A high-head, large-flow, environmentally friendly and energy-saving floating gate

Abstract

The invention discloses an environmentally friendly and energy-saving buoy gate with high water head and large flow, which belongs to the technical field of water conservancy engineering. The buoy gate comprises a lower buoy, a diversion bell mouth, an upper buoy and a telescopic cylinder assembly. The lower buoy is fixedly equipped with an adjustable buoy, the diversion bell mouth is fixedly equipped on the lower buoy, the upper buoy is arranged above the diversion bell mouth, a temperature sensor is also connected to the end of the guide rod at the bottom of the upper buoy, and the telescopic cylinder assembly comprises a plurality of cylinders, which are mutually overlapped and connected with each other through sealing grooves for limited sliding. The invention adopts a floating lower buoy assembly and a overlapping telescopic cylinder assembly, which can realize the water intake function by hydraulic floating, and the buoy gate can automatically rise and fall with the change of water level, always maintain the designed draft depth, and can also automatically adjust the water intake flow according to the current water intake layer temperature to realize continuous surface water intake with high water head and large flow.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of water conservancy projects, and in particular relates to an environmentally friendly and energy-saving floating cylinder gate with high water head and large flow. Background Art

[0002] The long-term stagnation of reservoir water has formed a water environment that is completely different from the original natural river channel. The main manifestation is that the water quality of the reservoir has a layered distribution along the depth. Reservoir water quality indicators generally include water temperature, dissolved oxygen, aquatic organisms, mineral elements, pH, turbidity, carbon dioxide, etc. Taking water from water layers at different depths in the reservoir and releasing water will have various impacts on the natural environment and water use, involving a wide range of fields such as agriculture, industry, fisheries, ecology, tourism, and people's lives and health. For example, taking water through deep holes will reduce the water temperature of downstream rivers and canals, aggravate the degree of cold damage to rice in the irrigation area, and make the entire growing period lag behind normal water temperature irrigation conditions, resulting in reduced production.

[0003] Adopting a reasonable water intake structure, making full use of the distribution and changes of reservoir water quality, and taking water layers in the reservoir that meet the requirements of the water-using department, so that the reservoir is in the best working condition, is conducive to regulating reservoir water quality, serving agricultural production increase, and improving the impact on the environment. These are issues that need to be considered in the development and utilization of reservoirs, so as to give full play to the multi-objective benefits of the reservoir.

[0004] Taking into account the layered distribution of reservoir water quality along the depth, the surface warm water irrigation of the reservoir has a more obvious effect on increasing production than the deep cold water irrigation. Agricultural irrigation water should be taken from the surface of the reservoir, which is in line with the development concept of ecological water conservancy, energy conservation and environmental protection. The existing technical solutions for surface water extraction of water conservancy projects mainly include: plane stacked beam gates, cylinder gates, tower-type stratified water extraction and dragon-head-raising stratified water extraction. Although these technical solutions can obtain a certain degree of surface water, their disadvantages are that they are not energy-saving and the surface water extraction effect is not good, the equipment is difficult to overhaul and maintain, and the operating cost is high. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, an object of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide an environmentally friendly and energy-saving buoy gate with high water head and large flow rate, so as to solve the problems in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A high-head, large-flow, environmentally friendly and energy-saving buoy gate comprises a lower buoyancy box assembly, wherein the lower buoyancy box assembly comprises a lower buoyancy box and an adjustable buoyancy box, and the outer diameter of the lower buoyancy box is fixedly equipped with the adjustable buoyancy box;

[0008] A diversion assembly, the diversion assembly includes a diversion bell mouth, a bell mouth base and a middle column, the diversion bell mouth is fixedly mounted on the lower buoyancy box and is connected to the lower buoyancy box, the top of the diversion bell mouth is also provided with a bell mouth base, the bell mouth base is circumferentially provided with a plurality of jacks, and the middle of the diversion bell mouth is also fixedly mounted with a middle column;

[0009] A buoyancy box assembly, the buoyancy box assembly includes a buoyancy box, a guide rod and a temperature sensor, the buoyancy box is arranged above the diversion bell mouth, and a plurality of guide rods are fixedly assembled at the bottom of the buoyancy box, the guide rods are slidably assembled in the jacks, and the ends of the guide rods are also connected to the temperature sensors, and the temperature sensors are fixedly assembled on the diversion bell mouth;

[0010] A telescopic cylinder assembly, the telescopic cylinder assembly comprising a plurality of cylinders, the plurality of cylinders being mutually overlapped and connected in a limited sliding manner through a sealing groove, and the cylinder at the top being limitedly slidably assembled in a lower buoyancy box; and

[0011] A water intake well unit, the water intake well unit includes a water intake wellhead, a water inlet and side rails. The water intake wellhead is arranged around the lower buoyancy box, a water inlet is arranged at one end of the water intake wellhead, and side rails are also arranged on the inner wall of the water intake wellhead. The side rails are used to limit the rotation of the lower buoyancy box assembly and the telescopic cylinder assembly.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention, the lower pontoon assembly also includes a pontoon support arm, and several of the pontoon support arms are circumferentially assembled on the outer diameter of the lower pontoon. The telescopic cylinder assembly also includes a cylinder support arm, and several of the cylinder support arms are fixedly assembled on the outer wall of the cylinder. The pontoon support arms and the cylinder support arms are both slidably assembled in the side rails to limit the self-rotation of the lower pontoon and several cylinders.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention, the upper buoyancy box assembly also includes an electrically controlled mold line and a hydraulic cylinder. The electrically controlled mold line is connected to the other end of the guide rod and is electrically connected to the temperature sensor. The hydraulic cylinder is fixedly assembled in the upper buoyancy box, and one end is electrically connected to the electrically controlled mold line, and the other end is fixedly assembled on the middle column, and is used to adjust the gap distance between the diversion bell mouth and the upper buoyancy box.

