Multi-position open-close blowout prevention valve

Abstract

The application provides a multi-station normally open and normally closed blowout prevention valve, which comprises a shell, a valve seat, a valve core assembly and a lower centering cylinder, the valve core assembly comprises a valve core body and a lower valve core rod arranged below the valve core body, a sealing surface adapted to the valve seat is arranged on the valve core body, a sliding sleeve is arranged outside the lower valve core rod, the sliding sleeve is sleeved in the lower centering cylinder, a first compression spring is arranged between the lower centering cylinder and the valve core body, a guide sliding groove is arranged on the lower valve core rod, a guide push rod is arranged in the sliding sleeve and is in sliding fit in the guide sliding groove, the guide sliding groove comprises a normally closed station, a low-pressure station and a blowout prevention station in sequence, a V-shaped groove is arranged at the front end of the guide push rod, and the low-pressure station is provided with a protrusion adapted to the V-shaped groove of the guide push rod. The normally open and normally closed behaviors of the valve are realized through the shape, track and movement cooperation design of the guide sliding groove and the guide push rod; meanwhile, the design of the protrusion of the low-pressure station of the guide sliding groove can reduce the mud filling pressure requirement in the open state of the valve.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of valve technology, and more specifically, to a multi-position normally open and normally closed anti-blowout valve. Background Technology

[0002] Internal blowout preventers (BOPs) are crucial tools in oil and gas drilling. Their function is to prevent fluid from flowing back up through the drill pipe in dangerous situations such as overflows, kicks, and blowouts, thus preventing the escalation of the accident and making handling more difficult. Existing internal BOPs are mainly classified into normally closed and normally open types.

[0003] Normally closed internal blowout preventers (BOPs) are primarily represented by float valves. They are normally closed, opening under the pressure of the fluid column / pump pressure after drilling fluid is injected. However, normally closed internal BOPs can cause excessive pressure differentials across the valve during drilling, increasing drilling resistance and making the valve prone to damage. This necessitates periodic grouting during drilling (typically every 300m in the field). Grouting requires a stationary drill string to connect to the top drive or swivel, significantly increasing the risk of differential pressure sticking and stuck pipe. Furthermore, normally closed internal BOPs also cause a significant drop in drilling fluid pressure during drilling, requiring higher pump pressure to meet bottom hole drilling demands.

[0004] Normally open type blowout preventers (BOPs) are mainly represented by arrow-shaped valves, which can automatically grout during drilling. However, existing normally open internal BOPs remain in a constant open state under normal operating conditions, and their closing process is complex, sometimes requiring wellhead operation. This makes it difficult to meet the requirements for automatic closing in case of overflow, well kick, blowout, or other emergencies. Furthermore, existing normally open internal BOPs cannot be reset to the normally open state after closing, sometimes requiring tripping out of the well for complete replacement or manual reset. This is inefficient, has limited applicability, and has hindered its widespread adoption in the field.

[0005] Therefore, designing a blowout preventer valve inside the drill bit that can be opened and closed multiple times is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a multi-position normally open and normally closed blowout preventer valve, which realizes multiple normally open and normally closed behaviors of the valve through the design of the guide groove shape, trajectory and the movement of the guide push rod; at the same time, the low-pressure position protrusion design of the guide groove can reduce the pressure required for slurry injection when the valve is open, so as to reduce valve core erosion and pump energy consumption. That is, it can not only realize the switching between normally open and normally closed, but also has a low-pressure position to meet different needs.

[0007] The embodiments of the present invention are implemented as follows:

[0008] This invention provides a multi-position normally open and normally closed blowout preventer valve, comprising a housing, a valve seat disposed in the upper part of the housing, a valve core assembly that slides axially with the valve seat, and a lower centering cylinder disposed in the lower part of the housing. The valve core assembly includes a valve core body and a lower valve core rod disposed below the valve core body. The valve core body is provided with a sealing surface adapted to the valve seat. A slide cylinder is slidably sleeved on the lower valve core rod, and the slide cylinder is sleeved inside the lower centering cylinder. A first compression spring is provided between the lower centering cylinder and the valve core body. A guide groove is provided on the lower valve core rod, and a guide push rod that slides within the guide groove is provided inside the slide cylinder. The guide groove sequentially includes a normally closed position, a low-pressure position, and a blowout preventer position, which are connected end to end. A V-shaped groove is provided at the front end of the guide push rod, and a protrusion adapted to the V-shaped groove on the guide push rod is provided in the low-pressure position.

