Negative pressure exhaust device and negative pressure protective head cover

Abstract

The application provides a negative pressure exhaust device and a negative pressure protective head cover containing the same, and relates to the field of medical protective equipment.The negative pressure protective head cover comprises a body, an air inlet device, a filter device and an air outlet component.The body has a first opening and a second opening.The filter device has a third opening at one end.The end of the filter device with the third opening is in sealed contact with the air inlet device and is fixedly connected with the air inlet device.The other end of the filter device is arranged in the body and is directed away from the air inlet device to form a protrusion.The end of the body with the first opening is detachably fixedly connected with the air inlet device.The other end of the body is fixedly connected with the air outlet component.The air outlet component can make the gas pass through the air inlet device, the third opening and the protrusion in sequence and be discharged from the second opening.The air outlet capacity of the air outlet component is less than the air inlet capacity of the air outlet component.The filter area is increased, the risk of pathogen transmission during use is reduced, and the protection capability is improved.The equipment use efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical protective equipment technology, and in particular to a negative pressure exhaust device and a negative pressure protective headgear. Background Technology

[0002] The principle of a negative pressure exhaust system is to treat polluted air in a specific space through a filtration device before expelling it, creating a negative pressure environment within that space to prevent untreated polluted air from being discharged, thus achieving an isolation effect. Negative pressure exhaust systems can be applied to negative pressure protective hoods, which are devices that maintain a stable negative pressure environment within the hood.

[0003] The filter layer of existing negative pressure exhaust devices is directly installed inside the device. The structure on the side opposite the pathogen-laden surface of the filter layer is not easy to disassemble, making disinfection difficult. When removed, the pathogens on the outer surface of the filter layer are directly exposed to the air, posing a risk of transmission. Furthermore, existing negative pressure exhaust devices mostly use sheet-like filter elements, which have a small filtration area and poor filtration effect. For example, in a negative pressure isolation ward exhaust device provided by Chinese patent CN113390147A, the filter component is fixedly connected to a protrusion on the inner wall of the box, and the filter component is located between the air inlet valve and the air outlet valve. The gas in the ward enters the box through the air inlet valve, is filtered by the filter component, and is discharged through the air outlet valve. During the filtration process, the inner wall of the box between the air inlet valve and the filter component is covered with germs. After use, not only the filter component needs to be disinfected, but also the inner wall of the box needs to be disinfected, which is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and inconvenient for disinfection. The filter component is composed of a primary filter layer, an activated carbon filter layer, an ESP composite filter layer, and a HEPA high-efficiency filter layer. The whole is sheet-like, the filtration area is limited, and the filtration effect is poor. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a negative pressure exhaust device and a negative pressure protective hood to solve the problems existing in the prior art, increase the filtration area, improve the filtration effect, reduce the risk of pathogen transmission during use, improve the protective capability, and improve the efficiency of equipment use.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution:

[0006] The negative pressure exhaust device provided by the present invention includes a main body, an air intake device, a filter device, and an exhaust component. The main body has a first opening and a second opening. One end of the filter device has a third opening. The end of the filter device with the third opening is in sealed contact with and fixedly connected to the air intake device. The other end of the filter device is located inside the main body and points away from the air intake device, forming a protrusion. The end of the main body with the first opening is detachably fixedly connected to the air intake device. The other end of the main body is fixedly connected to the exhaust component. The exhaust component allows gas to pass sequentially through the air intake device, the third opening, and the protrusion and be discharged through the second opening. The exhaust component allows the pressure at the air inlet of the exhaust component to be less than the pressure at the air outlet of the exhaust component.

[0007] Preferably, the air intake device includes a ventilation pipe and a connector, one end of the connector is in sealed contact with the ventilation pipe and is detachably fixedly connected, the connector is connected to the ventilation pipe, the other end of the connector is connected to the main body of the machine, and the connector is in sealed contact with the filter device and is fixedly connected.

[0008] Preferably, it also includes a screw cap, which is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the connector. The screw cap is detachably fixedly connected to the body, and the screw cap and the body can clamp the connector and fix the connector to the body.

[0009] Preferably, the third opening is disposed opposite to the air inlet of the exhaust component, the air inlet and the air outlet of the exhaust component are disposed opposite to each other, and the air outlet of the exhaust component is disposed opposite to the second opening.

[0010] Preferably, the main body of the machine is provided with a belt hole, which is used to detachably and securely connect to the belt.

[0011] Preferably, it also includes a differential pressure detection device, an airflow detection device, an airflow adjustment device, a control device, a display device, a power supply device, a charging port, and a heat dissipation device. The differential pressure detection device is fixedly connected to the main body of the unit. The differential pressure detection device is communicatively connected to the control device or the display device. The differential pressure detection device is capable of detecting the pressure difference between the third opening and the ambient atmospheric pressure.

