Phased Array Antenna Device and Phased Array Communication System

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a phased array antenna device and a phased array communication system. The phased array antenna device includes a mounting surface; a plurality of first array elements are arranged in a first array on the mounting surface and are configured to selectively transmit or receive signals in a first frequency band and a second frequency band; a plurality of second array elements and some of the plurality of first array elements are arranged in a second array on the mounting surface and are configured to transmit or receive signals in the second frequency band; a plurality of first array elements arranged in the first array on the mounting surface are configured to operate in the first frequency band to perform detection within the first frequency band range; a plurality of first array elements and second array elements arranged in the second array on the mounting surface are configured to operate in the second frequency band to perform detection within the second frequency band range. The antenna device of the present disclosure designs the array elements of different frequency bands to be arranged coplanarly, and increases the communication bandwidth of the antenna device through fusion communication, enabling the phased array antenna device to be applied to more usage scenarios.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of communication devices, and in particular, to a phased array antenna device and a phased array communication system. Background Art

[0002] When communicating between a high-speed moving terminal or a highly maneuverable aircraft and a low-Earth orbit satellite, the required antenna frequency band bandwidth is extremely large. Even using an antenna device with an ultra-wideband band cannot meet the communication frequency bands of the two. To solve the communication requirements, multiple phased array transmission systems with different frequency bands are usually set up to increase the bandwidth of the phased array transmission system, thereby realizing communication.

[0003] Multiple phased array antenna transmission systems with different frequency bands are arranged independently. Although this can increase the operating bandwidth of the transmission system and solve the communication requirements, due to the large space and weight occupied by the phased array transmission system, its application scenarios are very limited.

[0004] In addition, for phased array antenna transmission systems with different frequency bands, each internal unit is independently designed. In actual use, it is also necessary to switch and adjust different transmission systems for transceiver work. This not only makes the operation cumbersome, but also generates a large amount of power consumption and debugging costs. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present disclosure provides a phased array antenna device and a phased array communication system to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] According to a first aspect of the present disclosure, a phased array antenna device is provided, including:

[0007] An installation surface;

[0008] A plurality of first array elements, the plurality of first array elements are arranged in a first array on the installation surface; the first array is configured to at least selectively transmit or receive signals in a first frequency band and a second frequency band;

[0009] A plurality of second array elements, the plurality of second array elements and some of the plurality of first array elements are arranged in a second array on the installation surface, and the second array is configured to transmit or receive signals in the second frequency band;

[0010] Wherein, a plurality of first array elements arranged in a first array on the installation surface are configured to operate in the first frequency band to detect within the first frequency band range; a plurality of first array elements and second array elements arranged in a second array on the installation surface are configured to operate in the second frequency band to detect within the second frequency band range.

[0011] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the first array element is a full-band circularly polarized antenna; the second array element is a high-frequency circularly polarized antenna.

[0012] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the first frequency band is 25 GHz - 27 GHz, and the second frequency band is 27 GHz - 30 GHz.

[0013] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, in the first array, the linear distance between two adjacent first array elements

[0014] In the second array, the linear distance between two adjacent second array elements, and the linear distance between two adjacent first and second array elements

[0015] Where λ1 is the wavelength of the first frequency band; λ2 is the wavelength of the second frequency band, α is the scanning angle, and the linear distance refers to the distance of the array elements in the horizontal and vertical directions.

[0016] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, in the first array, when α is 90°, the linear distance between two adjacent first array elements in the first array is less than or equal to 5.6 mm; in the second array, the linear distance between two adjacent second array elements, and the linear distance between two adjacent first and second array elements are less than or equal to 5.0 mm;

[0017] When α is 60°, the linear distance between two adjacent first array elements is less than or equal to 6.0 mm; in the second array, the linear distance between two adjacent second array elements, and the linear distance between two adjacent first and second array elements are less than or equal to 5.4 mm.

[0018] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the second array elements are distributed in the gaps of some of the first array elements.

[0019] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the antenna device includes a plurality of circuit boards, and the first array elements are arranged in a straight line in sequence along the extending direction of the circuit boards; two adjacent circuit boards are arranged in a staggered manner with respect to the first array elements, and the end faces of the plurality of circuit boards form the mounting surface.

[0020] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, there are sixty-four first array elements and forty second array elements;

[0021] The sixty-four first array elements are configured to perform detection within the first frequency band range when operating in the first frequency band;

[0022] The forty second array elements and twenty-four first array elements are configured to perform detection within the second frequency band range when operating in the second frequency band.

[0023] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the board card includes eight first board cards and eight second board cards; four first array elements are respectively arranged on the first board card and the second board card in the Y-axis direction; the first board cards and the second board cards are alternately distributed in the X-axis direction, and the first array elements on the second board card correspond to the central positions between two adjacent first array elements on the first board card.

