Construction method for treating seepage of tunnel roof collapse

Abstract

The application discloses a construction method for treating water seepage of tunnel top collapse, and comprises the following steps: step one, evacuating personnel in the tunnel and preparing materials required for construction in advance; step two, detecting after the collapse area of the tunnel is stabilized, observing the top of the tunnel to determine safety, backfilling soil under the collapse area to form a raw soil area, carrying out quick freezing treatment, and forming a quick freezing area under the raw soil area; step three, installing a temperature insulation layer after the quick freezing treatment, and fixing the temperature insulation layer under the quick freezing area; step four, pre-burying a plurality of anchor rods and grouting pipes along the radial direction of the tunnel, spraying quick-setting concrete to wrap the temperature insulation layer, and forming a quick concrete reinforcement area; step five, erecting a steel arch frame under the quick concrete reinforcement area to form a steel arch frame reinforcement area; and step six, constructing a secondary lining concrete layer, filling the unsealed place by grouting through the pre-buried grouting pipes, and completing the overall construction. The application can effectively improve the strength and stability of the tunnel collapse area, and improve the safety of the tunnel collapse area in the construction process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel construction technology, and in particular to a construction method for dealing with water seepage from a collapse at the top of a tunnel. Background Technology

[0002] In tunnel construction, the construction of a tunnel can take several years or even more than a decade. The specific construction speed depends on the geological conditions of the tunnel and its length, as well as the production capacity of the construction unit. The production and route selection process is extremely important for highways. Once the route and design drawings are determined, the construction unit must proceed with the construction. This is because there may be some discrepancies between the actual site conditions and the design and preliminary geological surveys. Geological conditions often differ significantly during construction. If geological discrepancies are encountered during construction, the design and geological survey personnel must be notified in a timely manner and the construction plan must be adjusted.

[0003] Common problems in tunnel construction include water leakage, voids behind the lining, and crown collapse. These issues are often critical to the tunnel's quality and progress. Current methods for dealing with crown collapse involve using steel arches and reinforcing mesh to support the collapsed area, followed by shotcrete reinforcement. However, traditional construction methods are ineffective in handling situations with significant groundwater levels, and are prone to water leakage. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a construction method for treating seepage from a collapsed tunnel roof that is easy to construct, provides good support and seepage prevention.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a construction method for treating water seepage from a collapsed tunnel roof, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Step 1: Evacuate personnel from the tunnel and prepare the necessary construction materials in advance;

[0007] Step 2: After the collapsed area of ​​the tunnel has stabilized, conduct an inspection. After the inspection, first observe the top of the tunnel to determine its safety. Then, backfill soil below the collapsed area to form a plain soil area and perform quick-freezing treatment to form a quick-freezing area below the plain soil area.

[0008] Step 3: After quick-freezing, install the insulation layer and fix it below the quick-freezing zone;

[0009] Step 4: Pre-embed multiple anchor bolts and grouting pipes along the radial direction of the tunnel, and spray quick-setting concrete to wrap the insulation layer, forming a rapid concrete reinforcement zone;

[0010] Step 5: Erect a steel arch frame below the rapid concrete reinforcement zone to form a steel arch frame reinforcement zone;

[0011] Step 6: Construct the secondary lining concrete layer. Grout the unsealed areas through the pre-embedded grouting pipes to complete the overall construction.

[0012] Furthermore, in step two, the detection locations include the tunnel arch and the tunnel arch foot, and the detection content includes vertical displacement data and horizontal displacement data. When detecting the tunnel arch, five cross-sectional detection points are set on the arch, including two detection sections evenly distributed on the left and right sides of the arch and a detection section in the longitudinal direction of the arch.

[0013] Furthermore, in step five, a steel mesh reinforcement area is set up before the steel arch reinforcement area is erected. The steel mesh reinforcement area is set between the rapid concrete reinforcement area and the steel arch reinforcement area, and the steel mesh reinforcement area is fixed to the anchor rods and grouting pipes.

[0014] Furthermore, in step five, when erecting the steel arch reinforcement area, the steel arch is connected as a whole with the steel arch in the initial support process of tunnel construction, and the steel arch in the steel arch reinforcement area is in close contact with the rapid concrete reinforcement area, with spacers used to tighten the gaps.

[0015] Furthermore, the pad includes a first pad and a second pad, the first pad being a trapezoidal pad and the second pad being a concave pad; one first pad and two second pads are provided at each connection of the steel arch frame.

