Suspension, backrest and seat layout

Abstract

The invention relates to a suspension device (FV) for a backrest (1) for assisting an adjustment movement, comprising at least one spring element (3.1) with a base (3.4) and two ends (3.2, 3.3) which in particular protrude from the base (3.4), a support element (3.7) with a guide opening (3.8) and a counter-support element (3.5) with a receptacle (3.6), wherein the first end (3.2) is arranged in the receptacle (3.6) and is mounted movably in a first direction (R1) relative to the counter-support element (3.5), and wherein the second end (3.3) is arranged in the guide opening (3.8) and is mounted movably in a second direction (R2) relative to the support element (3.7). The invention also relates to a backrest (1) and a seat device (SA).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a suspension device for a backrest for assisting an adjustment movement. The invention also relates to a backrest for a seat arrangement, in particular a vehicle seat arrangement. The invention also relates to a seat arrangement, in particular a vehicle seat arrangement, having at least one seat part and a backrest of this type. Background Art

[0002] Backrests that are movably arranged on a seat component or on a plurality of seat components are known from the prior art. Rear seat arrangements comprise, for example, a movable backrest or a plurality of movable and fixed backrests. For example, movable backrests are known in rear seat arrangements, by folding the backrests to enlarge the trunk space. In view of the increasing demand for vehicles with improved seating systems for managing the trunk space in combination with the passenger capacity while maintaining or reducing the overall size, weight and cost of the vehicle, it is desirable to provide seats or seat rows or seat benches with reduced complexity, increased trunk capacity and increased flexibility when using the available trunk space.

[0003] Rear seat systems in vehicles typically include a seat component having a generally horizontal seat portion and a generally vertical backrest portion that are pivotally connected. Such rear seat systems often provide a variety of pivoting, hinge, locking, sliding, and connecting mechanisms between the seat and backrest portions and between the seat and vehicle floor so that the seat and backrest portions can be folded together in a variety of orientations to increase the storage capacity of the vehicle when the rear seats are not occupied. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the invention is to specify a novel suspension device for a backrest for assisting the adjustment movement. Another object of the invention is to specify a backrest for a seat arrangement, a seat row or a seat bench for a vehicle which is improved with respect to the prior art and is also simplified, has a reduced number of components and is cost-effective. Furthermore, the object of the invention is to specify a seat arrangement for a vehicle having at least one seat part and a backrest.

[0005] With regard to the suspension device, this object is achieved according to the invention by the features described herein.With regard to the backrest, this object is achieved according to the invention by the features described herein.With regard to the seat arrangement, this object is achieved according to the invention by the features described herein.

[0006] The suspension device of the backrest for assisting the adjustment movement comprises at least one spring element with a base and two ends which in particular protrude from the base, a supporting element with a guide opening and a counter-supporting element with a receptacle, wherein the first end is arranged in the receptacle and is mounted movably in a first direction relative to the counter-supporting element, and wherein the second end is arranged in the guide opening and is mounted movably in a second direction relative to the supporting element.

[0007] Advantages achieved with the present invention are to provide a suspension arrangement which is simple, has a reduced number of parts and is cost-effective, and which can be easily pre-assembled or final assembled with only a few installation steps and can be integrated into new or already existing seat systems.

[0008] Furthermore, the suspension device according to the invention is designed in such a way that for the spring-assisted movement of the backrest, the spring element can be easily tensioned, in particular pre-tensioned. In particular, the spring element, the support element and the counter-support element form a preassembled or preassembled unit, in which the spring element is in a relaxed state. For the spring arrangement, in particular tensioning, in particular pre-tensioning, the spring element is sufficient to move the spring element at one end relative to the other end, in particular pre-tension it.

[0009] Since the spring element is mounted movably in different directions at its ends, at least two pretensioning forces can be generated to assist the adjustment movement of the backrest. In this case, the tensioning, in particular the pretensioning, is generated by changing the torque of the spring element. For the tensioning, in particular the pretensioning, of the spring element, one end can be moved relative to the other end and relative to the corresponding support element in such a way that a torque is generated at the moving end, which is absorbed by the other end.

[0010] In another embodiment, the first direction in which the first end is movable and the second direction in which the second end is movable are different from each other. For example, the first end is accommodated in the accommodation in a form-fitting manner in a direction perpendicular to the first direction to absorb torques on the second end. If the second end is moved in the second direction, in particular along the guide opening of the support element, this movement is released by the first end being moved in the first direction.

[0011] For example, the spring element is arranged in a first pretensioning state in such a way that the backrest is subjected to a first pretensioning tension and moves from a substantially vertical and / or rearwardly inclined comfort position in the direction of the vehicle floor. For example, the first pretensioning force is used to accelerate the adjustment movement of the backrest. In this case, the backrest is moved by the first pretensioning force into a starting state of the spring element, in particular a relaxed inoperative position and / or a zero position of the spring element. If the backrest reaches the starting state of the spring arrangement, in particular the starting state of the spring element, the weight of the backrest begins to act, so that the spring element leaves its starting state and is tensioned again, in particular pretensioned. As a result, the spring element acts as a braking element and / or a damping element. The spring element generates a second pretensioning force and acts in opposition to the weight of the backrest. The spring arrangement is configured to provide two suspension functions. The spring arrangement is designed as a multifunctional module. The spring arrangement is designed as a combined acceleration unit and damping unit.

