Charge pump, voltage regulation system, voltage regulation method

Abstract

The application discloses a charge pump, a voltage regulating system and a voltage regulating method. The charge pump comprises a power module, N energy storage modules, one end of a first switch unit is electrically connected with the power module, the other end of the first switch unit is electrically connected with a first end of an energy storage unit, a second end of the energy storage unit is electrically connected with one end of a second switch unit, the other end of the second switch unit is grounded, N-1 third switch units, one end of the third switch unit is electrically connected with a first end of a first sub energy storage unit, the other end of the third switch unit is electrically connected with a second end of a second sub energy storage unit, a power switch, one end of the power switch is electrically connected with the power module, the other end of the power switch is electrically connected with one end of a power supply module, a power supply switch, one end of the power supply switch is electrically connected with the other end of the power supply module, and a photoelectric detection module, one end of the photoelectric detection module is electrically connected with the other end of the power supply switch. The application can realize the integrated charge pump with high power density.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of charge pump technology, and more particularly to a charge pump, a voltage regulation system, and a voltage regulation method. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, single-photon avalanche diodes (SPDBs) are commonly used as receiving modules in lidar systems. The avalanche diode receives the reflected beam from the object being measured (DMT) and generates a corresponding pulse signal based on this reflected beam. This pulse signal allows the analysis module in the lidar system to measure the distance to the DMT object. The avalanche diode achieves this function based on the avalanche breakdown phenomenon of the PN junction. Therefore, a certain reverse bias voltage needs to be applied to the avalanche diode.

[0003] In related technologies, the Dickson topology is used to achieve a voltage boost effect. However, in this topology, the flying capacitor needs to withstand a relatively high voltage to achieve the effect of gradually increasing the voltage. Secondly, related technologies often integrate the charge pump for voltage boosting with an avalanche diode. However, for integrated circuit manufacturing processes, the dielectric layer between high-capacitance on-chip capacitors can only withstand a limited voltage. Therefore, the on-chip capacitors that can be integrated in a limited area are very small, and excessively small flying capacitors directly increase the output resistance of the charge pump, thus reducing efficiency. Therefore, how to achieve an integrable, high-power-density charge pump has become a pressing technical problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present invention proposes a charge pump, a voltage regulation system, and a voltage regulation method, which can realize an integrable charge pump with high power density.

[0005] A charge pump according to a first aspect of the present invention includes:

[0006] The power module is used to generate the supply voltage;

[0007] There are N energy storage modules, each of which includes an energy storage unit, a first switching unit, and a second switching unit. One end of the first switching unit is electrically connected to the power module, and the other end of the first switching unit is electrically connected to the first end of the energy storage unit. The second end of the energy storage unit is electrically connected to one end of the second switching unit, and the other end of the second switching unit is grounded. Wherein, N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 3.

[0008] There are N-1 third switching units, one end of which is electrically connected to the first end of the first sub-energy storage unit, and the other end of which is electrically connected to the second end of the second sub-energy storage unit; wherein, the first sub-energy storage unit is any one of the N energy storage units, and the second sub-energy storage unit is any one of the N energy storage units that is not connected to the third switching units; wherein, the N energy storage modules and the N-1 third switching units form a power supply module;

[0009] A power switch, one end of which is electrically connected to the power module, and the other end of which is electrically connected to one end of the power supply module;

[0010] A power supply switch, one end of which is electrically connected to the other end of the energy supply module; wherein, the first switch unit, the second switch unit, the third switch unit, the power switch, and the power supply switch are used to control the energy storage unit to be in a charging state or a discharging state, so that the energy storage unit generates a discharge signal in the discharging state, and the voltage value of the discharge signal is N+1 times the voltage value of the power supply voltage;

[0011] A photoelectric detection module, one end of which is electrically connected to the other end of the power supply switch, and the other end of which is grounded; wherein, the photoelectric detection module is used to perform photoelectric detection operation based on the discharge signal.

[0012] The charge pump according to embodiments of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: Through the topology of the first and second switches, N-1 third switches, a power switch, and a supply switch in the N energy storage modules, when the conduction state of the switches is controlled according to the supply voltage, the N capacitors in the N energy storage modules can be switched to a parallel connection state or a series connection state. When in the parallel connection state, the N capacitors perform a charging operation; when in the series connection state, the N capacitors perform a discharging operation. At this time, the voltage through the photodetector module is the sum of the supply voltage and the discharge voltage of the capacitors performing the discharge operation, thereby realizing the boosting operation of the supply voltage. Therefore, the above topology enables the use of low-voltage capacitor structures that do not require high voltage withstand in integrated power supply solutions, avoiding the problem of flying capacitors needing to withstand high voltages during the operation of related charge pumps, thereby increasing capacitor density and reducing the chip area required for on-chip capacitor manufacturing.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the charge pump further includes:

[0014] At least two first multiplier adjustment switch units are provided, at least one of which is electrically connected at one end to the first end of the third sub-energy storage unit, and the other end of which is electrically connected to the first end of the fourth sub-energy storage unit; at least one other of which is electrically connected at one end to the second end of the third sub-energy storage unit, and the other end of which is electrically connected to the second end of the fourth sub-energy storage unit; wherein the third sub-energy storage unit is any one of the N energy storage units, and the fourth sub-energy storage unit is any other energy storage unit among the N energy storage units, and the first multiplier adjustment switch units are used to reduce the voltage value of the discharge signal.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the charge pump further includes:

[0016] At least two second-multiple adjustment switch units are provided. At least one end of the second-multiple adjustment switch unit is electrically connected to the first end of the fifth sub-energy storage unit, and the other end of the second-multiple adjustment switch unit is electrically connected to the first end of the sixth sub-energy storage unit. At least one end of the second-multiple adjustment switch unit is electrically connected to the second end of the seventh sub-energy storage unit, and the other end of the second-multiple adjustment switch unit is electrically connected to the second end of the eighth sub-energy storage unit. The fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth sub-energy storage units are all any one of the N energy storage units. The second-multiple adjustment switch is used to reduce the voltage value of the discharge signal.

[0017] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the energy storage unit includes a capacitor, one end of which is electrically connected to the first switching unit and the other end of which is electrically connected to the second switching unit.

[0018] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the first switching unit, the second switching unit, the third switching unit, the power switch, and the power supply switch all include a switching transistor, which is any one of the following: thyristor, transistor, field-effect transistor, or relay.

[0019] A voltage regulation system according to a second aspect of the present invention includes:

[0020] The charge pump as described in any of the first aspects;

[0021] A phase control module, which generates a phase control signal;

[0022] A mode selection module is electrically connected to the power supply module. The mode selection module is used to generate a mode selection signal based on the power supply voltage. The mode selection signal is used to select the voltage value of the discharge signal.