[0024] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, two second array elements are arranged in the gap between two of the first array elements on the first board card; the first array element on the second board card adjacent to the second array element on the first board card is denoted as the target array element, and one second array element is arranged in the gap on one side of the target array element on the second board card, and two second array elements are arranged in the gap on the other side.

[0025] According to the second aspect of the present disclosure, there is also provided a phased array communication system, including a control unit and the above-mentioned antenna device; the control unit is configured to selectively control a plurality of first array elements arranged in a first array on the installation surface to perform detection within the first frequency band range; or control a plurality of second array elements and some of the first array elements arranged in a second array on the installation surface to perform detection within the second frequency band range.

[0026] One beneficial effect of the present disclosure is that the phased array antenna device of the present disclosure is configured to arrange a plurality of first array elements and a plurality of second array elements on the same installation surface. And the plurality of first array elements and the plurality of second array elements cooperate with each other, enabling the phased array antenna device to perform detection work within a variety of frequency band ranges. Thus, by using a set of coplanar phased array antenna devices, it is possible to expand the working bandwidth of the phased array antenna device and meet the communication requirements of multi-frequency band working index requirements.

[0027] In addition, compared with the traditional phased array emission system with an independent layout design, the phased array antenna device of the present disclosure can significantly reduce the occupied space size and its own weight. Thus, the phased array antenna device is miniaturized, making it have high integration and low power consumption cost.

[0028] Through the following detailed description of the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure with reference to the accompanying drawings, other features and advantages of the present disclosure will become clear. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] The drawings incorporated in the specification and constituting a part of the specification illustrate embodiments of the present disclosure and, together with the description, are used to explain the principles of the present disclosure.

[0030] Figure 1 is a plan view of a phased array antenna device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0031] Figure 2It is the radiation pattern of the second array element when θ is 30° and d is greater than the preset range provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0032] Figure 3 It is the radiation pattern of the second array element when θ is 30° and d is within the preset range provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0033] Figure 4 It is a partial three-dimensional schematic diagram of the structure of the antenna unit provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0034] Figure 5 It is a partial cross-sectional view of the structure of the antenna unit provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0035] Figure 6 It is the normal beam emission radiation pattern when the radiation frequency is 25 GHz provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0036] Figure 7 It is the normal beam emission radiation pattern when the radiation frequency is 25.8 GHz provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0037] Figure 8 It is the normal beam emission radiation pattern when the radiation frequency is 26.2 GHz provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0038] Figure 9 It is the normal beam emission radiation pattern when the radiation frequency is 26.6 GHz provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0039] Figure 10 It is the first band scanning beam emission radiation pattern when the radiation frequencies are 25 GHz and 27 GHz provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0040] Figure 11 It is the first band scanning beam emission radiation pattern when the radiation frequencies are 27.1 GHz and 30 GHz provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0041] Figure 12 It is the second band scanning beam emission radiation pattern when the radiation frequencies are 25 GHz and 27 GHz provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0042] Figure 13 It is the second band scanning beam emission radiation pattern when the radiation frequencies are 27.1 GHz and 30 GHz provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0043] Figures 1 to 13 The one-to-one correspondence between the names of the components and the reference numerals in the figure is as follows:

[0044] 1. First array element; 2. Second array element; 3. First board; 4. Second board; 5. Radome; 6. Antenna TR module; 7. Heat dissipation and heat storage module; 8. Wave control and power supply module; 9. Frequency conversion and frequency synthesis module. Detailed implementation manners

[0045] Various exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that: unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangements of components and steps, numerical expressions and values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present disclosure.

[0046] The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and in no way serves as a limitation on the present disclosure, its application or use.

[0047] Techniques, methods and devices known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods and devices should be regarded as part of the specification.

[0048] It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following drawings, and thus, once an item is defined in one drawing, it need not be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0049] The following describes the specific implementation manners of the present disclosure with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0050] In this document, "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", etc. are only used to represent the relative positional relationships between relevant parts, rather than defining the absolute positions of these relevant parts.

[0051] In this document, "first", "second", etc. are only used for distinction from each other, rather than indicating importance level, order, and preconditions for mutual existence, etc.

[0052] In this document, "equal", "same", etc. are not strict mathematical and / or geometric limitations, and also include errors that can be understood by those skilled in the art and are allowed in manufacturing or using, etc.

[0053] The present disclosure provides a phased array antenna device, which includes a mounting surface and a plurality of first array elements and a plurality of second array elements disposed on the mounting surface. Among them, the plurality of first array elements are arranged in a first array on the mounting surface, and the first array formed by the plurality of first array elements can operate at least in a first frequency band or a second frequency band, that is, the first array can selectively transmit or receive signals in the first frequency band or the second frequency band. The plurality of second array elements and some of the plurality of first array elements are arranged in a second array on the mounting surface, and the second array is configured to transmit or receive signals in the second frequency band.

