Method and device for identifying electromagnetic radiation interference based on array antenna

Abstract

The application relates to an electromagnetic radiation interference identification method and device based on an array antenna, which comprises a first auxiliary interference source positioning information transmission array antenna group on the ground and a second auxiliary interference source positioning information transmission array antenna group on an unmanned aerial vehicle. The beam width and the beam pointing direction of the first auxiliary interference source positioning information transmission array antenna group are adjusted, the array antenna of the second auxiliary interference source positioning information transmission array antenna group is one-to-one corresponding, various types of electromagnetic radiation interference are avoided, the antenna radiation direction, the antenna gain and the antenna beam width can be changed, the beam control method is flexible, the number of antenna units is small, the beam scanning angle is large, electronic interference can be avoided, communication safety is improved, and the method is widely applied in the fields of satellite communication, modern mobile communication, radar and the like.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of electromagnetic interference signal detection, and in particular to an electromagnetic radiation interference identification method and device based on an array antenna. BACKGROUND

[0002] Modern communication equipment, radar equipment and the like have increasing radiation power, and the frequency spectrum range is gradually expanding. The electromagnetic environment faced by electronic systems is becoming increasingly complex, which is prone to induce various types of electromagnetic radiation interference. Typical communication and radar systems have high radiation power, wide electromagnetic spectrum coverage frequency and different transmitting signal systems, including continuous wave signals and pulse wave signals. Signals of different frequencies and working systems, together with the reflection and refraction of metal structures, form a complex radiated electromagnetic environment, which is prone to electromagnetic interference problems.

[0003] When the antenna transmits information, signals of different frequencies and working systems, together with the reflection and refraction of metal structures, form a complex radiated electromagnetic environment, which is prone to electromagnetic interference problems. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of this, the present application provides an electromagnetic radiation interference identification method and device based on an array antenna.

[0005] According to an aspect of the present application, an electromagnetic radiation interference identification method based on an array antenna is provided, comprising the following steps: obtaining the position of an unmanned aerial vehicle platform in the air through a first auxiliary interference source positioning information transmission array antenna group on the ground, and judging the position angle and distance information of a second auxiliary interference source positioning information transmission array antenna group on the unmanned aerial vehicle;

[0006] The first auxiliary interference source positioning information transmission array antenna group adjusts the transmission signal, which corresponds to the second auxiliary interference source positioning information transmission array antenna group one by one.

[0007] The first auxiliary interference source positioning information transmission array antenna group receives the interference source position estimation result of the second auxiliary interference source positioning information transmission array antenna group.

[0008] The first auxiliary interference source positioning information transmission array antenna group fuses the interference source position estimation result to give a final interference source position estimation result.

[0009] As an optional embodiment of the present application, optionally, the first auxiliary interference source positioning information transmission array antenna group adjusts the transmission signal, comprising:

[0010] adjusting the beam width and the beam pointing direction of the first auxiliary interference source positioning information transmission array antenna group;

[0011] adjusting the beam radiation pattern of the first auxiliary interference source positioning information transmission array antenna group.

[0012] As an optional embodiment of the present application, adjusting the beam width and the beam pointing direction of the first auxiliary interference source positioning information transmission array antenna group comprises:

[0013] controlling whether the receiving elements of the first auxiliary interference source positioning information transmission array antenna group are connected to the circuit by adjusting the on-off of the switch diode;

[0014] changing the relative spacing distance and the structural arrangement between any receiving elements according to the connection state of the receiving elements.

[0015] As an optional embodiment of the present application, adjusting the beam radiation pattern of the first auxiliary interference source positioning information transmission array antenna group comprises:

[0016] reconfiguring the feeding network of the first auxiliary interference source positioning information transmission array antenna group;

[0017] changing the dynamic variation of the radiation pattern of the first auxiliary interference source positioning information transmission array antenna group according to the reconfigured feeding network.

[0018] In a second aspect, the present application provides a device for implementing the array antenna-based electromagnetic radiation interference identification method described above, comprising: an array antenna structure and a reconfigurable feeding network structure of the first auxiliary interference source positioning information transmission array antenna group.

[0019] The array antenna structure and the reconfigurable feeding network structure are electrically connected, and the array antenna adjusts the beam width and the beam pointing direction of the first auxiliary interference source positioning information transmission array antenna group, and the reconfigurable feeding network structure adjusts the beam radiation pattern of the first auxiliary interference source positioning information transmission array antenna group.

[0020] As an optional embodiment of the present application, the array antenna comprises: a mounting plate, receiving elements and switch diodes.

[0021] The receiving elements are a plurality of receiving elements, which are fixedly arranged on the mounting plate, and the plurality of receiving elements are arranged in a ring structure.

[0022] The switch diodes are a plurality of switch diodes, and the number of the switch diodes corresponds to the number of the receiving array elements; each of the switch diodes and each of the receiving array elements are connected to form a signal transmission line, and the opening or closing of the receiving array elements is controlled to adjust the beam width of the array antenna.