[0023] A driving module, one end of which is electrically connected to the mode selection module, and the other end of which is electrically connected to the following switches, and the driving module is also electrically connected to the phase control module. The driving module is used to control the conduction state of the following switches according to the mode selection signal and the phase control signal: N first switch units, N second switch units, N-1 third switch units, the power switch, the supply switch, at least two first multiple adjustment switch units, and at least two second multiple adjustment switch units.

[0024] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the mode selection module includes:

[0025] A first resistor, one end of which is electrically connected to the power module;

[0026] A second resistor, one end of which is electrically connected to the other end of the first resistor;

[0027] A third resistor, one end of which is electrically connected to the other end of the second resistor, and the other end of which is grounded;

[0028] The first comparator has its non-inverting input electrically connected to the connection node of the first resistor and the second resistor.

[0029] The second comparator has its non-inverting input electrically connected to the connection node of the second resistor and the third resistor.

[0030] A reference power supply is electrically connected to the inverting input of the first comparator and the inverting input of the second comparator, respectively.

[0031] The mode selection unit is electrically connected to the output terminal of the second comparator and the output terminal of the first comparator, respectively.

[0032] According to a third aspect of the present invention, a voltage regulation method is applied to a voltage regulation system as described in the second aspect, wherein the phase control signal includes a first sub-phase control signal corresponding to a preset first phase and a second sub-phase control signal corresponding to a preset second phase; and the mode selection signal includes a first sub-mode selection signal.

[0033] The voltage regulation method includes:

[0034] The power module generates the supply voltage;

[0035] If the power supply voltage is less than the preset voltage range, the mode selection module generates the first sub-mode selection signal;

[0036] The phase control module generates the first sub-phase control signal;

[0037] The drive module performs the following operations based on the first sub-mode selection signal and the first sub-phase control signal: controlling N first switch units to close, controlling N second switch units to close, controlling N-1 third switch units to open, controlling the power switch to open, controlling the supply switch to open, controlling at least two first multiple adjustment switch units to open, and controlling at least two second multiple adjustment switch units to open.

[0038] The phase control module generates the second sub-phase control signal according to a preset time;

[0039] The drive module performs the following operations based on the first sub-mode selection signal and the second sub-phase control signal: controls N first switch units to open, controls N second switch units to open, controls N-1 third switch units to close, controls the power switch to close, controls the power supply switch to close, controls at least two first multiple adjustment switch units to open, and controls at least two second multiple adjustment switch units to open.

[0040] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the mode selection signal includes a second sub-mode selection signal;

[0041] The voltage regulation method further includes:

[0042] If the power supply voltage is within the preset voltage range, the mode selection module generates the second sub-mode selection signal;

[0043] The drive module performs the following operations based on the second sub-mode selection signal and the first sub-phase control signal: controlling N first switch units to close, controlling N second switch units to close, controlling N-1 third switch units to open, controlling the power switch to open, controlling the power supply switch to open, controlling at least two first multiple adjustment switch units to close, and controlling at least two second multiple adjustment switch units to open.

[0044] The drive module performs the following operations according to the second sub-mode selection signal and the second sub-phase control signal: controls N first switch units to open, controls N second switch units to open, controls N-2 third switch units to close, controls the power switch to close, controls the power supply switch to close, controls at least two first multiplier adjustment switch units to close, and controls at least two second multiplier adjustment switch units to open.

[0045] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the mode selection signal includes a third sub-mode selection signal;

[0046] The voltage regulation method further includes:

[0047] If the power supply voltage is greater than the preset voltage range, the mode selection module generates the third sub-mode selection signal;

[0048] The drive module performs the following operations based on the third sub-mode selection signal and the first sub-phase control signal: controlling N first switch units to close, controlling N second switch units to close, controlling N-1 third switch units to open, controlling the power switch to open, controlling the power supply switch to open, controlling at least two first multiple adjustment switch units to open, and controlling at least two second multiple adjustment switch units to close.

[0049] The drive module performs the following operations based on the third sub-mode selection signal and the second sub-phase control signal: controls N first switch units to open, controls N second switch units to open, controls N-2 third switch units to close, controls the power switch to close, controls the power supply switch to close, controls at least two first multiplier adjustment switch units to open, and controls at least two second multiplier adjustment switch units to close.

[0050] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0051] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, wherein:

[0052] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the Dickson topology in related technologies;

[0053] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a charge pump topology according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 3A This is a schematic diagram of the switch conduction state in the charge pump when the charge pump achieves a six-fold voltage boost according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 3B This is another schematic diagram showing the switch conduction state in the charge pump when the charge pump achieves a six-fold voltage boost according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 4 This is another schematic diagram of the charge pump topology according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 5A This is a schematic diagram of the switch conduction state in the charge pump when the charge pump achieves a five-fold voltage boost according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 5B This is another schematic diagram showing the switch conduction state in the charge pump when the charge pump achieves a five-fold voltage boost according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 6 This is another schematic diagram of the charge pump topology according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 7A This is a schematic diagram of the switch conduction state in the charge pump when the charge pump achieves a fourfold voltage boost according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 7B This is another schematic diagram showing the switch conduction state in the charge pump when the charge pump achieves a fourfold voltage boost according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0062] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the voltage regulation system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 9 This is a schematic flowchart of a voltage regulation method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 10 This is another schematic flowchart of the voltage regulation method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0065] Figure 11 This is another schematic diagram of the voltage regulation method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0066] Figure label:

[0067] Power supply module 100, photoelectric detection module 200, phase control module 300, mode selection module 400. Detailed Implementation

[0068] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0069] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the orientation descriptions, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0070] In the description of this invention, "several" means one or more, "multiple" means two or more, "greater than," "less than," and "exceeding" are understood to exclude the stated number, while "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the stated number. The use of "first" and "second" in the description is merely for distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features, or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0071] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly defined, terms such as "set up," "install," and "connect" should be interpreted broadly, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention in conjunction with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0072] In the description of this invention, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0073] LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) is a device used to perceive and measure the surrounding environment of an object by emitting a laser and detecting the light reflected back from it. In intelligent sensing technology, LiDAR is often used in scenarios such as autonomous driving, 3D modeling, and facial recognition.