[0054] In the phased array antenna device of the present disclosure, a plurality of first array elements arranged in a first array on the mounting surface are configured to radiate or receive signals within a first frequency band, so that the antenna device detects within the first frequency band and realizes the transceiver of signals within the first frequency band.

[0055] A plurality of first array elements and second array elements arranged in a second array on the mounting surface are configured to radiate or receive signals within a second frequency band, so that the antenna device detects within the second frequency band and realizes the transceiver of signals within the second frequency band. By cooperating with each other, some of the first array elements and the second array elements transmit or receive signals in the second frequency band to achieve integrated communication, so that the signals in the second frequency band can meet the gain index within the second frequency band.

[0056] In the actual use process, the phased array antenna device of the present disclosure sets antenna units of different frequency bands on the same mounting surface and controls the antenna units of different frequency bands to perform signal transceiver operations, so as to increase the bandwidth range of the phased array antenna device and meet the usage requirements of different communication bandwidths.

[0057] In addition, the antenna units of different frequency bands adopt a coplanar design of a phased array antenna device to realize the miniaturization and integration of the antenna device, effectively reducing the floor area and weight of the phased array antenna device. After the phased array antenna device of the present disclosure is applied to a communication system, there is no need to switch between multiple antenna devices, and the workload of calibration and testing of the entire signal transceiver link can also be reduced, reducing the debugging cost. Thereby expanding the applicable scenario range of the phased array antenna device, enabling it to be applicable to a variety of different installation environments or installation platforms.

[0058] For better understanding, the following combines the Figures 1 to 13 description drawings of the specification to

[0059] Example 1

[0060] Referring to Figure 1 , the present disclosure provides a phased array antenna device, including a mounting surface, a plurality of first array elements 1 and a plurality of second array elements 2. Among them, the mounting surface is a plane within the same space. The plurality of first array elements 1 are arranged in a first array on the mounting surface and are configured to at least selectively transmit or receive signals in the first frequency band and the second frequency band. The plurality of second array elements 2 and some of the plurality of first array elements 1 are arranged in a second array on the mounting surface and are configured to transmit or receive signals in the second frequency band.

[0061] The antenna device of the present disclosure can selectively operate within a first frequency band or a second frequency band. Specifically, when multiple first array elements 1 arranged in a first array on the mounting surface are configured to operate within the first frequency band range, the antenna device can detect within the first frequency band range. Multiple second array elements 2 and some of the first array elements 1 among the multiple first array elements 1 are arranged in a second array on the mounting surface, and both are configured to operate within the second frequency band range, enabling the antenna device to detect within the second frequency band range.

[0062] In addition, when some of the first array elements 1 and the second array elements 2 operate within the second frequency band, the signals transmitted or received by both can meet the signal gain of the phased array antenna device within the second frequency band after fusion and superposition. Thus, through the coplanar design, while meeting the gain, the operating bandwidth range of the antenna device can be expanded.

[0063] In the actual use process, the antenna units, internal circuits, and control systems in the phased array antenna device are very complex. When using multiple independent antenna devices for transmitting or receiving in different frequency bands, complex switching modules and switching algorithms are required to switch and adjust the data.

[0064] However, for the phased array antenna device with a coplanar design, based on multiple first array elements 1 and multiple second array elements 2 inside the antenna device, by controlling the frequency bands and operating states of the first array elements 1 and the second array elements 2 for transmitting or receiving, the operating frequency band of the phased array antenna device can be controlled. Thus, while increasing the bandwidth, it is possible to avoid switching between multiple antenna devices and performing complex operations, thereby reducing the debugging cost.

[0065] In addition, by adopting the coplanar design, the occupied space and weight of the antenna device can be effectively reduced. While achieving miniaturization and high integration of the antenna device, the power consumption of the antenna device can be effectively reduced, expanding the application range of the phased array antenna device to a certain extent. In the case of the same volume, the phased array antenna device with a coplanar arrangement design has higher gain, so that the gain design of the BUC and LNB can be reduced, thereby reducing the overall power consumption of the antenna device.

[0066] In a specific embodiment of the present disclosure, for example, bandwidth communication is carried out between a high-mobility aircraft and a data link and a low-earth orbit communication satellite. The high-mobility aircraft needs to communicate with the phased array antenna device within a first bandwidth range, while the low-earth orbit communication satellite needs to communicate with the phased array antenna device within a second bandwidth range. At this time, through the phased array antenna system with the coplanar design, by arranging antenna units whose array conforms to the communication bandwidths of the high-mobility aircraft and the low-earth orbit communication satellite, the antenna device can perform transceiver operations within the range of the usage bandwidths that meet both.

