Mechanical locking tibial platform, tibial prosthesis and knee prosthesis

Abstract

The application discloses a mechanical locking type tibial platform, a tibial prosthesis and a knee joint prosthesis. The mechanical locking type tibial platform comprises a platform holder used for being attached to the proximal end of a tibia, a middle column extending downward along the center of the platform holder and used for being inserted into the marrow cavity of the tibia, an axial hole being arranged in the center of the middle column, a sleeve arranged in the axial hole of the middle column, a limiting structure being arranged on the outer wall of the sleeve, the limiting structure being configured to cooperate with the middle column to enable the sleeve to slide only in the axial direction of the axial hole, a fastener connected to the sleeve and protruding from the outer side wall of the middle column and used for being inserted into the cortical bone of the tibia, and a stand column, one end of the stand column being provided with a limiting block used for abutting against the top surface of the platform holder, and the other end of the stand column being provided with a threaded segment which is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the sleeve. The cooperation of the stand column, the sleeve and the fastener can lock the platform holder to the proximal end of the tibia and ensure the initial stability of the tibial platform.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical devices, and particularly to mechanically locking tibial plateaus, tibial prostheses, and knee joint prostheses. Background Technology

[0002] Knee replacement surgery can effectively resolve knee joint problems, alleviate patient pain, and restore knee joint function to a certain extent. The structure of a knee prosthesis includes the femoral condyle, tibial plateau, tibial plateau pad, patella, and related components. With the rapid development of medical device technology and the increasing demands for the safety and effectiveness of knee prostheses, knee prosthesis technology has become more mature and sophisticated, and different types of knee prostheses have emerged.

[0003] Currently, knee prostheses can be broadly classified into two categories based on their fixation methods: cemented and biological (non-cemented). Biological knee prostheses are increasingly widely used, especially among younger patients. Biological knee prostheses achieve biological fixation through direct bone ingrowth, overcoming the mechanical limitations of cemented prostheses. This promotes integration between the prosthesis and bone tissue, improves long-term stability, and facilitates revision surgery, demonstrating broad application prospects. For biological knee prostheses, achieving robust initial stability is a crucial factor influencing subsequent bone ingrowth and long-term stability.

[0004] Currently, bio-based knee prostheses primarily employ an interference fit fixation method to secure the artificial tibial plateau to the tibia, achieving a certain level of initial stability. However, existing bio-based knee prostheses are prone to loosening under walking loads, frequently resulting in complications such as tibial plateau subsidence or tilting, leading to insufficient initial stability of the tibial plateau. This is often due to the tibial plateau failing to achieve effective and rigid fixation or lateral shear forces generated by eccentric loading causing micromovements or displacements between the prosthesis and bone interface.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for mechanically locking tibial plateaus, tibial prostheses, and knee joint prostheses to enhance the initial stability of biological knee joint prostheses and promote subsequent bone ingrowth. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a mechanically locking tibial platform that, through the cooperation of a column, a sleeve, and fasteners, can lock the tibial platform and the proximal tibia, thereby improving initial stability.

[0007] Another object of the present invention is to provide a tibial prosthesis having a mechanically locking tibial platform that can lock the tibial platform and the proximal tibia, thereby improving initial stability.

[0008] Another object of the present invention is to provide a knee joint prosthesis having a mechanically locking tibial plateau capable of locking the tibial plateau and the proximal tibia, thereby improving initial stability.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution, including:

[0010] Mechanically locking tibial plateau, including:

[0011] The platform support is used to conform to the proximal tibia.

[0012] A central column, which extends downward along the center of the platform support, is used to insert into the tibial medullary cavity, and the central column has an axial hole at its center;

[0013] A sleeve is disposed in the axial hole of the central column, and a limiting structure is provided on the outer wall of the sleeve. The limiting structure is configured to cooperate with the central column so that the sleeve can slide only along the axial direction of the axial hole.

