A reactive power flow tracking method considering output fluctuation of offshore wind farm

Abstract

This invention discloses a reactive power flow tracing method considering the power output fluctuations of offshore wind farms. First, it analyzes the main components of the reactive load in the wind farm's power collection system. Then, it solves for the distribution of reactive power sources of each load within the wind farm group when the active power output of the wind farm remains constant. Based on this, it uses the active power output of the wind farm as a variable parameter in the power flow equation and specifies its range of variation. This invention can express the reactive power flow distribution of wind farms affected by random power output as a set of polynomial functions with wind turbine output as the parameter to be studied. Using the obtained functional relationships, the distribution of reactive power flow in the wind farm's power collection system under fluctuating active power output can be analyzed. This method is applicable to solving the reactive power output composition of wind turbines under fluctuating wind farm output, has high computational efficiency, and can provide a scientific and reasonable basis for power system reactive voltage stability analysis and grid loss allocation problems in the electricity market.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of power system technology, and relates to the field of reactive power flow analysis of offshore wind power collection systems, and in particular to a reactive power flow tracking method that takes into account the output fluctuations of offshore wind farms. Background Technology

[0002] Analyzing the voltage stability of a power system is fundamental to its safe operation. With the continuous expansion of offshore wind power integration, the impact of new energy sources on the voltage stability of the receiving-end AC grid is deepening. The uncertainty of new energy output will trigger a series of problems in the operation and dispatch of the receiving-end grid. Therefore, the receiving-end grid generally requires wind farms to meet a series of operational boundary conditions upon integration to minimize the negative impact of wind farms on the AC main grid. Among these conditions, the fluctuating and intermittent nature of wind power output within a day can cause significant fluctuations in the voltage level at the integration point, thus affecting the reliability of power supply to loads in the vicinity of the integration point. Therefore, wind farms are generally required to provide a certain reactive power support capacity to ensure the rationality of the reactive power flow distribution of the offshore wind farm collection system, reduce reactive power exchange between the wind farm and the grid, and ultimately improve the voltage stability of the regional grid under new energy integration. In summary, analyzing and solving the reactive power flow distribution of the wind farm collection system is one of the key technical issues of wind farm grid-connected systems. The mesh structure of the power collection system provides numerous transmission paths for reactive power exchange between reactive power sources and reactive loads. To analyze the reactive power flow of a wind farm's power collection system, reactive power tracing (RTT) methods are needed to determine the distribution of reactive power sources at load nodes, thereby enabling further reactive power control. RTT methods include the function value method, sensitivity method, electrical decomposition method, and power decomposition method. These methods start from the power source and study the source of power in the transmission network. However, due to the fluctuations and intermittent nature of wind power output, the RTT results will vary depending on the wind power output level. None of the above RTT methods consider the randomness and fluctuations of wind power operation; they generally treat the wind farm's output as a fixed value, requiring repeated calculations of the reactive power flow distribution in the power collection system when the wind farm's output changes. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a reactive power flow tracking method that takes into account the power output fluctuations of offshore wind farms. This method can analyze the distribution of reactive power flow in the wind farm collection system under the condition of active power output fluctuations, give full play to the ability of offshore wind farms to participate in grid reactive power control, and ultimately improve the voltage stability of the regional power grid under the condition of new energy access.

[0004] Therefore, the above-mentioned objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0005] A reactive power flow tracking method that takes into account the power output fluctuations of offshore wind farms includes the following steps:

[0006] Step S1: Establish a mathematical model for power flow calculation of the wind farm collection system and solve the reactive power output scheme that simultaneously considers the active and reactive power losses of the collection system.

[0007] Step S2: Based on the reactive power output scheme in Step S1, perform reactive power flow tracing on the reactive power source distribution of each reactive load and analyze the composition of reactive power output of each wind turbine.

[0008] Step S3: Based on the composition analysis results of the reactive power of each wind turbine in Step S2, the polynomial approximation collocation method is used to solve the relationship between each component of the reactive power of the wind turbine and the active power of the wind turbine.

