Bridge road laying construction device

Abstract

The application discloses a bridge road paving construction device, which comprises a paving frame arranged above a bridge deck, a height layer connected with a guardrail is arranged on the bridge deck, a walking device is connected to the paving frame and located on the guardrail, the walking device controls the paving frame to move along the length direction of the guardrail, a supporting arm extending downward is arranged on the paving frame, a supporting plate located above the height layer is arranged on the supporting arm, a guide arm capable of being turned over is arranged on the supporting plate, and a seat plate is fixed to the tail end of the guide arm; compared with the prior art, the bridge road paving construction device has the beneficial effects that: the guide arm is in an inclined state, the inner end of the guide arm is located above the material storage hopper, so that the concrete flows down along the guide arm from the material storage hopper, in the process of flowing of the concrete material, the seat plate is driven by the rotating disc to move around the center of the rotating disc, at this time, the inner end of the guide arm moves along with the seat plate, so that the falling range of the concrete material is increased, the manual labor is reduced, and the paving efficiency of the bridge deck concrete is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of bridge construction equipment, specifically relating to a device for paving road surfaces on bridges. Background Technology

[0002] In bridge construction, after the T-beams are installed, the bridge deck system needs to be constructed. This involves first installing a steel mesh on the bridge deck, welding the mesh to the pre-embedded steel bars on the T-beams, and then laying asphalt concrete or cement concrete on the mesh to form the bridge deck. However, during concrete laying, the steel mesh is not covered, and even the upper ends of the pre-embedded steel bars on the T-beams are exposed. Concrete transport vehicles cannot drive directly on the mesh. Usually, a base plate is laid on the mesh. After the transport vehicle travels on the base plate to the area to be paved, the base plate is removed, and the concrete is then laid manually. This method is inefficient, so there is an urgent need for a device that can improve the efficiency of concrete paving. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a construction device that can improve the paving efficiency during the bridge deck road paving process.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a bridge road paving construction device, comprising a paving frame installed above a bridge deck, an elevation level connected to a guardrail on the bridge deck, a traveling device connected to the paving frame on the guardrail, the traveling device controlling the paving frame to move along the length of the guardrail, a downwardly extending support arm installed on the paving frame, a support plate installed on the support arm above the elevation level, a rotatable guide arm installed on the support plate, a seat plate fixed to the end of the guide arm, an end arm located on the extension line of the guide arm connected to the seat plate, a connecting plate fixed to the end of the end arm, and a connecting plate connected to the guide arm via an end-connecting assembly. The docking plate and the guide arm are connected by a hinge shaft. The guide arm is provided with a guide groove extending along its length. The outer end of the guide arm is connected to a storage hopper. The guide arm is connected to a seat plate located above the seat plate. A limit socket is provided at the center of the seat plate. A rotating disk is provided between the seat plate and the seat plate. An eccentric shaft that cooperates with the limit socket is provided on the rotating disk. When the rotating disk rotates, it drives the inner end of the guide arm to move in an arc trajectory. The material spreading frame is provided with a support rod, which supports the guide arm. When the guide arm is in a horizontal state, the guide arm is in an inclined state. During the process of the guide arm flipping from a horizontal state to a vertical state, the horizontal height of the storage hopper gradually decreases.

[0005] Furthermore, the end-position docking assembly includes a positioning plate, which is hinged to the docking plate. A positioning shaft is vertically arranged on the positioning plate, and a telescopic arm is connected to the positioning shaft. The telescopic arm can move around the positioning shaft and is connected to the guide arm through a reversing assembly.

[0006] Furthermore, the reversing assembly includes a sleeve body fixed on the telescopic arm, a buffer member inserted into the sleeve body, the buffer member being inserted from the upper end of the sleeve body and rotatable, a slide plate axially connected to the buffer member, a flat sleeve fitted on the slide plate, a support block axially connected to the flat sleeve, and the support block being fixed to the guide arm.

