An experimental platform for simulating backfilling of underground water flow field in coal mine

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of coal mine simulation experiment technology, and particularly to a coal mine groundwater flow field replenishment simulation experimental platform. It includes a vibration frame with a side plate on one side. Several sets of plug-in mechanisms are evenly distributed along the vertical direction on the side plate. Each set of plug-in mechanisms sequentially engages a finished water storage box, a coal mine simulation unit, several sets of soil simulation units, and a set of surface simulation units from bottom to top. The surface simulation unit, coal mine simulation unit, finished water storage box, and each set of soil simulation units can be independently disassembled. Furthermore, the soil simulation units can realistically simulate the actual distribution of underground soil layers at the experimental site. When it is necessary to extract samples from a sampling unit, only two adjacent sets of soil simulation units need to be spatially isolated without stopping the experiment, thus improving the continuity of the experiment and the convenience of sampling.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of coal mine simulation experiment technology, and specifically relates to a coal mine groundwater flow field replenishment simulation experiment platform. Background Technology

[0002] Coal mining processes impact local geology, particularly the process of surface water replenishing the groundwater flow field. This necessitates testing the water quality within different soil layers. To improve the ease of testing, a simulation platform needs to be designed to mimic the real terrain, thereby obtaining accurate data on the surface water infiltration process.

[0003] A search revealed that announcement number CN111999032B, published on July 5, 2022, discloses a dynamic simulation method for surface water recharge of groundwater. This method includes: a surface water input unit, a groundwater input unit, a discharge unit, a river simulation unit, a vadose zone simulation unit, an aquifer simulation unit, and a flow monitoring unit. The river simulation unit is connected to both the surface water input unit and the discharge unit; the aquifer simulation unit is connected to the groundwater input unit; and the river simulation unit, vadose zone simulation unit, and aquifer simulation unit are arranged vertically downwards in sequence. This embodiment enables the simulation of various surface runoff patterns.

[0004] However, the above embodiments still have the following drawbacks: the actual soil conditions at the experimental site cannot be directly transferred to the experimental platform, making it impossible to detect the impact of each soil layer on water quality. Furthermore, when it is necessary to sample water from the soil, the entire experimental platform must be stopped, which affects the continuity of the experiment and reduces the convenience of sampling. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a coal mine groundwater flow field replenishment simulation experimental platform, comprising a vibration frame, a side plate on one side of the vibration frame, and several sets of plug-in mechanisms evenly distributed along the vertical direction on the side plate; each set of plug-in mechanisms sequentially engages a finished water storage box, a coal mine simulation unit, several sets of soil simulation units, and a set of surface simulation units from bottom to top;

[0006] The soil simulation unit includes a bottom frame; a glass observation frame is provided at the top of the bottom frame, and a top frame is provided at the top of the glass observation frame; two sets of side extension plates are symmetrically provided on both sides of the bottom frame, and an isolation mechanism is provided in the extension plates; a side sliding groove is provided on the side wall of the bottom frame perpendicular to the side extension plates, and an isolation door power mechanism is provided on the side wall of the bottom frame near the side sliding groove; both sets of isolation mechanisms are connected to the isolation door power mechanism through transmission, and relative directional movement is achieved through the isolation door power mechanism;

[0007] The isolation mechanism includes an isolation door body; the isolation door body is connected to the isolation door power mechanism; one side of the isolation door body near the axis of the bottom frame is set as an inclined surface in the horizontal direction, and the thickness of the inclined surface is less than the thickness of the side away from it; several sets of sawtooth interfaces are equally spaced in the horizontal direction on the inclined surface; two sets of the isolation door bodies are interlocked with each other through the sawtooth interfaces.

[0008] A sampling unit is provided on the side wall of the glass observation frame.

[0009] Furthermore, the insertion mechanism includes two sets of platform fixing frames symmetrically arranged along the central axis in the height direction of the side plate, and a set of insertion rods is provided on the opposite side wall of each of the two sets of platform fixing frames; a set of second insertion slots is provided on the opposite outer walls of the bottom frame, and the bottom frame is movably inserted into the corresponding two sets of insertion rods through the two sets of second insertion slots.

[0010] Furthermore, the two ends of the side sliding groove extend into the cavities of the two sets of side extension plates, respectively.

