A new type of tunnel seismic isolation device for near-faults

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of underground tunnel engineering, and particularly relates to a novel tunnel shock insulation device for a near fault, which comprises a plurality of tunnel walls, a plurality of the tunnel walls are connected through joint shock insulation rubber ring pads, each of the tunnel walls is provided with an outside shock insulation rubber ring pad, fixed end platforms are arranged in the two tunnel walls of a head part and a tail part, shock insulation end platforms are arranged in the tunnel walls of a middle part, the fixed end platforms and the shock insulation end platforms are overlapped, the shock insulation end platforms are connected through shock insulation end connecting platforms, the fixed end platforms and the shock insulation end connecting platforms can move in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction relative to the shock insulation end platforms, when transverse, longitudinal or vertical earthquakes occur, the fixed end platforms and the shock insulation end connecting platforms can move in the horizontal and vertical directions relative to each other, the movement of the joint shock insulation rubber ring pads and the outside shock insulation rubber ring pads is not hindered, the safety of the underground tunnel can be effectively protected, and the traffic passing can be effectively ensured.

Description

A novel tunnel seismic isolation device for near-fault applications Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of underground tunnel engineering technology, and specifically to a novel tunnel seismic isolation device for use near faults. Background Technology

[0002] Buildings and bridges equipped with rubber seismic isolation bearings can effectively reduce seismic forces and protect the superstructure during earthquakes. Underground tunnels are vital transportation lifelines, involving huge investments. Damage in an earthquake not only causes enormous economic losses but also increases casualties due to the disruption of transportation routes, hindering the timely delivery of relief supplies to earthquake zones, especially in areas near fault lines where earthquake damage may be even greater. Seismic isolation technology can be used to protect tunnels, but this requires adding a stable, robust layer around the tunnel as a support point between the bearings, significantly increasing construction costs. To mitigate earthquake damage to tunnels, particularly those near faults, a seismic isolation device specifically designed for tunnels, particularly adaptable to the vertical displacement characteristics near faults, is needed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a novel tunnel seismic isolation device suitable for near-fault earthquakes and capable of adapting to constant vertical displacement differences in underground tunnel engineering. This device can adapt to constant displacement differences caused by near-field earthquakes and has functions such as high vertical bearing capacity and mitigation of horizontal earthquakes, which can effectively protect the safety of underground tunnel engineering.

[0004] This invention achieves this objective through the following technical solution:

[0005] A novel tunnel seismic isolation device for near-fault applications includes several tunnel walls connected by joint seismic isolation rubber gaskets. Each tunnel wall is surrounded by an outer seismic isolation rubber gasket. Fixed end platforms are located inside the first and last two tunnel walls, and a seismic isolation end platform is located inside the middle tunnel wall. The fixed end platforms overlap with the seismic isolation end platforms, and the seismic isolation end platforms are connected to each other via seismic isolation end connecting platforms. Both the fixed end platforms and the seismic isolation end connecting platforms can move relative to the seismic isolation end platforms in both horizontal and vertical directions.

[0006] Furthermore, the isolation end platform is provided with an overlapping surface.

[0007] Furthermore, the fixed end platform includes a fixed platform plate and an overlapping plate, which are rotatably connected. The fixed platform plate is fixedly installed inside the tunnel wall at the head or tail end, and the overlapping plate overlaps the overlapping surface of the adjacent seismic isolation end platform.

[0008] Preferably, the fixed platform plate and the mounting plate are connected by a pin.

[0009] Furthermore, a spring is fitted onto the pin.

[0010] Furthermore, the seismic isolation end connection platform includes a middle platform plate, a left lap plate, and a right lap plate. The inner ends of the left lap plate and the right lap plate are rotatably disposed on both sides of the middle platform plate, and the outer ends of the left lap plate and the right lap plate overlap the overlapping surface of the adjacent seismic isolation end platform.

[0011] Furthermore, the intermediate platform is also provided with vertical plates, which are connected to the end faces of the isolation end platforms on both sides.

[0012] Furthermore, return springs are provided on both sides of the vertical plate, and the two ends of the return springs are connected to the end faces of the vertical plate and the vibration isolation end platform respectively through return spring supports.

