Vital signs monitoring method and vital signs monitoring system

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of vital sign monitoring method and vital sign monitoring system.Vital sign monitoring system includes vital sign acquisition device, signal relay device and signal analysis device.Vital sign monitoring method includes: vital sign acquisition device obtains the multiple vital sign signals of human corresponding parts, processes multiple vital sign signals to generate transmission data, and wirelessly transmits transmission data to signal relay device;Signal relay device receives the transmission data sent by vital sign acquisition device, processes the received transmission data to obtain multiple vital sign signals, and transmits multiple vital sign signals to signal analysis device;Signal analysis device receives multiple vital sign signals and processes multiple vital sign signals to obtain multiple target vital sign signals, and processes multiple target vital sign signals to obtain vital sign signal analysis result.The above-mentioned vital sign monitoring method can get rid of the bondage of wire, and has good effect and precision.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of vital sign monitoring technology, and in particular to a vital sign monitoring method and a vital sign monitoring system. Background Technology

[0002] In related technologies, electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring technology can collect vital signs signals (ECG) of an individual, which can then be processed, analyzed, and used for diagnosis. Current ECG monitoring devices can use multiple ECG acquisition nodes, which are wired together and then transmitted wirelessly through a unified connection port. While this method can monitor the user's multi-lead vital signs and achieve wireless transmission, the wired connection between the ECG acquisition nodes results in lower wearing comfort and significant disruption to the user's daily life. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The embodiments of the present invention provide a vital signs monitoring method and a vital signs monitoring system.

[0004] This invention provides a method for monitoring vital signs. The method is used in a vital signs monitoring system, which includes a vital signs acquisition device, a signal relay device, and a signal analysis device. The vital signs acquisition device acquires vital signs signals of a human body and communicates wirelessly with the signal relay device. The vital signs monitoring method includes:

[0005] The vital signs acquisition device acquires multiple vital signs signals from corresponding parts of the human body, processes the multiple vital signs signals to generate transmission data, and wirelessly transmits the transmission data to the signal relay device.

[0006] The signal relay device receives the transmission data sent by the vital signs acquisition device, processes the received transmission data to obtain the multiple vital signs signals, and transmits the multiple vital signs signals to the signal analysis device.

[0007] The signal analysis device receives and processes the multiple vital sign signals to obtain multiple target vital sign signals, and processes the multiple target vital sign signals to obtain vital sign signal analysis results.

[0008] The aforementioned vital sign monitoring method acquires vital sign signals from specific parts of the human body through a vital sign acquisition device. The data obtained by the vital sign acquisition device based on the processing of the vital sign signals can be wirelessly transmitted to a signal relay device, freeing it from the constraints of wires. This allows for better and more accurate acquisition of vital sign signals and significantly improves the wearing comfort of the device, enabling users to carry out normal activities while using it.

[0009] In some embodiments, the vital signs acquisition device includes multiple acquisition electrodes, which are respectively positioned at different locations on the human body surface to acquire vital sign signals from the corresponding locations.

[0010] The vital signs acquisition device acquires multiple vital signs signals from corresponding parts of the human body, processes the multiple vital signs signals to generate transmission data, and wirelessly transmits the transmission data to the signal relay device, including:

[0011] Multiple vital sign signals of the human body are acquired through the multiple acquisition electrodes, wherein the multiple acquisition electrodes are arranged at corresponding parts of the human body surface according to a preset spatial relative relationship.

[0012] The signal analysis device receives and processes the multiple vital sign signals to obtain multiple target vital sign signals, and processes the multiple target vital sign signals to obtain vital sign signal analysis results, including:

[0013] The signal analysis device receives the plurality of vital sign signals and processes the plurality of vital sign signals to generate the plurality of target vital sign signals;

[0014] Based on the multiple target vital sign signals, the vital sign signal analysis results are generated.

[0015] In some implementations,

[0016] The vital signs acquisition device acquires multiple vital signs signals from corresponding parts of the human body, processes the multiple vital signs signals to generate transmission data, and wirelessly transmits the transmission data to the signal relay device, including:

[0017] The vital signs acquisition device acquires multiple vital signs signals from different parts of the human body and converts the amplitude of each vital signs signal into a one-dimensional array.

[0018] The vital signs acquisition device uses a Logistic mapping to encrypt the one-dimensional array to obtain encrypted transmission data, and then sends the transmission data to the signal relay device, or

[0019] The vital signs acquisition device uses a chaotic system to encrypt the one-dimensional array to obtain encrypted transmission data, and sends the transmission data to the signal relay device. The chaotic system includes a Tent mapping and a Logistic mapping, and the Tent mapping is used to generate multiple initial parameters of the Logistic mapping.

[0020] In some implementations,

[0021] The vital signs acquisition device acquires multiple vital signs signals from corresponding parts of the human body, processes the multiple vital signs signals to generate transmission data, and wirelessly transmits the transmission data to the signal relay device, including:

[0022] The vital signs acquisition device sends a connection request to establish communication to the signal relay device;

[0023] Upon receiving the connection request, the signal relay device verifies the legitimacy of the vital signs acquisition device based on a challenge-response mechanism;

[0024] If the vital signs acquisition device is determined to be legitimate, the signal relay device establishes a communication connection with the vital signs acquisition device.

[0025] In some implementations,

[0026] The vital signs acquisition device acquires multiple vital signs signals from corresponding parts of the human body, processes the multiple vital signs signals to generate transmission data, and wirelessly transmits the transmission data to the signal relay device, including:

[0027] The identification steps include:

[0028] The vital signs acquisition device sends an access request to the signal relay device, and when the signal relay device receives the access request, it performs identity verification on the vital signs acquisition device.

[0029] If the signal relay device recognizes that the vital signs acquisition device is legitimate, it allows the vital signs acquisition device to access the signal relay device.

[0030] The access steps include:

[0031] The vital signs acquisition device sends the transmission data to the signal relay device, and the signal relay device performs carrier sensing on the channel within the preset frequency band to receive the transmission data with a voltage value less than a preset threshold value.

[0032] The signal relay device adjusts the threshold value according to the number of signals in the channel, and receives the transmitted data according to the adjusted threshold value;

[0033] Synchronization steps include:

[0034] The vital signs acquisition device transmits the vital signs signal to the signal relay device at initial power;

[0035] The signal relay device generates a receive response signal based on the vital signs signal and transmits the receive response signal to the vital signs acquisition device;

[0036] The vital signs acquisition device obtains the time point of sending the vital signs signal based on the received response signal, and adjusts the transmission power of the vital signs signal.

[0037] This invention provides a vital signs monitoring system, comprising a vital signs acquisition device, a signal relay device, and a signal analysis device. The vital signs acquisition device is used to acquire vital signs signals of a human body, and the vital signs acquisition device communicates wirelessly with the signal relay device.

[0038] The vital signs acquisition device is used to acquire multiple vital signs signals from corresponding parts of the human body, process the multiple vital signs signals to generate transmission data, and wirelessly transmit the transmission data to the signal relay device.

[0039] The signal relay device is used to receive the transmission data sent by the vital signs acquisition device, process the received transmission data to obtain the multiple vital signs signals, and transmit the multiple vital signs signals to the signal analysis device.

[0040] The signal analysis device is used to receive the multiple vital sign signals and process the multiple vital sign signals to obtain multiple target vital sign signals, and to process the multiple target vital sign signals to obtain vital sign signal analysis results.

[0041] The aforementioned vital sign acquisition device acquires vital sign signals from specific parts of the human body, and the data obtained from processing these vital sign signals can be wirelessly transmitted to a signal relay device, freeing it from the constraints of wires. This allows for better and more accurate acquisition of vital sign signals and significantly improves the comfort of wearing the device, enabling users to perform normal activities while using it.

[0042] In some embodiments, the vital signs acquisition device includes multiple acquisition electrodes, which are respectively positioned at different locations on the human body surface to acquire vital sign signals from the corresponding locations.

[0043] The vital signs acquisition device is used for:

[0044] Multiple vital sign signals of the human body are acquired through the multiple acquisition electrodes, wherein the multiple acquisition electrodes are arranged at corresponding parts of the human body surface according to a preset spatial relative relationship.

[0045] The signal analysis device is used for:

[0046] Receive the plurality of vital sign signals and process the plurality of vital sign signals to generate the plurality of target vital sign signals;

[0047] Based on the multiple target vital sign signals, the vital sign signal analysis results are generated.

[0048] In some embodiments, the vital signs acquisition device is used for:

[0049] Acquire multiple vital sign signals from different parts of the human body, and convert the amplitude of each vital sign signal into a one-dimensional array;

[0050] The one-dimensional array is encrypted using a Logistic mapping to obtain encrypted transmission data, and the transmission data is then sent to the signal relay device, or

[0051] The one-dimensional array is encrypted using a chaotic system to obtain encrypted transmission data, and the transmission data is sent to the signal relay device. The chaotic system includes a Tent map and a Logistic map, and the Tent map is used to generate multiple initial parameters for the Logistic map.

[0052] In some implementations,

[0053] The vital signs acquisition device is used for:

[0054] Send a connection request to establish communication to the signal relay device;

[0055] The signal relay device is used for:

[0056] Upon receiving the connection request, the legitimacy of the vital signs acquisition device is verified based on a challenge-response mechanism;

[0057] If the vital signs acquisition device is determined to be legitimate, the signal relay device establishes a communication connection with the vital signs acquisition device.

[0058] In some embodiments, the vital signs monitoring system is used to perform identification steps, access steps, and synchronization steps, wherein,

[0059] In the identification step,

[0060] The vital signs acquisition device is used to send an access request to the signal relay device, and the signal relay device is used to identify the vital signs acquisition device.

[0061] The signal relay device is also used to allow the vital signs acquisition device to access the signal relay device when it is determined that the vital signs acquisition device is legitimate.

[0062] In the access step,

[0063] The vital signs acquisition device is used to send data signals to the signal relay device.

[0064] The signal relay device is used to perform carrier sensing on a channel within a preset frequency band to receive the data signal with a voltage value less than a threshold value, wherein the data signal includes the vital signs signal;

[0065] The signal relay device is further configured to adjust the threshold value according to the number of signals in the channel, and receive the data signal according to the adjusted threshold value;

[0066] In the synchronization step,

[0067] The vital signs acquisition device is used to transmit the vital signs signal to the signal relay device at an initial power.

[0068] The signal relay device is used to generate a receive response signal based on the vital signs signal and to transmit the receive response signal to the vital signs acquisition device;

[0069] The vital signs acquisition device is also used to acquire the time point of sending the vital signs signal based on the received response signal, and to adjust the transmission power of the vital signs signal.

[0070] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0071] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0072] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the vital signs monitoring method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0073] Figure 2 This is a block diagram of the vital signs monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0074] Figure 3 This is another module diagram of the vital signs monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0075] Figure 4 This is a functional block diagram of the vital signs monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0076] Figure 5 This is another flowchart of the vital signs monitoring method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0077] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of multiple acquisition electrodes arranged on the surface of the human body according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0078] Figures 7A-7D This is a schematic diagram showing the corresponding positions of the acquisition electrodes on the image surface according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0079] Figures 8A-8C This is a schematic diagram illustrating the correction of an orthogonal spatial coordinate system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0080] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the correspondence between the lead ECG signal types and the conversion coefficients in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0081] Figure 10 This is another flowchart of the vital signs monitoring method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0082] Figure 11 This is a flowchart illustrating the encryption of electrocardiogram signals by the vital signs acquisition device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0083] Figure 12 This is another flowchart of the vital signs monitoring method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0084] Figure 13 This is another flowchart illustrating the encryption of electrocardiogram signals by the vital signs acquisition device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0085] Figure 14 This is another flowchart of the vital signs monitoring method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0086] Figure 15 This is a flowchart illustrating the authentication process of the signal relay device for the vital signs acquisition device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0087] Figure 16 This is a flowchart illustrating the calculation of the first response information and the second response information according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0088] Figure 17This is another flowchart of the signal relay device authenticating the vital signs acquisition device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0089] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the module of the signal relay device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0090] Figure 19 This is another flowchart of the vital signs monitoring method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0091] Figure 20 This is another module diagram of the vital signs monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0092] Figure 21 This is a network structure diagram of the vital signs monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0093] Figure 22 This is a flowchart illustrating the identification steps of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0094] Figure 23 This is a flowchart illustrating the access steps according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0095] Figure 24 This is a flowchart illustrating the synchronization steps of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0096] Explanation of key component symbols:

[0097] Vital signs monitoring system 100;

[0098] Vital signs acquisition device 110, first controller 111, acquisition electrode 113, signal relay device 130, second controller 131, signal analysis device 150, and third controller 151. Detailed Implementation

[0099] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0100] In the description of this invention, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the stated features. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0101] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection. They can be mechanical connections or electrical connections. They can be direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium, and can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0102] The disclosure of this invention provides many different embodiments or examples for implementing different structures of the invention. To simplify the disclosure, specific examples of components and arrangements are described below. Of course, these are merely examples and are not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, reference numerals and / or letters may be repeated in different examples; such repetition is for simplification and clarity and does not in itself indicate a relationship between the various embodiments and / or arrangements discussed. In addition, examples of various specific processes and materials are provided in this invention, but those skilled in the art will recognize the application of other processes and / or the use of other materials.

[0103] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 This application provides a vital signs monitoring method, which is used in a vital signs monitoring system 100. The vital signs monitoring system 100 includes a vital signs acquisition device 110, a signal relay device 130, and a signal analysis device 150. The vital signs acquisition device 110 is used to acquire vital signs signals of a human body. The vital signs acquisition device 110 communicates wirelessly with the signal relay device 130. The vital signs monitoring method includes:

[0104] Step S100: The vital signs acquisition device 110 acquires multiple vital signs signals from corresponding parts of the human body, processes the multiple vital signs signals to generate transmission data, and wirelessly transmits the transmission data to the signal relay device 130.

[0105] Step S200: The signal relay device 130 receives the transmission data sent by the vital signs acquisition device 110, processes the received transmission data to obtain multiple vital signs signals, and transmits the multiple vital signs signals to the signal analysis device 150.

[0106] Step S300: The signal analysis device 150 receives and processes multiple vital sign signals to obtain multiple target vital sign signals, and processes the multiple target vital sign signals to obtain vital sign signal analysis results.

[0107] The vital signs monitoring method of this application embodiment can be implemented by the vital signs monitoring system 100 of this application embodiment. Specifically, please refer to... Figure 2 The vital signs monitoring system 100 includes a vital signs acquisition device 110, a signal relay device 130, and a signal analysis device 150. The vital signs acquisition device 110 acquires vital signs signals from the human body. The vital signs acquisition device 110 communicates wirelessly with the signal relay device 130. The vital signs acquisition device 110 acquires multiple vital signs signals from corresponding parts of the human body, processes these signals to generate transmission data, and wirelessly transmits the data to the signal relay device 130. The signal relay device 130 receives the transmission data sent by the vital signs acquisition device 110, processes the received data to acquire multiple vital signs signals, and transmits these signals to the signal analysis device 150. The signal analysis device 150 receives and processes these signals to acquire multiple target vital signs signals, and further processes these target signals to obtain vital signs signal analysis results.