[0012] The air volume detection device is fixedly connected to the main body of the unit. The air volume detection device is communicatively connected to the control device or the display device. The air volume detection device can detect the exhaust volume of the exhaust component.

[0013] The air volume adjustment switch is fixedly connected to the main body of the unit, and the air volume adjustment switch is communicatively connected to the control device.

[0014] The control device is fixedly connected to the main body of the machine. The control device can adjust the exhaust volume of the exhaust component according to the gear signal of the air volume adjustment switch.

[0015] The display device is fixedly connected to the main body of the machine. The display device can communicate with the control device and can display the differential pressure detected by the differential pressure detection device and the air volume detected by the air volume detection device.

[0016] The charging port is fixedly connected to the main body of the device, the charging port is connected to the power supply device, and the charging port can charge the power supply device through an external power source.

[0017] The power supply device is fixedly connected to the main body of the machine. The power supply device is connected to the differential pressure detection device, the air volume detection device, the air volume adjustment device, the control device, the display device and the heat dissipation device. The power supply device can provide power to the differential pressure detection device, the air volume detection device, the air volume adjustment device, the control device, the display device and the heat dissipation device.

[0018] The heat dissipation device is fixedly connected to the main body of the machine body. The heat dissipation device is located on one side of the power supply device. The main body of the machine body is provided with a heat dissipation vent at one end near the heat dissipation device. The heat dissipation device can at least dissipate the heat generated by the power supply device through the heat dissipation vent.

[0019] The filtration device is a filter element, the exhaust component is a negative pressure fan, the differential pressure detection device is a differential pressure sensor, the air volume detection device is an air volume sensor, the display device is a display screen, the power supply device is a battery, and the heat dissipation device is a cooling fan.

[0020] The negative pressure protective hood provided by the present invention includes a hood body and the aforementioned negative pressure exhaust device. The air outlet of the hood body is connected to the air inlet of the air inlet device. The exhaust device enables the gas inside the hood body to pass through the air inlet device, the third opening and the protrusion in sequence and then be discharged through the second opening. The exhaust device enables the air pressure inside the hood body to be lower than the air pressure of the external environment.

[0021] Preferably, the head cover body includes a head cover body, the head cover body includes a cover and a support frame, the support frame is fixedly connected to the cover, the support frame can provide support for the cover and make the cover form a breathing cavity that can accommodate the head, and the breathing cavity has a head inlet that allows the head to enter.

[0022] Preferably, the hood body further includes a one-way air intake valve and / or a filter component. The hood has an air intake port. The one-way air intake valve and the filter component are both fixedly connected to the air intake port. The one-way air intake valve allows external gas to enter the breathing chamber and prevents gas in the breathing chamber from being discharged through the air intake port. The filter component filters the external gas entering the breathing chamber and / or the gas discharged from the breathing chamber through the air intake port.

[0023] Preferably, it also includes a flexible neck warmer and a protective collar. The flexible neck warmer is fixedly connected to the head inlet of the head cover body. The protective collar is fixedly connected to the head cover body and / or the flexible neck warmer and extends away from the head cover body. The flexible neck warmer has an inflation chamber and an inflation port. Air can be inflated into the inflation chamber through the inflation port to make the flexible neck warmer ring-shaped. The flexible neck warmer can be worn over the neck.

[0024] The present invention achieves the following technical effects compared to the prior art:

[0025] The negative pressure exhaust device and negative pressure protective headgear provided by this invention have a third opening at one end of the filter device, and the other end of the filter device points towards the second opening and forms a protrusion. Compared with a sheet-like filter structure of the same cross-sectional area, this increases the filtration area and improves the protective effect. Gas passes through the air inlet device, the third opening, and the protrusion in sequence and is discharged through the second opening. Pathogen particles are blocked on the inner wall of the filter device, reducing the risk of pathogen transmission. Since the gas exiting the filter device meets the emission requirements, it will not cause pollution to the inner wall of the machine body or the entire negative pressure exhaust device. There is no need to perform overall fumigation and disinfection of the device. It can be reused after disinfecting the surface of the machine body only after replacing the filter device, which improves the efficiency of equipment use. The filter device is fixedly connected to the air inlet device, and the end of the machine body with the first opening is detachably fixedly connected to the air inlet device. This allows the filter device and the air inlet device to be removed as a whole for disinfection, avoiding the spread of pathogens caused by directly removing the filter device, further reducing the risk of pathogen transmission and improving the protective capability. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0027] Figure 1These are schematic diagrams of the negative pressure exhaust devices in Examples 1 and 2;

[0028] Figure 2 These are cross-sectional views of the negative pressure exhaust devices in Examples 1 and 2;

[0029] Figure 3 These are cross-sectional views of the fuselage body in Embodiments 1 and 2;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a top view of the negative pressure exhaust device in Examples 1 and 2;

[0031] Figure 5 The negative pressure exhaust device in Examples 1 and 2 is shown from below.