[0009] Furthermore, the normally closed station is located at the highest point of the guide chute, and a normally open station is also provided next to the normally closed station. The blowout preventer station is located at the lowest point of the guide chute, and the low-pressure station is located between the normally closed station and the blowout preventer station.

[0010] Furthermore, the normally closed station, through the low-pressure station, to the blowout preventer station forms a first chute. The first chute is a vertical chute, and its depth gradually decreases from top to bottom. The blowout preventer station, without passing through the low-pressure station, to the normally closed station forms a second chute. The second chute is a spiral upward chute, and its depth gradually decreases from bottom to top. The normally closed station is provided with a first anti-reverse protrusion near the end of the second chute, and the blowout preventer station is provided with a second anti-reverse protrusion near the end of the first chute.

[0011] Furthermore, an upper valve core rod is provided above the valve core body, and a centering hole is provided in the middle of the valve seat. The upper valve core rod moves through the centering hole, and a flow groove is also provided around the centering hole of the valve seat.

[0012] Furthermore, the valve seat is fixedly connected to the outer shell by threads, and O-rings are provided between the upper and lower ends of the valve seat and the outer shell.

[0013] Furthermore, the lower end of the lower valve core rod is a guide post, and the guide groove is disposed on the guide post. The diameter of the guide post is larger than the diameter of the upper end of the lower valve core rod.

[0014] Furthermore, spring grooves are provided on the lower surface of the valve core and the upper surface of the lower centering cylinder, and the upper and lower ends of the first compression spring are respectively placed in the spring grooves on the lower surface of the valve core and the upper surface of the lower centering cylinder.

[0015] Furthermore, a sealing plug is provided between the upper end of the slide cylinder and the lower valve core rod, the lower end of the slide cylinder is fixedly connected to the lower center cylinder by a threaded plug, an O-ring is provided between the threaded plug and the lower center cylinder, a flow groove is provided at both the upper and lower ends of the lower center cylinder, and a flow-increasing groove is provided on the side wall of the lower center cylinder.

[0016] Furthermore, the outer wall of the slide cylinder is provided with a positioning protrusion adapted to the lower center cylinder, and the positioning protrusion is provided with an assembly groove for a guide push rod.

[0017] Furthermore, the guide push rod includes a limiting part and a guiding part. The limiting part is located in the assembly square groove. A second compression spring is provided between the limiting part and the inner wall of the lower center cylinder. The V-shaped groove is opened at the front end of the guiding part. One side of the guiding part is a plane.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the multi-position normally open and normally closed blowout preventer valve provided by this invention include:

[0019] 1. The guide chute of the present invention includes a normally closed position, a low-pressure position, and a blowout preventer position. The normally closed position, the low-pressure position, and the blowout preventer position are connected end to end to form a ring structure. Its shape, trajectory, and the motion coordination design of the guide push rod realize the valve's multiple normally open and normally closed behaviors. By adjusting the pressure inside the drill rod and adjusting the elasticity of the hydraulic pressure and the first compression spring, the valve core can be pushed to realize the valve's opening and closing functions. This solves the defect of the normally open internal blowout preventer valve in the prior art that cannot be automatically reopened once closed, and also does not require a particularly large pump pressure.

[0020] 2. At the same time, the raised design in the low-pressure position of the guide chute can reduce the pressure required for slurry injection when the valve is open, so as to reduce valve core erosion and pump energy consumption.

[0021] 3. The structure combining the sliding cylinder and the lower centering cylinder constrains the degree of freedom of the valve core assembly, ensuring the centering of the valve core assembly and enabling its rotation and vertical movement to be smooth and stable. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the multi-station normally open and normally closed anti-blowout valve of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the valve core structure in this invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the valve core from another angle in this invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the valve seat structure in this invention;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the lower cylinder structure in this invention;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the slide tube structure in this invention;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the connection between the lower middle cylinder and the sliding cylinder in this invention.

