Method and device for dynamically optimizing access conflict elimination of time-frequency resources by using sensing algorithm

Abstract

The application relates to a time-frequency resource dynamic optimization access conflict elimination method and device integrating sensing, wherein a gateway side divides available communication frequency bands into a plurality of independent frequency bands in terms of frequency band width, and in each independent frequency band, a time slot is used to form an access request processing time window; meanwhile, independent frequency band numbers, time slot states in the corresponding independent frequency bands, time slot conflict management queues in the corresponding independent frequency bands and data sending management queues in the corresponding independent frequency bands are maintained, and the above messages are issued to nodes through a public frequency band to complete node access requests and data sending; and a node side starts an access application processing mechanism according to the types of nodes accessing the gateway. The application maximally reduces network access conflicts while ensuring the timeliness of receiving and sending wireless data, and provides stable wireless communication access for nodes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of IoT intelligent sensing access, and in particular to a method and apparatus for dynamic optimization of time and frequency resources and elimination of access conflicts that integrates sensing, computing and communication. Background Technology

[0002] The construction of smart cities requires the deployment of massive IoT sensing terminals to acquire urban vital sign parameters. Wireless devices offer advantages such as convenient and efficient installation, making them widely used for data transmission and communication of IoT sensing terminals. Common wireless communication methods include NB-IoT, ZigBee, and LoRa. NB-IoT is limited by network coverage deployment by network operators, and signal coverage blind spots are prone to occur in application scenarios such as tunnels and remote suburban roads and bridges, affecting the access performance of sensing devices. ZigBee and LoRa methods rely on gateways for data aggregation, and can support IoT sensing terminal access in specific application scenarios by deploying gateways on demand. While ZigBee offers more flexible networking options than LoRa, its communication range is shorter. Therefore, to maximize the coverage of a single deployed gateway, research on networking access technologies and device implementation based on LoRa has become an important direction for the digital construction of smart cities.

[0003] In a typical LoRa star network architecture, the existing network architecture can well meet application requirements in scenarios with infrequent access requests, such as nodes sending data once a day. However, as smart cities increase the real-time requirements of sensing indicators, especially the intelligent requirements for sensing events, new real-time on-demand access requests arise. This increases the probability of concurrent access requests from different nodes to the same gateway, easily leading to access conflicts and failures. Existing technical solutions often employ random backoff strategies, generating random waiting times when an access request needs to be initiated to avoid simultaneous access requests from multiple nodes and reduce the probability of access failure. In the traditional IoT sensing acquisition and transmission architecture, sensing nodes are mostly ordinary nodes, primarily operating on the digital representation of physical quantities using high-speed AD conversion modules. Data acquisition and processing at each node are mostly in the millisecond range, and the time deviation between different nodes caused by acquisition and processing has a relatively weak impact. Using random backoff strategies can, to some extent, meet the requirements for reducing concurrent conflict interference. However, as the scale of sensing nodes continues to increase, the conflict elimination effect of random backoff gradually diminishes.

[0004] Furthermore, in the integrated sensing and computing IoT sensing architecture, sensing nodes are often upgraded to intelligent nodes. This requires going beyond the basic data acquisition and quantification functions of ordinary nodes to support more localized intelligent computing, enabling the extraction of typical features of the acquired physical quantities and the generation of event-based information about the monitored objects, thus achieving intelligent sensing goals. In this application scenario, a single sensing node often needs to handle multiple acquisition tasks. Simultaneously, it needs to integrate the processing results of multiple tasks to make comprehensive decisions. This causes the processing time of a single node to fluctuate depending on the amount of tasks processed, increasing the difficulty of estimating processing time deviations between different nodes, thereby reducing the performance of random access request avoidance strategies and further increasing the probability of access failure. Therefore, there is an urgent need to further manage and optimize multi-node access conflicts under the integrated sensing and computing architecture. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method and apparatus for dynamic optimization of time and frequency resources and elimination of access conflicts that integrates communication, induction and computing, so that nodes can minimize network access conflicts while ensuring the timeliness of transmitting and receiving wireless data, and provide nodes with stable wireless communication access.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is: to provide a method for dynamic optimization and access conflict elimination of time and frequency resources integrating communication, induction and computing, including gateway-side optimization processing steps and node-side optimization processing steps;

[0007] The gateway-side optimization process includes:

[0008] The available communication frequency band is divided into several independent frequency bands based on the bandwidth. Each independent frequency band uses the center frequency of the independent frequency band as the carrier frequency to complete the modulation, demodulation and transmission of wireless signals within the independent frequency band.

