenance constraints and power flow constraints in S1, and also includes the second coordination constraint.

[0134] The threshold obtained by solving S3 is among them. Emission level thresholds and emission threshold Construct a second coordination constraint for the unit maintenance scheduling model that considers demand-side resource response;

[0135] Next, the unit maintenance scheduling model considering demand-side resource response is solved to obtain the optimal power generation mode under the condition of maximum system reserve value, and then scheduling is carried out according to the solution results.

[0136] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs. Those skilled in the art can understand and implement this without any creative effort.

[0137] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms, and of course, it can also be implemented by hardware. Based on this understanding, the above technical solutions, in essence or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the various embodiments or some parts of the embodiments.

[0138] Application Examples

[0139] To illustrate the application effect of the unit maintenance scheduling method that considers demand-side resource response, this example uses the IEEE-24-bus standard test system (e.g., Figure 2 This section will explain and demonstrate the effects. The total scheduling cycle is 52 weeks (i.e., one year), and the peak power consumption is 2100MW. , , Both are 15.

[0140] For better comparison, two different cases are set up. Case 1 is a power system unit maintenance and dispatch scheme that does not consider load-side demand response; Case 2 is a power system maintenance and dispatch scheme that takes load-side demand response into account, and is calculated according to the steps described in this invention.

[0141] The results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0142] Table 1 Comparison of the effects of different schemes

[0143]

[0144] As shown in Table 1, from both economic and environmental perspectives, the power system unit maintenance and scheduling method that considers load-side demand response is significantly better than the power system unit maintenance and scheduling method that does not consider load-side demand response.

[0145] Figure 3 The system standby values ​​for each stage of the test system under the method proposed in this patent are described. From... Figure 3 It can be seen that during the periods from mid-March to late April and from early September to late October, the net reserve level of the system in Phase 3 was much lower than that in Phases 1 and 2. This is mainly because during these two periods, more units were allocated for shutdown and maintenance in Phase 3 compared to the previous two phases, resulting in insufficient unit reserve.

[0146] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of this invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for unit maintenance scheduling considering demand side resource response, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. To minimize the regional carbon emission environmental cost, a low-carbon maintenance and scheduling model for the power system is constructed. The low-carbon maintenance and scheduling model for the power system also includes power supply and consumption balance constraints, maintenance constraints, and power flow constraints. S2, solving the low-carbon maintenance scheduling model of the power system of S1, obtaining the emission level threshold of the region based on the solution with the emission value threshold The economic maintenance scheduling model of the power system takes the total cost of operation, standby and daily maintenance as the objective function, and comprises the first coordination constraint, and the power supply and demand balance constraint, the maintenance constraint and the power flow constraint in S1. wherein the emission level threshold with the emission value threshold a first coordination constraint for building the economic overhaul scheduling model of the power system S3. Using incentive measures, dispatch the loads participating in demand response within the system and solve the power system economic maintenance dispatch model of S2. S4. Taking the response of demand-side resources into account, and using the maximum value of the system reserve value within the scheduling cycle as the objective function, construct a unit maintenance scheduling model that considers the response of demand-side resources; the unit maintenance scheduling model that considers the response of demand-side resources also includes the power supply and consumption balance constraints, maintenance constraints and power flow constraints in S1, and also includes the second coordination constraint. The threshold obtained by solving S3 is among them. Emission level thresholds and emission threshold Construct a second coordination constraint for the unit maintenance scheduling model that considers demand-side resource response; Next, the unit maintenance scheduling model considering demand-side resource response is solved to obtain the optimal power generation mode under the condition of maximum system reserve, and then scheduling is carried out according to the solution result; S1 includes the following steps: S101. Considering the unit's emission function and the carbon emission environmental cost in different regions, establish an optimization function with the objective of minimizing the regional carbon emission environmental cost. in, This indicates the unit emission cost in the region; Indicates the first i Minimum emissions of the unit; Indicates the unit i exist t Time-based linearized emissions k Emissions of the segment; This indicates the start / stop status of the i-th unit, with a value of 0 or 1. When the value is 1, it means that the unit is in operation, and when the value is 0, it means that the unit is in shutdown. Representing the emission curve k Slope of segment; Indicates the number of units in the system; This indicates the number of segments in the piecewise linearization of the emission curve; (1) Power supply and demand balance constraints: in, Indicates the first i Taiwanese crew t Output value at any given moment; Indicates that the system is in t Active power loss of the line at any given time; Indicates load node b Active power demand; N B Indicates the number of load nodes; and They represent the first i Taiwanese crew t The minimum and maximum output values ​​at any given time; This indicates the unit at time t. i Linearization cost l The effort of the segment; express t The timekeeping system needs to reserve a certain amount of rotational spare capacity; This indicates the number of segments in the piecewise linearization of the generator cost curve; Indicates the first i Taiwanese crew t A reserve level must always be prepared; (2) Maintenance constraints: in, Indicates the first i Taiwanese crew t The maintenance status at any given time can be either 0 or 1. When the unit is under maintenance, the value is 1, and when the unit is in normal operation, the value is 0. Indicates the first i The initial state of the unit at the start of maintenance; if the unit maintenance begins from... t At the start of time, its value is 1; otherwise, its value is 0. Indicates the unit i Total time spent under maintenance; This represents the maximum number of maintenance units within the region. h This refers to the overlap of maintenance times for different units i and j; p refers to the maintenance interval between units i and j. T Indicates the maintenance cycle; This represents the number of generating units that can be simultaneously inspected at time t. This indicates the total number of units awaiting maintenance. (3) Current constraints: in, This represents the node-branch correlation matrix of the power system; Indicates in t The active power flow vector at any given moment; Indicates load node b Active power demand; This represents the transmission power of the line at time t; express t Always contribute to the trend; This represents the load reduction amount at time t; Indicates load node b The load reduction amount at time t; This indicates the tolerance for load reduction. This indicates the upper limit of the power that the line is allowed to transmit; S2 includes the following steps: S201. Solve for the optimization function with the objective of minimizing the regional carbon emission environmental cost. f 1. Obtain regional emission level thresholds With emission threshold The emission level refers to the amount of gas emitted in the region; the emission value refers to the regional emission cost. S202. Construct an economical maintenance and dispatch model for the power system; The objective function is to minimize the total cost of operation, standby, and routine maintenance, as shown in the following equation: The constraints include the power supply and demand balance constraints, maintenance constraints, and power flow constraints in S1, as well as the first coordination constraint; The first matching constraint is: in, It indicates the first i Taiwanese crew t The incentive index at any given moment is the square of the unit's output value; It indicates the first i The lowest production cost of the Taiwanese unit; This indicates the unit at time t. i Linearization cost l The effort of the segment; For the unit i Unit rotating reserve cost; and These represent the regional emission level threshold and emission value threshold, respectively. Indicates the number of generating units; Represents the generator power generation cost curve l The slope of the segment; This represents the cost of overhauling the i-th generating unit; This indicates the unit emission cost in the region; Indicates the start-up / shutdown status of the i-th generating unit; Indicates the first i Minimum emissions of the unit; Indicates the unit i exist t time k Emissions of the segment; Representing the emission curve k Slope of segment; S3 includes the following steps: S301. Adopt voluntary incentive measures to schedule the loads participating in demand response within the scheduling system; S302. Solve the objective function in S2 that minimizes the total cost of operation, standby, and routine maintenance. f 2. The obtained f The minimum value of 2 is used as the threshold for the constraint conditions in the next stage. At the same time, the regional emission level thresholds were obtained. and emission threshold .