[0032] Figure 6 These are schematic diagrams of the connectors in Examples 1 and 2;

[0033] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the negative pressure exhaust device in Example 3 (with the belt hole at the front);

[0034] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the negative pressure exhaust device in Example 3 (with the air intake device at the front);

[0035] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view of the negative pressure exhaust device in Example 3;

[0036] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the negative pressure exhaust device in Example 3 (without joints);

[0037] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the negative pressure protective hood (square hood body) in Example 4;

[0038] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the negative pressure protective hood in Example 4 (square-round hood body);

[0039] In the diagram: 100, Negative pressure exhaust device; 200, Negative pressure protective hood; 1, Main body; 101, First opening; 102, Second opening; 103, Waist belt hole; 104, Heat dissipation vent; 2, Filter device; 201, Third opening; 202, Protrusion; 3, Air intake device; 301, Ventilation pipe; 302, Connector; 303, Fixed shaft; 304, L-shaped groove; 305, Front cover; 306, Connector; 4, Exhaust section. 1401. Component; 5. Screw cap; 6. Air volume regulating device; 7. Control device; 8. Display device; 9. Power switch; 10. Power supply device; 11. Charging port; 12. Heat dissipation device; 13. Headgear body; 14. Headgear main body; 1401. Headgear body; 1402. Support frame; 1403. Breathing chamber; 1404. One-way air intake valve; 1405. Filter component; 15. Flexible neck collar; 16. Protective collar; 1601. Inflation port. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] The purpose of this invention is to provide a negative pressure exhaust device to solve the problems existing in the prior art. It has a simple structure, increases the filtration area, improves the filtration effect, reduces the risk of pathogen transmission during use, improves the protective capability, and improves the efficiency of equipment use.

[0042] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0043] Example 1

[0044] like Figure 1-6As shown, this embodiment provides a negative pressure exhaust device 100, including a main body 1, an air intake device 3, a filter device 2, and an exhaust component 4. The main body 1 has a first opening 101 and a second opening 102. One end of the filter device 2 has a third opening 201, which is sealed and fixedly connected to the air intake device 3. The other end of the filter device 2 is located inside the main body 1, and the other end of the filter device 2 points away from the air intake device 3 and forms a protrusion 202. The end of the main body 1 with the first opening 101 is detachably fixedly connected to the air intake device 3, and the other end of the main body 1 is fixedly connected to the exhaust component 4. Preferably, the main body 1 is provided with a first cavity. The opening of the first cavity near the air intake device 3 is the first opening 101, and the opening of the first cavity away from the air intake device 3 is the second opening 102. The lower end of the main body 1 is provided with a bottom cover with multiple small holes. The exhaust component 4 is disposed between the bottom cover and the second opening 102. The exhaust component 4 enables the gas to pass through the air intake device 3, the third opening 201 and the protrusion 202 in sequence and be discharged through the second opening 102. Furthermore, the gas is discharged through the small holes on the bottom cover. The exhaust component 4 enables the pressure at the air inlet of the exhaust component 4 to be less than the pressure at the air outlet of the exhaust component 4, that is, to achieve negative pressure exhaust. One end of the filter device 2 has a third opening 201, and the other end of the filter device 2 points towards the second opening 102 and forms a protrusion 202. Compared with a sheet-like filter structure with the same cross-sectional area, this increases the filtration area and improves the filtration effect. After passing through the air intake device 3, the third opening 201, and the protrusion 202 in sequence, the gas is discharged through the second opening 102. Pathogen particles are blocked on the inner wall of the filter device 2, reducing the risk of pathogen transmission. Since the gas exiting after passing through the filter device 2 meets the emission requirements, it will not cause pollution to the inner wall of the main body 1 or the entire negative pressure exhaust device 100. There is no need to perform overall fumigation and disinfection of the device. It can be reused after disinfecting the surface of the main body 1 only after replacing the filter device 2, which improves the efficiency of equipment use. The filter device 2 and the air intake device 3 can be detachably fixedly connected, so that the filter device 2 and the air intake device 3 can be removed as a whole for disinfection. This avoids the spread of pathogens caused by directly removing the filter device 2, further reducing the risk of pathogen transmission and improving the level of protection. In a preferred embodiment, the air intake device 3 protrudes at least partially from the main body 1 to facilitate disassembly. However, the air intake device 3 is not limited to protruding from the main body 1. It can be flush with or recessed from the outer surface of the main body 1, as long as it has a structure that allows for hand or tool operation and sufficient operating space around the structure, enabling removal of the air intake device 3 without disassembling the main body 1. It should be noted that the cross-section of the filter device 2 can be designed according to requirements, such as being circular or square, with an overall cup shape.The filter device 2 is preferably pleated to increase the filtration area.