[0011] Furthermore, the isolation door power mechanism includes a lead screw mounting cylinder, a lead screw connecting block at the center of the lead screw mounting cylinder, and a second lead screw and a third lead screw at both ends of the lead screw connecting block, with the second lead screw and the third lead screw having opposite thread directions; a servo motor is driven to the end of the second lead screw away from the third lead screw; two sets of second sliders are symmetrically arranged in the side sliding groove along their length centerline, one end of each set of second sliders is threaded to the second lead screw and the third lead screw respectively, and the other ends of each set of second sliders extend into the two sets of side extension plates respectively, and are respectively disposed on a set of isolation mechanisms.

[0012] Furthermore, the surface simulation unit includes a surface simulation platform; an experimental pool is provided on the top of the surface simulation platform, and a slope is provided at the bottom of the experimental pool; a river simulation unit is provided on the slope, and a weather control system is provided directly above the experimental pool; several sets of transverse chutes are evenly distributed along the length of the slope, and a first lead screw is provided below the transverse chutes, with one end of the first lead screw extending to the outside of the surface simulation platform; a first slider is slidably connected inside the transverse chutes, and two sets of pleated sleeves are symmetrically provided on both sides of the first slider, with the bottom of the first slider threadedly connected to the first lead screw.

[0013] Furthermore, the top of the first slider is provided with a simulation plate fixing rod, and the river simulation unit is movably inserted into each set of simulation plate fixing rods along the length of the slope, with a waterproof ring at the joint; a circulating water tank is provided below the experimental pool, and an intermediate pipe is connected to the circulating water tank, with the other end of the intermediate pipe connected to the lower end of the river simulation unit; a drain valve is provided directly above the higher end of the river simulation unit, and a micro pump is connected to the input end of the drain valve, with the micro pump connected to the circulating water tank.

[0014] Furthermore, several sets of surface seepage holes are evenly distributed on the slope, and the bottom of the surface seepage holes is connected to a seepage pipe, the other end of which extends vertically downward to the outside of the surface simulation platform.

[0015] Furthermore, the coal mine simulation unit includes a coal mine simulation frame; the coal mine simulation frame is located at the bottom of the lowest group of soil simulation units, and a tempered glass plate is provided on the side wall of the coal mine simulation frame; several groups of second permeation holes are evenly distributed on the inner wall at the bottom of the coal mine simulation frame.

[0016] Furthermore, a power box is connected to one side wall of the coal mine simulation frame, and an electric push rod is provided on the inner wall of the power box. A drilling strip is provided on the output end of the electric push rod, and the other end of the drilling strip extends movably into the cavity of the coal mine simulation frame, and a drill bit is provided at the port. The outer diameter of the drill bit is smaller than the outer diameter of the drilling strip.

[0017] Furthermore, a bottom sliding groove is provided on the inner wall of the bottom of the coal mine simulation frame, and the drilling strip is slidably connected to the bottom sliding groove; two sets of third insertion slots are symmetrically provided on the two side walls of the coal mine simulation frame, and the coal mine simulation frame is movably inserted into the corresponding two sets of insertion rods through the two sets of third insertion slots.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0019] 1. The surface simulation unit, coal mine simulation unit, finished water storage box, and each group of soil simulation units can be disassembled independently. Furthermore, each group of soil simulation units can realistically simulate the distribution of underground soil layers at the experimental site. When it is necessary to extract samples from a sampling unit or add soil to a soil simulation unit, simply close the isolation door on the current group and the group above it to spatially isolate that group of soil simulation units from the two adjacent groups. This eliminates the need to stop the experiment, thus improving experimental continuity and sampling convenience.

[0020] 2. The two sets of isolation doors are positioned opposite each other, with both opposite side walls being sloped. Because the thickness of the sloped surface is less than the thickness of the side of the isolation door closest to the mounting plate, the isolation door can effectively peel away the underground soil to the upper and lower sides when closed. This reduces the resistance when closing the isolation door and prevents it from getting stuck in the soil. Furthermore, several sets of serrated joints are evenly spaced horizontally on the sloped surfaces, resulting in a better fit between the two sets of isolation doors when closed, preventing soil leakage.

[0021] 3. The slope's inclination ensures water flow within the river simulation unit, and the intermediate pipe, micro-pump, and circulating water tank enable automatic circulation, enhancing experimental continuity. Furthermore, the first infiltration hole, seepage holes, and infiltration pipe allow water to gradually permeate from the river simulation area into the adjacent surface soil. Combined with the weather control system above the experimental pool, the surface simulation unit perfectly replicates the actual conditions of the experimental site, thus increasing accuracy.

