Multi-component thermal high-density polyester fabric and preparation method thereof

Abstract

This invention provides a multi-component, high-density, heat-insulating polyester fabric, comprising a fabric layer, a heat-insulating layer, and a skin-friendly layer. The fabric layer is a high-density polyester fabric, the heat-insulating layer is a composite gel layer, and the skin-friendly layer is an electrospun layer. The composite gel layer is composed of a macroporous gel layer and a microporous gel layer. The macroporous gel layer has a porosity of 90-95% and an average pore size of 100-130 nm, while the microporous gel layer has a porosity of 96-99% and an average pore size of 50-100 nm. This invention provides a multi-component, high-density, heat-insulating polyester fabric that achieves better heat insulation by using multiple layers combined with gels of different volume densities.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of functional fabrics, specifically to a multi-component, high-density, heat-insulating polyester fabric and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Cold-weather clothing, also known as winter clothing, generally refers to clothing worn in natural environments with temperatures ranging from -4 to 10°C and characterized by wind and snow, enabling the wearer to maintain normal daily life and work. To balance climate regulation and general adaptability, cold-weather clothing is developing towards a "multi-layered, modular structure," and is gradually evolving towards product serialization, lightweight materials, scientifically designed structures, and rationally functional features.

[0003] Based on the role and mechanism by which thermal insulation materials perform heat insulation, i.e., their insulation principle, they can generally be divided into two main categories: passive insulation and active insulation. Passive insulation primarily achieves its purpose by preventing or reducing heat loss from the human body, but a suitable bulk density is necessary to obtain a good insulation effect. The higher the bulk density of the thermal insulation material, the more fibers it contains in a given volume, resulting in a tighter fiber aggregate and less air inside. This enhances its heat conduction capacity, thus reducing the garment's insulation performance. Conversely, the lower the bulk density of the thermal insulation material, the fewer fibers it contains, resulting in a looser fiber aggregate and increased distance between fibers. Although it contains more air inside, it doesn't retain that air well, leading to airflow and convective heat loss, which also reduces the garment's insulation performance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Technical problem to be solved: The purpose of this invention is to provide a multi-component thermal insulation high-density polyester fabric, which achieves better thermal insulation effect by setting multiple layers and combining them with gels of different volume densities.

[0005] Technical solution: A multi-component heat-insulating high-density polyester fabric, comprising a fabric layer, a heat-insulating layer, and a skin-friendly layer. The fabric layer is a high-density polyester fabric, the heat-insulating layer is a composite gel layer, and the skin-friendly layer is an electrospun layer. The composite gel layer is composed of a macroporous gel layer and a microporous gel layer. The porosity of the macroporous gel layer is 90-95%, and the average pore size is 100-130 nm. The porosity of the microporous gel layer is 96-99%, and the average pore size is 50-100 nm.

[0006] Preferably, the preparation method of the multi-component heat-insulating high-density polyester fabric includes the following steps:

[0007] S1. The polyester fabric is subjected to alkali reduction treatment to obtain a surface-modified polyester fabric.

[0008] S2. Apply a cellulose hydrogel with a thickness of 1-2 mm to one side of the modified polyester fabric, immerse the modified polyester fabric in an ethanol solution to gel it, and prepare a polyester fabric covered with a macroporous gel layer.

[0009] S3. The polyester fabric with a macroporous gel layer prepared in step S2 is subjected to instantaneous high-temperature heat setting to obtain a polyester fabric with a carbonized macroporous gel layer on the surface.

[0010] S4. Coat the surface of the polyester fabric with the carbonized macroporous gel layer prepared in step S3 with a cellulose / wool mixed gel with a thickness of 0.2-0.4 mm, and dry to obtain a polyester fabric with a heat-insulating layer.

[0011] S5. The surface of the polyester fabric with the thermal insulation layer prepared in step S4 is electrospinned to prepare a skin-friendly layer, and finally a multi-component thermal insulation high-density polyester fabric is obtained.

[0012] Preferably, the alkali reduction treatment process involves using a sodium hydroxide solution with a concentration of 10-20%, a treatment temperature of 80-85℃, a solid-liquid ratio of 1:40-60, and a treatment time of 40-90s.

[0013] Preferably, the method for preparing the cellulose hydrogel is as follows: microcrystalline cellulose is dissolved in a NaOH / urea mixed aqueous solution at a temperature of -5℃, and stirred to obtain a cellulose / NaOH / urea mixed aqueous solution. Then, the above aqueous solution is placed in a refrigerator at -20 to -15℃ and frozen for 24 h, and then thawed to obtain a cellulose hydrogel with a concentration of 2-3wt%.