[0045] The air intake device 3 includes a ventilation pipe 301 and a connector 302. One end of the connector 302 is in sealed contact with the ventilation pipe 301 and is detachably fixedly connected. The other end of the connector 302 is connected to the main body 1. The connector 302 is in sealed contact with the filter device 2 and is fixedly connected, preferably by adhesive. Both the connector 302 and the filter device 2 are consumables. After use, the connector 302 and the filter device 2 are removed together and disinfected; at the same time, a new connector 302 and filter device 2 are installed on the main body 1. There is no need to remove the used filter device 2 from the connector 302, reducing the risk of pathogen transmission. It should be noted that the filter device 2 can completely cover the air inlet of the connector 302. The air inlet of the exhaust component 4 faces the filter device 2, and the air outlet of the exhaust component 4 is connected to the second opening 102. During exhaust, the gas in the ventilation pipe 301 completely enters the filter device 2 through the connector 302. After being filtered by the filter device 2, the gas is discharged through the second opening 102 via the exhaust component 4.

[0046] The main body 1 is provided with a belt hole 103 for detachably and securely connecting to a belt. This improves the portability of the negative pressure exhaust device 100. Preferably, one belt hole 103 is provided at each end of the main body 1 along its length.

[0047] The negative pressure exhaust device 100 provided in this embodiment also includes a differential pressure detection device, which is fixedly connected to the main body 1. The differential pressure detection device is communicatively connected to the control device 7 or the display device 8. The differential pressure detection device is used to detect the pressure difference between the third opening 201 and the ambient atmospheric pressure. The differential pressure detection device includes two probes and a processing module. Each probe is communicatively connected to the processing module. One probe is fixedly connected to the outside of the main body to detect the ambient atmospheric pressure, and the other probe is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the main body near the third opening 201 to detect the atmospheric pressure at the third opening 201. The processing module receives the atmospheric pressure data detected by the two probes and performs calculations to obtain the pressure difference between the third opening 201 and the ambient atmospheric pressure. The processing module is preferably integrated on the circuit board of the control module. The differential pressure detection device and its installation method are existing technologies and will not be described in detail here.

[0048] The negative pressure exhaust device 100 provided in this embodiment also includes an airflow detection device, which is fixedly connected to the main body 1. The airflow detection device is communicatively connected to the control device 7 or the display device 8, and is used to detect the exhaust volume of the exhaust component 4. Specifically, the airflow detection device is fixedly connected to the air outlet of the exhaust duct where the exhaust component 4 is located, and is used to detect the airflow at the air outlet of the exhaust duct. All airflow detection devices are existing technologies; for example, the airflow detection device in patent CN201710059348.1 can be used, and will not be elaborated here.

[0049] The negative pressure exhaust device 100 provided in this embodiment also includes an airflow adjustment switch and a control device 7. Both the airflow adjustment switch and the control device 7 are fixedly connected to the main body 1. The airflow adjustment switch is communicatively connected to the control device 7, and the control device 7 can adjust the exhaust volume of the exhaust component 4 according to the setting signal of the airflow adjustment switch. Preferably, the airflow adjustment switch is located on a panel above the main body 1. The exhaust volume can be adjusted according to different application environments, saving energy while ensuring normal operation and extending the service life of the negative pressure exhaust device 100.

[0050] The negative pressure exhaust device 100 provided in this embodiment also includes a display device 8, which is fixedly connected to the main body 1. The display device 8 can communicate with the control device 7 and can display the differential pressure detected by the differential pressure detection device and the air volume detected by the air volume detection device. This enables real-time monitoring, ensuring the normal operation of the equipment and allowing users to adjust the exhaust volume of the exhaust component 4 according to the differential pressure value and exhaust volume value. Preferably, the display device 8 is fixedly connected to the panel on the top of the main body 1. It should be noted that the display device 8 can directly receive the detection signals from the air volume detection device and the differential pressure detection device, or the air volume detection device and the differential pressure detection device can first send the detection signals to the control device 7, and then the control device 7 can send the detection signals to the display device 8.