[0023] As an optional embodiment of the present application, the signal transmission lines are connected in parallel.

[0024] The receiving array elements are arranged in multiple rows and multiple columns.

[0025] As an optional embodiment of the present application, the reconfigurable feeding network structure comprises a first phase shifter C1, a second phase shifter C2, a third phase shifter C3, a fourth phase shifter C4 and a fifth phase shifter C5.

[0026] The first phase shifter C1, the second phase shifter C2 and the fourth phase shifter C4 each comprise two switches, two quarter working wavelength microstrip lines LM1 and LM3, one eighth working wavelength microstrip line LN and one eighth and three working wavelength microstrip line LM2, the microstrip line LN, the microstrip line LM1, the microstrip line LM2 and the microstrip line LM3 are connected in a ring shape, the connection point A of the microstrip line LN and the microstrip line LM1 is an input end, the connection point B of the microstrip line LN and the microstrip line LM3 is an output end, the connection point C of the microstrip line LM1 and the microstrip line LM2 is grounded through a switch S1, and the connection point D of the microstrip line LM2 and the microstrip line LM3 is grounded through a switch S2.

[0027] The third phase shifter C3 and the fifth phase shifter C5 each comprise four switches, and four quarter working wavelength microstrip lines LN1, LM4, LM5 and LM6, the microstrip line LN1, the microstrip line LM4, the microstrip line LM5 and the microstrip line LM6 are connected in a ring shape, the connection A of the microstrip line LN1 and the microstrip line LM4 is an input end, the connection point B of the microstrip line LN1 and the microstrip line LM5 is an output end, the connection point C of the microstrip line LM4 and the microstrip line LM5 is respectively grounded through a switch S3 and a switch S4, and the connection point D of the microstrip line LM4 and the microstrip line LM5 is respectively grounded through a switch S5 and a switch S6.

[0028] The reconfigurable feed network structure further comprises an input port, four output ports, a first phase shifter and two second phase shifters, and the input port is connected with the second phase shifter C2 input end and the first phase converter C1 input end through the first phase shifter; the first phase shifter is connected with the second phase converter, and an output signal P1 is output; the first phase shifter, the second phase shifter and the third phase converter C3 are connected, and an output signal P2 is output; the first phase converter C1 is connected with the fourth phase converter C4, and an output signal P3 is output; the first phase converter C1, the second phase shifter and the fifth phase converter C5 are connected, and an output P4 signal is output.

[0029] As an optional embodiment of the application, the first phase shifter is a 90-degree phase shifter.

[0030] The second phase shifter is a 45-degree phase shifter.

[0031] As an optional embodiment of the application, the impedance Z1 provided on the microstrip line LN and the microstrip line LN1 is 50 ohms.

[0032] The impedance Z2 provided on the microstrip line LM1, the microstrip line LM2, the microstrip line LM3, the microstrip line LM4, the microstrip line LM5 and the microstrip line LM6 is 25 ohms.

[0033] The electromagnetic radiation interference identification method and device based on the array antenna have the following beneficial effects: by adjusting the beam width, the beam width and the beam radiation pattern of the first interference source positioning information transmission array antenna group, the first interference source positioning information transmission array antenna group on the ground adjusts the transmission signal, maintains one-to-one correspondence with the second interference source positioning information transmission array antenna group on the unmanned aerial vehicle, avoids electronic interference, and improves communication safety.

[0034] Other features and aspects of the application will become apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0035] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments, features, and aspects of the application and serve to explain the principles of the application.

[0036] Figure 1 A method flowchart of a portable electromagnetic radiation interference signal detection and identification device according to an embodiment of the application is shown;

[0037] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the main body structure of a portable electromagnetic radiation interference signal detection and identification device according to an embodiment of the application is shown;

[0038] Figure 3 A subarray structure diagram of an array antenna of a portable electromagnetic radiation interference signal detection and identification device according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0039] Figure 4 A reconfigurable antenna array feed network schematic diagram of a portable electromagnetic radiation interference signal detection and identification device according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0040] Figure 5 A 180° reconfigurable phase shifter circuit principle model of a portable electromagnetic radiation interference signal detection and identification device according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0041] Figure 6 A 90° reconfigurable phase shifter circuit principle model of a portable electromagnetic radiation interference signal detection and identification device according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0042] Figure 7 A 180° simulation structure diagram of a portable electromagnetic radiation interference signal detection and identification device according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0043] Figure 8 A 90° simulation structure diagram of a portable electromagnetic radiation interference signal detection and identification device according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0044] Figure 9 An equivalent circuit model of a PIN diode of a reconfigurable feed network structure according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0045] Figure 10 An equivalent diagram of a phase shifter of a reconfigurable feed network structure according to an embodiment of the present application (a) forward conduction state; (b) reverse cut-off state is shown;

[0046] Figure 11 A root MUSIC algorithm implementation step diagram of a method of a portable electromagnetic radiation interference signal detection and identification device according to an embodiment of the present application is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] Various exemplary embodiments, features, and aspects of the present application will be explained in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Like reference numerals in the drawings denote like or similar elements. Although various aspects of the embodiments are illustrated in the drawings, the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale unless specifically indicated.