[0016] Furthermore, in step five, when erecting the steel arch reinforcement area, multiple I-beams are connected to form an arch shape that matches the shape of the tunnel. Adjacent I-beams are connected by connecting steel plates and multiple connecting bolts to form a detachable connection. The I-beams are supported at the tunnel arch foot by erecting steel plates.

[0017] Furthermore, both the connecting steel plate and the supporting steel plate are provided with I-beam through holes that are adapted to the cross-section of the I-beam, and multiple connecting holes adapted to the connecting bolts are evenly arranged on both sides of the I-beam through holes of the connecting steel plate.

[0018] Furthermore, in step six, after the construction of the secondary lining concrete layer is completed, a secondary lining template is covered on the outer side of the secondary lining concrete layer. The secondary lining template is anchored to the anchor rods that penetrate the secondary lining concrete layer, and template fixing bolts are set at the edge of the secondary lining template. One end of the template fixing bolt is erected on the tunnel, and the other end of the template fixing bolt is bent and set close to the outer side of the secondary lining template.

[0019] Furthermore, in the construction method described above, construction workers use a mobile construction trolley to move and lift during the construction process; the mobile construction trolley includes a trolley base located at the bottom of the load-bearing column and an upper arch beam that can be lifted and lowered on the load-bearing column; the trolley base is equipped with multiple wheels.

[0020] Furthermore, the upper arch beam of the mobile construction trolley is raised and lowered vertically through the cooperation of the travel track and hydraulic jacks, and a rail stop device is fixed at the top of the travel track; a reinforcing inclined beam connects the upper arch beam and the load-bearing column.

[0021] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention enables rapid construction treatment of tunnel collapse areas by employing methods such as quick-freezing treatment, installation of heat insulation layers, spraying of quick-setting concrete, and erection of steel frames. It can quickly and safely construct a reinforced and waterproof structure for the collapse area, greatly improving construction efficiency and effectively enhancing the strength and stability of the tunnel collapse area while providing good prevention of water seepage. This invention significantly improves the safety of the tunnel collapse area construction process and is also suitable for construction areas with poor geological conditions and harsh environments. The treated tunnel is safe and reliable. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the construction structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the steel arch frame in this invention;

[0024] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0025] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting steel plate structure in this invention;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the steel plate in this invention;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first pad block in this invention;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second pad in this invention.

[0030] The markings in the diagram are as follows: 100-Tunnel, 110-Collapse Zone, 120-Soil Zone, 200-Quick Freezing Zone, 300-Insulation Layer, 400-Rapid Concrete Reinforcement Zone, 500-Steel Arch Reinforcement Zone, 510-I-beam, 520-Connecting Steel Plate, 530-Erecting Steel Plate, 540-Connecting Bolt, 550-First Pad, 560-Second Pad, 600-Secondary Lining Concrete Layer, 700-Reinforcing Mesh Reinforcement Zone, 710-Anchor Bolt, 720-Grouting Pipe, 730-Secondary Lining Formwork, 740-Formwork Fixing Bolt, 800-Mobile Construction Trolley, 810-Load-bearing Column, 820-Trolley Base, 830-Upper Arch Beam, 840-Walking Wheel, 850-Walking Track, 860-Hydraulic Jack, 870-Stop Rail Device, 880-Reinforced Inclined Beam. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, the invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0032] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "front", "rear", "left", "right", "up", "down", "inner", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0033] The construction method for treating water seepage from tunnel roof collapses disclosed in this invention employs a rapid construction structure for treating water seepage from tunnel roof collapses, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the tunnel top collapse and seepage treatment construction structure adopted consists of a plain soil zone 120, a quick-freezing zone 200, a heat insulation layer 300, a rapid concrete reinforcement zone 400, a steel mesh reinforcement zone 700, a steel arch reinforcement zone 500, and a secondary lining concrete layer 600, arranged sequentially below the collapse zone 110 of the tunnel 100. Multiple anchor bolts 710 arranged radially along the tunnel 100 are used to connect the above-mentioned plain soil zone 120, quick-freezing zone 200, heat insulation layer 300, rapid concrete reinforcement zone 400, steel mesh reinforcement zone 700, steel arch reinforcement zone 500, and secondary lining concrete layer 600. At the same time, grouting pipes 720 with the same arrangement as the anchor bolts 710 are also used.