[0051] The negative pressure exhaust device 100 provided in this embodiment also includes a charging port 11, which is fixedly connected to the main body 1 and connected to the power supply device 10. The charging port 11 can charge the power supply device 10 through an external power source. When the power supply device 10 has insufficient power, it can be charged through an external power source. Preferably, the charging port 11 is located on the side wall of the main body 1, and the charging port 11 is preferably a type-C interface, which can be charged using a mobile phone charger, thus having strong versatility.

[0052] The negative pressure exhaust device 100 provided in this embodiment also includes a power supply device 10, which is fixedly connected to the main body 1. The power supply device 10 is electrically connected to the differential pressure detection device, the air volume detection device, the air volume adjustment device, the control device 7, the display device 8, and the heat dissipation device 12. The power supply device 10 can supply power to the differential pressure detection device, the air volume detection device, the air volume adjustment device, the control device 7, the display device 8, and the heat dissipation device 12.

[0053] The negative pressure exhaust device 100 provided in this embodiment also includes a heat dissipation device 12, which is fixedly connected to the main body 1. The heat dissipation device 12 is disposed on one side of the power supply device 10, and a heat dissipation vent 104 is provided at one end of the main body 1 near the heat dissipation device 12. The heat dissipation device 12 can at least dissipate the heat generated by the power supply device 10 through the heat dissipation vent 104. Preferably, the heat dissipation device 12 is disposed near the power supply device 10 and the control device 7 to improve the heat dissipation effect. Preferably, the heat dissipation vent 104 is disposed on the bottom cover, and the small hole on the bottom cover is the heat dissipation vent 104. The heat dissipation vent 104 and the second opening 102 are the same opening.

[0054] In a preferred embodiment, the filtration device 2 is a filter element, the exhaust component 4 is a negative pressure fan, the differential pressure detection device is a differential pressure sensor, the air volume detection device is an air volume sensor, the display device 8 is a display screen, the power supply device 10 is a battery, preferably a lithium battery, and the heat dissipation device 12 is a cooling fan.

[0055] The negative pressure exhaust device 100 provided in this embodiment also includes a power switch 9. Preferably, the power switch 9 is fixedly connected to the panel above the main body 1. The power switch 9 can turn the negative pressure exhaust device 100 on or off.

[0056] The negative pressure exhaust device 100 provided in this embodiment can also be equipped with related sensors such as heart rate sensor, blood pressure sensor, blood oxygen sensor, respiration sensor, and body temperature sensor to detect the wearer's health signs and display the relevant information (such as heart rate, blood pressure, blood oxygen, respiration, CO2 concentration, etc.) on the display screen through the controller.

[0057] The negative pressure exhaust device 100 provided in this embodiment can also be equipped with a wind speed sensor to detect the wind speed of the exhaust component 4, and the wind speed information is displayed on the display screen through the controller.

[0058] The negative pressure exhaust device 100 provided in this embodiment is also equipped with function keys, which are used to select the information displayed on the screen, enabling the screen to display more information. This enhances the intelligence level of the device.

[0059] Example 2

[0060] like Figure 1-6As shown, this embodiment provides a negative pressure exhaust device 100, which differs from the negative pressure exhaust device 100 in Embodiment 1 in that:

[0061] The negative pressure exhaust device 100 in this embodiment also includes a screw cap 5, which is sleeved on the outside of the connector 302. The screw cap 5 is detachably and fixedly connected to the body 1, preferably by a threaded connection. The screw cap 5 and the body 1 can clamp the connector 302 and fix the connector 302 to the body 1. Preferably, the ventilation duct 301 has two positioning holes on its side wall, and these two positioning holes are symmetrically arranged about the axis of the ventilation duct 301; a fixed shaft 303 passes through the two positioning holes in sequence, and both ends of the fixed shaft 303 protrude from the outer wall of the ventilation duct 301; the connector 302 has two L-shaped grooves 304 on its side wall, each L-shaped groove 304 including a first strip groove and a second strip groove, each first strip groove being parallel to the axis of the ventilation duct 301, each second strip groove being perpendicular to the axis of the ventilation duct 301, each first strip groove extending away from each second strip groove to the end of the connector 302 away from the filter device 2 to form an inlet, each second strip groove having a limiting groove at the end away from each first strip groove, and each of the two second strip grooves of the two L-shaped grooves 304 extending clockwise or counterclockwise from their respective corresponding first strip grooves. During operation, align the two ends of the fixed shaft 303 passing through the two positioning holes of the ventilation pipe 301 with the inlets of the two first strip grooves respectively. Move the ventilation pipe 301 along the length of the first strip groove so that the two ends of the fixed shaft 303 reach the inlets of the two second strip grooves. Twist the ventilation pipe 301 along the extension direction of the second strip grooves, so that the two ends of the fixed shaft 303 enter the two limiting grooves respectively. Finally, twist the cap 5, and clamp the connector 302 with the body 1 through the cap 5 and the body 1 to fix the connector 302 to the body 1.