[0074] A typical lidar system includes a transmission module, a receiving module, a beam steering module, an optical component module, an output module, and a power management module. The transmission module generates a beam of light to be emitted towards an object, while the receiving module receives the reflected beam. When the receiving module detects the reflected beam, it generates a brief pulse signal, which is then processed by subsequent signal processing circuitry. The beam steering module emits beams in various directions around the object and receives the reflected beams to identify the object's shape and features in space. Furthermore, the time difference between emitting and detecting the reflected beam can determine the distance between the lidar system and the object, thus enabling detection and ranging. Sensitive and accurate detection of the reflected beam is crucial for ensuring the lidar system's accuracy. In related lidar systems, the receiving module primarily includes a single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) array. A SPAD is a photodiode that converts weak light signals into electrical signals. SPADs can be implemented using CMOS technology, forming horizontally distributed PN junctions on a silicon wafer through implantation and diffusion processes. SPAD's optical signal detection and photoelectric signal conversion functions are based on the avalanche breakdown phenomenon of PN junctions. Avalanche breakdown occurs when, under a reverse voltage applied to the PN junction, the electric field strength in the depletion region is sufficient to accelerate electrons within it. These electrons gain sufficient energy under the influence of the electric field and collide with atoms, generating more electrons to participate in the acceleration and collision process, thus forming a current. Therefore, the working principle of a SPAD is to apply a reverse voltage to the PN junction, creating a strong electric field within it. This PN junction region becomes a photosensitive region. When photons from the outside pass through this region, the interior of the PN junction is excited by the photons, generating electron-hole pairs. Under the influence of the strong electric field, avalanche breakdown is induced, generating an electrical signal. Thus, a voltage used to reverse-bias the SPAD is crucial for the generation of avalanche breakdown and the detection of photons. However, to generate an electric field sufficient to induce avalanche breakdown, a relatively high voltage needs to be applied to the SPAD. For different SPAD models, the required voltage is generally between 12V and 20V.

[0075] In related technologies, a separate power supply module generates the voltage for biasing SPADs. For example, a Boost topology switching power converter can boost a lower supply voltage to the required voltage. However, with the trend towards system integration and miniaturization, integrating the power supply module with the SPAD detection array has significant application value. On the one hand, an integrated power supply solution, which integrates the circuit for generating the bias voltage for SPADs with the SPAD array, can improve the overall system integration, thus facilitating system-level design. On the other hand, separate discrete power supply modules require discrete components such as large inductors and capacitors, while an integrated power supply solution can avoid the use of these discrete components, thereby saving costs and system size, and offering advantages in miniaturization and portability. Based on this, this application proposes a circuit topology design for SPAD power supply in a LiDAR system based on on-chip implementation, achieving monolithic integration of the power supply module and the SPAD detection array, reducing the overall size of the LiDAR system, and improving its portability.

[0076] In electric vehicles and portable electronic products, the voltage of lithium batteries used for energy storage ranges from 2.7V to 4.2V, thus requiring DC-DC conversion technology to boost the lithium battery voltage to the required value. One boosting solution in related technologies can be implemented using an inductive switching power supply converter. This converter has a simple topology, typically consisting of a switching transistor, inductor, diode, and control circuitry, with the output voltage adjusted by regulating the duty cycle. However, inductive switching power supply converters require a large off-chip inductor, which is detrimental to miniaturization and portability. Furthermore, boosting the lithium battery voltage to the SPAD's bias voltage requires a boost ratio of 4 to 6 times, while the Boost topology has lower efficiency due to parasitic resistance, making duty cycle control under high-frequency switching difficult to achieve.

[0077] To address the shortcomings of inductive switching power converters, capacitive switching power converters (i.e., charge pumps) have been proposed. Charge pumps consist only of capacitors, switching transistors, and control circuitry, and their voltage transformation principle is based on the transformation of the circuit topology at different phases. Since there is no inductor, and the capacitors can be integrated with the switching transistors on-chip, monolithic integration is achieved. Therefore, charge pump technology is suitable for applications requiring high integration, high power density, and high voltage conversion ratios. SPAD probe arrays in portable electronic products require miniaturized, high-efficiency power supply solutions; therefore, charge pump technology can be used to achieve integrated power supply designs for SPAD probe arrays. However, most charge pump solutions in related technologies use the Dickson topology as the power stage, which limits the use of high-density on-chip capacitors. For example... Figure 1As shown, taking a Dickson topology with three flying capacitors as an example. In the first phase, switches S01 and S03 are closed, the electrodes corresponding to the lower plates of capacitors C01 and C03 are grounded, and the electrode corresponding to the lower plate of C02 is connected to the power module. In the second phase, switches S02 and S04 are closed, the electrodes corresponding to the lower plates of C01 and C03 are connected to the power module, the electrode corresponding to the lower plate of C02 is grounded, the upper plate of C03 is 4VIN, and the electrode corresponding to the upper plate of C03 is connected to VOUT, thus achieving a 4x voltage boost. However, the above Dickson topology requires the flying capacitors to withstand higher voltages to gradually boost the voltage, for example... Figure 1 The final flying capacitor C03 in the middle stage needs to withstand a voltage of 3VIN. For integrated circuit technology, the voltage that the dielectric layer in the middle of high-capacitance-density on-chip capacitors can withstand is limited. Therefore, the on-chip capacitors that can be integrated in a limited area are very small. And the excessively small flying capacitor will directly increase the output resistance of the charge pump, thereby reducing efficiency. Therefore, under the constraints of integrated circuit manufacturing process, the use of Dickson charge pump topology limits the realization of high-capacitance-density on-chip capacitors and is not conducive to the design of high-efficiency, high-power-density charge pumps.

[0078] Based on this, this application proposes a reconfigurable charge pump topology for boost biasing avalanche diodes. The charge pump enables monolithic integration of SPAD power supply and SPAD array, achieving higher power density and reducing system size. Simultaneously, the proposed reconfigurable charge pump topology, as a power stage, can achieve higher on-chip capacitor density, making it easy to integrate.

[0079] It should be noted that, for ease of explanation, in the following embodiments, the energy storage unit includes a capacitor, and the first switching unit, second switching unit, third switching unit, first multiplier adjustment switching unit, second multiplier adjustment switching unit, power switch, and supply switch each include a switch as an example. That is, the first switching unit includes a first switch, the second switching unit includes a second switch, the third switching unit includes a third switch, the first multiplier adjustment switching unit includes a first multiplier adjustment switch, and the second multiplier adjustment switching unit includes a second multiplier adjustment switch as an example. The first switch, second switch, third switch, first multiplier adjustment switch, and second multiplier adjustment switch are all switching transistors. The specific type of switching transistor can be any of the following: thyristor, transistor, field-effect transistor, relay, or other components capable of controlling the conduction state. This application does not specifically limit this type of switching transistor in the embodiments.