[0067] Specifically, in this embodiment, after the first array elements 1 are arranged in an array on the mounting surface, they can detect in the first frequency band, and at this time, the communication between the phased array antenna device and the highly maneuverable aircraft can be satisfied. After the second array elements 2 and some of the first array elements 1 are arranged in an array on the mounting surface, the two transmit or receive signals in the second frequency band, and the communication between the antenna device and the low-earth orbit communication satellite can be realized through the fusion communication.

[0068] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the first array element 1 is a circularly polarized antenna capable of transmitting or receiving signals in the entire frequency band, that is, the first array element 1 can operate in the entire frequency band range. The second array element 2 is a circularly polarized antenna capable of transmitting or receiving signals in the high frequency band. When performing precise communication work, all the first array elements 1 can be made to operate in the first frequency band range through a reasonable layout, so as to detect through the first array elements 1 in the first frequency band range. When it is necessary to operate in the second frequency band range, select some of the first array elements 1 and the second array elements 2 to form a second array to simultaneously transmit or receive electromagnetic waves in the second frequency band, and the electromagnetic waves transmitted by the first array elements 1 are superimposed on the electromagnetic waves transmitted by the second array elements 2, so that the antenna device can detect externally in the second frequency band range.

[0069] In a specific embodiment of the present disclosure, the first frequency band is 25 GHz - 27 GHz, and the second frequency band is 27 GHz - 30 GHz. Among them, the total bandwidth of the first frequency band is 2 GHz, and the total bandwidth of the second frequency band is 2.5 GHz. 25 GHz - 27 GHz is suitable for detecting highly maneuverable aircraft, and 27 GHz - 30 GHz is suitable for detecting communication satellites. Thus, the antenna device of the present disclosure can detect both highly maneuverable aircraft and communication satellites, improving the frequency band range of the antenna device and expanding the application scenarios of the antenna device.

[0070] In the actual application process, the array element is the smallest unit in the phased array antenna array. Generally, the spacing between the array elements is designed according to the operating frequency band of the antenna. That is, different bandwidths have certain requirements for the spacing between the array elements in the phased array antenna device. The traditional array element can only operate in a single frequency band and cannot realize the transceiver of multi-frequency band signals. The first array element of the present disclosure has to operate in the first frequency band, and some of the first array elements have to operate in the second frequency band with the second array elements. Therefore, it is necessary to reasonably set the distance between the array elements so that the array elements can operate in the first frequency band and the second frequency band, and ensure that there are no grating lobes during the scanning requirements when the antenna device operates in the first frequency band and the second frequency band. That is, the straight-line distance between the array elements needs to satisfy the following formula:

[0071]

[0072] Among them, λ in Formula 1 is the wavelength; α is the scanning angle, and d is the straight-line distance between two adjacent array elements. Specifically, the straight-line distance refers to the distance of the array elements in the horizontal and vertical directions.

[0073] The quantity, planning, and design of the full-band array elements and high-frequency band array elements need to comprehensively consider various factors such as space, gain, and grating lobes. When the distance between the first array element 1 and the second array element 2 satisfies Formula 1, it can be realized that within the same installation surface, it can perform transceiver operations within different frequency bands, and ensure the scanning requirement of no grating lobes within a predetermined angle, thereby realizing the expansion of the working bandwidth of the phased array antenna device.

[0074] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, referring to Figure 1 , in the first array, the straight-line distance between two adjacent first array elements 1 is denoted as d1, then d1 needs to satisfy the formula

[0075] In the second array, between two adjacent second array elements 2, and between two adjacent first array elements 1 and second array elements 2, the straight-line distance is denoted as d2, then d2 needs to satisfy the formula

[0076] Among them, λ1 in the formula is the wavelength of the first frequency band; λ2 is the wavelength of the second frequency band, α is the scanning angle, and the straight-line distance refers to the distance of the array elements in the horizontal and vertical directions.

[0077] According to the various parameter indicators of the design requirements and the above formulas, the corresponding values of d1 and d2 can be obtained, and according to the calculated values, the first array elements 1 and the second array elements 2 are arranged in an array on the installation surface, and the composed antenna device can meet the requirement of no grating lobes in the first frequency band and the second frequency band within ±α°, ensuring the transceiver effect of the phased array antenna device.

[0078] The angle of α is any angle between 0° and 90°. In a specific implementation manner of the present disclosure, in order to ensure that the first array element 1 can scan without grating lobes within ±90° in the range of 25 GHz - 27 GHz, the straight-line distance between two adjacent first array elements 1 needs to be less than or equal to 5.6 mm. In order to ensure that the first array element 1 can scan without grating lobes within ±90° in the range of 27 GHz - 30 GHz. In order to ensure that the first array element 1 and the second array element 2 in the second array can scan without grating lobes within ±90° in the range of 27 GHz - 30 GHz, the straight-line distance between any two adjacent array elements is less than or equal to 5.0 mm.

