A device and method for monitoring differential settlement

Abstract

The application provides a non-uniform settlement monitoring device and a monitoring method. The non-uniform settlement monitoring device comprises: a monitoring mechanism for monitoring whether non-uniform settlement occurs; a direction adjusting mechanism arranged below the monitoring mechanism to adjust the monitoring direction of the monitoring mechanism; and a supporting mechanism arranged below the direction adjusting mechanism to support the direction adjusting mechanism. The monitoring mechanism comprises a level gauge for monitoring non-uniform settlement. A laser pointer is arranged directly above the level gauge to assist in measuring non-uniform settlement. A protection mechanism is arranged on the direction adjusting mechanism to cover the laser pointer and the level gauge to form protection. According to the application, whether non-uniform settlement occurs is observed and judged by using a reflector and a total station. If settlement occurs, whether the level bubble is in the center of the level gauge is observed. If the level bubble is not in the center, it indicates that non-uniform settlement occurs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of settlement monitoring technology, specifically to a non-uniform settlement monitoring device and monitoring method. Background Technology

[0002] While subways play an irreplaceable role in people's lives, their construction can easily trigger a series of geotechnical engineering problems, especially surface settlement. During subway construction, it is inevitable that they will pass under existing buildings in the city. Tunnel excavation disrupts the original stress balance of the strata, causing a redistribution of stress within the strata. Under the influence of this stress redistribution, the soil will move and deform accordingly, and these deformations will cause uneven surface settlement. Furthermore, when tunnel excavation crosses strata with different geological properties, significant uneven surface settlement can also occur.

[0003] While existing settlement monitoring devices can monitor surface settlement caused by tunnel construction, they cannot provide direct monitoring of uneven settlement caused by tunnel construction.

[0004] Therefore, this invention studies and designs a non-uniform settlement monitoring device and monitoring method. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing settlement monitoring devices, which can monitor the settlement of the ground surface caused by tunnel construction, but cannot intuitively monitor the uneven settlement caused by tunnel construction, thereby providing an uneven settlement monitoring device and monitoring method.

[0006] To address the above problems, the present invention provides a non-uniform settlement monitoring device and monitoring method, comprising:

[0007] The monitoring agency monitors whether uneven settlement occurs;

[0008] A directional adjustment mechanism is provided below the monitoring structure to adjust the monitoring orientation of the monitoring structure;

[0009] A support mechanism is provided below the steering mechanism to support the steering mechanism;

[0010] The monitoring mechanism includes a level instrument, which is used to monitor uneven settlement. A laser pointer is installed directly above the level instrument to assist in the measurement of uneven settlement.

[0011] It also includes a protection mechanism that is disposed on the steering mechanism and covers the laser pointer and the level to form a protection.

[0012] In some embodiments, the support mechanism includes a support base, which is a magnetic support base, and the support base has a plurality of first screw holes, in which a first screw is adapted to be fitted.

[0013] The support base is provided with a support rod, and the bottom of the support rod is provided with a magnetic block adapted to the magnetic support base.

[0014] In some embodiments, the steering mechanism includes a circular base with a plurality of slot pieces disposed below the circular base. The slot pieces are arc-shaped and their center points coincide with the center point of the circular base. A universal ball is also disposed below the circular base and is located at the top of the support rod. The universal ball extends into the plurality of slot pieces.

[0015] In some embodiments, the side of the slot piece away from the center point of the circular seat is provided with a first thread, and the first threads of the multiple slot pieces are sequentially aligned to form a multi-layer first thread ring;

[0016] A fastening ring is also provided on the side of the slot piece away from the center point of the circular seat. The fastening ring is sleeved on the outside of the circular seat and is threadedly connected to the slot piece. A second thread matching the first threaded ring is also provided on the inner side of the fastening ring.

[0017] In some embodiments, a plurality of the slot pieces are sequentially arranged along the edge gap of the circular seat, the angle range of the gap being 2 to 4°.

[0018] In some embodiments, the shortest distance from the center point of the circular seat to the slot piece is greater than the radius of the omnidirectional ball.

[0019] In some embodiments, the level is a metal bubble level, with a bubble at the center for easy observation. An auxiliary base is also provided at the bottom of the level, with a second screw hole at the edge of the auxiliary base. A third screw hole adapted to the second screw hole is provided on the circular base. The second screw hole and the third screw hole are evenly and symmetrically distributed with respect to the center of the auxiliary base and the center of the circular base, respectively. A second screw is screwed into the overlapping second screw hole and third screw hole.