[0009] Within each independent frequency band, an access request processing time window is composed of several dynamically variable time slots. The access request processing time window is used for each node to apply for access and for gateway time slot allocation processing. The status of the time slot is defined as idle, occupied, conflicted, and pre-allocated.

[0010] The system maintains independent frequency band numbers, corresponding time slot statuses within independent frequency bands, time slot conflict management queues within independent frequency bands, and data transmission management queues within independent frequency bands. It then distributes these information to nodes via a public frequency band to complete node access requests and data transmission. The time slot conflict management queue records nodes that failed to acquire access time slots within the corresponding independent frequency band, while the data transmission management queue records nodes that successfully acquired access time slots within the corresponding independent frequency band, as well as nodes that the gateway actively requests access.

[0011] The node-side optimization process includes:

[0012] Determine the type of gateway the node is connected to;

[0013] When the node accesses the gateway in a passive application manner, it applies for access to the gateway according to the pre-allocated time slot and waits for the pre-allocated time window to arrive before sending information.

[0014] When a node accesses a gateway in an active application manner, it will randomly select a time slot within the preset independent frequency band to apply for gateway access.

[0015] The time slot status is "idle" indicating that it can be directly accessed; "occupied" indicating that one node is using the time slot; "conflicted" indicating that more than one node has applied to access the time slot; and "pre-allocated" indicating that the time slot has been pre-allocated by the gateway to a designated node for access.

[0016] When processing the gateway time slot allocation, for control wake-up and parameter configuration messages, one time slot is pre-allocated; for collection task messages, the collection frequency field set in the collection task is further determined, and the number of time slots is pre-allocated according to the set collection frequency density.

[0017] The gateway-side optimization section also includes a dynamic time slot adjustment mechanism in each independent frequency band, wherein the dynamic time slot adjustment mechanism is specifically as follows:

[0018] Based on the time slot conflict management queue and the data transmission management queue, calculate the number of nodes with unresolved conflicts in the time slot conflict management queue (cqi) and the number of nodes that have successfully entered the data transmission management queue (sqi).

[0019] If the sum of the number of nodes with unresolved conflicts (cqi) and the number of nodes that have successfully entered the data transmission management queue (sqi) is less than or equal to Sin i Then wait for the node to reapply for access and process it;

[0020] If the sum of the number of nodes with unresolved conflicts (cqi) and the number of nodes that have successfully entered the data transmission management queue (sqi) is greater than Sin i And less than 2Sin i Then, compare the number of nodes with unresolved conflicts (cqi) with the number of nodes that have successfully entered the data transmission management queue (sqi); if the number of nodes with unresolved conflicts (cqi) is greater than the number of nodes that have successfully entered the data transmission management queue (sqi), then set the increase in the number of access request processing time slots within this independent frequency band to ΔSin. i =(cqi+sqi)-Sin iIf the number of nodes with unresolved conflicts, cqi, is less than or equal to the number of nodes, sqi, that have successfully entered the data sending management queue, then the node's access request and data sending will be processed normally.

[0021] If the sum of the number of nodes with unresolved conflicts, cqi, and the number of nodes that have successfully entered the data transmission management queue, sqi, is equal to or greater than 2Sin i Then, the increase in the number of access request processing time slots within this independent frequency band is set to ΔSin. i =Sin i At the same time, it broadcasts a message that the independent frequency band is in a state of severe congestion.

[0022] The specific steps of randomly selecting a time slot within the independent frequency band to apply for access to the gateway are as follows: listen to the messages broadcast by the gateway on the corresponding public frequency band, and analyze the number of nodes in the queue of contention to be resolved and the amount of data to be sent in the queue within each independent frequency band by receiving the independent frequency band number, the time slot status within the corresponding independent frequency band, the time slot conflict management queue within the corresponding independent frequency band, the data transmission management queue information within the corresponding independent frequency band, and the severe congestion flag information of the independent frequency band from the gateway. Based on the dynamic time-frequency resource switching mechanism, intelligently select the independent frequency band and the access application time slot within the corresponding independent frequency band to initiate the access request.

[0023] The dynamic time-frequency resource switching mechanism intelligently selects the independent frequency band used to initiate the access request and the access application time slot within the corresponding independent frequency band, specifically including:

[0024] Determine whether to switch to an independent frequency band based on the severe congestion indicator information in the monitored broadcast packets;

[0025] If the independent frequency band is not defined as severely congested, there is no need to switch independent frequency bands. Instead, the independent frequency band used in the previous access application can be used to apply for access again. The time slot used for the second access application can be selected through the adaptive time slot selection mechanism.

[0026] If the independent frequency band is defined as severely congested, an adaptive frequency band selection mechanism will be used to select an independent frequency band for re-application for access. After selecting the independent frequency band, an adaptive time slot selection mechanism will be used to select the time slot for application for access within the new independent frequency band.