[0014] Preferably, the instantaneous high-temperature heat setting temperature is 100-120℃ and the time is 5-10s.

[0015] Preferably, the method for preparing the cellulose / wool mixed gel is as follows:

[0016] S11. Dissolve short-cut wool in a NaOH / urea mixed aqueous solution and react at 70-80℃ for 60-120 min to prepare a wool hydrolysate with a concentration of 8-14wt%.

[0017] S12. Add microcrystalline cellulose to the wool hydrolysate prepared in step S11, stir until the microcrystalline cellulose is dissolved and dispersed, and then add inorganic acid to adjust the pH of the solution to 6-6.5 to obtain a composite gel.

[0018] S13. Add hollow silica particles to the composite gel and stir to mix evenly to obtain a cellulose / wool mixed gel.

[0019] Preferably, the mass ratio of microcrystalline cellulose to wool hydrolysate in step S12 is 1:30-40.

[0020] Preferably, in step S13, the silica particles are silane-modified nano-silica, and the weight ratio of silica to composite gel is 1:40-50.

[0021] Preferably, the thickness of the electrospun layer in step S5 is 0.1-0.2 mm, and the porosity is 70-75%.

[0022] Beneficial effects: The high-density polyester fabric of this invention has the following advantages:

[0023] 1. This invention uses a high-density polyester fabric composite gel insulation layer. The gel layer is composited with different pore sizes. The gel closer to the body is small-pore gel, and the gel further away from the body and closer to the polyester fabric layer is large-pore gel. This combination of composite gel layers can reduce heat loss and improve the insulation effect.

[0024] 2. In this invention, porous silica particles are added to the cellulose / wool mixed gel. The addition of multi-layered porous materials further improves the heat preservation effect.

[0025] 3. In this invention, when a large-pore gel layer is combined with a small-pore gel, instantaneous high-temperature heat setting is used, which can partially carbonize the surface of the large-pore gel and further form certain micropores to increase the heat preservation effect. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments. These embodiments are illustrative of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments:

[0027] Example 1

[0028] A multi-component thermal insulation high-density polyester fabric includes a fabric layer, a thermal insulation layer, and a skin-friendly layer. The fabric layer is a high-density polyester fabric, the thermal insulation layer is a composite gel layer, and the skin-friendly layer is an electrospun layer. The composite gel layer is composed of a macroporous gel layer and a microporous gel layer. The macroporous gel layer has a porosity of 90.2% and an average pore size of 102.3 nm, while the microporous gel layer has a porosity of 96.5% and an average pore size of 65.8 nm.

[0029] The preparation method of the multi-component heat-insulating high-density polyester fabric includes the following steps:

[0030] S1. The polyester fabric is subjected to alkali reduction treatment. The alkali reduction treatment process is as follows: the concentration of sodium hydroxide solution is 10%, the treatment temperature is 80℃, the solid-liquid ratio is 1:60, and the treatment time is 90s, to obtain surface-modified polyester fabric.

[0031] S2. Apply a cellulose hydrogel with a thickness of 1.2 mm to one side of the modified polyester fabric, immerse the modified polyester fabric in an ethanol solution to gel it, and prepare a polyester fabric covered with a macroporous gel layer.

[0032] S3. The polyester fabric with the macroporous gel layer prepared in step S2 is subjected to instantaneous high-temperature heat setting at 120°C for 5 seconds to obtain a polyester fabric with a carbonized macroporous gel layer on the surface.

[0033] S4. Coat the surface of the polyester fabric with the carbonized macroporous gel layer prepared in step S3 with a cellulose / wool mixed gel with a thickness of 0.2 mm, and dry to obtain a polyester fabric with a heat insulation layer.

[0034] S5. The surface of the polyester fabric with the thermal insulation layer prepared in step S4 is electrospun to prepare a skin-friendly layer. The thickness of the electrospun layer is 0.2 mm and the porosity is 75%, finally obtaining a multi-component thermal insulation high-density polyester fabric.

[0035] The method for preparing the cellulose hydrogel is as follows: microcrystalline cellulose is dissolved in a NaOH / urea mixed aqueous solution at a temperature of -5℃, and stirred to obtain a cellulose / NaOH / urea mixed aqueous solution. Then, the above aqueous solution is placed in a refrigerator at -15℃ and frozen for 24 h, and then thawed to obtain a cellulose hydrogel with a concentration of 3wt%.

