Railway operating line overhead construction structure and construction method

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of overhead construction technology, and more specifically discloses an overhead construction structure and method for railway operating lines, including a line pre-tightening device. The line pre-tightening device includes a device housing, a line placement cavity at the bottom of the device housing, a connecting sleeve fixedly connected to the top of the device housing, a fastening ring groove at the top of the connecting sleeve, and a pressure placement cavity at the bottom of the fastening ring groove inside the device housing. This invention, by incorporating an automatic fastening device and a longitudinal pressure device, facilitates the generation of multi-point locking force using the tension of the line itself, preventing line retraction. It also reduces the operational difficulty for users, allowing the line conductor to automatically generate contraction force simply by being placed at the bottom of the tension sleeve. This reduces the operational difficulty of the device, increases the efficiency of high-altitude operations, reduces construction time, and minimizes the impact on normal railway operations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of overhead construction technology, and more specifically to an overhead construction structure and construction method for a railway operating line. Background Technology

[0002] Overhead lines refer to exposed overhead lines, erected above the ground. They are power transmission lines that use insulators to fix the transmission conductors to towers standing upright on the ground to transmit electrical energy. They are relatively easy to erect and maintain, and have lower costs. Overhead railway lines effectively reduce the proportion of farmland occupied while achieving the same conductivity.

[0003] Currently, the construction process for overhead railway lines includes line surveying, foundation construction, tower erection, line laying and stringing, conductor connection, line testing, and final acceptance inspection. Line laying and stringing refers to fixing one end of the overhead line to the top of the tower, and gradually tensioning the line at the other end using a take-up device fixed on the tower, so that the line rises from the ground to the designated position. Then, when the slack and tension of the line reach the standard, the two sides are bound and tightened to complete the line laying and stringing process.

[0004] During the stringing process, a traction device is often used for tensioning. One end of the line is fixed first, and the other end is raised to determine the approximate length to be used. Then, the conductor at one end of the line is fixed to the traction device. A protective belt is installed between the outer sleeve of the traction device and the line, and the traction device is installed outside the protective belt. The reciprocating motion of the operating lever on the traction device drives the ratchet and the slot to adjust the length of the steel wire inside the traction device, thereby gradually tensioning the line. After checking the various construction parameters, one end of the line is fixed to complete the stringing operation. This operation method, because the line is pre-erected, results in a smaller pulling distance during the tensioning process. The movement distance of the single fixed position within the traction device is sufficient for the operation requirements. However, the pre-installation process of the traction device is relatively complex. It requires the installation of the protective belt and the installation of fixing clips on the outside of the protective belt. The fixing clips also need to be fixed with bolts. Although bolt fixing does not affect the movement of a single point, it significantly increases the construction time for high-altitude operations, affecting railway operation. At the same time, manual high-altitude operations by workers pose certain safety hazards and are inefficient. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the present invention provides an overhead construction structure and construction method for railway operating lines to solve the problems existing in the background art.

[0006] The present invention provides the following technical solution: an overhead construction structure and construction method for a railway operating line, including a line pre-tensioning device, characterized in that the line pre-tensioning device includes a device shell, a line placement cavity is opened at the bottom of the device shell, a connecting sleeve is fixedly connected to the top of the device shell, a fastening ring groove is opened at the top of the connecting sleeve, a pressure sensor placement cavity is opened at the bottom of the fastening ring groove inside the device shell, a telescopic fixing groove is opened on one side of the top of the line placement cavity, a reciprocating telescopic rod is fixedly connected to one side of the telescopic fixing groove, a sliding fixing plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the reciprocating telescopic rod, and a reciprocating opening and closing device is fixedly connected to the bottom of the reciprocating telescopic rod at the bottom of the sliding fixing plate;

[0007] An automatic fastening device is movably connected to the other side of the wiring placement cavity. A longitudinal pressure device is movably connected to the top of the automatic fastening device. The automatic fastening device includes two tension sleeves. A side inclined plate is fixedly connected to the outer side of the top of the tension sleeves. Side inclined grooves are opened on the front and back of the top of the wiring placement cavity, and side inclined plates are installed in the side inclined grooves. Two longitudinal moving grooves are opened on the top of the tension sleeves, and a separation rod is fixedly connected inside the longitudinal moving grooves. The longitudinal pressure device includes a longitudinal pressure boosting rod. A longitudinal inclined block is fixedly connected to the top of the longitudinal pressure boosting rod. A groove is opened inside the longitudinal pressure boosting rod, and a longitudinal baffle is fixedly connected to the top of the groove. Two top inclined grooves are opened on the top of the wiring placement cavity.