[0079] In the above embodiments, the straight-line distance between two adjacent array elements in the first array needs to be less than or equal to 5.6 mm, which refers to the straight-line distance between two adjacent array elements in the horizontal direction and the straight-line distance in the vertical direction. For example, inFigure 1 In the illustrated embodiment, the horizontal direction is denoted as the X-axis direction, and the direction perpendicular to the X-axis is denoted as the Y-axis direction, thereby establishing a rectangular coordinate system of the X-axis and the Y-axis. The distance between two first array elements 1 arranged in the X-axis direction is less than or equal to 5.6 mm, and the distance between two first array elements 1 arranged in the Y-axis direction is less than or equal to 5.6 mm. When the two first array elements are distributed deviating from the X-axis and Y-axis directions, the straight-line distance between the two first array elements 1 is the straight-line distance when the first array elements are projected onto the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction.

[0080] In the above embodiment, the straight-line distance between two adjacent array elements in the second array needs to be less than or equal to 5.0 mm. In this embodiment, the arrangement positions of the first array element 1 and the second array element 2 in the second array need to be considered. Two adjacent array elements may both be the second array element 2, or one of them may be the first array element 1 and the other may be the second array element 2, as long as the straight-line distance between two adjacent array elements is less than or equal to 5.0 mm. The content referred to by the straight-line distance is the same as that in the first array and will not be specifically described herein.

[0081] In this embodiment, the numerical values at the two endpoints of 0° and 90° are the extreme values of the propagation in the normal direction of the beam. When the beam propagates in the normal direction, the directivity of the main lobe in the beam pattern is the best, and the radiation distance and accuracy are the best.

[0082] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, in the actual application process, the propagation direction of the beam cannot always be maintained in the normal direction. Therefore, according to experiments and the actual use process, it is known that the scanning angle of the scanning beam within ±60° can meet the usage requirements in most cases.

[0083] Specifically, in order to ensure that the first array element 1 can meet the scanning requirement of no grating lobe within ±60° in the range of 25 GHz - 27 GHz, the straight-line distance between two adjacent first array elements 1 is less than or equal to 6.0 mm. In order to ensure that the first array element 1 and the second array element 2 in the second array can meet the scanning requirement of no grating lobe within ±60° in the range of 27 GHz - 30 GHz, in the second array, the straight-line distance between two adjacent array elements is less than or equal to 5.4 mm.

[0084] Figure 3 Schematically shows the pattern at a scanning angle of 30° when the straight-line distance between the above array elements satisfies formula one. From Figure 3 It can be seen that when the scanning direction is 30°, the gain effect of the main lobe is obvious, meeting the gain index, and no grating lobe is generated. At this time, the dB value of the side lobe is also within the preset index and will not affect the gain effect of the main lobe.

[0085] Refer to Figure 2It shows the radiation pattern at a scanning angle of 30° when the linear distance between the above-mentioned array elements does not satisfy Equation 1. From Figure 2 It can be seen that when the scanning direction is 30°, grating lobes appear in the current beam radiation pattern, and the grating lobes will affect the performance of the phased array antenna device.

[0086] Specifically referring to Figure 1 , the present disclosure adopts an antenna scheme with a complex array arrangement. By embedding the full-frequency array elements and the high-frequency array elements in the plane with each other, the unit spacing requirements for grating lobe suppression are met for each frequency band. That is, when the first array element 1 operates in the low-frequency band, that is, the first frequency band, by adjusting the arrangement spacing between the first array elements 1 themselves, the scanning requirements without grating lobes in this frequency band are met.

[0087] For the high-frequency band, that is, when operating in the second frequency band, the antenna device needs to rely on the combination of the first array element 1 and the second array element 2 to reduce the arrangement spacing in the second array, so as to meet the scanning requirements without grating lobes within the second frequency band range. Specifically, by embedding the second array element 2 in the interval area between the first array elements 1, the spacing requirements for the second array element 2 and the first array element 1 to cooperate with each other to achieve no grating lobes are met.

[0088] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, in order to realize the broadband operating performance of the antenna device, an antenna transmitting unit with the performance of a dielectric-loaded SIW structure is selected. After designing to enable the full-frequency operating array elements and the high-frequency array elements to cooperate together, the signal bandwidth of the transceiver can cover the actually required operating frequency band, meeting the requirements of the circularly polarized dielectric-loaded waveguide design for multi-band operating indicators.

[0089] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, referring to Figure 1 , the second array element 2 is distributed in the gaps of some of the first array elements 1. In this way, not only can the occupied space size and weight size of the phased array antenna device be reduced, enabling the antenna device to be miniaturized and highly integrated, but also the spacing between adjacent array elements in the second frequency band is shortened, so that it meets the preset numerical range in Equation 1.