[0013] Furthermore, the outer vibration isolation rubber ring pad includes an outer rubber layer, a middle steel plate layer, and an inner rubber layer.

[0014] Furthermore, the joint vibration isolation rubber ring includes an inner steel plate, an inner rubber, and a sealing steel plate. The inner rubber is disposed on both sides of the inner steel plate, and the sealing steel plate is disposed on the outer side of the inner rubber.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0016] The seismic isolation device for near-fault locations of this invention, when an earthquake occurs in the tunnel strata along the longitudinal horizontal direction of the tunnel, causes shear deformation of the outer seismic isolation rubber ring and tensile deformation of the joint seismic isolation rubber ring along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel. Because the fixed-end platform and the joint platform of the seismic isolation end are floated and overlapped with the seismic isolation end platform, they can move horizontally relative to the seismic isolation end platform. Therefore, the fixed-end platform and the joint platform of the seismic isolation end can smoothly undergo a certain displacement along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel. On the one hand, this does not hinder the deformation of the outer seismic isolation rubber ring and the joint seismic isolation rubber ring; on the other hand, it does not cause traffic interruption within the tunnel, thus mitigating the impact of tunnel earthquakes without disrupting traffic. When a near-field earthquake occurs in the tunnel strata along the vertical displacement direction, the joint seismic isolation rubber ring will undergo shear deformation, and the adjacent tunnel walls will also undergo corresponding vertical displacement deformation. Because the fixed-end platform and the joint platform of the seismic isolation end can move vertically relative to the seismic isolation end platform, they will move with the displacement between the adjacent tunnel walls, without hindering the free displacement deformation of the entire structure. Overall, this device can protect the safety of the tunnel structure. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the seismic isolation device for near-fault applications of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 is a side view of Figure 1.

[0019] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of Figure 1.

[0020] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the outer isolation rubber ring pad in Figure 1.

[0021] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the joint isolation rubber ring pad in Figure 1.

[0022] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the fixed-end platform in Figure 1.

[0023] Figure 7 is a structural schematic diagram of the seismic isolation end platform in Figure 1.

[0024] Figure 8 is a structural schematic diagram of the seismic isolation end joint platform in Figure 1. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0026] Example 1.

[0027] As shown in Figures 1-3, this embodiment provides a novel tunnel isolation device for near-fault applications, comprising several tunnel walls 3 connected by joint isolation rubber gaskets 2. Each tunnel wall 3 is provided with an outer isolation rubber gasket 1. Fixed end platforms 4 are provided inside the first and last two tunnel walls 3, and isolation end platforms 5 are provided inside the middle tunnel wall 3. The fixed end platforms 4 overlap with the isolation end platforms 5, and the isolation end platforms 5 are connected to each other by isolation end connecting platforms 6. Both the fixed end platforms 4 and the isolation end connecting platforms 6 can move relative to the isolation end platforms 5 in the horizontal and vertical directions.

[0028] The specific installation of the seismic isolation device for near-fault areas according to the present invention is as follows: First, a fixed-end tunnel is constructed, that is, an outer seismic isolation rubber ring 1 is wrapped around the outside of the tunnel wall 3, and a fixed-end platform 4 is placed inside the tunnel wall 3 and securely connected to the tunnel wall 3; then, a joint seismic isolation rubber ring 2 is connected to the end of the tunnel wall 3, and the two are securely connected with bolts; along the longitudinal direction, the seismic isolation rubber ring 2 is bolted to the tunnel wall 3 with the outer seismic isolation rubber ring 1 wrapped around it, and the seismic isolation platform 5 is placed into the tunnel wall 3 and securely connected to it. At this time, the fixed-end platform 4... One end is connected to one end of the isolation end platform 5, and the other end of the isolation end platform 5 is connected to the isolation end joint platform 6. In this order, the joint isolation rubber pad 2, the tunnel pipe wall 3 with the outer isolation rubber pad 1 are connected in the longitudinal direction, and then the isolation end platform 5 and the isolation end joint platform 6 are placed in. This process is called the installation of a standard isolation section. The installation of multiple standard isolation sections is repeated until the section near the fault is crossed. Then the joint isolation rubber pad 2 and the tunnel pipe wall 3 with the outer isolation rubber pad 1 are connected, and the fixed end platform 4 is placed in, thus completing the installation of the entire system.