[0048] It should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application or simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0049] In addition, the terms "first", "second" are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0050] The word "exemplary" in this context means "serving as an example, instance, or illustration." Any embodiment described as "exemplary" in this context is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments.

[0051] In addition, in order to better illustrate the present application, a large number of specific details are given in the specific embodiments below. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present application can also be implemented without certain specific details. In some examples, methods, means, elements and circuits that are well known to those skilled in the art are not described in detail, in order to highlight the main ideas of the present application.

[0052] Embodiment 1

[0053] Figure 1 A method flow chart of a portable electromagnetic radiation interference signal detection and identification device according to an embodiment of the present application is shown. As shown in Figure 1 The electromagnetic radiation interference identification method based on an array antenna according to an embodiment of the present application includes:

[0054] S100, obtaining the position of the unmanned aerial platform in the air through the first auxiliary interference source positioning information transmission array antenna group on the ground, and judging the position angle and distance information of the second auxiliary interference source positioning information transmission array antenna group on the unmanned aerial vehicle.

[0055] S200, the first auxiliary interference source positioning information transmission array antenna group adjusts the transmission signal, and corresponds to the second auxiliary interference source positioning information transmission array antenna group one by one.

[0056] S300, the first auxiliary interference source positioning information transmission array antenna group receives the interference source position estimation result of the second auxiliary interference source positioning information transmission array antenna group.

[0057] S400, the first auxiliary interference source positioning information transmission array antenna group fuses the interference source position estimation result, and gives the final interference source position estimation result.

[0058] It should be noted that the unmanned aerial vehicle is also provided with an interference source direction finding array antenna group 100, which has four array antenna structures 221, respectively located on the top side of the four unmanned aerial vehicle platforms, for receiving interference source signals and judging the direction of the interference source.

[0059] In this specific embodiment, Figure 2 The main structure of the portable electromagnetic radiation interference signal detection and identification equipment is shown in the schematic diagram of the embodiment of the application, which is shown in Figure 2 The four interference source direction finding array antenna groups 100 on the unmanned aerial vehicle are used for interference side, to obtain interference source information, and then transmitted to the first interference source positioning information transmission array antenna group 220 on the ground through the second interference source positioning information transmission array antenna group 210 on the unmanned aerial vehicle, to realize the transmission of the interference source information. The first interference source positioning information transmission array antenna group 220 and the second interference source positioning information transmission array antenna group 210 each include four array antenna structures 221, and the array antenna structures 221 of the first interference source positioning information transmission array antenna group 220 are adjusted to correspond to the array antenna structures 221 of the second interference source positioning information transmission array antenna group 210, so that the interference source information will not be disturbed by electromagnetic waves in the transmission of the two interference source positioning information transmission array antenna groups, forming a high-gain information transmission link and improving the stability of the interference source information transmission.

[0060] As an optional embodiment of the application, the transmission signal adjusted by the first auxiliary interference source positioning information transmission array antenna group includes: beam width, beam width and beam radiation pattern.

[0061] In this embodiment, the array antenna structure 221 of the second sub-interference source positioning information transmission array antenna group 210 is the same as the array antenna structure 221 of the first sub-interference source positioning information transmission array antenna group 220, and both include four sub-array antenna structures 221. When the first sub-interference source positioning information transmission array antenna group 220 located on the ground judges the position angle and distance information of the second sub-interference source positioning information transmission array antenna group on the UAV, the beam width, beam pointing and beam radiation pattern of the first sub-interference source positioning information transmission array antenna group 220 and the second sub-interference source positioning information transmission array antenna group 210 are adjusted at the same time, so that the array antenna structure 221 of the first sub-interference source positioning information transmission array antenna group 220 and the array antenna structure 221 of the second sub-interference source positioning information transmission array antenna group 210 complete one-to-one transmission of signals, and the first sub-interference source positioning information transmission array antenna group 220 located on the ground can be adjusted in real time, and the array antenna on the bottom side of the UAV platform points to the four array antennas on the top of the receiving control platform on the ground.

[0062] As an optional embodiment of the present application, optionally, adjusting the beam width and beam pointing of the first sub-interference source positioning information transmission array antenna group includes: controlling whether the receiving elements 2212 of the first sub-interference source positioning information transmission array antenna group are connected to the circuit by adjusting the on-off of the switch diode, and changing the relative spacing distance and structural arrangement between any receiving elements 2212 according to the connection of the circuits of the plurality of receiving elements 2212.

[0063] In this embodiment, one array antenna structure 221 includes a plurality of signal transmission lines composed of a plurality of receiving elements 2212 and a plurality of switch diodes, and the plurality of signal transmission lines are connected in parallel. By adjusting the on-off of the plurality of switch diodes, whether the plurality of transmission lines are connected to the circuit is controlled, so as to adjust the array beam width in real time and flexibly and accurately control the array focusing direction.