[0022] 4. By rotating the first lead screw of each group, the first slider of each group can drive the corresponding group of river channel simulation pieces to move, thereby changing the position of each group of river channel simulation pieces. In conjunction with the pleated connecting sleeve with telescopic function, the river channel simulation unit can simulate different river directions, thereby improving the compatibility of the device.

[0023] Other features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention may be realized and obtained by means of the structures pointed out in the description, claims and drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the experimental platform according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0026] Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing the connection between the surface simulation unit and the soil simulation unit according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0027] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a surface simulation unit according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0028] Figure 4 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of a land surface simulation according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0029] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of a river simulation unit according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0030] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of a soil simulation unit according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0031] Figure 7 A top cross-sectional view of a soil simulation unit according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0032] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the isolation mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0033] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the structure of the isolation door body after it is closed, according to an embodiment of the present invention, is shown;

[0034] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the structure of a sampling unit according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0035] Figure 11 An exploded view of the inner sampling cylinder and the outer sampling cylinder according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0036] Figure 12 A schematic cross-sectional view of the end face of the outer sampling cylinder according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0037] Figure 13 A schematic diagram of the structure of a coal mine simulation unit according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0038] Figure 14 A top cross-sectional schematic diagram of a coal mine simulation unit according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0039] Figure 15 A schematic diagram of the structure of a drill bar according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0040] In the diagram: 100, Vibration frame; 110, Side plate; 120, Platform fixing frame; 130, Connecting rod; 140, Weather control system; 200, Surface simulation unit; 210, Surface simulation platform; 211, Slope; 212, First connecting slot; 213, Water inlet of pool; 214, Surface seepage hole; 220, Transverse chute; 221, First slider; 222, Pleated sleeve; 223, Simulation plate fixing rod; 230. First lead screw; 240. Circulating water tank; 241. Intermediate pipe; 250. Micro pump; 251. Drain valve; 300. River channel simulation unit; 310. River channel simulation plate; 311. First infiltration hole; 320. Pleated connecting sleeve; 330. Fixing rod insertion hole; 400. Soil simulation unit; 410. Bottom frame; 411. Second insertion groove; 412. Glass observation frame; 413. Top frame; 420. Side Extension plate; 430, lead screw mounting cylinder; 431, second lead screw; 432, third lead screw; 440, side slide groove; 441, second slider; 450, servo motor; 460, isolation mechanism; 461, isolation door mounting plate; 462, isolation door body; 463, serrated interface; 500, sampling unit; 510, external sampling cylinder; 511, external feed inlet; 512, rotating ring; 520, feed inlet sealing plate; 5 21. Rotary connecting block; 530. Inner sampling cylinder; 531. Inner feed port; 532. Handle; 600. Coal mine simulation unit; 610. Coal mine simulation frame; 611. Third insertion slot; 612. Tempered glass plate; 613. Second permeation hole; 620. Bottom chute; 630. Power box; 631. Electric push rod; 640. Drilling bar; 641. Drill bit; 700. Water storage rack; 710. Finished water storage box. Detailed Implementation

[0041] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] This invention provides an experimental platform for simulating the recharge of groundwater flow field in coal mines, including a vibration frame 100. For example,... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a side plate 110 is provided at the top edge of one side of the vibration frame 100, and a weather control system 140 is provided at the top of the side plate 110. The weather control system 140 includes, but is not limited to, a rain simulation system. Different weather conditions are simulated by the weather control system 140, and earthquakes are simulated by the vibration frame 100.

[0043] On the side wall of the side plate 110 near the vibration frame 100, there are several sets of plug-in mechanisms distributed at equal intervals along the vertical direction. The plug-in mechanism includes two sets of platform fixing frames 120 symmetrically arranged with the central axis in the height direction of the side plate 110. Each of the two sets of platform fixing frames 120 has a set of plug-in rods 130 on the opposite side wall.

[0044] The vibration frame 100 is equipped with a water storage rack 700, and a finished water storage box 710 is movably inserted into one side wall of the water storage rack 700 in the horizontal direction. The finished water storage box 710 is used to receive the replenished water generated after the experiment is completed.

[0045] The top of the water storage rack 700 is equipped with several sets of soil simulation units 400, which are stacked vertically on top of each other. Each set of soil simulation units 400 contains a sampling unit 500. The soil simulation units 400 are used to simulate soil at different depths underground, and the sampling units 500 are used to take samples during the water flow field recharge process to detect the impact of water infiltration on the soil.