[0009] Further, step S1 specifically includes:

[0010] (1) Establish a mathematical model for power flow calculation of wind farm collection systems:

[0011] The detailed mathematical model of the wind farm's power collection system is the power flow analysis equation that includes components such as wind turbines, submarine cables, transformers, and reactive power compensation devices. The corresponding mathematical model is as follows:

[0012]

[0013] Among them, S B Let P be a set of nodes. Wi and Q Wi V represents the active power and reactive power generated by the wind farm at node i, respectively; i V represents the voltage magnitude at node i. j Y represents the voltage magnitude at node j. ij These are the elements of the node admittance matrix.

[0014] (2) Solve for reactive power output scheme that simultaneously considers active and reactive power losses of the collector system.

[0015] Based on the mathematical model of the wind farm collection system established in step (1), a mathematical model is constructed to solve the optimization problem of reactive power coordination and optimization control scheme, which simultaneously considers the active power loss and reactive power compensation capacity in the collection system:

[0016] min|P loss |+|Q pcc |

[0017]

[0018] Among them, P loss For the active power loss of the collector system, P pcc and Q pccThese represent the active and reactive power injections at the grid connection node of the wind farm system, S ij S represents the apparent power flowing through line ij. ij.min and S ij.max Q represents the lower and upper limits of the apparent power allowed to flow through line ij, respectively. min.i and Q max.i Let be the upper and lower limits of the reactive power output of the wind turbine at node i. Based on the optimization model (1.2), combined with the collocation method and the original dual interior point method, the reactive power output scheme that simultaneously considers the active and reactive power losses of the collector system can be solved.

[0019] Further, step S2 specifically involves: the reactive load in the collector system mainly includes the reactive power consumed by the connecting transformer and the submarine cable of the collector system. To perform reactive power flow tracking, the branches containing these components need to be equivalent to lossless branches, and the corresponding reactive losses need to be equivalent to loads. For the collector line, its charging power is equivalent to a reactive power source at both ends of the line using a π-shaped equivalent circuit; the reactive power loss of the line is equivalent to the reactive load on the virtual node by adding a virtual node in the middle of the line. Assume the system has n nodes and l branches, Q... i Let Q be the reactive power at node i. Gi Let the reactive power (including equivalent charging power) of node i be denoted as . Then the balance equation for the input reactive power of node i is:

[0020]

[0021] Where α i Let i be the set of all nodes that are directly connected to node i and input reactive power to node i.

[0022] Since the processed system is a lossless network, the branch power flow satisfies the following relationship:

[0023] Q ij =C ij Q j (2.2)

[0024] Where C ij Let the reactive power flow ratio on branch ij be the reactive power flow ratio at node i. Substituting equation (2.2) into equation (2.1) yields:

[0025]

[0026] The matrix form of equation (2.3) is:

[0027] AQ = Q G (2.4)

[0028] Where Q is the input reactive power vector of each node, Q GLet A be the reactive power vector of each node; A is a square matrix that satisfies the following element definition:

[0029]

[0030] Where A ij Let B be the element in the i-th row and j-th column of matrix A. Let B = A -1 Then Q = BQ G Matrix B describes the relationship between the reactive power output of each reactive power source node and the reactive power input of each node. When a node is a reactive power load node, matrix B describes the relationship between the reactive power output of the reactive power source node and the reactive power load of the node. By tracking the reactive power of each reactive power load node in the equivalent offshore wind farm group and its power collection system, the wind turbine number of the reactive power source and the amount of reactive power supplied by each reactive power load can be determined.

[0031] Analysis of matrix B reveals that the reactive power output of different wind turbines mainly consists of two parts:

[0032] Q Wi =Q Wi.T +Q Wi.L (2.6)

[0033] Among them, Q Wi.T Q Wi.L To obtain the reactive power composition of the wind turbine, Q Wi.T Q is the reactive power supplied by wind turbine i to the connecting transformer (including the wind farm step-up substation and the transformer box connected to the wind turbine). Wi.L The reactive power supplied to wind turbine i via its incoming line is given. Therefore, it can be seen that under the optimal coordinated control scheme, part of the reactive power output of the wind turbine is used for reactive power losses on its own incoming line, and the other part is used for reactive power losses on the step-up transformer connecting the wind farm to the receiving-end power grid. Next, in step S3, the relationship between the components of the wind turbine's reactive power output and its active power output will be further calculated.

