A frictional nanogenerator and self-powered flow sensing system

Abstract

The application relates to a friction nanometer power generation device and a self-powered flow sensing system. The device comprises a top cover, a multilayered shell, a base, an FEP tab, a copper patch electrode, a nylon film, an aluminum shaft and an impeller; the top cover is connected with the aluminum shaft through a nut at the top; the FEP tab is fixed in the vertical strip structure of the top cover; the aluminum shaft passes through the center of the impeller; the bearing is fixed on the base; the bearing guides the aluminum shaft; the copper patch electrode and the nylon film are attached to each layer of the shell; the nylon film rubs against the FEP tab; the multilayered shell is fixed in the groove of the base; the impeller drives the aluminum shaft to rotate; the aluminum shaft drives the top cover to rotate; the top cover drives the FEP tab to rotate and then rubs against the nylon film. The application can improve the output power density per unit volume, the capacitor can store more energy per unit time, the LED signal lamp can be ensured to operate for a long time, the flow level can be fed back, and the instantaneous flow size can be accurately obtained through the processing of an electrometer, a transmitter, a DAQ acquisition card and a Labview module.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water flow measurement, and in particular to a triboelectric nanogenerator and a self-powered flow sensing system. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, triboelectric nanogenerators are being widely promoted, but compared with the self-powered sensors required by the Internet of Things, both the variety and quantity are still far from sufficient.

[0003] Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) are a novel energy harvesting technology proposed in 2012. The basic principle of a TENG is the coupling of triboelectric charging and electrostatic induction, making it the fourth recognized high-efficiency environmental mechanical energy harvesting and power generation technology after electromagnetic induction, piezoelectric, and electrostatic generators. In recent years, environmental energy harvesting methods have been considered feasible. This involves collecting energy from the surrounding environment in real time and converting it into electrical energy for storage or power generation. This method is greener, space-saving, has a longer lifespan, and ensures system stability. It can harvest various forms of mechanical energy and convert them into electrical energy, such as wind energy, ocean energy, vibration energy, and human motion energy. Compared to other power generation methods, TENGs have advantages such as simple structure, ease of installation, high power generation efficiency, and low cost. Furthermore, TENGs perform well in various random environments, especially in environments with random direction and low frequency, where they exhibit irreplaceable performance.

[0004] The output power of triboelectric nanogenerators is typically between microwatts and milliwatts, which is not very high for energy storage. Therefore, increasing the output power is crucial for the wider adoption of triboelectric nanogenerators. Triboelectric nanogenerators are characterized by high voltage and low current. Typical triboelectric nanogenerators can achieve voltages of tens of volts and currents of a few microamps. While tens of volts are sufficient for electrical signals, a few microamps of current is indeed small, resulting in a relatively low total output power. Therefore, it is difficult to support the operation of devices with high power consumption.

[0005] Existing electromagnetic flow sensors have certain limitations. They can only measure the flow rate of conductive liquids, not non-conductive liquids such as alcohol. When used to measure viscous liquids with dirt or deposits, the viscous material or sediment adheres to the inner wall of the measuring tube or the electrodes, causing changes in the transmitter's output potential and introducing measurement errors. If the dirt on the electrodes reaches a certain thickness, the instrument may fail to take a measurement. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a triboelectric nanogenerator and a self-powered flow sensing system, which can improve the output power density per unit volume, thus storing more energy per unit time and using it to drive LED indicator lights to provide feedback on the flow level, and monitor the pipeline flow in real time based on the electrical signal output by the triboelectric nanogenerator.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution:

[0008] A triboelectric nanogenerator includes: a top cover, a multi-layered outer shell, a base, an FEP (fiber optic plate) lever, a copper patch electrode, a nylon film, an aluminum shaft, and an impeller;

[0009] The top cover is connected to the aluminum shaft via a nut; the FEP paddle is fixed in the vertical bar structure of the top cover;

[0010] The aluminum shaft passes through the center of the impeller; the bearing is fixed to the base; the bearing is used to guide the aluminum shaft;

[0011] Each outer shell is fitted with the copper patch electrode and the nylon film; the nylon film is used to rub against the FEP paddle.