[0027] The adaptive time slot selection mechanism is as follows: Nodes in the conflict node management queue of each time slot within the independent frequency band are sorted from smallest to largest based on the number of conflicting nodes. For nodes in time slots where the number of conflicting nodes exceeds a first threshold, one time slot is randomly selected from the non-pre-allocated time slots within all time slots dynamically adjusted by the gateway as the time slot for the re-access request. For nodes in time slots where the number of conflicting nodes is between the first and second thresholds, one time slot is randomly selected from the non-pre-allocated time slots within time slots where the number of conflicting nodes is less than or equal to the first threshold as the time slot for the re-access request. The first threshold is greater than the second threshold.

[0028] The adaptive frequency band selection mechanism is as follows: if the number of nodes that conflict with itself in the conflict node management queue is between the first threshold and the second threshold, the node will not switch to an independent frequency band; if the number of nodes that conflict with itself in the conflict node management queue exceeds the first threshold, the node will comprehensively determine whether to apply for access to the independent frequency band to be switched based on the severe congestion flag information of other independent frequency bands outside the current independent frequency band, the number of nodes in the queue of unresolved contention within the independent frequency band, and the amount of data to be sent in the queue; the first threshold is greater than the second threshold.

[0029] The node, based on the severe congestion indicators of other independent frequency bands besides the current independent frequency band, the number of nodes in the queue with unresolved contention within the independent frequency band, and the amount of data to be transmitted in the queue, comprehensively determines whether to apply for access to the new independent frequency band. Specifically:

[0030] The system determines the severe congestion flag information of the independent frequency band to be switched and excludes independent frequency bands defined as severely congested. Among the remaining independent frequency bands not defined as severely congested, the node calculates the sum of the number of nodes in the queue to resolve contention and the amount of data to be sent in the queue for each independent frequency band, and sorts them in ascending order. Among the independent frequency bands at the top of the sort, one independent frequency band is randomly selected as the independent frequency band for the access request.

[0031] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is as follows: A device for dynamic optimization and access conflict elimination of time-frequency resources integrating sensing and computing is provided, comprising a gateway and nodes. The gateway uses the aforementioned gateway-side optimization processing steps, including: a private network communication module for communicating with the nodes; a time-frequency management module for dynamically managing spectrum resources and time slot resources; a node management module for node access conflict management and queued data transmission management after successful access; and a gateway intelligent processing module for intelligently processing received data. The nodes use the aforementioned node-side optimization processing steps, including: a data acquisition module for providing a physical world information perception interface and digital expression function; a node intelligent processing module for providing intelligent processing of acquired data and intelligent adjustment of the establishment and optimization of post-processing result transmission requests; and a communication module for communicating with the gateway.

[0032] Beneficial effects

[0033] By adopting the above-mentioned technical solution, this invention has the following advantages and positive effects compared with the prior art: This invention effectively solves the network access conflict and interference problem caused by the continuous increase in IoT sensing nodes and the increasing real-time requirements under the existing IoT architecture through time-frequency resource segmentation and dynamic adjustment. While reducing the probability of network access conflicts, it improves the timeliness of communication between the network and nodes. Combined with the device for implementing the low-power, long-distance integrated sensing and computing architecture for dynamically optimizing time-frequency resources and eliminating multi-node access conflicts, this invention can effectively meet the access requirements of intelligent and sensitive perception of smart city characteristic indicator parameters. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 This is a time-frequency structure diagram of the first embodiment of the present invention, which integrates sensing and computing to dynamically optimize access conflicts and eliminate time-frequency resources.

[0035] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the gateway-side optimization processing steps in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the node-side optimization processing steps in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4 This is a block diagram of the gateway in the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 5 This is a block diagram of a node in the second embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The present invention will be further illustrated below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, it should be understood that after reading the teachings of this invention, those skilled in the art can make various alterations or modifications to the invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

[0040] The first embodiment of the present invention relates to a method for dynamic optimization and access conflict elimination of time and frequency resources integrating communication, sensing and computing, the method including gateway-side optimization processing steps and node-side optimization processing steps.

[0041] like Figure 2 The gateway-side optimization process includes:

[0042] (a) The smart gateway divides the available communication frequency band into several independent frequency bands f1, f2, ..., fm with a bandwidth of BW = 200kHz, where m = 8. Each independent frequency band uses the center frequency of the independent frequency band as the carrier frequency to complete the modulation, demodulation and transmission of wireless signals within the independent frequency band.