[0034] Specifically, the plain soil zone 120 involved in this invention is formed by backfilling; the quick-freezing zone 200 is formed by rapidly freezing the seepage water using a freezing device, which, while preventing further seepage of seepage water from the collapse zone 110, also supports the plain soil zone 120 above, thereby reinforcing the collapse zone 110; the insulation layer 300 is made of insulation material and fixed below the quick-freezing zone 200 with anchors, and provides insulation through the quick-freezing zone 200 above the insulation layer 300 to prevent heat exchange between the quick-freezing zone 200 and the external environment, thus maintaining its frozen state; the rapid concrete reinforcement zone 400 reinforces the insulation layer 300 by spraying quick-setting concrete. The structure is formed by wrapping; the steel mesh reinforcement zone 700 is composed of multiple overlapping steel meshes; the steel arch reinforcement zone 500 is composed of multiple I-beams 510 connected and fixed; the secondary lining concrete layer 600 is formed by sprayed quick-setting concrete; the anchor bolts 710 and grouting pipes 720 are pre-embedded in the quick-setting concrete reinforcement zone 400, fixing the steel mesh in the steel mesh reinforcement zone 700 to the anchor bolts 710 and grouting pipes 720. The anchor bolts 710 connect and fix the various layers of the tunnel top collapse and seepage treatment construction structure, and at the same time, the anchor bolts 710 and grouting pipes 720 are fixed by the various layers of the tunnel top collapse and seepage treatment construction structure.

[0035] like Figures 2 to 4 As shown, the steel arch reinforcement area 500 constructed in this invention is composed of multiple I-beams 510 connected together. The steel arch reinforcement area 500 is an arched structure with an arc adapted to the tunnel 100. Adjacent I-beams 510 are detachably connected by a connecting steel plate 520 and connecting bolts 540. The structure of the connecting steel plate 520 is as follows... Figure 5 As shown, the connecting steel plate 520 has an H-beam through hole that matches the cross-sectional shape of the H-beam 510. The H-beam 510 is inserted into the H-beam through hole on the connecting steel plate 520 and welded in place. Multiple connecting holes are evenly arranged on both sides of the H-beam through hole. When connecting and fixing adjacent H-beams 510 in the steel arch reinforcement area 500, the connecting steel plates 520 on adjacent H-beams 510 are pressed together so that the connecting holes are aligned. Then, the two connecting steel plates 520 are fixed together using connecting bolts 540 that mate with the connecting holes. The H-beam 510 located at the lower end of the steel arch in the steel arch reinforcement area 500 is supported at the tunnel arch foot of the tunnel 100 by a support steel plate 530. The structure of the support steel plate 530 is as follows... Figure 6 As shown, the support plate 530 is also provided with an I-beam through hole that matches the cross-sectional shape of the I-beam 510. The I-beam 510 is inserted into the I-beam through hole on the support plate 530 and welded to fix it. The support plate 530 is used to support the I-beam 510 in the steel arch frame. The support plate 530 is attached to the ground at the tunnel arch foot to increase the support area.

[0036] In this invention, when constructing the steel arch reinforcement zone 500, the steel arch used in the steel arch reinforcement zone 500 can be integrally connected with the steel arch used in the initial support process of tunnel 100 construction, and the steel arch of the steel arch reinforcement zone 500 can be in close contact with the rapid concrete reinforcement zone 400, with spacers used to secure it in any gaps. The spacers used are as follows... Figure 7 and Figure 8 The pads have two forms and specifications: a first pad 550 and a second pad 560. The first pad 550 is a trapezoidal pad, and the second pad 560 is a concave pad. One first pad 550 and two second pads 560 are provided at each connection of the steel arch frame.

[0037] In addition, after constructing the above structure, the present invention also constructed a secondary lining formwork 730 on the outer side of the secondary lining concrete layer 600, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the secondary lining formwork 730 covers the outer surface of the secondary lining concrete layer 600. The secondary lining formwork 730 is a plate structure that reinforces and protects the secondary lining concrete layer 600. The secondary lining formwork 730 is anchored to the anchor rods 710 that penetrate the secondary lining concrete layer 600. A formwork fixing bolt 740 is provided at the edge of the secondary lining formwork 730. One end of the formwork fixing bolt 740 is erected on the tunnel, and the other end of the formwork fixing bolt 740 is bent and placed tightly against the outer surface of the secondary lining formwork 730. The secondary lining formwork 730 is fixed to the secondary lining concrete layer 600 by the formwork fixing bolt 740.