[0008] The automatic fastening device is configured such that when the line is placed from the bottom of the line placement cavity and the longitudinal pressure device is pushed up, the separating rod disengages from the longitudinal baffle, and the side inclined plate drives the two side tension sleeves to move closer to each other under the action of the internal spring, so as to apply an initial fastening force to the line.

[0009] The longitudinal pressure device is configured such that when the clamped line moves to one side due to its own weight or tension, the longitudinal inclined block moves downward under the guidance of the top inclined groove, driving the longitudinal pressure rod to press down on the line to apply a secondary clamping force.

[0010] The sliding fixed plate and the reciprocating opening and closing device are configured such that the opening and closing sleeve of the reciprocating opening and closing device is driven by the reciprocating telescopic rod to reciprocate within the sliding groove of the sliding fixed plate, clamping the line at one end of the reciprocating stroke and releasing the line at the other end, so as to achieve unidirectional step-by-step tensioning.

[0011] Furthermore, the sliding fixing plate includes a fixed support plate, the top of the fixed support plate is provided with a sliding groove, a reciprocating control structure is fixedly connected to one side of the sliding groove, a center spring is fixedly connected inside the reciprocating control structure, the reciprocating opening and closing device includes an opening and closing sleeve, rotating rods are fixedly connected to both sides of the opening and closing sleeve, a connecting frame is fixedly connected to the top of the opening and closing sleeve, and a parallel inclined block is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting frame.

[0012] Furthermore, the sliding fixing plate includes a fixed support plate, the top of the fixed support plate is provided with a sliding groove, a reciprocating control structure is fixedly connected to one side of the sliding groove, a center spring is fixedly connected inside the reciprocating control structure, the reciprocating opening and closing device includes an opening and closing sleeve, rotating rods are fixedly connected to both sides of the opening and closing sleeve, a connecting frame is fixedly connected to the top of the opening and closing sleeve, and a parallel inclined block is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting frame.

[0013] Furthermore, a spring is installed on the top of the longitudinal inclined block, and the height of the longitudinal baffle is one-third of the height of the slot opened inside the longitudinal booster rod.

[0014] Furthermore, the top of the separating rod is provided with an inclined surface, the elastic sleeve is installed with a spring inside the side inclined plate, and the outer surface of the side inclined plate is provided with an inclined surface.

[0015] Furthermore, a transmission groove is provided on the other side of the telescopic fixing groove, and a control cavity is provided on the other side of the transmission groove. A pressure sensor is installed inside the pressure sensor placement cavity. The pressure sensor is fixedly connected to a fastening ring installed in the fastening ring groove. A hydraulic controller is installed inside the control cavity. The hydraulic controller is connected to the reciprocating telescopic rod through a pipeline installed in the transmission groove.

[0016] Furthermore, the reciprocating control structure is installed at the center of the side with the sliding groove on the top of the fixed support plate, and the height of the parallel inclined block is greater than half the depth of the sliding groove on the top of the fixed support plate.

[0017] The technical effects and advantages of this invention are as follows:

[0018] This invention, by incorporating an automatic fastening device and a longitudinal pressure device, facilitates the generation of multi-point locking force using the tension of the track itself, preventing track retraction. It also reduces the operational difficulty for users, allowing the track conductor to generate its own contraction force simply by placing it at the bottom of the tension sleeve. This reduces the operational difficulty of the device, increases the efficiency of high-altitude operations, reduces construction time, and minimizes the impact on normal railway operations.

