Power module, controller for power module, and electronic device

Abstract

The application provides a power module, a controller for the power module and an electronic device. The power module comprises a high-frequency conversion circuit, a transformer, a rectification filter circuit, a direct-current conversion circuit, a diode and a controller. The high-frequency conversion circuit is configured to receive an output voltage of an input power supply and supply power to a load through the transformer and the rectification filter circuit. The direct-current conversion circuit is configured to receive an output voltage of the transformer and supply power to the load through the diode. The controller is configured to control the voltage output by the direct-current conversion circuit through the diode to be greater than or equal to a rated input voltage of the load in response to the input voltage of the high-frequency conversion circuit being less than a rated input voltage of the high-frequency conversion circuit, thereby prolonging the power-down holding time of the power module when the output voltage of the input power supply drops.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of power supply technology, and in particular to a power supply module, a controller for the power supply module, and an electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] Power-down hold-up time refers to the time an electronic device or power module remains operational after a power outage, voltage drop, or other disruption of the input power supply. To extend power-down hold-up time, large-capacity capacitors are typically incorporated into the input power supply, electronic devices, or power modules. However, large-capacity capacitors require space and increase costs. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a power module, a controller for the power module, and an electronic device, which can extend the power-off retention time, have lower cost and smaller footprint, and are highly applicable.

[0004] The present application is described below from different aspects. It should be understood that the different implementation methods and beneficial effects described below can be referenced from each other.

[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides a power supply module for receiving the output voltage of an input power source to supply power to a load. The power supply module includes a high-frequency conversion circuit, a transformer, a rectifier and filter circuit, a DC-DC conversion circuit, a diode, and a controller. The high-frequency conversion circuit receives the output voltage of the input power source; the transformer receives the output voltage of the high-frequency conversion circuit and supplies power to the load via the rectifier and filter circuit; the DC-DC conversion circuit receives the output voltage of the transformer and supplies power to the load via the diode. When the output voltage of the input power source is less than its rated output voltage, since the output voltage of the input power source is equal to the input voltage of the high-frequency conversion circuit, and the rated output voltage of the input power source is equal to the rated input voltage of the high-frequency conversion circuit, it can be concluded that the input voltage of the high-frequency conversion circuit is less than its rated input voltage. In this case, the controller can be used to control the voltage output by the DC-DC conversion circuit via the diode to be greater than or equal to the rated input voltage of the load in response to the input voltage of the high-frequency conversion circuit being less than its rated input voltage, thereby supplying power to the load.

[0006] In this application, the controllable DC-DC converter circuit makes full use of the residual voltage of the input power supply to extend the power-down retention time of the power module, ensuring that the power module can still operate reliably when the voltage of the input power supply drops, thereby improving the power supply efficiency and power supply stability of the power module. In addition, the newly added DC-DC converter circuit has lower cost and occupies less space, thus meeting the high power density requirements of the power module and making it more applicable.

[0007] In conjunction with the first aspect, in a first possible implementation, when the output voltage of the input power supply is greater than or equal to the rated output voltage of the input power supply, the input voltage of the high-frequency converter circuit can be greater than or equal to the rated input voltage of the high-frequency converter circuit. In this case, the controller can be used to control the voltage output by the diode of the DC-DC converter circuit to be less than the rated input voltage of the load in response to the input voltage of the high-frequency converter circuit being greater than or equal to the rated input voltage of the high-frequency converter circuit. At this time, the voltage output by the diode of the DC-DC converter circuit drops or the DC-DC converter circuit stops working, thus not affecting the normal operating efficiency of the power module when the input power supply is normally supplied, thus making it more versatile.

[0008] In conjunction with any of the first aspects to the first possible implementation of the first aspect, in the second possible implementation, the transformer includes a primary winding, a secondary winding and an auxiliary winding, wherein the primary winding is connected to the output terminal of the high-frequency conversion circuit, the secondary winding is connected to the input terminal of the rectifier and filter circuit, and the auxiliary winding is connected to the input terminal of the DC-DC conversion circuit.

[0009] In conjunction with the second possible implementation of the first aspect, in the third possible implementation, the secondary winding includes two secondary sub-windings with the same number of turns. The controller can be used to: control the DC-DC converter circuit to boost the output voltage of the auxiliary winding when the number of turns of the auxiliary winding is less than or equal to the number of turns of the secondary sub-windings, or control the DC-DC converter circuit to depress the output voltage of the auxiliary winding when the number of turns of the auxiliary winding is greater than the number of turns of the secondary sub-windings, thereby ensuring that the voltage output by the DC-DC converter circuit via the diode is greater than or equal to the rated input voltage of the load to supply power to the load. Therefore, the controller can control the DC-DC converter circuit to boost or depress the output voltage of the auxiliary winding to supply power to the load based on the specific number of turns of the auxiliary winding, offering high flexibility. Furthermore, this auxiliary winding can fully utilize the internal space of the transformer, resulting in lower cost.

[0010] In conjunction with the first aspect or the first possible implementation of the first aspect, in the fourth possible implementation, the transformer includes a primary winding and a secondary winding. The primary winding is connected to the output terminal of the high-frequency conversion circuit, the secondary winding is connected to the input terminal of the rectifier and filter circuit, and the secondary winding is connected to the input terminal of the DC-DC conversion circuit. In this circuit topology, there is no need to add an auxiliary winding in the transformer, resulting in lower cost.

[0011] In conjunction with any of the first to fourth possible embodiments of the first aspect, in the fifth possible embodiment, when the rectifier-filter circuit includes a diode, the controller is further configured to: in response to the input voltage of the high-frequency converter circuit being less than the rated input voltage of the high-frequency converter circuit, control the high-frequency converter circuit to operate at its lowest operating frequency and control the rectifier-filter circuit to disconnect when the input voltage of the high-frequency converter circuit is detected to drop to a preset voltage threshold. The preset voltage threshold is greater than the lowest operating input voltage of the high-frequency converter circuit but less than its rated input voltage. During the above control process, a short-term combined power supply of the rectifier-filter circuit and the DC-DC converter circuit is implemented, which facilitates a smooth transition in the power supply output of the power module and ensures the stability of the power module's output voltage, thus enhancing its applicability.

[0012] In conjunction with any of the first to fifth possible embodiments of the first aspect, in the sixth possible embodiment, the controller is further configured to: in response to the input voltage of the high-frequency conversion circuit being greater than the minimum operating input voltage of the high-frequency conversion circuit, control the voltage output by the DC-DC converter via the diode to be less than the rated input voltage of the load, and simultaneously control the output voltage of the rectifier-filter circuit to be greater than or equal to the rated input voltage of the load. During the process of controlling the voltage output by the DC-DC converter via the diode and the output voltage of the rectifier-filter circuit, the voltage output by the DC-DC converter via the diode and the output voltage of the rectifier-filter circuit will simultaneously serve as the main output of the power module to jointly power the load for a period of time, until the output voltage of the rectifier-filter circuit is higher than the voltage output by the DC-DC converter via the diode. That is, during this power supply process, there will be a short-term joint power supply condition between the rectifier-filter circuit and the DC-DC converter circuit, which facilitates a smooth transition in the power supply output of the power module and ensures the stability of the power module's output voltage, thus enhancing its applicability.

[0013] In conjunction with the sixth possible implementation of the first aspect, in the seventh possible implementation, the controller is further configured to: respond to the input voltage of the high-frequency converter circuit being greater than the minimum operating input voltage of the high-frequency converter circuit, and upon detecting that the output voltage of the rectifier filter circuit is greater than the voltage output by the DC-DC converter circuit via the diode, control the rectifier filter circuit to conduct and control the voltage output by the DC-DC converter circuit via the diode to be less than the rated input voltage of the load. Since the output voltage of the rectifier filter circuit is greater than the voltage output by the DC-DC converter circuit via the diode, it can be concluded that the main output of the power supply module is provided by the rectifier filter circuit. Therefore, the controller can control the voltage output by the DC-DC converter circuit via the diode to be less than the rated input voltage of the load, thus not affecting the normal operating efficiency of the power supply module and making it more versatile.

