Aquaculture and wave power generation integrated floating breakwater structure

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of breakwater technology, specifically to a floating breakwater structure integrating aquaculture, wave dissipation, and power generation. It includes buoys and multiple side floats. Each side float has a vertical breakwater plate detachably connected to its bottom symmetrically. A side fixing plate is detachably connected to one side of each vertical breakwater plate at equal intervals. A horizontal column is detachably embedded in the side fixing plate, and a movable locking block slides through the column. Multiple movable locking blocks share a common connecting column. Vertical columns are equidistantly embedded in the vertical breakwater plate, and side breakwater plates are movably connected to each column at symmetrical positions. The other end of each side breakwater plate is rotatably connected to a connecting column. In this invention, when the first spring is stretched and the second spring is compressed to a certain extent, the first and second springs return to their initial triangular state between the two side breakwater plates and the vertical breakwater plate. At this point, the impact force of the waves forces the side breakwater plates to repeat the above movement, continuously reciprocating to achieve the wave dissipation effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of breakwater technology, specifically to a floating breakwater structure integrating aquaculture, wave dissipation, and power generation. Background Technology

[0002] In reality, the marine environment is complex, and floating structures such as marine aquaculture cages are affected by wind, waves, and current loads, especially wave loads, which seriously affect the safety of marine floating structures and the comfort of personnel on board. In order to reduce the impact of wave loads on marine floating structures, aquaculture wave-damping and power generation integrated floating breakwater structures are usually set up around the floating structures to absorb and consume wave energy to reduce wave force. At the same time, in some near-shore cities or near the coastline, a certain length of aquaculture wave-damping and power generation integrated floating breakwater structures are usually set up to reduce the impact of wave force on the coastline, so as to meet their own wave-damping function and expand into multiple functions such as aquaculture and recreation.

[0003] The aquaculture-integrated wave-damping and power-generating floating breakwater structure is one type of breakwater. It typically consists of a wave-damping float and anchoring equipment. Its wave-damping principle involves using the float to impede wave propagation or break up waves, and then, in the opposite direction, to float up and down and sway back and forth under the influence of the waves, further interfering with wave propagation and intensifying the impact on the internal water flow structure, ultimately achieving the goal of reducing wave energy. Most wave energy is concentrated in the surface layer, with the majority of wave energy concentrated in the depth range three times the wave height below the surface. While most existing aquaculture-integrated floating breakwater structures utilize floating blades above sea level for wave dissipation, these structures typically only dissipate waves at a fixed depth below sea level. This makes it difficult to simultaneously dissipate waves at a certain depth below sea level. Furthermore, when faced with long-period or high-wave-height waves, it is difficult to synchronize the dissipation of waves at a certain depth below sea level with the surface waves, resulting in low overall wave dissipation efficiency.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to invent a floating breakwater structure that integrates aquaculture, wave dissipation, and power generation to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the present invention aims to provide an integrated floating breakwater structure for aquaculture and power generation. This solves the problem that existing integrated floating breakwater structures for aquaculture and power generation typically rely solely on floating blades above sea level for wave dissipation. The structure with these floating blades located at a fixed depth below sea level is relatively short, making it difficult to simultaneously dissipate and protect waves within a certain depth below sea level. Furthermore, when faced with long-period or high-wave-height waves, it is difficult to synchronize the dissipation and protection of waves at a certain depth below sea level with the surface waves, resulting in low overall wave dissipation efficiency.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A floating breakwater structure integrating aquaculture wave dissipation and power generation includes a hollow pontoon and multiple side floats symmetrically and detachably connected to the outer perimeter wall of the pontoon. A net box is detachably embedded inside the pontoon. A vertical breakwater plate is detachably connected to the bottom of each side float at a symmetrical position. A side fixing plate is detachably connected to one side of each vertical breakwater plate at equal intervals. A horizontal column is detachably embedded in the side fixing plate laterally. A movable locking block slides through the horizontal column. A linkage column is shared within multiple movable locking blocks. Vertical columns are equidistantly embedded in the vertical breakwater plate. Side breakwater plates are movably connected to the vertical columns at symmetrical positions. The other end of each side breakwater plate is rotatably connected to a linkage column. Multiple first breakwater holes are opened in the vertical breakwater plate. Multiple second breakwater holes are opened in the side breakwater plate. A first spring is sleeved on each column, and the first spring is positioned between the movable ends of the multiple side breakwater plates. A second spring is sleeved on the horizontal column to restrict the lateral sliding of the movable locking blocks.