[0007] Furthermore, the support block is provided with an end notch groove, and the flat sleeve is connected in the end notch groove.

[0008] Furthermore, the material rack is equipped with a horizontal slide bar located above the material hopper. The horizontal slide bar is connected to a slidable hanging shaft located on the side of the material hopper. The lower end of the hanging shaft is fixed to a horizontal strip located below the material hopper.

[0009] Furthermore, the material spreading rack is equipped with a material hopper located above the material spreading area. The inner end of the guide arm is located above the material hopper, and the inner end of the guide arm is connected to a plumb line. The lower end of the plumb line abuts against the inner wall of the material hopper, and a scraper that contacts the plumb line is provided on the inner wall of the material hopper.

[0010] Furthermore, the scraper is connected to a rotating ring located at the lower end of the hopper, and the rotating ring is coaxial with the hopper.

[0011] Furthermore, the support arm is equipped with a base plate located below the seat plate, and the base plate is equipped with a slanted pusher device that passes through the support plate. The slanted pusher device controls the guide arm to rotate and move.

[0012] Furthermore, a support wheel is fixed to the lower surface of the base plate, and the support wheel is in contact with the surface of the elevation level.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: When laying concrete on the steel mesh, this device does not contact the steel mesh. Instead, the walking device is connected to the guardrail, and the walking device controls the material laying frame to move along the length of the guardrail. During this process, the guide arm is in a horizontal state. At this time, the guide arm is in an inclined state, and the inner end of the guide arm is above the material hopper, so that the concrete flows down from the storage hopper along the guide arm. During the flow of concrete, the rotating disk drives the seat plate to move around the center of the rotating disk. At this time, the inner end of the guide arm moves accordingly, thereby increasing the range of concrete falling, thus reducing manual labor and improving the laying efficiency of bridge deck concrete. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the support arm and the guide arm of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the base plate and the rotating plate of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating disk structure of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the end-position component and the docking plate of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the first structure of the reversing component of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the sliding plate and the flat sleeve in the first structure of the reversing component of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of another structure of the reversing component of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the guide arm structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 10 This is a top view of the material hopper structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the material hopper and the scraper of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the material hopper and the horizontal slide bar of the present invention;