[0014] Secondly, this application provides a controller for a power supply module. The power supply module receives the output voltage of an input power source to supply power to a load. The power supply module includes a high-frequency converter circuit, a transformer, a rectifier and filter circuit, a DC-DC converter circuit, and a diode. The input power source is processed by the high-frequency converter circuit, the transformer, and the rectifier and filter circuit before supplying power to the load. The DC-DC converter circuit receives the output voltage of the transformer and supplies power to the load via the diode. When the output voltage of the input power source is less than its rated output voltage, since the output voltage of the input power source is equal to the input voltage of the high-frequency converter circuit, and the rated output voltage of the input power source is equal to the rated input voltage of the high-frequency converter circuit, it can be concluded that the input voltage of the high-frequency converter circuit is less than its rated input voltage. In this case, the controller can be used to control the voltage output by the DC-DC converter circuit via the diode to be greater than or equal to the rated input voltage of the load in response to the input voltage of the high-frequency converter circuit being less than its rated input voltage, thereby supplying power to the load.

[0015] In this application, the controllable DC-DC converter circuit makes full use of the residual voltage of the input power supply to extend the power-down retention time of the power module, ensuring that the power module can still operate reliably when the voltage of the input power supply drops, thereby improving the power supply efficiency and stability of the power module and making it highly applicable.

[0016] In conjunction with the second aspect, in the first possible implementation, when the output voltage of the input power supply is greater than or equal to the rated output voltage of the input power supply, the input voltage of the high-frequency converter circuit can be greater than or equal to the rated input voltage of the high-frequency converter circuit. In this case, the controller is configured to: respond to the input voltage of the high-frequency converter circuit being greater than or equal to the rated input voltage of the high-frequency converter circuit, control the voltage output by the DC-DC converter circuit via the diode to be less than the rated input voltage of the load. At this time, the voltage output by the DC-DC converter circuit via the diode drops or the DC-DC converter circuit stops working, thus not affecting the normal operating efficiency of the power module when the input power supply is normally supplied, thus increasing its applicability.

[0017] In conjunction with any of the second to first possible embodiments of the second aspect, in the second possible embodiment, the transformer includes a primary winding, a secondary winding, and an auxiliary winding. The primary winding is connected to the output terminal of the high-frequency conversion circuit, the secondary winding is connected to the input terminal of the rectifier and filter circuit, and the auxiliary winding is connected to the input terminal of the DC-DC converter circuit. The secondary winding includes two secondary sub-windings with the same number of turns. The controller described above can be used to: control the DC-DC converter circuit to boost the output voltage of the auxiliary winding when the number of turns of the auxiliary winding is less than or equal to the number of turns of the secondary sub-windings, or control the DC-DC converter circuit to depress the output voltage of the auxiliary winding when the number of turns of the auxiliary winding is greater than the number of turns of the secondary sub-windings, thereby ensuring that the voltage output by the DC-DC converter circuit via the diode is greater than or equal to the rated input voltage of the load to supply power to the load. Therefore, the controller can control the DC-DC converter circuit to boost or depress the output voltage of the auxiliary winding based on the specific number of turns of the auxiliary winding, offering high flexibility. Furthermore, the auxiliary winding can fully utilize the internal space of the transformer, resulting in lower cost.

[0018] In a third possible implementation, in conjunction with any of the second aspects to the second possible embodiments of the second aspect, when the rectifier-filter circuit includes a diode, the controller is further configured to: control the high-frequency converter circuit to operate at its lowest operating frequency and control the rectifier-filter circuit to disconnect when the input voltage of the high-frequency converter circuit is detected to have dropped to a preset voltage threshold after the input voltage of the high-frequency converter circuit is less than the rated input voltage of the high-frequency converter circuit. The preset voltage threshold is greater than the lowest operating input voltage of the high-frequency converter circuit but less than the rated input voltage of the high-frequency converter circuit. During the above control process, a short-term combined power supply of the rectifier-filter circuit and the DC-DC converter circuit is applied, which facilitates a smooth transition in the power supply output of the power module and ensures the stability of the power module's output voltage, thus enhancing its applicability.

[0019] In a fourth possible implementation, in conjunction with any of the second to third possible embodiments of the second aspect, the controller is further configured to: in response to the input voltage of the high-frequency converter circuit being greater than the minimum operating input voltage of the high-frequency converter circuit, control the voltage output by the DC-DC converter circuit via the diode to be less than the rated input voltage of the load, and simultaneously control the output voltage of the rectifier-filter circuit to be greater than or equal to the rated input voltage of the load. During the process of controlling the voltage output by the DC-DC converter circuit via the diode and the output voltage of the rectifier-filter circuit, the voltage output by the DC-DC converter circuit via the diode and the output voltage of the rectifier-filter circuit will simultaneously serve as the main output of the power supply module to jointly power the load for a period of time, until the output voltage of the rectifier-filter circuit is higher than the voltage output by the DC-DC converter circuit via the diode. That is, during this power supply process, there will be a short-term joint power supply condition between the rectifier-filter circuit and the DC-DC converter circuit, which facilitates a smooth transition in the power supply output of the power supply module and ensures the stability of the power supply module's output voltage, thus enhancing its applicability.

[0020] In conjunction with the fourth possible implementation of the second aspect, in the fifth possible implementation, the controller is further configured to: respond to the input voltage of the high-frequency converter circuit being greater than the minimum operating input voltage of the high-frequency converter circuit, and upon detecting that the output voltage of the rectifier filter circuit is greater than the voltage output by the DC-DC converter circuit via the diode, control the rectifier filter circuit to conduct and control the voltage output by the DC-DC converter circuit via the diode to be less than the rated input voltage of the load. Since the output voltage of the rectifier filter circuit is greater than the voltage output by the DC-DC converter circuit via the diode, it can be concluded that the main output of the power supply module is provided by the rectifier filter circuit. Therefore, the controller can control the voltage output by the DC-DC converter circuit via the diode to be less than the rated input voltage of the load, thus not affecting the normal operating efficiency of the power supply module and making it more versatile.

[0021] Thirdly, this application provides an electronic device comprising a power module provided in any of the first to seventh possible embodiments described above, or a controller provided in any of the second to fifth possible embodiments described above. Because the power module has a longer power-off retention time, lower cost, and smaller size, it can meet the high power density requirements of electronic devices, and is also more cost-effective and widely applicable.

[0022] Based on this application, the residual voltage of the input power supply can be fully utilized to extend the power-down retention time of the power module, resulting in lower cost, smaller footprint, and wider applicability. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1A This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in this application;

[0024] Figure 1BThis is another structural schematic diagram of the electronic device provided in this application;

[0025] Figure 2A This is another structural schematic diagram of the electronic device provided in this application;

[0026] Figure 2B This is another structural schematic diagram of the electronic device provided in this application;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a power supply module.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a power module provided in this application;

[0029] Figure 5A This is another structural schematic diagram of the power module provided in this application;

[0030] Figure 5B This is another structural schematic diagram of the power module provided in this application;

[0031] Figure 6A This is a circuit diagram of a power module provided in this application;

[0032] Figure 6B This is another circuit diagram of the power supply module provided in this application. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The power module, controller for the power module, and electronic equipment provided in this application will be described below with reference to the illustrations.

[0034] The electronic devices provided in this application embodiment can be mobile phones, laptops, computer cases, electric vehicles, smart speakers, smartwatches, or wearable devices.

[0035] Figure 1A This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in this application. For example... Figure 1A As shown, the electronic device 1 includes a power supply module 10 and a load 20. The power supply module 10 is used to receive an input voltage V. in and provides output voltage V out Power is supplied to load 20.

[0036] Figure 1B This is another structural schematic diagram of the electronic device provided in this application. For example... Figure 1B As shown, electronic device 1 includes a power supply module 10, a load 20, and an input power supply 30. The input power supply 30 is used to receive an input voltage V. in It also supplies power to the power module 10. The power module 10 receives power from the input power supply 30 and provides an output voltage V. outPower is supplied to load 20.

[0037] The electronic device provided in this application embodiment may be a power adapter, charger, charging head, or server power supply. Server power supplies may include, but are not limited to, common redundant power supplies (CRPS) series.

[0038] Figure 2A This is another structural schematic diagram of the electronic device provided in this application. For example... Figure 2A As shown, electronic device 1 includes a power supply module 10. The power supply module 10 is used to receive an input voltage V. in and provides output voltage V out .

[0039] Figure 2B This is another structural schematic diagram of the electronic device provided in this application. For example... Figure 2B As shown, the electronic device 1 includes a power supply module 10 and an input power supply 30. The input power supply 30 is used to receive an input voltage V. in It also supplies power to the power module 10. The power module 10 receives power from the input power supply 30 and provides an output voltage V. out .