[0014] Fasteners, which are attached to the sleeve and protrude from the outer wall of the central post, are used for insertion into the cortical bone of the tibia;

[0015] The column has a limiting block at one end for abutting against the top surface of the platform, and a threaded section at the other end for threaded connection with the inner wall of the sleeve.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of a mechanically locking tibial platform, the fastener is a locking pin, and the central column and the sleeve are respectively provided with a first through hole and a second through hole in the radial direction, and the fastener can be inserted into the first through hole and the second through hole.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of a mechanically locking tibial platform, the locking pin is a bio-glass screw.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment of the mechanically locking tibial platform, the inner wall of the axial hole is provided with a limiting groove, and two or more limiting grooves are evenly distributed along the circumference of the axial hole. The limiting structure is a convex ridge and corresponds one-to-one with the limiting groove.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment of the mechanically locking tibial platform, the length of the convex ridge along the axial direction of the sleeve is less than or equal to the length of the limiting groove along the axial direction of the sleeve.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment of the mechanically locking tibial platform, a reinforcing plate is provided between the central column and the lower end face of the platform support.

[0021] As a preferred embodiment of the mechanically locking tibial platform, a titanium-based hydroxyapatite coating is provided on the lower end face of the platform support and the outer surface of the central column.

[0022] As a preferred embodiment of the mechanically locking tibial platform, both the first through hole and the second through hole are elongated holes, and the length direction of both the first through hole and the second through hole extends along the axial direction of the central column.

[0023] Tibial prosthesis, including the mechanically locking tibial platform described above.

[0024] A knee prosthesis, including a liner and the aforementioned mechanically locking tibial plateau.

[0025] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0026] In this invention, the column and sleeve of the mechanically locking tibial platform cooperate. When the column rotates in a predetermined direction, the column and sleeve can approach each other. Since the sleeve is connected to the fastener, and the fastener is inserted into the cortical bone of the tibia, the sleeve cannot continue to move upward after moving to a certain extent. This causes the column to pull the platform to press against the proximal end of the tibia. Thus, the cooperation of the column, sleeve, and fastener can lock the platform against the proximal end of the tibia, ensuring the initial stability of the tibial platform and promoting subsequent bone ingrowth. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the mechanically locking tibial platform in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the mechanically locking tibial platform in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the platform support and the central column in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the sleeve in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] In the diagram, 1. Platform support; 2. Center column; 3. Sleeve; 4. Fastener; 5. Column; 6. Reinforcing plate;

[0032] 11. Flange;

[0033] 21. Axial hole; 22. First through hole; 23. Limiting groove;

[0034] 31. Second through hole; 32. Raised ridge;

[0035] 51. Limiting block; 52. Threaded section. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that those skilled in the art can implement it based on the description.

[0037] It should be understood that terms such as “having,” “comprising,” and “including” as used herein do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or combinations thereof.

[0038] like Figures 1-4 As shown, this embodiment provides a mechanically locking tibial platform, which includes a platform support 1, a central column 2, a sleeve 3, a fastener 4, and a column 5. The platform support 1 is used to fit against the proximal end of the tibia. The central column 2 extends downward along the center of the platform support 1 and is used to insert into the medullary cavity of the tibia. The central column 2 has an axial hole 21 at its center. The sleeve 3 is disposed within the axial hole 21 of the central column 2, and the limiting structure is configured to cooperate with the central column 2 so that the sleeve 3 can slide only axially along the axial hole 21. The fastener 4 is connected to the sleeve 3 and protrudes from the outer side wall of the central column 2, and is used to insert into the cortical bone of the tibia. One end of the column 5 has a limiting block 51 for abutting against the top surface of the platform support 1, and the other end has a threaded section 52 that is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the sleeve 3.

[0039] In this embodiment, the column 5 and the sleeve 3 cooperate. When the column 5 rotates in the predetermined direction, the column 5 and the sleeve 3 can get relatively close. Since the sleeve 3 is connected to the fastener 4 and the fastener 4 is inserted into the cortical bone of the tibia, the sleeve 3 cannot continue to move upward after moving to a certain extent. As a result, the platform support 1 is pulled by the column 5 and pressed against the proximal end of the tibia. Thus, the cooperation of the column 5, the sleeve 3 and the fastener 4 can lock the platform support 1 at the proximal end of the tibia, ensuring the initial stability of the tibial platform and promoting the later bone ingrowth.