[0026] Among them, 1-crossbeam, 2-outer diagonal support arm, 3-guardrail, 4-elevation level, 5-inner pressure arm, 6-locking plate, 7-bridge deck, 8-material spreading frame, 9-traveling device, 10-material hopper, 11-horizontal slide bar, 12-hanging shaft, 13-horizontal strip, 14-slide seat, 15-support arm, 16-support plate, 17-guide arm, 18-seat plate, 19-end arm, 20-connecting plate, 21-guide arm, 22-end connecting assembly, 23-support rod, 24-storage hopper, 25-support rod, 26-seat plate, 27-central shaft column, 28-inner shaft support column, 29-support arm frame, 30-limiting socket. 31-Rotating disk, 32-Eccentric shaft, 33-Drive motor, 34-Tightening rod, 35-Threaded hole, 36-Pulley, 37-Base plate, 38-Angled push device, 39-Positioning pressure plate, 40-Positioning shaft, 41-Telescopic arm, 42-Inner sleeve, 43-Positioning cover plate, 44-Directional component, 45-Sleeve body, 46-Outer end insert shaft, 47-Straight connecting plate, 48-Slide plate, 49-Flat sleeve, 50-Support block, 51-End notch groove, 52-Middle support shaft, 53-Cap, 54-Locking ring, 55-Ball bearing, 56-Hanging arm, 57-Plumb rod, 58-Scraper, 59-Rotating ring. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] See Figures 1 to 8As shown, a bridge road paving construction device includes a crossbeam 1 installed below the bridge body. The crossbeam 1 is fixed to the lower surface of a T-beam and extends along the width of the bridge. An outer inclined support arm 2 is fixed to the end of the crossbeam 1, and the end of the outer inclined support arm 2 abuts against a guardrail 3. The guardrail 3 is connected to an elevation level 4 located on the bridge deck 7. An inner pressure arm 5 passes through the outer inclined support arm 2, forming an "X"-shaped cross structure with the outer inclined support arm 2. The lower end of the inner pressure arm 5 is connected to the crossbeam 1 by a threaded structure. A locking disc 6 is screwed onto the outer side of the outer inclined support arm 2. The locking disc 6 is screwed onto the inner pressure arm 5. A material spreading frame 8 is installed above the bridge deck 7. The material spreading frame 8 is connected to a traveling device 9 located on the guardrail 3. The traveling device 9 includes a rail installed on the guardrail 3. The rail is fixed to the upper end of the inner pressure arm 5. A traveling seat fixed to the material spreading frame 8 is fitted on the rail. A traveling wheel controlled by a drive motor can be installed between the traveling seat and the rail. The traveling device controls the material spreading frame to move along the length of the guardrail 3. A material spreading frame 8 is provided with a material spreading... Above the material feeding area is a material hopper 10. A horizontal slide bar 11 is installed on the material spreading frame 8 above the material hopper 10. The horizontal slide bar 11 is connected to a slidable hanging shaft 12, which is located to the side of the material hopper 10. When there are two material hoppers 10, the hanging shaft 12 is positioned between the two hoppers. The lower end of the hanging shaft 12 is fixed to a horizontal strip 13 located below the material hopper 10. The hanging shaft 12 can move vertically to adjust the horizontal height of the horizontal strip 13. For example, the hanging shaft 12 is connected to a sliding seat. 14. The slide block 14 is connected to the horizontal slide rod 11, and the hanging shaft 12 passes through the slide block 14. The slide block 14 is equipped with a locking screw. After the hanging shaft 12 is slid to adjust the horizontal height of the horizontal strip 13, the position of the hanging shaft 12 is locked by the locking screw. At this time, there is a gap between the hanging shaft 12, the horizontal strip 13 and the material hopper 10 in the laying direction, forming a shape with the material hopper 10 in front and the horizontal strip 13 behind. In this way, when the horizontal strip 13 moves, concrete exceeding the preset height can be scraped off.

[0029] The material spreading frame 8 consists of a top crossbeam and two side supports. The lower end of each side support is fixed to a traveling seat on the traveling device, and the upper ends of both side supports are fixed to the top crossbeam. A downward-extending support arm 15 is provided on the material spreading frame, located inside the guardrail 3. The upper end of the support arm 15 is fixed to the side supports on the material spreading frame 8. A support plate 16 located above the elevation level 4 is provided on the support arm 15, and a flip-up guide arm 17 is provided on the support plate 16. The lower end of the guide arm 17 is hinged to the support plate 16. A seat plate 18 is fixed to the end of the guide arm 17. When the guide arm 17 flips and moves, the seat plate 18 moves in an arc trajectory around the hinge point between the guide arm 17 and the support plate 16. The seat plate 18 is connected to an end arm 19 located on the extension line of the guide arm 17. A connecting plate 20 is fixed to the end of the end arm 19. The connecting plate 20 is connected to the guide arm 21 through an end-positioning assembly 22. The end-positioning assembly 22 is connected to the connecting plate 20 and the guide arm. 21 is connected by a hinge shaft. The guide arm 21 is located above the end docking assembly 22. When the guide arm 17 is flipped and moved, it can drive the guide arm 21 to move. The material spreading frame 8 is provided with a support rod 23, which supports the guide arm 21. The support rod 23 is located on the side support frame. When the guide arm 17 is in a horizontal state, the horizontal distance between the inner end of the guide arm 21 and the support arm 15 is greater than the horizontal distance between the docking plate 20 and the support arm 15. When the guide arm 21 is in an inclined state and the inner end of the guide arm 21 is located above the material hopper 10, the guide arm 21 is provided with a guide groove extending along its length direction, and the outer end of the guide arm 21 is connected to the storage hopper 24. During the process of the guide arm 17 flipping from a horizontal state to a vertical state, the guide arm 21 moves until the horizontal height of the inner end is greater than the horizontal height of the storage hopper 24. During this process, the horizontal height of the storage hopper 24 gradually decreases, so as to facilitate the addition of concrete material into the storage hopper 24.