[0040] In this embodiment, the input power supply 30 may further include an energy storage device. In one embodiment, the input voltage V of the electronic device 1... in In the event of a power outage or a drop, the energy storage device of the input power supply 30 can supply power to the power module 10 for a period of time.

[0041] In this embodiment, the power module 10 may further include an energy storage device. In one embodiment, the input voltage V of the electronic device 1... in In the event of a power outage or voltage drop. In one embodiment, when the input power supply 30 experiences a power outage or a voltage drop in the output voltage of the input power supply 30, the energy storage device of the power module 10 can supply power to the power module 10 for a period of time.

[0042] In this embodiment, the electronic device 1 may include multiple power modules 10, each of which receives power from the input power supply 30 and provides an output voltage V. out Power is supplied to load 20. In one embodiment, electronic device 1 may include multiple loads 20, and power module 10 receives power from input power supply 30 and provides multiple output voltages V. out The electronic device 1 provides power to multiple loads 20 respectively. In one embodiment, the electronic device 1 may include multiple power modules 10 and multiple loads 20, with the multiple power modules 10 respectively providing multiple output voltages V. out Powers multiple loads 20.

[0043] In this embodiment, the load 20 of the electronic device 1 may include one or more of a power-consuming device, an energy storage device, or an external device. In one embodiment, the load 20 may be a power-consuming device of the electronic device 1, such as a processor or a display. In one embodiment, the load 20 may be an energy storage device of the electronic device 1, such as a battery. In one embodiment, the load 20 may be an external device of the electronic device 1, such as a display, a keyboard, or other electronic devices.

[0044] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of a power supply module. (Example) Figure 3 As shown, the power supply module 10 includes a high-frequency conversion circuit 101, a transformer T1, a rectifier and filter circuit 102, and a controller 100. The high-frequency conversion circuit 101 receives the output voltage from the power supply 31. The high-frequency conversion circuit 101 may include a forward converter, a single-ended flyback converter, a push-pull converter, a half-bridge converter, or a full-bridge converter. The transformer T1 receives the output voltage from the high-frequency conversion circuit 101 and performs voltage transformation. The transformer T1 includes a primary winding and a secondary winding. The rectifier and filter circuit 102 receives the output voltage from the transformer T1 and performs rectification and filtering before supplying power to the load 21. The rectifier and filter circuit 102 may include a rectifier circuit and a filter circuit. The input terminal of the high-frequency conversion circuit 101 is connected to the power supply 31, and the output terminal of the high-frequency conversion circuit 101 can be connected to the input terminal of the rectifier and filter circuit 102 via the transformer T1. The output terminal of the rectifier and filter circuit 102 is connected to the load 21.

[0045] In this embodiment, when the power supply 31 is supplying power normally, the power module 10 can supply power to the load 21 normally. However, when the output voltage of the power supply 31 drops, the output voltage of the input power supply 31 will decrease accordingly, and the output voltage of the power module 10 will also decrease, thereby affecting the normal power supply to the load 21. Therefore, when the output voltage of the power supply 31 drops, the power supply stability of the power module 10 and the electronic devices using the power module 10 are poor and the power loss retention time is short.

[0046] For example, the rated output voltage of power supply 31 is 480V, the minimum operating input voltage of power supply module 10 is 360V, and the rated input voltage of load 21 is 12V. When power supply 31 is supplying power normally, the output voltage of power supply 31 is the rated output voltage of 480V, the output voltage of power supply module 10 is the rated input voltage of load 21 of 12V, and power supply module 10 can supply power to load 21 normally.

[0047] When the output voltage of power supply 31 drops, and the output voltage of power supply 31 is lower than the rated output voltage of 480V, the output voltage of power supply module 10 may be less than the rated input voltage of load 21 of 12V after being converted by high frequency conversion circuit 101, transformer T1 and rectifier filter circuit 102, thus affecting the power supply stability of load 21.

[0048] When the output voltage of power supply 31 drops below the minimum operating input voltage of 360V, after being converted by the high-frequency conversion circuit 101, transformer T1, and rectifier-filter circuit 102, the output voltage of power supply module 10 will further decrease, making it unable to maintain the operation of load 21. Therefore, when the output voltage of power supply module 10 drops, the power supply module 10 and the electronic devices using power supply module 10 experience poor power supply stability and short power-down retention time.

[0049] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of one structure of the power module provided in this application. For example... Figure 4 As shown, the power supply module 10 includes a high-frequency conversion circuit 101, a transformer T1 and a rectifier and filter circuit 102, a DC-DC conversion circuit 103, a diode VD0 and a controller 100.

[0050] The high-frequency conversion circuit 101 is used to receive the output voltage of the input power supply 30. In this embodiment, the high-frequency conversion circuit 101 may include a forward converter circuit, a single-ended flyback converter circuit, a push-pull converter circuit, a half-bridge converter circuit, or a full-bridge converter circuit.

[0051] Transformer T1 is used to receive the output voltage of high-frequency conversion circuit 101 and perform voltage transformation. In this embodiment, transformer T1 includes a primary winding, a secondary winding, and a magnetic core. The primary winding is coupled to the secondary winding through the magnetic core. The primary winding can also be referred to as the primary winding, and the secondary winding can also be referred to as the secondary winding.

[0052] The rectifier-filter circuit 102 receives the output voltage of the transformer T1 and supplies power to the load 20 after rectification and filtering. In this embodiment, the rectifier-filter circuit 102 includes a rectifier circuit and a filter circuit. The rectifier circuit includes a full-bridge synchronous rectifier circuit or a full-wave synchronous rectifier circuit. The filter circuit includes a capacitor filter circuit, an inductor filter circuit, an RC filter circuit, an LC filter circuit, or an active filter circuit.

[0053] The DC-DC converter circuit 103 is used to receive the output voltage of transformer T1 and perform DC-DC conversion.

[0054] Diode VD0 is used to receive the output voltage of DC-DC converter circuit 103 to supply power to load 20. In this embodiment, diode VD0 can also prevent current backflow caused by the output voltage of rectifier filter circuit 102 being greater than the output voltage of diode VD0, thereby ensuring the safety of DC-DC converter circuit 103, extending the service life of DC-DC converter circuit 103, and having strong applicability.

[0055] The controller 100 is used to control the operation of the DC-DC converter circuit 103. In this embodiment, the controller 100 is connected to the DC-DC converter circuit 103 via a wired or wireless connection. In one embodiment, the controller 100 is used to control the on / off state of multiple switching transistors in the DC-DC converter circuit 103, thereby controlling the operation of the DC-DC converter circuit 103.

[0056] In this embodiment, the high-frequency converter circuit 101 receives the output voltage of the input power supply 30, and the transformer T1 receives the output voltage of the high-frequency converter circuit 101, which then powers the load 20 via the rectifier and filter circuit 102. The output of the high-frequency converter circuit 101 can also be connected to the input of a DC-DC converter circuit 103 via the transformer T1. The output of the DC-DC converter circuit 103 can be connected to the load 20 via a diode VD0. The DC-DC converter circuit 103 receives the output voltage of the transformer T1 and powers the load 20 via the diode VD0.

[0057] When the power module 10 provided in this embodiment supplies power to the load 20, the controller 100 can control the voltage output by the DC-DC converter 103 via diode VDO according to the changes in the input power supply 30 of the power module 10. When the input power supply 30 is supplying power normally, the input voltage of the high-frequency converter 101 is greater than or equal to the rated input voltage of the high-frequency converter 101. In response to the input voltage of the high-frequency converter 101 being greater than or equal to the rated input voltage of the high-frequency converter 101, the controller 100 controls the voltage output by the DC-DC converter 103 via diode VDO to be less than the rated input voltage of the load 20.

[0058] After the output voltage of the input power supply 30 drops, the input voltage of the high-frequency converter circuit 101 is less than the rated input voltage of the high-frequency converter circuit 101. The controller 100 is used to control the voltage output by the DC-DC converter circuit 103 via diode VD0 to be greater than or equal to the rated input voltage of the load 20 in response to the input voltage of the high-frequency converter circuit 101 being less than the rated input voltage of the high-frequency converter circuit 101.

[0059] In this embodiment, the input power supply 30 supplies power normally when its output voltage is greater than or equal to its rated output voltage. When the voltage of the input power supply 30 is less than its rated output voltage, the output voltage of the input power supply 30 drops.