[0090] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, continuing to refer to Figure 1 , the antenna device further includes a plurality of circuit boards, and the first array elements 1 are arranged in sequence along the extension direction of the circuit boards; two adjacent circuit boards are arranged in a staggered manner with the first array elements 1, and the end faces of the plurality of circuit boards form the installation surface.

[0091] During actual use, referring to Figure 1 or Figure 5, by setting the first array element 1 on the board, and then installing the board on the antenna TR module 6, the installation of the first array element 1 is realized. Multiple boards are arranged in sequence, so that the end faces of multiple boards jointly form the above-mentioned installation surface.

[0092] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the extending direction of the board is denoted as the Y-axis direction, and the direction perpendicular to the Y-axis direction is denoted as the X-axis direction. Multiple boards are arranged in sequence in the X-axis direction, and adjacent two boards are arranged in a manner that the first array elements 1 are staggered. The second array elements 2 are then distributed in the intervals between adjacent two first array elements 1, so as to achieve that the spacing between the first arrays meets the numerical range of scan without grating lobes. The staggered arrangement can also be beneficial to dissipating the heat generated by the first array element 1 during operation.

[0093] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the more the number of array elements arranged, the better the gain effect generated. However, correspondingly, in the radio frequency link of the entire antenna device, the number of antenna TR components 6, frequency conversion modules, and beamformers will also increase with the increase in the number of array elements. This leads to an increase in the calibration algorithm of the transceiver link and the workload of control and debugging, and further increases the power consumption and test cost of the antenna device.

[0094] Based on this, the number of array elements cannot be increased infinitely. In some specific embodiments of the present disclosure, referring to Figure 1 , there are sixty-four first array elements 1 and forty second array elements 2. Among them, sixty-four first array elements 1 are configured to work in the first frequency band to detect within the first frequency band range, and forty second array elements 2 and twenty-four first array elements 1 are configured to work in the second frequency band to detect within the second frequency band range.

[0095] In this embodiment, the second array elements 2 working in the second frequency band are located in the middle area of the first array. Considering the heat dissipation relationship and working state between the first array elements 1 and the second array elements 2, the second array is arranged in the gap in the middle area of the first array, which is beneficial to the gain between the signals in the second frequency band, the signal transceiver, and the requirement of scan without grating lobes.

[0096] Specifically referring to Figure 1 , the board includes eight first boards 3 and eight second boards 4. Four first array elements 1 are arranged on the first boards 3 and the second boards 4 in the Y-axis direction respectively. The first boards 3 and the second boards are distributed at intervals in the X-axis direction. Among them, the first array elements 1 on the second board 4 correspond to the central positions between two adjacent first array elements 1 on the first board 3, so that the first array elements 1 on adjacent two boards are staggered from each other.

[0097] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, continue to refer to Figure 1, two second elements 2 are arranged in the gap between two of the first elements 1 on the first board 3. The first element 1 on the second board 4 adjacent to the second element 2 of the first board 3 is denoted as the target element. One second element 2 is arranged in the gap on one side of the target element on the second board 4, and two second elements 2 are arranged in the gap on the other side. Eight first boards 3 and eight second boards 4 are arranged at intervals in the order of Figure 1 , so that forty second elements 2 and twenty-four first elements 1 in the middle region of the antenna device form a second array.

[0098] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, when the antenna device is embedded in the mounting surface in the manner described above, the normal beam of the antenna device is simulated and tested at φ = 0° and 90° respectively. By adjusting the θ value and the frequency band value of the beam, the corresponding normal beam emission pattern is obtained. And by analyzing the normal beam emission pattern, the gain value and the sidelobe dB value are obtained. Among them, θ is the off-axis angle in the spherical coordinate system, that is, the angle between the direction vector and the Z-axis; φ is the rotation angle in the spherical coordinate system, that is, the angle between the projection of the direction vector on the XOY plane and the X-axis.

[0099] The test results refer to Figures 6 to 9 , for the convenience of understanding and analysis, based on the data information in Figures 6 to 9 , Table 1 is sorted out and drawn. Table 1 is a statistical table of the gain indexes of the normal beam pattern.

[0100] Table 1

[0101]

[0102] Based on the above data content, it can be seen that whether it is the signal gain in the first frequency band or the second frequency band, it meets the numerical indexes of the gain and the sidelobe. This proves that the phased array antenna device of the present disclosure can meet the actual multi-frequency usage requirements and will not generate grating lobes during the scanning process, affecting the use of the antenna device.

[0103] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, during the actual use process, the phased array antenna device cannot always maintain the normal direction for signal transmission and reception. The scanning beam during the actual use process is simulated and tested, and the direction pattern of the scanning beam is obtained and analyzed. The test results refer to Figures 10 to 13 .