[0034] Furthermore, step S3 specifically involves: based on the collocation method, determining the optimal reactive power component Q of fan i. Wi.T Q Wi.L The quantitative relationship between the active power output of the wind turbine and the wind turbine's output can be constructed as a polynomial approximation as follows:

[0035]

[0036] Where λ is the active power output coefficient of the wind farm, which varies in the range [0,1]. When λ=1, the wind farm operates at full load; when λ=0.5, the wind farm operates at half load; and when λ=0, the wind farm operates at no load. Φ(λ) is a polynomial basis function. and The approximation coefficients for the corresponding variables can be obtained using the following formula:

[0037]

[0038] Where χ=∫ D Φ(λ)dλ is the modulus of the polynomial basis function, and D is the range of λ. (m) m = 1, ..., M are locust points (also called integration points). and It is the configuration point λ (m) The optimal reactive power coordination control scheme for wind farm clusters, α m It is λ (m) The integral coefficients, the collocation points, and the corresponding integral coefficients α m It was determined using the sparse grid method. It is important to note that when the polynomial basis functions are chosen, χ, α... m , λ (m) It has already been pre-designed in the point allocation method, so and The sampling results at the configuration point will be received. and The influence of this. The undetermined coefficients in equation (3.1) can be solved using equation (3.2). and This leads to the composition Q describing the active power output of the wind farm and the reactive power output of the wind turbine. Wi.T Q Wi.L The polynomial approximation of the quantitative relationship.

[0039] In practical applications, since the output of the wind turbine changes in real time with the ambient wind speed, in order to solve the reactive power flow distribution of the wind farm collection system when the wind speed changes in real time, after obtaining the functional relationship (3.1) between the active power output and the reactive power output of the wind turbine in advance, we only need to substitute the actual output of the wind turbine into the functional relationship (3.1) during actual operation to obtain the reactive power flow distribution of the wind farm collection system under the corresponding active power output.

[0040] In a second aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the above-described reactive power flow tracing method.

[0041] In a third aspect of the present invention, an electronic device is provided, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that the processor executes the program to implement the steps of the above-described reactive power flow tracking method.

[0042] This invention addresses the problem of determining the reactive power flow distribution of wind farm collection systems under fluctuating wind power output. First, it analyzes the main components of reactive loads in the wind farm collection system. Then, it solves for the distribution of reactive power sources in the wind farm cluster when the active power output of the wind farm remains constant. Based on this, it proposes a reactive power flow tracking method that considers the output fluctuations of offshore wind farms, using the active power output of the wind farm as a variable parameter in the power flow equation and specifying its range of variation. This invention has the following advantages: it can express the reactive power flow distribution of wind farms affected by random wind farm output as a set of polynomial functions with wind turbine output as the parameter to be studied. Using the obtained functions, the distribution of reactive power flow in the wind farm collection system under fluctuating active power output can be analyzed. This method is applicable to solving the reactive power output composition of wind turbines under fluctuating wind farm output, has high computational efficiency, and can provide a scientific and reasonable basis for power system reactive voltage stability analysis and grid loss allocation problems in the electricity market. Attached Figure Description

[0043] Figure 1 This is a topology diagram of a 1GW wind farm power collection system.

[0044] Figure 2 The graph shows the relationship between the reactive power output of the connecting transformer supplying power to wind turbines W1-W4 and the active power output of the wind turbines.

[0045] Figure 3 The graph shows the relationship between the reactive power output supplied to the incoming line of wind turbines W1-W4 and the active power output of the wind turbines. Detailed Implementation

[0046] The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0047] This embodiment uses a 1GW wind farm power collection system as an example. The wind farm consists of 73 wind turbines with a capacity of 13.6MW and one wind turbine with a capacity of 8MW. The voltage level of the power collection system is 66kV, which is stepped up by a substation before being connected to the main grid. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, the active power output coefficient λ of the wind farm is set to vary within the range of [0,1] with environmental conditions. The topology diagram and detailed data of the system can be found on [link to system diagram]. Figure 1 Obtained from [the source].