[0036] The method for preparing the cellulose / wool mixed gel is as follows:

[0037] S11. Dissolve short-cut wool in a NaOH / urea mixed aqueous solution and react at 70℃ for 120 min to prepare a wool hydrolysate with a concentration of 8wt%.

[0038] S12. Add microcrystalline cellulose to the wool hydrolysate prepared in step S11, stir until the microcrystalline cellulose is dissolved and dispersed, the mass ratio of microcrystalline cellulose to wool hydrolysate is 1:30, then add inorganic acid to adjust the pH of the solution to 6.5 to obtain composite gel;

[0039] S13. Hollow silane-modified nano-silica is added to the composite gel at a weight ratio of 1:50. The mixture is stirred until homogeneous to obtain a cellulose / wool hybrid gel.

[0040] Example 2

[0041] A multi-component thermal insulation high-density polyester fabric includes a fabric layer, a thermal insulation layer, and a skin-friendly layer. The fabric layer is a high-density polyester fabric, the thermal insulation layer is a composite gel layer, and the skin-friendly layer is an electrospun layer. The composite gel layer is composed of a macroporous gel layer and a microporous gel layer. The macroporous gel layer has a porosity of 92.3% and an average pore size of 122.5 nm, while the microporous gel layer has a porosity of 98.5% and an average pore size of 65.8 nm.

[0042] The preparation method of the multi-component heat-insulating high-density polyester fabric includes the following steps:

[0043] S1. The polyester fabric is subjected to alkali reduction treatment. The alkali reduction treatment process is as follows: the concentration of sodium hydroxide solution is 20%, the treatment temperature is 85℃, the solid-liquid ratio is 1:40, and the treatment time is 40s, to obtain surface-modified polyester fabric.

[0044] S2. Apply a cellulose hydrogel with a thickness of 1.9 mm to one side of the modified polyester fabric, immerse the modified polyester fabric in an ethanol solution to gel it, and prepare a polyester fabric covered with a macroporous gel layer.

[0045] S3. The polyester fabric with the macroporous gel layer prepared in step S2 is subjected to instantaneous high-temperature heat setting at 100°C for 10 seconds to obtain a polyester fabric with a carbonized macroporous gel layer on the surface.

[0046] S4. Coat the surface of the polyester fabric with the carbonized macroporous gel layer prepared in step S3 with a cellulose / wool mixed gel with a thickness of 0.4 mm, and dry to obtain a polyester fabric with a heat insulation layer.

[0047] S5. The surface of the polyester fabric with the thermal insulation layer prepared in step S4 is electrospun to prepare a skin-friendly layer. The thickness of the electrospun layer is 0.1 mm and the porosity is 70%, finally obtaining a multi-component thermal insulation high-density polyester fabric.

[0048] The method for preparing the cellulose hydrogel is as follows: microcrystalline cellulose is dissolved in a NaOH / urea mixed aqueous solution at a temperature of -5℃, and stirred to obtain a cellulose / NaOH / urea mixed aqueous solution. Then, the above aqueous solution is placed in a refrigerator at -20℃ and frozen for 24 h, and then thawed to obtain a cellulose hydrogel with a concentration of 2wt%.

[0049] The method for preparing the cellulose / wool mixed gel is as follows:

[0050] S11. Dissolve short-cut wool in a NaOH / urea mixed aqueous solution and react at 80℃ for 60 min to prepare a wool hydrolysate with a concentration of 14wt%.

[0051] S12. Add microcrystalline cellulose to the wool hydrolysate prepared in step S11, stir until the microcrystalline cellulose is dissolved and dispersed, the mass ratio of microcrystalline cellulose to wool hydrolysate is 1:40, then add inorganic acid to adjust the pH of the solution to 6, and obtain composite gel;

[0052] S13. Hollow silane-modified nano-silica is added to the composite gel at a weight ratio of 1:40 between silica and the composite gel. The mixture is stirred until homogeneous to obtain a cellulose / wool hybrid gel.

[0053] Example 3

[0054] A multi-component thermal insulation high-density polyester fabric includes a fabric layer, a thermal insulation layer, and a skin-friendly layer. The fabric layer is a high-density polyester fabric, the thermal insulation layer is a composite gel layer, and the skin-friendly layer is an electrospun layer. The composite gel layer is composed of a macroporous gel layer and a microporous gel layer. The macroporous gel layer has a porosity of 91.2% and an average pore size of 110 nm, while the microporous gel layer has a porosity of 98.5% and an average pore size of 65.5 nm.