[0012] All the multiple outer shells are fixed in the grooves of the base;

[0013] The impeller is used to drive the aluminum shaft to rotate; the aluminum shaft is used to drive the top cover to rotate; the top cover is used to drive the FEP pawl to rotate, thereby rubbing against the nylon film.

[0014] Optionally, the aluminum shaft is a multi-segment stepped shaft.

[0015] Optionally, it also includes: an impeller housing;

[0016] The impeller housing is fixed to the base.

[0017] According to specific embodiments provided by the present invention, the present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0018] In the triboelectric nanogenerator provided by this invention, the impeller drives the aluminum shaft to rotate; the aluminum shaft drives the top cover to rotate; the top cover drives the FEP (Fused Polymer Electrode) lever to rotate. The FEP lever rubs against the layers of nylon film. Based on the principle of triboelectric nanogenerators, charge transfer occurs between the two copper electrodes under the nylon film, creating a potential difference that drives the movement of electrons in the external circuit, resulting in output power. Due to the double-sided friction of the lever, the multi-layer structure within a unit volume, the arrangement of the number and position of the electrodes, and the parallel output of multiple layers, the output power density per unit volume is significantly improved.

[0019] A self-powered flow sensing system includes a triboelectric nanogenerator; water pipes are connected to both ends of the impeller housing; the impeller rotates using liquid; the system also includes an energy management circuit, LED indicator lights, an electrometer, a transmitter, a DAQ data acquisition card, and a LabVIEW module.

[0020] The triboelectric nanogenerator is connected via an electrometer, a transmitter, a DAQ data acquisition card, and a LabVIEW module.

[0021] The triboelectric nanogenerator is also connected to an LED signal light via the energy management circuit.

[0022] Optionally, the energy management circuit includes: a rectifier, a capacitor, and multiple LED driving units; each LED driving unit has a different driving voltage;

[0023] The rectifier is used to rectify the alternating current output by the triboelectric nanogenerator.

[0024] The capacitor is used to store the rectified electricity;

[0025] The LED driving unit is used to compare the output voltage of the triboelectric nanogenerator with a preset voltage value, and then drive the corresponding LED signal light according to the comparison result.

[0026] Optionally, the LED driving unit includes a monostable trigger.

[0027] Optionally, the energy management circuit further includes: a voltage regulator chip;

[0028] The voltage regulator chip is disposed between the capacitor and the LED driving unit.

[0029] Optionally, it may also include: a display device;

[0030] The display device is connected to the LabVIEW module.

[0031] According to specific embodiments provided by the present invention, the present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0032] This invention provides a self-powered flow sensing system, comprising a triboelectric nanogenerator; water pipes are connected to both ends of the impeller housing; the impeller rotates using liquid flow, thus avoiding the limitations of existing electromagnetic flow sensors, allowing for the measurement of flow rates of non-conductive media, and preventing viscous substances or sediments from adhering to the inner wall of the measuring tube or electrodes; the current of the triboelectric nanogenerator changes linearly with the flow rate, serving as an electrical signal, and the output power of the triboelectric nanogenerator, after storage and processing, can support the operation of LED indicator lights for extended periods. Due to the structural characteristics and connection method of the triboelectric nanogenerator, the output power is high, and after storing the energy through the circuit, it can power LED indicator lights for a long time, with the LED indicator lights reflecting the flow rate level of the pipeline. Simultaneously, the triboelectric nanogenerator also functions as a sensor, processing the output AC signal and transmitting it to a DAQ signal acquisition card, then displaying the results on the device via a LabVIEW module. This is a significant innovation compared to existing pipeline flow sensing systems. It not only eliminates the need for power supplies required by existing flow sensors by using a triboelectric nanogenerator, but also allows for the measurement of non-conductive media and viscous liquids. Furthermore, the designed triboelectric nanogenerator structure and connection method enhance the output power, enabling self-powered LED indicator lights and achieving intuitive and accurate monitoring of pipeline flow. Attached Figure Description

[0033] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0034] Figure 1 This is a diagram of the internal structure of a triboelectric nanogenerator.