[0043] (b) such as Figure 1 As shown, in each independent frequency band fi, i∈[1,8], the smart gateway uses several dynamically variable time slots Si1,Si2,…,Sin i The interval i ∈ [1, 8] forms an access request processing time window, which is used for each node to apply for access and for gateway time slot allocation processing. Where n i =8, and the status of each time slot is defined as four types: idle, occupied, conflicted, and pre-allocated. The idle time slot status means that the node can directly access the time slot. The occupied time slot status means that one node is using the time slot. The conflicted time slot status means that more than one node has applied to access the time slot, causing a conflict among all nodes applying to access the time slot, and all of them need to reapply for access. The pre-allocated status means that the time slot has been pre-allocated by the smart gateway to a designated node for access.

[0044] (b1) To ensure that nodes can quickly respond and access after the smart gateway sends downlink messages such as control wake-up, parameter configuration, and collection tasks, the smart gateway supports a downlink message packet time slot pre-allocation mechanism. By defining a specific time slot state as a pre-allocation state, the downlink message packet carries the time slot information pre-allocated for a specific downlink target node, allowing the node to quickly and conflict-free access in the pre-allocated time slot.

[0045] (b2) When pre-allocating time slots, the gateway considers the downlink message packet type. For control wake-up and parameter configuration messages, it pre-allocates one time slot. For collection task messages, it further determines the collection frequency field set in the message and pre-allocates two consecutive time slots based on the density of the set collection frequency. This satisfies the continuous access and transmission time slot requirements of nodes corresponding to dense collection tasks that may generate large amounts of data. In addition, when the usage rate of communication time and frequency resources is less than 30%, the gateway supports batch unicast or multicast control wake-up of nodes and pre-allocates time slots for them. This allows them to access and upload offline stored non-alarm data and other historical information that the gateway may need for intelligent global judgment in the pre-allocated time slots.

[0046] (c) The gateway maintains the independent frequency band number fi, i∈[1,8], the corresponding time slot status within the independent frequency band, the corresponding time slot conflict management queue CQi, i∈[1,8] within the independent frequency band, and the corresponding data transmission management queue SQi, i∈[1,8] within the independent frequency band. It broadcasts this information via the public frequency band fc to coordinate the access requests and data transmission of the integrated sensing and computing nodes. Specifically, the gateway records nodes that fail to acquire an access time slot in the time slot conflict management queue CQi, and nodes that successfully acquire an access time slot in the data transmission management queue SQi. Nodes that actively request access from the gateway due to downlink control wake-up, parameter configuration, or acquisition task messages are directly recorded in the data transmission management queue SQi, thus achieving resource pre-allocation.

[0047] (c1) The smart gateway uses a dynamic time slot adjustment mechanism in each independent frequency band fi. Based on the managed time slot conflict management queue CQi, i∈[1,8] and data transmission management queue SQi, i∈[1,8], it calculates the number of nodes with unresolved conflicts in the conflict management queue cqi, i∈[1,8] and the number of nodes that have successfully entered the transmission queue sqi, i∈[1,8].

[0048] (c2) The smart gateway calculates the value of (cqi+sqi), i∈[1,8], if (cqi+sqi)≤Sin i This indicates that the total number of time slots is comparable to the total number of nodes, so the smart gateway does not need to dynamically adjust the time slots; it can simply wait for nodes to reapply for access and process the requests.

[0049] (c3) If Sin i <(cqi+sqi)<2Sin i Then compare cqi with sqi. If cqi > sqi, it indicates that the total number of time slots in this independent frequency band fi is not matched with the total number of nodes, resulting in fierce time slot competition in this independent frequency band and a low probability of successfully entering the data transmission queue. The smart gateway needs to dynamically adjust the time slots and set the increase in the number of time slots for processing access requests in this independent frequency band to ΔSin. i =(cqi+sqi)-Sin i If i∈[1,8], the total number of time slots is matched with the total number of nodes, increasing the probability of successful access within this independent frequency band, reducing access conflicts and increasing the probability of successful data transmission. If cqi≤sqi, it indicates that the contention queue and the transmission queue are relatively balanced, and the smart gateway does not need to dynamically adjust the number of time slots, and can handle the node's access requests and data transmission normally.

[0050] (c4) If (cqi+sqi)≥2Sin iThis indicates that the number of nodes initiating access requests using this independent frequency band fi significantly exceeds the total design capacity of the smart gateway in this independent frequency band. The smart gateway needs to dynamically adjust the time slots, setting the increase in the number of access request processing time slots in this independent frequency band to ΔSin. i =Sin i If i∈[1,8], increase the probability of successful access within the independent frequency band fi. At the same time, broadcast a message that the independent frequency band fi is in a state of severe congestion, so that the node can refer to whether to switch to an independent frequency band other than this independent frequency band fi to apply for access again.