[0008] In the initial state, the multiple side breakwaters and the vertical breakwater located on the same column form a triangle. When waves crash against the breakwater, the side breakwaters and the movable ends of the column move away from each other and stretch the first spring. At the same time, the movable block is forced to move along the horizontal column towards the vertical breakwater and compress the second spring.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a rotating block is rotatably connected to one end of the side baffle plate, and a slider is connected to the other end of the rotating block. The slider is slidably sleeved on the column, and the first spring is located between multiple sliders.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the linkage column is detachably fitted with a plurality of rotating buckles, and the two ends of the rotating buckles away from the linkage column are respectively rotatably connected to the ends of the two side baffles away from the rotating block.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the bottom end of the vertical wave deflector is connected to a retaining plate, and the vertical wave deflector is provided with a plurality of first guide grooves at equal intervals, one end of which is open. The open end of the first guide groove faces the side connected to the retaining plate. The column is detachably embedded in the first guide groove, and the bottom end of the column abuts against the top end of the retaining plate.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the side fixing plate has a second guide groove with one end open, the open end of the second guide groove facing the side connected to the vertical wave deflector, the horizontal column is detachably embedded in the second guide groove, and one end of the horizontal column abuts against the vertical wave deflector.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a transverse groove is provided in the side float body, and multiple power generation components are detachably arranged at equal intervals in the transverse groove. Each power generation component includes a rotating shaft that rotatably passes through the side float body and extends to the outside. The portions of the rotating shaft located outside the side float body are rotatably fitted with floating frames, and the other end of the floating frames is rotatably connected to floating blades.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, guardrails can be detachably connected to the top of the pontoon and the surrounding area of ​​the top of the multiple side floats on both sides, and guardrails can be detachably connected to the top of the pontoon where it is adapted to the hanging net box.

[0015] The technical effects and advantages provided by the present invention in the above technical solution are as follows:

[0016] 1. In the initial state of this invention, the two side breakwaters and the vertical breakwater form a triangle. When waves of a certain depth below sea level impact the breakwater, they first contact the side breakwaters forming the triangle with the vertical breakwater. The waves pass through the second breakwater hole and force the rotating ends of the two side breakwaters to move away from each other, stretching the first spring. During this process, the movable locking block is simultaneously forced to slide along the horizontal column towards the side of the vertical breakwater and compress the second spring. When the first spring is stretched and the second spring is compressed to a certain extent, or when the accumulated elastic potential energy of both exceeds the impact force of the waves, The first and second springs return to their initial triangular state between the two side breakwaters and the vertical breakwater. At this point, the impact force of the waves forces the side breakwaters to repeat the above movement again and continuously reciprocate to achieve the wave-damping effect. During this process, the first and second breakwater holes can allow a certain amount of seawater to pass through, avoiding excessive impact and damage to the breakwater as a whole. When facing the impact of some long-period waves or waves of a certain height and depth, the breakwater can perform wave-damping treatment synchronized with the waves at a certain height below the sea level, thereby improving the overall wave-damping efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a partial overall structural diagram of the wave-damping structure of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the overall structure from another perspective;

[0020] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 2 A magnified view of the structure at point A in the middle;

[0021] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 2 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point B in the middle;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention, which only has a single-sided wave-damping structure.

[0023] Figure 7 This is a simplified diagram illustrating the use of the present invention.