[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a triboelectric nanogenerator.

[0036] Figure 3 Diagram of the inner and outer walls of the outer shell;

[0037] Figure 4 Electrode distribution diagram of a triboelectric nanogenerator;

[0038] Figure 5 Figure showing the output voltage of multiple triboelectric nanogenerators connected in parallel.

[0039] Figure 6 This is a flowchart of a self-powered flow sensing system based on triboelectric nanogenerators.

[0040] Figure 7A schematic diagram of the power generation principle of a self-powered flow sensing system based on triboelectric nanogenerators;

[0041] Figure 8 This is a circuit diagram of a self-powered flow sensing system based on triboelectric nanogenerators.

[0042] Figure 9 The graph shows the relationship between the rotational speed and current of a triboelectric nanogenerator.

[0043] Figure 10 Display the image in LabVIEW. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0045] The purpose of this invention is to provide a triboelectric nanogenerator and a self-powered flow sensing system. Based on the design of the triboelectric nanogenerator's double-sided friction, multi-layer structure within a unit volume, arrangement of the number and position of electrodes, and parallel output of multiple layers, the output power density per unit volume can be increased. This allows for the storage of more energy per unit time, which can be used to drive LED indicator lights to provide feedback on flow levels. Furthermore, the system monitors pipeline flow in real time based on the electrical signals output by the triboelectric nanogenerator.

[0046] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0047] Figure 1 This is a diagram of the internal structure of a triboelectric nanogenerator. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a triboelectric nanogenerator, as shown below. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the triboelectric nanogenerator provided by the present invention includes: a top cover 2, a four-layer multilayer shell (a first shell 8, a second shell 9, a third shell 10, and a fourth shell 11), a base 7, FEP paddles (FEP paddles 3, 4, 5, and 6), a copper patch electrode 20, a nylon film 19, an aluminum shaft 13, and an impeller 12.

[0048] The top cover 2 is connected to the aluminum shaft 13 via a nut 1; the FEP paddle is fixed in the vertical bar structure of the top cover 2;

[0049] The aluminum shaft 13 passes through the center of the impeller 12; the bearing 14 is fixed on the base 7; the bearing 14 is used to guide the aluminum shaft 13;

[0050] Each outer shell is fitted with the copper patch electrode 20 and the nylon film 19; the nylon film 19 is used to rub against the FEP paddle.

[0051] All the multiple outer shells are fixed in the grooves of the base 7;

[0052] The impeller 12 is used to drive the aluminum shaft 13 to rotate; the aluminum shaft 13 is used to drive the top cover 2 to rotate; the top cover 2 is used to drive the FEP pawl to rotate, thereby rubbing against the nylon film 19.

[0053] The top cover 2, first outer shell 8, second outer shell 9, third outer shell 10, fourth outer shell 11, and base 7 are 3D printed parts. The top cover 2 consists of a disc on top and 16 vertical strips hanging down below. The top cover 2 is connected to the aluminum shaft 13 via a nut 1. The vertical strips of the top cover 2 have gaps in the middle for fixing the FEP paddles. The FEP paddles have different sizes because each layer of electrodes has a different size; the outermost FEP paddle is the largest, and the innermost FEP paddle is the smallest. The aluminum shaft 13 is a multi-segment stepped shaft, with threads at both the top and bottom. The base 7 has multiple layers of grooves, and the first outer shell 8, second outer shell 9, third outer shell 10, fourth outer shell 11, and bearing 14 are all fixed to the base 7. The first outer shell 8, second outer shell 9, third outer shell 10, and fourth outer shell 11 each have two semi-circular holes at the bottom for leading out wires. The first outer shell 8 has copper patch electrodes 20 and nylon films 19 attached to its interior. The second, third, and fourth outer shells 9, 10, and 11 also have copper patch electrodes 20 and nylon films 19 attached to both their interior and exterior. The bearing 14 ensures the perpendicularity of the aluminum shaft 13 and acts as a guide, allowing each layer's FEP paddles to rub evenly against each layer's nylon film 19. Below the triboelectric nanogenerator is an impeller 12. The impeller 12 is mounted on the aluminum shaft 13, which, being a stepped shaft, holds the upper part of the impeller 12 in place. The lower part of the impeller 12 is secured with a nut 15, thus fixing the impeller 12 in place. The rotation of the impeller 12 drives the aluminum shaft 13, which is clamped to the top cover 2, thereby rotating the top cover 2 and the four sets of FEP paddles fixed to it.