[0030] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the guide push rod in this invention;

[0031] Icons: 1. Outer shell; 2. Valve seat; 21. Centering hole; 22. Flow groove; 3. Valve core body; 4. Lower centering cylinder; 41. Flow groove; 42. Flow enhancement groove; 5. Upper valve core rod; 6. Lower valve core rod; 61. Guide post; 7. Sealing surface; 8. Slide cylinder; 81. Positioning protrusion; 82. Assembly square groove; 9. First compression spring; 10. Guide slide groove; 101. Normally open position; 102. Normally closed position; 103. Low pressure position; 104. Anti-blowout position; 105. Protrusion; 106. First slide groove; 107. Second slide groove; 108. First anti-reverse protrusion; 109. Second anti-reverse protrusion; 11. Guide push rod; 111. V-groove; 112. Limiting part; 113. Guide part; 114. Second compression spring; 12. Sealing plug; 13. Threaded plug. Detailed Implementation

[0032] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0033] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0034] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0035] Furthermore, terms such as "horizontal" and "vertical" do not imply that components must be absolutely horizontal or suspended, but rather that they can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical," and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0036] In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0037] Example 1: As Figure 1-8 As shown, this invention provides a multi-position normally open and normally closed anti-blowout valve, including a housing 1, a valve seat 2 disposed in the upper part of the housing 1, a valve core assembly that slides axially with the valve seat 2, and a lower centering cylinder 4 disposed in the lower part of the housing 1. The valve core assembly includes a valve core body 3 and a lower valve core rod 6 disposed below the valve core body 3. The valve core body 3 is provided with a sealing surface 7 adapted to the valve seat 2. A sliding cylinder 8 is slidably sleeved on the lower valve core rod 6. The sliding cylinder 8 is sleeved inside the lower centering cylinder 4. A first... A compression spring 9 is provided. A guide groove 10 is provided on the lower valve core rod 6. A guide push rod 11 is provided in the slide cylinder 8 and slides within the guide groove 10. The guide groove 10 includes a normally closed position 102, a low-pressure position 103, and a blowout preventer position 104 in sequence. The normally closed position 102, the low-pressure position 103, and the blowout preventer position 104 are connected end to end. A V-groove 111 is provided at the front end of the guide push rod 11. The low-pressure position 103 is provided with a protrusion 105 that matches the V-groove 111 on the guide push rod 11.

[0038] The guide chute 10 of the present invention includes a normally closed station 102, a low-pressure station 103, and a blowout preventer station 104. The normally closed station 102, the low-pressure station 103, and the blowout preventer station 104 are connected end to end to form a ring structure. The design of its shape, trajectory, and the movement of the guide push rod 11 realizes the valve's multiple normally open and normally closed behaviors. By adjusting the pressure inside the drill pipe and adjusting the elasticity of the hydraulic pressure and the first compression spring 9, the valve core 3 can be pushed to realize the valve's opening and closing functions. This solves the defect of the normally open internal blowout preventer valve in the prior art that cannot be automatically reopened once closed, and also does not require a particularly large pump pressure. At the same time, the design of the protrusion 105 in the low-pressure station 103 of the guide chute 10 can reduce the pressure required for mud injection when the valve is open, so as to reduce valve core erosion and pump energy consumption. The structure of the combination of the slide cylinder 8 and the lower centering cylinder 4 constrains the degree of freedom of the valve core assembly, ensuring the centering of the valve core assembly, so that its rotation and up and down movement can be smooth and stable.

[0039] like Figure 2-3 As shown, the normally closed station 102 is located at the highest point of the guide slide 10. A normally open station 101 is also provided next to the normally closed station 102. The blowout preventer station 104 is located at the lowest point of the guide slide 10. The low-pressure station 103 is located between the normally closed station 102 and the blowout preventer station 104. Under the action of the first compression spring 9, the valve core 3 moves closer to the valve seat 2. Without other external force, the valve core 3 fits against the valve seat 2, sealing the entire passage.

[0040] The guide push rod 11 moves in the guide groove 10 to complete the valve state change.

[0041] (1) When no mud is injected, the guide push rod 11 is in the initial state when it is in the normally open position 101. The valve core 3 is stuck in the normally open position 101 by the upward force of the first compression spring 9. At this time, the valve is a normally open valve and the valve is open.

[0042] (2) When the slurry is injected with higher pressure, the upper part of the valve core 3 is subjected to the downward force of the slurry, and the guide push rod 11 is in the normally closed position 102, which is away from the initial state. At this time, the valve is a normally closed valve and the valve is open.