[0019] This invention, by incorporating a sliding fixed plate and a reciprocating opening and closing device, facilitates the gradual tensioning of the line through the reciprocating motion of the telescopic rod. This solves the drawbacks of current manual tensioning operations at heights, which pose certain safety hazards and are not conducive to synchronous detection.

[0020] This invention, by providing a pressure sensor placement chamber and a control chamber, facilitates remote control by combining sensors and controllers, reduces the workload of on-site personnel, increases staff's attention to the on-site construction environment, and facilitates simultaneous detection of construction parameters.

[0021] The present invention, by providing a stopping device, facilitates the disassembly of the device at a high altitude, avoiding the drawback of existing bolt tightening, and reducing the overall operational difficulty of the device while achieving the same tightening effect. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a front view of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit pre-tightening device of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal pressure application device of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the automatic fastening device of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the reciprocating control structure of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the reciprocating opening and closing device of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of an overhead construction method for a railway operating line according to the present invention.

[0031] The attached figures are labeled as follows: 1. Line pre-tightening device; 101. Device housing; 102. Line placement cavity; 103. Connecting sleeve; 104. Fastening ring groove; 105. Pressure sensor placement cavity; 106. Control cavity; 107. Conducting groove; 108. Telescopic fixing groove; 109. Top inclined groove; 110. Stop groove; 111. Side inclined groove; 2. Automatic fastening device; 201. Tightening sleeve; 202. Stop control lever; 203. Longitudinal movement groove; 20 4. Separation rod; 205. Side inclined plate; 3. Longitudinal pressure device; 301. Longitudinal pressure boosting rod; 302. Longitudinal inclined block; 303. Longitudinal baffle; 4. Reciprocating telescopic rod; 5. Stop device; 501. Displacement box; 502. Control lever; 6. Sliding fixed plate; 601. Fixed support plate; 602. Reciprocating control structure; 603. Center spring; 7. Reciprocating opening and closing device; 701. Opening and closing sleeve; 702. Rotating rod; 703. Parallel inclined block. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In addition, the forms of the various structures described in the following embodiments are merely illustrative. The overhead construction structure and construction method for railway operating lines involved in the present invention are not limited to the structures described in the following embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] Reference Figure 1 and Figures 2-3 This invention provides an overhead construction structure and method for railway operating lines, including a track pre-tensioning device 1. The track pre-tensioning device 1 includes a device housing 101, a track placement cavity 102 at the bottom of the device housing 101, a connecting sleeve 103 fixedly connected to the top of the device housing 101, a fastening ring groove 104 at the top of the connecting sleeve 103, a pressure sensor placement cavity 105 at the bottom of the fastening ring groove 104 inside the device housing 101, a telescopic fixing groove 108 on one side of the top of the track placement cavity 102, a conduction groove 107 on the other side of the telescopic fixing groove 108, and a control cavity 106 on the other side of the conduction groove 107. The top of the track placement cavity 102... Side inclined grooves 111 are provided on the front and back sides. A stop groove 110 is provided on the top of the device housing 101 on the other side of the side inclined grooves 111. Two top inclined grooves 109 are provided on the top of the wiring placement cavity 102. An automatic fastening device 2 is movably connected to the other side of the wiring placement cavity 102. A longitudinal pressure device 3 is movably connected to the top of the automatic fastening device 2. A reciprocating telescopic rod 4 is fixedly connected to one side of the telescopic fixing groove 108. A stop device 5 is movably connected to the outside of the automatic fastening device 2 at the position of the stop groove 110. A sliding fixing plate 6 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the reciprocating telescopic rod 4. A reciprocating opening and closing device 7 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the reciprocating telescopic rod 4 at the bottom of the sliding fixing plate 6.

[0034] The automatic fastening device 2 includes two tension sleeves 201. A stop control rod 202 is fixedly connected to the front of the tension sleeve 201. Two longitudinal moving grooves 203 are opened on the top of the tension sleeve 201. A separation rod 204 is fixedly connected inside the longitudinal moving grooves 203. Side inclined plates 205 are fixedly connected to the top of both sides of the tension sleeve 201.