[0060] For example, the rated output voltage of the high-frequency converter circuit 101 is 480V, the minimum operating input voltage of the high-frequency converter circuit 101 is 360V, and the rated input voltage of the load 20 is 12V. When the input power supply 30 is supplying power normally, the output voltage of the high-frequency converter circuit 101 is the rated output voltage of 480V. The voltage output by the DC-DC converter circuit 103 through diode VD0 is less than the rated input voltage of the load 20 of 12V. At this time, the DC-DC converter circuit 103 will not supply power to the load 20 through diode VD0, thus not affecting the normal operating efficiency of the power supply module 10, and has strong applicability. When the output voltage of the input power supply 30 drops, and the output voltage of the high-frequency conversion circuit 101 is lower than the rated output voltage of 480V, the output voltage of the input power supply 30, after being converted by the high-frequency conversion circuit 101, transformer T1, DC-DC conversion circuit 103 and diode VD0, the voltage output by the DC-DC conversion circuit 103 through diode VD0 is greater than or equal to the rated input voltage of the load 20 of 12V. At this time, the DC-DC conversion circuit 103 will supply power to the load 20 through diode VD0, thereby improving the power supply stability of the load 20. When the output voltage of the high-frequency conversion circuit 101 is lower than the minimum operating input voltage of 360V, for example, when the output voltage of the high-frequency conversion circuit 101 is 300V, the output voltage of the input power supply 30 is converted by the high-frequency conversion circuit 101, transformer T1, DC-DC conversion circuit 103 and diode VD0. The voltage output by the DC-DC conversion circuit 103 through diode VD0 is greater than or equal to the rated input voltage of the load 20 of 12V. At this time, the DC-DC conversion circuit 103 will supply power to the load 20 through diode VD0, thereby making full use of the remaining voltage of the input power supply 30 to extend the power-down retention time of the power module 10. This ensures that the power module 10 can still operate reliably when the output voltage of the input power supply 30 drops, improving the power supply efficiency and stability of the power module 10 and making it highly applicable.

[0061] This application embodiment provides a DC-DC converter circuit 103 in the power module 10 that supplies power to the load 20 after the output voltage of the input power supply 30 drops, without affecting the operation of the power module 10 when the input power supply 30 is supplying power normally. The control logic is simpler and more reliable. Furthermore, compared to increasing the capacitance of the input power supply 30 or the bus capacitor in the power module 10, the power module 10 provided in this application embodiment has lower cost and smaller footprint, which is beneficial for improving the power density and applicability of the power module 10.

[0062] In one embodiment, when the output voltage of the input power supply 30 drops, the controller 100, in response to the input voltage of the high-frequency converter circuit 101 being less than its rated input voltage, acquires the output voltage of the DC-DC converter circuit 103 or the output voltage of the diode VD0. The controller 100 controls the duty cycle of the DC-DC converter circuit 103 based on the output voltage of the DC-DC converter circuit 103 or the output voltage of the diode VD0, such that the voltage output by the DC-DC converter circuit 103 via the diode VD0 is greater than or equal to the rated input voltage of the load 20 to supply power to the load 20.

[0063] The controller 100 provided in this application embodiment can control the duty cycle of the DC-DC converter 103, thereby controlling the voltage output by the DC-DC converter 103 through diode VDO. This allows the DC-DC converter 103 to seamlessly switch to supply power to the load 20 when the output voltage of the input power supply 30 drops, effectively extending the power-down retention time of the power module 10. Accordingly, the extended power-down retention time of the power module 10 provided in this application embodiment improves the power supply stability and applicability of the power module 10.

[0064] When the power module 10 provided in this embodiment supplies power to the load 20, the controller 100, based on changes in the input power supply 30 of the power module 10, can control not only the voltage output by the DC-DC converter 103 via diode VDO, but also the operation of the high-frequency converter 101, the rectifier-filter circuit 102, and the DC-DC converter 103. Specifically, the controller 100 is used to control the on / off state of multiple switching transistors in the high-frequency converter 101 or the rectifier-filter circuit 102, thereby controlling the operation of the high-frequency converter 101 or the rectifier-filter circuit 102.

[0065] In this embodiment, the controller 100 can be connected to the high-frequency conversion circuit 101 and the rectifier filter circuit 102 via wired or wireless connection.

[0066] The rectifier-filter circuit 102 provided in this application embodiment includes a diode. In this application embodiment, the diode of the rectifier-filter circuit 102 may be a parasitic diode within a field-effect transistor. The diode is used to receive the output voltage of the transformer T1 and to supply power to the load 20.

[0067] In one embodiment, the controller 100, in response to the input voltage of the high-frequency conversion circuit 101 being less than a preset voltage threshold, controls the high-frequency conversion circuit 101 to operate at its lowest operating frequency and controls the rectifier filter circuit 102 to disconnect. The preset voltage threshold is greater than the lowest operating input voltage of the high-frequency conversion circuit 101 but less than the rated input voltage of the high-frequency conversion circuit 101.

[0068] In this embodiment, the minimum operating frequency of the high-frequency conversion circuit 101 can be determined by the specific type of the switching transistor in the high-frequency conversion circuit 101. For example, if the switching transistor in the high-frequency conversion circuit 101 is a metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET), the minimum operating frequency can be set within the range of 50kHz-60kHz.

[0069] For example, the rated output voltage of the high-frequency converter circuit 101 is 480V, the minimum operating input voltage of the high-frequency converter circuit 101 is 360V, the preset voltage threshold of the high-frequency converter circuit 101 is 370V, and the rated input voltage of the load 20 is 12V. When the input voltage of the high-frequency converter circuit 101 drops to the preset voltage threshold of 370V, after being converted by the high-frequency converter circuit 101, transformer T1, DC-DC converter circuit 103, and diode VD0, the voltage output by the DC-DC converter circuit 103 via diode VD0 is the rated input voltage of the load 20, 12V, to power the load 20. Simultaneously, the output voltage of the input power supply 30, after being converted by the high-frequency converter circuit 101, transformer T1, and rectifier-filter circuit 102, has the output voltage of the diode in the rectifier-filter circuit 102 be the rated input voltage of the load 20, 12V, to power the load 20.

[0070] Therefore, it can be seen that during the process of the output voltage of the input power supply 30 dropping, the DC-DC converter circuit 103 and the high-frequency converter circuit 101 in the power supply module 10 provided in this application embodiment can simultaneously supply power to the load 20, which is conducive to the smooth transition of the output voltage of the power supply module 10 and improves the stability and applicability of the power supply module 10.

[0071] In one embodiment, after the DC-DC converter 103 outputs voltage via diode VD0 and the rectifier-filter circuit 102 jointly power the load 20, the input voltage of the high-frequency converter 101 may further drop below a preset voltage threshold. When the input voltage of the high-frequency converter 101 is below the preset voltage threshold, the output voltage of the rectifier-filter circuit 102 may be lower than the voltage output by the DC-DC converter 103 via diode VD0. Accordingly, the output voltage of the rectifier-filter circuit 102 will be reverse-biased by the diode to prevent reverse current from burning out the electronic components in the rectifier-filter circuit 102, thereby improving the safety of the power supply module 10. In addition, when the output voltage of the rectifier-filter circuit 102 is reverse-biased by the diode, the voltage output by the DC-DC converter 103 via diode VD0 continues to power the load 20, thereby improving the power supply stability of the load 20.

[0072] In one embodiment, after the output voltage of the input power supply 30 drops, the input power supply 30 gradually resumes normal power supply, and the output voltage of the input power supply 30 begins to gradually increase. Correspondingly, the input voltage of the high-frequency converter circuit 101 also gradually increases to a level greater than the minimum operating input voltage of the high-frequency converter circuit 101. In response to the input voltage of the high-frequency converter circuit 101 being greater than its minimum operating input voltage, the controller 100 controls the operation of the high-frequency converter circuit 101 and the rectifier-filter circuit 102 such that the output voltage of the rectifier-filter circuit 102 is greater than or equal to the rated input voltage of the load 20, and the controller 100 controls the voltage output by the DC-DC converter circuit 103 via diode VD0 to be less than the rated input voltage of the load 20.