[0064] Specifically, the plurality of receiving elements 2212 are arranged in a regular array. The number of receiving elements 2212 spaced between any row or column of two receiving elements 2212 is the width between the two receiving elements 2212. By controlling the opening or closing of the switch diode, part of the receiving elements 2212 can be controlled to be in the off state, and part of the receiving elements 2212 can be controlled to be in the on state, so as to control the beam width of the array antenna structure 221. The beam pointing will change with the corresponding change of the two sub-interference source positioning information transmission array antenna groups.

[0065] As an optional embodiment of the present application, optionally, the beam radiation pattern of the first auxiliary interference source positioning information transmission array antenna group is adjusted, including: reconstructing the feed network of the first auxiliary interference source positioning information transmission array antenna group, and changing the dynamic change of the radiation pattern of the first auxiliary interference source positioning information transmission array antenna group according to the reconstructed feed network.

[0066] In this specific embodiment, the phase shifter is electrically connected to the array antenna structure 221, three 180° phase reconstructors and two 90° phase reconstructors are used, and it is foreseeable that 16 PIN diodes will be used on the entire feed network. From the description of the designed feed network structure, the entire system is a single-port input and four-port output network with independent ports. By appropriately controlling the state of the PIN diodes in each phase shifter, the first auxiliary interference source positioning information transmission array antenna group can realize beam switching in three working states of +30°, 0° and -30°, so that the radiation pattern of the array antenna structure 221 needs to be switched according to the dynamic change of the working scene.

[0067] As an optional embodiment of the present application, optionally, the interference source positioning of the present application is mainly based on the root MUSIC algorithm, referring to Figure 11 , S410, obtaining a covariance matrix by receiving a signal at a receiving end, S420, performing eigenvalue decomposition on the covariance matrix to obtain a noise subspace UN and a signal subspace US, S430, defining a polynomial , then performing root operation on the polynomial to find M roots on the unit circle, S440, obtaining the DOA, angle of the detected interference source target.

[0068] Specifically, the polynomial of the root MUSIC algorithm is as follows:

[0069]

[0070] In the above formula, is a matrix composed of eigenvectors corresponding to smaller eigenvalues, where

[0071]

[0072] From the above polynomial, it can be known that in the vector , satisfies , that is is the steering vector, so the polynomial can be transformed as:

[0073]

[0074] Secondly, the root operation is performed to find the corresponding root on the unit circle, that is, the target direction of the detection target can be obtained, but the conjugate complex exists in the above formula, so the calculation is relatively complex, therefore the above formula can be transformed:

[0075]

[0076] Finally, according to the MUSIC algorithm spectrum function formula of the radar antenna, the root MUSIC algorithm polynomial under the radar array antenna can be derived, and the root operation is performed, that is, the DOA angle estimation value of the detection interference source target can be obtained.

[0077] Embodiment 2

[0078] An apparatus based on an electromagnetic radiation interference recognition method of an array antenna, comprising: a first secondary interference source positioning information transmission array antenna structure 221 and a reconfigurable feed network structure. The array antenna structure 221 adjusts the beam width and beam pointing of the first secondary interference source positioning information transmission array antenna group, and the reconfigurable feed network structure is electrically connected with the array antenna structure 221, adjusts the beam radiation pattern of the first secondary interference source positioning information transmission array antenna group, so that the first secondary interference source positioning information transmission array antenna group and the second secondary interference source positioning information transmission array antenna group 210 are one-to-one corresponding, and the anti-interference ability is improved.

[0079] As an optional embodiment of the present application, optionally, Figure 3 The array antenna subarray structure diagram of the portable electromagnetic radiation interference signal detection and recognition equipment according to the embodiment of the present application is shown, which participates in Figure 3 The array antenna structure 221 comprises: a mounting plate 2211, a receiving array element 2212 and a switch diode. The receiving array element 2212 is a plurality of receiving array elements arranged in a ring structure on the surface of the mounting plate 2211, and the switch diode is a plurality of switch diodes, the number of the switch diodes corresponding to the number of the receiving array elements 2212, each switch diode being connected with each receiving array element 2212 to control the opening or closing of the receiving array element 2212 and adjust the beam pointing and beam width of the array structure.

[0080] In this embodiment, the receiving elements receiving signals are arranged in a ring structure on the surface of the mounting plate 2211, and have a regular shape. The signal transmission line composed of the receiving element 2212 and the switch diode is connected to the circuit, and the on-off of the switch diode is adjusted to control whether the receiving element 2212 is connected to the circuit. In addition, the plurality of signal transmission lines composed of the plurality of receiving elements 2212 and the plurality of switch diodes are connected in parallel, and the on-off of the plurality of switch diodes is adjusted to control whether the plurality of signal transmission lines are connected to the circuit, so as to adjust the array beam width in real time and flexibly and accurately control the array focusing direction.

