Automatic taper bearing pressing device

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic pressing device for a tapered bearing, comprising two pressing mechanisms which are arranged opposite to each other in the up-and-down directions, each of which comprises a pressing seat, a pressing head, a guide column and a switching mechanism, wherein the pressing head is arranged on the pressing seat, the guide column is movably arranged in the pressing head along the up-and-down directions, and can be exposed from one end of the pressing head away from the pressing seat for positioning with the output shaft, the exposed part of the guide column is sleeved with the tapered bearing, the switching mechanism is arranged on the pressing seat and comprises a switching part, wherein the output shaft is arranged on the pressing mechanism at the bottom, and the pressing seat of the pressing mechanism at the top is movably arranged along the up-and-down directions, and is used for pressing the tapered bearing to the lower end of the output shaft when the switching mechanism at the top switches to fix and the switching mechanism at the bottom switches to avoid, or pressing the tapered bearing to the upper end of the output shaft when the switching mechanism at the top switches to avoid and the switching mechanism at the bottom switches to fix, without turning over the bearing, thereby ensuring the safety of the output shaft during the pressing process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of automatic press-fitting of automobile transmission parts, in particular to an automatic press-fitting device for a tapered bearing. Background Art

[0002] The output shaft system is an important transmission part of the transmission assembly, on which various components such as gears, synchronizers, and tapered bearings are installed.

[0003] The axial fixing measures of the shaft system are usually double-support fixed, with two tapered bearings arranged at both ends of the shaft and installed into the shaft system through interference fit. Since the assembly process requires the use of a servo press to press the tapered bearings into the shaft system, the operation method is usually to press the tapered bearing at one end first, flip the shaft system, and then press the tapered bearing at the other end. Since the shaft system structure is relatively complex and heavy, manual flipping is prone to cause bumps, causing noise, vibration and other problems in the transmission, and the process of manually flipping the shaft system is inefficient, affecting the production cycle. Summary of the invention

[0004] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide an automatic press-fit device for a tapered bearing, aiming to solve the problem that manual turning over of an output shaft during press-fitting of a tapered bearing easily causes collision therewith and the problem of low production efficiency.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention proposes an automatic press-fit device for a tapered bearing, which is used to press-fit the tapered bearing to both ends of the output shaft. The automatic press-fit device for a tapered bearing comprises two press-fit mechanisms arranged opposite to each other in the up-down direction, each of which comprises:

[0006] Press-fit seat;

[0007] A press-fitting head, arranged on the press-fitting seat;

[0008] A guide column is movably disposed in the press fitting head in an up-down direction and can be exposed from an end of the press fitting head away from the press fitting seat for positioning with the output shaft, and a tapered bearing is sleeved on the exposed portion of the guide column;

[0009] A switching mechanism is provided on the press-fitting seat and includes a switching part, the switching part is movably provided in the press-fitting seat in a transverse direction and is used to switch and fix so that the guide column is fixed relative to the press-fitting head and exposed from an end of the press-fitting head away from the press-fitting seat, or to switch and avoid so that the guide column can move relative to the press-fitting head and be hidden in the press-fitting head;

[0010] The output shaft is arranged on the pressing mechanism located below. The pressing seat of the pressing mechanism located above is arranged to be movable in the vertical direction. When the switching mechanism located above switches to fixation and the switching mechanism located below switches to avoidance, the tapered bearing is pressed onto the lower end of the output shaft. Or when the switching mechanism located above switches to avoidance and the switching mechanism located below switches to fixation, the tapered bearing is pressed onto the upper end of the output shaft.

[0011] Optionally, the switching mechanism located above includes an upper pressing seat, an upper pressing head, upper guiding columns, and an upper switching structure. The upper switching mechanism includes:

[0012] A support platform, which is formed with a laterally extending movable cavity and is formed with an avoidance hole penetrating in the vertical direction. The avoidance hole penetrates the movable cavity and is opposite to the upper guiding columns in the vertical direction;

[0013] A movable block, which is laterally movably arranged in the movable cavity and is used for movably avoiding or blocking the avoidance hole; and,

[0014] A first driving part, which is arranged on the support platform and is used for driving the movable block to move.