[0080] Reference Figure 2This application provides a charge pump comprising a power module 100, N energy storage modules, N-1 third switches, a power switch, a supply switch, and a photoelectric detection module 200. The power module 100 generates a supply voltage. Each of the N-1 energy storage modules includes a capacitor, a first switch, and a second switch. One end of the first switch is electrically connected to the power module 100, and the other end is electrically connected to the first end of the capacitor. The second end of the capacitor is electrically connected to one end of the second switch, and the other end of the second switch is grounded. One end of the third switch is electrically connected to the first end of a first sub-capacitor, and the other end is electrically connected to the second end of a second sub-capacitor. The first sub-capacitor is any one of the N capacitors, and the second sub-capacitor is any one of the N capacitors not connected to the third switch. The N energy storage modules and the N-1 third switch units form a power supply module. One end of the power switch is electrically connected to the power module 100, and the other end is electrically connected to one end of the power supply module. One end of the supply switch is electrically connected to the other end of the power supply module. The first switch unit, second switch unit, third switch unit, power switch, and supply switch are used to control the energy storage unit to be in a charging or discharging state, so that the energy storage unit generates a discharge signal in the discharging state. The voltage value of the discharge signal is N+1 times the supply voltage. One end of the photoelectric detection module 200 is electrically connected to the other end of the power switch, and the other end of the photoelectric detection module 200 is grounded. The photoelectric detection module is used to perform photoelectric detection operation based on the discharge signal. Here, N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 3.

[0081] Specifically, the charge pump provided in this application integrates power supply with a SPAD. The power module 100 provides power, and the photodetector module 200 includes components such as a SPAD for photodetection. By controlling the on / off states of the first switch, second switch, third switch, power switch, and power supply switch, the capacitor in the energy storage module is switched between charging and discharging states. In the charging state, the capacitor is charged using the supply voltage generated by the power module 100; in the discharging state, the capacitor discharges. At this time, the discharge voltage and the supply voltage generated by the power module 100 work together on the photodetector module 200, thereby achieving a voltage boost effect. The following is a detailed explanation of how this voltage boost is achieved.

[0082] First, the components included in the charge pump and the connection relationships between them are described in detail. It should be noted that, for ease of description, the following embodiments use a value of 5 for N as an example. However, it should be understood that the embodiments of this application do not specifically limit the value of N. (Refer to...) Figure 2 The charge pump provided in this embodiment includes five energy storage modules, each of which includes a first switch, a capacitor, and a second switch connected in series. Therefore, in Figure 2 The charge pump shown includes five capacitors (C1, C2, C3, C4, and C5), five first switches (S1, S5, S8, S11, and S14), and five second switches (S3, S6, S9, S12, and S15). One end of each of the five first switches is electrically connected to the power module 100, and the other end of each of the five second switches is grounded. The charge pump also includes a third switch for electrically connecting two adjacent capacitors, and power switches and supply switches related to the charging and discharging states of the capacitors. Figure 2 The charge pump shown includes four third switches: S4, S7, S10, and S13. S4 connects C1 and C2; S7 connects C2 and C3; S10 connects C3 and C4; and S13 connects C4 and C5. The five capacitors C1, C2, C3, C4, and C5, along with the five first switches S1, S5, S8, S11, and S14, the five second switches S3, S6, S9, S12, and S15, and the four third switches S4, S7, S10, and S13, form a power supply module. One end of the power supply module is one end of C1, and the other end is one end of C5. Specifically, the two ends of the third switches are connected to different electrodes of two adjacent capacitors; that is, one end of the third switch is electrically connected to the electrode corresponding to the upper plate of one capacitor, and the other end is electrically connected to the electrode corresponding to the lower plate of the other capacitor, thus enabling the series connection of two adjacent capacitors. (Refer to...) Figure 2 The charge pump provided in this application embodiment also includes a power switch S2 capable of connecting the power module 100 and the capacitor in series. One end of the power switch is electrically connected to the power module 100, and the other end of the power switch is electrically connected to the connection node of the capacitor and the second switch. Figure 2 The electrode corresponding to the lower plate of C1 is electrically connected. The charge pump provided in this embodiment also includes a power supply switch S16 that enables the capacitor and the photoelectric detection module 200 to be connected in series.

[0083] Next, the specific implementation of the voltage boosting operation by the charge pump equipped with the aforementioned components will be explained. It should be noted that the conduction states of the first switch, second switch, third switch, power switch, and supply switch can all be controlled by an external drive module of the charge pump. When the supply voltage is the preset first phase, such as... Figure 3A As shown, the drive module controls the conduction states of the first switch, second switch, third switch, power switch, and supply switch respectively, enabling the energy storage modules to be connected in parallel. At this time, the capacitors (including C1, C2, C3, C4, and C5) are charged according to the supply voltage VIN generated by the power module 100. When the supply voltage is the preset second phase, as... Figure 3BAs shown, the drive module controls the conduction states of the first switch, the second switch, the third switch, the power switch, and the supply switch respectively, so that the capacitors are connected in series in sequence, and the capacitors are connected in series with the photoelectric detection module 200. At this time, the voltage VOUT (i.e., the discharge signal) applied across the photoelectric detection module 200 is the superposition of the supply voltage and the discharge voltage of the five capacitors, that is, VOUT = VIN + 5VIN.

[0084] Table 1:

[0085]

[0086] Specifically, as shown in Table 1, by controlling the conduction states of the first switch, second switch, third switch, power switch, and supply switch respectively, a six-fold boost of the supply voltage is achieved. Furthermore, the charge pump provided in this embodiment, through the topology described above, enables the use of low-voltage capacitor structures that do not require high voltage withstand in integrated power solutions. This avoids the problem of flying capacitors needing to withstand high voltages during the operation of charge pumps in related technologies, thereby increasing capacitor density and reducing the chip area required for on-chip capacitor manufacturing. It is understood that in Figure 3A and Figure 3B The table only shows the switches that are in the closed state in Table 1.

[0087] Understandably, in small portable products, the lithium battery, which serves as the power module 100, experiences voltage degradation during use (approximately from 4.2V to 2.7V). As the supply voltage decreases, the boost factor of the charge pump with a fixed topology remains constant, causing the output voltage, which is determined by the topology, to fluctuate continuously. This leads to decreased efficiency, and even prevents the SPAD from functioning properly when the output voltage falls below the required value. Therefore, the inability to effectively handle the voltage drop caused by the lithium battery supply is one of the shortcomings of charge pump power supply schemes in related technologies.

[0088] Based on this, the charge pump provided in this application embodiment also includes a first multiplier adjustment switch and / or a second multiplier adjustment switch, so as to adjust the topology according to the change of the external lithium battery supply voltage, so as to dynamically adjust the boost factor under different supply voltages, thereby ensuring that the output voltage is within the required voltage range and that the SPAD can work normally even when the supply voltage changes significantly.

[0089] Reference Figure 4In some embodiments, the charge pump further includes at least two first multiplier adjustment switches. At least one of the first multiplier adjustment switches has one end electrically connected to the first end of the third sub-capacitor, and the other end of the first multiplier adjustment switch is electrically connected to the first end of the fourth sub-capacitor. At least one other first multiplier adjustment switch has one end electrically connected to the second end of the third sub-capacitor, and the other end of the first other first multiplier adjustment switch is electrically connected to the second end of the fourth sub-capacitor. The third sub-capacitor is any one of the N capacitors, and the fourth sub-capacitor is another capacitor among the N capacitors. The first multiplier adjustment switches are used to reduce the voltage value of the discharge signal.