[0012] The suspension arrangement enables double suspension and spring-assisted movement of the backrest.

[0013] In another embodiment, the first end is mounted pivotably in a first direction, for example in the direction of the lateral extension and / or the vertical extension of the counter-bearing element, in the receiving portion.

[0014] In another embodiment, the second end portion is mounted displaceably along the guide opening in a second direction of the support element, for example a vertical extension direction.

[0015] In another embodiment, in a starting state of the spring arrangement, in particular an inoperative state, an inoperative position and / or a zero state, a zero position, the spring element is arranged in a guide opening of the support element in such a way that the second end is arranged at a first angle relative to the support element, for example relative to a vertical extension direction or a corresponding vertical axis.

[0016] In another embodiment, in the tensioned, in particular pretensioned, state of the spring arrangement, the spring element is arranged in the guide opening in such a way that the second end is arranged at a second angle relative to the support element that is different from the first angle. This generates a torque that is absorbed by the other end or the counter-support element.

[0017] In another embodiment, the suspension device comprises at least one adapter. The spring arrangement is movably mounted on the adapter. The spring arrangement is connected to the adapter. The adapter has at least one guide into which the second end of the spring element can be introduced or has been introduced. For example, the adapter is a central support element. The adapter is, for example, arranged on and / or in the vehicle structure. For example, the adapter forms a support part fixed to the vehicle. The adapter can also be fixed to the seat frame and / or the vehicle body, for example to the vehicle floor or chassis. The adapter is, for example, box-shaped and welded to the seat frame and / or the vehicle structure. The adapter is, for example, formed by interconnected sheet metal parts and / or profile parts. The adapter can be arranged or has been arranged outside the backrest.

[0018] According to the invention, the object is also achieved by a backrest for a seat arrangement, such as a seat row or a seat bench, in particular a rear seat arrangement, wherein the backrest comprises at least one backrest support structure and a suspension device according to the above description, wherein a preassembled spring arrangement is integrated in the backrest support structure, wherein the backrest support structure is spring-assisted by means of the suspension device, for example in two directions. A preassembled spring arrangement is understood to mean in particular a separate mounting unit or construction unit, which comprises all components preassembled with one another of the spring arrangement. In this way, the spring arrangement can be prepositioned and mounted as a whole on the backrest support structure.

[0019] The spring arrangement is arranged as a preassembled unit or a separate mounting unit, in particular inserted or insertable, in a recess of the backrest support structure. The recess is here formed in the backrest support structure, in particular in a lower frame part, for example in a lower transverse rod. The spring arrangement is finally mounted in the recess of the backrest support structure.

[0020] The backrest is fastened movably, in particular pivotably, to the seat part and / or the vehicle floor adapter and / or the body structure adapter together with an integrated spring arrangement as a mounting unit.

[0021] The backrest support structure is, for example, a backrest frame. The backrest support structure comprises, for example, at least one upper frame part, a lower frame part and two side frame parts connecting them. For example, the frame parts are designed as bars or rods. For example, at least the upper frame part and / or the lower frame part have a substantially U-shaped design. The lower frame part has a recess and / or an opening for receiving the spring arrangement.

[0022] The spring arrangement is integrated in the lower transverse bar.

[0023] The advantages achieved by the invention are in particular that a backrest of this type with an integrated spring arrangement can be easily transported and installed. Furthermore, additional fastening elements or components which are fixedly connected to the backrest support structure for holding the suspension system on the backrest support structure can be omitted. As a result, comfort is also not impaired and no additional construction space is required. The spring arrangement is connected to the backrest support structure in a form-fitting and / or force-fitting and / or integrally connected manner. The spring arrangement is accommodated in the recess, for example, in a force-fitting and / or form-fitting manner. The spring arrangement is thus inserted into the recess and finally assembled.

[0024] The spring arrangement comprises at least one compensation spring.

[0025] The integrated spring arrangement is arranged in and / or on the backrest support structure in such a way that in the non-installed state of the backrest, for example in the pre-assembled state or transport state of the backrest, the spring arrangement is held loosely in and / or on the backrest support structure. Only when installed together with a seat arrangement, for example a seat part or an adapter, does the spring arrangement enter an active state, in particular a pre-tensioned state. In other words: when the backrest is not installed, the suspension function of the spring arrangement is passive. The spring elements of the spring arrangement, in particular the backrest compensation springs, are hereby held loosely in the backrest support structure. During and / or after the installation of the backrest, the suspension function is activated and the spring elements of the spring arrangement, in particular the backrest compensation springs, are tensioned or pre-tensioned.

[0026] The backrest support structure can be adjusted from one of the comfort positions, such as a sitting and / or travel position, to a loading surface position with the assistance of springs by means of an integrated spring arrangement after release. The release is effected, for example, by means of a manual or remote release. The backrest support structure can be adjusted twice between the above-mentioned positions with the assistance of springs. A first spring assistance causes the backrest to move forwards, i.e. in the direction of the vehicle floor or the seat surface, from the design position and / or the comfort position tilted backwards, in particular to accelerate the movement or adjustment of the backrest. The second spring assistance acts opposite to the body weight or gravity of the backrest. This avoids a hard impact or a hard return of the seat components. The spring arrangement is configured to damp or brake, in particular to delay a movement, in particular an adjustment, of the backrest support structure, i.e. the backrest.