[0020] A support rod is provided below the laser pointer. The support rod is vertical, and a hemisphere is connected to the bottom of the support rod. The hemisphere is located at the center of the level. Multiple sets of locking blocks are provided at the top of the support rod to limit the movement of the laser pointer.

[0021] In some embodiments, the protective mechanism includes reflectors with multiple reflectors perpendicularly connected to the circular base, marking scales on the inner side of the reflectors, and a cover plate above the multiple reflectors to form a semi-enclosed space.

[0022] The present invention also provides a method for monitoring uneven settlement, comprising the uneven settlement monitoring device described in any of the preceding claims:

[0023] S1: The level is adjusted by the directional mechanism so that the bubble level is centered in the level.

[0024] S2: Use a laser pointer to project onto a reflector to obtain the position on the reflector and the distance OA between the laser pointer and the reflector, and use the reflector in conjunction with a total station to record the initial position of the ground surface;

[0025] S3: Continuously observe whether the level bubble is in the center of the level instrument. When the level bubble is not in the center, re-measure the position of the laser pointer projected onto the reflector and the distance OB between the laser pointer and the reflector. Use the reflector in conjunction with the total station to record the initial position of the ground surface.

[0026] S4: Calculate using trigonometric functions and formulas The angle θ at which uneven settlement occurs can be calculated to obtain the orientation of the uneven settlement.

[0027] The non-uniform settlement monitoring device and method provided by this invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0028] 1. This invention monitors whether uneven settlement occurs through a monitoring mechanism. The monitoring involves observing whether the bubble level is centered after adjustment using a level instrument. An adjustment mechanism is located below the monitoring structure to adjust its orientation. This adjustment mechanism is used for initial calibration of the monitoring mechanism. A support mechanism is located below the adjustment mechanism to support it, facilitating observation of settlement. The monitoring mechanism includes a level instrument used to monitor uneven settlement. A laser pointer is positioned directly above the level instrument to assist in measuring uneven settlement. Both the level instrument and the laser pointer are commercially available. A protective mechanism is located above the monitoring mechanism, covering the laser pointer and level instrument for protection.

[0029] 2. This invention also uses a reflector in conjunction with a total station to observe and determine whether uneven settlement has occurred. If settlement has occurred, observe whether the level bubble is in the exact center of the level instrument. If it is not in the exact center, it indicates that uneven settlement has occurred. When the level bubble is not in the center, re-measure the position of the laser pointer projected onto the reflector to obtain the position on the reflector and the distance OB between the laser pointer and the reflector. Use the reflector in conjunction with the total station to record the initial position of the ground surface. The angle θ of uneven settlement can be calculated using trigonometric function formulas to obtain the direction of uneven settlement, and intuitively see which direction has a larger settlement amount, so as to make predictions for the future. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the assembly of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the explosion effect structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the card block installation according to the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the third screw hole in the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the support rod installation of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the second thread installation of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the first threaded installation of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the auxiliary base of the present invention.

[0038] The reference numerals in the attached figures are as follows:

[0039] 1. Cover plate; 2. Reflector; 3. Laser pointer; 4. Level; 5. Round base; 6. Universal ball; 7. Fastening ring; 8. Support base; 9. Support rod; 11. Locking block; 12. Hemisphere; 13. Second screw hole; 14. First screw hole; 15. Auxiliary base; 16. Third screw hole; 17. First thread; 18. Second thread; 20. Support rod. Detailed Implementation

[0040] like Figure 1-8 As shown, the present invention provides a non-uniform settlement monitoring device and monitoring method, which includes:

[0041] The monitoring agency monitors whether uneven settlement occurs;

[0042] A directional adjustment mechanism is provided below the monitoring structure to adjust the monitoring orientation of the monitoring structure;

[0043] A support mechanism is provided below the steering mechanism to support the steering mechanism;

[0044] The monitoring mechanism includes a level 4, which is used to monitor uneven settlement. A laser pointer 3 is set directly above the level 4 to assist in measuring uneven settlement.

[0045] It also includes a protective mechanism, which is disposed on the steering mechanism and covers the laser pointer 3 and the level 4 to form a protective layer. For example... Figure 1-8 As shown, the uneven settlement monitoring device includes a monitoring mechanism, an adjustment mechanism, a support mechanism, and a protection mechanism. The monitoring mechanism monitors whether uneven settlement has occurred. The level instrument 4 is used to adjust the bubble level and observe its centered position. The adjustment mechanism is located below the monitoring structure to adjust its orientation and is used for initial calibration. The support mechanism is located below the adjustment mechanism to support it and facilitate observation of settlement. The level instrument 4 is used to monitor uneven settlement. A laser pointer 3 is positioned directly above the level instrument 4 to assist in measuring uneven settlement. Both the level instrument 4 and the laser pointer 3 are commercially available. A protection mechanism is positioned above the monitoring mechanism, covering the laser pointer 3 and the level instrument 4 for protection.