[0090] It is understood that, in order to achieve other voltage boost ratios, the charge pump provided in this application embodiment also includes a first multiplier adjustment switch. For ease of explanation, an example is given where the charge pump includes two first multiplier adjustment switches. However, it should be understood that any scheme obtained by adaptively modifying the topology of the charge pump of this application due to changes in the number of first multiplier adjustment switches should also fall within the protection scope of this application. In the charge pump provided in this application embodiment, when the charge pump includes N energy storage modules, the charge pump can achieve an N+1 times voltage boost through the control strategy described in the above embodiments. When the supply voltage generated by the power supply module 100 changes, the boost ratio needs to be adaptively adjusted to adapt to the power supply requirements of the photoelectric detection module 200. For example, when the supply voltage increases, the boost ratio should be adaptively reduced. In this application embodiment, the reduction of the boost ratio is achieved through two first multiplier adjustment switches used to connect adjacent capacitors. Specifically, this application embodiment includes two first multiplier adjustment switches, S19 and S20, and the capacitors connected to the two first multiplier adjustment switches are the same. One of the first multiplier adjustment switches is electrically connected to the electrodes corresponding to the upper plates of two adjacent capacitors, and the other first multiplier adjustment switch is electrically connected to the electrodes corresponding to the lower plates of the same two capacitors. When these two first multiplier adjustment switches are closed, the two connected capacitors can be connected in parallel, thereby achieving the effect of reducing the boost factor.

[0091] For example, taking the third sub-capacitor as capacitor C4 and the fourth sub-capacitor as capacitor C5 as an example. The two ends of the first multiplier adjustment switch S19 are electrically connected to the electrodes corresponding to the upper plates of capacitor C4 and capacitor C5, respectively. The two ends of the first multiplier adjustment switch S18 are electrically connected to the electrodes corresponding to the lower plates of capacitor C4 and capacitor C5, respectively. Figure 5AAs shown, when the phase of the supply voltage is the preset first phase, the drive module controls the conduction states of the first switch, second switch, third switch, power switch, power supply switch, and first multiplier adjustment switch respectively, so that the energy storage modules are connected in parallel. At this time, the capacitors (including C1, C2, C3, C4, and C5) are charged according to the supply voltage VIN generated by the power module 100. When the phase of the supply voltage is the preset second phase, as... Figure 5B As shown, the drive module controls the conduction states of the first switch, the second switch, the third switch, the power switch, the supply switch, and the first multiplier adjustment switch respectively, so that capacitors C4 and C5 are connected in parallel, and the remaining capacitors (including capacitors C1, C2, and C3) are connected in series in sequence. The capacitors are connected in series with the photoelectric detection module 200. At this time, the voltage VOUT applied across the photoelectric detection module 200 is the sum of the supply voltage, the discharge voltage of the remaining capacitors, and the discharge voltage of capacitor C4 (or the discharge voltage of capacitor C5), that is, VOUT = VIN + 3VIN + VIN.

[0092] Table 2:

[0093]

[0094] Specifically, as shown in Table 2, by controlling the closed states of the first switch, second switch, third switch, power switch, supply switch, and first multiplier adjustment switch respectively, a five-fold voltage boost of the supply voltage is achieved. It can be understood that... Figure 5A and Figure 5B The table only shows the switches that are in the closed state in Table 2.

[0095] Table 3:

[0096]

[0097] It is understood that, in the charge pump topology including the first multiplier adjustment switch provided in the embodiments of this application, when the supply voltage decreases, the supply voltage can also be boosted by six times through the control strategy shown in Table 3. This will not be elaborated further in the embodiments of this application.

[0098] Reference Figure 6In some embodiments, the charge pump further includes at least two second-multiple adjustment switches. One end of at least one of the second-multiple adjustment switches is electrically connected to the first end of the fifth sub-capacitor, and the other end of at least one of the second-multiple adjustment switches is electrically connected to the first end of the sixth sub-capacitor. One end of at least another second-multiple adjustment switch is electrically connected to the second end of the seventh sub-capacitor, and at least another second-multiple adjustment switch is electrically connected to the second end of the eighth sub-capacitor. The fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth sub-capacitors are all any one of N capacitors. The second-multiple adjustment switches are used to reduce the voltage value of the discharge signal.

[0099] It is understood that, in order to achieve other voltage boost ratios, the charge pump provided in this application embodiment also includes a second voltage boost adjustment switch. For ease of explanation, an example is given where the charge pump includes two second voltage boost adjustment switches. However, it should be understood that when the number of second voltage boost adjustment switches changes, and adaptive modifications are made to the topology of the charge pump in this application, the adaptive modification scheme should also fall within the protection scope of this application. In the charge pump provided in this application embodiment, when the supply voltage generated by the power supply module 100 changes, the voltage boost ratio needs to be adaptively adjusted to adapt to the power supply requirements of the photoelectric detection module 200. For example, when the supply voltage increases, the voltage boost ratio should be adaptively reduced. In this application embodiment, the voltage boost ratio is reduced by two second voltage boost adjustment switches used to connect capacitors with spacing. Specifically, this application embodiment includes two second voltage boost adjustment switches, S17 and S18, and the two second voltage boost adjustment switches are connected to different capacitors. One of the first multiplier adjustment switches is electrically connected to the electrodes corresponding to the upper plates of two capacitors that are spaced apart, and the other second multiplier adjustment switch is electrically connected to the electrodes corresponding to the lower plates of two different capacitors that are spaced apart. When the two second multiplier adjustment switches are closed, the two connected capacitors can be connected in parallel respectively, thereby achieving the effect of reducing the boost factor.

[0100] For example, taking the seventh sub-capacitor as capacitor C2, the fifth sub-capacitor as capacitor C3, the sixth sub-capacitor as capacitor C4, and the eighth sub-capacitor as capacitor C5 as an example. The two ends of the second multiplier adjustment switch S18 are electrically connected to the electrodes corresponding to the upper plates of capacitor C3 and capacitor C5, respectively. The two ends of the second multiplier adjustment switch S17 are electrically connected to the electrodes corresponding to the lower plates of capacitor C2 and capacitor C4, respectively. Figure 7AAs shown, when the phase of the supply voltage is the preset first phase, the drive module controls the conduction states of the first switch, second switch, third switch, power switch, power supply switch, and second multiplier adjustment switch respectively, so that the energy storage modules are connected in parallel. At this time, the capacitors (including C1, C2, C3, C4, and C5) are charged according to the supply voltage VIN generated by the power module 100. When the phase of the supply voltage is the preset second phase, as... Figure 7B As shown, the drive module controls the conduction states of the first switch, the second switch, the third switch, the power switch, the supply switch, and the second multiplier adjustment switch respectively, so that capacitor C2 and capacitor C3 are connected in series to form a first series group, capacitor C4 and capacitor C5 are connected in series to form a second series group, and the first series group and the second series group are connected in parallel. At this time, the voltage VOUT applied across the photoelectric detection module 200 is the superposition of the supply voltage, the discharge voltage of capacitor C1, and the discharge voltage of the first series group (or the discharge voltage of the second series group), that is, VOUT = VIN + VIN + 2VIN.