[0038] Since this invention relates to a construction method for dealing with water seepage from a collapsed tunnel roof, and the collapsed area 110 at the top of tunnel 100 is quite high and inconvenient for construction, a mobile construction trolley 800 is used in this invention to assist construction personnel in their work, thus improving their convenience. Figure 1 As shown, the bottom of the mobile construction trolley 800 is a trolley base 820, on which multiple wheels 840 are installed to move the mobile construction trolley 800. During construction, the mobile construction trolley 800 is moved directly to the area below the collapse zone 110 inside the tunnel 100. The main body of the mobile construction trolley 800 consists of a load-bearing column 810 and an upper arch beam 830 installed on the trolley base 820. The upper arch beam 830 is connected by a traveling rail 850 and hydraulic jacks 860. The upper arch beam 830 is mounted on the load-bearing column 810 and can be driven to rise and fall vertically along the travel track 850 by a hydraulic jack 860. Construction workers can adjust the specific construction height by standing on the upper arch beam 830. A rail stop device 870 is fixed at the top of the travel track 850 to limit the rising height of the upper arch beam 830. A reinforcing inclined beam 880 is connected between the upper arch beam 830 and the load-bearing column 810 to support and reinforce the upper arch beam 830.

[0039] Example

[0040] The construction method for treating water seepage from a collapsed tunnel roof disclosed in this invention is carried out according to the following steps:

[0041] Step 1: Evacuate personnel within 100 meters of the tunnel to ensure their safety, and prepare the necessary construction materials in advance according to the construction method.

[0042] Step 2: After the collapse zone 110 of tunnel 100 stabilizes, inspection will be carried out. The inspection locations include the tunnel arch and the tunnel arch foot. The inspection content includes vertical displacement data and horizontal displacement data. When inspecting the tunnel arch, five cross-sectional inspection points will be set up on the arch, including two inspection sections evenly distributed on the left and right sides of the arch and an inspection section in the longitudinal direction of the arch. After the inspection, the top of the tunnel will be observed to determine its safety. Then, backfill soil below the collapse zone 110 to form a plain soil zone 120 and carry out quick-freezing treatment. A quick-freezing zone 200 will be formed below the plain soil zone 120. The quick-freezing treatment will be carried out by professionals using quick-freezing equipment.

[0043] Step 3: After quick freezing, quickly install the insulation layer 300. The insulation layer 300 is fixed below the quick-freezing zone 200 with anchors.

[0044] Step 4: Pre-embed multiple anchor rods 710 and grouting pipes 720 along the radial direction of the tunnel, spray quick-setting concrete to wrap the insulation layer 300, forming a rapid concrete reinforcement zone 400, and then overlap and install multiple steel meshes and fix them on the anchor rods 710 and grouting pipes 720 to form a steel mesh reinforcement zone 700.

[0045] Step 5: Erect a steel arch frame below the rapid concrete reinforcement zone 400 to form a steel arch frame reinforcement zone 500. Connect the steel arch frame used in the steel arch frame reinforcement zone 500 as a whole with the steel arch frame used in the initial support of tunnel 100 construction. Make the steel arch frame of the steel arch frame reinforcement zone 500 in close contact with the rapid concrete reinforcement zone 400, and use spacers to tighten the gaps.

[0046] Step Six: Apply 600 mm of sprayed quick-setting concrete to form the secondary lining concrete layer, completing the initial support and creating a closed loop for the entire construction structure. Then, fill any unsealed areas by injecting grout through the pre-embedded grouting pipes at 720 mm to seal the previously unsealed spaces, thus completing the overall construction.