[0073] For example, the minimum operating input voltage of the high-frequency converter circuit 101 is 360V, and the rated input voltage of the load 20 is 12V. During the process of the input power supply 30 restoring normal power supply, the output voltage of the input power supply 30 gradually increases to a level greater than the minimum operating input voltage of the high-frequency converter circuit 101 (360V). Correspondingly, the controller 100 controls the operation of the high-frequency converter circuit 101 and the rectifier-filter circuit 102. The output voltage of the input power supply 30, after conversion by the high-frequency converter circuit 101, transformer T1, DC-DC converter circuit 103, and diode VD0, results in the output voltage of the rectifier-filter circuit 102 being greater than or equal to the rated input voltage of the load 20. Accordingly, the controller 100 controls the voltage output by the DC-DC converter circuit 103 via diode VD0 to gradually decrease from the rated input voltage of the load 20 (12V). At this time, the output voltage of the diode in the rectifier-filter circuit 102 is the rated input voltage of the load 20 (12V) to supply power to the load 20.

[0074] Therefore, during the process of the input power supply 30 restoring normal power supply, the DC-DC converter circuit 103 and the high-frequency converter circuit 101 in the power module 10 provided in this application embodiment can simultaneously supply power to the load 20, which is conducive to the smooth transition of the output voltage of the power module 10 and improves the stability and applicability of the power module 10.

[0075] In one embodiment, when the voltage output by the DC-DC converter 103 via diode VD0 is less than the rated input voltage 12V of the load 20, the output voltage of the power supply module 10 is also less than the rated input voltage 12V of the load 20. At this time, the output voltage of the power supply module 10 is provided by the DC-DC converter 103 via diode VD0. The controller 100 can control the DC-DC converter 103 to continue operating.

[0076] In one embodiment, the voltage output by the DC-DC converter 103 via diode VD0 is less than the rated input voltage 12V of the load 20, and the output voltage of the power supply module 10 is the rated input voltage 12V of the load 20. At this time, the output voltage of the power supply module 10 is provided by the diode in the rectifier-filter circuit 102. The controller 100 can control the DC-DC converter 103 to pause operation or enter standby mode, or the output voltage of the DC-DC converter 103 to be 0.

[0077] In one embodiment, the controller 100 is configured to, in response to the input voltage of the high-frequency converter circuit 101 being greater than its minimum operating input voltage, acquire the output voltage of the DC-DC converter circuit 103 or the output voltage of the diode VD0, and control the duty cycle of the DC-DC converter circuit 103 based on the output voltage of the DC-DC converter circuit 103 or the output voltage of the diode VD0, thereby ensuring that the voltage output by the DC-DC converter circuit 103 via the diode VD0 is less than the rated input voltage of the load 20. Furthermore, the controller 100 is configured to control the switching frequency of the high-frequency converter circuit 101 based on the rated input voltage of the load 20, thereby ensuring that the output voltage of the rectifier-filter circuit 102 is greater than or equal to the rated input voltage of the load 20.

[0078] During the process of the input power supply 30 restoring normal power supply, the controller 100 provided in this application embodiment, in response to the input voltage of the high-frequency conversion circuit 101 being greater than the minimum operating input voltage of the high-frequency conversion circuit 101, detects the output voltage of the rectifier filter circuit 102. In response to the output voltage of the rectifier filter circuit 102 being greater than the voltage output by the DC-DC converter 103 via diode VD0, the controller 100 controls the rectifier filter circuit 102 to conduct and controls the voltage output by the DC-DC converter 103 via diode VD0 to be less than the rated input voltage of the load 20. In one embodiment, controlling the voltage output by the DC-DC converter 103 via diode VD0 to be less than the rated input voltage of the load 20 includes: the DC-DC converter 103 pausing operation or going into standby mode, or the output voltage of the DC-DC converter 103 being 0.

[0079] For example, the minimum operating input voltage of the high-frequency conversion circuit 101 is 360V, and the rated input voltage of the load 20 is 12V. When the output voltage of the input power supply 30 is greater than the minimum operating input voltage of the high-frequency conversion circuit 101 (360V), after conversion by the high-frequency conversion circuit 101, transformer T1, and rectifier-filter circuit 102, the output voltage of the rectifier-filter circuit 102 is greater than or equal to the rated input voltage of the load 20 (12V). At this time, the rectifier-filter circuit 102 can supply power to the load 20. Simultaneously, the output voltage of the input power supply 30, after passing through the high-frequency conversion circuit 101 and transformer T1, does not pass through the DC-DC conversion circuit 103, thus not affecting the operating efficiency of the power module 10 when the input power supply 30 is normally powered, which is beneficial to improving the applicability of the power module 10.

[0080] Figure 5A This is another structural schematic diagram of the power supply module provided in this application. The connection relationship between the high-frequency conversion circuit 101, the rectifier and filter circuit 102, the DC-DC conversion circuit 103, and the transformer T1 in the power supply module 10 provided in this embodiment can be found in [reference needed]. Figure 5A .like Figure 5A As shown, transformer T1 includes a primary winding, a secondary winding, and an auxiliary winding. The primary winding is connected to the output terminal of the high-frequency conversion circuit 101, the secondary winding is connected to the input terminal of the rectifier and filter circuit 102, and the auxiliary winding is connected to the input terminal of the DC-DC conversion circuit 103.

[0081] like Figure 5A As shown, the high-frequency conversion circuit 101 includes capacitors C1 and C2 connected in series, and a conversion circuit 1011. One end of capacitors C1 and C2, excluding the series connection, can serve as the input terminal of the high-frequency conversion circuit 101, and the other end of capacitors C1 and C2, excluding the series connection, can be connected to the input terminal of the conversion circuit 1011. The output terminal of the conversion circuit 1011 can serve as the output terminal of the high-frequency conversion circuit 101 to connect to the primary winding. The aforementioned rectifier-filter circuit 102 includes a rectifier circuit 1021 and a filter circuit 1022. The input terminal of the rectifier circuit 1021 can serve as the input terminal of the rectifier-filter circuit 102 to connect to the secondary winding, and the output terminal of the rectifier circuit 1021 can be connected to the input terminal of the filter circuit 1022. The output terminal of the filter circuit 1022 can serve as the output terminal of the rectifier-filter circuit 102. The DC-DC converter circuit 103 includes a rectifier bridge 1031 and a power conversion circuit 1032. The input terminal of the rectifier bridge 1031 can be used as the input terminal of the DC-DC converter circuit 103 to connect to the auxiliary winding. The output terminal of the rectifier bridge 1031 can be connected to the input terminal of the power conversion circuit 1032. The output terminal of the power conversion circuit 1032 can be used as the output terminal of the DC-DC converter circuit 103.

[0082] In this embodiment, the secondary winding of transformer T1 includes two secondary sub-windings with the same number of turns.

[0083] In one embodiment, the number of turns in the auxiliary winding of transformer T1 is less than or equal to the number of turns in the secondary winding. Controller 100 controls DC-DC converter 103 to boost the output voltage of the auxiliary winding, thereby ensuring that the voltage output by DC-DC converter 103 via diode VD0 is greater than or equal to the rated input voltage of load 20 to supply power to load 20. DC-DC converter 103 includes a boost circuit.

[0084] In one embodiment, the controller 100 may further control the DC-DC converter 103 to reduce the output voltage of the auxiliary winding when the number of turns of the auxiliary winding is greater than the number of turns of the secondary winding, so that the voltage output by the DC-DC converter 103 through the diode VD0 is greater than or equal to the rated input voltage of the load 20 to supply power to the load 20. At this time, the DC-DC converter 103 is a buck circuit.

[0085] Therefore, the power module 10 and controller 100 provided in this application embodiment can control the DC-DC converter circuit 103 to boost or buck the output voltage of the auxiliary winding based on the specific number of turns of the auxiliary winding, thereby improving the applicability of the power module 10 and controller 100. Furthermore, the power module 10 provided in this application embodiment supplies power to the DC-DC converter circuit 103 through the auxiliary winding of the transformer T1, which also makes full use of the internal space of the transformer T1, thus facilitating the miniaturization of the power module 10.

[0086] Figure 5B This is another structural schematic diagram of the power supply module provided in this application. The connection relationships between the high-frequency conversion circuit 101, the rectifier and filter circuit 102, the DC-DC conversion circuit 103, and the transformer T1 in the power supply module 10 provided in this embodiment can be found in [reference needed]. Figure 5B .like Figure 5B As shown, transformer T1 includes a primary winding and a secondary winding. The primary winding is connected to the output terminal of the high-frequency conversion circuit 101. The secondary winding is connected to the input terminal of the rectifier and filter circuit 102.