[0024] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0025] 1. Float; 2. Net cage; 3. Side float; 4. Horizontal groove; 5. Rotating shaft; 6. Floating rotating frame; 7. Floating blade; 8. Guardrail; 9. Vertical breakwater; 10. First breakwater hole; 11. Locking strip; 12. First guide groove; 13. Column; 14. Side fixing plate; 15. Second guide groove; 16. Horizontal column; 17. Movable locking block; 18. Linkage column; 19. Rotating buckle; 20. Side breakwater; 21. Rotating block; 22. Sliding block; 23. First spring; 24. Second spring; 25. Second breakwater hole. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] Example 1

[0028] This invention provides, for example Figure 1-5The integrated floating breakwater structure for aquaculture and power generation shown includes a hollow pontoon 1 and multiple side floats 3 symmetrically and detachably connected to the outer perimeter wall of the pontoon 1. A net box 2 is detachably embedded inside the pontoon 1. Vertical breakwater plates 9 are detachably connected to the bottom of each side float 3 at symmetrical positions. Side fixing plates 14 are detachably connected to one side of the vertical breakwater plate 9 at equal intervals. Horizontal columns 16 are detachably embedded in the side fixing plates 14. Movable locking blocks 17 slide through the horizontal columns 16. Multiple movable locking blocks 17 are connected together. The system includes a linkage column 18, vertical wave deflector 9 with columns 13 embedded at equal intervals, side wave deflector 20 movably connected to each of the columns 13 at symmetrical positions, and the other end of each side wave deflector 20 rotatably connected to the linkage column 18. The vertical wave deflector 9 has multiple first wave deflector holes 10, and the side wave deflector 20 has multiple second wave deflector holes 25. The columns 13 are fitted with first springs 23, and the first springs 23 are located between the movable ends of the multiple side wave deflector 20. The horizontal column 16 is fitted with a second spring 24 that restricts the lateral sliding of the movable locking block 17.

[0029] In the initial state, the multiple side breakwaters 20 located on the same column 13 form a triangle with the vertical breakwater 9. When the waves hit the breakwater, the side breakwaters 20 and the movable ends of the column 13 move away from each other and stretch the first spring 23. At the same time, the movable block 17 is forced to move along the horizontal column 16 toward the vertical breakwater 9 and compress the second spring 24.

[0030] One end of the side wave deflector 20 is rotatably connected to a rotating block 21, and the other end of the rotating block 21 is connected to a slider 22. The slider 22 is slidably sleeved on the column 13. The first spring 23 is located between multiple sliders 22. When the waves impact, the side wave deflector 20 forces the slider 22 to slide away from the column 13 longitudinally and stretches the first spring 23, thereby offsetting the impact force of the waves.

[0031] The linkage column 18 is detachably fitted with multiple rotating buckles 19. The two ends of the rotating buckles 19 away from the linkage column 18 are respectively rotatably connected to the ends of the two side wave deflectors 20 away from the rotating block 21. The rotating buckles 19 rotatably connect the side wave deflectors 20 and the linkage column 18. When facing the impact of waves, the rotating buckles 19 drive the movable block 17 to slide along the horizontal column 16 towards the vertical wave deflector 9 and compress the second spring 24.

[0032] The bottom end of the vertical breakwater 9 is connected to a retaining plate 11. The vertical breakwater 9 has multiple first guide grooves 12 with one open end at equal intervals. The open end of the first guide groove 12 faces the side connected to the retaining plate 11. The column 13 is detachably embedded in the first guide groove 12. The bottom end of the column 13 abuts against the top end of the retaining plate 11. The first guide groove 12 allows seawater to pass through the remaining gaps while facilitating the installation of the column 13.

[0033] The side fixing plate 14 has a second guide groove 15 with one end open. The open end of the second guide groove 15 faces the side connected to the vertical wave deflector 9. The horizontal column 16 is detachably embedded in the second guide groove 15. One end of the horizontal column 16 abuts against the vertical wave deflector 9. During the process of the movable locking block 17 sliding laterally along the horizontal column 16, unnecessary displacement of the side wave deflector 20 can be avoided.

[0034] A transverse groove 4 is provided inside the side float 3. Multiple power generation components are detachably installed at equal intervals in the transverse groove 4. Each power generation component includes a rotating shaft 5 that rotatably passes through the side float 3 and extends to the outside. The two ends of the rotating shaft 5 located outside the side float 3 are rotatably fitted with floating frames 6. The other end of the floating frames 6 is rotatably connected to floating blades 7. When facing the impact of sea waves, the floating blades 7 rotate relative to each other to offset the impact force of the sea waves and drive the rotating shaft 5 to rotate. In turn, the mechanical energy is converted into electrical energy through the power generation components. The electrical energy can be connected to the urban power grid or used for lighting, monitoring, and some daily life and production activities on the floating breakwater.