[0062] The third opening 201 is positioned opposite to the air inlet of the exhaust component 4, the air inlet and outlet of the exhaust component 4 are positioned opposite to each other, and the air outlet of the exhaust component 4 is positioned opposite to the second opening 102. This forms a straight air duct, which has lower frictional resistance and a larger air volume under the same power conditions compared to a curved air duct. Preferably, the exhaust component 4 is a negative pressure fan, and more preferably, the negative pressure fan is a unidirectional vortex fan. Since the air inlet and outlet of the vortex fan are positioned opposite each other, it is beneficial to save electricity and reduce noise.

[0063] The power supply unit 10 is fixedly connected to the interior of the main body 1.

[0064] The remaining structures in this embodiment are the same as those in Embodiment 1.

[0065] Example 3

[0066] like Figure 7-10As shown, this embodiment provides a negative pressure exhaust device 100, which differs from the negative pressure exhaust device 100 in Embodiment 1 in that:

[0067] The connector 302 includes a front cover 305 and a connector 306. One side of the front cover 305 is integrally formed with the connector 306, and the other side of the front cover 305 is detachably fixedly connected to the main body 1. A receiving cavity is formed between the front cover 305 and the main body 1. A filter device 2 is fixedly connected to the surface of the front cover 305 near the main body 1. Preferably, the front cover 305 and the main body 1 form an integral part of the main body. As a preferred embodiment, the front cover 305 is a portion of the width of the main body, and the surface size of the front cover 305 in this direction is larger, so that the filter device 2 fixedly connected to the front cover 305 can have a larger entry area and a better filtration effect. It should be noted that the filter device 2 can completely cover the air outlet of the connector 306. When exhausting, the gas in the ventilation pipe 301 completely enters the filter device 2 through the connector 306. After being filtered by the filter device 2, the gas enters the air inlet of the exhaust component 4 through the first opening 101. The air outlet of the exhaust component 4 is connected to the second opening 102, and the gas entering the exhaust component 4 is discharged through the second opening 102.

[0068] The power supply unit 10 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the main body 1.

[0069] The air outlet of the exhaust component 4 is located on the side wall adjacent to the front cover 305 of the main body 1, and the second opening 102 is set at 90° with the air outlet of the exhaust component 4.

[0070] The remaining structures in this embodiment are the same as those in Embodiment 1.

[0071] Example 4

[0072] like Figure 11-12 As shown, this embodiment provides a negative pressure protective hood 200, including a hood body 13 and any one of the negative pressure exhaust devices 100 in embodiments 1-3. The air outlet of the hood body 13 is connected to the air inlet of the air inlet device 3. The exhaust component 4 allows the gas inside the hood body 13 to pass sequentially through the air inlet device 3, the third opening 201, and the protrusion 202 before being discharged through the second opening 102. The exhaust component 4 also ensures that the air pressure inside the hood body 13 is lower than the external ambient air pressure. In use, the negative pressure protective hood 200 is placed over the outside of the head. The negative pressure exhaust device 100 filters the gas discharged from the hood body 13, preventing pollution of the external environment. The filter device 2 is convex, which improves the filtration effect and enhances the protection level. Furthermore, the filter device 2 and the air inlet device 3 can be removed as a whole and disinfected together with the negative pressure protective hood 200, improving equipment utilization efficiency.

[0073] In a preferred embodiment, the air outlet of the headgear body 13 is threadedly connected to the air inlet pipe of the air inlet device 3.

[0074] The headgear body 13 includes a headgear main body 14, which includes a cover 1401 and a support frame 1402. The support frame 1402 is fixedly connected to the cover 1401 and provides support for the cover 1401, forming a breathing cavity 1403 that can accommodate the head. The breathing cavity 1403 has a head inlet for the head to enter. Existing flexible headgear bodies 14 are folded before use and require inflation before they can be in the cover 1401 state. This results in a long preparation time and inconvenience. In this embodiment, the headgear body 14 is supported by the support frame 1402 and forms the breathing cavity 1403, eliminating the need for lengthy preparation and facilitating application. It should be noted that the cover 1401 has a transparent screen that allows vision to pass through.