[0035] In this embodiment, it should be specifically noted that the main difference between this embodiment and the prior art is that this embodiment uses a combination of the reciprocating motion of the telescopic rod and the automatic clamping mechanism to achieve automatic tightening of the line, and at the same time, it is combined with a pressure sensor to achieve constant tightening force of the line. Specifically, it uses an automatic fastening device 2, a longitudinal pressure device 3, and a reciprocating opening and closing device 7.

[0036] The above structure is the main structure of this embodiment, which solves the problems that the current process of fixing the line during construction is too complicated, the manual reciprocating operation is too time-consuming, and the inconvenience of detecting the sag and pressure parameters of the line after construction affects the normal operation of the railway. The pressure sensor and fastening ring used inside the pressure sensor placement cavity 105 are existing structures. The specific structure and installation method of the pressure sensor and fastening ring are not described in detail in this embodiment. In addition, the method of controlling the hydraulic state by using the pressure magnitude of the hydraulic control box installed in the control cavity 106 is also existing technology. Therefore, this application does not provide a detailed explanation.

[0037] Reference Figures 4-7 The longitudinal pressure device 3 includes a longitudinal pressure boosting rod 301, a longitudinal inclined block 302 is fixedly connected to the top of the longitudinal pressure boosting rod 301, and a longitudinal baffle 303 is fixedly connected to the top inside the longitudinal pressure boosting rod 301. The stopping device 5 includes a displacement box 501, and an operating lever 502 is fixedly connected to the back of the displacement box 501.

[0038] In this embodiment, it should be specifically noted that: a spring is installed at the bottom of the longitudinal inclined block 302, which causes the longitudinal pressure boosting rod 301 to always have a downward tendency. The longitudinal inclined block 302 is installed inside the top inclined groove 109. When the longitudinal pressure applying device 3 moves to one side, the longitudinal pressure boosting rod 301 moves downward to increase the static friction at the top of the line. The height of the longitudinal baffle 303 is one-third of the height of the groove inside the longitudinal pressure boosting rod 301. When the tension sleeve 201 is closed, the bottom of the longitudinal pressure boosting rod 301 is flush with the surface of the line, and the spring is in a semi-compressed state, causing the longitudinal inclined block 302 to be at the top of the top inclined groove 109. During operation, the spring position... Pressure is applied to the longitudinal booster rod 301 at the bottom of the top inclined groove 109 in a fully compressed state. Under normal conditions, the spring is fully extended, and the bottom of the longitudinal booster rod 301 extends out of the bottom surface of the tension sleeve 201. A square groove is provided inside the displacement box 501. One end of the stop control rod 202 is fixed inside the square groove. The stop control rod 202 moves horizontally in a curved motion within the square groove. When the tension sleeve 201 is closed, the stop control rod 202 presses against the stop device 5 and has an outward tendency, so that when the stop device 5 is pressed after the tension sleeve 201 is closed, it has the effect of releasing the fixation. When the tension sleeve 201 is separated, pressing the stop device 5 has no function.

[0039] The top of the separating rod 204 is provided with a slope, which has a buffering effect when the longitudinal baffle 303 descends. The tension sleeve 201 is located inside the side slope 205 and a spring is installed. The spring makes the tension sleeve 201 tend to merge together under the action of the side slope 205. The outer surface of the side slope 205 is provided with a slope, which has the effect of generating a thrust on the spring under the action of line tension to increase the line fixing effect.

[0040] A pressure sensor is installed inside the pressure sensor placement cavity 105. The pressure sensor is fixedly connected to the fastening ring installed in the fastening ring groove 104. The pressure sensor monitors the tension of the line in real time during construction. A hydraulic controller is installed inside the control cavity 106. The controller is connected to the reciprocating telescopic rod 4 through the pipeline installed in the transmission groove 107.