[0108] Specifically, the vital signs acquisition device 110 includes a first controller 111, which can be used to acquire multiple vital signs signals from corresponding parts of the human body, process the multiple vital signs signals to generate transmission data, and wirelessly transmit the transmission data to the signal relay device 130; the signal relay device 130 includes a second controller 131, which can be used to receive the transmission data sent by the vital signs acquisition device 110, process the received transmission data to acquire multiple vital signs signals, and transmit the multiple vital signs signals to the signal analysis device 150; the signal analysis device 150 includes a third controller 151, which can be used to receive and process the multiple vital signs signals to acquire multiple target vital signs signals, and process the multiple target vital signs signals to acquire vital signs signal analysis results.

[0109] The aforementioned vital sign monitoring method and vital sign acquisition device 110 acquire vital sign signals from specific parts of the human body through the vital sign acquisition device 110. Furthermore, the transmission data obtained by the vital sign acquisition device 110 based on the processing of the vital sign signals can be wirelessly transmitted to the signal relay device 130, thus eliminating the constraints of wires. This allows for better and more accurate acquisition of vital sign signals and significantly improves the wearing comfort of the device, enabling users to perform normal activities while using it.

[0110] Specifically, vital signs signals can include electrocardiogram (ECG) signals. Among related technologies, ECG monitoring technology has become one of the hottest research topics globally in recent years. The key to ECG monitoring technology lies in accurately acquiring an individual's ECG signals, which can then be processed, analyzed, and used for diagnosis. There are various ECG monitoring lead configurations, each capable of acquiring ECG information with different clinical and research values. Generally, multi-lead ECGs can acquire more ECG signals than single-lead ECGs, allowing for comprehensive monitoring of heart health and thus improving the accuracy of ECG analysis and diagnosis.

[0111] Currently, ECG monitoring leads are mainly divided into two categories. The first category is single-lead ECG monitoring, which can collect, record, and analyze a user's single-lead ECG data. However, due to its single-lead nature, it cannot comprehensively monitor heart health, thus serving only as a daily health consumer product and cannot truly be used as a basis for assessing heart condition to assist doctors in diagnosis and treatment. The second category is multi-lead ECG monitoring, characterized by the use of multiple ECG acquisition nodes, which are wired together and then uploaded via a unified wireless connection port. While this method can monitor the user's multi-lead ECG signals and achieve wireless transmission, the ECG acquisition nodes are still connected via wires, resulting in lower wearing comfort and significant impact on the user's daily life.

[0112] Please combine Figure 3 In other embodiments of the present invention, the number of vital sign acquisition devices 110 can be multiple. Specifically, in such an embodiment, multiple vital sign acquisition devices 110 can be sequentially attached to the user's body surface at position V (lower sternum, level with the 5th intercostal space), position LL (left mid-axillary line, parallel to position V), and position LA (upper sternum, perpendicular to position V), according to the lead requirements, thereby enabling real-time acquisition of multiple multi-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) signals from the user. Each vital sign acquisition device 110 has a wireless data transmission function. After the ECG acquisition is completed, it can transmit the acquired ECG data to an ECG relay device via a proprietary short-range wireless transmission protocol. After receiving all the ECG data, the ECG relay device can synchronize and integrate the data to obtain multiple corresponding ECG signals, and transmit all the ECG signals to the signal analysis device 150 via Bluetooth protocol. After receiving all the ECG signals, the signal analysis device 150 can process them to obtain multiple target vital sign signals, and obtain ECG signal analysis results based on the multiple target vital sign signals.

[0113] In other words, the embodiments of the present invention can realize the real-time monitoring and calculation of the user's multi-lead electrocardiogram data, thereby enabling real-time monitoring, recording and feedback of cardiac function.

[0114] In such an implementation, please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 The vital signs acquisition device 110 includes two electrocardiogram (ECG) signal acquisition patches (ECG signal acquisition patch 1 and ECG signal acquisition patch 2), an ECG signal acquisition analog circuit, a digital signal processing circuit, a node access authentication circuit, a data encryption / decryption circuit, a proprietary short-range wireless transmission protocol circuit, and a wireless charging power supply circuit. The two ECG signal acquisition patches are worn on the user's chest. The ECG signal acquisition patches are connected to the input of the ECG signal acquisition analog circuit. The output of the ECG signal acquisition analog circuit is connected to the input of the digital signal processing circuit. The output of the digital signal processing circuit is connected to the input of the node access authentication circuit. The output of the node access authentication circuit is connected to the input of the data encryption / decryption circuit. The output of the data encryption / decryption circuit is connected to the input of the proprietary short-range wireless transmission protocol circuit. The output of the proprietary short-range wireless transmission protocol circuit transmits the acquired ECG data to the signal relay device 130. The ECG signal acquisition patch is used to acquire ECG signals. The analog and digital signal processing circuits for acquiring the ECG signals perform analog-to-digital processing. The node access authentication circuit authenticates the access request from the processed ECG signal. The data encryption / decryption circuit encrypts the ECG signal. The proprietary short-range wireless transmission protocol circuit transmits the encrypted ECG signal to the signal relay device 130 using the proprietary short-range wireless transmission protocol. The analog and digital signal processing circuits for acquiring the ECG signals, the node access authentication circuit, the data encryption / decryption circuit, and the proprietary short-range wireless transmission protocol circuit are all connected to the wireless charging power supply circuit. The two ECG signal acquisition patches can be located at either end of the vital signs acquisition device 110, or at other locations within the vital signs acquisition device 110.

[0115] In such an implementation, please combine with Figure 3 and Figure 4The signal relay device 130 includes a proprietary short-range wireless transmission protocol circuit, a node access authentication circuit, a data encryption / decryption circuit, a data storage circuit, a low-power Bluetooth circuit, and a wireless charging power supply circuit. The proprietary short-range wireless transmission protocol circuit is connected to the input of the node access authentication circuit. The output of the node access authentication circuit is connected to the input of the data encryption / decryption circuit. The output of the data encryption / decryption circuit is connected to the input of the data storage circuit. The output of the data storage circuit is connected to the input of the low-power Bluetooth circuit, and the ECG signal is transmitted to the signal analysis device 150 via the low-power Bluetooth circuit. The proprietary short-range wireless transmission protocol circuit receives the ECG signal sent by the vital signs acquisition device 110. The node access authentication circuit authenticates the received ECG signal. The data encryption / decryption circuit decrypts the ECG signal. The data storage circuit stores the ECG signal. The low-power Bluetooth circuit transmits the ECG signal to the signal analysis device 150 via Bluetooth. The proprietary short-range wireless transmission protocol circuit, node access authentication circuit, data encryption / decryption circuit, data storage circuit, and low-power Bluetooth circuit are all connected to the wireless charging power supply circuit.

[0116] In such an implementation, please combine with Figure 3 and Figure 4 The signal analysis device 150 includes a low-power Bluetooth module, a multi-lead ECG signal calculation module, a real-time ECG data display module, an ECG data storage module, an ECG data playback module, and a heart health analysis feedback module. The low-power Bluetooth module is connected to the input of the multi-lead ECG signal calculation module; the output of the multi-lead ECG signal calculation module is connected to the input of the real-time ECG data display module; the output of the real-time ECG data display module is connected to the input of the ECG data storage module; and the output of the ECG data storage module is connected to the ECG data playback module and the heart health analysis feedback module.

[0117] In other embodiments, vital signs signals may include electrocardiogram (ECG) signals, blood oxygen saturation (ROS) signals, blood pressure signals, body temperature signals, and respiration signals. In the following embodiments, it is understood that acquiring vital signs signals may involve acquiring one or more of these signals, including ECG, ROS, blood pressure, body temperature, and respiration, depending on the specific implementation. The specific types of vital signs signals acquired in other embodiments are not limited here.

[0118] Please refer to Figure 2 In some embodiments, the vital signs acquisition device 110 includes a plurality of acquisition electrodes 113. The plurality of acquisition electrodes 113 are respectively positioned at different locations on the human body surface to acquire vital sign signals at the corresponding locations. Please refer to... Figure 5 Step S100 includes:

[0119] Step S111: Acquire multiple vital sign signals of the human body through multiple acquisition electrodes 113, wherein the multiple acquisition electrodes 113 are arranged on corresponding parts of the human body surface according to a preset spatial relative relationship;

[0120] Step S112: The signal analysis device 150 receives multiple vital sign signals and processes the multiple vital sign signals to generate multiple target vital sign signals;

[0121] Step S113: Generate vital sign signal analysis results based on multiple target vital sign signals.

[0122] The electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring method provided in this embodiment of the invention can be implemented using the ECG monitoring system 100 provided in this embodiment of the invention. Specifically, please refer to... Figure 2 The vital signs acquisition device 110 is used to acquire multiple electrocardiogram (ECG) signals from the human body through multiple acquisition electrodes 113, wherein the multiple acquisition electrodes 113 are arranged at corresponding parts on the surface of the human body according to a preset spatial relationship; the signal analysis device 150 is used to receive multiple ECG signals, process the multiple ECG signals to generate multiple target vital signs signals, and generate vital signs signal analysis results based on the multiple target vital signs signals.

[0123] Specifically, the first controller 111 of the vital signs acquisition device 110 can be used to acquire multiple electrocardiogram (ECG) signals from the human body through multiple acquisition electrodes 113, wherein the multiple acquisition electrodes 113 are arranged at corresponding locations on the surface of the human body according to a preset spatial relationship. The third controller 151 of the signal analysis device 150 can be used to receive multiple ECG signals, process the multiple ECG signals to generate multiple target vital signs signals, and generate ECG signal analysis results based on the multiple target vital signs signals.

[0124] This reduces the number of acquisition electrodes 113 that need to be set up, making it easier for users to use and wear the device while ensuring the accuracy of the acquired ECG signals.

[0125] Specifically, vital signs signals can be electrocardiogram (ECG) signals, and target vital signs signals can be target lead ECG signals. Among related technologies, electrocardiography (ECG) is one of the most widely used and mature examination methods in clinical applications. It uses an ECG machine to record the electrical activity changes of the heart during each cardiac cycle from the body surface. It is an objective indicator of the heart's occurrence, propagation, and recovery processes, and is widely used in clinical diagnosis and health monitoring, serving as one of the important bases for assessing human health. Furthermore, due to the maturity of ECG technology, it can non-invasively record various potential waveforms of cardiac activity from the human body surface, making it an important component of Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs) for collecting and monitoring human physiological data.

[0126] It is understandable that the action potential of myocardial cells is the fundamental cause of an electrocardiogram (ECG). When a portion of the myocardial cell membrane (negative inside, positive outside) in a resting state is stimulated mechanically, electrically, or chemically, the corresponding ion channels open, causing a change in the sign of the local charge on both sides of the membrane. The outside of the membrane becomes negatively charged, and the inside becomes positively charged. In physics, these two surfaces or poles with equal and opposite charges at a very small distance are called a "dipole." A potential difference appears at the two ends of a myocardial fiber, and current flows from the source to the sink. This local current, like a dipole, propagates forward along the cell membrane. Due to the irregular shape and distribution of connections between myocardial cells, they exhibit anisotropy in electrical conductivity. For the entire heart, at any given moment, many dipoles are simultaneously moving in different directions. The diffusion of each dipole, composed of a source and a sink, to other parts of the heart has a certain direction and potential magnitude, forming an electric vector. At the same moment, the electric vectors of countless myocardial cells can be integrated into a comprehensive vector with direction and magnitude (an instantaneous vector). By shifting the starting point of all instantaneous vectors to a predetermined center of the heart and connecting the ending points of all instantaneous vectors sequentially, a vector loop can be formed. This vector loop can express all the physical information of the cardiac potential field.

[0127] When an electrocardiogram (ECG) signal is transmitted to an electrocardiograph (ECG) machine via electrodes, it is filtered and amplified to be recorded as an ECG waveform. The electrode connection method for recording an ECG is called a lead. An ECG records the combined potential changes of the action potentials of all myocardial cells. The recorded ECG waveform can be affected by the transmembrane potential difference of cells and the position of the recording electrodes in the electric field generated by the electrical couple. According to the theory of cardiac vectors, the ECG waveform recorded in a certain lead depends on the direction of that lead (the direction of the spatial vector formed by the position of the recording electrodes on the human body surface, i.e., the lead axis direction). A quantified ECG can be generated based on the projection of the time-varying cardiac vector onto the lead axis.

[0128] The lead vector can be defined as the relationship between the potential of a single thermocouple fixed in position within a volume conductor and the voltage it generates in a particular lead. Assuming the human body is a homogeneous volume conductor, the potential intensity at a point within the conductor is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from that point to the center of the thermocouple, and the angle between that point and the thermocouple axis is also related to the magnitude of the potential. This can be expressed by the formula:

[0129] V=E·cosθ / r2

[0130] Where V is the potential at a point in the volume conductor, E represents the potential difference of the dipole, r is the distance from the point to the center of the dipole, and θ is the angle formed by the line connecting the point and the center of the dipole and the axis of the dipole.

[0131] Since the vector loop formed by the heart during depolarization and repolarization expresses all the physical information of the cardiac potential field, an electrocardiogram (ECG) can be generated by the dot product of the vector loop and the lead vector (corresponding to the formula above). That is, the ECG is the product of the projection of the vector loop onto the projection axis and the length of the projection axis. Here, the lead vector (lead axis) is the external factor in the formation of the ECG, and the cardiac vector (vector loop) is the internal factor. At the same moment, ECGs obtained through different leads express the same spatial vector loop in different orientations.

[0132] In summary, there are specific mathematical relationships between the ECG signals obtained from different leads at the same time. By processing all the acquired ECG signals through such mathematical relationships, the target lead ECG signals for all leads can be obtained, and the corresponding ECG signal analysis results can be generated.

[0133] In some embodiments, the corresponding locations include a first location, a second location, a third location, and a fourth location. The number of acquisition electrodes 113 is four. Multiple electrocardiogram (ECG) signals include a first ECG signal, a second ECG signal, and a third ECG signal. Step S111 includes:

[0134] The first electrocardiogram signal is obtained based on the voltage signals from the first and fourth parts.

[0135] The second electrocardiogram signal is obtained based on the voltage signals from the second and fourth sites.

[0136] The third electrocardiogram signal is obtained based on the voltage signals from the second and third sites.

[0137] The vital signs monitoring method provided in this invention can be implemented using the vital signs monitoring system 100 provided in this invention. Specifically, please refer to... Figure 2 The vital signs acquisition device 110 is used to acquire a first electrocardiogram (ECG) signal based on the voltage signals of the first part and the fourth part; and to acquire a second ECG signal based on the voltage signals of the second part and the fourth part; and to acquire a third ECG signal based on the voltage signals of the second part and the third part.