[0054] like Figure 2 As shown, the triboelectric nanogenerator provided by this invention further includes: an impeller housing 18; an impeller 12 is placed in the impeller housing 18, and the impeller housing 18 is then fixed to the base 7 with a nut 17 and a bolt 16. Water pipes are connected to both ends of the impeller housing 18, allowing the impeller 12 and the FEP vane to rotate via water flow, thereby achieving efficient output through triboelectric nanogenerator generation.

[0055] like Figure 3 As shown, the first outer shell 8 is the outermost layer, with only the inner side being a friction layer. The second outer shell 9, the third outer shell 10, and the fourth outer shell 11 all have friction layers on both sides, and copper patch electrodes 20 are attached to both the inner and outer sides. The FEP paddle can directly contact the copper patch electrodes 20, but in order to protect the copper electrodes from oxidation and to consider the different electron gain and loss capabilities of different materials, a nylon film 19 is attached to the outer side of the copper patch electrodes 20 for friction with the FEP paddle.

[0056] like Figure 4 As shown in the diagram, this is half of a single-layer shell with 8 electrodes. In reality, each layer of the shell has 16 electrodes on one side. Of these, 8 are electrode one and 8 are electrode two. According to... Figure 6 Each electrode that is spaced apart can be used as an electrode of the same type. Then, the electrodes of the same type on the inner and outer sides are connected together on the top using surface-mount copper electrodes. Then, the electrodes of the same type are grouped together and connected to the bottom of the outer casing. In this way, the bottom of the inner and outer layers of the outer casing are two different total electrodes one and two. Then, the two total electrodes at the bottom of the four outer casings are led out and connected in parallel through the holes at the bottom of the outer casings with wires for external output.

[0057] like Figure 7 As shown, based on the triboelectric effect of two different dielectrics, the FEP paddle acts as an independent layer, and the nylon film 19 acts as an intermediate insulating layer, completely covering a ring of fixed electrodes. When the FEP paddle slides on the surface of the nylon film, negative charges will enter the FEP surface from the nylon surface. For the positive charges on the nylon surface, since they are always in a stationary state, the potential they induce between the two electrodes remains constant, and they do not provide any driving force for the flow of charges on the external load. The driving force for the directional movement of charges comes from the sliding of the negatively charged FEP paddle. Therefore, the sliding of the paddle will cause the transfer of charges between the electrodes, thereby driving the charge flow in the external circuit and outputting it to the outside.

[0058] like Figure 6 As shown, the present invention provides a self-powered flow sensing system, the system including a triboelectric nanogenerator; water pipes are connected to both ends of the impeller housing 18; the impeller 12 rotates using water flow; the system also includes: an energy management circuit, LED indicator lights, a DAQ data acquisition card, and a LabVIEW module;

[0059] The triboelectric nanogenerator is connected via an electrometer, a transmitter, a DAQ data acquisition card, and a LabVIEW module.

[0060] The triboelectric nanogenerator is also connected to an LED signal light via the energy management circuit.

[0061] The energy management circuit includes a rectifier, a capacitor, and multiple LED driving units; each LED driving unit has a different driving voltage.

[0062] The rectifier is used to rectify the alternating current output by the triboelectric nanogenerator.

[0063] The capacitor is used to store the rectified electricity;

[0064] The LED driving unit is used to compare the voltage after the output current of the triboelectric nanogenerator passes through a resistor with a set voltage value, and then drive the corresponding LED signal light according to the comparison result.

[0065] The LED driving unit includes a monostable trigger.