[0046] In some embodiments, the support mechanism includes a support base 8, which is a magnetic support base 8. The support base 8 has a plurality of first screw holes 14, and a first screw is adapted to fit into each of the first screw holes 14.

[0047] A support rod 20 is provided on the support base 8, and a magnetic block adapted to the magnetic support base 8 is provided at the bottom of the support rod 20. For example... Figure 1-8 As shown, the support mechanism includes a support base 8, which is a magnetic support base 8. The support base 8 has multiple first screw holes 14, and a first screw is adapted to fit in the first screw hole 14. A support rod 20 is provided on the support base 8, which can be screwed, welded, or bonded. A magnetic block adapted to the magnetic support base 8 is provided at the bottom of the support rod 20, which makes it easy to pick up and put down later. The support base 8 is directly screwed to the land to be measured through the first screw hole 14 and the first screw to form a fastener.

[0048] In some embodiments, the steering mechanism includes a circular base 5, with multiple slotted pieces disposed below the circular base 5. These slotted pieces are arc-shaped, and their center points coincide with the center point of the circular base 5. A universal ball joint 6 is also disposed below the circular base 5, located at the top of the support rod 20, and extends into the multiple slotted pieces. Figure 1-8 As shown, the steering mechanism includes a circular base 5. Multiple slotted pieces are arranged below the circular base 5. These slotted pieces are arc-shaped, with one end welded or bonded to the circular base 5. The multiple slotted pieces are inclined towards the center of the circular base 5. The angle between the other end of the slotted piece and the edge line projected onto the circular base 5 is between 87° and 90°. The center point of each arc-shaped slotted piece coincides with the center point of the circular base 5. A universal ball 6 is also arranged below the circular base 5. The universal ball 6 is located at the top of the support rod 20, and can be connected by welding, screwing, or bonding. The universal ball 6 extends into the multiple slotted pieces to form a detachable connection, facilitating direction adjustment and installation / removal.

[0049] In some embodiments, the side of the slot piece away from the center point of the circular seat 5 is provided with a first thread 17, and the first threads 17 of the multiple slot pieces are sequentially aligned to form a multi-layer first thread ring.

[0050] A fastening ring 7 is also provided on the side of the slot piece away from the center point of the circular base 5. The fastening ring 7 is sleeved on the outside of the circular base 5 and is threadedly connected to the slot piece. A second thread 18 matching the first threaded ring is also provided on the inner side of the fastening ring 7. Figure 1-8 As shown, each of the card slot pieces has a first thread 17 on the side away from the center point of the circular base 5. The first threads 17 of multiple card slot pieces are aligned end to end to form a multi-layer first threaded ring. A fastening ring 7 is also provided on the side of the card slot piece away from the center point of the circular base 5. The fastening ring 7 is sleeved on the outside of the circular base 5 and is threadedly connected to the card slot piece. The inner side of the fastening ring 7 is also provided with a second thread 18 that matches the first threaded ring. Through the adaptation of the second thread 18 and the first thread 17, the fastening ring 7 can be screwed into the structure formed by multiple card slot pieces. During the screwing process between the fastening ring 7 and multiple card slot pieces, multiple card slot pieces tighten towards the center of the circular base 5. As they continue to be screwed in, a contraction force is generated, thereby achieving fixation. When there is a gap between multiple card slot pieces, their first threads 17 can still continue to form a screwed connection according to the degree of engagement with the second thread 18. The fastening ring 7 fastens multiple card slot pieces and the internal universal ball 6 to form a fixed direction, providing a guarantee for subsequent uneven settlement monitoring.

[0051] In some embodiments, a plurality of the slot pieces are sequentially arranged along the edge gap of the circular base 5, the angle of the gap ranging from 2 to 4°. For example... Figure 1-8As shown, multiple slot pieces are sequentially arranged along the edge gap of the circular seat 5, with the gap angle ranging from 2 to 4°, so as to provide extra space for the adjustment of the universal ball 6, ensuring smooth adjustment and reliable fastening.