[0043] (3) When the mud is injected at a lower pressure, the V-groove 111 of the guide push rod 11 is engaged with the protrusion 105 of the low-pressure station 103, and the valve opens;

[0044] (4) When the well blows out, the pressure inside the valve is balanced. The restoring force of the first compression spring 9 is large, which pushes the valve core 3 upward to squeeze the guide push rod 11, so that the guide push rod 11 passes through the low pressure position 103 to reach the blowout prevention position 104, and the valve closes quickly.

[0045] (5) When the high pressure is applied again, the guide push rod 11 returns to the normally closed position 102 along the guide slide 10.

[0046] The valve as a whole operates in the following sequence: normally open position 101 - normally closed position 102 - low pressure position 103 - blowout preventer position 104 - normally closed position 102 - low pressure position 103 - blowout preventer position 104... The protrusion 105 in the low pressure position 103 reduces the pressure required for slurry injection, thereby reducing valve core erosion and pump energy consumption.

[0047] Example 2: Figure 2-3 As shown, based on Embodiment 1, the normally closed station 102 passes through the low-pressure station 103 to the blowout preventer station 104, forming a first chute 106. The first chute 106 is a vertical chute, and its depth gradually decreases from top to bottom. The blowout preventer station 104 does not pass through the low-pressure station 103 to the normally closed station 102, forming a second chute 107. The second chute 107 is a spiral upward chute, and its depth gradually decreases from bottom to top. The normally closed station 102 near the end of the second chute 107 is provided with a first anti-reverse protrusion 108, and the blowout preventer station 104 near the end of the first chute 106 is provided with a second anti-reverse protrusion 109.

[0048] The valve as a whole operates in the following sequence: normally open position 101, normally closed position 102, low-pressure position 103, blowout preventer position 104, normally closed position 102, low-pressure position 103, blowout preventer position 104… The first sluice 106 is a vertical sluice. In the event of a sudden overflow, well kick, blowout, or other dangerous conditions, the guide rod 11 travels the shortest straight distance from the normally closed position 102 or low-pressure position 103 to the blowout preventer position 104. This eliminates the need for the valve core 3 to rotate, minimizing the time it takes for the valve core 3 to close the valve seat 2. This allows the guide rod 11 to move from the normally closed position 102 or low-pressure position 103 to the blowout preventer position 104 as quickly and directly as possible, closing the valve and achieving the blowout preventer function with significant effect. The groove depths of the first groove 106 and the second groove 107 are both gradually changed. At the same time, the first anti-reverse protrusion 108 and the second anti-reverse protrusion 109 are also provided, so that the guide push rod 11 can only perform a unidirectional cyclic action in the guide groove 10 according to the setting, thus avoiding malfunction.

[0049] Example 3: Figure 4 As shown in Embodiment 1, an upper valve core rod 5 is provided above the valve core body 3, and a centering hole 21 is provided in the middle of the valve seat 2. The upper valve core rod 5 moves through the centering hole 21, and a flow groove 22 is also provided around the centering hole 21 of the valve seat 2. The valve seat 2 is fixedly connected to the outer shell 1 by threads, and O-rings are provided between the upper and lower ends of the valve seat 2 and the outer shell 1.

[0050] The upper valve core rod 5 is located inside the centering hole 21, ensuring the centering and stability of the upper part of the valve core body 3. At the same time, the lower valve core rod 6 at the bottom of the valve core body 3 is sleeved inside the slide cylinder 8. The lower valve core rod 6 can only rotate and slide up and down inside the slide cylinder 8, ensuring the centering and stability of the lower part of the valve core body 3, so that the entire valve core assembly can rotate and move smoothly within the valve seat 2.

[0051] Example 4: Figure 1-3 As shown, based on Embodiment 1, the lower end of the lower valve core rod 6 is a guide post 61, and the guide groove 10 is disposed on the guide post 61. The diameter of the guide post 61 is larger than the diameter of the upper end of the lower valve core rod 6. The increased diameter of the guide post 61 allows for a larger guide groove 10, which can be adapted to a larger guide push rod 11, improving the stability of the guide. Lubricating oil can also be added inside the slide cylinder 8 to ensure that the guide post 61 can smoothly perform axial and rotational movements within the slide cylinder 8.