[0081] In this embodiment, the signal transmission line is composed of one receiving element 2212 and one switch diode connected in series, and the plurality of signal transmission lines are connected in parallel to the circuit, and the plurality of signal transmission lines do not affect each other directly.

[0082] In this embodiment, the number of receiving elements 2212 is 82, which form a ring-shaped array structure.

[0083] In this embodiment, the 82 receiving elements 2212 are arranged in rows and columns, and the distance between the two adjacent receiving elements 2212 in the up-down and left-right directions is equal. In this way, the on-off of the switch diode is controlled to control whether the receiving element 2212 is connected to the circuit, and then the beam pointing and beam width of the array antenna are adjusted.

[0084] Among them, the beam pointing of the array antenna is adjusted by controlling the working of different parts of the receiving elements 2212, and the beam width of the array antenna is adjusted by controlling the number of elements between any two receiving elements 2212.

[0085] In this embodiment, the array structure of the antenna is a hollow rhombus.

[0086] In this embodiment, the symmetrical array structure includes a total of 9 rows. Specifically, the first row of array structure is provided with 3 receiving elements 2212, the second row of array structure is provided with 7 receiving elements 2212, the third row of array structure is provided with 11 receiving elements 2212, the fourth row of array structure is provided with 12 receiving elements 2212, the fifth row of array structure is provided with 16 receiving elements 2212, the sixth row of array structure is provided with 12 receiving elements 2212, the seventh row of array structure is provided with 11 receiving elements 2212, the eighth row of array structure is provided with 7 receiving elements 2212, and the ninth row of array structure is provided with 3 receiving elements 2212. In this way, the array antenna structure 221 includes 82 receiving elements, and the installation position of each receiving element 2212 is fixed.

[0087] In this specific embodiment, the central part of the annular array is hollow and square. Specifically, the outer edge of the array structure is rhomboid, and the inner edge is square.

[0088] The area occupied by the square inner ring is an array shape consisting of 3*3 receiving array elements 2212.

[0089] In this specific embodiment, the receiving array element 2212 is square and has a regular structure. Furthermore, in the installation of the mounting plate 2211, the receiving array element 2212, and the switching diode, the switching diode is positioned between the mounting plate 2211 and the receiving array element 2212.

[0090] As an alternative implementation of this application, optionally, Figure 4 This paper shows a schematic diagram of the reconfigurable antenna array feed network of a portable electromagnetic radiation interference signal detection and identification device according to an embodiment of this application. (See attached diagram.) Figure 4 The reconfigurable feed network structure includes one input port 310 and four output ports 320. A power divider is loaded into the feed network structure to split one power input signal into multiple output signals according to a corresponding ratio. The power divider is connected to a reconfigurable phase converter, which integrates the single input port 310 and the four output ports 320 while ensuring the switching between different operating states of the antenna. In this way, the reconfigurable feed network structure is connected to the receiving element 2212 of the array antenna to control the beam radiation pattern of the array antenna and improve the overall anti-interference capability.

[0091] For details, please refer to Figure 4 It also includes one first phase shifter 316 and two second phase shifters 317, as well as a first phase converter 311, a second phase converter 312, a third phase converter 313, a fourth phase converter 314 and a fifth phase converter 315. The output port 320 of the power supply network is connected to the input terminal of the second phase shifter 317 and the input terminal of the first phase converter 311 through the first phase shifter 316. The first phase shifter 316 is connected to the output terminal of the second phase converter 312 and outputs signal P1. The first phase shifter 316, the second phase shifter 317 and the third phase converter 313 are connected and output signal P2. The first phase converter 311 is connected to the fourth phase converter 314 and outputs signal P3. The first phase converter 311, the second phase shifter 317 and the fifth phase converter 315 are connected and output signal P4.

[0092] In this specific embodiment, Figure 6 This invention illustrates a schematic model of a 90° reconfigurable phase converter circuit for a portable electromagnetic interference signal detection and identification device according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 8 This diagram shows a 90° simulation structure of a portable electromagnetic radiation interference signal detection and identification device according to an embodiment of this application. (See attached diagram.) Figure 6and Figure 8 The first phase converter 311, the second phase converter 312 and the fourth phase converter 314 each include two switches, and include two quarter working wavelength microstrip lines LM1 and LM3, one eighth working wavelength microstrip line LN and one eighth working length microstrip line LM2, the microstrip line LN, the microstrip line LM1, the microstrip line LM2 and the microstrip line LM3 are connected in a ring, and the connection point A of the microstrip line LN and the microstrip line LM1 is an input end, the connection point B of the microstrip line LN and the microstrip line LM3 is an output end, the connection point C of the microstrip line LM1 and the microstrip line LM2 is grounded through the switch S1, and the connection point D of the microstrip line LM2 and the microstrip line LM3 is grounded through the switch S2.