[0052] In some embodiments, the shortest distance from the center point of the circular seat 5 to the slot piece is greater than the radius of the omnidirectional ball 6. For example... Figure 1-8 As shown, the shortest distance from the center point of the circular seat 5 to the slot is greater than the radius of the universal ball 6, so that the universal ball 6 can rotate and adjust more smoothly within it.

[0053] In some embodiments, the level 4 is a metal bubble level 4, which has a bubble at its center for easy observation. The bottom of the level 4 is also provided with an auxiliary base 15, and the edge of the auxiliary base 15 is provided with a second screw hole 13. The circular seat 5 is provided with a third screw hole 16 that matches the second screw hole 13. The second screw hole 13 and the third screw hole 16 are evenly and symmetrically distributed with respect to the center of the auxiliary base 15 and the center of the circular seat 5, respectively. A second screw is screwed into the overlapping second screw hole 13 and the third screw hole 16.

[0054] A vertical support rod is provided below the laser pointer 3. A hemisphere 12 is connected to the bottom of the support rod and is positioned at the center of the level instrument 4. Multiple sets of locking blocks 11 are provided at the top of the support rod to limit the movement of the laser pointer 3. Figure 1-8 As shown, the level 4 is a metal bubble level 4. The metal bubble level 4 has a bubble at the center for easy observation. The bottom of the level 4 is also provided with an auxiliary base 15. The auxiliary base 15 has a second screw hole 13 at its edge. The circular seat 5 has a third screw hole 16 that matches the second screw hole 13. The second screw hole 13 and the third screw hole 16 are evenly and symmetrically distributed around the center of the auxiliary base 15 and the center of the circular seat 5, respectively. The second screw is screwed into the overlapping second screw hole 13 and the third screw hole 16 to fix the circular seat 5 and the auxiliary base 15. A support rod is provided below the laser pointer 3. The support rod is vertically set. The bottom of the support rod is connected to a hemisphere 12. The hemisphere 12 is set at the center of the level 4. The top of the support rod is provided with multiple sets of locking blocks 11. The multiple sets of locking blocks 11 limit the laser pointer 3 to facilitate the stability of the laser pointer 3 and its subsequent disassembly.

[0055] In some embodiments, the protective mechanism includes reflectors 2, which are provided with multiple reflectors perpendicularly connected to the circular base 5. The inner side of each reflector 2 is provided with markings, and a cover plate 1 is provided above the multiple reflectors 2 to form a semi-enclosed space. For example... Figure 1-8As shown, the protective mechanism includes a reflector 2. The reflector 2 has a reflective film or reflective paint applied inside. The reflector 2 is provided with multiple reflectors that are perpendicularly connected to the circular base 5. The inner side of the reflector 2 is provided with marking scales, which can be angle or length markings. A cover plate 1 is provided above the multiple reflectors 2 to form a semi-enclosed space.

[0056] The present invention also provides a method for monitoring uneven settlement, comprising the uneven settlement monitoring device described in any of the preceding claims:

[0057] S1: The level instrument 4 is adjusted by the adjustment mechanism so that the bubble level is in the center of the level instrument 4;

[0058] S2: Use laser pointer 3 to project onto reflector 2 to obtain the position on reflector 2 and the distance OA between laser pointer 3 and reflector, and use reflector in conjunction with total station to record the initial position of the ground surface;

[0059] S3: Continuously observe whether the level bubble is in the center of the level instrument 4. When the level bubble is not in the center, re-measure the position of the laser pointer 3 projected onto the reflector 2 and the distance OB between the laser pointer 3 and the reflector. Use the reflector in conjunction with the total station to record the initial position of the ground surface.

[0060] S4: Calculate using trigonometric functions and formulas The angle θ at which uneven settlement occurs can be calculated to obtain the orientation of the uneven settlement.

[0061] Specifically, before use, the support base 8 is fixed to the position to be monitored. Then, the level instrument 4 is adjusted using the directional adjustment mechanism, causing the fastening ring 7 to fall off from multiple slot pieces. The horizontality and rotation direction of the device above the circular base 5 are adjusted, and the level bubble is observed to be centered on the level instrument 4 to complete the adjustment. After adjustment, the laser pointer 3 is projected onto the reflector 2 to obtain the position on the reflector 2 and the distance OA between the laser pointer 3 and the reflector. The reflector is used in conjunction with the total station to record the initial position of the ground surface. The reflector is used in conjunction with the total station to observe and determine whether uneven settlement has occurred. If settlement has occurred, observe whether the level bubble is centered on the level instrument 4. If it is not centered, it indicates that uneven settlement has occurred. When the level bubble is not centered, the laser pointer 3 is projected onto the reflector 2 again to obtain the position on the reflector 2 and the distance OB between the laser pointer 3 and the reflector. The reflector is used in conjunction with the total station to record the initial position of the ground surface. The trigonometric function formula is used to calculate:

[0062]

[0063] The angle θ of uneven settlement can be calculated to obtain the location of uneven settlement. It can be seen intuitively which direction has a large amount of settlement, and the location of the next settlement can be predicted. This provides a basis for the construction party to take appropriate measures in a timely manner, and further ensures the safe progress of construction.