[0051] (c5) If all independent frequency bands f1, f2, ..., fm are dynamically adjusted to the maximum number of time slots 2Sin i If i∈[1,8], it indicates that the time-frequency resources in this smart gateway are already saturated, and a new smart gateway is needed to provide additional time-frequency resources for node access.

[0052] like Figure 3 As shown, the optimization steps for the integrated sensory computing node are as follows:

[0053] The integrated sensor and computing node initiates access request processing mechanisms based on whether the request is proactive or reactive. If a node is passively requesting access to the gateway due to downlink control wake-up, parameter configuration, or data acquisition task messages, it requests access according to the pre-allocated time slots in the downlink control wake-up, parameter configuration, or data acquisition task messages, and waits for the pre-allocated time window to arrive before sending information. If a node needs to proactively request access to the gateway due to events generated by its own intelligent algorithms or periodic data acquisition, it randomly selects time slots Si1, Si2, ..., Sin within the preset independent frequency band fi, i∈[1,8]. i Node i∈[1,8] requests access. After sending the request information, the node listens for the broadcast message sent by the smart gateway on the corresponding public frequency band fc. It receives the information sent by the smart gateway, including the independent frequency band number fi, i∈[1,8], the time slot status within the corresponding independent frequency band, the time slot conflict management queue CQi, i∈[1,8], and the data transmission management queue SQi, i∈[1,8] within the corresponding independent frequency band, as well as the congestion flag information of each independent frequency band. It analyzes the number of nodes in the queue of unresolved contention cqi, i∈[1,8] and the amount of data to be transmitted in the queue sqi, i∈[1,8] within each independent frequency band. If access is unsuccessful, based on the dynamic time-frequency resource switching mechanism, it intelligently selects the independent frequency band fi and the access request time slot Si1, Si2, ..., Sin within the corresponding independent frequency band to re-initiate the access request. i The dynamic time-frequency resource switching mechanism is as follows:

[0054] (d1) The sensor-computing integrated node determines whether it is in the data transmission management queue SQi in the broadcast message. If it is, it means that the node's access application was successful, and the node will wait for the corresponding data transmission time window to arrive according to the queuing order in the data transmission management queue issued by the smart gateway to send data; if it is not, it means that the node's previous access application failed, and the node will prepare to apply for access again.

[0055] (d2) The integrated sensor-computer interface node determines whether the independent frequency band where the node is located is defined as a severely congested frequency band in the received broadcast information. If the independent frequency band where the node is located is not defined as a severely congested frequency band, it indicates that the contention level of the independent frequency band is within the adaptive dynamic adjustment capability of the smart gateway, and the node continues to apply for access in the independent frequency band. To increase the probability of successful application again and avoid nodes collectively selecting the least conflicting time slot, thus generating new hot time slot conflicts, the node selects the time slots Si1, Si2, ..., Sin within the independent frequency band fi according to the time slots Si1, Si2, ..., Sin. i In the conflict node management queue CQi, where i∈[1,8], the number of conflicting nodes cqi is arranged in ascending order. For nodes in each time slot where the number of competing nodes cqi is greater than 3, one time slot is randomly selected from the non-pre-allocated time slots in all time slots dynamically adjusted by the smart gateway as the time slot for re-access request. For nodes in each time slot where the number of competing nodes cqi is 2≤cqi≤3, in each time slot Si1, Si2,…,Sin i For time slots with a number of competing nodes (cqi) satisfying cqi≤3, one time slot is randomly selected from the non-pre-allocated time slots as the time slot for re-access request. If the independent frequency band where the node is located is defined as a severely congested frequency band, it indicates that the independent frequency band is severely congested, and the node needs to further determine whether to switch frequency bands and apply for access again.

[0056] (d3) After a node detects that its current independent frequency band is defined as a severely congested band, it determines whether to switch independent frequency bands by analyzing the number of conflicting nodes (cqi) in the conflicting node management queue (CQi). If the number of conflicting nodes (cqi) in the conflicting node management queue (CQi) satisfies 2 ≤ cqi ≤ 3, it indicates that the node was in a relatively uncontested time slot during its previous access request. In this case, the node does not need to switch independent frequency bands and randomly selects one time slot from the non-pre-allocated time slots of the current independent frequency band as the time slot for its next access request. Otherwise, if the number of conflicting nodes (cqi) in the conflicting node management queue (CQi) satisfies cqi > 3, it indicates that the node was in a highly contested time slot during its previous access request. In this case, the node needs to switch to an independent frequency band other than the current independent frequency band before applying for access again.