[0055] The preparation method of the multi-component heat-insulating high-density polyester fabric includes the following steps:

[0056] S1. The polyester fabric is subjected to alkali reduction treatment. The alkali reduction treatment process is as follows: the concentration of sodium hydroxide solution is 10-20%, the treatment temperature is 80℃, the solid-liquid ratio is 1:45, and the treatment time is 50s, to obtain surface-modified polyester fabric.

[0057] S2. Apply a cellulose hydrogel with a thickness of 1.2 mm to one side of the modified polyester fabric, immerse the modified polyester fabric in an ethanol solution to gel it, and prepare a polyester fabric covered with a macroporous gel layer.

[0058] S3. The polyester fabric with the macroporous gel layer prepared in step S2 is subjected to instantaneous high-temperature heat setting at a temperature of 105℃ for 10s to obtain a polyester fabric with a carbonized macroporous gel layer on the surface.

[0059] S4. Coat the surface of the polyester fabric with the carbonized macroporous gel layer prepared in step S3 with a cellulose / wool mixed gel with a thickness of 0.24 mm, and dry to obtain a polyester fabric with a heat insulation layer.

[0060] S5. The surface of the polyester fabric with the thermal insulation layer prepared in step S4 is electrospun to prepare a skin-friendly layer. The thickness of the electrospun layer is 0.15 mm and the porosity is 70%, finally obtaining a multi-component thermal insulation high-density polyester fabric.

[0061] The method for preparing the cellulose hydrogel is as follows: microcrystalline cellulose is dissolved in a NaOH / urea mixed aqueous solution at a temperature of -5℃, and stirred to obtain a cellulose / NaOH / urea mixed aqueous solution. Then, the above aqueous solution is placed in a refrigerator at -15℃ and frozen for 24 h, and then thawed to obtain a cellulose hydrogel with a concentration of 2.6wt%.

[0062] The method for preparing the cellulose / wool mixed gel is as follows:

[0063] S11. Dissolve short-cut wool in a NaOH / urea mixed aqueous solution and react at 70℃ for 95 min to prepare a wool hydrolysate with a concentration of 9wt%.

[0064] S12. Add microcrystalline cellulose to the wool hydrolysate prepared in step S11, stir until the microcrystalline cellulose is dissolved and dispersed, the mass ratio of microcrystalline cellulose to wool hydrolysate is 1:30, then add inorganic acid to adjust the pH of the solution to 6, and obtain composite gel;

[0065] S13. Hollow silane-modified nano-silica is added to the composite gel, with a weight ratio of silica to composite gel of 1:45. The mixture is stirred and stirred until homogeneous to obtain a cellulose / wool mixed gel.

[0066] Example 4

[0067] A multi-component thermal insulation high-density polyester fabric includes a fabric layer, a thermal insulation layer, and a skin-friendly layer. The fabric layer is a high-density polyester fabric, the thermal insulation layer is a composite gel layer, and the skin-friendly layer is an electrospun layer. The composite gel layer is composed of a macroporous gel layer and a microporous gel layer. The macroporous gel layer has a porosity of 94.2% and an average pore size of 125 nm, while the microporous gel layer has a porosity of 96.6% and an average pore size of 67.5 nm.

[0068] The preparation method of the multi-component heat-insulating high-density polyester fabric includes the following steps:

[0069] S1. The polyester fabric is subjected to alkali reduction treatment. The alkali reduction treatment process is as follows: the concentration of sodium hydroxide solution is 10-20%, the treatment temperature is 85℃, the solid-liquid ratio is 1:55, and the treatment time is 70s, to obtain surface-modified polyester fabric.

[0070] S2. Apply a cellulose hydrogel with a thickness of 1.8 mm to one side of the modified polyester fabric, immerse the modified polyester fabric in an ethanol solution to gel it, and prepare a polyester fabric covered with a macroporous gel layer.

[0071] S3. The polyester fabric with the macroporous gel layer prepared in step S2 is subjected to instantaneous high-temperature heat setting at 15°C for 5 seconds to obtain a polyester fabric with a carbonized macroporous gel layer on the surface.