[0138] Specifically, the first controller 111 of the vital signs acquisition device 110 may be used to acquire a first electrocardiogram (ECG) signal based on the voltage signals of the first part and the fourth part; and to acquire a second ECG signal based on the voltage signals of the second part and the fourth part; and to acquire a third ECG signal based on the voltage signals of the second part and the third part.

[0139] In this way, the number of acquisition electrodes 113 can be reduced while ensuring that all target lead ECG signals can be obtained.

[0140] Please combine Figure 6 ,exist Figure 6 In the embodiment shown, there are four acquisition electrodes 113. The acquisition electrode 113(E) corresponding to the first part is located at the lower sternum at the level of the fifth intercostal space. The acquisition electrode 113(A) corresponding to the second part is located at the left mid-axillary line on the same horizontal plane as (E). The acquisition electrode 113(I) corresponding to the third part is located at the right mid-axillary line on the same horizontal plane as (E). The acquisition electrode 113(S) corresponding to the fourth part is located at the upper sternum. The four acquisition electrodes 113 are respectively set at the corresponding parts mentioned above, so that the corresponding voltage signals can be acquired respectively.

[0141] Specifically, by determining the voltage signal V of the first part E and the voltage signal V of the fourth part S The voltage V of the first electrocardiogram signal can be determined. ES By determining the voltage signal V at the second location. A and the voltage signal V of the fourth part S The voltage V of the second electrocardiogram signal can be determined. AS By determining the voltage signal V at the second location. Aand the voltage signal V of the third part I The voltage V of the third electrocardiogram signal can be determined. AI The voltages of the first, second, and third electrocardiogram (ECG) signals can be determined according to corresponding calculation formulas. In one embodiment, the voltage V of the first ECG signal... ES It can be determined using the following formula:

[0142] V ES =V E -V S

[0143] In addition, please combine Figure 6 In the illustrated embodiment, the vital signs monitoring system 100 further includes a grounding electrode 112(G) for placement on the surface of the human body. The grounding electrode 112(G) is used to sequentially determine the voltage (i.e., V) of the first, second, third, and fourth body parts relative to the grounding electrode 112(G). E V A V I V S This allows for the sequential determination of the first, second, and third electrocardiogram (ECG) signals. The grounding electrode 112(G) can be placed at any location on the human body surface or at a pre-grounded location outside the human body.

[0144] In some embodiments, the plane formed by the first, second, and third portions is parallel to the horizontal plane. Specifically, when the plane formed by the first, second, and third portions is parallel to the horizontal plane, the plane formed by the three acquisition electrodes 113(E), (A), and (I) can also be parallel to the horizontal plane. This allows for convenient generation of the target lead ECG signal using a preset orthogonal spatial coordinate system, thereby enabling faster acquisition of the target lead ECG signal to generate ECG signal analysis results.

[0145] For ease of description, the following embodiments will still be described with the following configurations: the collecting electrode 113(E) corresponding to the first location is located at the level of the fifth intercostal space on the lower sternum; the collecting electrode 113(A) corresponding to the second location is located at the level of the left mid-axillary line on the same horizontal plane as (E); the collecting electrode 113(I) corresponding to the third location is located at the level of the right mid-axillary line on the same horizontal plane as (E); and the collecting electrode 113(S) corresponding to the fourth location is located at the level of the upper sternum. It should be noted that in other embodiments, the actual positions of the first to fourth locations on the human body surface can be adjusted according to different circumstances, and are not limited to the specific positions on the human body surface described in the above embodiments. The number of collecting electrodes 113 can also be two, three, four, or more.

[0146] In addition, it should be noted that the specific principle of the above implementation method can also be implemented through the following implementation methods:

[0147] The vital signs monitoring system 100 includes a vital signs acquisition device 110, which has four acquisition electrodes 113. The four acquisition electrodes 113 are used to acquire voltage signals from the first to the fourth parts, and then acquire the first electrocardiogram signal, the second electrocardiogram signal and the third electrocardiogram signal.

[0148] The vital signs monitoring system 100 includes two vital signs acquisition devices 110. Each vital signs acquisition device 110 has two acquisition electrodes 113. The two acquisition electrodes 113 of one vital signs acquisition device 110 are used to acquire voltage signals of two of the first to fourth parts, respectively. The two acquisition electrodes 113 of the other vital signs acquisition device 110 are used to acquire voltage signals of the other two of the first to fourth parts, respectively, and thereby acquire the first electrocardiogram signal, the second electrocardiogram signal and the third electrocardiogram signal.

[0149] The vital signs monitoring system 100 includes four vital signs acquisition devices 110, each having two acquisition electrodes 113. The two acquisition electrodes 113 of the first vital signs acquisition device 110 are respectively set at a first location and a fourth location to acquire a first electrocardiogram (ECG) signal. The two acquisition electrodes 113 of the second vital signs acquisition device 110 are respectively set at a second location and a fourth location to acquire a second ECG signal. The two acquisition electrodes 113 of the third vital signs acquisition device 110 are respectively set at a second location and a third location to acquire a third ECG signal.

[0150] In summary, depending on different actual situations, the vital signs monitoring system 100 can be configured with a corresponding number of vital signs acquisition devices 110, and / or the vital signs acquisition devices 110 can be configured with a corresponding number of acquisition electrodes 113, thereby achieving the same effect. The number of vital signs acquisition devices 110 and the number of acquisition electrodes 113 in other embodiments are not limited here.

[0151] In some implementations, step S112 includes:

[0152] Correct multiple ECG signals to make them orthogonal signals;

[0153] The modified ECG signals are processed to generate multiple target lead ECG signals.

[0154] The vital signs monitoring method provided in this invention can be implemented using the vital signs monitoring system 100 provided in this invention. Specifically, please refer to... Figure 2 The signal analysis device 150 is used to correct multiple electrocardiogram (ECG) signals to make the multiple ECG signals orthogonal; and to process the corrected multiple ECG signals to generate multiple target lead ECG signals.

[0155] Specifically, the third controller 151 of the signal analysis device 150 may be used to correct multiple ECG signals to make the multiple ECG signals orthogonal signals; and to process the corrected multiple ECG signals to generate multiple target lead ECG signals.

[0156] This reduces the deviation of the generated target lead ECG signal.

[0157] Please combine Figure 7C ,in, Figure 7C The image shown is the surface of the human body corresponding to the acquisition electrode 113. Specifically, by placing an electrode at each point on the human body surface, an image can be generated based on all possible lead vectors. Figure 7C The image surface is shown. The image surface can be understood as a virtual three-dimensional spatial surface formed by the leads pointing from the center of the electrical dipoles to the ends of the lead vectors at each point on the body surface. Each point on the body surface has a unique corresponding point on this image surface. The line connecting any two points on the image surface is equivalent to the lead vector of the bipolar lead formed by the corresponding two points on the body surface. The image surface reflects the influence of the body's shape, structure, and the position of the electrical dipoles on the distribution of surface potentials, thus providing complete information for deriving the target lead from the electrocardiogram vector.

[0158] It is understandable that in actual use, when the user wears the device, there may be a deviation between the wearing position of the acquisition electrodes (i.e., the position on the human body surface) and the preset position. This can lead to the acquisition of multiple ECG signals that cannot form orthogonal signals according to the preset spatial coordinate system of the corresponding image surface. Since the ECG signal processing of the signal analysis device 150 is based on the premise that all acquisition electrodes 113 are set in the preset position, in this case, it is necessary to correct the preset spatial coordinate system according to the relative spatial relationship of all acquisition electrodes 113 on the body surface to form orthogonal signals. This ensures that the acquired multiple ECG signals are processed according to the corrected spatial coordinate system, thereby avoiding the problem of deviation in the output analysis results.

[0159] In some implementations, multiple ECG signals are modified to make them orthogonal signals, including:

[0160] Determine the spatial relative positions of the first, second, third, and fourth parts;

[0161] A first correction point O is determined on the line connecting the second and third parts, such that the direction of the first axis L1 passing through the first part and the first correction point O is parallel to the preset first lead vector D1.

[0162] A second correction point P is determined on the line connecting the first and second parts, such that the direction of the second axis L2 passing through the third part and the second correction point P is parallel to the preset second guide vector D2.

[0163] Determine an auxiliary point Q in the plane formed by the first part, the second part, and the third part, such that the direction of the third axis L3 passing through the auxiliary point Q and the fourth part is parallel to the preset third lead vector D3, wherein the first lead vector D1, the second lead vector D2, and the third lead vector D3 constitute an orthogonal spatial coordinate system.

[0164] Multiple electrocardiogram signals are corrected based on the first axis L1, the second axis L2, and the third axis L3.

[0165] The vital signs monitoring method provided in this invention can be implemented using the vital signs monitoring system 100 provided in this invention. Specifically, please refer to... Figure 2 The signal analysis device 150 is used to determine the spatial relative positions between the first part, the second part, the third part, and the fourth part; and to determine a first correction point O on the line connecting the second part and the third part, such that the direction of the first axis L1 passing through the first part and the first correction point O is parallel to a preset first lead vector D1; and to determine a second correction point P on the line connecting the first part and the second part, such that the direction of the second axis L2 passing through the third part and the second correction point P is parallel to a preset second lead vector D2; and to determine an auxiliary point Q located in the plane formed by the first part, the second part, and the third part, such that the direction of the third axis L3 passing through the auxiliary point Q and the fourth part is parallel to a preset third lead vector D3, wherein the first lead vector D1, the second lead vector D2, and the third lead vector D3 constitute an orthogonal spatial coordinate system; and to correct multiple electrocardiogram signals according to the first axis L1, the second axis L2, and the third axis L3.

[0166] Specifically, the third controller 151 of the signal analysis device 150 may be used to determine the spatial relative positions between the first part, the second part, the third part, and the fourth part; and to determine a first correction point O on the line connecting the second part and the third part, such that the direction of the first axis L1 passing through the first part and the first correction point O is parallel to the preset first lead vector D1; and to determine a second correction point P on the line connecting the first part and the second part, such that the direction of the second axis L2 passing through the third part and the second correction point P is parallel to the preset second lead vector D2; and to determine an auxiliary point Q located in the plane formed by the first part, the second part, and the third part, such that the direction of the third axis L3 passing through the auxiliary point Q and the fourth part is parallel to the preset third lead vector D3, wherein the first lead vector D1, the second lead vector D2, and the third lead vector D3 constitute an orthogonal spatial coordinate system; and to correct multiple electrocardiogram signals according to the first axis L1, the second axis L2, and the third axis L3.

[0167] In this way, the corresponding electrocardiogram vectors of all electrocardiogram signals can be corrected.

[0168] Please combine Figure 6 Specifically, in Figures 8A-8C In the embodiment shown, after determining the spatial relative positions of the four acquisition electrodes 113(E), (A), (I), and (S), the following operations can be performed:

[0169] Determine the line connecting (A) and (I), and determine the first correction point O on this line, such that the first axis L1 passing through (E) and the first correction point O is parallel to the preset first lead vector D1 (e.g., Figure 8A (as shown);

[0170] Determine the line connecting (E) and (A), and on this line, determine the second correction point P, such that the second axis L2 passing through (I) and the second correction point P is parallel to the preset second lead vector D2 (e.g., Figure 8B (as shown);

[0171] Define a plane M consisting of (E), (A), and (I). On plane M, determine an auxiliary point Q such that the third axis L3, passing through (S) and the auxiliary point Q, is parallel to a pre-defined third guide vector D3 (e.g., ...). Figure 8C (As shown).

[0172] After determining the first axis L1, the second axis L2, and the third axis L3, a corrected orthogonal spatial coordinate system is established by using the first axis L1 as the z-axis, the second axis L2 as the x-axis, and the third axis L3 as the y-axis. Based on the spatial relationship of the four acquisition electrodes 113 in the corrected orthogonal spatial coordinate system, the corrected electrocardiogram vectors of the corresponding electrocardiogram signals can be obtained sequentially. Please further consider... Figure 7A , Figure 7B , Figure 7D Where E' is the spatial position of the acquisition electrode 113(E) on the image surface, A' is the spatial position of the acquisition electrode 113(A) on the image surface, I' is the spatial position of the acquisition electrode 113(I) on the image surface, and S' is the spatial position of the acquisition electrode 113(S) on the image surface.

[0173] In addition, the vectors D1, D2, and D3 of the first lead can be preset or adjusted according to specific circumstances.

[0174] In some implementations, step S300 includes:

[0175] Multiple target lead ECG signals are calculated using a preset conversion model and multiple ECG signals.

[0176] The vital signs monitoring method provided in this invention can be implemented using the vital signs monitoring system 100 provided in this invention. Specifically, please refer to... Figure 2 The signal analysis device 150 is used to calculate multiple target lead ECG signals using a preset conversion model and multiple ECG signals. Specifically, the third controller 151 of the signal analysis device 150 may be used to calculate multiple target lead ECG signals using a preset conversion model and multiple ECG signals.

[0177] In this way, calculations can be performed on ECG signals from all target leads.

[0178] It is understandable that, for the same individual, although the connection methods and directions of each lead are different, they all record the potential changes generated by the same bioelectric source located in the same finite-volume conductor. This results in a certain mapping relationship between the voltages recorded by each target lead at the same moment. In other words, once the above mapping relationship is determined, the corresponding target lead ECG signal can be derived from the acquired multiple ECG signals.

[0179] In some implementations, the preset conversion model includes multiple conversion coefficients. Vital sign monitoring methods include:

[0180] Based on the correspondence between the ECG signal type of the lead and the conversion coefficient, and the type of the ECG signal of the target lead, determine the conversion coefficient of the corresponding target lead ECG signal;

[0181] Based on the determined conversion coefficients and the preset conversion model, the corresponding target lead ECG signal is calculated.

[0182] The vital signs monitoring method provided in this invention can be implemented using the vital signs monitoring system 100 provided in this invention. Specifically, please refer to... Figure 2 The signal analysis device 150 is used to determine the conversion coefficient of the corresponding target lead ECG signal based on the correspondence between the lead ECG signal type and the conversion coefficient, and the type of the target lead ECG signal; and to calculate the corresponding target lead ECG signal based on the determined conversion coefficient and the preset conversion model.

[0183] Specifically, the third controller 151 of the signal analysis device 150 may be used to determine the conversion coefficient of the corresponding target lead ECG signal based on the correspondence between the lead ECG signal type and the conversion coefficient, and the type of the target lead ECG signal; and to calculate the corresponding target lead ECG signal based on the determined conversion coefficient and the preset conversion model.

[0184] In this way, the target lead ECG signal can be easily obtained.

[0185] Please combine Figure 9 , Figure 9 The diagram illustrates the mapping relationships between multiple conversion coefficients and different types of ECG signals in the target leads. Specifically, based on the different types of ECG signals in the target leads (I, II, IIII, aVR, aVL, aVF, V1, V2, V3, V4, V5, V6), the conversion coefficients (a...) can be determined. i b i c i The actual value of the signal. Given that the voltages corresponding to all ECG signals are known, the calculation can be performed using the following relationship:

[0186] V i =a i V ES +b i V AS +c i V AI

[0187] Wherein, the conversion coefficient a i As V ES Weighting coefficient, conversion coefficient b i As V AS Weighting coefficient, conversion coefficient c i As V AIThe weighting coefficient, V ES V AS V AI Let be the voltage obtained at the same time; i is . Figure 9 The target lead ECG signals of all types are numbered in order from top to bottom. For example, i = 1 indicates that the type of the target lead ECG signal is I, and i = 2 indicates that the type of the target lead ECG signal is II.