[0030] The storage hopper 24 and the guide arm 21 are connected by a support rod 25. The storage hopper 24 and the support rod 25 are axially connected. When the guide arm 17 is in a horizontal state, the support rod 25 is in a vertical state. There is a gap between the lower end of the storage hopper 24 and the guide groove on the guide arm 17. When the guide arm 17 is in a horizontal state, the bottom cover of the lower end of the storage hopper 24 can be opened to allow the concrete material to fall into the guide groove on the guide arm 21.

[0031] The guide arm 21 is connected to a seat plate 26 located above the seat plate 18. A central shaft column 27 is provided on the seat plate 26, and a rotatable inner shaft support column 28 is inserted into the upper end of the central shaft column 27. A U-shaped support arm 29 is fixed to the upper end of the inner shaft support column 28. The support arm 29 is connected to the guide arm 21 through a side shaft inserted from the side of the guide arm 21. A limit socket 30 is provided at the center of the seat plate 26. A rotating disk 31 is provided between the seat plate 26 and the seat plate 18. An eccentric shaft 32 that cooperates with the limit socket 30 is provided on the rotating disk 31. The rotating disk 31 is connected to a drive motor 33 located below the seat plate 18. The output shaft of the drive motor 33 is fixed to the center of the rotating disk 31. There is a gap between the output shaft of the drive motor 33 and the end of the seat plate 18. When the guide arm 17 is in a horizontal state, the eccentric shaft 32 is located at the limit socket. Within 30, when the guide arm 17 is flipped from a horizontal to a vertical position, the eccentric shaft 32 is first moved out of the limiting socket 30. The lower end of the eccentric shaft 32 is connected to a screw rod 34, which has an external thread. The rotating disk 31 has a threaded hole 35 for engaging the screw rod 34. The diameter of the screw rod 34 is larger than the diameter of the eccentric shaft 32. The lower end of the screw rod 34 also has a fixed adjustment plate, which can control the rotation of the screw rod 34. The lower surface of the rotating disk 31 is fixed with a sliding wheel 36, which rests against the seat plate 18. When the rotating disk 31 rotates, the sliding wheel 36 moves accordingly. When the eccentric shaft 32 is within the limiting socket 30, the rotation of the rotating disk 31 can drive the inner end of the guide arm 21 to move in an arc trajectory, thereby increasing the range of concrete material falling from the inner end of the guide arm 21.

[0032] A base plate 37 is provided on the support arm 15, located below the seat plate 18. The base plate 37 is located below the support plate 16. A slanted pusher 38 is provided on the base plate 37 for the support plate 16 to pass through. The support plate 16 is provided with a long strip-shaped through-hole for the slanted pusher 38 to pass through. The slanted pusher 38 is a telescopic hydraulic cylinder. A slide head is fixed at the upper end of the slanted pusher 38. The slide head is matched with a straight slide rail provided on the guide arm 17. As the slanted pusher 38 extends and retracts, it can control the guide arm 17 to rotate and move. A positioning seat is provided on the base plate 37. The lower end of the drive motor 33 for controlling the rotation of the rotating disk 31 is engaged with the positioning seat. When the slanted pusher 38 controls the guide arm 17 to rotate, the drive motor 33 also moves accordingly. A support wheel is fixed at the lower end of the base plate 37. The support wheel is in contact with the surface of the elevation level 4.