[0072] S4. Coat the surface of the polyester fabric with the carbonized macroporous gel layer prepared in step S3 with a cellulose / wool mixed gel with a thickness of 0.36 mm, and dry to obtain a polyester fabric with a heat insulation layer.

[0073] S5. The surface of the polyester fabric with the thermal insulation layer prepared in step S4 is electrospun to prepare a skin-friendly layer. The thickness of the electrospun layer is 0.12 mm and the porosity is 74.9%, finally obtaining a multi-component thermal insulation high-density polyester fabric.

[0074] The method for preparing the cellulose hydrogel is as follows: microcrystalline cellulose is dissolved in a NaOH / urea mixed aqueous solution at a temperature of -5℃, and stirred to obtain a cellulose / NaOH / urea mixed aqueous solution. Then, the above aqueous solution is placed in a refrigerator at -20℃ and frozen for 24 h, and then thawed to obtain a cellulose hydrogel with a concentration of 2.2wt%.

[0075] The method for preparing the cellulose / wool mixed gel is as follows:

[0076] S11. Dissolve short-cut wool in a NaOH / urea mixed aqueous solution and react at 80℃ for 85 min to prepare a wool hydrolysate with a concentration of 12wt%.

[0077] S12. Add microcrystalline cellulose to the wool hydrolysate prepared in step S11, stir until the microcrystalline cellulose is dissolved and dispersed, the mass ratio of microcrystalline cellulose to wool hydrolysate is 1:40, then add inorganic acid to adjust the pH of the solution to 6.5 to obtain composite gel;

[0078] S13. Hollow silane-modified nano-silica is added to the composite gel at a weight ratio of 1:42. The mixture is stirred until homogeneous to obtain a cellulose / wool hybrid gel.

[0079] Example 5

[0080] A multi-component thermal insulation high-density polyester fabric includes a fabric layer, a thermal insulation layer, and a skin-friendly layer. The fabric layer is a high-density polyester fabric, the thermal insulation layer is a composite gel layer, and the skin-friendly layer is an electrospun layer. The composite gel layer is composed of a macroporous gel layer and a microporous gel layer. The macroporous gel layer has a porosity of 93.6% and an average pore size of 118 nm, while the microporous gel layer has a porosity of 98.2% and an average pore size of 66.5 nm.

[0081] The preparation method of the multi-component heat-insulating high-density polyester fabric includes the following steps:

[0082] S1. The polyester fabric is subjected to alkali reduction treatment. The alkali reduction treatment process is as follows: the concentration of sodium hydroxide solution is 15%, the treatment temperature is 85℃, the solid-liquid ratio is 1:50, and the treatment time is 60s, to obtain surface-modified polyester fabric.

[0083] S2. Apply a cellulose hydrogel with a thickness of 1.2 mm to one side of the modified polyester fabric, immerse the modified polyester fabric in an ethanol solution to gel it, and prepare a polyester fabric covered with a macroporous gel layer.

[0084] S3. The polyester fabric with the macroporous gel layer prepared in step S2 is subjected to instantaneous high-temperature heat setting at 110°C for 8 seconds to obtain a polyester fabric with a carbonized macroporous gel layer on the surface.

[0085] S4. Coat the surface of the polyester fabric with the carbonized macroporous gel layer prepared in step S3 with a cellulose / wool mixed gel with a thickness of 0.29 mm, and dry to obtain a polyester fabric with a heat insulation layer.

[0086] S5. The surface of the polyester fabric with the thermal insulation layer prepared in step S4 is electrospun to prepare a skin-friendly layer. The thickness of the electrospun layer is 0.14 mm and the porosity is 74.3%, finally obtaining a multi-component thermal insulation high-density polyester fabric.

[0087] The method for preparing the cellulose hydrogel is as follows: microcrystalline cellulose is dissolved in a NaOH / urea mixed aqueous solution at a temperature of -5℃, and stirred to obtain a cellulose / NaOH / urea mixed aqueous solution. Then, the above aqueous solution is placed in a refrigerator at -15℃ and frozen for 24 h, and then thawed to obtain a cellulose hydrogel with a concentration of 2.4wt%.

[0088] The method for preparing the cellulose / wool mixed gel is as follows:

[0089] S11. Dissolve short-cut wool in a NaOH / urea mixed aqueous solution and react at 75℃ for 95 min to prepare a wool hydrolysate with a concentration of 11.2 wt%.