[0048] Step S1: Establish a mathematical model for power flow calculation of the wind farm collection system and solve the reactive power output scheme that simultaneously considers the active and reactive power losses of the collection system.

[0049] (1) Establish a mathematical model for power flow calculation of wind farm collection systems:

[0050] The detailed mathematical model of the wind farm's power collection system is the power flow analysis equation that includes components such as wind turbines, submarine cables, transformers, and reactive power compensation devices. The corresponding mathematical model is as follows:

[0051]

[0052] Among them, S B Let P be a set of nodes. Wi and Q Wi V represents the active power and reactive power generated by the wind farm at node i, respectively; i V represents the voltage magnitude at node i. j Y represents the voltage magnitude at node j. ij These are the elements of the node admittance matrix.

[0053] (2) Solve for reactive power output scheme that simultaneously considers active and reactive power losses of the collector system.

[0054] When the power output of the wind farm is determined, the active power output coefficient λ is a constant. Based on the mathematical model of the wind farm collection system established in step (1), a mathematical model is constructed that simultaneously considers the active power loss and reactive power compensation capacity in the collection system to solve the optimization problem of reactive power coordination and optimization control scheme:

[0055] min|P loss |+|Q pcc |

[0056]

[0057] Among them, P loss For the active power loss of the collector system, P pcc and Q pcc These represent the active and reactive power injections at the grid connection node of the wind farm system, S ij S represents the apparent power flowing through line ij. ij.min and S ij.max Q represents the lower and upper limits of the apparent power allowed to flow through line ij, respectively. min.i and Q max.i Let be the upper and lower limits of the reactive power output of the wind turbine at node i. Based on the optimization model (1.2), combined with the collocation method and the original dual interior point method, the reactive power output scheme that simultaneously considers the active and reactive power losses of the collector system can be solved. If the active power output coefficient λ = 1, the reactive power output schemes for the wind farm under rated operation are shown in Table 1:

[0058] Table 1 Reactive power output scheme for wind farms under rated operation

[0059]

[0060] As shown in Table 1, the reactive power output of wind turbines is not completely equal during the rated operation of a wind farm. Its distribution is related to the topology of the power collection system. Generally speaking, the closer the wind turbine is to the substation, the more reactive power it generates.

[0061] Step S2: Based on the reactive power output scheme in Step S1, perform reactive power flow tracing on the reactive power source distribution of each reactive load and analyze the composition of reactive power output of each wind turbine.

[0062] The reactive load in a collector system mainly includes the reactive power consumed by the connecting transformers and the submarine cables of the collector system. To perform reactive power flow tracing, the branches containing these components must be equivalent to lossless branches, and the corresponding reactive losses must be equivalent to loads. For collector lines, their charging power is equivalent to reactive power at both ends of the line using a π-shaped equivalent circuit; the reactive power losses of the line are equivalent to the reactive loads on the virtual nodes by adding virtual nodes in the middle of the line. Assume the system has n nodes and l branches, Q... i Let Q be the reactive power at node i. Gi Let the reactive power (including equivalent charging power) of node i be denoted as . Then the balance equation for the input reactive power of node i is:

[0063]

[0064] Where α i Let i be the set of all nodes that are directly connected to node i and input reactive power to node i.

[0065] Since the processed system is a lossless network, the branch power flow satisfies the following relationship:

[0066] Q ij =C ij Q j (2.2)

[0067] Where C ij Let the reactive power flow ratio on branch ij be the reactive power flow ratio at node i. Substituting equation (2.2) into equation (2.1) yields:

[0068]

[0069] The matrix form of equation (2.3) is:

[0070] AQ = Q G (2.4)

[0071] Where Q is the input reactive power vector of each node, Q G Let A be the reactive power vector of each node; A is a square matrix that satisfies the following element definition:

[0072]

[0073] Where A ij Let B be the element in the i-th row and j-th column of matrix A. Let B = A -1 Then Q = BQ G Matrix B describes the relationship between the reactive power output of each reactive power source node and the reactive power input of each node. When a node is a reactive power load node, matrix B describes the relationship between the reactive power output of the reactive power source node and the reactive power load of the node. By tracking the reactive power of each reactive power load node in the equivalent offshore wind farm group and its power collection system, the wind turbine number of the reactive power source and the amount of reactive power supplied by each reactive power load can be determined.