[0033] See Figures 5 to 8As shown, the end-to-end docking assembly 22 includes a positioning pressure plate 39, which is hinged to the docking plate 20. A positioning shaft 40 is vertically arranged on the positioning pressure plate 39, and a telescopic arm 41 is connected to the positioning shaft 40. The telescopic arm 41 can move around the positioning shaft 40. An inner sleeve 42 is fixed to one end of the telescopic arm 41 connected to the positioning shaft 40. The positioning shaft 40 is inserted through the lower end of the inner sleeve 42, and the free end of the positioning shaft 40 is exposed after passing through the inner sleeve 42. A positioning cover plate 43 is connected to the positioning shaft 40. The telescopic arm 41, which mates with the end of the inner sleeve 42, is connected to the guide arm 21 via a reversing assembly 44. When the guide arm 17 flips, the guide arm 21 moves accordingly, causing a change in the angle between the positioning plate 39 and the docking plate 20. When the rotating disk 31 causes the guide arm 21 to sway, the length of the telescopic arm 41 changes accordingly, and the telescopic arm 41 moves around the positioning axis 40. The reversing assembly 44 includes a sleeve body 45 fixed to the telescopic arm 41. The sleeve body 45 is located at the end of the telescopic arm 41. At the end of the retractable arm 41 furthest from the positioning shaft 40, a buffer element is inserted into the sleeve body 45. The buffer element includes an outer end insert shaft 46 and a straight connecting plate 47. The upper end of the outer end insert shaft 46 is fixed to the straight connecting plate 47. The outer end insert shaft 46 on the buffer element is inserted into the upper end of the sleeve body 45 and can rotate. The straight connecting plate 47 on the buffer element is axially connected to a sliding plate 48. The lower end of the outer end insert shaft 46 protrudes from the lower end of the sleeve body 45. A flat sleeve 49 is fitted on the sliding plate 48. A support block 50 is axially connected to the flat sleeve 49. 0 is fixed to the guide arm 21. The support block 50 is provided with an end notch groove 51. The flat sleeve 49 is axially connected in the end notch groove 51. During the shaking of the guide arm 21, the angle between the guide arm 21 and the guide arm 17 will change. Therefore, through the structural setting of the above-mentioned direction changing component 44, the guide arm 21 can move smoothly. In addition, the length of the above-mentioned sleeve body 45 is greater than the length of the inner sleeve 42, and the telescopic arm 41 is provided with a rotatable rolling ring. The rolling ring contacts the positioning pressure plate 39.

[0034] There are other structural configurations for the reversing assembly. For example, the structure of the buffer component is eliminated, and the slide plate and flat sleeve are not used. Instead, a central support shaft 52 is inserted into the upper end of the sleeve body 45. The upper end of the central support shaft 52 is connected to a rotatable cap 53. The cap 53 can slide along the length of the central support shaft 52. An ear plate located in the end notch groove 51 is fixed on the cap 53. The ear plate is then axially connected to the support block 50. The central support shaft 52 is connected to a locking ring 54 located below the sleeve body 45. Rollable balls 55 are provided on the lower end face of the central support shaft 52.

[0035] See Figure 1 and Figures 9 to 12As shown, a material hopper 10 is installed on the material spreading frame 8 above the material spreading area. The inner end of the guide arm 21 is located above the material hopper 10. The material hopper 10 is connected to the horizontal slide bar 11 via a lifting arm 56. A vertical rod 57 is connected to the inner end of the guide arm 21. The lower end of the vertical rod 57 abuts against the inner wall of the material hopper 10. The vertical rod 57 is a telescopic structure with a built-in compression return spring, so that the lower end of the vertical rod 57 can always abut against the inner arm of the material hopper 10. The inner wall of the material hopper 10 is provided with... A scraper 58 is provided that contacts the plumb rod 57. The scraper 58 is connected to a rotating ring 59 located at the lower end of the material hopper 10. The rotating ring 59 is coaxially arranged with the material hopper 10. When the plumb rod 57 moves with the inner end of the guide arm 21, the scraper 58 can be moved to scrape away the concrete material in the material hopper 10. The material hopper 10 can limit the area of ​​concrete material flowing down from the guide arm 21, preventing concrete from flowing onto the elevation 4.