[0057] (d4) Based on the severe congestion flags of other independent frequency bands besides the current independent frequency band, the number of nodes in the queue of unresolved contention within the independent frequency band (cqi), and the amount of data to be sent in the queue (sqi), the node comprehensively determines the independent frequency band to be switched to when requesting access again. The node first checks the severe congestion flags of the independent frequency band to be switched to, excluding independent frequency bands defined as severely congested. Among the remaining independent frequency bands not defined as severely congested, the node calculates the sum (cqi+sqi) of the number of nodes in the queue of unresolved contention and the amount of data to be sent in the queue for each independent frequency band, sorts them from smallest to largest, and randomly selects one independent frequency band from the top-ranked independent frequency bands as the independent frequency band for the access request.

[0058] (d5) After node switches to the corresponding selected independent frequency band fi, each time slot Si1, Si2, ..., Sin within that independent frequency band i The number of competing nodes is cqi. Among the non-pre-allocated time slots within the time slots where cqi≤3, one time slot is randomly selected as the time slot used for the next access application.

[0059] It is easy to see that this implementation method effectively solves the network access conflict and interference problem caused by the continuous increase of IoT sensing nodes and the improvement of real-time requirements under the existing IoT architecture by dividing and dynamically adjusting time and frequency resources. It reduces the probability of network access conflict and improves the timeliness of communication between the network and nodes.

[0060] The second embodiment of the present invention relates to a sensing-computing integrated time-frequency resource dynamic optimization access conflict elimination device, comprising two parts: a smart gateway and a sensing-computing integrated node.

[0061] like Figure 4 As shown, the intelligent gateway includes a private network communication module, a time-frequency management module, a node management module, an intelligent processing module, an application service interface module, a public network communication module, and a power supply module. The private network communication module is used to communicate with the integrated sensing and computing node and includes a transmitting module and a receiving module. The transmitting module is used to transmit the intelligent gateway's frequency band division into multiple independent frequency bands fi, i∈[1,8], and time slot division Si1, Si2,…, Sin i , i∈[1,8], n i =8. Broadcast packet information including the corresponding independent frequency band time slot conflict management queue CQi, i∈[1,8], data transmission management queue SQi, i∈[1,8], time slot status, and congestion flags for each independent frequency band. The receiving module is used to receive broadcast packet information such as the usage of each independent frequency band fi and the time slots Si1, Si2, ..., Sin within each independent frequency band. iThe system includes information on node access requests and data transmission after successful node access. The time-frequency management module dynamically manages spectrum and time slot resources, comprising a frequency point management module and a time slot management module. The frequency point management module manages each independent frequency band fi, while the time slot management module adaptively adjusts the time slot resources Si1, Si2, ..., Sin within each independent frequency band. i The time-frequency management module calculates the (cqi+sqi) value of the number of nodes with unresolved conflicts in the conflict management queue CQi, i∈[1,8] and the number of nodes that have successfully entered the transmission queue CQi, i∈[1,8], and compares it with the Si1, Si2, ..., Sin values ​​of each independent frequency band fi. i Value matching adaptively and dynamically adjusts time and frequency resources; the node management module is used for node access conflict management and queued data transmission management after successful access, including a conflict management module and a data transmission management module. The conflict management module is used to maintain the conflict management queue CQi, and the data transmission management module is used to maintain the data transmission management queue SQi of successfully accessed nodes; the intelligent processing module is used to intelligently process the received data, including an intelligent algorithm module and a data storage module. The intelligent algorithm module can be an edge intelligent algorithm, and the data storage module is used to store the data Datai of each node, i∈[1,8]; the application service interface module provides the interface between data and application services; the public network communication module is used for uplink and downlink communication such as data aggregation and forwarding and application service command reception, and can be selected from 5G / 4G / WiFi, etc.; the power supply module is used to provide the power required for the operation of the intelligent gateway.

[0062] like Figure 5 As shown, the integrated sensing and computing node includes a data acquisition module, an intelligent processing module, a communication module, a time synchronization module, and a power supply module. The data acquisition module provides a physical world information sensing interface and digital expression function; the intelligent processing module provides intelligent processing of the acquired data and intelligent adjustment for establishing and optimizing the request to send the processed results, including an intelligent sensing algorithm module and an intelligent access adjustment module. The intelligent sensing algorithm module can optionally use a front-end intelligent algorithm to achieve intelligent sensing and activate event messages. The intelligent access adjustment module uses a dynamic time-frequency switching adjustment mechanism to intelligently adjust the independent frequency band fi, i∈[1,8] and time slot Si1,Si2,…,Sin used for access applications and data transmission. i , i∈[1,8], n i =8; The communication module is used for communication with the smart gateway, including a transmitting module and a receiving module. The transmitting module operates according to the selected independent frequency band fi and time slots Si1, Si2, ..., Sin. i Sending access request and successful access data Datai, i∈[1,8], the receiving module is used to receive the independent frequency band fi and time slot division Si1,Si2,…,Sin sent by the smart gateway. iThe system includes broadcast packet information such as time slot status, time slot conflict management queue (CQi) and data transmission management queue (SQi) within the corresponding independent frequency band, and congestion flags for each independent frequency band; the time synchronization module is used for nodes to receive time synchronization signals from the smart gateway to achieve time synchronization between nodes and the gateway; and the power supply module provides the electrical energy required for node operation.