[0052] Example 5: Figure 5-7 As shown, based on Embodiment 1, spring grooves are provided on the lower surface of the valve core 3 and the upper surface of the lower centering cylinder 4. The upper and lower ends of the first compression spring 9 are respectively placed in the spring grooves on the lower surface of the valve core 3 and the upper surface of the lower centering cylinder 4. The design of the spring grooves makes the spring more stable in fixing between the valve core 3 and the lower centering cylinder 4, avoiding the spring from shaking. A sealing plug 12 is provided between the upper end of the slide cylinder 8 and the lower valve core rod 6. The lower end of the slide cylinder 8 is threadedly fixed to the lower centering cylinder 4 through a threaded plug 13. An O-ring is provided between the threaded plug 13 and the lower centering cylinder 4. Both the upper and lower ends of the lower centering cylinder 4 are provided with flow grooves 41, and the side wall of the lower centering cylinder 4 is provided with flow-increasing grooves 42. The design of the sealing plug 12 and the O-ring ensures the sealing of each part. The threaded plug 13 cooperates with the lower centering cylinder 4 to fix the slide cylinder 8 and prevent the slide cylinder 8 from moving up and down. The lower end of the middle cylinder 4 is constrained by a boss inside the outer shell 1, and the upper end of the middle cylinder 4 is constrained by a first compression spring 9, which fits perfectly inside the outer shell 1.

[0053] The slide cylinder 8 is installed into the outer casing 1 via the lower centering cylinder 4, facilitating its installation. Simultaneously, a sealing plug 12 encloses the guide post 61 within the slide cylinder 8, isolating it from the external mud and sand environment. This ensures smooth rotation of the guide post 61 within the slide cylinder 8 and prevents mud and sand from entering the guide groove 10 and obstructing the guide push rod 11. Furthermore, the lower centering cylinder 4 and the slide cylinder 8 form an integral unit, allowing the first compression spring 9 to be located on the outer side of the lower centering cylinder 4. Enlarging the diameter of the first compression spring 9 allows it to be positioned further outwards from the valve core 3, providing more stable support and preventing displacement of the valve core 3.

[0054] Example 6: Figure 6-8As shown, based on Embodiment 1, the outer wall of the slide cylinder 8 is provided with a positioning protrusion 81 that matches the lower centering cylinder 4, and the positioning protrusion 81 is provided with an assembly square groove 82 for the guide push rod 11. The lower centering cylinder 4 is provided with a positioning groove that matches the positioning protrusion, so that the slide cylinder 8 can be quickly installed into the lower centering cylinder 4, and at the same time, it prevents the slide cylinder 8 from rotating inside the lower centering cylinder 4, ensuring smooth operation.

[0055] The guide push rod 11 includes a limiting part 112 and a guide part 113. The limiting part 112 is located in the assembly square groove 82. A second compression spring 114 is provided between the limiting part 112 and the inner wall of the lower centering cylinder 4. The V-shaped groove 111 is opened at the front end of the guide part 113, and one side of the guide part 113 is flat. The design of the V-shaped groove 111 allows it to be stuck on the protrusion 105 of the low-pressure position 103 of the guide slide 10 when the low-pressure mud flow is injected. During a blowout, the spring pushes the valve core 3 upward, causing the protrusion 105 to undergo a large elastic deformation, causing it to detach from the low-pressure position 103 and slide to the blowout prevention position of the guide slide 10, thus closing the valve.

[0056] One side of the guide portion 113 of the guide push rod 11 is cut into a plane, and the plane side uses surface contact instead of line contact to ensure more reliable guiding movement. The limiting portion 112 cooperates with the mounting square groove 82 of the slide cylinder 8 to prevent the guide push rod 11 from rotating and facilitate positioning; a cylinder can also be set at the rear end of the limiting portion 112, and the second compression spring 114 is sleeved on the cylinder. Since the depth of the guide groove 10 is different at different points, the guide push rod 11 needs to move along its axial direction. The second compression spring 114 ensures that the guide portion is always tangent to the bottom of the guide groove 10 when it moves.

[0057] This invention achieves multiple normally open and normally closed valve behaviors through the design of the shape and trajectory of the guide groove 10 and the motion coordination of the guide push rod 11. Simultaneously, the design of the low-pressure station 103 protrusion 105 in the guide groove 10 reduces the pressure required for mud injection when the valve is open, thereby reducing valve core erosion and pump energy consumption. In other words, it not only enables normally open and normally closed switching but also features a low-pressure station 103, meeting diverse needs.