[0074] Analysis of matrix B reveals that the reactive power output of different wind turbines mainly consists of two parts:

[0075] Q Wi =Q Wi.T +Q Wi.L (2.6)

[0076] Among them, Q Wi.T Q Wi.L To obtain the reactive power composition of the wind turbine, Q Wi.T Q is the reactive power supplied by wind turbine i to the connecting transformer (including the wind farm step-up substation and the transformer box connected to the wind turbine). Wi.L The reactive power supplied to wind turbine i via its incoming line is given. Therefore, it can be seen that under the optimal coordinated control scheme, part of the reactive power output of the wind turbine is used for reactive power losses on its own incoming line, and the other part is used for reactive power losses on the step-up transformer connecting the wind farm to the receiving-end power grid. Next, in step S3, the relationship between the components of the wind turbine's reactive power output and its active power output will be further calculated.

[0077] Step S3: Based on the composition analysis results of the reactive power output of each wind turbine in Step S2, the polynomial approximation collocation method is used to solve the relationship between each component of the wind turbine's reactive power output and its active power output:

[0078] Taking wind turbine W1 as an example, based on the point allocation method, the optimal reactive power component Q of wind turbine W1 is... W1.T Q W1.L The quantitative relationship between the active power output of the wind turbine and the wind turbine's output can be constructed as a polynomial approximation as follows:

[0079]

[0080] Wherein, λ is the active power output coefficient of the wind farm, which varies in the range of [0,1]. When λ=1, the wind farm operates at full load; when λ=0.5, the wind farm operates at half load; and when λ=0, the wind farm operates at no load. Figure 2 and Figure 3The graphs show the relationship between the reactive power output supplied by wind turbines W1-W4 to the transformer and the active power output of the wind turbines, respectively. The graphs also show the relationship between the reactive power output supplied by wind turbines W1-W4 to the incoming line and the active power output of the wind turbines. The results show that wind turbines W1-W4 are located on the same incoming line, and their electrical distance from the substation increases sequentially. As the electrical distance increases, the reactive power supplied by the wind turbines to the transformer and the incoming line decreases. This is because the reactive power required for local compensation of reactive power consumption on the components is minimal. The results in the graphs are consistent with those in Table 1. In practical applications, since the wind turbine output changes in real time with the ambient wind speed, to solve the reactive power flow distribution of the wind farm's collection system when the wind speed changes in real time, after obtaining the functional relationship (3.1) between the active power output and its reactive power composition of the wind turbines, it is only necessary to substitute the actual output of the wind turbines into the functional relationship (3.1) during actual operation to obtain the reactive power flow distribution of the wind farm's collection system under the corresponding active power output.

[0081] From the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art will clearly understand that the facilities of the present invention can be implemented using software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms. Embodiments of the present invention can be implemented using existing processors, or by dedicated processors used for this or other purposes for suitable systems, or by hardwired systems. Embodiments of the present invention also include non-transitory computer-readable storage media, comprising machine-readable media for carrying or having machine-executable instructions or data structures stored thereon; such machine-readable media can be any available medium accessible by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer or other machine with a processor. For example, such machine-readable media can include RAM, ROM, EPROM, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disc storage, disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to carry or store the required program code in the form of machine-executable instructions or data structures and is accessible by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer or other machine with a processor. When information is transmitted or provided to a machine via a network or other communication connection (hardwired, wireless, or a combination of hardwired and wireless), that connection is also considered a machine-readable medium.