[0041] Reference Figure 8 The sliding fixed plate 6 includes a fixed support plate 601. The top of the fixed support plate 601 is provided with a sliding groove. A reciprocating control structure 602 is fixedly connected to one side of the sliding groove. A center spring 603 is fixedly connected inside the reciprocating control structure 602. The reciprocating opening and closing device 7 includes an opening and closing sleeve 701. Rotating rods 702 are fixedly connected to both sides of the opening and closing sleeve 701. A connecting frame is fixedly connected to the top of the opening and closing sleeve 701. A parallel inclined block 703 is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting frame.

[0042] In this embodiment, it should be specifically explained that: the installation position of the reciprocating control structure 602 is located at the center of the side with the sliding groove on the top of the fixed support plate 601; the center spring 603 applies a force to the reciprocating control structure 602 towards the center when it is in the up or down state; the height of the parallel inclined block 703 is greater than half the depth of the sliding groove at the top of the fixed support plate 601; the parallel inclined block 703 has inclined surfaces at both the top and bottom, which enable the parallel inclined block 703 to have selectivity during reciprocating motion, so that the opening and closing sleeve 701 is in the open state when the top of the reciprocating control structure 602 moves, and the parallel inclined block 703 is in the closed state when the bottom of the fixed support plate 601 moves, while the reciprocating control structure 602 applies top pressure to it to increase the fixing effect.

[0043] Reference Figure 9 A method for overhead construction of a railway operating line, comprising the following steps:

[0044] Step S1: Pre-connection process, fix the fastening ring to the support frame on the concrete pole, and place one end of the power line into the line pre-tightening device 1 from the bottom of the line placement cavity 102;

[0045] Step S2: During the wire hanging process, control the extension and retraction of the telescopic pole to tighten the power line, calculate the pre-tightening force using the pressure sensor, and check whether the line sag and curvature parameters meet the construction standards.

[0046] Step S3: The wire fixing process involves fixing one end of the power line to the support frame to achieve a fixing effect;

[0047] Step S4: Release process, end the pre-tightening process, and start the release procedure.

[0048] In this embodiment, it is necessary to specifically explain that during the pre-connection process, the wire enters the elastic sleeve 201 from the bottom of the wire placement cavity 102, pushing the longitudinal pressure rod 301 to rise. The side inclined plates 205 on both sides push the elastic sleeve 201 to move inward to apply a fastening force to the wire, thereby achieving an automatic fixing effect.

[0049] During the cable-hanging process, the recovery tension of the line itself causes the longitudinal pressure bar 301 to move downward under the action of the longitudinal inclined block 302, and the tension sleeve 201 has an inward tendency under the action of the side inclined plate 205. Both of them simultaneously apply a secondary tightening effect to the line.

[0050] During the wire fixing process, after the tension reaches the threshold and the sag meets the construction standards, the staff will tighten and fix the protruding end of the wire on the 201 side of the tension sleeve.

[0051] During the release process, the two stop devices 5 move inward simultaneously to push the automatic fastening device 2 to forcibly release the fixing effect, thereby fixing the line and reducing the difficulty of high-altitude operations.

[0052] Working principle of the invention:

[0053] The main problem solved by this embodiment is that the reciprocating motion of the telescopic rod realizes the automatic tightening of the processing line, which solves the problem that the current line pre-tightening process takes too long and affects the normal operation of the railway, and that manual tightening is inconvenient for high-level construction workers.

[0054] The specific steps are as follows: S1 Pre-connection process: Place one end of the line rope inside the tension sleeve 201 from the bottom of the device housing 101. The rope pushes the longitudinal pressure device 3 upward, causing the separating rod 204 to move downward relative to the longitudinal baffle 303. Since the side inclined plate 205 is equipped with a spring, when the longitudinal baffle 303 loses the fixing effect of the separating rod 204, the spring causes the tension sleeves 201 on both sides to move closer to each other, realizing automatic clamping of the line. Due to the gravity of the overhead line, the line has a tendency to move to one side. Under the locking condition... Under these conditions, the automatic fastening device 2 and the longitudinal pressure device 3 move together to one side. The top inclined groove 109 generates a downward pushing force on the longitudinal inclined block 302, causing its bottom to contact the line and generate a downward pushing force, thus achieving a secondary fastening effect and preventing the line from falling off. When the line moves to one side, the side inclined plate 205 slides inside the side inclined groove 111, and the distance between the two sides becomes shorter. Under the action of the spring, the force on both sides is applied again to achieve a tertiary fastening effect. At the same time, the force generated on both sides can also balance the forces above and below, avoiding surface defects on the line caused by imbalance.