[0027] In another embodiment, the spring arrangement is configured in such a way that its suspension function acts in two directions. In the state in which the backrest is mounted on the seat arrangement, for example on a seat part and / or an adapter, the spring element remains tensioned or pre-tensioned. In this case, the spring arrangement is further tensioned, for example during adjustment of the backrest in a first adjustment direction, for example from a seating position to a rear comfort position. The tensioned spring arrangement will attempt to reset itself, thus generating a restoring moment for resetting the backrest and, if the backrest is adjusted or is intended to be adjusted from the rear comfort position back to the seating position and / or the loading floor position, the spring arrangement thus acts as a restoring spring.

[0028] Furthermore, during adjustment of the backrest in a second adjustment direction, in particular in a direction opposite to the first adjustment direction, the spring arrangement can be further tensioned, for example from a seating position to a loading surface position. The tensioned spring arrangement will again attempt to reset itself, thus generating a restoring moment for resetting the backrest, wherein the spring force now acts in opposition to the gravity force and dampens or delays the adjustment movement of the backrest shortly before the backrest reaches the seat surface.

[0029] During adjustment of the backrest in the second adjustment direction, the spring element is relaxed until the spring element reaches the relaxed state and the adjustment movement of the backrest is accelerated. In the relaxed state of the spring element, the loading surface position is not yet fully occupied. For example, when the backrest reaches an intermediate position before the seating position, the spring element is in the relaxed state.

[0030] Subsequently, the backrest can be moved further, in particular can be tensioned further, against its elastic force. As a result, the spring element acts as a damping element or a deceleration element. The tensioned spring arrangement will again attempt to reset, thus generating a restoring moment for resetting the backrest. For example, the backrest is not locked in the loading surface position. The restoring moment of the spring element acts, for example, counter to the weight force of the backrest.

[0031] The spring element is, for example, a spring leg or a torsion bar spring.

[0032] The counter-bearing element forms a counter-bearing with a bearing element having a guide opening. The bearing element additionally serves, for example, as a covering element. In a state where the spring arrangement is mounted in the backrest support structure, the opening for introducing the spring arrangement into the recess of the backrest support structure is covered by the bearing element or the covering element. The counter-bearing element is connected to one of the free ends. For example, the counter-bearing element is inserted on the free end, for example pressed or pushed on said end. In other words: the free end of the spring element is inserted or fitted into the recess of the counter-bearing element and is connected to the bearing element in a force-fit and / or form-fit manner.

[0033] The support element is designed as a profile cover. The end is guided through a guide opening. The guide opening is curved or in the form of a curve.

[0034] The suspension device can also be used for different vehicle parts to be moved, such as a headrest. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0036] Figure 1 A backrest is schematically shown in a perspective view with an integrated spring arrangement of the backrest support structure and the suspension device,

[0037] Figure 2 Schematically shows a preassembled spring arrangement of a suspension device, comprising a spring element, a support element and a covering element,

[0038] Figure 3 A spring arrangement arranged in a backrest support structure and the installation of the spring arrangement of the backrest support structure are schematically shown in a perspective view,

[0039] Figures 4A to 4E The installation of the backrest on the seat arrangement is schematically shown in a side view.

[0040] Figures 5A to 5E The mounting of the backrest on the adapter of the seat arrangement is schematically shown in a side view.

[0041] Figure 6 An embodiment of a spring arrangement of a suspension device is schematically shown in cross section, and

[0042] Figure 7 The movement sequence of the spring arrangement of the suspension device is shown schematically.

[0043] Throughout the drawings, mutually corresponding parts are denoted by the same reference numerals. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] Figure 1 A backrest 1 with a backrest support structure 2 and an integrated spring arrangement 3 is shown schematically in a perspective view.

[0045] The following will use three mutually perpendicular spatial directions to describe Figure 4A Schematically illustrated is a vehicle seat S in FIG. 1 . When the vehicle seat S is installed in a vehicle, the longitudinal direction X extends substantially horizontally and preferably parallel to the vehicle longitudinal direction, which corresponds to the normal driving direction of the vehicle. The transverse direction Y extending perpendicularly to the longitudinal direction X is likewise oriented horizontally in the vehicle and extends parallel to the vehicle transverse direction. The vertical direction Z extends perpendicularly to the longitudinal direction X and perpendicularly to the transverse direction Y. For the vehicle seat S installed in a vehicle, the vertical direction Z preferably extends parallel to the vehicle vertical axis.

[0046] The position specifications and direction specifications used (e.g., front, rear, upper, and lower) relate to the viewing direction of a passenger sitting in a normal seating position in a vehicle seat S, wherein the vehicle seat S is installed in a vehicle and oriented in a use position suitable for passenger transportation, with an upright backrest 1, and conventionally in the direction of travel. However, the vehicle seat S can also be installed or moved in a different orientation, for example transversely to the direction of travel.