[0101] Table 4:

[0102]

[0103]

[0104] Specifically, as shown in Table 4, by controlling the conduction states of the first switch, second switch, third switch, power switch, supply switch, and second multiplier adjustment switch respectively, a fourfold increase in the supply voltage is achieved. It can be understood that... Figure 7A and Figure 7B The table only shows the switches that are in the closed state in Table 4.

[0105] Table 5:

[0106]

[0107] It is understood that, in the charge pump topology including the second multiple adjustment switch provided in the embodiments of this application, when the supply voltage decreases, the supply voltage can also be boosted by six times through the control strategy shown in Table 5. This will not be elaborated further in the embodiments of this application.

[0108] Table 6:

[0109]

[0110] Table 7:

[0111]

[0112] Table 8:

[0113]

[0114] In a specific embodiment, when the charge pump provided in this application has a topology that includes both a first multiplier adjustment switch and a second multiplier adjustment switch, a six-fold boost effect on the supply voltage can be achieved through the control strategy shown in Table 6 above; a five-fold boost effect on the supply voltage can be achieved through the control strategy shown in Table 7 above; and a four-fold boost effect on the supply voltage can be achieved through the control strategy shown in Table 8 above.

[0115] Reference Figure 8 This application provides a voltage regulation system. The voltage regulation system includes a charge pump as described in any of the above embodiments, a phase control module 300, a mode selection module 400, and a drive module. The phase control module 300 generates a phase control signal. The mode selection module 400 is electrically connected to the power supply module 100 and generates a mode selection signal based on the supply voltage. The mode selection signal is used to select the voltage value of the discharge signal. One end of the drive module is electrically connected to the mode selection module 400, and the other end of the drive module is electrically connected to the following switches. The drive module is also electrically connected to the phase control module. The drive module controls the conduction state of the following switches based on the mode selection signal and the phase control signal: N first switches, N second switches, N-1 third switches, a power switch, a supply switch, at least two first multiplier adjustment switches, and at least two second multiplier adjustment switches.

[0116] Specifically, this application embodiment also provides a voltage regulation system capable of automatically adjusting the conduction states of N first switches, N second switches, N-1 third switches, a power switch, a power supply switch, at least two first multiplier adjustment switches, and at least two second multiplier adjustment switches according to the magnitude of the supply voltage generated by the power supply module 100. It can be understood that the phase control module 300 is a module that generates a phase control signal based on a clock signal. When the clock signal is a high-level signal, the phase control module 300 generates a phase control signal corresponding to a preset first phase; when the clock signal is a low-level signal, the phase control module 300 generates a phase control signal corresponding to a preset second phase. The mode selection module 400 determines how many times the voltage should be boosted based on the magnitude of the supply voltage and generates a corresponding mode selection signal. The drive module can control the corresponding switches to close or open according to the mode selection signal and the phase control signal, thereby achieving any one of six-fold, five-fold, or four-fold boost of the supply voltage, and thus enabling the selection of the discharge signal voltage value.

[0117] The specific implementation of this voltage regulation system is basically the same as the specific embodiment of the charge pump described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0118] In some embodiments, the mode selection module 400 includes a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, a first comparator U1, a second comparator U2, a reference power supply, and a mode selection unit. One end of the first resistor R1 is electrically connected to the power supply module 100; one end of the second resistor R2 is electrically connected to the other end of the first resistor R1; one end of the third resistor R3 is electrically connected to the other end of the second resistor R2, and the other end of the third resistor R3 is grounded; the non-inverting input of the first comparator U1 is electrically connected to the connection node of the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2; the non-inverting input of the second comparator U2 is electrically connected to the connection node of the second resistor R2 and the third resistor R3. The reference power supply is electrically connected to the inverting inputs of the first comparator U1 and the second comparator U2, respectively. The mode selection unit is electrically connected to the outputs of the second comparator U2 and the first comparator U1, respectively. Specifically, the supply voltage generated by the power module 100 is divided by a series-connected first resistor R1, second resistor R2, and third resistor R3, resulting in different voltage values ​​input to the first comparator U1 and the second comparator U2. The first comparator U1 compares the supply voltage divided by the first resistor R1 with the reference voltage VREF provided by the reference power supply, outputting a comparison result signal A0. The second comparator U2 compares the supply voltage divided by the first resistor R1 and second resistor R2 with the same reference voltage VREF, outputting a comparison result signal A1. The mode selection unit determines which of the three intervals (high, medium, and low) the current supply voltage value belongs to based on the comparison result signals A0 and A1. When it is determined to be in the high interval, the drive module controls the conduction state of the corresponding switch according to the corresponding phase control signal and the control strategy shown in Table 8, to achieve a four-fold boost of the supply voltage. When it is determined to be in the medium interval, the drive module controls the conduction state of the corresponding switch according to the corresponding phase control signal and the control strategy shown in Table 7, to achieve a five-fold boost of the supply voltage. When the low range is determined, the drive module controls the conduction state of the corresponding switch according to the corresponding phase control signal and the control strategy shown in Table 6, so as to achieve a six-fold boost of the supply voltage.

[0119] Reference Figure 9 This application also provides a voltage regulation method applied to a voltage regulation system as described in any of the above embodiments. The phase control signal includes a first sub-phase control signal corresponding to a preset first phase and a second sub-phase control signal corresponding to a preset second phase. The mode selection signal includes a first sub-mode selection signal. The voltage regulation method includes, but is not limited to, steps S901 to S906.

[0120] Step S901: The power module generates the power supply voltage;

[0121] Step S902: If the power supply voltage is less than the preset voltage range, the mode selection module generates the first sub-mode selection signal;

[0122] Step S903: The phase control module generates the first sub-phase control signal;

[0123] Step S904: The drive module performs the following operations according to the first sub-mode selection signal and the first sub-phase control signal: controls N first switch units to close, controls N second switch units to close, controls N-1 third switch units to open, controls the power switch to open, controls the power supply switch to open, controls at least two first multiple adjustment switch units to open, and controls at least two second multiple adjustment switch units to open.

[0124] Step S905: The phase control module generates a second sub-phase control signal according to a preset time.

[0125] Step S906: The drive module performs the following operations based on the first sub-mode selection signal and the second sub-phase control signal: controls N first switch units to open, controls N second switch units to open, controls N-1 third switch units to close, controls the power switch to close, controls the power supply switch to close, controls at least two first multiple adjustment switch units to open, and controls at least two second multiple adjustment switch units to open.