[0058] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-position normally open and normally closed anti-blowout valve, characterized in that: The system includes a housing (1), a valve seat (2) located in the upper part of the housing (1), a valve core assembly that slides axially with the valve seat (2), and a lower centering cylinder (4) located in the lower part of the housing (1). The valve core assembly includes a valve core body (3) and a lower valve core rod (6) located below the valve core body (3). The valve core body (3) is provided with a sealing surface (7) adapted to the valve seat (2). A slide cylinder (8) is slidably sleeved on the lower valve core rod (6). The slide cylinder (8) is sleeved inside the lower centering cylinder (4). A first compression spring (9) is provided between the lower centering cylinder (4) and the valve core body (3). A guide groove (10) is provided on the valve core rod (6), and a guide push rod (11) is provided in the slide cylinder (8) and slides in the guide groove (10). The guide groove (10) includes a normally closed position (102), a low-pressure position (103), and a blowout prevention position (104) in sequence. The normally closed position (102), the low-pressure position (103), and the blowout prevention position (104) are connected end to end. A V-groove (111) is provided at the front end of the guide push rod (11), and a protrusion (105) is provided in the low-pressure position (103) that matches the V-groove (111) on the guide push rod (11). The normally closed station (102) is located at the highest point of the guide slide (10), and a normally open station (101) is also provided next to the normally closed station (102). The blowout prevention station (104) is located at the lowest point of the guide slide (10), and the low-pressure station (103) is located between the normally closed station (102) and the blowout prevention station (104). The normally closed station (102) passes through the low-pressure station (103) to the blowout preventer station (104) via a first chute (106), which is a vertical chute and gradually decreases in depth from top to bottom. The blowout preventer station (104) does not pass through the low-pressure station (103) to the normally closed station (102) via a second chute (107), which is a spiral upward chute and gradually decreases in depth from bottom to top. The normally closed station (102) near the second chute (107) is provided with a first anti-reverse protrusion (108), and the blowout preventer station (104) near the first chute (106) is provided with a second anti-reverse protrusion (109). An upper valve core rod (5) is provided above the valve core body (3), and a centering hole (21) is provided in the middle of the valve seat (2). The upper valve core rod (5) moves through the centering hole (21), and a flow groove (22) is provided around the centering hole (21) of the valve seat (2). The outer wall of the slide cylinder (8) is provided with a positioning protrusion (81) that is adapted to the lower center cylinder (4), and the positioning protrusion (81) is provided with an assembly square groove (82) for the guide push rod (11); The guide push rod (11) includes a limiting part (112) and a guide part (113). The limiting part (112) is located in the assembly square groove (82). A second compression spring (114) is provided between the limiting part (112) and the inner wall of the lower centering cylinder (4). The V-shaped groove (111) is opened at the front end of the guide part (113). One side of the guide part (113) is a plane.

2. The multi-position normally open and normally closed anti-blowout valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The valve seat (2) is fixedly connected to the outer shell (1) by threads, and O-rings are provided between the upper and lower ends of the valve seat (2) and the outer shell (1).

3. The multi-position normally open and normally closed anti-blowout valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the lower valve core rod (6) is a guide post (61), and the guide groove (10) is set on the guide post (61). The diameter of the guide post (61) is larger than the diameter of the upper end of the lower valve core rod (6).

4. The multi-position normally open and normally closed anti-blowout valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower surface of the valve core (3) and the upper surface of the lower centering cylinder (4) are provided with spring grooves, and the upper and lower ends of the first compression spring (9) are respectively placed in the spring grooves on the lower surface of the valve core (3) and the upper surface of the lower centering cylinder (4).

5. The multi-position normally open and normally closed anti-blowout valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sealing plug (12) is provided between the upper end of the slide cylinder (8) and the lower valve core rod (6). The lower end of the slide cylinder (8) is threadedly fixed to the lower center cylinder (4) through a threaded plug (13). An O-ring is provided between the threaded plug (13) and the lower center cylinder (4). Both the upper and lower ends of the lower center cylinder (4) are provided with flow grooves (41). The side wall of the lower center cylinder (4) is provided with a flow-increasing groove (42).

Images