[0066] like Figure 5 As shown, after the multilayer triboelectric nanogenerators are connected in parallel, the output voltage increases with the increase of the number of triboelectric nanogenerators. (Figure U) oc1 U oc2 U oc3 ...U ocn U represents the voltage of each layer. Boc The output voltage after multiple parallel connections is represented by formula (1). Parallel output voltage U Boc The larger the capacitance, the more charge Q can be stored in the capacitor C per unit time, according to formula (2).

[0067]

[0068]

[0069] like Figure 6As shown, the device's promotion primarily targets liquid energy in pipelines. The liquid in the pipeline drives the impeller 12 to rotate, which in turn rotates the top cover 2 and the FEP paddles on it. The paddles rub against the nylon membranes 19 in each layer. Based on the principle of triboelectric nanogenerators, charge transfer occurs between the two copper electrodes under the nylon membrane 19, creating a potential difference that drives the movement of electrons in the external circuit, resulting in an output. This output electricity serves both as an electrical signal and as energy harvesting. The processed electrical signal is transmitted to a DAQ acquisition card, then processed by LabVIEW before being connected to a display device. Simultaneously, the output AC power from the triboelectric nanogenerator is converted to DC power by a rectifier circuit and stored in a capacitor. A voltage regulator chip is then connected to the capacitor, providing a constant voltage to power a monostable multivibrator, which in turn controls LED indicator lights. This allows the device to display specific flow rates and also provides information on flow levels via LED indicator lights, which is of significant importance for pipeline water flow control and flood prevention.

[0070] The energy management circuit also includes: a voltage regulator chip;

[0071] The voltage regulator chip is disposed between the capacitor and the LED driving unit.

[0072] like Figure 8As shown, the electrical signal output by the triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) is processed and transmitted to the DAQ data acquisition card. The calculated data is then displayed on a display device via a LabVIEW module. Simultaneously, the triboelectric nanogenerator also stores electrical energy. Because the TENG outputs alternating current (AC), it is first rectified by a rectifier before being stored in capacitor C. The stored energy is used to power monostable multivibrators (MSLs) to drive LED indicator lights. However, since MSLs require a constant voltage supply, a voltage regulator chip is used to output the energy from the capacitor at a constant voltage. Three of the MSLs control three LED indicator lights based on the TENG output. Monostable multivibrators are chosen instead of comparators because the TENG outputs AC; if a comparator circuit were used, the LED indicator lights would not illuminate at lower frequencies. The TENG current is divided by resistors R1 and R2, and the divided voltage is then transmitted to the three MSLs. The constant voltage output by the voltage regulator chip is divided by resistors R3 and R4 and then transmitted to monostable multivibrator 1, resulting in a constant value of 1. The voltage after voltage division by the TENG is compared with this constant value to determine whether LED signal light 1 is on or off. Similarly, the constant voltage output by the voltage regulator chip is divided by resistors R5 and R6 and then transmitted to monostable multivibrator 2, resulting in a constant value of 2. The voltage after voltage division by the TENG is compared with this constant value to determine whether LED signal light 2 is on or off. The constant voltage output by the voltage regulator chip is divided by resistors R7 and R8 and then transmitted to monostable multivibrator 3, resulting in a constant value of 3. The voltage after voltage division by the TENG is compared with this constant value to determine whether LED signal light 3 is on or off.

[0073] The self-powered flow sensing system provided by the present invention further includes: a display device;

[0074] The display device is connected to the LabVIEW module.

[0075] like Figure 9 As shown, the impeller speed is directly proportional to the flow rate, and the relationship between the speed and the current is shown in the figure. Their relationship formula is shown in formula (3), where y represents the current and x represents the speed. It can be seen that the current is different at different speeds, and the corresponding speed and flow rate can be obtained from the output current.

[0076] y = 0.05549x + 2.50549 (3)

[0077] like Figure 10As shown, the TENG output electrical signal acquired by the DAQ acquisition card is used to calculate the corresponding real-time pipeline water flow rate, which is displayed on the meter and below at the flow rate section. The waveform graph on the left shows the change in water flow rate, and the indicator light illuminates when the water flow rate exceeds a specific value.