[0015] Optionally, the first adjusting part includes a driving cylinder.

[0016] Optionally, the upper guiding column is laterally protruded to form a reset retaining ring;

[0017] The tapered bearing automatic pressing device further includes a first spring. The first spring is sleeved on the upper guiding column, and its two ends are respectively abutted against the upper pressing seat and the reset retaining ring, and is used for abutting against the upper guiding column to expose from the lower end of the upper pressing head.

[0018] Optionally, the pressing mechanism located below includes a lower pressing seat, a lower pressing head, lower guiding columns, and a lower switching mechanism. The lower guiding column includes a guiding section, a positioning section, and a connecting section. The guiding section is used for positioning with the output shaft. The positioning section is located below the guiding section and is used for positioning and installing the lower guiding column in the lower pressing head. The connecting section is used for connecting the positioning section and the guiding section, and a stepped surface is formed on the lower end of the guiding section facing the connecting section;

[0019] A part of the inner side wall of the lower pressing head is protruded to form an abutting convex part;

[0020] The tapered bearing automatic pressing device further includes a second spring. The second spring is sleeved on the connecting section, and its two ends respectively abut against the stepped surface and the abutting convex part, and is used for abutting against the lower guiding column to expose from the upper end of the lower pressing head.

[0021] The tapered bearing is sleeved on the guiding section.

[0022] Optionally, a guiding and mating hole is formed through the output shaft along its axial direction;

[0023] A guiding portion is convexly provided at the upper end of the guiding section, and the guiding portion extends into the guiding and mating hole from the lower end of the output shaft.

[0024] Optionally, the lower pressing seat includes:

[0025] An installation tray, partially formed with a through hole in the up-and-down direction, and the through hole is opposite to the lower guiding column to allow the lower guiding column to move downward; and,

[0026] A support seat, provided at the lower end of the installation tray for supporting the installation tray. A support column capable of moving in the up-and-down direction is provided in the support seat, and the support column is opposite to the through hole in the up-and-down direction and is used to extend upward into the through hole to support the lower guiding column.

[0027] Optionally, a horizontally extending installation platform is provided at the lower end of the support seat, and a through slot is formed horizontally in a part of the support seat adjacent to the upper end face of the installation platform;

[0028] The lower switching mechanism includes:

[0029] A top block, horizontally movably provided on the installation platform and opposite to the through slot horizontally;

[0030] A second driving portion, provided on the installation platform, for driving the top block to move into the through slot to abut against the support column to move upward, or driving the top block to move out of the through slot.

[0031] Optionally, one end of the top block adjacent to the support seat is provided with an inclined surface.

[0032] Optionally, the second driving portion includes a driving cylinder.

[0033] In the technical solution of the present invention, a tapered bearing is installed at one end of the guide post away from the press-fitting seat, and the output shaft is positioned and installed on the press-fitting mechanism below. When the switching mechanism above switches to fixation and the switching mechanism below switches to avoidance, the guide post above exposes from the lower end of the press-fitting head above and is relatively fixed to the press-fitting head. The guide post below exposes from the upper end of the press-fitting head above and can move up and down. When the press-fitting seat above moves downward for press-fitting, the guide post below is pressed and moves downward, and the press-fitting head below pushes the tapered bearing on the guide post below to be sleeved on the lower end of the output shaft. When the switching mechanism above switches to avoidance and the switching mechanism below switches to fixation, the guide post above can move up and down, and the guide post below exposes from the upper end of the press-fitting head below and is relatively fixed to the press-fitting head below. When the press-fitting head above moves downward for press-fitting, the guide post above is pressed and moves upward, and the press-fitting head above pushes the tapered bearing above to be sleeved on the upper end of the output shaft. Thus, the press-fitting of tapered bearings at both ends of the output shaft is completed. During the press-fitting process, only the two switching mechanisms need to be switched and changed, without flipping the bearing, which ensures the safety of the output shaft during the press-fitting process and greatly improves the production rhythm and efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings.