[0047] Seat arrangement SA (eg vehicle seat S (see Figures 4A to 4E ), a seat row or a bench, in particular a rear seat arrangement) comprises at least one backrest support structure 2, wherein a preassembled spring arrangement 3 can be used to adjust the backrest support structure 3 by spring assistance, for example in two adjustment directions X1, X2 (such as Figures 4A to 5E shown).

[0048] The spring arrangement 3 is arranged as a preassembled unit VE in the recess 2.1 of the backrest support structure 2. The preassembled unit VE comprises at least one spring element 3.1, a support element 3.7 and a counter-support element 3.5. The spring element 3.1, the support element 3.7 and the counter-support element 3.5 are connected to each other, in particular preassembled.

[0049] The preassembled spring arrangement 3 is part of a suspension device FV. The suspension device FV for the backrest 1 is designed to assist the adjustment movement of the backrest 1. The suspension device FV therefore comprises a spring element 3.1 with a base body 3.4 and two ends 3.2, 3.3 which in particular protrude from said base body 3.4, a bearing element 3.7 with a guide opening 3.8 and a counter-bearing element 3.5 with a receptacle 3.6.

[0050] The backrest 1 together with the integrated spring arrangement 3 is movably fastened as a mounting unit to the seat part 4 (see Figures 4A to 4E ) and / or adapter 5 (see Figures 5A to 5E ), for example for connection to a vehicle floor.

[0051] The backrest support structure 2 is, for example, a backrest frame. The backrest support structure 2 comprises an upper frame part (not specifically shown), a lower frame part 2.2 and two side frame parts 2.3. The two side frame parts 2.3 connect the upper frame part and the lower frame part 2.3 and together form the backrest frame. For example, the frame parts 2.2, 2.3 are in the form of rods or bars. At least the upper frame part 2.2 has, for example, a roughly U-shaped design. The lower frame part 2.2 comprises, for example, a steel profile or an aluminum profile. The lower frame part 2.2 is formed, for example, from a profiled metal sheet.

[0052] The lower frame part 2.2 has a recess 2.1 for accommodating the spring arrangement 3. In particular, the spring arrangement 3 is integrated in the lower frame part 2.2. The recess is, for example, a cavity, an opening, a gap, etc. The lower frame part 2.2 is, for example, designed in the form of a square profile. The support element 3.7 and the counter-support element 3.5 have a shape corresponding to the profile of the frame part 2.2.

[0053] The spring arrangement 3 comprises a spring element 3.1, for example a so-called compensation spring, in particular a torsion bar spring. The spring element 3.1 has two free ends 3.2, 3.3. In one embodiment, the free end 3.2, which is arranged, for example, in the frame part 2.2 in the installed state, is a straight-running end. The opposite free end 3.3 in the installed state at least in the region outside the recess 2.1 of the frame part 2.2 protrudes at an angle α from the straight-running base 3.4 of the spring element 3. For example, the end 3.3 protrudes from the base 3.4 essentially vertically (with respect to the transverse extension direction) and is oriented downward (with respect to the longitudinal extension direction). The end 3.3 is in the form of a bent end. In particular, the end 3.3 is bent in such a way that, in the installed state, it extends in the lower frame part 2.2 in a forwardly bent manner.

[0054] The counter-bearing element 3.5 is designed, for example, in the form of a bearing bushing. The counter-bearing element 3.5 comprises at least one receptacle 3.6 in which the spring element 3.1 is fixed. The counter-bearing element 3.5 is connected to one free end 3.2. For example, the counter-bearing element 3.5 is inserted into the free end 3.2, for example pressed or pushed onto the end 3.2. For example, the free end 3.2 is introduced into the receptacle 3.6 and clamped or clamped therein in a force-fit and / or form-fit manner. In other words: the free end 3.2 of the spring element 3.1 can be fixed in the receptacle 3.6 of the counter-bearing element 3.5 in the longitudinal direction X and connected to the counter-bearing element 3.5 in a force-fit and / or form-fit manner. The receptacle 3.6 is, for example, a recess or a groove. In the preassembled state, for example in the region of the end 3.2, the spring element 3.1 is arranged at the upper end 3.6.1 of the receptacle 3.6.

[0055] The support element 3.7 is furthermore in the form of a covering element, in particular a profile covering. In the state in which the spring arrangement 3 is installed in the backrest support structure 2, the support element 3.7 covers the recess 2.1, for example a lateral introduction opening of the recess 2.1.

[0056] The bent end 3.3 is movably mounted on a support element 3.7, in particular held in a guided manner on said support element. The support element 3.7 comprises a guide opening 3.8, in particular a sliding guide, through which the bent end 3.3 is guided. The guide opening 3.8 has a curved profile. The guide opening 3.8 has, for example, a substantially L-shaped, C-shaped or J-shaped guide track or guide curve. In the pre-assembled state of the spring arrangement 3, the spring element 3.1 is arranged at an upper end 3.8.1 of the guide opening 3.8.

[0057] The counter-bearing element 3.5 forms a counter-bearing for the bearing element 3.7.

[0058] The counter-bearing element 3.5 and the bearing element 3.7 are plastic parts. For example, the counter-bearing element 3.5 and the bearing element 3.7 are formed from plastic, such as a plastic material.