[0188] It should be noted that in other implementations, the conversion coefficient may vary depending on the user's gender, age, body fat percentage, and other physical factors. It is understandable that, according to the laws of physics, the electric field distribution formed by the electrical activity of the heart within and on the surface of the human body, a volumetric conductor, follows certain mathematical rules and can be transformed into a computational model. However, the heart contains countless electric dipoles, and the shapes of the thoracic cavity boundaries, the heart itself, and its relative position, along with the heterogeneity and anisotropy of the conductivity of extracardiac tissues (such as lung tissue and blood), all affect the distribution of the electric field, making the determination of the conversion coefficient susceptible to interference from these factors.

[0189] Specifically, in one implementation, the conversion coefficient corresponding to each target lead ECG signal can be adjusted based on the user's gender. In another implementation, the conversion coefficient corresponding to each target lead ECG signal can be adjusted based on the user's age. In yet another implementation, the conversion coefficient corresponding to each target lead ECG signal can be adjusted based on the user's body fat percentage. The adjustment of the conversion coefficient can be determined and implemented sequentially through regression analysis using a large-scale database.

[0190] in addition, Figure 9 The conversion coefficients shown require a total of 12 groups. In other implementations, the number of conversion coefficient groups can be determined based on the total number of types of ECG signals in the target lead.

[0191] Please refer to Figure 10 In some embodiments, step S100 includes:

[0192] Step S121: The vital signs acquisition device 110 acquires multiple vital signs signals from different parts of the human body, and converts the amplitude of each vital signs signal into a one-dimensional array Yn.

[0193] Step S122: The vital signs acquisition device 110 uses Logistic mapping to encrypt the one-dimensional array Yn to obtain the encrypted transmission data, and sends the transmission data to the signal relay device 130.

[0194] The vital signs monitoring method provided in this invention can be implemented using the vital signs monitoring system 100 provided in this invention. Specifically, please refer to... Figure 2 The vital signs acquisition device 110 is used to acquire multiple electrocardiogram signals from different parts of the human body, convert the amplitude of each electrocardiogram signal into a one-dimensional array Yn, and use Logistic mapping to encrypt the one-dimensional array Yn to obtain encrypted transmission data, and send the transmission data to the signal relay device 130.

[0195] Specifically, the first controller 111 of the vital signs acquisition device 110 can acquire multiple electrocardiogram signals from different parts of the human body, convert the amplitude of each electrocardiogram signal into a one-dimensional array Yn, and use Logistic mapping to encrypt the one-dimensional array Yn to obtain encrypted transmission data, and send the transmission data to the signal relay device 130.

[0196] Thus, even with limitations in hardware resources, encryption can be performed using low-complexity algorithms based on different types of physiological data, achieving high encryption performance.

[0197] Specifically, a chaotic system refers to a deterministic system in which seemingly random and irregular motions exist. The pseudo-random sequences generated by a chaotic system possess good randomness and complexity. Because the mappings generated in a chaotic system have inherent non-dynamic properties, they can be directly used as random number generators for data encryption. Thus, it is convenient to establish a mathematical model of the chaotic system and select different levels of encryption for the data stream based on the setting of appropriate chaotic parameters.

[0198] One-dimensional logistic mapping, also known as the insect mouth model, is a mathematically simple one-dimensional discrete logistic mapping. Due to its complex dynamic behavior, it can be widely used in the field of secure communication. Under preset initial conditions, the sequence after the action of the logistic mapping is aperiodic and non-convergent, making the logistic mapping in a chaotic state, thus enabling chaotic encryption of data.

[0199] However, applying Logistic mapping to image encryption requires consideration of its hardware implementation, especially when designing dedicated ASICs (Application Specific Integrated Circuits) to implement chaotic encryption schemes. Significant hardware resource limitations can severely degrade the encryption performance of Logistic mapping. Therefore, ensuring encryption performance under hardware resource constraints becomes a bottleneck in implementing chaotic encryption schemes in hardware.

[0200] It is understandable that, in order to balance hardware resource utilization and encryption performance, different quantization schemes can be proposed for different encryption environments. Specifically, all communication types (i.e., physiological data) in WBANs can be divided into one-dimensional data, two-dimensional data, and medical image data. Corresponding encryption methods can be used for different types of data, so that different types of data are subjected to chaotic encryption at the corresponding quantization precision, and the resulting chaotic sequences still have a certain degree of randomness and chaotic characteristics. For low-dimensional (such as one-dimensional) data, a low-precision quantization scheme can be selected for chaotic encryption, thereby effectively saving hardware resources without affecting its encryption performance.

[0201] Specifically, in one embodiment, the vital signs acquisition device 110 can be installed on different parts of the human body to acquire electrocardiogram (ECG) signals from the corresponding parts. When multiple ECG signals are acquired by the vital signs acquisition device 110, the amplitude (current or voltage amplitude) of each ECG signal can be normalized within a range of (1, 255) to generate a corresponding one-dimensional array. The vital signs acquisition device 110 then encrypts the obtained one-dimensional array using a Logistic mapping, and the resulting output is used as transmission data. The vital signs acquisition device 110 can then send the transmission data to the signal relay device 130. It is understood that in other embodiments, each ECG signal can be preprocessed in other ways to obtain the corresponding one-dimensional array; this is not specifically limited here.

[0202] Furthermore, when the data type to be converted is a two-dimensional array or image data, a quantization scheme with corresponding precision can be set according to the corresponding data type. In one embodiment, a one-dimensional array can be generated based on the pixel values ​​of the image data. In other embodiments, the number of vital sign acquisition devices 110 can be one, two, or more.

[0203] In addition, Figure 2 In the illustrated embodiment, the vital signs acquisition device 110 and the signal relay device 130 transmit data wirelessly. In other embodiments, the vital signs acquisition device 110 and the signal relay device 130 may also transmit data via wired communication.

[0204] In some implementations, the vital signs monitoring method includes:

[0205] Select initial parameters and quantization precision;

[0206] Using initial parameters and quantization precision, a chaotic sequence Xn is generated through n iterations of Logistic mapping.

[0207] Threshold judgment is performed based on the chaotic sequence Xn to generate a chaotic binary stream Sn;

[0208] The one-dimensional array Yn is integrated and encrypted with the chaotic binary stream Sn to obtain the encrypted transmission data.

[0209] The vital signs monitoring method provided in this invention can be implemented using the vital signs monitoring system 100 provided in this invention. Specifically, please refer to... Figure 2 The vital signs acquisition device 110 is used to select initial parameters and quantization precision, and to generate a chaotic sequence Xn by performing n iterations of calculation through Logistic mapping using the initial parameters and quantization precision, and to perform threshold judgment based on the chaotic sequence Xn to generate a chaotic binary stream Sn, and to integrate and encrypt the one-dimensional array Yn and the chaotic binary stream Sn to obtain encrypted transmission data.

[0210] Specifically, the first controller 111 of the vital signs acquisition device 110 can be used to select initial parameters and quantization precision, and to generate a chaotic sequence Xn by performing n iterations of calculation through Logistic mapping using the initial parameters and quantization precision, and to perform threshold judgment based on the chaotic sequence Xn to generate a chaotic binary stream Sn, and to integrate and encrypt the one-dimensional array Yn and the chaotic binary stream Sn to obtain encrypted transmission data.

[0211] In this way, the encryption performance of the data can be improved by selecting the corresponding initial parameters, and different types of physiological data can be processed by selecting the corresponding quantization precision.

[0212] It should be noted that different quantization precisions can be selected depending on the type of data acquired to ensure the data is compatible with the Logistic mapping. In some implementations, the quantization precision is 32-bit.

[0213] In some implementations, the initial parameters include a control parameter μ and a system key x0. Vital signs monitoring methods include:

[0214] The control parameter μ is randomly selected within a first preset range, and the system key x0 is randomly selected within a second preset range.

[0215] The vital signs monitoring method provided in this invention can be implemented using the vital signs monitoring system 100 provided in this invention. Specifically, please refer to... Figure 2 The vital signs acquisition device 110 is used to randomly select the control parameter μ within a first preset range and randomly select the system key x0 within a second preset range.

[0216] Specifically, the first controller 111 of the vital signs acquisition device 110 may be used to randomly select the control parameter μ within a first preset range and randomly select the system key x0 within a second preset range.

[0217] In this way, the generated chaotic sequence Xn can be guaranteed to have good encryption performance.

[0218] It is understood that the Logistic mapping is sensitive to initial parameters. Depending on the selected initial parameters, the chaotic sequence Xn generated by the Logistic mapping will also differ. Specifically, in some implementations, the first preset range is (3.57, 4], and the second preset range is (0, 1). This allows the Logistic mapping to be in a chaotic state, increasing its randomness and thus enabling the generated chaotic sequence Xn to have good encryption performance. The first and / or second preset ranges can be determined according to specific circumstances or calibrated through actual testing. The control parameter μ and / or the system key x0 can be preset or adjusted according to specific circumstances. In one implementation, the control parameter μ is 4, and the system key x0 is 0.1. In other implementations, the control parameter μ can be 3.6, 3.7, 3.8, 3.9, and / or the system key x0 can be 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9.

[0219] In some implementations, the vital signs monitoring method includes:

[0220] During the iteration process, the generated chaotic sequence Xn is rounded down.

[0221] The vital signs monitoring method provided in this invention can be implemented using the vital signs monitoring system 100 provided in this invention. Specifically, please refer to... Figure 2 The vital signs acquisition device 110 is used to round down the generated chaotic sequence Xn during the iteration process. Specifically, the first controller 111 of the vital signs acquisition device 110 may be used to round down the generated chaotic sequence Xn during the iteration process.

[0222] In this way, the accuracy of the data during the iteration process can be controlled.

[0223] Specifically, please combine Figure 11In one implementation, the initial parameters (i.e., the parameters set in the chaotic system) include the control parameter μ and the system key x0. Given the initial parameters and quantization precision, a fixed-point number is generated in each iteration using the Logistic mapping, and this fixed-point number is rounded down during the iteration process. The specific operation is as follows:

[0224]

[0225] Where μ is the initial parameter, xn is the number of fixed points, n and N are the number of iterations; frc is the precision to be preserved, which can be preset to 16, 24, or 32, and can be selected according to different security scenarios. The fixed-point numbers can be rounded down to ensure precision control over the fixed-point numbers during the iteration process. The sequentially generated fixed-point numbers are arranged in the iteration order to generate a chaotic sequence Xn.

[0226] In some implementations, the vital signs monitoring method includes:

[0227] In the chaotic sequence Xn, values ​​greater than a preset value are replaced with a preset first value, and values ​​less than or equal to a preset value are replaced with a preset second value, so that the chaotic sequence Xn is transformed into a chaotic binary stream Sn.

[0228] The vital signs monitoring method provided in this invention can be implemented using the vital signs monitoring system 100 provided in this invention. Specifically, please refer to... Figure 2 The vital signs acquisition device 110 is used to replace values ​​greater than a preset value with a preset first value in the chaotic sequence Xn, and to replace values ​​less than or equal to a preset value with a preset second value in the chaotic sequence Xn, so that the chaotic sequence Xn is converted into a chaotic binary stream Sn.

[0229] Specifically, the first controller 111 of the vital signs acquisition device 110 can replace values ​​greater than a preset value with a preset first value in the chaotic sequence Xn, and replace values ​​less than or equal to a preset value with a preset second value in the chaotic sequence Xn, so that the chaotic sequence Xn is converted into a chaotic binary stream Sn.

[0230] In this way, it is possible to convert the chaotic sequence Xn into binary data and then encrypt it.

[0231] Specifically, please combine Figure 11In one implementation, the preset value is 0.5, the first value is 1, and the second value is 0. When generating a chaotic sequence Xn, a threshold judgment can be performed on each fixed-point number in the chaotic sequence Xn. Fixed-point numbers greater than 0.5 are replaced with 1, and fixed-point numbers less than 0.5 are replaced with 0, so that the corresponding fixed-point numbers are replaced with binary numbers, thereby obtaining the chaotic binary stream Sn of the corresponding chaotic sequence Xn. The specific operation is as follows:

[0232]

[0233] Given a chaotic binary stream Sn, bit-by-bit XOR encryption can be performed on Sn and a one-dimensional array Yn to obtain an encrypted sequence Zn. Transmission data can then be generated based on this encrypted sequence Zn. The specific operations are as follows:

[0234]

[0235] Please combine Figure 11 Based on the generated chaotic binary stream Sn, it can be determined whether the selected retention precision is suitable for encrypting the one-dimensional array Yn, and then the retention precision can be reselected.

[0236] In other implementations, the preset value, the first value, and the second value can be adjusted according to the specific circumstances, so that the chaotic sequence Xn can be converted into corresponding decimal and hexadecimal data.

[0237] In some implementations, the vital signs monitoring method includes:

[0238] The signal relay device 130 decrypts the transmitted data to obtain multiple electrocardiogram signals.

[0239] The vital signs monitoring method provided in this invention can be implemented using the vital signs monitoring system 100 provided in this invention. Specifically, please refer to... Figure 2 The signal relay device 130 is used to decrypt the transmitted data to obtain multiple electrocardiogram (ECG) signals. Specifically, the second controller 131 of the signal relay device 130 may be used to decrypt the transmitted data to obtain multiple ECG signals.

[0240] Specifically, in one embodiment, the signal relay device 130 and the vital signs acquisition device 110 store the same initial parameters. When the signal relay device 130 receives transmitted data including the encrypted sequence Zn, it can generate the same chaotic binary stream Sn using the same stored initial parameters and the same Logistic mapping. This allows the signal relay device 130 to perform a bitwise XOR operation between the chaotic binary stream Sn and the encrypted sequence Zn to obtain a one-dimensional array Yn, and then use the one-dimensional array Yn to obtain all the electrocardiogram signals acquired by the vital signs acquisition device 110.

[0241] Please refer to Figure 12 In some embodiments, step S100 includes:

[0242] Step S121: The vital signs acquisition device 110 acquires multiple electrocardiogram (ECG) signals from different parts of the human body, converts the multiple ECG signals according to the amplitude of each ECG signal, and generates a corresponding one-dimensional array Yn.

[0243] Step S123: The vital signs acquisition device 110 uses a chaotic system to encrypt the one-dimensional array Yn to obtain the encrypted transmission data, and sends the transmission data to the signal relay device 130. The chaotic system includes a Tent mapping and a Logistic mapping. The Tent mapping is used to generate multiple initial parameters of the Logistic mapping.