[0035] Figure 1 Structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the automatic tapered bearing press-fitting device disclosed by the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 For Figure 1 Structural schematic diagram of the press-fitting mechanism above in the provided embodiment;

[0037] Figure 3 For Figure 1 Structural schematic diagram of the press-fitting mechanism below in the provided embodiment.

[0038] Explanation of the reference numerals in the drawings:

[0039]

[0040] The realization of the object of the present invention, functional characteristics and advantages will be further described with reference to the embodiments and the drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0041] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0042] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back...) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement conditions between components in a specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indications will also change accordingly.

[0043] In addition, the descriptions involving "first", "second", etc. in the present invention are only for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. In addition, the technical solutions between various embodiments can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the fact that those of ordinary skill in the art can implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the protection scope required by the present invention.

[0044] As an important transmission part on the transmission assembly, various components such as gears, synchronizers, and tapered bearings are installed on the output shaft system.

[0045] The axial fixing measure of the shaft system is usually a double-support fixed type. Two tapered bearings are respectively arranged at both ends of the shaft and are installed in the shaft system in the form of interference fit. Since a servo press is required to press-fit the tapered bearings into the shaft system during the assembly process, the operation method of usually pressing one tapered bearing first and then turning the shaft system over to press-fit the other tapered bearing is adopted. Due to the relatively complex structure and heavy weight of the shaft system, manual turning is likely to cause bumps, resulting in problems such as noise and vibration of the transmission, and the process of manually turning the shaft system is inefficient, affecting the production rhythm.

[0046] To solve the above problems, the present invention proposes an automatic press-fitting device for tapered bearings, Figures 1 to 3 which is an embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] In the embodiment of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as this embodiment), the automatic press-fitting device for tapered bearings is as Figures 1 to 3As shown, it includes two press-fitting mechanisms that are arranged opposite to each other in the vertical direction, each of the press-fitting mechanisms includes a press-fitting seat 1, a press-fitting head 2, a guide column 3 and a switching mechanism 4, the press-fitting head 2 is arranged in the press-fitting seat 1, the guide column 3 is movably arranged in the press-fitting head 2 along the vertical direction, and can be exposed from the end of the press-fitting head 2 away from the press-fitting seat 1, for positioning with the output shaft a, the exposed part of the guide column 3 is sleeved with a tapered bearing b, the switching mechanism 4 is arranged in the press-fitting seat 1, and includes a switching part, the switching part is movably arranged in the press-fitting seat 1 along the horizontal direction, and is used to switch and fix the guide columns 3 so that they are opposite to each other. The press-fitting head 2 is fixed and exposed or switched out of the way from one end of the press-fitting head 2 away from the press-fitting seat 1 so that the guide column 3 can move relative to the press-fitting head 1 until it is hidden in the press-fitting head 2, wherein the output shaft a is arranged on the press-fitting mechanism located below, and the press-fitting seat 1 of the press-fitting mechanism located above is movably arranged in the up-down direction, and is used to press-fit the tapered bearing b to the lower end of the output shaft a when the switching mechanism 4 located above is switched and fixed and the switching mechanism 4 located below is switched out of the way, or to press-fit the tapered bearing b to the upper end of the output shaft a when the switching mechanism 4 located above is switched and fixed and the switching mechanism 4 located below is switched out of the way.