[0075] In a preferred embodiment, the support frame 1402 consists of multiple support members made of rigid material. The support frame 1402 is formed by welding, bonding, or splicing, and is placed inside the cover 1401 to fix its shape. In another preferred embodiment, the support frame 1402 includes an upper frame, a lower frame, and connecting rods. The upper and lower frames can be annular structures of various shapes, such as square rings, circular rings, or elliptical rings. Multiple connecting rods are provided, with both ends of each rod fixedly connected to the upper and lower frames to form the support frame 1402. Preferably, there are four connecting rods. The head cover body 14 can be in various shapes, such as a polyhedron or a cylinder.

[0076] The hood body 13 also includes a one-way air intake valve 1404 and / or a filter element 1405. The hood body 1401 has an air intake port. The one-way air intake valve 1404 and the filter element 1405 are both fixedly connected to the air intake port. The one-way air intake valve 1404 allows external air to enter the breathing chamber 1403 and prevents the air inside the breathing chamber 1403 from being discharged through the air intake port, thus preventing untreated air from being discharged and causing pollution. The filter element 1405 filters the external air entering the breathing chamber 1403 and / or the air discharged from the breathing chamber 1403 through the air intake port. The filter element 1405 is preferably a filter cartridge. In one embodiment, the headgear body 13 includes a one-way air inlet valve 1404. When a patient coughs, the internal pressure of the breathing chamber 1403 increases instantaneously, posing a risk of contaminated gas escaping from the air inlet of the headgear. The one-way air inlet valve 1404 reduces or prevents this escaping. This headgear body 13 is particularly suitable for situations where confirmed and suspected patients are in the same enclosed space, preventing infection of healthy individuals among the suspected patients. In another embodiment, the headgear body 13 includes a filter element 1405. The filter element 1405 filters external gas entering the breathing chamber 1403 and / or gas exiting the breathing chamber 1403 through the air inlet. When the user coughs, it filters pathogen-laden gas exiting the breathing chamber 1403; when the external environment is polluted, it filters external gas entering the breathing chamber 1403. In another embodiment, the headgear body 13 includes a one-way air intake valve 1404 and a filter component 1405. In this case, the one-way air intake valve 1404 can reduce or prevent polluted gas in the breathing chamber 1403 from being discharged from the air intake of the headgear, and the filter component 1405 is mainly used to filter external polluted gas entering the breathing chamber 1403.

[0077] The negative pressure protective headgear 200 provided in this embodiment also includes a flexible neck sleeve 15 and a protective ring 16. The flexible neck sleeve 15 is fixedly connected to the head inlet of the headgear body 13. The protective ring 16 is fixedly connected to the headgear body 13 and / or the flexible neck sleeve 15 and extends away from the headgear body 13. The flexible neck sleeve 15 has an inflation chamber and an inflation port 1601. Inflation can be made into the inflation chamber through the inflation port 1601, making the flexible neck sleeve 15 ring-shaped. The flexible neck sleeve 15 can be worn over the neck. In use, the flexible neck sleeve 15 is put on the neck and inflated to make it fit the neck snugly, reducing the leakage of internal gas. The protective ring 16 preferably extends to the shoulders or below the shoulders to further reduce the leakage of internal gas, thereby reducing pollution to the external environment. The flexible neck sleeve 15 is preferably made of a soft, skin-friendly membrane material, such as PVC, PE, PUR, TPE, TPU, etc.

[0078] Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this invention. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of this invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

Claims

1. A negative pressure exhaust device, characterized in that: The device includes a main body, an air intake device, a filter device, and an exhaust component. The main body has a first opening and a second opening. One end of the filter device has a third opening, and the end of the filter device with the third opening is in sealed contact with and fixedly connected to the air intake device. The other end of the filter device is located within the main body, and the other end of the filter device points away from the air intake device and forms a protrusion. The end of the main body with the first opening is detachably fixedly connected to the air intake device, and the other end of the main body is fixedly connected to the exhaust component. The exhaust component allows gas to pass sequentially through the air intake device, the third opening, and the protrusion, and then be discharged through the second opening. The exhaust component ensures that the pressure at the air inlet of the exhaust component is lower than the pressure at the air outlet of the exhaust component. The filter device and the air intake device can be removed as a whole for disinfection. The filter device is cylindrical; The air intake device includes a ventilation pipe and a connector. One end of the connector is in sealed contact with the ventilation pipe and is detachably fixedly connected. The connector is connected to the ventilation pipe. The other end of the connector is connected to the main body of the machine. The connector is in sealed contact with the filter device and is fixedly connected. The ventilation duct has two positioning holes on its side wall, which are symmetrically arranged about the axis of the ventilation duct. A fixed shaft passes through the two positioning holes in sequence, and both ends of the fixed shaft protrude from the outer wall of the ventilation duct. The connector has two L-shaped grooves on its side wall, each L-shaped groove including a first strip groove and a second strip groove. Each first strip groove is parallel to the axis of the ventilation duct, and each second strip groove is perpendicular to the axis of the ventilation duct. The end of each first strip groove away from the second strip groove extends to the end of the connector away from the filter device to form an inlet. The end of each second strip groove away from the first strip groove has a limiting groove. The two second strip grooves of the two L-shaped grooves extend clockwise or counterclockwise from their respective corresponding first strip grooves.