[0087] The input terminal of the DC-DC converter circuit 103 is connected to the secondary winding of the transformer T1. In this embodiment, the number of turns in the secondary winding is less than the number of turns in the entire secondary winding, and the DC-DC converter circuit 103 is a step-down circuit. The controller 100 controls the DC-DC converter circuit 103 to step down the output voltage of the secondary winding, so that the voltage output by the DC-DC converter circuit 103 through diode VD0 is greater than or equal to the rated input voltage of the load 20 to supply power to the load 20. Accordingly, the power supply module 10 provided in this embodiment supplies power to the DC-DC converter circuit 103 through the secondary winding in the transformer T1, without the need to add an auxiliary winding in the transformer T1, which is beneficial for the miniaturization of the power supply module 10 and the reduction of the cost of the power supply module 10.

[0088] In this embodiment, the DC-DC converter circuit 103 is a step-down circuit. The power transistors in the DC-DC converter circuit 103 can be low-voltage devices such as low-voltage high-current MOSFETs and low-voltage Schottky diodes, which helps reduce the cost of the power supply module 10. Furthermore, since the power transistors inside the DC-DC converter circuit 103 are low-voltage devices, the switching frequency of the DC-DC converter circuit 103 can be increased, and the size of the inductor in the DC-DC converter circuit 103 can be reduced, thereby reducing the size of the DC-DC converter circuit 103 and contributing to the miniaturization of the power supply module 10. In this embodiment, the power transistors in the DC-DC converter circuit 103 include switching transistors and diodes.

[0089] The high-frequency conversion circuit 101 provided in this embodiment includes capacitor C1, capacitor C2, and conversion circuit 1011, wherein capacitor C1 and capacitor C2 are connected in series. One end of the series-connected capacitors C1 and C2 is connected to the input terminal of conversion circuit 1011. The output terminal of conversion circuit 1011 can be used as the output terminal of high-frequency conversion circuit 101 to connect to the primary winding.

[0090] The rectifier-filter circuit 102 includes a rectifier circuit 1021 and a filter circuit 1022. The input terminal of the rectifier circuit 1021 can be used as the input terminal of the rectifier-filter circuit 102 to connect to the secondary winding. The output terminal of the rectifier circuit 1021 can be connected to the input terminal of the filter circuit 1022, and the output terminal of the filter circuit 1022 can be used as the output terminal of the rectifier-filter circuit 102.

[0091] The DC-DC converter circuit 103 includes a rectifier bridge 1031 and a power conversion circuit 1032. The input terminal of the rectifier bridge 1031 can be used as the input terminal of the DC-DC converter circuit 103 to connect to the secondary winding, and the output terminal of the rectifier bridge 1031 can be connected to the input terminal of the power conversion circuit 1032. The output terminal of the power conversion circuit 1032 can be used as the output terminal of the DC-DC converter circuit 103.

[0092] In this embodiment, the conversion circuit 1011 includes a half-bridge conversion circuit, the rectifier circuit 1021 includes a full-wave synchronous rectifier circuit, the filter circuit 1022 includes a capacitor filter circuit, and the DC-DC conversion circuit 103 includes a step-down circuit.

[0093] Figure 6A This is a circuit diagram of a power supply module provided in this application. For example... Figure 6A As shown, the conversion circuit 1011 includes field-effect transistors Q1 and Q2, capacitors C3 and C4. The drain of field-effect transistor Q1 is connected to one end of capacitor C3, serving as the input terminal of conversion circuit 1011, and is connected to one end of capacitor C1 except for the series connection terminal. The source of field-effect transistor Q2 is connected to one end of capacitor C4, serving as the input terminal of conversion circuit 1011, and is connected to one end of capacitor C2 except for the series connection terminal. The source of field-effect transistor Q1 and the drain of field-effect transistor Q2 are connected, serving as the output terminal of conversion circuit 1011, and is connected to the magnetizing inductor L. r The other end of capacitor C3 and the other end of capacitor C4 are connected to the opposite end of the primary winding and then used as the output of the conversion circuit 1011 to connect to the same end of the primary winding.

[0094] The rectifier circuit 1021 includes field-effect transistors Q3 and Q4. The drains D1 to D4 of field-effect transistor Q3 serve as input terminals of the rectifier circuit 1021, connecting to the same-name terminals of the secondary winding. The drains D1 to D4 of field-effect transistor Q4 also serve as input terminals of the rectifier circuit 1021, connecting to the opposite-name terminals of the secondary winding. The sources S1 to S3 of field-effect transistors Q3 and Q4, when connected, serve as the output terminals of the rectifier circuit 1021 and are grounded.

[0095] In one embodiment, the secondary winding includes a center tap CT for dividing the secondary winding into two secondary sub-windings with the same number of turns.

[0096] The filter circuit 1022 includes multiple capacitors connected in parallel. For example, the filter circuit 1022 includes capacitors C7, C8, C9, and C1. 10 Capacitor C 11 Multiple capacitors can have the same or different capacitance values.

[0097] The rectifier bridge 1031 includes diodes VD1 to VD4, and the power conversion circuit 1032 includes an energy storage capacitor C5, a field-effect transistor Q5, a diode VD5, a filter inductor L0, and a filter capacitor C6. Specifically, the anode of diode VD1 and the cathode of diode VD2 are connected together to serve as the input terminal of the rectifier bridge 1031, connecting to one end of the auxiliary winding. The anode of diode VD3 and the cathode of diode VD4 are connected together to serve as the input terminal of the rectifier bridge 1031, connecting to the other end of the auxiliary winding. The cathodes of diode VD1 and VD3 are connected together to serve as the output terminal of the rectifier bridge 1031, connecting to the positive terminal of the energy storage capacitor C5. The anodes of diode VD2 and VD4 are connected together to serve as the output terminal of the rectifier bridge 1031, connecting to the negative terminal of the energy storage capacitor C5. The drains D1 to D4 of the aforementioned field-effect transistor Q5 are connected to the positive terminal of the energy storage capacitor C5. The sources S1 to S3 of the field-effect transistor Q5 are connected to the cathode of diode VD5 and one end of the filter inductor L0. The anode of diode VD5, the negative terminal of energy storage capacitor C5, and one end of filter capacitor C6 are connected together and serve as the output terminal of power conversion circuit 1032 to connect to one end of load 20 and ground. The other end of filter inductor L0 and the other end of filter capacitor C6 are connected together and serve as the output terminal of power conversion circuit 1032 to connect to the anode of diode VD0.

[0098] Figure 6B This is another circuit diagram of the power supply module provided in this application. For example... Figure 6B As shown, the conversion circuit 1011 includes field-effect transistors Q1 and Q2, capacitors C3 and C4. The drain of field-effect transistor Q1 is connected to one end of capacitor C3, serving as the input terminal of conversion circuit 1011, and is connected to one end of capacitor C1 except for the series connection terminal. The source of field-effect transistor Q2 is connected to one end of capacitor C4, serving as the input terminal of conversion circuit 1011, and is connected to one end of capacitor C2 except for the series connection terminal. The source of field-effect transistor Q1 and the drain of field-effect transistor Q2 are connected, serving as the output terminal of conversion circuit 1011, and is connected to the magnetizing inductor L. r The other end of capacitor C3 and the other end of capacitor C4 are connected to the opposite end of the primary winding and then used as the output of the conversion circuit 1011 to connect to the same end of the primary winding.

[0099] In this embodiment, the rectifier circuit 1021 includes field-effect transistors Q3 and Q4. The drains D1 to D4 of field-effect transistor Q3 serve as input terminals of the rectifier circuit 1021, connecting to the same-name terminals of the secondary winding. The drains D1 to D4 of field-effect transistor Q4 serve as input terminals of the rectifier circuit 1021, connecting to the opposite-name terminals of the secondary winding. The sources S1 to S3 of field-effect transistors Q3 and Q4, after being connected, serve as output terminals of the rectifier circuit 1021 and are grounded. In one embodiment, the secondary winding includes a center tap CT, which is used to divide the secondary winding into two secondary sub-windings with the same number of turns. The filter circuit 1022 includes capacitors C7 to C... connected in parallel. 11 And capacitor C7 to capacitor C 11 The two parallel connection terminals can be used as input terminals of filter circuit 1022 to connect the center tap CT and the source of field-effect transistor Q4 respectively, and capacitor C7 to capacitor C 11 The other two parallel connection terminals can serve as the output terminals of the filter circuit 1022 to connect to the two ends of the load 20. In one embodiment, capacitors C7 to C... 11 It can be composed of large-capacity capacitors and / or small-capacity capacitors.