[0048] In the technical solution of the present invention, the tapered bearing b is installed at one end of the guide column away from the press-fitting seat, and the output shaft a is positioned and installed on the press-fitting mechanism located below. When the switching mechanism located above switches to fix and the switching mechanism located below switches to avoid, the guide column located above is exposed from the lower end of the press-fitting head located above and is fixed relatively to the press-fitting head, and the guide column located below is exposed from the upper end of the press-fitting head located above and can move up and down. When the press-fitting seat located above moves downward for press-fitting, the guide column located below is pressed to move downward, and the press-fitting head below pushes the tapered bearing b on the guide column below to be sleeved on the lower end of the output shaft a. When the upper switching mechanism switches to avoid and the lower switching mechanism switches to fix, the upper guide column can move up and down, and the lower guide column is exposed from the upper end of the lower press-fitting head and is relatively fixed with the lower press-fitting head. When the upper press-fitting head moves downward for press-fitting, the upper guide column moves upward under pressure, and the upper press-fitting head pushes the upper tapered bearing b to be mounted on the upper end of the output shaft a. At this point, the tapered bearing b is pressed at both ends of the output shaft a. The press-fitting process only requires switching of the two switching mechanisms, and there is no need to flip the bearing, which ensures the safety of the output shaft a during the press-fitting process and greatly improves the production rhythm and efficiency.

[0049] To realize the switch fixation and switch avoidance of the switch mechanism located above, please combine Figure 2, the upper switching mechanism located above includes an upper pressing seat 11, an upper pressing head 21, an upper guiding column 31, and an upper switching mechanism 41. The upper switching mechanism 41 includes a support platform 122, a movable block, and a first driving part 412. The support platform 122 is formed with a laterally extending movable cavity and is formed with an avoidance hole penetrating in the up and down direction. The avoidance hole penetrates the movable cavity and is opposite to the upper guiding column 31 in the up and down direction. The movable block is arranged in the movable cavity and can move laterally to move to block the avoidance hole, so that the upper guiding column 31 cannot move up and down, that is, switch to fixation, or move to avoid the avoidance hole, so that the upper guiding column 31 can move up and down, that is, switch to fixation. The first driving part 412 is arranged on the support platform 122 and is used to drive the movable block to move, so that the upper switching mechanism 41 is in a switching fixation or switching avoidance state. Among them, the first driving part 412 can be a cylinder or other devices capable of making the movable block perform reciprocating motion in the lateral direction.

[0050] To reset the upper guiding column 31 to expose it from the lower end of the upper pressing head after it moves upward, the upper guiding column 31 is laterally protruded to form a reset retaining ring 311. The tapered bearing b automatic press-fitting device 1000 further includes a first spring 5. The first spring 5 is sleeved on the upper guiding column 31, and its two ends are respectively abutted against the upper pressing seat 11 and the reset retaining ring 311. When the upper guiding column 31 is pressed and moves upward, the first spring 5 is compressed. When the pressure on the upper guiding column 31 disappears, the first spring 5 recovers and abuts against the upper guiding column 31 to expose it from the lower end of the upper pressing head for the next press-fitting process.

[0051] Please combine Figure 3, the lower switching mechanism includes a lower pressing seat 12, a lower pressing head 22, a lower guiding column 32, and a lower switching mechanism 42. To achieve the active reset of the lower guiding column 32, the lower guiding column 32 includes a guiding section 321, a positioning section 323, and a connecting section 322. The guiding section 321 protrudes from the upper end of the lower pressing head 22 and is used for positioning and guiding with the output shaft a. The positioning section 323 is located below the guiding section 321 and is used for the positioning and installation of the lower guiding column 32 in the lower pressing head 22. The connecting section 322 is connected between the guiding section 321 and the positioning section 323, and a stepped surface is formed on the lower end of the guiding section 321 facing the connecting section 322. To achieve the active reset of the lower guiding column 32, a resisting convex part is convexly provided on a part of the inner side wall of the lower pressing head 22 and is located at a relatively lower position. The automatic press-fitting device 1000 for the tapered bearing b further includes a second spring 6. The second spring 6 is sleeved on the connecting section 322, and its two ends respectively resist against the stepped surface and the resisting convex part. After the lower guiding column 32 is pressed and moves downward actively, the second spring 6 is compressed. After the pressure disappears, the second spring 6 resists against the lower guiding column 32 to move upward actively until it exposes from the upper end of the lower pressing head 22. The tapered bearing b is sleeved on the guiding section 321 of the lower guiding column 32.