[0046] The topmost group of soil simulation units 400 is topped with a surface simulation unit 200, and the surface simulation unit 200 contains a river simulation unit 300. The top of the surface simulation unit 200 is an open structure and is located directly below the weather control system 140. The surface simulation unit 200 is used to simulate the impact of the ground on the coal mine and the groundwater flow field under different conditions.

[0047] The cavities of the surface simulation unit 200, the coal mine simulation unit 600, the finished water storage box 710, and the several sets of soil simulation units 400 are all connected and are attached to each other from top to bottom.

[0048] The sum of the surface simulation unit 200, coal mine simulation unit 600, finished water storage box 710, and several groups of soil simulation units 400 is the same as the number of the plug-in mechanism, and the surface simulation unit 200, coal mine simulation unit 600, finished water storage box 710, and each group of soil simulation units 400 are movably plugged into the corresponding group of plug-in mechanisms.

[0049] The surface simulation unit 200 includes a surface simulation platform 210. For example, as shown... Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the surface simulation platform 210 has an experimental pool at its top and a ramp 211 at its bottom. The experimental pool is located directly below the weather control system 140. Several sets of transverse chutes 220 are evenly distributed along the length of the ramp 211. A first lead screw 230 is located below each transverse chute 220, with one end extending to the outside of the surface simulation platform 210. A first slider 221 is slidably connected within each transverse chute 220. Two sets of pleated sleeves 222 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the first slider 221, and the bottom of the first slider 221 is threadedly connected to the first lead screw 230. A simulation plate fixing rod 223 is located at the top of the first slider 221. The river simulation unit 300 is movably inserted into each set of simulation plate fixing rods 223 along the length of the ramp 211, and a waterproof ring is provided at the joint. Below the experimental pool is a circulating water pool 240, and an intermediate pipe 241 is connected to the circulating water pool 240. The other end of the intermediate pipe 241 is connected to the lower end of the river simulation unit 300. A drain valve 251 is located directly above the higher end of the river simulation unit 300. A micro-pump 250 is connected to the input end of the drain valve 251, and the input end of the micro-pump 250 extends into the circulating water pool 240. A water inlet 213 is connected to the side wall of the circulating water pool 240. Several sets of surface seepage holes 214 are evenly distributed on the slope 211. The bottom of each surface seepage hole 214 is connected to a seepage pipe, and the other end of the seepage pipe extends vertically downwards and is connected to the cavity of the uppermost soil simulation unit 400. The surface simulation platform 210 has two sets of first insertion slots 212 symmetrically opened on both sides of the two walls, and the two sets of first insertion slots 212 are respectively movably inserted into the corresponding two sets of insertion rods 130.

[0050] The river simulation unit 300 includes several sets of river simulation panels 310. For example, such as... Figure 5 As shown, several groups of river channel simulation plates 310 are evenly distributed along the extension direction of the slope 211, and pleated connecting sleeves 320 are installed between adjacent groups of river channel simulation plates 310. The port cross-section of the river channel simulation plate 310 is a fan-shaped annular structure, and a fixing rod insertion hole 330 is opened at the bottom of the river channel simulation plate 310. Each group of fixing rod insertion holes 330 is movably inserted into a corresponding group of simulation plate fixing rods 223. Several groups of first permeation holes 311 are evenly distributed on the river channel simulation plate 310.

[0051] Before conducting the groundwater flow field experiment, an actual investigation of the experimental site's topography, soil quality, and river conditions was carried out. First, by rotating the first lead screw 230 of each group, the first slider 221 of each group could drive the corresponding set of river channel simulation plates 310 to shift, thereby changing the position of each set of river channel simulation plates 310. Combined with the pleated connecting sleeve 320 with telescopic function, the river channel simulation unit 300 could simulate the river's course at the experimental site. Then, the surface soil from the experimental site was placed into the experimental pool. Next, the micro-pump 250 was turned on to pump water from the circulating water pool 240 and inject it into the river channel simulation plates 310 below. The water then flowed within the river channel simulation unit 300 due to the inclination of the slope 211, and finally returned to the circulating water pool 240 through the intermediate pipe 241. Furthermore, during the water flow, some water will seep into the adjacent surface soil through the first infiltration hole 311, and then seep downwards through the surface soil, eventually reaching the soil simulation unit 400 below through the surface infiltration hole 214 and the infiltration pipe.