[0064] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention. The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring uneven settlement, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: The level of the monitoring mechanism is adjusted by the directional mechanism located below the monitoring mechanism to perform the preliminary calibration of the monitoring mechanism so that the level bubble is in the center of the level; wherein, a support mechanism is provided below the directional mechanism to support the directional mechanism so that it is supported to facilitate the observation of the occurrence of settlement. S2: A laser pointer positioned directly above the level is used to project onto the reflector of the protection mechanism to obtain the position on the reflector and the distance OA between the laser pointer and the reflector. The reflector is then used in conjunction with a total station to record the initial position of the ground surface. The protection mechanism is positioned on the steering mechanism to cover the laser pointer and the level to form a protective layer. S3: Continuously observe whether the level bubble of the level instrument is in the center of the level instrument. If it is not in the center, it means that uneven settlement has occurred. When the level bubble is not in the center, re-measure the position of the laser pointer projected on the reflector and the distance OB between the laser pointer and the reflector. Use the reflector in conjunction with the total station to record the initial position of the ground surface. S4: Calculate using trigonometric functions and formulas Calculate the angle at which uneven settlement occurs. To obtain the location of uneven settlement.

2. The method for monitoring uneven settlement according to claim 1, characterized in that, The non-uniform settlement monitoring device used in the method includes: The monitoring agency monitors whether uneven settlement occurs; A directional adjustment mechanism is provided below the monitoring mechanism to adjust the monitoring orientation of the monitoring mechanism; A support mechanism is provided below the steering mechanism to support the steering mechanism; The monitoring mechanism includes a level instrument, which is used to monitor uneven settlement. A laser pointer is installed directly above the level instrument to assist in the measurement of uneven settlement. It also includes a protection mechanism, which is disposed on the steering mechanism and covers the laser pointer and the level to form a protection; The steering mechanism includes a circular base, and a plurality of slot pieces are provided below the circular base. The slot pieces are arc-shaped, and the center point of each arc-shaped slot piece coincides with the center point of the circular base. A universal ball is also provided below the circular base, and the universal ball extends into the plurality of slot pieces. Each of the card slot pieces is provided with a first thread on the side away from the center point of the circular seat, and the first threads of the multiple card slot pieces are aligned one after the other to form a multi-layer first thread ring. A fastening ring is also provided on the side of the slot piece away from the center point of the circular seat. The fastening ring is sleeved on the outside of the circular seat and is threadedly connected to the slot piece. A second thread matching the first threaded ring is also provided on the inner side of the fastening ring. Multiple slot pieces are sequentially arranged along the edge gap of the circular base, and the angle range of the gap is 2~4°. The level is a metal bubble level, with a bubble at the center for easy observation. An auxiliary base is also provided at the bottom of the level, with a second screw hole at the edge of the auxiliary base. A third screw hole that matches the second screw hole is provided on the circular base. The second screw hole and the third screw hole are evenly and symmetrically distributed with respect to the center of the auxiliary base and the center of the circular base, respectively. A second screw is screwed into the overlapping second screw hole and the third screw hole. A support rod is provided below the laser pointer. The support rod is vertical. A hemisphere is connected to the bottom of the support rod. The hemisphere is located at the center of the level. Multiple sets of locking blocks are provided at the top of the support rod to limit the laser pointer. The protective mechanism includes reflectors, which are provided with multiple reflectors that are perpendicularly connected to the circular base. The reflectors have marking scales on their inner sides, and a cover plate is provided above the multiple reflectors to form a semi-enclosed space.

3. The method for monitoring uneven settlement according to claim 2, characterized in that: The support mechanism includes a support base, which is a magnetic support base. The support base has multiple first screw holes, and a first screw is fitted into each of the first screw holes. The support base is provided with a support rod, and the bottom of the support rod is provided with a magnetic block adapted to the magnetic support base.

4. The method for monitoring uneven settlement according to claim 2, characterized in that: The shortest distance from the center point of the circular seat to the slot piece is greater than the radius of the omnidirectional ball.

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