[0035] The top of the pontoon 1 and the multiple side floats 3 on both sides can be detachably connected to guardrails 8. The top of the pontoon 1 is adapted to the hanging net box 2 and guardrails 8 can be detachably connected to guardrails 8. The guardrails 8 can provide a certain degree of protection around the top of the pontoon and the multiple side floats on both sides, making it convenient for people to stand on it or carry out other activities.

[0036] The integrated aquaculture wave-damping and power-generating floating breakwater structure is fixed to the seabed by anchor chains and anchors (not shown in the figure) on both sides. The structures on both sides of the hanging net box 2 are identical; a portion of one side's structure is hidden in the attached figure. The length of the breakwater structures on both sides can be designed to vary depending on actual usage or the length of the breakwater to be protected, while also incorporating structural dimensions derived from data analysis and comparison. For the integrated aquaculture wave-damping and power-generating floating breakwater structure, a crucial factor affecting its wave-damping effect is the size of its structure. The specific structural dimensions are draft (D) and horizontal width (Lo). These are further described and quantified by parameters such as the ratio of draft to water depth (D / d) and the ratio of wavelength to structural width (L / Lo). Generally, the larger the D / d value, the better the wave-damping effect; the smaller the L / Lo value, i.e., the wider the floating body, the better the wave-damping effect. Based on these data and the actual conditions of the wave-damping zone, the structural design of a floating breakwater structure integrating aquaculture, wave-damping, and power generation can be carried out. In practice, selecting L / Lo < 4 will achieve the best wave-damping effect.

[0037] Example 2

[0038] refer to Figure 6-7 The difference from Example 1 is that: Figure 6The central buoy 1 and the multiple side buoys 3 on both sides each have a wave-damping structure on only one side, which is used in the breakwater body, while in Example 1... Figure 1 Breakwaters with wave-damping structures on both sides are used at the head of the breakwater.

[0039] In use, the hanging net cage 2 is used for fish farming. When waves crash against the breakwater, the floating blades 7 on the sea surface rotate relative to each other to offset the impact force of the waves and drive the rotating shaft 5 to rotate. This, in turn, converts mechanical energy into electrical energy through the power generation components. The electrical energy can be connected to the city power grid or used for lighting, monitoring, and some daily life and production activities on the floating breakwater. At a certain depth below sea level, waves first impact the side breakwater plate 20. The side breakwater plate 20 forces the slider 22 to slide longitudinally away from the column 13 and stretches the first spring 23, thereby offsetting the impact force of the waves. The rotating buckle 19 drives the movable block 17 to slide along the horizontal column 16 towards the vertical breakwater 9 and compress the second spring 24. Some seawater passes through the first breakwater hole 10 and the second breakwater hole 25 to pass through the breakwater, avoiding excessive impact that could damage the breakwater. When the first spring 23 is stretched and the second spring 24 is compressed to a certain extent, or when the accumulated elastic potential energy of both exceeds the impact force of the waves, the elastic potential energy is released, and the side breakwater 20 returns to its original position. In the continuous contest between the elastic potential energy and the impact force of the waves, the side breakwater 20 continuously returns to its original position to prevent and mitigate waves.

[0040] In the initial state of this invention, the two side breakwaters 20 and the vertical breakwater 9 form a triangle. When waves of a certain depth below sea level impact the breakwater, they first contact the side breakwaters 20, which form a triangle with the vertical breakwater 9. The waves pass through the second breakwater hole 25 and force the rotating ends of the two side breakwaters 20 to move away from each other, stretching the first spring 23. During this process, the movable locking block 17 is simultaneously forced to slide along the horizontal column 16 towards the side closer to the vertical breakwater 9 and compress the second spring 24. When the first spring 23 is stretched and the second spring 24 is compressed to a certain extent, or when the accumulated elastic potential energy of both exceeds that of the waves... After the impact, the first spring 23 and the second spring 24 return to the initial triangular state between the two side breakwaters 20 and the vertical breakwater 9. At this time, the impact of the waves forces the side breakwaters 20 to repeat the above movement again and continuously reciprocate to achieve the wave-damping effect. During the process, the first breakwater hole 10 and the second breakwater hole 25 can pass through a certain amount of seawater to avoid excessive impact and damage to the breakwater as a whole. When facing some long-period or high-wave-depth waves, the breakwater can perform wave-damping treatment synchronous with the waves at a certain depth below the sea surface, thereby improving the overall wave-damping efficiency.