[0052] The slope 211's inclination keeps the water flowing within the river simulation unit 300, and the intermediate pipe 241, micro-pump 250, and circulating water tank 240 allow the water to automatically form a circulation system, increasing the continuity of the experiment. Furthermore, the first infiltration hole 311, surface infiltration holes 214, and infiltration pipes allow the water to gradually infiltrate from the river simulation plate 310 into the adjacent surface soil. Combined with the weather control system above the experimental tank, the surface simulation unit 200 can perfectly simulate the real conditions of the experimental site, thus increasing the accuracy of the experiment.

[0053] By rotating the first lead screw 230 of each group, the first slider 221 of each group can drive the corresponding group of river channel simulation pieces 310 to move, thereby changing the position of each group of river channel simulation pieces 310. In conjunction with the pleated connecting sleeve 320 with telescopic function, the river channel simulation unit 300 can simulate different river directions, thereby improving the compatibility of the device.

[0054] The soil simulation unit 400 includes a base frame 410. For example, as shown... Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, the bottom frame 410 has a glass observation frame 412 at its top, and a top frame 413 at its top. Two sets of side extension plates 420 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the bottom frame 410. A side sliding groove 440 is formed on one side wall of the bottom frame 410 perpendicular to the side extension plates 420, with both ends of the side sliding groove 440 extending into the cavities of the two sets of side extension plates 420. An isolation door power mechanism is provided on one side wall of the bottom frame 410 near the side sliding groove 440. The isolation door power mechanism includes a lead screw mounting cylinder 430, a lead screw connecting block at its center, and a second lead screw 431 and a third lead screw 432 at both ends of the lead screw connecting block, with the threads of the second lead screw 431 and the third lead screw 432 having opposite directions. A servo motor 450 is drivenly connected to the end of the second lead screw 431 away from the third lead screw 432. Two sets of second sliders 441 are symmetrically arranged along their length centerline within the side sliding groove 440. One end of each set of second sliders 441 is threaded onto a second lead screw 431 and a third lead screw 432, respectively. The other ends of each set of second sliders 441 extend into two sets of side extension plates 420, and each is equipped with a set of isolation mechanisms 460. Both sets of isolation mechanisms 460 extend movably into the cavity of the bottom frame 410 and are in close contact with each other. The two sets of isolation mechanisms 460 move in opposite directions via an isolation door power mechanism. Two sets of second insertion slots 411 are symmetrically arranged on both side walls of the bottom frame 410. The bottom frame 410 is movably inserted into two corresponding sets of insertion rods 130 via the two sets of second insertion slots 411.

[0055] The isolation mechanism 460 includes an isolation door mounting plate 461. For example, as shown... Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the isolation door mounting plate 461 is connected to a corresponding set of second sliders 441. An isolation door body 462 is mounted on the side wall of the isolation door mounting plate 461 near the bottom frame 410. The side wall of the isolation door body 462 away from the isolation door mounting plate 461 is set as a slope in the horizontal direction, and the thickness of the slope is less than the thickness of the side of the isolation door body 462 near the isolation door mounting plate 461. Several sets of sawtooth interfaces 463 are evenly spaced in the horizontal direction on the slope. Two sets of isolation door bodies 462 are interlocked through the sawtooth interfaces 463.

[0056] First, close the isolation door bodies 462 of each group. Then, place underground soil at different depths from the experimental site onto the isolation door bodies 462 of the soil simulation units 400 of different groups. Next, insert each group of soil simulation units 400 into the corresponding insertion mechanisms. Then, open the isolation door bodies 462 of each group so that the underground soil in each group of soil simulation units 400 can come into contact with each other. Then, start the vibration frame 100. The vibration of the vibration frame 100 allows the junctions of adjacent groups of underground soil to mix, making it more consistent with the distribution of soil layers in real terrain.

[0057] Water in surface simulation unit 200 flows through seepage pipes to the underground soil of the uppermost soil simulation unit 400, then through infiltration, it flows into the coal mine simulation unit 600 below, and finally into the finished water storage box 710. This realistically simulates how surface water replenishes the groundwater flow field in the coal mine through layer-by-layer infiltration.

[0058] When it is necessary to extract samples from sampling unit 500 or add soil to soil simulation unit 400, simply close the isolation door body 462 on this group and the group above it to spatially isolate this group of soil simulation units 400 from the two adjacent groups of soil simulation units 400. Then, the group of soil simulation units 400 can be directly extracted from the corresponding set of plug-in mechanisms. This eliminates the need to stop the experiment, thus improving the continuity of the experiment and the convenience of sampling.