[0059] Figure 2 A preassembled spring arrangement 3 of a suspension device FV is schematically shown, comprising a spring element 3.1, a counter-bearing element 3.5 and a bearing element 3.7. The spring element 3.1 is arranged between the counter-bearing element 3.5 and the bearing element 3.7 and is fixed to them. The free end 3.2 of the spring element 3.1 is arranged in a receptacle 3.6 of the counter-bearing element 3.5 and is connected to the counter-bearing element 3.5 in a force-fitting and / or form-fitting manner at least in the longitudinal direction X. The bent end 3.3 is movably mounted, in particular held in a guided manner, on the bearing element 3.7. The bent end 3.3 is guided through a guide opening 3.8 of the bearing element 3.7 and is movably mounted in said bearing element.

[0060] For example, the spring element 3.1 has two ends 3.2, 3.3 protruding vertically from the base 3.4. In particular, the first end 3.2 is arranged in the receiving portion 3.6 and is movably mounted in the first direction R1 relative to the counter-supporting element 3.5. In addition, the second end 3.3 is arranged in the guide opening 3.8 and is movably mounted in the second direction R2 relative to the supporting element 3.7.

[0061] In the starting state shown of the spring arrangement 3, the spring element 3.1 is arranged in the guide opening 3.8 of the support element 3.7 in such a way that the second end 3.3 is arranged at a first angle α relative to the vertical extension axis of the support element 3.7, wherein for prestressing the spring element 3.1, the second end 3.3 can be moved in a direction opposite to the orientation of the first angle α. In the prestressed state of the spring arrangement 3, the spring element 3.1 is arranged in the guide opening 3.8 in such a way that the second end 3.3 is arranged at a second angle β relative to the support element 3.7 that is different from the first angle α.

[0062] The preassembled spring arrangement 3 is arranged in and / or on the backrest support structure 2 in such a way that in the unmounted state of the backrest 1, the spring arrangement 3 is held in a relaxed state in and / or on the backrest support structure 2. The spring arrangement 3 only enters an active state, in particular a prestressed state, when a seat arrangement SA (e.g. a seat part 4 or an adapter 5) is installed. In other words: in the unmounted state of the backrest 1, the suspension function of the spring arrangement 3 is passive. In this case, the spring element 3.1 of the spring element 3 is held in a relaxed state in the backrest support structure 2. During and / or after mounting the backrest 1 including the spring arrangement 3 on the seat part 4 or the adapter 5, the suspension function is activated and the spring element 3.1 is tensioned or prestressed. The spring arrangement 3 only enters an active state, in particular a prestressed state, when a seat arrangement SA (e.g. a seat part 4 or an adapter 5) is installed. In other words: in the unmounted state of the backrest 1, the suspension function of the spring arrangement 3 is passive. In this case, the spring element 3.1 of the spring arrangement 3 remains in a relaxed state in the backrest support structure 2. During and / or after mounting the backrest 1 including the spring arrangement 3 on the seat part 4 or the adapter 5, the suspension function is activated and the spring element 3.1 is tensioned or pretensioned.

[0063] Figure 3 The installation of the preassembled spring arrangement 3 and the backrest support structure 2 is shown schematically in a perspective view.

[0064] For mounting the preassembled spring arrangement 3 and backrest support structure 2, the spring arrangement 3 is passed transversely through the recess 2.1 and introduced into the lower frame part 2.2. The direction of introduction is indicated by the arrow PF1.

[0065] In another embodiment, the spring arrangement 3 is configured in such a way that its suspension function and / or restoring function acts in two directions, in particular Figures 4A to 5E The spring arrangement 3.1 is tensioned in the adjustment directions X1, X2 shown. For example, during a movement (in particular an adjustment) of the backrest 1 or the backrest support structure 2 relative to the seat part 4 and / or the adapter 5 and / or the vehicle floor, the direction of action changes. For example, the adapter 5 is arranged on the seat part 4. The adapter 5 can also be arranged on the vehicle floor. In the state in which the backrest 1 is mounted on the seat arrangement SA, the spring arrangement 3.1 remains in a tensioned state. In this case, the spring arrangement 3 is further tensioned, for example during an adjustment of the backrest 1 in the first adjustment direction X1, for example from a sitting position PD (such as Figure 4C , 5C to the rear comfortable position P4 (as shown) Figure 5D , 4DThe tensioned spring arrangement 3 will try to reset itself from the rear comfort position P4, thereby generating a reset torque for resetting the backrest 1, and if the backrest 1 moves backward from the rear comfort position P4 to the seating position PD, the spring arrangement 3 acts as a reset spring.

[0066] Furthermore, during adjustment of the backrest 1 in the second adjustment direction X2, in particular in a direction opposite to the first adjustment direction X1, the spring arrangement 3 can be further tensioned, for example from the seating position PD to the loading surface position P5 (eg Figure 4E , 5E When the backrest 1 is released to adjust it from the seating position PD to the loading surface position P5, the tensioned spring arrangement 3 will attempt to reset itself, thereby generating a restoring moment for resetting the backrest 1. By means of the restoring force of the spring element 3.1, the backrest 1 can be automatically adjusted to the intermediate position P2 (as shown) in an accelerated manner in the direction of the loading surface position P5. Figure 4B , 5B ). In other words: during adjustment of the backrest 1 in the second adjustment direction X2, the spring element 3.1 is first relaxed until the backrest 1 reaches the intermediate position P2, so that it is subsequently tensioned further beyond the intermediate position P2 during further adjustment of the backrest 1. That is, in the intermediate position P2, the spring arrangement 3 reaches its starting state, for example its restoring position or zero position. As a result, damping forces and / or braking forces are generated. In the loading surface position P5, the backrest 1 is, for example, not locked. The restoring moment of the spring element 3.1 acts opposite to the weight of the backrest 1.