[0126] In steps S901 to S906 of some embodiments, a first sub-phase control signal corresponding to the first phase and a second sub-phase control signal corresponding to the second phase are preset. Assuming the first phase corresponds to a high level and the second phase corresponds to a low level, the preset time is used to characterize the time of the falling edge or rising edge, that is, the preset time is a clock signal, so that the phase control module cyclically generates the first sub-phase control signal and the second sub-phase control signal at preset time intervals. When the supply voltage is less than the preset voltage range, it is determined that the supply voltage is in the low range. At this time, the mode selection module generates the corresponding first sub-mode selection signal, so that the drive module controls the conduction state of N first switches, N second switches, N-1 third switches, power switches, power supply switches, at least two first multiplier adjustment switches, and at least two second multiplier adjustment switches according to the first sub-mode selection signal, the first sub-phase control signal (or the second sub-phase control signal), and the control strategy shown in Table 6, thereby realizing a six-fold boost of the supply voltage.

[0127] Reference Figure 10 In some embodiments, the mode selection signal includes a second sub-mode selection signal. The voltage regulation method also includes, but is not limited to, steps S1001 to S1003.

[0128] Step S1001: If the power supply voltage is within the preset voltage range, the mode selection module generates a second sub-mode selection signal;

[0129] Step S1002: The drive module performs the following operations according to the second sub-mode selection signal and the first sub-phase control signal: controls N first switch units to close, controls N second switch units to close, controls N-1 third switch units to open, controls the power switch to open, controls the power supply switch to open, controls at least two first multiple adjustment switch units to close, and controls at least two second multiple adjustment switch units to open.

[0130] Step S1003: The drive module performs the following operations according to the second sub-mode selection signal and the second sub-phase control signal: controls N first switch units to open, controls N second switch units to open, controls N-2 third switch units to close, controls the power switch to close, controls the power supply switch to close, controls at least two first multiple adjustment switch units to close, and controls at least two second multiple adjustment switch units to open.

[0131] In steps S1001 to S1003 of some embodiments, when the power supply voltage is within a preset voltage range, it is determined that the power supply voltage is in the middle range. At this time, the mode selection module generates a second sub-mode selection signal so that the drive module controls the conduction state of N first switches, N second switches, N-1 third switches, power switch, power supply switch, at least two first multiplier adjustment switches, and at least two second multiplier adjustment switches according to the second sub-mode selection signal, the first sub-phase control signal (or the second sub-phase control signal), and the control strategy shown in Table 7, thereby realizing a five-fold boost of the power supply voltage.

[0132] Reference Figure 11 In some embodiments, the mode selection signal includes a third sub-mode selection signal. The voltage regulation method also includes, but is not limited to, steps S1101 to S1103.

[0133] Step S1101: If the power supply voltage is greater than the preset voltage range, the mode selection module generates a third sub-mode selection signal;

[0134] Step S1102: The drive module performs the following operations based on the third sub-mode selection signal and the first sub-phase control signal: controls N first switch units to close, controls N second switch units to close, controls N-1 third switch units to open, controls the power switch to open, controls the power supply switch to open, controls at least two first multiple adjustment switch units to open, and controls at least two second multiple adjustment switch units to close.

[0135] Step S1103: The drive module performs the following operations based on the third sub-mode selection signal and the second sub-phase control signal: controls N first switch units to open, controls N second switch units to open, controls N-2 third switch units to close, controls the power switch to close, controls the power supply switch to close, controls at least two first multiple adjustment switch units to open, and controls at least two second multiple adjustment switch units to close.

[0136] In steps S1101 to S1103 of some embodiments, when the supply voltage is greater than the preset voltage range, it is determined that the supply voltage is in the high range. At this time, the mode selection module generates a corresponding third sub-mode selection signal so that the drive module controls the conduction state of N first switches, N second switches, N-1 third switches, power switch, supply switch, at least two first multiple adjustment switches, and at least two second multiple adjustment switches according to the third sub-mode selection signal, the first sub-phase control signal (or the second sub-phase control signal), and the control strategy shown in Table 8, thereby realizing a four-fold boost of the supply voltage.

[0137] As can be seen, the specific implementation method of this voltage regulation method is basically the same as the specific implementation of the voltage regulation system described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0138] The charge pump, voltage regulation system, and voltage regulation method provided in this application, through the topology corresponding to the charge pump and the control strategies shown in Tables 6 to 8, achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0139] First, for the on-chip power supply design of SPAD detection arrays in lidar systems, a series-parallel charge pump topology implementation scheme, different from the Dickson charge pump topology in related technologies, is proposed. The charge pump topology provided in this application can avoid the phenomenon that flying capacitors need to withstand high voltages during charge pump operation, thereby enabling the use of low-voltage capacitor structures that do not require high voltage withstand in the on-chip implementation of capacitors, thus increasing capacitor density and reducing the chip area required for on-chip capacitor manufacturing.

[0140] Secondly, the switching and control strategies have been added, and the topology of the charge pump in the relevant technology has been changed to obtain a higher boost conversion ratio. This allows the boost factor of the charge pump to be automatically adjusted when the supply voltage generated by the power module changes, thereby achieving adaptive SPAD array power supply and optimizing the efficiency of the power supply system.

[0141] Third, based on the proposed reconfigurable topology charge pump, each capacitor is fully utilized. In related technologies, when the boost factor is relatively low, the Dickson topology short-circuits or leaves the excess flying capacitors floating, preventing them from participating in the charge transport process. However, the topology proposed in this application, in order to fully utilize the excess capacitors even at relatively low boost factors, connects the excess capacitors in parallel with the capacitors involved in charge transport, thereby effectively increasing the capacitance value and achieving the goal of reducing output resistance and optimizing efficiency.

[0142] Fourth, the reconfigurable topology charge pump topology proposed in this application for providing bias to the SPAD array in lidar, compared with the boost scheme using off-chip Boost topology, not only makes it easier to achieve a boost voltage several times that of the power supply module, but also avoids the use of inductor components, reducing component costs while achieving higher integration and power density.

[0143] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Furthermore, the embodiments of the present invention and the features thereof can be combined with each other unless otherwise specified.