[0244] The vital signs monitoring method provided in this invention can be implemented using the vital signs monitoring system 100 provided in this invention. Specifically, please refer to... Figure 2 The vital signs acquisition device 110 is used to acquire multiple electrocardiogram (ECG) signals from different parts of the human body, convert the multiple ECG signals according to the amplitude of each ECG signal, and generate a corresponding one-dimensional array Yn; and is used to encrypt the one-dimensional array Yn using a chaotic system to obtain encrypted transmission data, and send the transmission data to the signal relay device 130. The chaotic system includes a Tent mapping and a Logistic mapping. The Tent mapping is used to generate multiple initial parameters for the Logistic mapping.

[0245] Specifically, the first controller 111 of the vital signs acquisition device 110 can acquire multiple electrocardiogram (ECG) signals from different parts of the human body, convert the multiple ECG signals according to the amplitude of each ECG signal, and generate a corresponding one-dimensional array Yn; and can use a chaotic system to encrypt the one-dimensional array Yn to obtain encrypted transmission data, and send the transmission data to the signal relay device 130. The chaotic system includes a Tent mapping and a Logistic mapping. The Tent mapping is used to generate multiple initial parameters for the Logistic mapping.

[0246] Thus, even with limitations in hardware resources, encryption can be performed using low-complexity algorithms based on different types of physiological data, achieving high encryption performance.

[0247] Specifically, the Tent map is also a type of one-dimensional chaotic map, with its function graph resembling a tent and exhibiting a uniform distribution. A combined chaotic system using the Tent and Logistic maps can generate initial values ​​for the Logistic map through the Tent map and update these initial values ​​at the start of each chaotic sequence generation. The WBANs (Wireless Body Area Networks) encryption scheme based on this chaotic system can break the periodicity of the chaotic sequence, intervene in the iteration of the Logistic system, and alter the trajectory of the encryption system. Therefore, with equal computational resources, it significantly improves the randomness of the generated sequence and enhances the encryption performance of the encryption system.

[0248] Specifically, in one embodiment, the vital signs acquisition device 110 can be installed on different parts of the human body to acquire electrocardiogram (ECG) signals from the corresponding parts. When multiple ECG signals are acquired by the vital signs acquisition device 110, the amplitude (current or voltage amplitude) of each ECG signal can be normalized within the range of (1, 255) to generate a corresponding one-dimensional array Yn. The vital signs acquisition device 110 then encrypts the obtained one-dimensional array Yn using a chaotic system composed of a Tent mapping and a Logistic mapping. The resulting output is generated as transmission data, which the vital signs acquisition device 110 can then send to the signal relay device 130. It is understood that in other embodiments, each ECG signal can be preprocessed in other ways to obtain the corresponding one-dimensional array Yn, and this is not specifically limited here.

[0249] In some embodiments, the vital signs monitoring system 100 has a preset initial key and encryption precision. The initial key includes a first key α0 and a second key y0. Step S123 includes:

[0250] Process the one-dimensional array Yn to generate the first sequence and the second sequence;

[0251] Using the first key α0 and the first sequence, generate the structure parameter α;

[0252] Using the second key y0 and the second sequence, generate the initial value y of the Tent mapping;

[0253] Iterative calculations are performed based on structural parameter α, initial value y, and Tent mapping to generate multiple initial parameters.

[0254] The vital signs monitoring method provided in this invention can be implemented using the vital signs monitoring system 100 provided in this invention. Specifically, please refer to... Figure 2 The vital signs acquisition device 110 is used to process the one-dimensional array Yn to generate a first sequence and a second sequence; and to generate a structural parameter α using a first key α0 and the first sequence; and to generate an initial value y of the Tent mapping using a second key y0 and the second sequence; and to perform iterative calculations based on the structural parameter α, the initial value y, and the Tent mapping to generate multiple initial parameters.

[0255] Specifically, the first controller 111 of the vital signs acquisition device 110 can be used to process the one-dimensional array Yn to generate a first sequence and a second sequence; and to generate a structural parameter α using a first key α0 and the first sequence; and to generate an initial value y of the Tent mapping using a second key y0 and the second sequence; and to perform iterative calculations based on the structural parameter α, the initial value y, and the Tent mapping to generate multiple initial parameters.

[0256] This increases the randomness of chaotic systems and improves the security of data encryption.

[0257] It is understandable that, given a first key α0 and a second key y0, the one-dimensional array Yn, derived from multiple electrocardiogram (ECG) signals, exhibits significant randomness. By obtaining structural parameters based on the first key α0 and a first sequence associated with the one-dimensional array Yn, and initial values ​​based on the second key y0 and a second sequence associated with the one-dimensional array Yn, iterative calculations using the Tent mapping can improve the randomness of the output and enhance the data security of the ECG signals.

[0258] It should be noted that different encryption precisions can be selected depending on the type of data obtained, so that the obtained data is adapted to the Logistic mapping. In some implementations, the encryption precision is 24-bit.

[0259] In some implementations, the vital signs monitoring method includes:

[0260] The first key is randomly selected within a first preset value range, and the second key is randomly selected within a second preset value range.

[0261] The vital signs monitoring method provided in this invention can be implemented using the vital signs monitoring system 100 provided in this invention. Specifically, please refer to... Figure 2The vital signs acquisition device 110 is used to randomly select a value for the first key within a first preset value range and to randomly select a value for the second key within a second preset value range. Specifically, the first controller 111 of the vital signs acquisition device 110 may be used to randomly select a value for the first key within a first preset value range and to randomly select a value for the second key within a second preset value range.

[0262] In one implementation, the first key α0 can be randomly selected from the range (0.4, 0.5), and the second key y0 can be randomly selected from the range (0, 1). The first key α0 and the second key y0 may not be equal.

[0263] In some implementations, the one-dimensional array Yn is processed to generate a first sequence and a second sequence, including:

[0264] Generate the corresponding binary sequence H based on the one-dimensional array Yn;

[0265] Divide the binary sequence H into multiple segments, use a portion of these segments to generate the first sequence, and use the remaining portions of the segments to generate the second sequence.

[0266] The vital signs monitoring method provided in this invention can be implemented using the vital signs monitoring system 100 provided in this invention. Specifically, please refer to... Figure 2 The vital signs acquisition device 110 is used to generate a corresponding binary sequence H based on a one-dimensional array Yn; and to divide the binary sequence H into multiple segments, using a portion of the multiple segments to generate a first sequence, and using the remaining portions of the multiple segments to generate a second sequence.

[0267] Specifically, the first controller 111 of the vital signs acquisition device 110 can be used to generate a corresponding binary sequence H based on a one-dimensional array Yn; and to divide the binary sequence H into multiple segments, generate a first sequence using a portion of the multiple segments, and generate a second sequence using the remaining portions of the multiple segments.

[0268] This can improve the randomness of the generated structural parameters α and initial values ​​y.

[0269] Specifically, in one implementation, the one-dimensional array Yn has a byte length of 512 * 512 * 8 bits. Inputting the one-dimensional array Yn into a preset hash function (such as SHA-256) yields a binary sequence H with a byte length of 256 bits. The binary sequence H is then divided into 32 segments (H1, H2, ..., H32) with a byte length of 8 bits. The first 16 segments (H1, H2, ..., H16) are used as the first sequence, and the remaining 16 segments (H17, H18, ..., H32) are used as the second sequence. The following operations are then performed:

[0270]

[0271] Where mod(a,b) represents the remainder when a / b is calculated. This indicates that an XOR operation is performed.

[0272] It is understandable that, according to the above calculation formula, the structural parameter α and the initial value y used for the Tent mapping calculation are related to the one-dimensional array Yn, thereby improving the correlation between the structural parameter α and the initial value y and the one-dimensional array Yn.

[0273] In other embodiments, the number of segments in the first sequence and the number of segments in the second sequence can be the same or different. Alternatively, any number of segments can be randomly selected to obtain the first sequence and / or the second sequence.

[0274] In some implementations, the vital signs monitoring method includes:

[0275] Based on the structural parameter α, the initial value y is substituted into the Tent mapping, thereby iteratively calculating multiple chaotic sequences of the Tent mapping;

[0276] If the number of iterations of the Tent mapping is greater than the first preset number, the calculated chaotic sequences of the multiple Tent mappings will be used as multiple initial parameters in sequence.

[0277] The vital signs monitoring method provided in this invention can be implemented using the vital signs monitoring system 100 provided in this invention. Specifically, please refer to... Figure 2 The vital signs acquisition device 110 is used to substitute the initial value y into the Tent mapping according to the structural parameter α, thereby iteratively calculating multiple Tent mapping chaotic sequences; and is used to take the calculated multiple Tent mapping chaotic sequences as multiple initial parameters in turn when the number of iterations of the Tent mapping is greater than a first preset number.

[0278] Specifically, the first controller 111 of the vital signs acquisition device 110 may be used to substitute the initial value y into the Tent mapping according to the structural parameter α, thereby iteratively calculating multiple Tent mapping chaotic sequences; and to use the calculated multiple Tent mapping chaotic sequences as multiple initial parameters in turn when the number of iterations of the Tent mapping is greater than a first preset number.

[0279] In this way, multiple initial parameters can be obtained.

[0280] Specifically, in one implementation, given the structural parameters and initial values, the operation is performed according to the following formula:

[0281]

[0282] Where n / N represents the current iteration number in the Tent map, and frc represents the precision to be preserved.

[0283] Additionally, please refer to the calculation formula above. In other implementation methods, by setting... It can round down each generated Tent map chaotic sequence.

[0284] In one implementation, the first preset number of iterations is 50. When the Tent mapping undergoes its 51st iteration, the chaotic sequence of the Tent mapping calculated in the 51st iteration can be substituted into the Logistic mapping for iterative calculation. Depending on the specific number of initial parameters required, the chaotic sequences of the Tent mapping calculated in the 51st, 52nd, ... iterations can be sequentially substituted into the Logistic mapping for iterative calculation, thereby obtaining the corresponding number of initial parameters.

[0285] In other implementations, Tent map chaotic sequences with fewer than a first preset number of iterations can be discarded, thereby saving storage space used to store all Tent map chaotic sequences.

[0286] In some embodiments, the vital signs monitoring system 100 is preset with an initial system value μ. The vital signs monitoring method includes:

[0287] Based on the initial value μ of the system, multiple initial parameters are substituted into the Logistic mapping in sequence for iterative calculation. The number of iterations for each initial parameter is the second preset number k, and each initial parameter corresponds to a Logistic mapping chaotic sequence.

[0288] Transmission data is generated based on multiple chaotic sequences of Logistic mappings obtained through iterative calculations.

[0289] The vital signs monitoring method provided in this invention can be implemented using the vital signs monitoring system 100 provided in this invention. Specifically, please refer to... Figure 2 The vital signs acquisition device 110 is used to perform iterative calculations by sequentially substituting multiple initial parameters into the Logistic mapping based on the system initial value μ, wherein the iteration number of each initial parameter is a second preset number k, and each initial parameter corresponds to generating a Logistic mapping chaotic sequence; and to generate transmission data based on the multiple Logistic mapping chaotic sequences obtained by sequential iterative calculations.

[0290] Specifically, the first controller 111 of the vital signs acquisition device 110 can be used to perform iterative calculations by sequentially substituting multiple initial parameters into the Logistic mapping based on the system initial value μ, wherein the iteration number of each initial parameter is a second preset number k, and each initial parameter corresponds to generating a Logistic mapping chaotic sequence; and can be used to generate transmission data based on the multiple Logistic mapping chaotic sequences obtained by sequential iterative calculations.

[0291] In this way, the generation of transmitted data can be achieved.

[0292] Specifically, given multiple initial parameters, the operation can be performed according to the following formula:

[0293]

[0294] Where n / N represents the current iteration number in the Logistic mapping, and frc represents the precision to be preserved.

[0295] Additionally, please refer to the calculation formula above. In other implementation methods, by setting... It can round down each generated Logistic map chaotic sequence.

[0296] Furthermore, the initial system value μ and the second preset number k can be pre-set. In one embodiment, the initial system value μ is 4, and the second preset number k is 1024. In other embodiments, the initial system value μ and the second preset number k can also be determined based on the chaotic characteristics of the Logistic mapping.

[0297] In some implementations, the vital signs monitoring method includes:

[0298] Multiple Logistic map chaotic sequences are sequentially connected to generate a combined chaotic encrypted sequence Xn;

[0299] Threshold judgment is applied to the combined chaotic encryption sequence Xn to generate a chaotic binary stream Sn;

[0300] The one-dimensional array Yn is integrated and encrypted with the chaotic binary stream Sn to obtain the encrypted transmission data.

[0301] The vital signs monitoring method provided in this invention can be implemented using the vital signs monitoring system 100 provided in this invention. Specifically, please refer to... Figure 2 The vital signs acquisition device 110 is used to sequentially connect multiple Logistic mapping chaotic sequences to generate a combined chaotic encrypted sequence Xn; and to perform threshold judgment on the combined chaotic encrypted sequence Xn to generate a chaotic binary stream Sn; and to integrate and encrypt the one-dimensional array Yn and the chaotic binary stream Sn to obtain the encrypted transmission data.

[0302] Specifically, the first controller 111 of the vital signs acquisition device 110 can be used to sequentially connect and process multiple Logistic mapping chaotic sequences to generate a combined chaotic encrypted sequence Xn; and to perform threshold judgment on the combined chaotic encrypted sequence Xn to generate a chaotic binary stream Sn; and to integrate and encrypt the one-dimensional array Yn and the chaotic binary stream Sn to obtain the encrypted transmission data.

[0303] In this way, the transmitted data can be encrypted.

[0304] Based on the above formula for calculating the Logistic mapping, multiple Logistic mapping chaotic sequences can be obtained sequentially. Specifically, in one implementation, the byte length of each Logistic mapping chaotic sequence is k (bits), and the number of Logistic mapping chaotic sequences is (512*512*8) / k. By sequentially connecting (512*512*8) / k Logistic mapping chaotic sequences in an iterative order, a combined chaotic encryption sequence Xn with a byte length of (512*512*8) bits can be finally obtained.

[0305] It is understandable that the byte length and number of generated Logistic map chaotic sequences can be adjusted according to different requirements for the combined chaotic encryption sequence Xn. In one such implementation, the byte length of each generated Logistic map chaotic sequence is 2k bits, and the number of Logistic map chaotic sequences is (512*512*8) / 2k, so that the byte length of the generated combined chaotic encryption sequence Xn is (512*512*8) bits.

[0306] In some implementations, the vital signs monitoring method includes:

[0307] In the combined chaotic encryption sequence Xn, values ​​greater than a preset value are replaced with a preset first value, and values ​​less than or equal to a preset value are replaced with a preset second value, so that the combined chaotic encryption sequence Xn is transformed into a chaotic binary stream Sn.

[0308] The vital signs monitoring method provided in this invention can be implemented using the vital signs monitoring system 100 provided in this invention. Specifically, please refer to... Figure 2 The vital signs acquisition device 110 is used to replace values ​​greater than a preset value with a preset first value in the combined chaotic encryption sequence Xn, and to replace values ​​less than or equal to a preset value with a preset second value in the combined chaotic encryption sequence Xn, so that the combined chaotic encryption sequence Xn is converted into a chaotic binary stream Sn.