[0029] The seismic isolation device for near-faults of the present invention, when an earthquake occurs in the tunnel strata along the longitudinal horizontal direction of the tunnel, the outer seismic isolation rubber ring 1 undergoes shear deformation, and the joint seismic isolation rubber ring 2 undergoes tensile deformation along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel. Since the fixed end platform 4 and the seismic isolation end joint platform 6 are floated and overlapped with the seismic isolation end platform 5, they can move horizontally relative to the seismic isolation end platform 5. Therefore, the fixed end platform 4 and the seismic isolation end joint platform 6 can smoothly undergo a certain displacement along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel. On the one hand, it will not hinder the deformation of the outer seismic isolation rubber ring 1 and the joint seismic isolation rubber ring 2, and on the other hand, it will not cause the interruption of traffic in the tunnel. It can play the role of mitigating tunnel earthquakes without interrupting traffic. When a near-field earthquake occurs in the tunnel strata, causing displacement along the vertical direction, the joint isolation rubber ring 2 will undergo shear deformation, and the adjacent tunnel walls 3 will also undergo corresponding vertical displacement deformation. Since the fixed end platform 4 and the isolation end joint platform 6 can move vertically relative to the isolation end platform 5, the fixed end platform 4 and the isolation end joint platform 6 will move with the displacement between the adjacent tunnel walls 3, without hindering the free displacement deformation of the entire structure. As a whole, it can play a role in protecting the safety of the tunnel structure.

[0030] As shown in Figures 6-7, the seismic isolation end platform 5 is provided with an overlapping surface 51. The fixed end platform 4 includes a fixed platform plate 41 and an overlapping plate 42. The fixed platform plate 41 and the overlapping plate 42 are rotatably connected by a pin 43. The fixed platform plate 41 is fixedly installed inside the tunnel wall 3 at the beginning or end. The overlapping plate 42 overlaps on the overlapping surface 51 of the adjacent seismic isolation end platform 5. When a horizontal earthquake occurs, the fixed end platform 4 can smoothly undergo a certain displacement along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel. When a vertical earthquake occurs, the overlapping plate 42 can rotate up and down relative to the fixed platform plate 41, which can ensure that the overlapping plate 42 and the seismic isolation end platform 5 always maintain an overlapping state, thus ensuring effective traffic passage.

[0031] The pin 43 is fitted with a spring 44, which allows the ramp 42 to slide horizontally relative to the fixed platform 41 during a horizontal earthquake, maintaining an effective connection with the seismic isolation platform 5 and ensuring safe traffic passage. After the earthquake, the ramp 42 can also return to its original position.

[0032] As shown in Figure 8, the isolation end connecting platform 6 includes a middle platform plate 61, a left lap plate 62, and a right lap plate 63. The inner ends of the left lap plate 62 and the right lap plate 63 are rotatably disposed on both sides of the middle platform plate 61. In this embodiment, the inner ends of the left lap plate 62 and the right lap plate 63 are connected to the middle platform plate 61 by pins, which can ensure that the left lap plate 62 and the right lap plate 63 can rotate up and down relative to the middle platform plate 61. The outer ends of the left lap plate 62 and the right lap plate 63 overlap on the overlapping surface 51 of the adjacent isolation end platform 5, and can move with the movement of the isolation end platform 5.

[0033] The intermediate platform plate 61 is also provided with a vertical plate 64, which is connected to the end faces of the two isolation end platforms 5 respectively. In this embodiment, return springs 65 are provided on both sides of the vertical plate 64, and the two ends of the return springs 65 are connected to the end faces of the vertical plate 64 and the isolation end platform 5 respectively through return spring supports 66.

[0034] The left and right ramps 62 and 63 are erected on the isolation platform 5. They can smoothly move along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel and rotate up and down with the misalignment of the isolation platform 5, always maintaining contact with the isolation platform 5. The return spring 65 ensures that the isolation platform 6 moves with the isolation platform 5, so that traffic inside the tunnel will not be interrupted when an earthquake occurs.