[0100] In this embodiment, the rectifier bridge 1031 includes diodes VD1 to VD4, and the power conversion circuit 1032 includes an energy storage capacitor C5, a field-effect transistor Q5, a diode VD5, a filter inductor L0, and a filter capacitor C6. Specifically, the anode of diode VD1 and the cathode of diode VD2 are connected together to serve as the input terminal of the rectifier bridge 1031, connecting to the opposite-named terminal of the secondary winding. The anode of diode VD3 and the cathode of diode VD4 are connected together to serve as the input terminal of the rectifier bridge 1031, connecting to the same-named terminal of the secondary winding. The cathodes of diodes VD1 and VD3 are connected together to serve as the output terminal of the rectifier bridge 1031, connecting to the positive terminal of the energy storage capacitor C5. The anodes of diodes VD2 and VD4 are connected together to serve as the output terminal of the rectifier bridge 1031, connecting to the negative terminal of the energy storage capacitor C5. The drains D1 to D4 of the aforementioned field-effect transistor Q5 are connected to the positive terminal of the energy storage capacitor C5. The sources S1 to S3 of the field-effect transistor Q5 are connected to the cathode of diode VD5 and one end of the filter inductor L0. The anode of diode VD5, the negative terminal of energy storage capacitor C5, and one end of filter capacitor C6 are connected together and serve as the output terminal of power conversion circuit 1032 to connect to one end of load 20 and ground. The other end of filter inductor L0 and the other end of filter capacitor C6 are connected together and serve as the output terminal of power conversion circuit 1032 to connect to the anode of diode VD0.

[0101] In the embodiments of this application, such as Figure 6A and Figure 6BAs shown, the input power supply 30 includes a DC source (DC) and an energy storage capacitor (C0) connected in parallel. The energy storage capacitor C0 receives the output voltage of the DC source and supplies power to the high-frequency conversion circuit 101. The DC source may include, but is not limited to, photovoltaic power generation devices, electrochemical batteries, or AC / DC rectifier power supplies. In one embodiment, the input power supply 30 may include the energy storage capacitor C0, and the electrical energy stored in the energy storage capacitor C0 is provided by another power source. The energy storage capacitor C0 supplies power to the high-frequency conversion circuit 101. For ease of description, the following example illustrates the input power supply 30 including a DC source (DC) and an energy storage capacitor C0; further details will not be elaborated upon.

[0102] When the DC power source provided in this embodiment is powered off, the output voltage of the energy storage capacitor C0 will continuously drop. The DC power failure can be represented as AC_OK taking effect. When the output voltage of the energy storage capacitor C0 is less than its rated output voltage, the input voltage of the high-frequency conversion circuit 101 is less than its rated input voltage. At this time, the controller 100 controls the field-effect transistor Q5 to conduct and adjusts the duty cycle of the field-effect transistor Q5 according to the output voltage of the DC-DC conversion circuit 103 or the output voltage of the diode VD0. This ensures that the voltage output from the auxiliary winding or secondary winding through the rectifier bridge 1031, the power conversion circuit 1032, and the diode VD0 is greater than or equal to the rated input voltage of the load 20, and then flows through capacitor C7 to capacitor C... 11 After filtering, the power supply is supplied to load 20. The voltage output from the auxiliary winding or secondary winding through the rectifier bridge 1031, the power conversion circuit 1032, and the diode VD0 can be simply referred to as the supply voltage of the auxiliary winding or secondary winding.

[0103] When the output voltage of the energy storage capacitor C0 provided in this embodiment drops to a preset voltage threshold, the input voltage of the high-frequency conversion circuit 101 can also drop to a preset voltage threshold. At this time, the controller 100 controls the switching frequency of field-effect transistors Q1 and Q2 to the minimum operating frequency and controls field-effect transistors Q3 and Q4 to disconnect. This preset voltage threshold can be expressed as V... _PFC_BUS_min At this point, the main output of power module 10 is powered by the secondary winding and the auxiliary winding or the secondary winding together to jointly bear the output load 20 for a period of time, until the supply voltage of the secondary winding is lower than the supply voltage of the auxiliary winding or the secondary winding. At this time, the supply voltage of the secondary winding will be naturally reversed and cut off, and the power supply of the output load 20 will be entirely borne by the auxiliary winding or the secondary winding. Furthermore, the time for the auxiliary winding or the secondary winding to bear the power supply of the output load 20 is less than 10ms or other values, so the wire diameter of the auxiliary winding is smaller, thereby reducing the impact on the winding space and cost of transformer T1; optionally, the cost is even lower if no auxiliary winding is set.

[0104] For example, the ratio of the number of turns in the primary winding N1: the number of turns in the secondary winding N2: the number of turns in the secondary winding N3: the number of turns in the auxiliary winding N4, or the number of turns in the secondary winding N2+N3 = 16:1:1:2, ensures that the initial voltage at the port output by the auxiliary winding or secondary winding through the rectifier bridge 1031 is greater than or equal to twice the voltage output by the secondary winding through the rectifier circuit 1021 and the filter circuit 1022. Its function is that when the output voltage of the energy storage capacitor C0 drops to the minimum operating input voltage of the energy storage capacitor C0 (360V), the voltage output by the secondary winding through the rectifier circuit 1021 and the filter circuit 1022 cannot meet the purpose of providing a stable 12V output from the main circuit to the load 20. The voltage output by the secondary winding through the rectifier circuit 1021 and the filter circuit 1022 can be simply referred to as the supply voltage of the secondary winding. However, when an auxiliary winding and DC-DC converter circuit 103 are configured, or only DC-DC converter circuit 103 is configured, when the output voltage of the energy storage capacitor C0 drops to 300V, the initial port voltage of 18.75V output from the auxiliary winding or secondary winding via the rectifier bridge 1031 is equal to twice the supply voltage of the secondary winding (9.375V). Therefore, the power module 10 can still stably output 12V to supply power to the load 20, thus fully utilizing the remaining voltage of the energy storage capacitor C0 to extend the power-down retention time of the power module 10, making it highly applicable. Here, 18.75V = 300 / 0.5 / 8, where 0.5 refers to the duty cycle of MOSFETs Q1 and Q2, and 8 refers to the ratio between the number of turns N1 of the primary winding and the number of turns N4 of the auxiliary winding or the number of turns N2+N3 of the secondary winding, i.e., 8 = 16 / 2.

[0105] In this embodiment, the output voltage of the energy storage capacitor C0 gradually increases during DC power-off recovery, resulting in a gradual increase in the input voltage of the high-frequency converter circuit 101. DC power-off recovery can be represented as AC_OK failure. When the input voltage of the high-frequency converter circuit 101 exceeds its minimum operating input voltage, the controller 100 controls the duty cycle of the field-effect transistor Q5 based on the output voltage of the DC converter circuit 103 or diode VD0. This causes the supply voltage of the auxiliary winding or secondary winding to gradually decrease to below the rated input voltage of the load 20. Simultaneously, the controller controls the switching frequencies of the field-effect transistors Q1 and Q2 based on the rated input voltage of the load 20, thereby gradually increasing the supply voltage of the secondary winding to above or equal to the rated input voltage of the load 20. This voltage then flows through capacitor C7 to capacitor C... 11After filtering, power is supplied to load 20. During this power supply process, the main output of power module 10 is powered by the secondary winding and auxiliary winding, or by the secondary winding combined, to jointly support the output load 20 for a period of time, until the supply voltage of the secondary winding is higher than the supply voltage of the auxiliary winding or the secondary winding. Further, controller 100 controls MOSFETs Q3 and Q4 to turn on and controls MOSFET Q5 to turn off. At this time, the power supply to output load 20 is entirely supported by the secondary winding.

[0106] In the DC power-off and power-off recovery processes provided in this application embodiment, there is a short-term joint power supply between the secondary sub-winding and the auxiliary winding or the secondary winding. This facilitates a smooth transition of the power supply output of the power module 10 and ensures the stability of the output voltage of the power module 10. In addition, the power supply voltage of the secondary sub-winding and the power supply voltage of the auxiliary winding or the secondary winding both pass through capacitor C7 to capacitor C. 11 After filtering, the power supply to the load 20 will not affect the ripple index of the output voltage of the power module 10 when the DC source is powered off. In other words, the output voltage ripple of the power module 10 can meet the standard, making it more applicable.