[0093] The impedance Z1 provided on the microstrip line LN is 50 ohms, and the impedance Z2 provided on the microstrip line LM1, the microstrip line LM2 and the microstrip line LM3 is 25 ohms, so that the first phase converter 311, the second phase converter 312 and the fourth phase converter 314 follow the design principle that the overall equivalent impedance is constant when the phase conversion is variable.

[0094] When the switch S1 and the switch S2 are in the off state, the impedance of the first phase converter 311, the second phase converter 312 and the fourth phase converter 314 is constant.

[0095] In this specific embodiment, Figure 5 The 180° reconfigurable phase converter circuit principle model of the portable electromagnetic radiation interference signal detection and identification equipment according to the embodiment of the present application is shown, Figure 7 The 180° simulation structure diagram of the portable electromagnetic radiation interference signal detection and identification equipment according to the embodiment of the present application is shown, and Figure 5 and Figure 7 The third phase converter 313 and the fifth phase converter 315 each include four switches, and include four quarter working length microstrip lines LN1, LM4, LM5 and LM6, the microstrip line LN1, the microstrip line LM4, the microstrip line LM5 and the microstrip line LM6 are connected in a ring, and follow the design principle that the overall equivalent impedance is constant when the phase conversion is variable, and the connection A of the microstrip line LN1 and the microstrip line LM4 is an input end, the connection point B of the microstrip line LN1 and the microstrip line LM5 is an output end, the connection point C of the microstrip line LM4 and the microstrip line LM5 is respectively grounded through the switch S3 and grounded through the switch S4, and the connection point D of the microstrip line LM4 and the microstrip line LM5 is respectively grounded through the switch S5 and grounded through the switch S6.

[0096] In this specific embodiment, the first phase converter 311, the second phase converter 312, the third phase converter 313, the fourth phase converter 314 and the fifth phase converter 315 are PIN diodes.

[0097] wherein, wherein the PIN diode access point is connected with the microstrip line LN by the microstrip line LM1, LM3 with the electrical length of Lm1, Lm3. The PIN diode access point is connected with the microstrip line LN by the microstrip line LM1, LM3 with the electrical length of Lm1, Lm3, when all the PIN diodes are forward-biased, the points C, D are connected with the ground, and the impedance value is zero. At this time, the connected microstrip lines LM1, LM3 can act as a quarter-wavelength impedance transformer, and the input impedance of the microstrip line LM and the microstrip line LN at the connection points A, B is infinite. Referring to Figure 10 (a) in (a), in this state, the microstrip lines LN and LM can be equivalent to only the microstrip line LN. The entire converter can be equivalent to a microstrip line Lcon, and the equivalent characteristic impedance and phase can be represented as follows:

[0098]

[0099] wherein, when all the PIN diodes are reverse-biased, the points C, D are disconnected with the ground in the ideal state, that is, the impedance is infinite. The phase converter circuit is equivalent to a parallel circuit of the two microstrip line branches LM and LN in the reverse-biased state of the PIN diodes. In order to verify the phase reconfigurable conversion theory, the characteristic impedance of the circuit at this time is equivalent to Zcoff, and the electrical length is equivalent to Lcoff. Referring to Figure 10 (b), the two-port network Y parameter matrix and the transmission matrix are used to represent the impedance and phase characteristics of the microstrip lines LM and LN in parallel. According to the phase reconfiguration theory, two phase converters with resonant frequencies of 2.45 GHz and 180° and 90° are respectively designed. The converter selects the Rogers4350 dielectric substrate with a thickness H=20 mil. The appropriate impedance and phase values of the branches are determined by calculation, and the HFSS software is used for simulation optimization, and finally the optimal size of the phase converter is obtained. Table 1 is the specific size parameters of the two phase converters.

[0100]

[0101] Table 1 Specific size parameters of 180° and 90° phase converters

[0102] Since the PIN diode is used to realize state switching by self-loading bias, the related DC bias circuit needs to be designed in the circuit structure. At the same time, in order to ensure the realization of the best performance of the antenna, the parameter value of the selected PIN diode is determined first. Here, the PIN diode of the SMP-1340-079LF type is selected, and the equivalent circuit parameters can be measured and obtained by the TRL calibration method. In the simulation model, a microstrip patch with a length of 1 mm and a width of 0.8 mm can be usually selected to equivalent the PIN diode. Therefore, the RLC boundary conditions of the PIN diode of this type can be set as follows: when the switch is in the on state, it is a parallel circuit of a resistance R of 208.47 and an inductance L of 0.78 nH; and when the switch is in the off state, it is a parallel circuit of a resistance R of 28299.18 and a capacitance C of 0.25 pF. That is, the parameter equivalent circuit of the PIN diode of the SMP-1340-079LF type is as shown in Figure 9 .

[0103] In this way, the impedance Z1 provided on the microstrip line LN1 is 50 ohms, and the impedance Z2 provided on the microstrip lines LM4, LM5 and LM6 is 25 ohms, so that the first phase shifter 311, the second phase shifter 312 and the fourth phase shifter 314 follow the design principle that the overall equivalent impedance does not change when the phase shift is variable.