[0059] The sampling unit 500 includes an outer sampling cylinder 510. For example, as shown... Figure 10 , Figure 11 and Figure 12As shown, the outer sampling cylinder 510 is installed on the side wall of the glass observation frame 412 away from the lead screw mounting cylinder 430. The top of the outer sampling cylinder 510 has an open structure, and a rotating ring 512 is rotatably connected to the port. Several sets of external feed ports 511 are evenly distributed along the vertical direction on the side wall of the outer sampling cylinder 510. A feed port sealing plate 520 is provided on one side of the external feed port 511, and the feed port sealing plate 520 is movably attached to the external feed port 511. A rotating ring connecting block 521 is provided on the feed port sealing plate 520. Adjacent sets of feed port sealing plates 520 are connected by rotating ring connecting blocks 521, and the uppermost set of feed port sealing plates 520 is connected to the rotating ring 512 by rotating ring connecting blocks 521. An inner sampling cylinder 530 is provided inside the outer sampling cylinder 510. The top of the inner sampling cylinder 530 extends above the outer sampling cylinder 510 and is equipped with a handle 532. The inner sampling cylinder 530 has several sets of inner inlets 531 distributed at equal intervals along the vertical direction, the same number as the outer inlets 511. The height of the inner inlet 531 on the side closest to the central axis of the inner sampling cylinder 530 is lower than the height on the other side. Each set of inner inlets 531 is connected to a corresponding set of outer inlets 511.

[0060] During the experiment, all external inlets 511 were open, allowing water to penetrate downwards and affect the underground soil in the inner sampling cylinder 530. When sampling was required, the soil simulation unit 400 was removed from the insertion mechanism, and the rotating ring 512 was rotated so that the sealing plates 520 of each inlet covered the corresponding set of external inlets 511, isolating the cavity of the outer sampling cylinder 510 from the outside. Then, the inner sampling cylinder 530 was extracted, and the underground soil in different internal inlets 531 was tested to determine the impact of underground soil at different depths within the same soil layer on water quality during water infiltration. Furthermore, because the height of the side of the internal inlet 531 closest to the central axis of the inner sampling cylinder 530 was lower than the height of the other side, the underground soil inside the inner sampling cylinder 530 did not leak when it was extracted.

[0061] The coal mine simulation unit 600 includes a coal mine simulation frame 610. For example, as shown... Figure 13 , Figure 14 and Figure 15As shown, the coal mine simulation frame 610 is located at the bottom of the lowest group of soil simulation units 400, and a tempered glass plate 612 is provided on the side wall of the coal mine simulation frame 610. Several sets of second permeation holes 613 are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the bottom of the coal mine simulation frame 610. A power box 630 is connected to one side wall of the coal mine simulation frame 610. An electric push rod 631 is provided on the inner wall of the power box 630. A drilling strip 640 is provided on the output end of the electric push rod 631. The other end of the drilling strip 640 extends movably into the cavity of the coal mine simulation frame 610, and a drill bit 641 is provided at the end. The outer diameter of the drill bit 641 is smaller than the outer diameter of the drilling strip 640. A bottom sliding groove 620 is opened on the inner wall of the bottom of the coal mine simulation frame 610, and the drilling strip 640 is slidably connected to the bottom sliding groove 620. The coal mine simulation frame 610 has two sets of third insertion slots 611 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the side walls. The coal mine simulation frame 610 is movably inserted into the corresponding two sets of insertion rods 130 through the two sets of third insertion slots 611.

[0062] A coal mine sample from the experimental site, along with the underground soil in contact with the coal mine sample, is placed on a coal mine simulation frame 610. As water infiltrates the coal mine simulation frame 610, an electric push rod 631 is activated. The electric push rod 631 pushes the drill bar 640 to move horizontally away from the power box 630, thereby simulating the impact of the soil near the mine and the coal mine itself on water quality during mining operations, thus obtaining accurate water quality data for the replenishment water.

[0063] This embodiment has the following beneficial effects:

[0064] 1. The surface simulation unit 200, coal mine simulation unit 600, finished water storage box 710, and each group of soil simulation units 400 can be disassembled independently. Furthermore, each group of soil simulation units 400 can realistically simulate the actual distribution of underground soil layers at the experimental site. When it is necessary to extract samples from the sampling unit 500, or add soil to the soil simulation unit 400, simply close the isolation door body 462 on this group and the group above it, spatially isolating this group of soil simulation units 400 from the two adjacent groups of soil simulation units 400. This eliminates the need to stop the experiment, thus improving the continuity of the experiment and the convenience of sampling.