[0090] S12. Add microcrystalline cellulose to the wool hydrolysate prepared in step S11, stir until the microcrystalline cellulose is dissolved and dispersed, the mass ratio of microcrystalline cellulose to wool hydrolysate is 1:35, then add inorganic acid to adjust the pH of the solution to 6, and obtain composite gel;

[0091] S13. Hollow silane-modified nano-silica is added to the composite gel, with a weight ratio of silica to composite gel of 1:45. The mixture is stirred and stirred until homogeneous to obtain a cellulose / wool mixed gel.

[0092] Comparative Example 1

[0093] A multi-component thermal insulation high-density polyester fabric includes a fabric layer, a thermal insulation layer and a skin-friendly layer. The fabric layer is a high-density polyester fabric, the thermal insulation layer is a gel layer, and the skin-friendly layer is an electrospun layer. The porosity of the gel layer is 92.3%, and the average pore size is 99.9 nm.

[0094] The preparation method of the multi-component heat-insulating high-density polyester fabric includes the following steps:

[0095] S1. The polyester fabric is subjected to alkali reduction treatment. The alkali reduction treatment process is as follows: the concentration of sodium hydroxide solution is 20%, the treatment temperature is 85℃, the solid-liquid ratio is 1:40, and the treatment time is 40s, to obtain surface-modified polyester fabric.

[0096] S2. Apply a cellulose hydrogel with a thickness of 1.9 mm to one side of the modified polyester fabric, immerse the modified polyester fabric in an ethanol solution to gel it, and prepare a polyester fabric covered with a gel layer.

[0097] S3. The polyester fabric with macroporous gel layer prepared in step S2 is subjected to instantaneous high-temperature heat setting at 100°C for 10s to obtain a polyester fabric with a carbonized gel layer on the surface.

[0098] S4. The surface of the carbonized gel layer prepared in step S3 is used to prepare a skin-friendly layer on the polyester fabric surface by electrospinning. The thickness of the electrospinned layer is 0.1 mm and the porosity is 70%, finally obtaining a multi-component heat-insulating high-density polyester fabric.

[0099] The method for preparing the cellulose hydrogel is as follows: microcrystalline cellulose is dissolved in a NaOH / urea mixed aqueous solution at a temperature of -5℃, and stirred to obtain a cellulose / NaOH / urea mixed aqueous solution. Then, the above aqueous solution is placed in a refrigerator at -20℃ and frozen for 24 h, and then thawed to obtain a cellulose hydrogel with a concentration of 3.2wt%.

[0100] Comparative Example 2

[0101] A multi-component thermal insulation high-density polyester fabric includes a fabric layer, a thermal insulation layer, and a skin-friendly layer. The fabric layer is a high-density polyester fabric, the thermal insulation layer is a composite gel layer, and the skin-friendly layer is an electrospun layer. The composite gel layer is composed of a macroporous gel layer and a microporous gel layer. The macroporous gel layer has a porosity of 92.5% and an average pore size of 116 nm, while the microporous gel layer has a porosity of 98.5% and an average pore size of 65.1 nm.

[0102] The preparation method of the multi-component heat-insulating high-density polyester fabric includes the following steps:

[0103] S1. The polyester fabric is subjected to alkali reduction treatment. The alkali reduction treatment process is as follows: the concentration of sodium hydroxide solution is 15%, the treatment temperature is 85℃, the solid-liquid ratio is 1:50, and the treatment time is 60s, to obtain surface-modified polyester fabric.

[0104] S2. Apply a cellulose hydrogel with a thickness of 1.2 mm to one side of the modified polyester fabric, immerse the modified polyester fabric in an ethanol solution to gel it, and prepare a polyester fabric covered with a macroporous gel layer.

[0105] S3. The polyester fabric with the macroporous gel layer prepared in step S2 is subjected to instantaneous high-temperature heat setting at 110°C for 8 seconds to obtain a polyester fabric with a carbonized macroporous gel layer on the surface.

[0106] S4. Coat the surface of the polyester fabric with the carbonized macroporous gel layer prepared in step S3 with a cellulose / wool mixed gel with a thickness of 0.29 mm, and dry to obtain a polyester fabric with a heat insulation layer.

[0107] S5. The surface of the polyester fabric with the thermal insulation layer prepared in step S4 is electrospun to prepare a skin-friendly layer. The thickness of the electrospun layer is 0.14 mm and the porosity is 74.3%, finally obtaining a multi-component thermal insulation high-density polyester fabric.