[0041] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An integrated floating breakwater structure for aquaculture, wave dissipation, and power generation, characterized in that: The system includes a hollow buoy (1) and multiple side floats (3) symmetrically and detachably connected to the outer perimeter wall of the buoy (1). A hanging net box (2) is detachably embedded inside the buoy (1). A vertical wave deflector (9) is detachably connected to the bottom of each side float (3) at a symmetrical position. A side fixing plate (14) is detachably connected to one side of the vertical wave deflector (9) at equal intervals. A horizontal column (16) is detachably embedded in the side fixing plate (14). A movable locking block (17) is slidably passed through the horizontal column (16). A linkage column (18) is passed through multiple movable locking blocks (17). The vertical wave deflector... The plate (9) is embedded with columns (13) at equal intervals. Each column (13) is symmetrically connected with a side wave deflector (20). The other end of each side wave deflector (20) is rotatably connected to a linkage column (18). The vertical wave deflector (9) is provided with multiple first wave deflector holes (10). The side wave deflector (20) is provided with multiple second wave deflector holes (25). The column (13) is fitted with a first spring (23), and the first spring (23) is located between the movable ends of multiple side wave deflectors (20). The horizontal column (16) is fitted with a second spring (24) that restricts the horizontal sliding of the movable locking block (17). In the initial state, the multiple side breakwaters (20) located on the same column (13) form a triangle with the vertical breakwater (9). When the waves hit the breakwater, the side breakwaters (20) and the movable ends of the column (13) move away from each other and stretch the first spring (23). At the same time, the movable block (17) is forced to move along the horizontal column (16) closer to the vertical breakwater (9) and compress the second spring (24). One end of the side wave deflector (20) is rotatably connected to a rotating block (21), and the other end of the rotating block (21) is connected to a slider (22). The slider (22) is slidably sleeved on the column (13), and the first spring (23) is located between multiple sliders (22). The linkage column (18) is detachably fitted with multiple rotating buckles (19), and the two ends of the rotating buckles (19) away from the linkage column (18) are respectively rotatably connected to the ends of the two side baffles (20) away from the rotating block (21).

2. The integrated floating breakwater structure for aquaculture, wave dissipation, and power generation as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom end of the vertical wave deflector (9) is connected to a retaining plate (11). The vertical wave deflector (9) has multiple first guide grooves (12) with one open end at equal intervals. The open end of the first guide groove (12) faces the side connected to the retaining plate (11). The column (13) is detachably embedded in the first guide groove (12). The bottom end of the column (13) abuts against the top end of the retaining plate (11).

3. The integrated floating breakwater structure for aquaculture, wave dissipation, and power generation as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The side fixing plate (14) has a second guide groove (15) with one end open. The open end of the second guide groove (15) faces the side connected to the vertical wave deflector (9). The horizontal column (16) is detachably embedded in the second guide groove (15). One end of the horizontal column (16) abuts against the vertical wave deflector (9).

4. The integrated floating breakwater structure for aquaculture, wave dissipation, and power generation as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The side float (3) has a transverse groove (4) inside. Multiple power generation components are detachably installed in the transverse groove (4) at equal intervals. The power generation components include a rotating shaft (5) that rotates through the side float (3) and extends to the outside. The two ends of the rotating shaft (5) located outside the side float (3) are rotatably fitted with a floating frame (6). The other end of the floating frame (6) is rotatably connected to a floating blade (7).

5. The integrated floating breakwater structure for aquaculture, wave dissipation, and power generation as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the pontoon (1) and the multiple side floats (3) on both sides can be detachably connected with guardrails (8), and the top of the pontoon (1) can be detachably connected with guardrails (8) at the location where it is adapted to the hanging net box (2).

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