2. The unit maintenance scheduling method considering demand-side resource response according to claim 1, characterized in that, is 5.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein, S4 includes the following steps: S401, obtained according to S3 , and The objective function is to maximize the average net reserve over the total time period, as shown in the following equation: The constraints include the power supply and demand balance constraints, maintenance constraints, and power flow constraints in S1, as well as the second coordination constraints; The second matching constraint is: in, Indicates in t Reserve value per MW at any given time; Indicates load node b Incentive prices for participating in demand response; Indicates node load b The status flag indicating whether or not the entity participates in demand response has a value of 0 or 1. A value of 1 indicates that the entity participates in demand response, while a value of 0 indicates that the entity does not participate in demand response. express t Time Node b The linearized incentive benefit of segment o is the incentive price. The number of segments for piecewise linearization of the incentive payoff curve; This represents the maximum amount of load participating in demand response at any given moment; This represents the minimum reserve value at time t; This indicates the load power adjustment amount at node b; and Let represent the lower and upper limits of the incentive price for the demand response at time t, respectively.

4. A unit maintenance scheduling system considering demand-side resource response, employing the unit maintenance scheduling method considering demand-side resource response as described in claim 1, characterized in that, include: The first processing module is used to solve the low-carbon maintenance and scheduling model of the power system. The second processing module, connected to the first processing module, is used to schedule the loads participating in demand response within the system by adopting incentive measures based on the solution results of the first processing module, and then solve the power system economic maintenance scheduling model. The third processing module, connected to the second processing module, is used to solve the unit maintenance and scheduling model that takes into account the demand-side resource response based on the solution results of the second processing module, and obtain the optimal power generation mode under the condition of maximum system reserve. The scheduling module, connected to the third processing module, is used to perform corresponding scheduling based on the solution results of the third processing module.

5. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the program, it implements the steps of the unit maintenance scheduling method that takes into account demand-side resource response as described in any one of claims 1 to 3.

6. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When executed by a processor, the computer program implements the steps of the unit maintenance scheduling method that takes into account demand-side resource response as described in any one of claims 1 to 3.

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