[0052] To specifically achieve the positioning between the output shaft a and the guiding section 321, a guiding and fitting hole a1 is formed through the output shaft a along its axial direction. A guiding part 3211 is convexly provided at the upper end of the guiding section 321. The guiding part 3211 extends into the guiding and fitting hole a1 from the lower end of the output shaft a to complete the axial positioning of the output shaft a, providing a positioning basis for press-fitting the tapered bearing b onto the output shaft a.

[0053] To achieve the supporting function of the lower pressing seat 12, the lower pressing seat 12 includes an installation tray 121 and a supporting seat 411. A through hole 123 is formed through a part of the installation tray 121 in the vertical direction. The through hole 123 is opposite to the lower guiding column 32 and is used to provide an activity space for the guiding column to move downward. The supporting seat 411 is provided at the lower end of the installation tray 121 and is used to support the installation tray 121. A supporting column 124 that can move in the vertical direction is provided in the supporting seat 411. The supporting column 124 is opposite to the through hole 123 in the vertical direction and is used to move upward into the through hole 123 and resist against and support the lower guiding column 32 when press-fitting the upper tapered bearing b.

[0054] A mounting table 125 extending horizontally is provided at the lower end of the support base 411, and a through slot 126 is formed horizontally through a portion of the support base 411 adjacent to the upper end surface of the mounting table 125. To specifically implement the switching fixation and switching avoidance of the lower switching mechanism 42, the lower switching mechanism 42 includes a top block 421 and a second driving portion 422. The top block 421 is horizontally movably disposed on the mounting table 125 and is opposite to the through slot 126 in the horizontal direction. The second driving portion 422 is disposed on the mounting table 125 and is used to drive the top block 421 to move into the through slot 126. The top block 421 abuts against the support column 124 to move upward into the through hole 123 and abut against the lower guiding column 32, which is the switching fixation. The second driving portion 422 drives the top block 421 to move out of the through slot 126, and the support column 124 moves downward to provide a moving space for the lower guiding column 32, which is the switching avoidance. Among them, the second driving portion 422 can be a cylinder or other devices capable of making the top block 421 perform reciprocating motion in the horizontal direction.

[0055] To realize the horizontal movement of the top block 421 to abut against the support column 124 and move it upward, one end of the top block 421 adjacent to the support base 411 is provided with an inclined surface. When the top block 421 moves into the through slot 126, the lower end of the inclined surface abuts against the lower end of the support column 124, so that the height of the support column 124 gradually increases along with the inclined surface and finally abuts against the upper end surface of the top block 421.