[0067] Figures 4A to 4E The backrest 1 is schematically shown in a side view mounted on a seat arrangement SA with a seat part 4. The seat part 4 is, for example, a seat frame. The backrest 1 is mounted with a mounted, in particular integrated, spring arrangement 3 and optionally also with a backrest cushion. The seat part 4 is cushion-free. The seat part 4 is provided with a cushion only after the spring arrangement FV, i.e. the backrest 1, has been mounted on an adapter 5.

[0068] according to Figure 4A , the backrest 1 is first preassembled in a forwardly folded position P1 on the seat part 4. The position PD represents a design position, in particular a seating position or travel position. In the seating position PD, the backrest 1 is arranged essentially perpendicular to the seat part 4. In the installation position P1, the backrest 1 is folded forward by about 85° from the seating position PD, for example. The spring element 3.1 is held in the relaxed state in the backrest support structure 2. During the preassembly of the backrest 1 on the seat part 4, the spring element 3.1 is pre-positioned in the guide 5.1, as FIG. 5A to FIG. 5E As shown, the adapter 5 is arranged, for example, in the region of the seat part 4 or the vehicle floor.

[0069] Subsequently, according to arrow PF2, the backrest 1 is folded or adjusted from the installation position P1 toward the seating position PD to the intermediate position P2. Figure 4B As shown. In the intermediate position P2, the backrest 1 is adjusted from the installation position P1 in the direction of the seating position PD by, for example, approximately 20° to 60°, for example, 50°. The spring element 3.1 remains relaxed. By folding the backrest 1 from the installation position P1 to the intermediate position P2, the spring element 3.1 is further introduced into the guide 5.1 of the adapter 5. The spring element 3.1 remains relaxed.

[0070] Subsequently, according to arrow PF3 , the backrest 1 is folded or adjusted from the intermediate position P2 in the direction of the seating position PD into the final installation position P3 .

[0071] In the final installation position P3 of the backrest 1 (eg Figure 4C As shown in FIG. 1 , the spring element 3.1 is completely arranged in the guide 5.1 of the adapter 5 and is rotatably mounted therein. In the process of moving from the intermediate position P2 to the final mounting position P3 (corresponding to the seated position PD), the spring element 3.1 is arranged in the guide 5.1 of the adapter 5 and is rotatably mounted therein. Figure 5C 4. The spring element 3.1 is rotated according to the arrow PF4 in FIG. As a result, the spring element 3.1 is tensioned, in particular pre-tensioned. The spring element 3.1 is rotated, for example, by about 50° relative to its starting position and is in a stretched state. The spring arrangement 3 is finally assembled and tensioned, in particular held in a pre-tensioned state on the seat arrangement SA, in particular on the adapter 5. The final installation position P3 corresponds, for example, to a seating position PD, in which the backrest 1 is folded back, for example, by 25° relative to the vertical axis.

[0072] In such Figure 4D In the comfort position P4 shown, the backrest 1 has been adjusted or folded back in the adjustment direction X1 from the seating position PD, for example 7°, and the backrest 1 remains locked by a locking unit (not shown in detail), for example by an adjustable screw mechanism. The spring element 3.1 is tensioned here, for example, by approximately +57°.

[0073] exist Figure 4EIn the loading surface position P5 (e.g. storage position) of the backrest 1 shown, the backrest 1 is arranged essentially horizontally on the seat part 4, and the adjustment of the backrest 1 is delayed by the spring arrangement 3, in particular the pre-tensioned spring element 3.1. When the backrest 1 is released for adjusting the backrest 1 from the seating position PD to the loading surface position P5, the tensioned spring arrangement 3 will attempt to reset itself, thereby generating a restoring moment for resetting the backrest 1. The backrest 1 can be automatically adjusted to the intermediate position P2 in an accelerated manner in the direction of the loading surface position P5 by the restoring force of the spring element 3.1. In other words: during the adjustment of the backrest 1 in the second adjustment direction X2, the spring element 3.1 is first relaxed until the backrest 1 reaches the intermediate position P2, so that it is subsequently further tensioned beyond the intermediate position P2 during the further adjustment of the backrest 1. As a result, a damping force and / or a braking force is generated. For example, the backrest 1 is adjusted or folded forward from the seating position PD in the adjustment direction X2 in the loading surface position P5 by approximately 105°. The spring element 3 . 1 is tensioned here, for example, by approximately −55°.

[0074] The above-mentioned angle details should be understood as examples only, to facilitate a better understanding. The angle details may vary depending on the configuration of the backrest 1 and / or the seat arrangement SA and / or depending on the vehicle characteristics or the like.

[0075] In an alternative embodiment, the backrest 1 can be locked in the loading surface position P5. For example, a backrest accessory not specifically shown can be provided with a locking system. When the backrest 1 in the loading surface position P5 is released, the backrest 1 can be automatically raised in the direction of the intermediate position P2, for example by the restoring torque of the spring element 3.1, and can be grasped more easily by the user, for example.