[0309] Specifically, the first controller 111 of the vital signs acquisition device 110 may be used to replace values ​​greater than a preset value with a preset first value in the combined chaotic encryption sequence Xn, and replace values ​​less than or equal to a preset value with a preset second value in the combined chaotic encryption sequence Xn, so that the combined chaotic encryption sequence Xn is converted into a chaotic binary stream Sn.

[0310] In this way, it is possible to convert the combined chaotic encryption sequence Xn into binary data and then encrypt it.

[0311] Specifically, please combine Figure 13 In one implementation, the preset value is 0.5, the first value is 1, and the second value is 0. When generating a combined chaotic encryption sequence Xn, a threshold judgment can be performed on each fixed-point number in the combined chaotic encryption sequence Xn. Fixed-point numbers greater than 0.5 are replaced with 1, and fixed-point numbers less than 0.5 are replaced with 0, so that the corresponding fixed-point numbers are replaced with binary numbers, thereby obtaining the chaotic binary stream Sn of the corresponding combined chaotic encryption sequence Xn. The specific operation is as follows:

[0312]

[0313] Given a chaotic binary stream Sn, bit-by-bit XOR encryption can be performed on Sn and a one-dimensional array Yn to obtain an encrypted sequence Zn. Transmission data can then be generated based on this encrypted sequence Zn. The specific operations are as follows:

[0314]

[0315] Please combine Figure 13 Based on the generated chaotic binary stream Sn, it can be determined whether the selected retention precision is suitable for encrypting the one-dimensional array Yn, and then the retention precision can be reselected.

[0316] In other implementations, the preset value, the first value, and the second value can be adjusted according to the specific circumstances, so that the combined chaotic encryption sequence Xn can be converted into corresponding decimal and hexadecimal data.

[0317] In some implementations, the vital signs monitoring method includes:

[0318] The signal relay device 130 decrypts the transmitted data to obtain multiple electrocardiogram signals.

[0319] The vital signs monitoring method provided in this invention can be implemented using the vital signs monitoring system 100 provided in this invention. Specifically, please refer to... Figure 2 The signal relay device 130 is used to decrypt the transmitted data to obtain multiple electrocardiogram (ECG) signals. Specifically, the second controller 131 of the signal relay device 130 may be used to decrypt the transmitted data to obtain multiple ECG signals.

[0320] Specifically, in one embodiment, the signal relay device 130 and the vital signs acquisition device 110 store the same initial parameters. When the signal relay device 130 receives transmitted data including the encrypted sequence Zn, it can generate the same chaotic binary stream Sn using the same stored initial parameters and the same chaotic system. This allows the signal relay device 130 to perform a bitwise XOR operation between the chaotic binary stream Sn and the encrypted sequence Zn to obtain a one-dimensional array Yn, and then use the one-dimensional array Yn to obtain all the electrocardiogram signals acquired by the vital signs acquisition device 110.

[0321] Please refer to Figure 14 In some embodiments, step S100 includes:

[0322] Step S131: The vital signs acquisition device 110 sends a connection request to establish communication to the signal relay device 130;

[0323] Step S132: Upon receiving a connection request, the signal relay device 130 verifies the legitimacy of the vital signs acquisition device 110 based on a challenge-response mechanism;

[0324] Step S133: If the vital signs acquisition device 110 is found to be legitimate, the signal relay device 130 establishes a communication connection with the vital signs acquisition device 110.

[0325] The vital signs monitoring method provided in this invention can be implemented using the vital signs monitoring system 100 provided in this invention. Specifically, please refer to... Figure 2The vital signs acquisition device 110 is used to send a connection request to establish communication to the signal relay device 130. The signal relay device 130 is used to verify the legitimacy of the vital signs acquisition device 110 based on a challenge-response mechanism upon receiving the connection request; and is also used to establish a communication connection with the vital signs acquisition device 110 if it is determined that the vital signs acquisition device 110 is legitimate.

[0326] Specifically, the first controller 111 of the vital signs acquisition device 110 may be used to send a connection request to establish communication to the signal relay device 130, and the second controller 131 of the signal relay device 130 may be used to verify the legitimacy of the vital signs acquisition device 110 based on a challenge-response mechanism upon receiving the connection request; and to establish a communication connection with the vital signs acquisition device 110 if it is determined that the vital signs acquisition device 110 is legitimate.

[0327] In this way, the system requirements of WBAN, such as low power consumption, low latency, high transmission reliability, and security, can be met, and physiological data transmitted in WBAN can be effectively prevented from being leaked through illegal nodes.

[0328] It is understandable that in actual operation, since the external device that sends the connection request to establish communication to the signal relay device 130 (including the vital signs acquisition device 110 whose legitimacy has not been verified before the establishment of this communication) is unknown, it is necessary to authenticate the external device to determine whether it is a legitimate vital signs acquisition device 110.

[0329] Specifically, please combine Figure 15 In one embodiment, when an external device sends a connection request to establish communication, the signal relay device 130 sends a request message (and challenge message) for legitimacy verification to the external device according to a challenge-response mechanism. Upon receiving the request message, the external device can send corresponding response information to the signal relay device 130. If the external device is confirmed to be a legitimate vital sign acquisition device 110 based on the response information sent by the external device, the signal relay device 130 completes the authentication of the external device, accepts the connection request from the external device, and establishes a communication connection with the external device. This allows the external device to send data information including electrocardiogram (ECG) information to the signal relay device 130, which helps improve the security of data communication and ensures that the user's ECG information is not intercepted and leaked by unauthorized devices.

[0330] It is understandable that by verifying the legitimacy of the vital signs acquisition device 110 based on the challenge-response mechanism, the signal relay device 130 can achieve a high degree of legitimacy recognition in a low-power manner, thus ensuring the security of data transmission.

[0331] The number of vital sign acquisition devices 110 can be one, two, or more than two. When each vital sign acquisition device 110 sends a connection request to establish communication, the signal relay device 130 can verify each vital sign acquisition device 110. The signal relay device 130 can act as a central node, while the vital sign acquisition devices 110 that have not yet been verified are unknown nodes.

[0332] In some implementations, the vital signs monitoring method includes:

[0333] Signal relay device 130 sends challenge information to vital signs acquisition device 110;

[0334] The signal relay device 130 calculates the first response information based on the challenge information;

[0335] The vital signs acquisition device 110 calculates the second response information based on the challenge information and sends the second response information to the signal relay device 130;

[0336] The signal relay device 130 compares the first response information with the second response information;

[0337] If the first response information and the second response information are consistent, the signal relay device 130 determines that the vital signs acquisition device 110 that sent the connection request is legitimate.

[0338] The vital signs monitoring method provided in this invention can be implemented using the vital signs monitoring system 100 provided in this invention. Specifically, please refer to... Figure 2 The signal relay device 130 is used to send challenge information to the vital signs acquisition device 110 and to calculate a first response information based on the challenge information; the vital signs acquisition device 110 is used to calculate a second response information based on the challenge information and send the second response information to the signal relay device 130; the signal relay device 130 is also used to compare the first response information and the second response information, and to determine that the vital signs acquisition device 110 that sent the connection request is legitimate if the first response information and the second response information are consistent.

[0339] Specifically, the second controller 131 of the signal relay device 130 may be used to send challenge information to the vital signs acquisition device 110 and to calculate the first response information based on the challenge information; the first controller 111 of the vital signs acquisition device 110 may be used to calculate the second response information based on the challenge information and send the second response information to the signal relay device 130; the second controller 131 of the signal relay device 130 may also be used to compare the first response information and the second response information, and to determine that the vital signs acquisition device 110 that sent the connection request is legitimate if the first response information and the second response information are consistent.

[0340] This can improve the accuracy of verifying whether the vital signs acquisition device 110 is legitimate.

[0341] In some implementations, the signal relay device 130 uses preset data to generate a random sequence as challenge information. This allows for convenient and rapid generation of challenge information.

[0342] Specifically, in one embodiment, the preset data is biological data acquired by the vital signs monitoring system 100. It is understood that the biological data may include at least one of the user's electrocardiogram (ECG), blood oxygen saturation, blood pressure, body temperature, and respiratory information. The biological data can be integrated with relevant information from a connection request to generate a connection request, or it can be sent within a preset time period after the connection request is sent. In other embodiments, the preset data can be other fixed values ​​or random values.

[0343] In some implementations, the signal relay device 130 calculates the first response information based on a hash message authentication code (HMAC), and the vital signs acquisition device 110 calculates the second response information based on the hash message authentication code. This improves the security of data transmission.

[0344] Specifically, the authentication code of the hash algorithm is generated according to the corresponding hash algorithm. It can be understood that since the relevant programs for generating the HMAC are stored in the signal relay device 130 and the vital signs acquisition device 110 respectively, if the external device that sends the connection request to establish communication to the signal relay device 130 is an external device other than the vital signs acquisition device 110, it is possible that the external device does not store the aforementioned relevant programs, or the aforementioned relevant information stored in the external device is inconsistent with the aforementioned relevant programs stored in the signal relay device 130. This may cause the external device to be unable to obtain the second response information, or the second response information calculated by the external device may be inconsistent with the first response information calculated by the signal relay device 130. In this case, it can be determined that the external device is illegitimate, thereby improving the security of data transmission.

[0345] Furthermore, in some implementations, the hash algorithm is SHA-256, a variant of Secure Hash Algorithm 2, as the underlying hash function used to calculate HMAC, thereby improving the security performance of HMAC and further reducing the probability of collisions.

[0346] In some implementations, the vital signs monitoring method includes:

[0347] Using the challenge information and the secret key, the first response information and the second response information are respectively calculated by performing the hash function twice.

[0348] The vital sign monitoring method provided by the embodiment of the present invention can be implemented by the vital sign monitoring system 100 provided by the embodiment of the present invention. Specifically, please refer to Figure 2 The vital sign monitoring system 100 is used to calculate the first response information and the second response information respectively by performing the hash function twice by using the challenge information and the secret key.

[0349] Specifically, it can be that the second controller 131 of the signal relay device 130 is used to calculate the first response information by performing the hash function twice by using the challenge information and the secret key, and the first controller 111 of the vital sign acquisition device 110 is used to calculate the second response information by performing the hash function twice by using the challenge information and the secret key.

[0350] In this way, the security of data transmission can be further improved. <00​​​​​​​​​​​​​It is understandable that, since the corresponding output result can be obtained according to the above calculation function, the signal relay device 130 can obtain the first response information accordingly, and the vital signs acquisition device 110 can obtain the second response information accordingly. Since the key k is pre-stored in the signal relay device 130 and the vital signs acquisition device 110 respectively, when an external device sends a connection request to the signal relay device 130 to establish communication, if the external device does not store the key k, it will be unable to obtain the correct second response information, thus determining that the external device is illegitimate, thereby improving the security of the signal relay device 130 when communicating with external devices.

[0355] In other implementations, the key k can be preprocessed. Specifically, in some implementations, if the byte length of the key k is determined to be less than a preset byte length, a padding operation can be performed on the hexadecimal value of the key k until the byte length of the key k after the padding operation is equal to the preset byte length. In one implementation, the padding operation involves filling the right-hand side of the hexadecimal value of the key k with 0s. If the byte length of the key k is determined to be greater than the preset byte length, a hash function can be executed on the key k, and the output result with a byte length equal to the preset byte length can be used as the new key k.

[0356] In the following embodiments, the hash algorithm used to generate the HMAC will be described. It should be noted that other hash algorithms may be used in other embodiments, and are not limited to those used in the following embodiments.

[0357] Specifically, please combine Figure 16 In some implementations, the vital signs monitoring system 100 first initializes eight hash variables H0-H7 and a preset array N, where array N consists of 64 preset constants N0-N63. The eight hash variables H0-H7 can sequentially correspond to the first 32 digits of the square root fractional part of eight preset values. In one implementation, the eight preset values ​​sequentially correspond to the first eight prime numbers. The 64 preset constants N0-N63 can sequentially correspond to the first 32 digits of the square root fractional part of 64 preset values. In one implementation, the 64 preset values ​​sequentially correspond to the first 64 prime numbers.

[0358] In some implementations, when challenge information m and a key are input, the input information can be preprocessed. Specifically, in one implementation, when challenge information m is input to the hash algorithm, the byte length L of the hexadecimal data corresponding to challenge information m is determined. One '1' and a certain number of '0's are sequentially added to the last position of the hexadecimal data corresponding to challenge information m to obtain the preprocessed challenge information m. The sum of the byte length L, 1, the number of added '0's, and 64 is a multiple of 512. The number of added '0's can be preset or adjusted according to specific circumstances.

[0359] In some implementations, when the preprocessed challenge information m is sequentially decomposed into multiple 512-bit blocks, a message scheduling array w containing 64 32-bit elements is created and populated for each block. Specifically, when populating the message scheduling array w, each block is decomposed into 16 32-bit sub-blocks and copied to the first 16 message scheduling arrays w0-w0 of the message scheduling array w. 15 And for the remaining 48 message scheduling arrays w 16 -w 63 Perform the following fill operation:

[0360]

[0361]

[0362] w i =w i-16 +w i-7 +S0+S1

[0363] Where i represents the index of the corresponding message scheduling array w; ROR indicates that the corresponding message scheduling array w is cyclically shifted right by the corresponding number of bits; SHR indicates that the corresponding message scheduling array w is logically shifted right by the corresponding number of bits.

[0364] In some implementations, eight working variables a, b, c, d, e, f, g, and h are initialized based on hash variables H0 to H7. The following operations are then performed on the 64 message scheduling arrays w based on these eight working variables to achieve compression of all message scheduling arrays w:

[0365] h=g, g=f, f=e, e=d+T1

[0366] d = c, c = b, b = a, a = T1 + T2

[0367] in,

[0368] T1 = h + S1 + ch + k i+w i

[0369] T2 = S0 + maj

[0370] in,

[0371]

[0372]

[0373]

[0374]

[0375] After completing the above operations, add the working variable to the hash variable to update its value. Repeat the above operations until all blocks have been processed. Finally, the hash output (i.e., HMAC) corresponding to the eight hash variables appended to each other is obtained:

[0376] H = H1|H2|H3|H4|H5|H6|H7

[0377] Since the updated hash variables H0-H7 correspond to message information m and key k, and both message information m and key k are unique, the resulting HMAC (first response information or second response information) will also be unique, thus allowing us to deduce whether the external device has key k.

[0378] In some implementations, the vital signs monitoring method includes:

[0379] Upon receiving a connection request, the signal relay device 130 verifies the legitimacy of the vital signs acquisition device 110 based on a digital certificate;

[0380] If the vital signs acquisition device 110 is verified by both digital certificate verification and challenge-response mechanism verification, the signal relay device 130 determines that the vital signs acquisition device 110 is legitimate.