[0104] Specifically, the electrical lengths of the transmission lines LN2, LM4, LM5 and LM6 in the equivalent circuit of the 180° phase shifter are all set to one-quarter of the working wavelength, and the values of the microstrip impedances Z1 and Z2 are 50 ohms and 25 ohms respectively, which conforms to the reconstruction mechanism that the overall equivalent impedance does not change when the phase shift is variable.

[0105]

[0106] and

[0107]

[0108] .

[0109] Specifically, for the 90° phase shifter, in order to reduce the physical size of the shifter and thus compact the antenna structure in the later stage, part of the transmission line of the phase shifter is folded. The transmission lines LM1 and LM2 in the equivalent circuit still maintain the electrical length of one-quarter of the working wavelength, and the values of the microstrip impedances Z1 and Z2 also remain 50 ohms and 25 ohms respectively, but the electrical lengths of the transmission lines LN and LM2 are adjusted to one-eighth of the working wavelength and three-eighths of the working wavelength respectively. The design principle that the overall equivalent impedance does not change when the phase shift is variable is also followed.

[0110] Meanwhile, the 1*4 microstrip antenna array needs four input signals, so the feeding network needs to load a power divider in the structure to achieve the input signal being divided into multiple output signals according to the corresponding proportion. The feeding network is connected with the Wilkinson power divider and the reconfigurable phase shifter, which realizes the integration of the single input port 310 and the four output ports 320 and ensures the mutual switching of the working states of the antenna.

[0111] In this embodiment, according to the equivalent principle, the impedances of the first phase shifter 311, the second phase shifter 312 and the fourth phase shifter 314 are unchanged when the switch S1 and the switch S2 are in the on state, and the impedances of the first phase shifter 311, the second phase shifter 312 and the fourth phase shifter 314 are unchanged when the switch S1 and the switch S2 are in the off state. The impedances of the third phase shifter 313 and the fifth phase shifter 315 are unchanged when the switch S3, the switch S4, the switch S5 and the switch S6 are in the on state, and the impedances of the third phase shifter 313 and the fifth phase shifter 315 are unchanged when the switch S3, the switch S4, the switch S5 and the switch S6 are in the off state.

[0112] In this embodiment, the first phase shifter 316 is a 90-degree phase shifter, which offsets the phase angle of the input signal by substantially 90 degrees. The second phase shifter 317 is a 45-degree phase shifter, one of the second phase shifters 317 offsets the signal output by the first phase shifter 316 by substantially 45 degrees, and the other second phase shifter 317 offsets the signal output by the first phase shifter 311 by substantially 45 degrees.

[0113] In this embodiment, the input port 310, the first phase shifter 311, the fourth phase shifter 314 are connected and the output port 320 is connected, and the output signal P3. The first phase shifter 311 and the fourth phase shifter 314 can be switched between +90 degrees and -90 degrees, so that the phase value of the output signal can be changed by 180 degrees.

[0114] Among them, the reconfigurable feeding network structure provides four different signal outputs: +P1+P2+P3+P4, +P1+P2+P3-P4, +P1+P2-3P+P4, +P1+P2-P3-P4. In this way, when the phase shifter is in the on or off state, the phase shifter can realize phase conversion.

[0115] In this embodiment, by appropriately controlling the state of the PIN diode in each phase shifter, the antenna can realize beam switching in three working states of +30°, 0° and -30°. The detailed description of the state of the PIN diode is shown in Table 2:

[0116]

[0117] Table 2 Working states of the three-beam pointing diagram reconfigurable antenna

[0118] In this embodiment, when the reconfigurable feed network is in state 1 (+30°), according to the equivalent principle, the reverse-biased 180° phase shifter (C1, C2, C4) and the 90° phase shifter can be equivalent to -90° and -45° transmission lines, respectively, and the forward-biased phase shifter C5 is equivalent to a 45° transmission line.

[0119] In this embodiment, when the reconfigurable feed network is in state 2 (0°), by analogy, the reverse-biased 180° phase shifter C1 and the 90° phase shifter (C3, C5) can be equivalent to -90° and -45° transmission lines, respectively, and the forward-biased phase shifters C2 and C4 can be regarded as 45° transmission lines.

[0120] In this embodiment, when the working state of the reconfigurable feed network is switched to state 3 (-30°), according to the phase shift theory, the forward-biased 180° phase shifter C1 and the 90° phase shifter (C3, C5) are equivalent to 90° transmission lines and 45° transmission lines, and the reverse-biased phase shifters C2 and C4 are equivalent to -90° transmission lines.