[0040] In this embodiment, the fastener 4 is a locking pin. The central post 2 and the sleeve 3 are respectively provided with a first through hole 22 and a second through hole 31 along the radial direction. The fastener 4 can pass through the first through hole 22 and the second through hole 31. The locking pin is a bio-glass screw. Bio-glass refers to glass that can achieve specific biological and physiological functions. When bio-glass is implanted into a bone defect site in the human body, it can directly combine with bone tissue, playing a role in repairing bone tissue and restoring its function, and ensuring the stability of its integration with human bone. In other embodiments, the fastener 4 can also be of other structural forms, such as barbs.

[0041] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, both the first through hole 22 and the second through hole 31 are elongated holes, and their lengths extend along the axial direction of the central column 2. The first through hole 22 and the second through hole 31 are designed as elongated holes to facilitate the aiming and insertion of the fastener 4, and also to provide space for possible displacement of the locking pin when the platform support 1 presses against the proximal tibia.

[0042] The inner wall of the axial hole 21 is provided with a limiting groove 23. Two or more limiting grooves 23 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the axial hole 21. The limiting structure is a ridge 32, which corresponds one-to-one with the limiting groove 23. The length of the ridge 32 along the axial direction of the sleeve 3 is less than or equal to the length of the limiting groove 23 along the axial direction of the sleeve 3. When the column 5 rotates, the ridge 32 abuts against one side wall of the limiting groove 23, so the column 5 can rotate relative to the sleeve 3, and the sleeve 3 and the column 5 can rotate axially. In other embodiments, the limiting structure can also be a groove, with a corresponding protrusion on the central column 2; or the limiting structure can also be a hook, with a corresponding hook or hole structure on the central column 2.

[0043] A reinforcing plate 6 is provided between the central column 2 and the lower end face of the platform support 1, which can ensure the strength of the tibial plateau structure. The lower end of the central column 2 has a rounded structure to facilitate implantation.

[0044] In this embodiment, the column 5 is a bolt, and the limiting block 51 is a nut for the bolt.

[0045] A titanium-based hydroxyapatite coating is provided on the lower end face of the platform support 1 and the outer side of the central column 2, which can promote bone ingrowth.

[0046] The platform support 1 has an upwardly extending flange 11 at its edge, and the upper surface of the limiting block 51 is flush with the flange 11. The platform support 1 can be assembled with structures such as a meniscus via the flange 11. A hexagonal countersunk hole is provided in the center of the limiting block 51 for easy tooling.

[0047] This embodiment also provides a tibial prosthesis, the tibial platform including a mechanically locking tibial platform.

[0048] This embodiment also provides a knee prosthesis that includes a pad and a mechanically locking tibial plateau.

[0049] In this embodiment, during implantation of the mechanically locking tibial platform, the central column 2 is first inserted into the patient's tibia, and the locking pins are inserted through the first through hole 22 and the second through hole 31, with both sides of the locking pins located within the cortical bone of the tibia. Then, the position of the sleeve 3 is adjusted by rotating the column 5. The cooperation of the column 5, the sleeve 3, and the fastener 4 can lock the platform support 1 to the proximal end of the tibia, ensuring the initial stability of the tibial platform.

[0050] Although embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and embodiments. They can be applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other modifications can be easily made. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and their equivalents, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and illustrations shown and described herein.