2. The negative pressure exhaust device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a screw cap, which is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the connector. The screw cap is detachably and fixedly connected to the body, and the screw cap and the body can clamp the connector and fix the connector to the body.

3. The negative pressure exhaust device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The third opening is positioned opposite to the air inlet of the exhaust component, the air inlet and the air outlet of the exhaust component are positioned opposite to each other, and the air outlet of the exhaust component is positioned opposite to the second opening.

4. The negative pressure exhaust device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main body of the machine is provided with a belt hole, which is used to detachably and securely connect to the belt.

5. The negative pressure exhaust device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a differential pressure detection device, an air volume detection device, an air volume adjustment device, a control device, a display device, a power supply device, a charging port, and a heat dissipation device. The differential pressure detection device is fixedly connected to the main body of the machine. The differential pressure detection device is communicatively connected to the control device or the display device. The differential pressure detection device can detect the pressure difference between the third opening and the ambient atmospheric pressure. The air volume detection device is fixedly connected to the main body of the unit. The air volume detection device is communicatively connected to the control device or the display device. The air volume detection device can detect the exhaust volume of the exhaust component. The air volume regulating device is fixedly connected to the main body of the machine, and the air volume regulating device is communicatively connected to the control device. The control device is fixedly connected to the main body of the machine. The control device can adjust the exhaust volume of the exhaust component according to the gear signal of the air volume adjustment device. The display device is fixedly connected to the main body of the machine. The display device can communicate with the control device and can display the differential pressure detected by the differential pressure detection device and the air volume detected by the air volume detection device. The charging port is fixedly connected to the main body of the device, the charging port is connected to the power supply device, and the charging port can charge the power supply device through an external power source. The power supply device is fixedly connected to the main body of the machine. The power supply device is connected to the differential pressure detection device, the air volume detection device, the air volume adjustment device, the control device, the display device and the heat dissipation device. The power supply device can provide power to the differential pressure detection device, the air volume detection device, the air volume adjustment device, the control device, the display device and the heat dissipation device. The heat dissipation device is fixedly connected to the main body of the machine body. The heat dissipation device is located on one side of the power supply device. The main body of the machine body is provided with a heat dissipation vent at one end near the heat dissipation device. The heat dissipation device can at least dissipate the heat generated by the power supply device through the heat dissipation vent. The filtration device is a filter element, the exhaust component is a negative pressure fan, the differential pressure detection device is a differential pressure sensor, the air volume detection device is an air volume sensor, the display device is a display screen, the power supply device is a battery, and the heat dissipation device is a cooling fan.

6. A negative pressure protective hood, characterized in that: The device includes a headgear body and a negative pressure exhaust device as described in any one of claims 1-5. The air outlet of the headgear body is connected to the air inlet of the air inlet device. The exhaust component enables the gas inside the headgear body to pass through the air inlet device, the third opening, and the protrusion in sequence and then be discharged through the second opening. The exhaust component enables the air pressure inside the headgear body to be lower than the air pressure of the external environment.

7. The negative pressure protective hood according to claim 6, characterized in that: The headgear body includes a headgear main body, which includes a cover and a support frame. The support frame is fixedly connected to the cover. The support frame can provide support for the cover and make the cover form a breathing cavity that can accommodate the head. The breathing cavity has a head inlet that allows the head to enter.

8. The negative pressure protective hood according to claim 7, characterized in that: The hood body also includes a one-way air intake valve and / or a filter component. The hood has an air intake port. The one-way air intake valve and the filter component are both fixedly connected to the air intake port. The one-way air intake valve allows external gas to enter the breathing chamber and prevents gas in the breathing chamber from being discharged through the air intake port. The filter component can filter the external gas entering the breathing chamber and / or the gas discharged from the breathing chamber through the air intake port.

9. The negative pressure protective hood according to claim 8, characterized in that: It also includes a flexible neck warmer and a protective collar. The flexible neck warmer is fixedly connected to the head inlet of the headgear body. The protective collar is fixedly connected to the headgear body and / or the flexible neck warmer and extends away from the headgear body. The flexible neck warmer has an inflation chamber and an inflation port. Air can be inflated into the inflation chamber through the inflation port to make the flexible neck warmer ring-shaped. The flexible neck warmer can be worn over the neck.

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