[0381] The vital signs monitoring method provided in this invention can be implemented using the vital signs monitoring system 100 provided in this invention. Specifically, please refer to... Figure 2 The signal relay device 130 is used to verify the legitimacy of the vital signs acquisition device 110 based on a digital certificate upon receiving a connection request, and to determine that the vital signs acquisition device 110 is legitimate if it is determined that the vital signs acquisition device 110 has been verified by both the digital certificate and the challenge-response mechanism.

[0382] Specifically, the second controller 131 of the signal relay device 130 may be used to verify the legitimacy of the vital signs acquisition device 110 based on a digital certificate upon receiving a connection request, and to determine that the vital signs acquisition device 110 is legitimate if it is determined that the vital signs acquisition device 110 has been verified by both the digital certificate and the challenge-response mechanism.

[0383] In this way, when a connection request to establish communication is received from an external device, the accuracy of verifying the legitimacy of the external device can be improved.

[0384] Specifically, please combine Figure 17 ,exist Figure 17 In the illustrated embodiment, the vital signs acquisition device 110 sends a connection request to the signal relay device 130 to establish communication. Upon receiving the connection request, the signal relay device 130 sends a verification request to the vital signs acquisition device 110, requiring verification of a digital certificate. This causes the vital signs acquisition device 110 to send its stored digital certificate according to the verification request. Since the signal relay device 130 pre-stores a certificate chain corresponding to the digital certificate of the vital signs acquisition device 110, the vital signs acquisition device 110 can verify the digital certificate through the signal relay device 130.

[0385] Upon successful verification of the digital certificate, the signal relay device 130 generates a 64-bit random sequence as challenge information and sends it to the vital signs acquisition device 110. If both the signal relay device 130 and the vital signs acquisition device 110 have pre-stored 256-bit keys, the vital signs acquisition device 110 calculates based on the key and challenge information and generates a 256-bit response. Similarly, the signal relay device 130 calculates based on the key and challenge information and generates a 256-bit result. When the vital signs acquisition device 110 sends its response to the signal acquisition device, the signal acquisition device compares the response with its own calculation result. If the comparison matches, the signal acquisition device 110 is deemed legitimate, thus completing the authentication of the vital signs acquisition device 110.

[0386] Furthermore, in other implementation methods, please refer to... Figure 18The signal relay device 130 includes a ROM storage module, a RAM storage module, an HMAC-SHA256 core, and an authentication logic control core. The ROM storage module stores the key and the digital certificate of the vital signs acquisition device 110. The RAM storage module stores the generated challenge information and the response information sent by the vital signs acquisition device 110. The HMAC-SHA256 core generates a hash output based on the key and challenge information. The authentication logic control core determines the legitimacy of the vital signs acquisition device 110 based on the relevant information stored in the RAM storage module, the relevant information stored in the ROM storage module, and the hash output generated by the HMAC-SHA256 core.

[0387] Please refer to Figure 19 In some embodiments, step S100 includes an identification step S14, an access step S15, and a synchronization step S16. The identification step S14 includes:

[0388] Step S141: The vital signs acquisition device 110 sends an access request to the signal relay device 130. When the signal relay device 130 receives the access request, it performs identity verification on the vital signs acquisition device 110.

[0389] Step S142: If the signal relay device 130 recognizes that the vital signs acquisition device 110 is legitimate, it allows the vital signs acquisition device 110 to access the signal relay device 130.

[0390] Access step S15 includes:

[0391] Step S151: The vital signs acquisition device 110 sends transmission data to the signal relay device 130. The signal relay device 130 performs carrier sensing on the channel within the preset frequency band to receive transmission data with a voltage value less than a preset threshold value.

[0392] Step S152: The signal relay device 130 adjusts the threshold value according to the number of signals in the channel, and receives the transmitted data according to the adjusted threshold value;

[0393] Synchronization step S16 includes:

[0394] Step S161: The vital signs acquisition device 110 sends a vital signs signal to the signal relay device 130 at an initial power;

[0395] Step S162: The signal relay device 130 generates a receive response signal based on the vital signs signal and transmits the receive response signal to the vital signs acquisition device 110;

[0396] Step S163: The vital signs acquisition device 110 acquires the time point of sending the vital signs signal based on the received response signal, and adjusts the transmission power of the vital signs signal.

[0397] The networking method of this invention can be implemented using the vital signs monitoring system 100 of this invention. Specifically, please refer to... Figure 20 The vital signs monitoring system 100 includes at least two vital signs acquisition devices 110 and a signal relay device 130. The at least two vital signs acquisition devices 110 communicate wirelessly with the signal relay device 130. The vital signs acquisition devices 110 are used to acquire vital signs signals of a human body.

[0398] The vital signs monitoring system 100 is used to perform identification step S14, access step S15, and synchronization step S16. In the identification step S14, the relay device 130 is used to process the vital signs acquisition device 110. The vital signs acquisition device 110 is used to send an access request to the signal relay device 130 for signal identification. The signal relay device 130 is also used to allow the vital signs acquisition device 110 to access the signal relay device 130 if it is found that the vital signs acquisition device 110 is legitimate.

[0399] In access step S15, the vital signs acquisition device 110 is used to send a data signal to the signal relay device 130. The signal relay device 130 is used to perform carrier sensing on the channel within the preset frequency band to receive data signals with voltage values ​​less than a preset threshold value. The data signals include vital signs signals. The signal relay device 130 is also used to adjust the threshold value according to the number of signals in the channel and receive data signals according to the adjusted threshold value.

[0400] In the synchronization step S16, the vital signs acquisition device 110 is used to send a vital signs signal to the signal relay device 130 at an initial power; the signal relay device 130 is used to generate a receive response signal based on the vital signs signal and send the receive response signal to the vital signs acquisition device 110; the vital signs acquisition device 110 is also used to obtain the time point of sending the vital signs signal based on the receive response signal and to adjust the transmission power of the vital signs signal.

[0401] Specifically, in one embodiment, in the identification step S14, the first controller 111 of the vital signs acquisition device 110 may send an access request to the signal relay device 130; the second controller 131 of the signal relay device 130 may identify the vital signs acquisition device 110 and, if the vital signs acquisition device 110 is identified as legitimate, allow the vital signs acquisition device 110 to access the signal relay device 130. In the access step S15, the first controller 111 of the vital signs acquisition device 110 may send a data signal to the signal relay device 130; the second controller 131 of the signal relay device 130 may perform carrier sensing on a channel within a preset frequency band to receive data signals with voltage values ​​less than a preset threshold value, wherein the data signals include vital signs signals, and may adjust the threshold value according to the number of signals in the channel, and receive the data signal according to the adjusted threshold value. In the synchronization step S16, the first controller 111 of the vital signs acquisition device 110 may be used to send a vital signs signal to the signal relay device 130 at an initial power; the second controller 131 of the signal relay device 130 may be used to generate a reception response signal based on the vital signs signal and send the reception response signal to the vital signs acquisition device 110; the first controller 111 may also be used to obtain the time point of sending the vital signs signal based on the reception response signal and adjust the transmission power of the vital signs signal.

[0402] Thus, by identifying step S14, interference between multiple vital sign monitoring systems 100 can be effectively avoided. By accessing step S15, the effective access of a large number of vital sign acquisition devices 110 can be guaranteed while reducing power consumption. By synchronizing step S16, the needs of all vital sign acquisition devices 110 for distributed data collection can be met. This makes the vital sign monitoring system 100 suitable for different network conditions and can reduce the power consumption of the vital sign monitoring system 100, which is beneficial to increasing battery life.

[0403] Among related technologies, wireless networking is a widely used information and communication technology. Its key requirements, network node scale, and power consumption levels vary significantly depending on the application scenario. Generally, wireless networking technologies such as WLAN (Wireless Local Area Networks), primarily used in home multimedia entertainment scenarios, have high requirements for network data transmission rates, signal transmission quality in complex indoor environments, and global compatibility, while the number of connected devices within a single LAN is relatively small, making power consumption relatively less sensitive. Zigbee networking technology, mainly used in industrial IoT scenarios, pursues wide coverage, large-scale device access, and stable network transmission, while data transmission volume is often extremely low.

[0404] Currently, there are no specifically designed and mature wireless transmission networking solutions available for multi-parameter vital sign monitoring applications. Most solutions are based on modifications to wireless transmission protocols such as Bluetooth and Zigbee. However, the primary need for Bluetooth is personal multimedia applications, especially point-to-point communication applications such as digital audio playback and short-term file sharing. Its networking mainly adopts a master-slave polling method, where the master establishes connections with multiple slave devices one by one, lacking an efficient wireless networking method. The Zigbee protocol was originally designed for large-area, low-speed wireless sensor networks. Its data transmission rate is extremely low, mainly used for monitoring slowly changing characteristics such as temperature and humidity, and occasionally sending control commands. It is difficult to meet the needs of long-term continuous monitoring of vital sign signals, such as wireless ECG acquisition and wireless blood oxygen saturation monitoring.

[0405] Specifically, in such an implementation, please refer to... Figure 20 In the case where the vital signs monitoring system 100 includes at least two vital signs acquisition devices 110, each vital signs acquisition device 110 can communicate with the signal relay device 130, thereby enabling all the vital signs acquisition devices 110 and the signal relay device 130 to form a star network. The signal relay device 130 acts as the central node, responsible for access maintenance of all network nodes, data collection and storage of vital signs signals, and acting as a local area network gateway, establishing connections with local servers and cloud servers through a public network gateway.

[0406] In addition, please combine Figure 21 In other embodiments, the vital signs signal may include at least one of electrocardiogram (ECG) signal, blood oxygen concentration signal, blood pressure signal, body temperature signal, and respiratory signal. The vital signs acquisition device 110 may be at least one of wireless ECG vital signs acquisition device 110, wireless blood oxygen vital signs acquisition device 110, wireless blood pressure vital signs acquisition device 110, wireless body temperature vital signs acquisition device 110, and wireless respiratory vital signs acquisition device 110. When there are multiple wireless ECG vital signs acquisition devices 110, a multi-lead ECG signal can be generated from multiple ECG signals acquired by multiple wireless ECG vital signs acquisition devices 110.

[0407] It should be pointed out that, in Figure 19 In the illustrated embodiment, the vital signs monitoring system 100 sequentially executes the identification step S14, the access step S15, and the synchronization step S16. In other embodiments, the identification step S14 and the synchronization step S16 can be executed sequentially while the access step S15 is continuously executed.

[0408] Regarding the identification step S14 in the networking method of this application embodiment, depending on different needs (such as the different number and types of vital sign signals required by the user), there may be cases where multiple vital sign monitoring systems 100 are configured, and multiple vital sign acquisition devices 110 are configured for each vital sign monitoring system 100. When vital sign signals are acquired through all vital sign acquisition devices 110, for the vital sign acquisition device 110 in one vital sign monitoring system 100, there is a problem that the vital sign signals acquired by it may be transmitted to the signal relay device 130 in another vital sign monitoring system 100, which may lead to signal interference between different vital sign monitoring systems 100.

[0409] Specifically, please combine Figure 22 In step S110, when the vital signs acquisition device 110 sends an access request to the signal relay device 130, the signal relay device 130 verifies the node address of the vital signs acquisition device 110, thereby sending an authentication request to the vital signs acquisition device 110. Upon receiving the authentication request, the vital signs acquisition device 110 sends an authentication response to the signal relay device 130, enabling the signal relay device 130 to identify the legitimacy of the vital signs acquisition device 110 based on the authentication response.

[0410] In some implementations, the signal relay device 130 stores the authentication information of all vital sign acquisition devices 110 within the same vital sign monitoring system 100. The signal relay device 130 can match the authentication response information with the authentication information. If the match is successful, the vital sign acquisition device 110 is deemed legitimate; otherwise, the vital sign acquisition device 110 belongs to another vital sign monitoring system 100, and the access request sent by that vital sign acquisition device 110 is blocked and discarded.

[0411] Please combine Figure 22 In step S120, if the signal relay device 130 determines that the vital signs acquisition device 110 is legitimate based on the authentication response information and the authentication information, it will send the relevant authentication result back to the vital signs acquisition device 110. The vital signs acquisition device 110 will then determine the node address based on the feedback result and establish a communication connection with the signal relay device 130. The communication connection between the vital signs acquisition device 110 and the signal relay device 130 can be unidirectional or bidirectional.

[0412] In summary, when the vital signs acquisition device 110 sends an access request, all signal relay devices 130 will authenticate the vital signs acquisition device 110. Only signal relay devices 130 belonging to the same vital signs monitoring system 100 as the vital signs acquisition device 110 can identify the vital signs acquisition device 110 as legitimate. The signal relay devices 130 of other vital signs monitoring systems 100 will block the access request of the vital signs acquisition device 110, thus effectively avoiding possible interference between multiple vital signs monitoring systems 100.

[0413] In some implementations, the identification step S14 includes:

[0414] The signal relay device 130 broadcasts, and the vital signs acquisition device 110 sends an access request to the signal relay device 130 upon receiving the broadcast.

[0415] The networking method of this invention can be implemented using the vital signs monitoring system 100 of this invention. Specifically, please refer to... Figure 20 The signal relay device 130 is used for broadcasting, and the vital signs acquisition device 110 is used to send an access request to the signal relay device 130 when it receives the broadcast.

[0416] Specifically, the second controller 131 of the signal relay device 130 may be used to broadcast, and the first controller 111 of the vital signs acquisition device 110 may be used to send an access request to the signal relay device 130 upon receiving the broadcast.

[0417] This improves the efficiency of signal transmission.

[0418] Since the vital signs acquisition device 110 may acquire vital signs signals intermittently, in order to ensure that the signal relay device 130 can receive the vital signs signals, the vital signs acquisition device 110 can receive the broadcast signal transmitted by the signal relay device 130. This will determine that the signal relay device 130 has the conditions to receive vital signs signals, and thus an access request can be sent to the signal relay device 130. This avoids the problem that the signal relay device 130 cannot effectively receive the vital signs signals sent by the vital signs acquisition device 110, which would affect the transmission efficiency.

[0419] Regarding the access step S15 in the networking method of this application embodiment, the signal relay device 130 can determine the congestion level of the channel in the current environment based on carrier sensing of a preset channel. When the signal relay device 130 detects that the voltage value corresponding to the signal received in the channel is less than a threshold value, it can determine that the congestion level in the current channel is low, thereby enabling the reception of the data signal sent by the vital signs acquisition device 110.

[0420] Upon receiving a data signal, the signal relay device 130 can determine the congestion level in the current channel based on the number of signals in the current channel, and then adjust the threshold value. In one embodiment, if the number of signals in the current channel is less than a preset number, the signal relay device 130 will decrease the threshold value so that if the number of signals in the current channel is greater than the preset number, the signal relay device 130 can promptly detect that the voltage value corresponding to the received signal is greater than the threshold value, thereby suspending the reception of the data signal and avoiding affecting the signal quality of the received data signal. In addition, in other embodiments, the signal relay device 130 can also adjust the threshold value according to the different signal transmission power in the channel of a preset frequency band.