[0108] The method for preparing the cellulose hydrogel is as follows: microcrystalline cellulose is dissolved in a NaOH / urea mixed aqueous solution at a temperature of -5℃, and stirred to obtain a cellulose / NaOH / urea mixed aqueous solution. Then, the above aqueous solution is placed in a refrigerator at -15℃ and frozen for 24 h, and then thawed to obtain a cellulose hydrogel with a concentration of 2.4wt%.

[0109] The method for preparing the cellulose / wool mixed gel is as follows:

[0110] S11. Dissolve short-cut wool in a NaOH / urea mixed aqueous solution and react at 75℃ for 95 min to prepare a wool hydrolysate with a concentration of 11.2 wt%.

[0111] S12. Add microcrystalline cellulose to the wool hydrolysate prepared in step S11 and stir until the microcrystalline cellulose is dissolved and dispersed. The mass ratio of microcrystalline cellulose to wool hydrolysate is 1:35. Then add inorganic acid to adjust the pH of the solution to 6 to obtain cellulose / wool mixed gel.

[0112] Comparative Example 3

[0113] A multi-component thermal insulation high-density polyester fabric includes a fabric layer, a thermal insulation layer, and a skin-friendly layer. The fabric layer is a high-density polyester fabric, the thermal insulation layer is a composite gel layer, and the skin-friendly layer is an electrospun layer. The composite gel layer is composed of a macroporous gel layer and a microporous gel layer. The macroporous gel layer has a porosity of 92.6% and an average pore size of 123.2 nm, while the microporous gel layer has a porosity of 97.6% and an average pore size of 75.6 nm.

[0114] The preparation method of the multi-component heat-insulating high-density polyester fabric includes the following steps:

[0115] S1. The polyester fabric is subjected to alkali reduction treatment. The alkali reduction treatment process is as follows: the concentration of sodium hydroxide solution is 20%, the treatment temperature is 85℃, the solid-liquid ratio is 1:40, and the treatment time is 40s, to obtain surface-modified polyester fabric.

[0116] S2. Apply a cellulose hydrogel with a thickness of 1.9 mm to one side of the modified polyester fabric, immerse the modified polyester fabric in an ethanol solution to gel it, and prepare a polyester fabric with a pore gel layer.

[0117] S3. The polyester fabric with the small-pore gel layer prepared in step S2 is subjected to instantaneous high-temperature heat setting at 100°C for 10 seconds to obtain a polyester fabric with a carbonized small-pore gel layer on the surface.

[0118] S4. Coat the surface of the polyester fabric with the carbonized porous gel layer prepared in step S3 with a cellulose / wool mixed gel with a thickness of 0.4 mm, and dry to obtain a polyester fabric with a heat insulation layer.

[0119] S5. The surface of the polyester fabric with the thermal insulation layer prepared in step S4 is electrospun to prepare a skin-friendly layer. The thickness of the electrospun layer is 0.1 mm and the porosity is 70%, finally obtaining a multi-component thermal insulation high-density polyester fabric.

[0120] The method for preparing the cellulose hydrogel is as follows: microcrystalline cellulose is dissolved in a NaOH / urea mixed aqueous solution at a temperature of -5℃, and stirred to obtain a cellulose / NaOH / urea mixed aqueous solution. Then, the above aqueous solution is placed in a refrigerator at -20℃ and frozen for 24 h, and then thawed to obtain a cellulose hydrogel with a concentration of 3.5wt%.

[0121] The method for preparing the cellulose / wool mixed gel is as follows:

[0122] S11. Dissolve short-cut wool in a NaOH / urea mixed aqueous solution and react at 80℃ for 60 min to prepare a wool hydrolysate with a concentration of 8wt%.

[0123] S12. Add microcrystalline cellulose to the wool hydrolysate prepared in step S11, stir until the microcrystalline cellulose is dissolved and dispersed, the mass ratio of microcrystalline cellulose to wool hydrolysate is 1:40, then add inorganic acid to adjust the pH of the solution to 6, and obtain composite gel;

[0124] S13. Hollow silane-modified nano-silica is added to the composite gel at a weight ratio of 1:50. The mixture is stirred until homogeneous to obtain a cellulose / wool hybrid gel.

[0125] The thermal insulation performance of the examples and comparative examples was tested. The experimental principle and specific experimental data are as follows:

[0126] Test principle: The sample is covered on the electric heating test plate. The test plate and its surrounding and bottom heat protection ring (protective plate) can maintain the same constant temperature. A temperature sensor transmits the data to the computer to maintain the constant temperature. The heat of the electric heating test plate can only be dissipated through the sample. The computer determines the heating time required for the test plate to maintain a constant temperature within a certain period of time and calculates the heat preservation rate. The humidified air can flow parallel to the upper surface of the sample.