[0076] Figures 5A to 5E The mounting of the backrest 1 on the adapter 5 of the seat arrangement SA is shown schematically in a side view. Figure 5A The backrest 1 is shown in the installation position P1 , Figure 5B The backrest 1 is shown in a middle installation position P2, Figure 5C The backrest 1 is shown in the final installation position P3, Figure 5D The backrest 1 is shown in a comfort position P4, Figure 5E The backrest 1 is shown in a loading surface position P5. In the loading surface position P5, the spring element 3.1, in particular the second end 3.3, is arranged in the lower end 3.8.2 of the guide opening 3.8. The second end 3.3 is in contact with an inner surface (e.g. a contact surface) of the retaining element 5.5, with which the second end 3.3 is in contact. The retaining element 5.5 or the inner surface defines a further movement path of the second end 3.3. For example, the retaining element 5.5 or the inner surface forms a stop.

[0077] The adapter 5 comprises an upwardly open guide 5.1. The adapter 5 comprises a first inner contact point 5.2 along which the spring element 3.1, in particular its bent end 3.3, is guided. The adapter 5 has a gap 5.3 for arranging the base element 1.1 of the backrest 1, wherein the backrest 1 can surround the base element 1.1 in the adjustment directions X1, X2. The base element 1.1 is, for example, a bearing element, a support element or a support rod, which forms a bearing point or a support point, in particular a pivot point, of the backrest 1.

[0078] In the mounting position P1 , the base element 1 .1 is inserted into the gap 5 .3. The backrest 1 is aligned with the adapter 5. From the mounting position P1 , the backrest 1 is pivoted relative to the adapter 5 in an intermediate position P2 about the rotation axis defined by the base element 1 .1 .

[0079] Starting from the intermediate position P2, during the further pivoting of the backrest 1, the spring element 3.1 is introduced into the guide 5.1 and moves downward along the guide 5.1. The spring element 3.1 is moved downward along the guide 5.1 by the support element 3.7, in particular pressed. In the process, the bent end 3.3 comes into contact with a first inner contact point 5.2 and a second contact point 5.4 formed on the guide 5.1. The spring element 3.1 is supported on the two contact points 5.2, 5.4. Subsequently, the backrest 1 is adjusted from the intermediate position P2 to the final installation position P3, in which the support element 3.7 comes into contact with the spring element 3.1 through the upper end 3.8.1 of its guide opening 3.8 and moves further downward along the guide 5.1 with the spring element 3.1.

[0080] In the final installation position P3, the bent end 3.3 of the spring element 3.1 is arranged and held in a tensioned state in the region of the lower closed end of the guide 5.1.

[0081] In order to fix the backrest 1 to the adapter 5, in particular to fix the spring device 3 and the base element 1.1 to the adapter 5, the adapter 5 comprises a retaining element 5.5, which is designed, for example, as a clamping element, a gripping element or a clip element or is referred to as a hose clamp. The retaining element 5.5 is inserted into the adapter 5 from above. The retaining element 5.5 comprises a guide surface 5.6 for contacting and guiding the bent end 3.3 of the spring element 3.1. The retaining element 5.5 and the adapter 5 are connected to each other by a fastening element 6, such as a screw element, a hook element, a clip element, a rivet element or an adhesive element.

[0082] During adjustment of the backrest 1 in the adjustment direction X1 (into the comfort position P4), the bent end 3.3 moves further downward along the guide 5.1 and the additional sliding guide formed by the contact points 5.2, 5.4 and the guide surface 5.6, and the spring element 3.1 is tensioned. As a result, the adjustment movement of the backrest 1 is damped and / or delayed.

[0083] During adjustment of the backrest 1 in the adjustment direction X2 (into the loading surface position P5), the bent end 3.3 moves upwards along the guide 5.1 and the additional sliding guide until the end 3.3 strikes the retaining element 5.5. Subsequently, the end 3.3 is movable along the guide opening 3.8. As a result, the adjustment movement of the backrest 1 is damped and / or delayed. When the loading surface position P5 is occupied, for example, the spring element 3.1 is tensioned.

[0084] Figure 6 A cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a spring device 3 of a suspension device FV is schematically shown. Figure 3 As shown. The first end 3.2 of the spring element 3.1 is formed to protrude substantially vertically from the base 3.4. If the second end 3.3 moves in the second direction R2 along the guide opening 3.8, the first end 3.3 pivots in the first direction R1. At the outer end of the accommodation portion 3.6, for example, a stopper 7 can be arranged, for example in the form of a clamping element, a holding element or a blocking element. The stopper 7 is designed to prevent the first end 3.2 from sliding out too far. If the second end 3.3 is, for example, arranged in the lower end 3.8.2 of the guide opening 3.8, the first end 3.2 contacts the stopper 7 and is blocked. Alternatively or optionally additionally, the accommodation portion 3.6 on the spring introduction side includes a stopper 7, for example in the form of a clamping element, a holding element or a blocking element. The stopper 7, for example, prevents the first end 3.2 from sliding out. During disassembly of the spring arrangement 3, the spring arrangement 3 is pulled out on one side of the support element 3.7, while the counter-support element 3.5 can be pulled by the contact of the first end 3.2 against the stop 7. This simplifies disassembly.