[0056] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural transformation made under the inventive concept of the present invention by using the content of the specification and drawings of the present invention, or directly / indirectly applied in other related technical fields, is included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic press-fit device for tapered bearings, used to press-fit tapered bearings to both ends of the output shaft. It is characterized in that The automatic press-fitting device for the tapered bearing comprises two press-fitting mechanisms arranged opposite to each other in the up-down direction, each of the press-fitting mechanisms comprising: Press-fit seat; A press-fitting head, arranged on the press-fitting seat; A guide column is movably disposed in the press fitting head in an up-down direction and can be exposed from an end of the press fitting head away from the press fitting seat for positioning with the output shaft, and a tapered bearing is sleeved on the exposed portion of the guide column; A switching mechanism is provided on the press-fitting seat and includes a switching part, the switching part is movably provided in the press-fitting seat in a transverse direction and is used to switch and fix so that the guide column is fixed relative to the press-fitting head and exposed from an end of the press-fitting head away from the press-fitting seat, or to switch and avoid so that the guide column can move relative to the press-fitting head and be hidden in the press-fitting head; The output shaft is arranged on the press-fitting mechanism at the bottom, and the press-fitting seat of the press-fitting mechanism at the top is movably arranged in the up-down direction, and is used to press-fit the tapered bearing to the lower end of the output shaft when the switching mechanism at the top switches to fix and the switching mechanism at the bottom switches to avoid, or to press-fit the tapered bearing to the upper end of the output shaft when the switching mechanism at the top switches to avoid and the switching mechanism at the bottom switches to fix; The switching mechanism located at the top includes an upper pressing seat, an upper pressing head, an upper guide column and an upper switching structure, and the upper switching mechanism includes: The support platform is formed with a laterally extending movable cavity and has an avoidance hole formed through the upper and lower directions, wherein the avoidance hole penetrates the movable cavity and is opposite to the upper guide column in the upper and lower directions; A movable block is disposed in the movable cavity and is used for movably avoiding or blocking the avoidance hole; and A first driving unit, disposed on the support platform, for driving the movable block to move; The press-fitting mechanism located at the bottom includes a lower press-fitting seat, a lower press-fitting head, a lower guide column and a lower switching mechanism, the lower guide column includes a guide section, a positioning section and a connecting section, the guide section is used for positioning with the output shaft, the positioning section is located below the guide section and is used for positioning and installing the lower guide column in the lower press-fitting head, the connecting section is used to connect the positioning section and the guide section, and the lower end of the guide section is formed with a step surface toward the connecting section; The inner side wall of the pressing head is convexly provided with a top-butting convex portion; The tapered bearing automatic press-fit device further comprises a second spring, which is sleeved on the connecting section, and whose two ends respectively abut against the step surface and the abutting convex portion, and is used to abut against the lower guide column to be exposed from the upper end of the lower press-fit head; The tapered bearing is sleeved on the guide section.

2. The automatic pressing device for tapered bearings according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The first adjusting portion includes a driving cylinder.

3. The automatic pressing device for tapered bearings according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The upper guide column is laterally convexly provided to form a reset ring; The tapered bearing automatic press-fit device also includes a first spring, which is sleeved on the upper guide column, and whose two ends are respectively in contact with the upper press-fit seat and the reset ring, and is used to push the upper guide column out from the lower end of the upper press-fit head.

4. The automatic taper bearing pressing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, a guiding and mating hole is formed through the output shaft along its axial direction; a guiding portion is convexly provided at the upper end of the guiding section, and the guiding portion extends into the guiding and mating hole from the lower end of the output shaft.

5. The automatic taper bearing pressing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the lower pressing seat includes: a mounting tray, partially formed with a through hole in the up-down direction, and the through hole is opposite to the lower guiding column to allow the lower guiding column to move downward; and, a supporting seat, provided at the lower end of the mounting tray for supporting the mounting tray, and a supporting column capable of moving in the up-down direction is provided in the supporting seat, and the supporting column is opposite to the through hole in the up-down direction and is used to move upward into the through hole to support the lower guiding column.

6. The automatic taper bearing pressing device according to claim 5, characterized in that, a laterally extending mounting platform is provided at the lower end of the supporting seat, and a through slot is formed horizontally in a part of the supporting seat adjacent to the upper end surface of the mounting platform; the lower switching mechanism includes: a top block, movably provided on the mounting platform in the lateral direction and opposite to the through slot in the lateral direction; a second driving portion, provided on the mounting platform, for driving the top block to move into the through slot to abut against the supporting column to move upward, or driving the top block to move outside the through slot.

7. The automatic taper bearing pressing device according to claim 6, characterized in that, one end of the top block adjacent to the supporting seat is provided with an inclined surface.

8. The automatic taper bearing pressing device according to claim 6, characterized in that, the second driving portion includes a driving cylinder.

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