[0078] The working process of the self-powered flow sensing system provided by this invention is as follows:

[0079] First, the impeller housing 18 is fixed to the base 7 with nuts and bolts. Then, water pipes are connected to both ends of the impeller housing 18. When water flows through the pipes, it drives the impeller 12 and the FEP sprocket to rotate. Based on the contact friction between the rotating FEP sprocket and the nylon membrane 19, and according to the independent layer mode power generation principle of the triboelectric nanogenerator, charge transfer occurs between the copper electrodes on the lower layer of the nylon membrane 19, thereby driving the charge flow in the external circuit and outputting it externally. After the triboelectric nanogenerator outputs, the output electrical signal is acquired by the DAQ data acquisition card, then calculated by the LabVIEW module, and the result is displayed on the display device. At the same time, the triboelectric nanogenerator converts the AC power into DC power through a rectifier and stores it in a capacitor. Then, a constant voltage is output to the monostable trigger through a voltage regulator chip. The output current of the TENG is compared with the set reference voltage through a resistor to control the corresponding LED indicator to light up, reflecting the current water flow level.

[0080] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. For the systems disclosed in the embodiments, since they correspond to the methods disclosed in the embodiments, the descriptions are relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to the method section.

[0081] This document uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

Claims

1. A triboelectric nanogenerator, characterized in that, include: Top cover, four-layer outer shell, base, FEP lever, copper patch electrode, nylon film, aluminum shaft and impeller; The top cover is connected to the aluminum shaft via a nut; the FEP paddle is fixed in the vertical bar structure of the top cover; The aluminum shaft passes through the center of the impeller; the bearing is fixed to the base; the bearing is used to guide the aluminum shaft; Each outer shell is fitted with the copper patch electrode and the nylon film; the nylon film is used to rub against the FEP paddle. All four outer shells are fixed in the grooves of the base; the first outer shell has the copper patch electrode and the nylon film attached only to its inner side, while the second, third, and fourth outer shells have the copper patch electrode and the nylon film attached to both their inner and outer sides; the first outer shell is the outermost layer, with only its inner side being a friction layer; the second, third, and fourth outer shells have friction layers on both sides. The impeller drives the aluminum shaft to rotate; the aluminum shaft is a multi-segment stepped shaft, and the aluminum shaft drives the top cover to rotate; the top cover drives the FEP paddle to rotate, which in turn rubs against the nylon membrane. According to the principle of triboelectric nanogenerator, charge is transferred between the two copper patch electrodes under the nylon membrane, creating a potential difference between the two copper patch electrodes, driving the movement of electrons in the external circuit for output; through the double-sided friction of the FEP paddle, the multi-layer structure within a unit volume, the arrangement of the number and position of the electrodes, and the parallel output of the multi-layer structure, the output power density per unit volume is greatly improved.

2. The triboelectric nanogenerator according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: Impeller casing; The impeller housing is fixed to the base.

3. A self-powered flow sensing system, characterized in that, The system includes a triboelectric nanogenerator as described in claim 2; water pipes are connected to both ends of the impeller housing; the impeller rotates using liquid; the system also includes: an energy management circuit, LED indicator lights, an electrometer, a transmitter, a DAQ data acquisition card, and a LabVIEW module; The triboelectric nanogenerator is connected via an electrometer, a transmitter, a DAQ data acquisition card, and a LabVIEW module. The triboelectric nanogenerator is also connected to an LED signal light via the energy management circuit.

4. The self-powered flow sensing system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The energy management circuit includes a rectifier, a capacitor, and multiple LED driving units; each LED driving unit has a different driving voltage. The rectifier is used to rectify the alternating current output by the triboelectric nanogenerator. The capacitor is used to store the rectified electricity; The LED driving unit is used to compare the output voltage of the triboelectric nanogenerator with a preset voltage value, and then drive the corresponding LED signal light according to the comparison result.

5. The self-powered flow sensing system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The LED driving unit includes a monostable trigger.

6. The self-powered flow sensing system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The energy management circuit also includes: a voltage regulator chip; The voltage regulator chip is disposed between the capacitor and the LED driving unit.

7. The self-powered flow sensing system according to claim 4, characterized in that, Also includes: Display devices; The display device is connected to the LabVIEW module.

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