[0065] 2. The two sets of isolation door bodies 462 are positioned opposite each other, with both opposite side walls being sloped. Because the thickness of the sloped surface is less than the thickness of the side of the isolation door body 462 closest to the isolation door mounting plate 461, the isolation door body 462 can peel away the underground soil to the upper and lower sides when closed, thus reducing the resistance when closing and preventing the isolation door body 462 from being stuck by the underground soil. Furthermore, several sets of serrated interfaces 463 are evenly spaced along the horizontal direction on the sloped surface, which also ensures a better fit between the two sets of isolation door bodies 462 when closed, preventing soil leakage.

[0066] 3. The inclination of slope 211 ensures water flow within the river simulation unit 300. The intermediate pipe 241, micro-pump 250, and circulating water tank 240 enable automatic water circulation, increasing experimental continuity. Furthermore, the first infiltration hole 311, surface infiltration holes 214, and infiltration pipe allow water to gradually infiltrate from the river simulation plate 310 into the adjacent surface soil. Combined with the weather control system above the experimental tank, the surface simulation unit 200 perfectly replicates the actual conditions of the experimental site, thus increasing experimental accuracy.

[0067] 4. By rotating the first lead screw 230 of each group, the first slider 221 of each group can drive the corresponding group of river channel simulation pieces 310 to move, thereby changing the position of each group of river channel simulation pieces 310. In conjunction with the pleated connecting sleeve 320 with telescopic function, the river channel simulation unit 300 can simulate different river directions, thereby improving the compatibility of the device.

[0068] 5. Place the coal mine sample from the experimental site, along with the underground soil in contact with the coal mine sample, onto the coal mine simulation frame 610. As water infiltrates onto the coal mine simulation frame 610, activate the electric push rod 631. The electric push rod 631 pushes the drill bar 640 to move horizontally away from the power box 630, thereby simulating the impact of the soil near the mine and the coal mine itself on water quality during mining operations, thus obtaining accurate water quality data for the replenishment water.

[0069] 6. When sampling and testing are required, rotate the rotating ring 512 so that the sealing plates 520 of each set of feed inlets cover the corresponding set of outer feed inlets 511, isolating the cavity of the outer sampling cylinder 510 from the outside. Then, the inner sampling cylinder 530 is extracted, and the underground soil in different inner feed inlets 531 is tested to determine the impact of underground soil at different depths within the same soil layer on water quality during water infiltration. Furthermore, because the height of the inner feed inlet 531 on the side closest to the central axis of the inner sampling cylinder 530 is lower than the height of the other side, the underground soil inside the inner sampling cylinder 530 will not leak when it is extracted.