[0082] The above specific embodiments are used to explain and illustrate the present invention, and are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made to the present invention within the spirit and scope of the claims shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A reactive power flow tracking method considering power output fluctuations in offshore wind farms, characterized in that: The method includes the following steps: Step S1: Establish a mathematical model for power flow calculation of the wind farm collection system and solve the reactive power output scheme that simultaneously considers the active and reactive power losses of the collection system. Step S2: Based on the reactive power output scheme in Step S1, perform reactive power flow tracing on the reactive power source distribution of each reactive load and analyze the composition of reactive power output of each wind turbine. Step S3: Based on the composition analysis results of the reactive power of each wind turbine in Step S2, the polynomial approximation collocation method is used to solve the relationship between each component of the reactive power of the wind turbine and the active power of the wind turbine. Step S1 specifically includes: (1) Establish a mathematical model for power flow calculation of wind farm collection systems: The mathematical model used for power flow calculations in wind farm collection systems consists of a set of equations that include mathematical models of wind turbine generators, submarine transmission cables, substations, and wind turbine transformer equipment. (1.1) wherein is a set of nodes in a wind farm, and are active power and reactive power, respectively, of a wind turbine at a corresponding node ; is a voltage amplitude at a node ; is a voltage amplitude at a node ; is a nodal admittance matrix element, is a phase angle difference between a node and a node ; (2) Solve for reactive power output scheme that simultaneously considers the active and reactive power losses of the collector system. Based on the mathematical model of the wind farm collection system established in step (1), a mathematical model is constructed to solve the optimization problem of reactive power coordination and optimization control scheme, which simultaneously considers the active power loss and reactive power compensation capacity in the collection system: (1.2) in, For the active power loss of the collector system, and These refer to the active and reactive power injections at the grid connection node of the wind farm system. For the line Apparent power flowing upstream, and The lines are respectively The lower and upper limits of the apparent power that can flow through. and For nodes The upper and lower limits of the reactive power output of the wind turbine are determined; based on the optimization model (1.2), the original dual interior point method of optimization solution can be used to solve the reactive power output scheme that considers both the active and reactive power losses of the collector system. Step S2 specifically involves: The reactive load in the collector system mainly includes the reactive power consumed by the connecting transformer and the submarine cable of the collector system. In order to perform reactive power flow tracking, the branches where these components are located are equivalent to lossless branches, and the corresponding reactive power losses are equivalent to loads. For the collector lines, their charging power is equivalent to reactive power sources at both ends of the line using a π-shaped equivalent circuit. The reactive power losses of the lines are equivalent to the reactive loads on the virtual nodes by adding virtual nodes in the middle of the lines. The matrix form of the reactive power balance equation of the collector system after equivalence is as follows: (2.4) in The input reactive vector for each node is... The reactive power vector for each node; A square matrix defined to satisfy the following elements: (2.5) in For matrix The Middle Line number Column elements; let ,but ;matrix This describes the relationship between the reactive power output and reactive power input of each reactive power source node. When a node belongs to a reactive power load node, the matrix... The relationship between reactive power output and reactive power load of reactive power source nodes is described. By tracking the reactive power of each reactive load node in the equivalent offshore wind farm group and its power collection system, the wind turbine number and the amount of reactive power supplied by each reactive load can be determined. From the matrix Analysis reveals that the reactive power output of different wind turbines mainly consists of two parts: (2.6) in, , To obtain the composition of the reactive power output of the wind turbine, For wind turbine The reactive power supplied to the connecting transformer, For wind turbine The reactive power supplied to the fan inlet.

2. The reactive power flow tracking method considering power output fluctuations in offshore wind farms according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S3 specifically involves: based on the point allocation method, the fan... Components of optimal reactive power , The quantitative relationship between the active power output of the wind turbine and the wind turbine's output can be constructed as a polynomial approximation as follows: (3.1) in, The active power output coefficient of the wind farm is... Variations within the range, when At that time, the wind farm was operating at full load. At that time, the wind farm was operating at half load. At that time, the wind farm was operating under no-load conditions; For polynomial basis functions, and For the approximation coefficients of the corresponding variables; since the output of the wind turbine changes in real time with the ambient wind speed, in order to solve the reactive power flow distribution of the wind farm collection system when the wind speed changes in real time, after obtaining the functional relationship (3.1) between the active power output and the reactive power output of the wind turbine in advance, it is only necessary to substitute the actual output of the wind turbine into the functional relationship (3.1) during actual operation to obtain the reactive power flow distribution of the wind farm collection system under the corresponding active power output.

3. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the steps of the reactive power flow tracing method as described in claim 1 or 2.

4. An electronic device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the program, it implements the steps of the reactive power flow tracking method as described in claim 1 or 2.

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