[0055] S2 cable travel process: The reciprocating telescopic rod 4 is extended and retracted by the controller. At its longest end, the parallel inclined block 703 is at the bottom of the reciprocating control structure 602, and the opening and closing sleeve 701 has a clamping effect on the line. When the reciprocating telescopic rod 4 is retracted, the parallel inclined block 703 slides at the bottom of the reciprocating control structure 602. Since the height of the parallel inclined block 703 is greater than half the height of the groove inside the fixed support plate 601, the reciprocating control structure 602 generates a downward pushing force on the parallel inclined block 703 when it moves, resulting in a secondary clamping of the line and causing it to move to the other side. When it reaches the shortest end, the reciprocating control structure 602 returns to the middle position under the action of its internal spring. At this time, the top of one side of the parallel inclined block 703 is above the reciprocating control structure 602, and the middle spring 603 is extended. The parallel inclined block 703 moves to one side at the top of the reciprocating control structure 602. Since the parallel inclined block 703 has an upward pulling effect on the outside of the opening and closing sleeve 701, the opening and closing sleeve 701 is opened under the control of the parallel inclined block 703 and loses its ability to fix the line. The above process is repeated continuously, and the line gradually rises from the ground to the overhead position.

[0056] S3 Cable Fixing Process: As the cable rises, the fastening ring installed in the fastening groove 104 connects to the support frame. The pressure sensor installed in the pressure sensor placement cavity 105 detects the tension in the cable in real time. When the tension reaches the construction standard and the cable sag meets the construction requirements, the reciprocating telescopic rod 4 automatically stops moving. The worker then fixes one end of the conductor in the fixed position, thus completing the construction process.

[0057] S4 Release Process: First, release the top fastening ring. Then, press the stop device 5 simultaneously on the front and back of the line pre-tightening device 1. The stop device 5 applies forced pressure to the tension sleeve 201. The side inclined plate 205 overcomes the line tension and moves in the opposite direction to the bottom of the other side to reduce the internal spring force. Then, the tension sleeve 201 separates under the action of the stop device 5, releasing the line's fixing effect.

[0058] Secondly, it also solved the problem that the longitudinal booster rod 301 does not have a constant downward movement tendency under its own weight, and that the outward pushing force generated by the premature contact between the longitudinal baffle 303 and the separation rod 204 after the longitudinal booster rod 301 moves downward and the static friction force increased at the bottom of the longitudinal booster rod 301 interfere with each other and affect the fixing effect.

[0059] The length of the booster rod 301 is one-third of the length of the moving slot opened in the longitudinal booster rod 301. A spring is installed at the bottom of the longitudinal inclined block 302. The spring causes the longitudinal booster rod 301 to push the tension sleeve 201 to keep it in the open state under normal conditions without external force. This is beneficial because when using it, you only need to put the line inside the tension sleeve 201, without adding a pre-opening step, reducing the operation process and reducing the difficulty of high-altitude operations.