Claims

1. Mechanical locking tibial platform, characterized in that, The mechanical locking type tibial plateau comprises a platform holder (1) for fitting the proximal end of tibia; a middle column (2) extending downward along the center of the platform holder (1) for inserting into the medullary cavity of tibia, the middle column (2) is provided with an axial hole (21) in the center; a sleeve (3) arranged in the axial hole (21) of the middle column (2), the inner wall of the axial hole (21) is provided with a limiting sliding groove (23), the limiting sliding grooves (23) are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the axial hole (21), the outer wall of the sleeve (3) is provided with a limiting structure, the limiting structure is a ridge (32) and corresponds to the limiting sliding groove (23) one by one, the length of the ridge (32) along the axial direction of the sleeve (3) is less than or equal to the length of the limiting sliding groove (23) along the axial direction of the sleeve (3), the limiting structure is configured to cooperate with the middle column (2) to enable the sleeve (3) to slide only along the axial direction of the axial hole (21); a fastener (4) connected to the sleeve (3) and protruding from the outer side wall of the middle column (2) for inserting into the cortical bone of tibia; a column (5) provided with a limiting block (51) at one end for abutting against the top surface of the platform holder (1) and provided with a threaded segment (52) at the other end for screwing with the inner wall of the sleeve (3); the fastener (4) is a locking pin, the middle column (2) and the sleeve (3) are respectively provided with a first through hole (22) and a second through hole (31) in the radial direction, the fastener (4) can be arranged in the first through hole (22) and the second through hole (31); the first through hole (22) and the second through hole (31) are both long holes, the length direction of the first through hole (22) and the second through hole (31) extends along the axial direction of the middle column (2); when the mechanical locking type tibial plateau is implanted, the middle column (2) is inserted into the tibia of the patient, the locking pin is arranged in the first through hole (22) and the second through hole (31), and the locking pin is located in the cortical bone of tibia on both sides; the edge of the platform holder (1) is provided with an upwardly extending flange (11), the upper end surface of the limiting block (51) is flush with the flange (11), and the platform holder (1) can be assembled with the meniscus through the flange (11). The locking pin is a bio-glass screw. A reinforcing plate (6) is arranged between the middle column (2) and the lower end surface of the platform holder (1). A titanium-based hydroxyapatite coating is arranged on the lower end surface of the platform holder (1) and the outer side surface of the middle column (2). The mechanical locking type tibial plateau comprises a platform holder (1) for fitting the proximal end of tibia; a middle column (2) extending downward along the center of the platform holder (1) for inserting into the medullary cavity of tibia, the middle column (2) is provided with an axial hole (21) in the center; a sleeve (3) arranged in the axial hole (21) of the middle column (2), the inner wall of the axial hole (21) is provided with a limiting sliding groove (23), the limiting sliding grooves (23) are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the axial hole (21), the outer wall of the sleeve (3) is provided with a limiting structure, the limiting structure is a ridge (32) and corresponds to the limiting sliding groove (23) one by one, the length of the ridge (32) along the axial direction of the sleeve (3) is less than or equal to the length of the limiting sliding groove (23) along the axial direction of the sleeve (3), the limiting structure is configured to cooperate with the middle column (2) to enable the sleeve (3) to slide only along the axial direction of the axial hole (21); a fastener (4) connected to the sleeve (3) and protruding from the outer side wall of the middle column (2) for inserting into the cortical bone of tibia; a column (5) provided with a limiting block (51) at one end for abutting against the top surface of the platform holder (1) and provided with a threaded segment (52) at the other end for screwing with the inner wall of the sleeve (3); the fastener (4) is a locking pin, the middle column (2) and the sleeve (3) are respectively provided with a first through hole (22) and a second through hole (31) in the radial direction, the fastener (4) can be arranged in the first through hole (22) and the second through hole (31); the first through hole (22) and the second through hole (31) are both long holes, the length direction of the first through hole (22) and the second through hole (31) extends along the axial direction of the middle column (2); when the mechanical locking type tibial plateau is implanted, the middle column (2) is inserted into the tibia of the patient, the locking pin is arranged in the first through hole (22) and the second through hole (31), and the locking pin is located in the cortical bone of tibia on both sides; the edge of the platform holder (1) is provided with an upwardly extending flange (11), the upper end surface of the limiting block (51) is flush with the flange (11), and the platform holder (1) can be assembled with the meniscus through the flange (11). The locking pin is a bio-glass screw. A reinforcing plate (6) is arranged between the middle column (2) and the lower end surface of the platform holder (1). A titanium-based hydroxyapatite coating is arranged on the lower end surface of the platform holder (1) and the outer side surface of the middle column (2). ​ 2. The mechanical locking tibial platform of claim 1, wherein: ​ 3. The mechanical locking tibial base plate of claim 1 wherein: ​ 4. The mechanical locking tibial base plate of claim 1 wherein: ​ 5. A tibial prosthesis characterized by, ​ 6. Knee prosthesis, characterized in that ​

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