Claims

1. A method for dynamic optimization and access conflict elimination of time-frequency resources integrating induction and computation, characterized in that, This includes gateway-side optimization processing steps and node-side optimization processing steps; The gateway-side optimization process includes: The available communication frequency band is divided into several independent frequency bands based on the bandwidth. Each independent frequency band uses the center frequency of the independent frequency band as the carrier frequency to complete the modulation, demodulation and transmission of wireless signals within the independent frequency band. Within each independent frequency band, an access request processing time window is composed of several dynamically variable time slots. The access request processing time window is used for each node to apply for access and for gateway time slot allocation processing. The status of the time slot is defined as idle, occupied, conflicted, and pre-allocated. The system maintains independent frequency band numbers, corresponding time slot statuses within independent frequency bands, time slot conflict management queues within independent frequency bands, and data transmission management queues within independent frequency bands. It then distributes these information to nodes via a public frequency band to complete node access requests and data transmission. The time slot conflict management queue records nodes that failed to acquire access time slots within the corresponding independent frequency band, while the data transmission management queue records nodes that successfully acquired access time slots within the corresponding independent frequency band, as well as nodes that the gateway actively requests access. The node-side optimization process includes: Determine the type of gateway the node is connected to; When a node accesses the gateway using the passive request type, it requests access to the gateway according to the pre-allocated time slots. Wait for the pre-allocated time window to arrive before sending the message; When a node accesses a gateway in an active application manner, it will randomly select a time slot within the preset independent frequency band to apply for gateway access.

2. The method for dynamic optimization and access conflict elimination of time-frequency resources integrating induction and computation as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The time slot status is "idle" indicating that it can be directly accessed; "occupied" indicating that one node is using the time slot; "conflicted" indicating that more than one node has applied to access the time slot; and "pre-allocated" indicating that the time slot has been pre-allocated by the gateway to a designated node for access.

3. The method for dynamic optimization and access conflict elimination of time-frequency resources integrating induction and computation as described in claim 1, characterized in that, When processing the gateway time slot allocation, for control wake-up and parameter configuration messages, one time slot is pre-allocated; for collection task messages, the collection frequency field set in the collection task is further determined, and the number of time slots is pre-allocated according to the set collection frequency density.

4. The method for dynamic optimization and access conflict elimination of time-frequency resources integrating induction and computation as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The gateway-side optimization process further includes using a dynamic time slot adjustment mechanism in each independent frequency band, wherein the dynamic time slot adjustment mechanism is specifically as follows: Based on the time slot conflict management queue and the data transmission management queue, calculate the number of nodes with unresolved conflicts in the time slot conflict management queue (cqi) and the number of nodes that have successfully entered the data transmission management queue (sqi). If the sum of the number of nodes with unresolved conflicts (cqi) and the number of nodes that have successfully entered the data transmission management queue (sqi) is less than or equal to Sin i Then wait for the node to reapply for access and process it; If the sum of the number of nodes with unresolved conflicts (cqi) and the number of nodes that have successfully entered the data transmission management queue (sqi) is greater than Sin i And less than 2Sin i Then compare the number of nodes with unresolved conflicts, cqi, with the number of nodes that have successfully entered the data sending management queue, sqi. If the number of nodes with unresolved conflicts, cqi, is greater than the number of nodes, sqi, that have successfully entered the data transmission management queue, then the increase in the number of access request processing time slots within this independent frequency band is set to ΔSin. i =(cqi+sqi)-Sin i If the number of nodes with unresolved conflicts, cqi, is less than or equal to the number of nodes, sqi, that have successfully entered the data sending management queue, then the node's access request and data sending will be processed normally. If the sum of the number of nodes with unresolved conflicts, cqi, and the number of nodes that have successfully entered the data transmission management queue, sqi, is equal to or greater than 2Sin i Then, the increase in the number of access request processing time slots within this independent frequency band is set to ΔSin. i =Sin i At the same time, it broadcasts a message that the independent frequency band is in a state of severe congestion; Among them, Sin i This represents the total number of time slots.