Claims

1. A charge pump, characterized in that, include: The power module is used to generate the supply voltage; There are N energy storage modules, each of which includes an energy storage unit, a first switching unit, and a second switching unit. One end of the first switching unit is electrically connected to the power module, and the other end of the first switching unit is electrically connected to the first end of the energy storage unit. The second end of the energy storage unit is electrically connected to one end of the second switching unit, and the other end of the second switching unit is grounded. N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 3. The energy storage unit includes a capacitor. N-1 third switching units, one end of which is electrically connected to the first end of the preceding energy storage unit, and the other end of which is electrically connected to the second end of the following energy storage unit; wherein, the N energy storage modules and the N-1 third switching units form an energy supply module; A power switch, one end of which is electrically connected to the power module, and the other end of which is electrically connected to one end of the power supply module; A power supply switch, one end of which is electrically connected to the other end of the energy supply module; wherein, the first switch unit, the second switch unit, the third switch unit, the power switch, and the power supply switch are used to control the energy storage unit to be in a charging state or a discharging state, so that the energy storage unit generates a discharge signal in the discharging state, and the voltage value of the discharge signal is N+1 times the voltage value of the power supply voltage; A photoelectric detection module, one end of which is electrically connected to the other end of the power supply switch, and the other end of which is grounded; wherein, the photoelectric detection module is used to perform photoelectric detection operation based on the discharge signal; The charge pump further includes: At least two first multiplier adjustment switch units are provided, at least one of which is electrically connected at one end to the first end of the third sub-energy storage unit, and the other end of which is electrically connected to the first end of the fourth sub-energy storage unit; at least one other of which is electrically connected at one end to the second end of the third sub-energy storage unit, and the other end of which is electrically connected to the second end of the fourth sub-energy storage unit; wherein the third sub-energy storage unit is any one of the N energy storage units, and the fourth sub-energy storage unit is any other energy storage unit among the N energy storage units, and the first multiplier adjustment switch units are used to reduce the voltage value of the discharge signal.

2. The charge pump according to claim 1, characterized in that, The charge pump also includes: At least two second-multiple adjustment switch units are provided. At least one end of the second-multiple adjustment switch unit is electrically connected to the first end of the fifth sub-energy storage unit, and the other end of the second-multiple adjustment switch unit is electrically connected to the first end of the sixth sub-energy storage unit. At least one end of the second-multiple adjustment switch unit is electrically connected to the second end of the seventh sub-energy storage unit, and the other end of the second-multiple adjustment switch unit is electrically connected to the second end of the eighth sub-energy storage unit. The fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth sub-energy storage units are all any one of the N energy storage units. The second-multiple adjustment switch is used to reduce the voltage value of the discharge signal.

3. The charge pump according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that, The energy storage unit includes a capacitor, one end of which is electrically connected to the first switching unit, and the other end of which is electrically connected to the second switching unit.

4. The charge pump according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that, The first switching unit, the second switching unit, the third switching unit, the power switch, and the power supply switch all include a switching transistor, which can be any one of the following: thyristor, transistor, field-effect transistor, or relay.

5. A voltage regulation system, characterized in that, include: The charge pump as described in any one of claims 2 to 4; A phase control module, which generates a phase control signal; A mode selection module is electrically connected to the power supply module. The mode selection module is used to generate a mode selection signal based on the power supply voltage. The mode selection signal is used to select the voltage value of the discharge signal. A driving module, one end of which is electrically connected to the mode selection module, and the other end of which is electrically connected to the following switches, and the driving module is also electrically connected to the phase control module. The driving module is used to control the conduction state of the following switches according to the mode selection signal and the phase control signal: N first switch units, N second switch units, N-1 third switch units, the power switch, the supply switch, at least two first multiple adjustment switch units, and at least two second multiple adjustment switch units.

6. The voltage regulation system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The mode selection module includes: A first resistor, one end of which is electrically connected to the power module; A second resistor, one end of which is electrically connected to the other end of the first resistor; A third resistor, one end of which is electrically connected to the other end of the second resistor, and the other end of which is grounded; The first comparator has its non-inverting input electrically connected to the connection node of the first resistor and the second resistor. The second comparator has its non-inverting input electrically connected to the connection node of the second resistor and the third resistor. A reference power supply is electrically connected to the inverting input of the first comparator and the inverting input of the second comparator, respectively. The mode selection unit is electrically connected to the output terminal of the second comparator and the output terminal of the first comparator, respectively.

7. A voltage regulation method, characterized in that, Applied to the voltage regulation system as described in claim 5 or 6, the phase control signal includes a first sub-phase control signal corresponding to a preset first phase and a second sub-phase control signal corresponding to a preset second phase; the mode selection signal includes a first sub-mode selection signal; The voltage regulation method includes: The power module generates the supply voltage; If the power supply voltage is less than the preset voltage range, the mode selection module generates the first sub-mode selection signal; The phase control module generates the first sub-phase control signal; The drive module performs the following operations based on the first sub-mode selection signal and the first sub-phase control signal: controlling N first switch units to close, controlling N second switch units to close, controlling N-1 third switch units to open, controlling the power switch to open, controlling the supply switch to open, controlling at least two first multiple adjustment switch units to open, and controlling at least two second multiple adjustment switch units to open. The phase control module generates the second sub-phase control signal according to a preset time; The drive module performs the following operations based on the first sub-mode selection signal and the second sub-phase control signal: controls N first switch units to open, controls N second switch units to open, controls N-1 third switch units to close, controls the power switch to close, controls the power supply switch to close, controls at least two first multiple adjustment switch units to open, and controls at least two second multiple adjustment switch units to open.

8. The voltage regulation method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The mode selection signal includes a second sub-mode selection signal; The voltage regulation method further includes: If the power supply voltage is within the preset voltage range, the mode selection module generates the second sub-mode selection signal; The drive module performs the following operations based on the second sub-mode selection signal and the first sub-phase control signal: controlling N first switch units to close, controlling N second switch units to close, controlling N-1 third switch units to open, controlling the power switch to open, controlling the power supply switch to open, controlling at least two first multiple adjustment switch units to close, and controlling at least two second multiple adjustment switch units to open. The drive module performs the following operations according to the second sub-mode selection signal and the second sub-phase control signal: controls N first switch units to open, controls N second switch units to open, controls N-2 third switch units to close, controls the power switch to close, controls the power supply switch to close, controls at least two first multiplier adjustment switch units to close, and controls at least two second multiplier adjustment switch units to open.

9. The voltage regulation method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The mode selection signal includes a third sub-mode selection signal; The voltage regulation method further includes: If the power supply voltage is greater than the preset voltage range, the mode selection module generates the third sub-mode selection signal; The drive module performs the following operations based on the third sub-mode selection signal and the first sub-phase control signal: controlling N first switch units to close, controlling N second switch units to close, controlling N-1 third switch units to open, controlling the power switch to open, controlling the power supply switch to open, controlling at least two first multiple adjustment switch units to open, and controlling at least two second multiple adjustment switch units to close. The drive module performs the following operations based on the third sub-mode selection signal and the second sub-phase control signal: controls N first switch units to open, controls N second switch units to open, controls N-2 third switch units to close, controls the power switch to close, controls the power supply switch to close, controls at least two first multiplier adjustment switch units to open, and controls at least two second multiplier adjustment switch units to close.

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