[0104] Figure 10 In, Figure a is the radiation pattern with a gain of 22 dBi when the scanning beam is at a frequency band of 25 GHz; Figure b is the radiation pattern with a gain of 22.3 dBi when the scanning beam is at 27 GHz. Figure 11In it, Figure a is the radiation pattern with a gain of 22.7 dBi when the frequency band of scanning beam one is 27.1 GHz; Figure b is the radiation pattern with a gain of 22.7 dBi when scanning beam one is 30 GHz. Figure 12 In it, Figure a is the radiation pattern with a gain of 22 dBi when the frequency band of scanning beam two is 25 GHz; Figure b is the radiation pattern with a gain of 22.3 dBi when scanning beam two is 27 GHz. Figure 13 In it, Figure a is the radiation pattern with a gain of 22.7 dBi when the frequency band of scanning beam two is 27.1 GHz; Figure b is the radiation pattern with a gain of 23.1 dBi when scanning beam two is 30 GHz.

[0105] Based on the above data, it can be seen that during actual use, the phased array antenna device of the present disclosure also meets the gain index of the corresponding frequency band and no grating lobes are generated during the scanning process.

[0106] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the communication link system of the phased array antenna device of the present disclosure adopts a modular design concept. Refer to Figure 5 , the link system is divided into an antenna TR module 6, a wave control and power supply module 8, a frequency conversion and frequency synthesis module 9, and a heat dissipation and heat storage module 7. Multiple modules are installed in a vertically stacked manner, and this design method can well consider different three-dimensional space methods and the overall method of the signal communication heat dissipation system.

[0107] In this embodiment, refer to Figures 4 to 5 , the link system is divided into six components: antenna, TR, wave control, power supply, frequency conversion, and frequency synthesis according to functions.

[0108] The antenna TR module 6 mainly includes two functional parts: a transmitting part and a receiving part. The antenna TR module 6 is configured to transmit and receive radio frequency signals between high-speed aircraft and satellites and between high-speed aircraft. Among them, the transmitting part is configured to perform power division and amplification on the transmitting excitation signals between high-speed aircraft and satellites and between high-speed aircraft, complete the attenuation and phase shift configuration of the transmitting channels of the TR multi-functional chips according to the beam control instructions issued by the wave control board, form a beam in the specified direction, and transmit signals to the specified direction through the antenna. The receiving part is configured to complete the attenuation and phase shift configuration of the receiving channels of the multi-functional chips of the antenna TR module 6 according to the beam control instructions issued by the wave control board, receive the transmitted signals in the beam direction through the antenna, and perform low-noise amplification and signal synthesis.

[0109] The wave control and power supply module 8 includes a wave control circuit and a power supply circuit. Specifically, the wave control circuit is configured to mainly complete the calculation, configuration distribution, and transceiver switching functions of the beam control instructions. The power supply circuit is configured to perform secondary conversion and filtering on the primary power supply and supply power to each module.

[0110] The frequency conversion and frequency synthesis module 9 includes a frequency conversion part and a frequency synthesis part. The frequency conversion part is configured to mainly complete the following two functions, the transmitting part and the receiving part. Specifically, the transmitting part is configured to filter, amplify, and up-convert the intermediate frequency signal generated by the backend signal processing module to the radio frequency band, and provide an excitation signal to the antenna TR module 6. The receiving part is configured to perform low-noise amplification, filtering, and down-convert the radio frequency signal output by the antenna TR module 6 to the intermediate frequency band and output it to the backend digital signal processing module. The frequency synthesis part is configured to mainly provide a fast-hopping local oscillator signal for the frequency conversion channel.

[0111] In this embodiment, continue to refer to Figure 5 , in order to protect the antenna device, an antenna cover 5 is further provided outside the antenna TR module 6. The antenna cover 5 is configured to be made of a material that enables radio signals to pass through, and it can separate the internal device from the outside world, avoiding the influence of the external environment on the antenna device and realizing the protection of the antenna device.

[0112] It should be noted that the phased array antenna device of the present disclosure can be applied not only to civil aerospace but also to the military communication field. Without changing the volume of the phased array antenna, through layout design, more antennas of different frequency bands can be integrated, and each frequency band can achieve different functions to meet the future requirements of three-dimensional and diversified military communication.

[0113] Embodiment 2

[0114] An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a phased array communication system, which is characterized in that it includes a control unit and the antenna device in Embodiment 1. The control unit is configured to selectively control multiple first array elements 1 arranged in a first array on the installation surface to detect within the first frequency band range; or control multiple second array elements 2 arranged in a second array on the installation surface and some first array elements 1 to detect within the second frequency band range.

[0115] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, refer to Figure 1 , the antenna device in Embodiment 1 can meet the working frequency bands of array elements with different working frequency bands on the same installation surface, thereby increasing the bandwidth of the antenna device. Thus, it can be realized that a communication system that requires a very wide bandwidth, such as a high-maneuverability aircraft and a low-earth orbit communication satellite, can only use a set of phased array device communication systems for communication work.