[0127] Thermal insulation rate (%) <![CDATA[Heat transfer coefficient (W / m 2 •°C)]]> Example 1 90.9 1.38 Example 2 87.8 1.78 Example 3 91.5 1.31 Example 4 89.9 1.56 Example 5 93.4 1.02 Comparative Example 1 78.5 3.12 Comparative Example 2 82.6 2.67 Comparative Example 3 84.3 2.07 High-density polyester fabric 63.2 7.83

[0128] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely illustrative examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A multi-component, high-density, heat-insulating polyester fabric, characterized in that, It includes a fabric layer, an insulation layer, and a skin-friendly layer. The fabric layer is a high-density polyester fabric, the insulation layer is a composite gel layer, and the skin-friendly layer is an electrospun layer. The composite gel layer is composed of a macroporous gel layer and a microporous gel layer. The macroporous gel layer has a porosity of 90-95% and an average pore size of 102.3-130 nm, while the microporous gel layer has a porosity of 96-99% and an average pore size of 50-100 nm. The microporous gel layer is closer to the body and the macroporous gel layer is further away from the body and closer to the polyester fabric layer. The preparation method of the multi-component heat-insulating high-density polyester fabric includes the following steps: S1. The polyester fabric is subjected to alkali reduction treatment to obtain a surface-modified polyester fabric. S2. Apply a cellulose hydrogel with a thickness of 1-2 mm to one side of the surface-modified polyester fabric, immerse the surface-modified polyester fabric in an ethanol solution to gel it, and prepare a polyester fabric covered with a macroporous gel layer. S3. The polyester fabric with the macroporous gel layer prepared in step S2 is subjected to instantaneous high-temperature heat setting at a temperature of 100-120℃ for 5-10s to obtain a polyester fabric with a carbonized macroporous gel layer on the surface. S4. Coat the surface of the polyester fabric with the carbonized macroporous gel layer prepared in step S3 with a cellulose / wool mixed gel with a thickness of 0.2-0.4 mm, and dry to obtain a polyester fabric with a heat-insulating layer. S5. The surface of the polyester fabric with the thermal insulation layer prepared in step S4 is electrospinned to prepare a skin-friendly layer, and finally a multi-component thermal insulation high-density polyester fabric is obtained.

2. The multi-component thermal insulation high-density polyester fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process for reducing alkali content involves using a sodium hydroxide solution with a concentration of 10-20%, a treatment temperature of 80-85℃, a solid-liquid ratio of 1:40-60, and a treatment time of 40-90 seconds.

3. The multi-component thermal insulation high-density polyester fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for preparing the cellulose hydrogel is as follows: microcrystalline cellulose is dissolved in a NaOH / urea mixed aqueous solution at a temperature of -5℃, and stirred to obtain a cellulose / NaOH / urea mixed aqueous solution. Then, the above cellulose / NaOH / urea mixed aqueous solution is placed in a refrigerator at -20 to -15℃ and frozen for 24 h, and then thawed to obtain a cellulose hydrogel with a concentration of 2-3wt%.

4. The multi-component thermal insulation high-density polyester fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for preparing the cellulose / wool hybrid gel is as follows: S11. Dissolve short-cut wool in a NaOH / urea mixed aqueous solution and react at 70-80℃ for 60-120 min to prepare a wool hydrolysate with a concentration of 8-14wt%. S12. Add microcrystalline cellulose to the wool hydrolysate prepared in step S11, stir until the microcrystalline cellulose is dissolved and dispersed, and then add inorganic acid to adjust the pH of the solution to 6-6.5 to obtain a composite gel. S13. Add hollow silica particles to the composite gel and stir to mix evenly to obtain a cellulose / wool mixed gel.

5. The multi-component thermal insulation high-density polyester fabric according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S12, the mass ratio of microcrystalline cellulose to wool hydrolysate is 1:30-40.

6. The multi-component thermal insulation high-density polyester fabric according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S13, the hollow silica particles are silane-modified nano-hollow silica, and the weight ratio of silica to composite gel is 1:40-50.

7. The multi-component thermal insulation high-density polyester fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, the thickness of the electrospun layer is 0.1-0.2 mm, and the porosity is 70-75%.