Claims

1. A construction method for treating water seepage from a collapsed tunnel roof, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Step 1: Evacuate personnel from the tunnel and prepare the necessary construction materials in advance; Step 2: After the collapse area (110) of the tunnel stabilizes, an inspection is carried out. After the inspection, the top of the tunnel is observed to determine its safety. Then, backfill soil below the collapse area (110) to form a plain soil area (120) and carry out quick-freezing treatment. A quick-freezing area (200) is formed below the plain soil area (120). The quick-freezing area (200) is formed by the freezing device to quickly freeze the seepage water. While preventing the seepage water in the collapse area (110) from continuing to seep in, the plain soil area (120) above is supported. Step 3: After quick-freezing, install the insulation layer (300) and fix the insulation layer (300) below the quick-freezing zone (200); Step 4: Pre-embed multiple anchor rods (710) and grouting pipes (720) along the radial direction of the tunnel, and spray quick-setting concrete to wrap the insulation layer (300) to form a rapid concrete reinforcement zone (400). Step 5: Erect a steel arch frame below the rapid concrete reinforcement zone (400) to form a steel arch frame reinforcement zone (500). Step 6: Construct the secondary lining concrete layer (600), and fill the unsealed area by grouting through the pre-embedded grouting pipe (720) to complete the overall construction.

2. The construction method for treating water seepage from a collapsed tunnel roof as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In step two, the detection locations include the tunnel arch and the tunnel arch foot. The detection content includes vertical displacement data and horizontal displacement data. When detecting the tunnel arch, five cross-sectional detection points are set on the arch, including two detection sections evenly distributed on the left and right sides of the arch and a detection section in the longitudinal direction of the arch.

3. The construction method for treating water seepage from a collapsed tunnel roof as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In step five, a steel mesh reinforcement area (700) is set up before the steel arch reinforcement area (500) is erected. The steel mesh reinforcement area (700) is set between the rapid concrete reinforcement area (400) and the steel arch reinforcement area (500). The steel mesh reinforcement area (700) is fixed on the anchor rod (710) and the grouting pipe (720).

4. The construction method for treating water seepage from a collapsed tunnel roof as described in claim 3, characterized in that: In step five, when erecting the steel arch frame reinforcement area (500), the steel arch frame is connected as a whole with the steel arch frame in the initial support process of tunnel construction, and the steel arch frame of the steel arch frame reinforcement area (500) is in close contact with the rapid concrete reinforcement area (400), and spacers are used to tighten the gaps.

5. The construction method for treating water seepage from a collapsed tunnel roof as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The pad includes a first pad (550) and a second pad (560). The first pad (550) is a trapezoidal pad, and the second pad (560) is a concave pad. Each connection of the steel arch frame is provided with one first pad (550) and two second pads (560).

6. The construction method for treating water seepage from a collapsed tunnel roof as described in claim 4, characterized in that: In step five, when erecting the steel arch frame reinforcement area (500), multiple I-beams (510) are connected to form an arch shape that matches the shape of the tunnel. Adjacent I-beams (510) are connected by connecting steel plates (520) and multiple connecting bolts (540) to form a detachable connection. The I-beams (510) are supported at the tunnel arch foot by erecting steel plates (530).

7. The construction method for treating water seepage from a collapsed tunnel roof as described in claim 6, characterized in that: Both the connecting steel plate (520) and the supporting steel plate (530) are provided with I-beam through holes that are adapted to the cross-section of the I-beam (510). Multiple connecting holes adapted to the connecting bolts (540) are evenly arranged on both sides of the I-beam through holes of the connecting steel plate (520).

8. The construction method for treating water seepage from a collapsed tunnel roof as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In step six, after the construction of the secondary lining concrete layer (600) is completed, the secondary lining template (730) is covered on the outer side of the secondary lining concrete layer (600). The secondary lining template (730) is anchored to the anchor rod (710) that penetrates the secondary lining concrete layer (600), and template fixing bolts (740) are set on the edge of the secondary lining template (730). One end of the template fixing bolt (740) is erected on the tunnel, and the other end of the template fixing bolt (740) is bent and set close to the outer side of the secondary lining template (730).

9. The construction method for treating water seepage from a collapsed tunnel roof as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In the construction method, the construction personnel use a mobile construction trolley (800) to move and lift during the construction process; the mobile construction trolley (800) includes a trolley base (820) located at the bottom of the load-bearing column (810) and an upper arch beam (830) that can be lifted and lowered on the load-bearing column (810); the trolley base (820) is provided with multiple traveling wheels (840).

10. The construction method for treating water seepage from a collapsed tunnel roof as described in claim 9, characterized in that: The upper arch beam (830) of the mobile construction trolley (800) is raised and lowered vertically by the cooperation of the travel rail (850) and the hydraulic jack (860). A rail stop device (870) is fixed at the top of the travel rail (850). A reinforcing inclined beam (880) is connected between the upper arch beam (830) and the load-bearing column (810).

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