[0116] It should be noted that the phased array antenna device and the phased array communication system of the present disclosure can be applied not only to the above-mentioned high-maneuverability aircraft but also to other civil aerospace and military communication equipment, and will not be enumerated one by one here.

[0117] The embodiments of the present disclosure have been described above. The above description is exemplary and not exhaustive, and is also not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations are obvious to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The choice of terms used herein is intended to best explain the principles of the embodiments, practical applications, or improvements to technologies in the market, or to enable other ordinary skill in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein. The scope of the present disclosure is defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A phased array antenna device, characterized in that, Comprising: Mounting surface; A plurality of first array elements (1), the plurality of first array elements (1) being arranged in a first array on the mounting surface; The first array is configured to at least selectively transmit or receive signals in a first frequency band and a second frequency band; A plurality of second array elements (2), the plurality of second array elements (2) being arranged in a second array on the mounting surface with some of the plurality of first array elements (1), the second array being configured to transmit or receive signals in the second frequency band; Wherein, the plurality of first array elements (1) arranged in a first array on the mounting surface are configured to operate in the first frequency band to detect within the first frequency band range; The plurality of first array elements (1) and second array elements (2) arranged in a second array on the mounting surface are configured to operate in the second frequency band to detect within the second frequency band range; The antenna device includes a plurality of boards, the boards including a first board (3) and a second board (4); the first array elements (1) arranged in the Y-axis direction are respectively provided on the first board (3) and the second board (4); the first board (3) and the second board (4) are sequentially and spaced apart in the X-axis direction, and the first array elements (1) on the second board (4) correspond to the central positions between two adjacent first array elements (1) on the first board (3); The second array element (2) is provided in the gap between two of the first array elements (1) on the first board (3); the first array element (1) on the second board (4) adjacent to the second array element (2) on the first board (3) is denoted as the target array element, and the second array elements (2) are respectively provided in the gaps on the opposite sides of the target array element on the second board (4).

2. The phased array antenna device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first array element (1) is a full-band circularly polarized antenna; the second array element (2) is a high-frequency band circularly polarized antenna.

3. The phased array antenna device according to claim 1, wherein, The first frequency band is 25 GHz - 27 GHz, and the second frequency band is 27 GHz - 30 GHz.

4. The phased array antenna device according to claim 3, characterized in that In the first array, the straight-line distance between two adjacent first array elements (1) ; In the second array, the straight-line distance between two adjacent second array elements (2), and between two adjacent first array elements (1) and second array elements (2) ; Wherein, λ1 is the wavelength of the first frequency band; λ2 is the wavelength of the second frequency band, α is the scanning angle, and the straight-line distance refers to the distance between the array elements in the horizontal and vertical directions.

5. The phased array antenna device according to claim 4, characterized in that, When α is 90°, in the first array, the straight-line distance between two adjacent first array elements (1) is less than or equal to 5.6 mm; in the second array, the straight-line distance between two adjacent second array elements (2), and the straight-line distance between two adjacent first array elements (1) and second array elements (2) are less than or equal to 5.0 mm; When α is 60°, the straight-line distance between two adjacent first array elements (1) is less than or equal to 6.0 mm; in the second array, the straight-line distance between two adjacent second array elements (2), and the straight-line distance between two adjacent first array elements (1) and second array elements (2) are less than or equal to 5.4 mm.

6. The phased array antenna device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first array elements (1) are arranged in a straight line in sequence along the extending direction of the board; two adjacent boards are arranged in a staggered manner with the first array elements (1), and the end faces of the plurality of boards constitute the mounting surface.

7. The phased array antenna device according to claim 6, characterized in that, Sixty-four first array elements (1) are provided, and forty second array elements (2) are provided; Sixty-four first array elements (1) are configured to perform detection within the range of the first frequency band when operating in the first frequency band; Forty second array elements (2) and twenty-four first array elements (1) are configured to perform detection within the range of the second frequency band when operating in the second frequency band.

8. The phased array antenna device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The board includes eight of the first boards (3) and eight of the second boards (4); four of the first array elements (1) are arranged on the first board (3) and the second board (4) respectively in the Y-axis direction.

9. The phased array antenna device according to claim 8, wherein, Two second array elements (2) are arranged in the gap between two of the first array elements (1) on the first board (3); one second array element (2) is arranged in the gap on one side of the target array element on the second board (4), and two second array elements (2) are arranged in the gap on the other side.

10. A phased array communication system, characterized in that, Comprising a control unit and a phased array antenna device according to any one of claims 1 to 9; the control unit is configured to selectively control a plurality of first array elements (1) arranged in a first array on the mounting surface to perform detection within the range of the first frequency band; Or control a plurality of second array elements (2) and some of the first array elements (1) arranged in a second array on the mounting surface to perform detection within the range of the second frequency band.

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