[0070] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A simulation experimental platform for groundwater flow field replenishment in coal mines, characterized in that: The device includes a vibration frame (100), with a side plate (110) on one side. Several sets of plug-in mechanisms are evenly distributed along the vertical direction on the side plate (110). Each set of plug-in mechanisms sequentially engages a finished water storage box (710), a coal mine simulation unit (600), several sets of soil simulation units (400), and a set of surface simulation units (200) from bottom to top. The soil simulation unit (400) includes a bottom frame (410); a glass observation frame (412) is provided on the top of the bottom frame (410), and a top frame (413) is provided on the top of the glass observation frame (412); two sets of side extension plates (420) are symmetrically provided on both sides of the bottom frame (410), and an isolation mechanism (460) is provided in the extension plate (420); an isolation door power mechanism is provided on the side wall of the bottom frame (410) near the side slide groove (440), and the two sets of isolation mechanisms (460) are connected to the isolation door power mechanism and move in opposite directions through the isolation door power mechanism; The isolation mechanism (460) includes an isolation door body (462); the isolation door body (462) is connected to the isolation door power mechanism; the side of the isolation door body (462) near the central axis of the bottom frame (410) is set as an inclined surface in the horizontal direction, and the thickness of the inclined surface is less than the thickness of the side away from it; a number of sets of sawtooth interfaces (463) are equally spaced in the horizontal direction on the inclined surface; two sets of the isolation door bodies (462) are interlocked with each other through the sawtooth interfaces (463); A sampling unit (500) is provided on the side wall of the glass observation frame (412). The surface simulation unit (200) includes a surface simulation platform (210); the surface simulation platform (210) has an experimental pool at the top and a slope (211) at the bottom; a river simulation unit (300) is provided on the slope, and a weather control system (140) is provided directly above the experimental pool; several sets of transverse chutes (220) are evenly distributed along the length of the slope (211), and a first lead screw (230) is provided below the transverse chutes (220), one end of the first lead screw (230) extending to the outside of the surface simulation platform (210); a first slider (221) is slidably connected inside the transverse chutes (220), and two sets of pleated sleeves (222) are symmetrically provided on both sides of the first slider (221), and the bottom of the first slider (221) is threadedly connected to the first lead screw (230); The first slider (221) is provided with a simulation plate fixing rod (223) at the top. The river simulation unit (300) is movably inserted into each set of simulation plate fixing rods (223) along the length direction of the slope (211), and a waterproof ring is provided at the joint. A circulating water tank (240) is provided below the experimental pool. An intermediate pipe (241) is connected to the circulating water tank (240). The other end of the intermediate pipe (241) is connected to the lower end of the river simulation unit (300). A drain valve (251) is provided directly above the higher end of the river simulation unit (300). A micro pump (250) is connected to the input end of the drain valve (251). The micro pump (250) is connected to the circulating water tank (240). Several sets of surface seepage holes (214) are evenly distributed on the slope (211). The bottom of the surface seepage holes (214) is connected to a seepage pipe, and the other end of the seepage pipe extends vertically downward to the outside of the surface simulation platform (210). The coal mine simulation unit (600) includes a coal mine simulation frame (610); the coal mine simulation frame (610) is located at the bottom of the lowest group of soil simulation units (400), and a tempered glass plate (612) is provided on the side wall of the coal mine simulation frame (610); a number of second permeation holes (613) are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the bottom of the coal mine simulation frame (610).

2. The experimental platform for simulating groundwater flow field replenishment in coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The insertion mechanism includes two sets of platform fixing frames (120) symmetrically arranged along the central axis in the height direction of the side plate (110). Each set of platform fixing frames (120) has a set of insertion rods (130) on one side wall opposite to the other. The bottom frame (410) has a set of second insertion slots (411) on the opposite outer walls on both sides. The bottom frame (410) is movably inserted into the corresponding two sets of insertion rods (130) through the two sets of second insertion slots (411).

3. The experimental platform for simulating groundwater flow field replenishment in coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: A side slide groove (440) is provided on one side wall of the bottom frame (410) perpendicular to the side extension plate (420), and the two ends of the side slide groove (440) extend into the cavities of the two sets of side extension plates (420).

4. The experimental platform for simulating groundwater flow field replenishment in coal mines according to claim 3, characterized in that: The isolation door power mechanism includes a lead screw mounting cylinder (430), a lead screw connecting block is provided at the center of the lead screw mounting cylinder (430), and a second lead screw (431) and a third lead screw (432) are respectively provided at both ends of the lead screw connecting block. The second lead screw (431) and the third lead screw (432) have opposite thread directions. A servo motor (450) is driven to the end of the second lead screw (431) away from the third lead screw (432). Two sets of second sliders (441) are symmetrically arranged in the side slide groove (440) along their center line in the length direction. One end of the two sets of second sliders (441) is threaded to the second lead screw (431) and the third lead screw (432) respectively. The other end of the two sets of second sliders (441) extends into the two sets of side extension plates (420) respectively, and is respectively provided on a set of isolation mechanisms (460).

5. The experimental platform for simulating groundwater flow field replenishment in coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: A power box (630) is connected to one side wall of the coal mine simulation frame (610). An electric push rod (631) is provided on the inner wall of the power box (630). A drilling strip (640) is provided on the output end of the electric push rod (631). The other end of the drilling strip (640) extends movably into the cavity of the coal mine simulation frame (610), and a drill bit (641) is provided at the port. The outer diameter of the drill bit (641) is smaller than the outer diameter of the drilling strip (640).

6. The experimental platform for simulating groundwater flow field replenishment in coal mines according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bottom inner wall of the coal mine simulation frame (610) is provided with a bottom sliding groove (620), and the drilling strip (640) is slidably connected to the bottom sliding groove (620); two sets of third insertion slots (611) are symmetrically provided on the two side walls of the coal mine simulation frame (610), and the coal mine simulation frame (610) is movably inserted into the corresponding two sets of insertion rods (130) through the two sets of third insertion slots (611).

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