[0036] In addition, the "inner end" described in the application refers to the end closer to the center of the bridge deck, while the "outer end" refers to the end farther from the center of the bridge deck.

[0037] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention, and no reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0038] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A bridge and road paving construction device, comprising a paving rack installed above the bridge deck, wherein the bridge deck is provided with an elevation level connected to the guardrail, characterized in that: The material spreading rack is connected to a traveling device located on the guardrail. The traveling device controls the material spreading rack to move along the length of the guardrail. The material spreading rack has a downward-extending support arm, and a support plate located above the elevation level is mounted on the support arm. A flip-up guide arm is mounted on the support plate, and a seat plate is fixed to the end of the guide arm. The seat plate is connected to an end arm located on the extension line of the guide arm, and a connecting plate is fixed to the end of the end arm. The connecting plate is connected to a guide arm via an end-connecting assembly. The end-connecting assembly is connected to the connecting plate and the guide arm via a hinge shaft. The guide arm is provided with a [feature / feature] along its length. The extended guide trough has a storage hopper connected to the outer end of the guide arm. The guide arm is connected to a seat plate located above the seat plate. A limit socket is provided at the center of the seat plate. A rotating disk is provided between the seat plate and the seat plate. An eccentric shaft that mates with the limit socket is provided on the rotating disk. When the rotating disk rotates, it drives the inner end of the guide arm to move in an arc trajectory. A support rod is provided on the material spreading frame. The support rod supports the guide arm. When the guide arm is in a horizontal state, the guide arm is in an inclined state. During the process of the guide arm flipping from a horizontal state to a vertical state, the horizontal height of the storage hopper gradually decreases.

2. The bridge and road paving construction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end-to-end docking assembly includes a positioning plate, which is hinged to the docking plate. A positioning shaft is vertically arranged on the positioning plate, and a telescopic arm is connected to the positioning shaft. The telescopic arm can move around the positioning shaft and is connected to the guide arm through a reversing assembly.

3. The bridge and road paving construction device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The reversing assembly includes a sleeve body fixed on the telescopic arm, a buffer member inserted into the sleeve body, the buffer member being inserted from the upper end of the sleeve body and rotatable, a slide plate axially connected to the buffer member, a flat sleeve fitted on the slide plate, a support block axially connected to the flat sleeve, and the support block being fixed to the guide arm.

4. A bridge and road paving construction device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The support block is provided with an end notch groove, and the flat sleeve is connected in the end notch groove.

5. A bridge and road paving construction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material spreading rack is equipped with a horizontal sliding rod located above the material hopper. The horizontal sliding rod is connected to a slidable hanging shaft, which is located on the side of the material hopper. The lower end of the hanging shaft is fixed to a horizontal strip located below the material hopper.

6. A bridge and road paving construction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material spreading rack is equipped with a material hopper located above the material spreading area. The inner end of the guide arm is located above the material hopper, and the inner end of the guide arm is connected to a plumb line. The lower end of the plumb line abuts against the inner side wall of the material hopper, and a scraper that contacts the plumb line is provided on the inner side wall of the material hopper.

7. A bridge and road paving construction device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The scraper is connected to a rotating ring located at the lower end of the hopper, and the rotating ring is coaxial with the hopper.

8. A bridge and road paving construction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support arm is provided with a base plate located below the seat plate, and the base plate is provided with a slanted pusher device that passes through the support plate. The slanted pusher device controls the guide arm to rotate and move.

9. A bridge and road paving construction device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The base plate is provided with a positioning seat, and the lower surface of the base plate is fixed with a support wheel, which is in contact with the surface of the elevation level.

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