5. The method for dynamic optimization and access conflict elimination of time-frequency resources integrating induction and computation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific steps of randomly selecting a time slot within the independent frequency band to apply for access to the gateway are as follows: listen to the messages broadcast by the gateway on the corresponding public frequency band, and analyze the number of nodes in the queue of contention to be resolved and the amount of data to be sent in the queue within each independent frequency band by receiving the independent frequency band number, the time slot status within the corresponding independent frequency band, the time slot conflict management queue within the corresponding independent frequency band, the data transmission management queue information within the corresponding independent frequency band, and the severe congestion flag information of the independent frequency band from the gateway. Based on the dynamic time-frequency resource switching mechanism, intelligently select the independent frequency band and the access application time slot within the corresponding independent frequency band to initiate the access request.

6. The method for dynamic optimization and access conflict elimination of time-frequency resources integrating induction and computation as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The dynamic time-frequency resource switching mechanism intelligently selects the independent frequency band used to initiate the access request and the access application time slot within the corresponding independent frequency band, specifically including: Determine whether to switch to an independent frequency band based on the severe congestion indicator information in the monitored broadcast packets; If the independent frequency band is not defined as severely congested, there is no need to switch independent frequency bands. Instead, the independent frequency band used in the previous access application can be used to apply for access again. The time slot used for the second access application can be selected through the adaptive time slot selection mechanism. If the independent frequency band is defined as severely congested, an adaptive frequency band selection mechanism will be used to select an independent frequency band for re-application for access. After selecting the independent frequency band, an adaptive time slot selection mechanism will be used to select the time slot for application for access within the new independent frequency band.

7. The method for dynamic optimization and access conflict elimination of time-frequency resources integrating induction and computation as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The adaptive time slot selection mechanism is as follows: Nodes in the conflict node management queue of each time slot within the independent frequency band are sorted from smallest to largest based on the number of conflicting nodes. For nodes in time slots where the number of conflicting nodes exceeds a first threshold, one time slot is randomly selected from the non-pre-allocated time slots within all time slots dynamically adjusted by the gateway as the time slot for the re-access request. For nodes in time slots where the number of conflicting nodes is between the first and second thresholds, one time slot is randomly selected from the non-pre-allocated time slots within time slots where the number of conflicting nodes is less than or equal to the first threshold as the time slot for the re-access request. The first threshold is greater than the second threshold.

8. The method for dynamic optimization and access conflict elimination of time-frequency resources integrating induction and computation according to claim 6, characterized in that, The adaptive frequency band selection mechanism is as follows: if the number of nodes that conflict with itself in the conflict node management queue is between the first threshold and the second threshold, the node will not switch to an independent frequency band; if the number of nodes that conflict with itself in the conflict node management queue exceeds the first threshold, the node will comprehensively determine whether to apply for access to the independent frequency band to be switched based on the severe congestion flag information of other independent frequency bands outside the current independent frequency band, the number of nodes in the queue of unresolved contention within the independent frequency band, and the amount of data to be sent in the queue; the first threshold is greater than the second threshold.

9. The method for dynamic optimization and access conflict elimination of time-frequency resources integrating induction and computation as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The node, based on the severe congestion indicators of other independent frequency bands besides the current independent frequency band, the number of nodes in the queue with unresolved contention within the independent frequency band, and the amount of data to be transmitted in the queue, comprehensively determines whether to apply for access to the new independent frequency band. Specifically: The system determines the severe congestion flag information of the independent frequency band to be switched and excludes independent frequency bands defined as severely congested. Among the remaining independent frequency bands not defined as severely congested, the node calculates the sum of the number of nodes in the queue to resolve contention and the amount of data to be sent in the queue for each independent frequency band, and sorts them in ascending order. Among the independent frequency bands at the top of the sort, one independent frequency band is randomly selected as the independent frequency band for the access request.

10. A device for dynamic optimization and access conflict elimination of time-frequency resources integrating induction and computation, characterized in that, The system includes a gateway and nodes. The gateway uses the gateway-side optimization processing steps as described in any one of claims 1-9, including: a private network communication module for communicating with nodes; a time-frequency management module for dynamically managing spectrum resources and time slot resources; a node management module for node access conflict management and queued data transmission management after successful access; and a gateway intelligent processing module for intelligently processing received data. The nodes use the node-side optimization processing steps as described in any one of claims 1-9, including: a data acquisition module for providing a physical world information perception interface and digital expression function. The node intelligent processing module is used to provide intelligent processing of collected data and intelligent adjustment of the establishment and optimization of the request to send the processed results; the communication module is used to communicate with the gateway.

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