[0107] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A power supply module for receiving the output voltage of an input power source to supply power to a load, characterized in that, The system includes a high-frequency conversion circuit, a transformer, a rectifier and filter circuit, a DC-DC conversion circuit, diodes, and a controller. The high-frequency conversion circuit includes capacitors C1 and C2 connected in series, and a conversion circuit. The conversion circuit includes field-effect transistors Q1 and Q2, capacitors C3 and C4. The drain of field-effect transistor Q1 is connected to one end of capacitor C3, serving as the input terminal of the conversion circuit and connecting to one end of capacitor C1 except for the series connection. The source of field-effect transistor Q2 is connected to one end of capacitor C4, serving as the input terminal of the conversion circuit and connecting to one end of capacitor C2 except for the series connection. The source of field-effect transistor Q1 and the drain of field-effect transistor Q2 are connected to the output terminal of the conversion circuit, connecting to the opposite-name terminal of the primary winding of the transformer. The other end of capacitor C3 and the other end of capacitor C4 are connected to the output terminal of the conversion circuit, connecting to the same-name terminal of the primary winding of the transformer. The high-frequency conversion circuit is used to receive the output voltage of the input power supply; The transformer is used to receive the output voltage of the high-frequency conversion circuit and to supply power to the load via the rectifier and filter circuit; The DC-DC converter circuit is used to receive the output voltage of the transformer and supply power to the load via the diode; The controller is configured to respond to a situation where the input voltage of the high-frequency conversion circuit is less than the rated input voltage of the high-frequency conversion circuit. When the input voltage of the high-frequency conversion circuit is detected to drop to a preset voltage threshold, the controller controls the switching frequency of the field-effect transistors Q1 and Q2 to control the high-frequency conversion circuit to operate at its minimum operating frequency and controls the switching transistors in the rectifier filter circuit to disconnect. The controller also controls the DC-DC conversion circuit to boost or buck the output voltage of the received transformer, so that the voltage output by the DC-DC conversion circuit through the diode is greater than or equal to the rated input voltage of the load. The preset voltage threshold is greater than the minimum operating input voltage of the high-frequency conversion circuit and less than the rated input voltage of the high-frequency conversion circuit.

2. The power module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The controller is configured to control the voltage output by the DC-DC converter via the diode to be less than the rated input voltage of the load in response to the input voltage of the high-frequency converter being greater than or equal to the rated input voltage of the high-frequency converter.

3. The power module according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that, The transformer includes a primary winding, a secondary winding, and an auxiliary winding. The primary winding is connected to the output terminal of the high-frequency conversion circuit, the secondary winding is connected to the input terminal of the rectifier and filter circuit, and the auxiliary winding is connected to the input terminal of the DC-DC conversion circuit.

4. The power supply module according to claim 3, characterized in that, The secondary winding includes two secondary sub-windings with the same number of turns; the controller is used for: When the number of turns in the auxiliary winding is less than or equal to the number of turns in the secondary winding, the DC-DC converter is controlled to boost the output voltage of the auxiliary winding; or when the number of turns in the auxiliary winding is greater than the number of turns in the secondary winding, the DC-DC converter is controlled to depress the output voltage of the auxiliary winding, so that the voltage output by the DC-DC converter through the diode is greater than or equal to the rated input voltage of the load.

5. The power module according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that, The transformer includes a primary winding and a secondary winding. The primary winding is connected to the output terminal of the high-frequency conversion circuit, the secondary winding is connected to the input terminal of the rectifier and filter circuit, and the secondary winding is connected to the input terminal of the DC-DC conversion circuit.

6. The power supply module according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that, The controller is also used for: In response to the input voltage of the high-frequency conversion circuit being greater than the minimum operating input voltage of the high-frequency conversion circuit, the voltage output by the DC-DC conversion circuit through the diode is controlled to be less than the rated input voltage of the load, while the output voltage of the rectifier filter circuit is controlled to be greater than or equal to the rated input voltage of the load.

7. The power supply module according to claim 6, characterized in that, The controller is also used for: In response to the input voltage of the high-frequency conversion circuit being greater than the minimum operating input voltage of the high-frequency conversion circuit, when the output voltage of the rectifier filter circuit is detected to be greater than the voltage output by the DC-DC converter through the diode, the switch in the rectifier filter circuit is controlled to be turned on and the voltage output by the DC-DC converter through the diode is controlled to be less than the rated input voltage of the load.

8. A controller for a power supply module, characterized in that, The power supply module is used to receive the output voltage of the input power supply to power the load. The power supply module includes a high-frequency conversion circuit, a transformer, a rectifier and filter circuit, a DC-DC conversion circuit, and a diode. The input power supply is processed by the high-frequency conversion circuit, the transformer, and the rectifier and filter circuit to power the load. The high-frequency conversion circuit includes capacitors C1 and C2 connected in series, and a conversion circuit. The conversion circuit includes a field-effect transistor Q1, a field-effect transistor Q2, capacitors C3 and C4. The drain of the field-effect transistor Q1 is connected to one end of the capacitor C3 to serve as the transformer. The input terminal of the conversion circuit is connected to one end of the capacitor C1 except for the series connection terminal. The source of the field-effect transistor Q2 and one end of the capacitor C4 are connected to serve as the input terminal of the conversion circuit and are connected to one end of the capacitor C2 except for the series connection terminal. The source of the field-effect transistor Q1 and the drain of the field-effect transistor Q2 are connected to serve as the output terminal of the conversion circuit and are connected to the opposite-name terminal of the primary winding of the transformer. The other end of the capacitor C3 and the other end of the capacitor C4 are connected to serve as the output terminal of the conversion circuit and are connected to the same-name terminal of the primary winding of the transformer. The DC-DC converter circuit is used to receive the output voltage of the transformer and supply power to the load via the diode; The controller is configured to respond to a situation where the input voltage of the high-frequency conversion circuit is less than the rated input voltage of the high-frequency conversion circuit. When the input voltage of the high-frequency conversion circuit is detected to drop to a preset voltage threshold, the controller controls the switching frequency of the field-effect transistors Q1 and Q2 to control the high-frequency conversion circuit to operate at its minimum operating frequency and controls the switching transistors in the rectifier filter circuit to disconnect. The controller also controls the DC-DC conversion circuit to boost or buck the output voltage of the received transformer, so that the voltage output by the DC-DC conversion circuit through the diode is greater than or equal to the rated input voltage of the load. The preset voltage threshold is greater than the minimum operating input voltage of the high-frequency conversion circuit and less than the rated input voltage of the high-frequency conversion circuit.

9. The controller according to claim 8, characterized in that, The controller is also used for: In response to the input voltage of the high-frequency conversion circuit being greater than or equal to the rated input voltage of the high-frequency conversion circuit, the voltage output by the DC-DC conversion circuit via the diode is controlled to be less than the rated input voltage of the load.

10. The controller according to any one of claims 8-9, characterized in that, The transformer includes a primary winding, a secondary winding, and an auxiliary winding. The primary winding is connected to the output terminal of the high-frequency conversion circuit, the secondary winding is connected to the input terminal of the rectifier and filter circuit, and the auxiliary winding is connected to the input terminal of the DC-DC conversion circuit. The secondary winding includes two secondary sub-windings with the same number of turns. The control of the DC-DC converter circuit to ensure that the voltage output through the diode is greater than or equal to the rated input voltage of the load includes: When the number of turns in the auxiliary winding is less than or equal to the number of turns in the secondary winding, the DC-DC converter is controlled to boost the output voltage of the auxiliary winding; or when the number of turns in the auxiliary winding is greater than the number of turns in the secondary winding, the DC-DC converter is controlled to depress the output voltage of the auxiliary winding, so that the voltage output by the DC-DC converter through the diode is greater than or equal to the rated input voltage of the load.

11. The controller according to any one of claims 8-9, characterized in that, The controller is also used for: In response to the input voltage of the high-frequency conversion circuit being greater than the minimum operating input voltage of the high-frequency conversion circuit, the voltage output by the DC-DC conversion circuit through the diode is controlled to be less than the rated input voltage of the load, while the output voltage of the rectifier filter circuit is controlled to be greater than or equal to the rated input voltage of the load.

12. The controller according to claim 11, characterized in that, The controller is also used for: In response to the input voltage of the high-frequency conversion circuit being greater than the minimum operating input voltage of the high-frequency conversion circuit, when the output voltage of the rectifier filter circuit is detected to be greater than the voltage output by the DC-DC converter through the diode, the switch in the rectifier filter circuit is controlled to be turned on and the voltage output by the DC-DC converter through the diode is controlled to be less than the rated input voltage of the load.

13. An electronic device, characterized in that, This includes the power module as described in any one of claims 1-7 or the controller as described in any one of claims 8-12.

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