Claims

1. An overhead construction structure for a railway operating line, comprising a track pre-tensioning device (1), characterized in that, The line pretensioning device (1) includes a device housing (101), a line placement cavity (102) is provided at the bottom of the device housing (101), a connecting sleeve (103) is fixedly connected to the top of the device housing (101), a fastening ring groove (104) is provided at the top of the connecting sleeve (103), a pressure sensor placement cavity (105) is provided inside the device housing (101) at the bottom of the fastening ring groove (104), a telescopic fixing groove (108) is provided on one side of the top of the line placement cavity (102), a reciprocating telescopic rod (4) is fixedly connected to one side of the telescopic fixing groove (108), a sliding fixing plate (6) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the reciprocating telescopic rod (4), and a reciprocating opening and closing device (7) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the reciprocating telescopic rod (4) at the bottom of the sliding fixing plate (6). An automatic fastening device (2) is movably connected to the other side of the wiring placement cavity (102). A longitudinal pressure device (3) is movably connected to the top of the automatic fastening device (2). The automatic fastening device (2) includes two tension sleeves (201). A side inclined plate (205) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the top of the tension sleeve (201). Side inclined grooves (111) are opened on the front and back of the top of the wiring placement cavity (102). The side inclined plate (205) is installed in the side inclined groove (111). The tension sleeves (201) are movably connected to the other side of the wiring placement cavity (102). Two longitudinal moving slots (203) are opened at the top of the 01), and a separation rod (204) is fixedly connected inside the longitudinal moving slot (203); the longitudinal pressure device (3) includes a longitudinal pressure boosting rod (301), a longitudinal inclined block (302) is fixedly connected at the top of the longitudinal pressure boosting rod (301), a slot is opened inside the longitudinal pressure boosting rod (301), and a longitudinal baffle (303) is fixedly connected at the top of the slot; two top inclined slots (109) are opened at the top of the line placement cavity (102); The automatic fastening device (2) is configured such that when the line is placed from the bottom of the line placement cavity (102) and the longitudinal pressure device (3) is pushed up, the separating rod (204) disengages from the longitudinal baffle (303), and the side inclined plate (205) drives the two side tension sleeves (201) to move closer to each other under the action of the internal spring, so as to apply an initial fastening force to the line. The longitudinal pressure device (3) is configured such that when the clamped line moves to one side due to its own weight or tension, the longitudinal inclined block (302) moves downward under the guidance of the top inclined groove (109), driving the longitudinal pressure rod (301) to press down on the line to apply a secondary clamping force. The sliding fixed plate (6) and the reciprocating opening and closing device (7) are configured such that the opening and closing sleeve (701) of the reciprocating opening and closing device (7) is driven by the reciprocating telescopic rod (4) to reciprocate within the sliding groove of the sliding fixed plate (6), clamping the line at one end of the reciprocating stroke and releasing the line at the other end, so as to achieve unidirectional step-by-step tightening of the line.

2. The overhead construction structure for a railway operating line according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sliding fixing plate (6) includes a fixed support plate (601). The top of the fixed support plate (601) is provided with a sliding groove. A reciprocating control structure (602) is fixedly connected to one side of the sliding groove. A center spring (603) is fixedly connected inside the reciprocating control structure (602). The reciprocating opening and closing device (7) includes an opening and closing sleeve (701). Rotating rods (702) are fixedly connected to both sides of the opening and closing sleeve (701). A connecting frame is fixedly connected to the top of the opening and closing sleeve (701). A parallel inclined block (703) is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting frame.

3. The overhead construction structure for a railway operating line according to claim 1, characterized in that, A spring is installed on the top of the longitudinal inclined block (302), and the height of the longitudinal baffle (303) is one-third of the height of the slot opened inside the longitudinal booster rod (301).

4. The overhead construction structure for a railway operating line according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the separating rod (204) is provided with an inclined surface, the elastic sleeve (201) is located inside the side inclined plate (205) and a spring is installed, and the outer surface of the side inclined plate (205) is provided with an inclined surface.

5. The overhead construction structure for a railway operating line according to claim 1, characterized in that, A transmission groove (107) is provided on the other side of the telescopic fixing groove (108), and a control cavity (106) is provided on the other side of the transmission groove (107). A pressure sensor is installed inside the pressure sensor placement cavity (105). The pressure sensor is fixedly connected to the fastening ring belt installed in the fastening ring groove (104). A hydraulic controller is installed inside the control cavity (106). The hydraulic controller is connected to the reciprocating telescopic rod (4) through the pipeline installed in the transmission groove (107).

6. The overhead construction structure for a railway operating line according to claim 2, characterized in that, The reciprocating control structure (602) is installed at the center of the side of the sliding groove on the top of the fixed support plate (601), and the height of the parallel inclined block (703) is greater than half the depth of the sliding groove on the top of the fixed support plate (601).

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