[0421] In some implementations, access step S15 includes:

[0422] When the signal relay device 130 detects that the voltage value corresponding to the data signal is greater than the threshold value, it performs random back-off on the data signal and performs carrier sensing again on the channel within the preset frequency band.

[0423] The networking method of this invention can be implemented using the vital signs monitoring system 100 of this invention. Specifically, please refer to... Figure 20 The signal relay device 130 is used to perform random backoff on the data signal and re-carrier sensing on the channel within the preset frequency band when the voltage value corresponding to the data signal is detected to be greater than a threshold value. Specifically, the second controller 131 of the signal relay device 130 may be used to perform random backoff on the data signal and re-carrier sensing on the channel within the preset frequency band when the voltage value corresponding to the data signal is detected to be greater than a threshold value.

[0424] This ensures the signal quality of the received vital signs signals and reduces the need for additional power consumption.

[0425] Specifically, when the signal relay device 130 detects that the voltage value corresponding to the data signal is greater than the threshold value, it can determine that the signal relay device 130 has also received other signals (such as vital sign signals sent by other vital sign acquisition devices 110, signals transmitted by unknown devices outside the vital sign monitoring system 100 in this channel, etc.). The congestion level in this channel is high. If the vital sign signal continues to be received, the signal quality of the vital sign signal will be affected, and the vital sign acquisition device 110 will need to send the vital sign signal again, resulting in an additional increase in power consumption.

[0426] In the above-described embodiment, the vital sign signal transmitted by the vital sign acquisition device 110 can be randomly backed up, causing the signal relay device 130 to generate a random value. The vital sign acquisition device 110 waits based on this random value. The signal relay device 130 will then perform carrier sensing on the channel again at preset time intervals to detect the voltage value corresponding to the signal received in the channel. If the voltage value is less than a threshold value, it can be determined that the current channel is idle, and the random value is decremented by 1. After the random value is reduced to 0, it can be determined that the congestion level in the channel is low, and the signal relay device 130 has the conditions to receive the vital sign signal. This avoids the vital sign signal from being mixed with other signals and thus failing to identify the vital sign information represented by the vital sign signal, ensuring the signal quality of the received vital sign signal and avoiding additional power consumption.

[0427] In addition, it can be understood that when the signal relay device 130 receives a vital signs signal in a channel within a preset frequency band, the congestion level in the channel can be determined, and the threshold value can be dynamically updated according to the congestion level of the channel, thereby enhancing the adaptability to different environments when receiving vital signs signals.

[0428] In some implementations, access step S15 includes:

[0429] The vital signs acquisition device 110 enters a suspended waiting state without sending data signals.

[0430] The networking method of this invention can be implemented using the vital signs monitoring system 100 of this invention. Specifically, please refer to... Figure 20 The vital signs acquisition device 110 is used to enter a suspension waiting state when no data signal is transmitted. Specifically, the first controller 111 of the vital signs acquisition device 110 may be used to enter the suspension waiting state when no data signal is transmitted.

[0431] This effectively reduces the power consumption of the vital signs acquisition device 110.

[0432] Specifically, please combine Figure 23 In such an implementation, after completing the transmission of radio frequency signals, and when determining that it does not need to transmit data, the vital signs acquisition device 110 can determine that it is in a state of not transmitting data signals. This allows the vital signs acquisition device 110 to switch to a suspended waiting state, and the wireless transmitter of the vital signs acquisition device 110 to enter a standby mode, thereby significantly reducing the power consumption of the vital signs acquisition device 110 due to wireless transmission.

[0433] Additionally, in other implementation methods, please refer to... Figure 23 When the vital signs acquisition device 110 needs to wirelessly transmit data signals, a system interrupt can be initiated to activate its wireless transmitter. Similarly, for the signal relay device 130, when it needs to communicate wirelessly with the vital signs acquisition device 110, a system interrupt can be initiated to activate its wireless transmitter. When it does not need to communicate wirelessly with the vital signs acquisition device 110, it will similarly enter a suspend / wait state, putting its wireless transmitter into standby mode.

[0434] Please combine Figure 24 , Figure 24 The diagram shows a flowchart of an embodiment in which the vital signs acquisition device 110 sends vital signs signals to the signal relay device 130. Specifically, in Figure 24 In the embodiment shown, the vital signs acquisition device 110 can send vital signs signals to the signal relay device 130, thereby realizing the data transmission of vital signs signals between the vital signs acquisition device 110 and the signal relay device 130.

[0435] Regarding the synchronization step S16 in the networking method of this application embodiment, when the vital signs acquisition device 110 sends a vital signs signal, the signal relay device 130 can receive the vital signs signal and send a reception response signal to the vital signs acquisition device 110. It is understood that when multiple vital signs signals are acquired through multiple vital signs acquisition devices 110, it is necessary to determine the acquisition time of all vital signs signals to ensure synchronization in time. In one embodiment, please refer to... Figure 24The received response signal includes ACK (Acknowledge character) and timestamp. The vital signs acquisition device 110 can determine that the signal relay device 130 has received the vital signs signal based on the ACK, and synchronize the vital signs signal with the local time based on the timestamp, thereby ensuring that the vital signs signals sent by all vital signs acquisition devices 110 are synchronized in time.

[0436] The vital signs acquisition device 110 waits for a preset response time to receive a response signal. If the vital signs acquisition device 110 receives a response signal within the waiting time, it can determine the acquisition time of the vital signs signal based on the response signal. This allows the signal relay device 130 to determine the acquisition time of each vital signs signal after receiving all the vital signs signals sent by the vital signs acquisition devices 110, thereby determining the changes in the user's vital signs at each moment.

[0437] In addition, please combine Figure 24 The received response signal may also include an RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indicator), which allows the signal relay device 130 to adjust the transmission power of the vital signs signal according to the RSSI, thereby avoiding additional power consumption caused by transmitting the signal and relatively increasing the continuous use time.

[0438] It is understandable that the channel quality for receiving vital sign signals by the signal relay device 130 is determined based on the received response signal, thereby adjusting the transmission power of the vital sign signals accordingly. When the channel quality is low, the vital sign acquisition device 110 will increase the transmission power of the vital sign signals, ensuring that the signal relay device 130 can stably receive the vital sign signals sent by the vital sign acquisition device 110. When the channel quality is high, the vital sign acquisition device 110 will decrease the transmission power of the vital sign signals, allowing it to transmit wirelessly with lower power consumption, thus increasing its battery life. In other words, the vital sign acquisition device 110 can automatically adjust the transmission power of the signal based on the received response signal.

[0439] In some implementations, the synchronization step S16 includes:

[0440] If the vital signs acquisition device 110 does not receive a response signal after the waiting time has expired, it adjusts the transmission power of the vital signs signal.

[0441] The networking method of this invention can be implemented using the vital signs monitoring system 100 of this invention. Specifically, please refer to... Figure 20 The vital signs acquisition device 110 is used to adjust the transmission power of the vital signs signal if no response signal is received after the waiting time has expired.

[0442] Specifically, the first controller 111 of the vital signs acquisition device 110 may adjust the transmission power of the vital signs signal if no response signal is received after the waiting time has expired.

[0443] This increases the probability of successful transmission of vital signs signals and reduces the power consumption generated by wireless transmission.

[0444] Please combine Figure 24 If no response signal is received after the waiting period, a data transmission failure is determined, causing the vital signs acquisition device 110 to adjust the transmission power of the vital signs signal. The adjustment of the transmission power can be done by gradually increasing or decreasing the transmission power according to a preset level, by making real-time dynamic adjustments as needed, or by adjusting the transmission power of the vital signs signal based on previously received response signals. In one embodiment, the transmission power of the vital signs signal adjusted by the vital signs acquisition device 110 based on the response signal is a first power. If a data transmission failure occurs during the next transmission of the vital signs signal by the vital signs acquisition device 110, the transmission power of the vital signs signal can be adjusted to a second power greater than the first power, thereby increasing the probability of the signal relay device 130 successfully receiving the vital signs signal.

[0445] In some implementations, the synchronization step S16 includes:

[0446] When the number of times the transmission power of the vital signs signal is adjusted reaches a preset number, the vital signs acquisition device 110 discards the vital signs signal and issues a transmission failure prompt.

[0447] The networking method of this invention can be implemented using the vital signs monitoring system 100 of this invention. Specifically, please refer to... Figure 20 The vital signs acquisition device 110 is used to discard the vital signs signal and issue a transmission failure prompt when the number of times the transmission power of the vital signs signal is adjusted reaches a preset number.

[0448] Specifically, the first controller 111 of the vital signs acquisition device 110 may discard the vital signs signal and issue a transmission failure prompt when the number of times the transmission power of the vital signs signal is adjusted reaches a preset number.

[0449] This can improve the efficiency of transmitting vital signs signals.

[0450] Specifically, please combine Figure 24 ,exist Figure 24 In the illustrated embodiment, the preset number of attempts is the maximum number of attempts. It can be understood that if the vital signs acquisition device 110 fails to transmit vital signs signals to the signal relay device 130 multiple times, it can be determined that the signal relay device 130 cannot receive the vital signs signals. Therefore, the vital signs signals can be discarded to avoid affecting the transmission of subsequent vital signs signals, thus ensuring the transmission efficiency of vital signs signals.

[0451] In summary, the vital signs monitoring method and vital signs monitoring system 100 provided by the embodiments of the present invention not only overcome the shortcomings of traditional wireless single-lead dynamic vital signs monitoring systems 100, which cannot collect multi-lead electrocardiogram signals and thus cannot comprehensively assess cardiac health status, but also form an electrocardiogram signal acquisition and data transmission device with acquisition and wireless transmission functions by grouping each electrocardiogram acquisition electrode in pairs. By adopting proprietary short-range wireless transmission protocol networking technology, a vital signs data wireless network is formed consisting of vital signs acquisition device 110, signal relay device 130, and signal analysis device 150, truly realizing the wireless acquisition, recording, and analysis of user vital signs data under discrete node conditions.

[0452] Compared with related technologies, the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0453] 1. The present invention uses multiple independent vital sign acquisition devices 110 to acquire and transmit multi-lead electrocardiogram signals. Compared with traditional medical electrocardiogram acquisition devices, it significantly improves the wearing comfort of the device while achieving the same acquisition effect and accuracy, and can acquire multi-lead electrocardiogram signals even when the user is in normal activity.

[0454] 2. The wireless acquisition and recording of electrocardiogram (ECG) signals effectively improves the accuracy and clinical significance of ECG acquisition, providing medical-grade precision ECG data support for further diagnosis by medical staff;

[0455] 3. By adopting a proprietary short-range wireless transmission protocol to wirelessly network and communicate between multiple vital sign acquisition devices 110 and signal relay devices 130, compared with traditional wireless transmission protocols, it has the characteristics of multi-point networking, lower power consumption, and low frequency interference, which can effectively improve the communication performance between nodes and the overall standby time of the device.

[0456] 4. By utilizing three basic ECG vector values, the 12-lead ECG signal in the clinical diagnostic criteria for cardiac diseases is calculated, effectively reducing the difficulty and cost of acquiring the 12-lead ECG signal;

[0457] 5. By adopting the challenge-feedback principle, a node access authentication algorithm was implemented, effectively ensuring the legitimacy of node access in private short-range wireless transmission networks;

[0458] 6. By employing chaotic encryption technology, high-strength encrypted communication between nodes and the data center in a private short-range wireless transmission network was achieved, ensuring the data security of vital sign signals.

[0459] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "certain embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0460] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A vital signs monitoring system, characterized in that, The vital signs monitoring system includes at least two vital signs acquisition devices, a signal relay device, and a signal analysis device. The vital signs acquisition devices are used to acquire vital signs signals of a human body, and the vital signs acquisition devices communicate wirelessly with the signal relay devices. The vital signs acquisition device is used to acquire multiple vital signs signals from corresponding parts of the human body, process the multiple vital signs signals to generate transmission data, and wirelessly transmit the transmission data to the signal relay device. The signal relay device is used to receive the transmission data sent by the vital signs acquisition device, process the received transmission data to obtain the multiple vital signs signals, and transmit the multiple vital signs signals to the signal analysis device. The signal analysis device is used to receive the multiple vital sign signals and process the multiple vital sign signals to obtain multiple target vital sign signals, and to process the multiple target vital sign signals to obtain vital sign signal analysis results; At least two of the vital signs acquisition devices and the signal relay device form a star network; The vital signs monitoring system is used to perform the identification step, the access step, and the synchronization step, wherein... In the identification step; The vital signs acquisition device is used to send an access request to the signal relay device, and the signal relay device is used to identify the vital signs acquisition device. The signal relay device is also used to allow the vital signs acquisition device to access the signal relay device when it is determined that the vital signs acquisition device is legitimate. In the access step, The vital signs acquisition device is used to send data signals to the signal relay device. The signal relay device is used to perform carrier sensing on a channel within a preset frequency band to receive the data signal with a voltage value less than a threshold value, wherein the data signal includes the vital signs signal; The signal relay device is further configured to adjust the threshold value according to the number of signals in the channel, and receive the data signal according to the adjusted threshold value; In the synchronization step, The vital signs acquisition device is used to transmit the vital signs signal to the signal relay device at an initial power. The signal relay device is used to generate a receive response signal based on the vital signs signal and to transmit the receive response signal to the vital signs acquisition device; The vital signs acquisition device is also used to acquire the time point of sending the vital signs signal based on the received response signal, and to adjust the transmission power of the vital signs signal.

2. The vital signs monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vital signs acquisition device includes multiple acquisition electrodes, which are respectively placed on different parts of the human body surface to acquire vital signs signals of the corresponding parts. The vital signs acquisition device is used for: Multiple vital sign signals of the human body are acquired through the multiple acquisition electrodes, wherein the multiple acquisition electrodes are arranged at corresponding parts of the human body surface according to a preset spatial relative relationship. The signal analysis device is used for: Receive the plurality of vital sign signals and process the plurality of vital sign signals to generate the plurality of target vital sign signals; Based on the multiple target vital sign signals, the vital sign signal analysis results are generated.

3. The vital signs monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vital signs acquisition device is used for: Acquire multiple vital sign signals from different parts of the human body, and convert the amplitude of each vital sign signal into a one-dimensional array; The one-dimensional array is encrypted using a Logistic mapping to obtain encrypted transmission data, and the transmission data is then sent to the signal relay device, or The one-dimensional array is encrypted using a chaotic system to obtain encrypted transmission data, and the transmission data is sent to the signal relay device. The chaotic system includes a Tent map and a Logistic map, and the Tent map is used to generate multiple initial parameters for the Logistic map.

4. The vital signs monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vital signs acquisition device is used for: Send a connection request to establish communication to the signal relay device; The signal relay device is used for: Upon receiving the connection request, the legitimacy of the vital signs acquisition device is verified based on a challenge-response mechanism; If the vital signs acquisition device is determined to be legitimate, the signal relay device establishes a communication connection with the vital signs acquisition device.

Images