[0085] Figure 7 The movement sequence of the spring arrangement 3 of the suspension device FV is shown schematically. Figure 7 The pivoting of the first end 3.2 in the housing 3.6 along the first direction R1 is shown according to the displacement of the second end 3.3 in the second direction R2 along the guide opening 3.8. In particular, the first end 3.2 is pivoted in the transverse extension direction relative to the counter-support element 3.5. In a refinement, the first end 3.2 can be designed as a straight extension end on the base 3.4. The second end 3.3 is displaced in the vertical extension direction of the support element 3.7, in particular guided along the guide opening 3.8. The pretensioning of the spring element 3.1 can be generated by the pivoting of the second end 3.3 and by changing the direction of the angle of the second end 3.3, the torque being absorbed by the first end 3.2. During the change of the angle of the second end 3.2, the first end 3.2 is held in the housing 3.6.

[0086] List of reference symbols

[0087] 1 Backrest

[0088] 1.1 Base components

[0089] 2 Backrest support structure

[0090] 2.1 Concave

[0091] 2.2, 2.3 Frame components

[0092] 3 Spring arrangement

[0093] 3.1 Spring element

[0094] 3.2, 3.3 end

[0095] 3.4 Matrix

[0096] 3.5 Counter-supporting elements

[0097] 3.6 Accommodation

[0098] 3.6.1 End

[0099] 3.7 Support elements

[0100] 3.8 Guide opening

[0101] 3.8.1, 3.8.2 end

[0102] 4 Seat components

[0103] 5 Adapter

[0104] 5.1 Guide

[0105] 5.2 Contact Points

[0106] 5.3 Clearance

[0107] 5.4 Contact Points

[0108] 5.5 Retaining elements

[0109] 5.6 Guiding Surface

[0110] 6 Fastening elements

[0111] 7 Stopper

[0112] FV Suspension

[0113] PD Position, such as design position, seated position, driving position

[0114] P1 Position, e.g. installation position

[0115] P2 Middle position

[0116] P3 Final installation position

[0117] P4 Comfort position

[0118] P5 Loading surface position

[0119] PF1-PF4 Arrow

[0120] R1, R2 direction

[0121] S Vehicle Seat

[0122] SA Seat Layout

[0123] VE pre-assembled units

[0124] X vertical direction

[0125] X1, X2 adjustment direction

[0126] Y horizontal direction

[0127] Z vertical direction

[0128] α, β angle

Claims

1. A suspension device (FV) for a backrest (1), the suspension device being used to assist adjustment movements, the suspension device (FV) comprising at least: a spring arrangement (3) comprising a spring element (3.1) having a base body (3.4) and two ends (3.2, 3.3), - a support element (3.7) having a guide opening (3.8), and - a counter-bearing element (3.5) having a receptacle (3.6), -in, The first end (3.2) of the two ends (3.2, 3.3) is arranged in a receiving portion (3.6) and is mounted movably in a first direction (R1) relative to the counter-support element (3.5), and -in, The second end (3.3) of the two ends (3.2, 3.3) is arranged in the guide opening (3.8) and is mounted movably in a second direction (R2) relative to the support element (3.7), The suspension device further comprises at least one adapter (5), wherein the spring arrangement (3) is movably mounted on the adapter (5), wherein the adapter (5) has at least one guide (5.1) into which the second end (3.3) of the spring element (3.1) can be introduced or has been introduced.

2. Suspension device (FV) according to claim 1, wherein: The spring element (3.1), the support element (3.7) and the counter-support element (3.5) form a preassembled or preassembled unit (VE), wherein the spring element (3.1) is in a relaxed state.

3. A suspension device (FV) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: The first direction (R1) and the second direction (R2) are different from each other.

4. Suspension device (FV) according to claim 1 or 2, - wherein the first end portion (3.2) is pivotably mounted in the housing portion (3.6) in a first direction (R1), and -in, The second end portion (3.3) is mounted displaceably in a second direction (R2) along the guide opening (3.8).

5. Suspension device (FV) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: In the starting state of the spring arrangement (3), the spring element (3.1) is arranged in a guide opening (3.8) of the support element (3.7) such that the second end (3.3) is arranged at a first angle (α) relative to the support element (3.7).

6. Suspension device (FV) according to claim 5, wherein: In the prestressed state of the spring arrangement (3), the spring element (3.1) is arranged in the guide opening (3.8) such that the second end (3.3) is arranged at a second angle (β) different from the first angle (α) relative to the support element (3.7).

7. Suspension device (FV) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the two end portions (3.2, 3.3) protrude from the base body (3.4).

8. A backrest (1) for a seating arrangement (SA), comprising at least one backrest support structure (2) and a suspension arrangement (FV) according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 7.

9. The backrest (1) according to claim 8, wherein: The backrest support structure (2) has at least one recess (2.1) in which a spring arrangement (3) of a suspension device (FV) can be arranged or is arranged.

10. A seat arrangement (SA) for a vehicle, comprising at least one seat part (4) and a backrest (1) which is pivotable relative to the seat part (4), the backrest (1) being according to any one of claims 8 and 9.

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