[0121] The embodiments of the present application have been described above, the above description is exemplary, not exhaustive, and is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and changes are obvious to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The selection of the terms used herein is intended to best explain the principles, practical applications, or improvements to the technology in the market of the embodiments, or to enable other ordinary skilled persons in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An electromagnetic radiation interference identification method based on an array antenna, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: obtaining the position of the unmanned aerial vehicle platform in the air through the first interference source positioning information transmission array antenna group on the ground, and judging the position angle and distance information of the second interference source positioning information transmission array antenna group on the unmanned aerial vehicle; the first interference source positioning information transmission array antenna group adjusts the transmission signal, which corresponds to the second interference source positioning information transmission array antenna group; the first interference source positioning information transmission array antenna group receives the interference source position estimation result of the second interference source positioning information transmission array antenna group; the first interference source positioning information transmission array antenna group fuses the interference source position estimation result to give the final interference source position estimation result; the first interference source positioning information transmission array antenna group adjusts the transmission signal, which comprises: adjusting the beam width and beam pointing direction of the first interference source positioning information transmission array antenna group; adjusting the beam radiation pattern of the first interference source positioning information transmission array antenna group; adjusting the beam width and beam pointing direction of the first interference source positioning information transmission array antenna group, which comprises: controlling whether the receiving elements of the first interference source positioning information transmission array antenna group are connected to the circuit by adjusting the on-off of the switch diode; changing the relative spacing distance and structural arrangement between any receiving elements according to the connection of the receiving elements, adjusting the beam radiation pattern of the first interference source positioning information transmission array antenna group, which comprises: reconstructing the feed network of the first interference source positioning information transmission array antenna group; changing the dynamic change of the radiation pattern of the first interference source positioning information transmission array antenna group according to the reconstructed feed network.

2. An apparatus for interference identification, for implementing the array antenna based electromagnetic radiation interference identification method of claim 1, characterized in that, comprises: the array antenna structure and the reconfigurable feed network structure of the first interference source positioning information transmission array antenna group; the array antenna structure and the reconfigurable feed network structure are electrically connected, and the array antenna structure adjusts the beam width and beam pointing direction of the first interference source positioning information transmission array antenna group, and the reconfigurable feed network structure adjusts the beam radiation pattern of the first interference source positioning information transmission array antenna group.

3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein, The array antenna comprises: a mounting plate, a receiving element and a switch diode; The receiving elements are fixedly arranged on the mounting plate, and the receiving elements are arranged in a ring structure; The switch diode is connected with each receiving element to form a signal transmission line, controls the opening or closing of the receiving element, and adjusts the beam width of the array antenna.

4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein, The signal transmission lines are connected in parallel; The receiving elements are arranged in multiple rows and multiple columns.

5. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein, The reconfigurable feed network structure comprises: a first phase converter C1, a second phase converter C2, a third phase converter C3, a fourth phase converter C4 and a fifth phase converter C5; The first phase shifter C1, the second phase shifter C2 and the fourth phase shifter C4 each include two switches, and include two quarter working wavelength microstrip lines LM1 and LM3, one eighth working wavelength microstrip line LN and one eighth and three working length microstrip line LM2, the microstrip line LN, the microstrip line LM1, the microstrip line LM2 and the microstrip line LM3 are connected in a ring, and the connection point A of the microstrip line LN and the microstrip line LM1 is an input end, the connection point B of the microstrip line LN and the microstrip line LM3 is an output end, the connection point C of the microstrip line LM1 and the microstrip line LM2 is grounded through the switch S1, and the connection point D of the microstrip line LM2 and the microstrip line LM3 is grounded through the switch S2; The third phase shifter C3 and the fifth phase shifter C5 each include four switches, and include four quarter working length microstrip lines LN1, LM4, LM5 and LM6, the microstrip line LN1, the microstrip line LM4, the microstrip line LM5 and the microstrip line LM6 are connected in a ring, the connection point A of the microstrip line LN1 and the microstrip line LM4 is an input end, the connection point B of the microstrip line LN1 and the microstrip line LM6 is an output end, the connection point C of the microstrip line LM4 and the microstrip line LM5 is respectively grounded through the switch S3 and grounded through the switch S4, and the connection point D of the microstrip line LM6 and the microstrip line LM5 is respectively grounded through the switch S5 and grounded through the switch S6; The reconfigurable feed network structure further includes an input port, four output ports, a first phase shifter and two second phase shifters, and the input port is connected with the first phase shifter and the first phase shifter; the first phase shifter is connected with the second phase shifter, and outputs a signal P1, the first phase shifter is connected with the second phase shifter and then connected with the third phase shifter C3, and outputs a signal P2, the first phase shifter C1 is connected with the fourth phase shifter C4, and outputs a signal P3, and the first phase shifter C1 is connected with the second phase shifter and then connected with the fifth phase shifter C5, and outputs a signal P4.

6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein, The first phase shifter is a 90-degree phase shifter. The second phase shifter is a 45-degree phase shifter.

7. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein, The impedance Z1 provided on the microstrip line LN and the microstrip line LN1 is 50 ohms; The impedance Z2 provided on the microstrip line LM1, the microstrip line LM2, the microstrip line LM3, the microstrip line LM4, the microstrip line LM5 and the microstrip line LM6 is 25 ohms.

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