[0035] As shown in Figure 3, the outer seismic isolation rubber ring 1 includes an outer rubber layer 11, a middle steel plate layer 12, and an inner rubber layer 13. The middle steel plate 13 and the inner rubber layer 13 can be multi-layered, and the outer rubber layer 11 and the inner rubber layer 13 can be natural rubber or high-damping rubber. Due to the use of the steel plate and rubber lamination technology, the outer seismic isolation rubber ring 1 has a large vertical stiffness and vertical bearing capacity, which can bear the vertical load from the tunnel wall 3 and passing traffic vehicles. At the same time, its horizontal stiffness is low, which can reduce the seismic effect of earthquake on the tunnel by shear deformation when a horizontal earthquake occurs in the tunnel soil layer.

[0036] As shown in Figure 4, the joint isolation rubber ring 2 includes an inner steel plate 21, an inner rubber 22, and a sealing steel plate 23. The inner rubber 22 is disposed on both sides of the inner steel plate 21, and the sealing steel plate 23 is disposed on the outside of the inner rubber 22. The inner steel plate 21 and the inner rubber 22 can be multi-layered. The inner rubber 22 can be natural rubber or high-damping rubber. When a near-fault earthquake with vertical displacement occurs, because the joint isolation rubber ring 2 adopts the technology of laminated steel plate and laminated rubber, its shear stiffness is small, and it can generate displacement to meet the needs of external constant vertical displacement difference, which can effectively protect the safety of underground tunnels.

[0037] Those skilled in the art should understand that the discussion of any of the above embodiments is merely exemplary and is not intended to imply that the scope of this disclosure (including the claims) is limited to these examples; within the framework of this invention, technical features of the above embodiments or different embodiments can also be combined, and many other variations of different aspects of the invention as described above exist, which are not provided in detail for the sake of brevity. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this invention should be included within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A novel tunnel seismic isolation device for near-fault applications, characterized in that, The system includes several tunnel walls connected by joint vibration-damping rubber gaskets. Each tunnel wall has an outer vibration-damping rubber gasket. Fixed end platforms are installed inside the first and last tunnel walls, and a vibration-damping end platform is installed inside the middle tunnel wall. The fixed end platforms overlap with the vibration-damping end platforms, and the vibration-damping end platforms are connected to each other through vibration-damping end connecting platforms. Both the fixed end platforms and the vibration-damping end connecting platforms can move relative to the vibration-damping end platforms in the horizontal and vertical directions. The vibration-damping end platforms have overlapping surfaces. The fixed end platforms include a fixed platform plate and an overlapping plate, which are rotatably connected. The fixed platform plate is fixedly installed inside the first or last tunnel wall, and the overlapping plate overlaps the overlapping surface of the adjacent vibration-damping end platforms.

2. The novel tunnel seismic isolation device for near-fault tunnels as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The fixed platform plate and the mounting plate are connected by pins.

3. The novel tunnel seismic isolation device for near-fault tunnels as described in claim 2, characterized in that, A spring is fitted onto the pin.

4. The novel tunnel seismic isolation device for near-fault tunnels as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The seismic isolation end connection platform includes a middle platform plate, a left lap plate, and a right lap plate. The inner ends of the left lap plate and the right lap plate are rotatably disposed on both sides of the middle platform plate, and the outer ends of the left lap plate and the right lap plate overlap the overlapping surface of the adjacent seismic isolation end platform.

5. The novel tunnel seismic isolation device for near-fault tunnels as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The intermediate platform is also equipped with vertical plates, which are connected to the end faces of the seismic isolation end platforms on both sides.

6. The novel tunnel seismic isolation device for near-fault tunnels as described in claim 5, characterized in that, Return springs are provided on both sides of the vertical plate, and the two ends of the return springs are connected to the end faces of the vertical plate and the vibration isolation end platform respectively through return spring supports.

7. The novel tunnel seismic isolation device for near-fault tunnels as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The outer vibration isolation rubber ring includes an outer layer of rubber, a middle layer of steel plate, and an inner layer of rubber.

8. The novel tunnel seismic isolation device for near-fault tunnels as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The joint vibration isolation rubber ring includes an inner steel plate, an inner rubber, and a sealing steel plate. The inner rubber is disposed on both sides of the inner steel plate, and the sealing steel plate is disposed on the outer side of the inner rubber.

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