[0014] As a further solution of the present invention, the temperature sensor is arranged in an arc shape on one side of the diversion bell mouth and is set toward the water inlet side, so as to measure the water head temperature at multiple points on the water inlet side.

[0015] As a further solution of the present invention, the plurality of cylinders are connected to each other in a sliding and sealing manner via sealing grooves.

[0016] As a further solution of the present invention, the high-head, large-flow, environmentally friendly and energy-saving buoy gate also includes a water stop plate, which is fixedly assembled in the diversion bell mouth and circumferentially arranged at the inner diameter end of the diversion bell mouth to block turbulence in the diversion bell mouth.

[0017] As a further solution of the present invention, the water stop plate adopts an L-shaped water stop structure.

[0018] In summary, compared with the prior art, the embodiments of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0019] The present invention adopts a floating lower buoyancy box assembly and a stacked telescopic cylinder assembly, which can realize the water intake function through hydraulic floating, and the buoy gate can automatically rise and fall with the change of water level to always maintain the required draft depth. In addition, the water intake flow rate can be automatically adjusted according to the current water intake layer temperature to realize continuous surface water intake with high head and large flow. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a working schematic diagram of a high-head, large-flow, environmentally friendly and energy-saving buoy gate provided in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a high-head, large-flow, environmentally friendly and energy-saving floating cylinder gate provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of a high-head, large-flow, environmentally friendly and energy-saving buoy gate provided in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of the high-head, large-flow, environmentally friendly and energy-saving buoy gate indicated by A in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 A top view of an environmentally friendly and energy-saving floating gate with high water head and large flow rate provided in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure markings: 1-lower pontoon assembly, 101-lower pontoon, 102-adjustable pontoon, 103-pontoon arm, 2-diversion assembly, 201-diversion bell, 202-bell base, 203-jack, 204-middle column, 3-upper pontoon assembly, 301-upper pontoon, 302-guide rod, 303-temperature sensor, 304-electrically controlled mold line, 305-hydraulic cylinder, 4-telescopic cylinder assembly, 401-cylinder, 402-sealing groove, 403-cylinder arm, 5-water stop plate, 6-water well unit, 601-water well mouth, 602-water inlet, 603-side rail. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the structural features and effects of the present invention, the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0027] Example 1

[0028] See also Figure 1-Figure 5 In one embodiment of the present invention, a high-head, large-flow, environmentally friendly and energy-saving buoy gate comprises a lower pontoon assembly 1, wherein the lower pontoon assembly 1 comprises a lower pontoon 101 and an adjustable pontoon 102, wherein the outer diameter of the lower pontoon 101 is fixedly equipped with the adjustable pontoon 102; a diversion assembly 2, wherein the diversion assembly 2 comprises a diversion bell mouth 201, a bell mouth base 202 and a center column 204, wherein the diversion bell mouth 201 is fixedly equipped on the lower pontoon 101 and is connected to the lower pontoon 101, wherein the top of the diversion bell mouth 201 is also provided with a bell mouth base 202, wherein the bell mouth A plurality of jacks 203 are arranged circumferentially on the base 202, and a center column 204 is fixedly installed in the middle of the diversion bell mouth 201; an upper buoyancy box assembly 3, the upper buoyancy box assembly 3 includes an upper buoyancy box 301, a guide rod 302, a temperature sensor 303, an electric control mold line 304 and a hydraulic cylinder 305, the upper buoyancy box 301 is arranged above the diversion bell mouth 201, and a plurality of guide rods 302 are fixedly installed at the bottom of the upper buoyancy box 301, the guide rods 302 are slidably assembled in the jacks 203, and the end of the guide rods 302 is also connected to a temperature sensor 303, the temperature The sensor 303 is fixedly mounted on the guide bell mouth 201, the electric control mold line 304 is connected to the other end of the guide rod 302, and is electrically connected to the temperature sensor 303, the hydraulic cylinder 305 is fixedly mounted in the upper buoyancy box 301, and one end is electrically connected to the electric control mold line 304, and the other end is fixedly mounted on the middle column 204, and is used to adjust the gap distance between the guide bell mouth 201 and the upper buoyancy box 301; the telescopic cylinder assembly 4, the telescopic cylinder assembly 4 includes a plurality of cylinders 401, the inner wall end of the cylinder 401 is provided with a sealing groove 402, and a plurality of The cylinders 401 are overlapped with each other and connected by limiting sliding through the sealing groove 402, and the cylinder 401 at the top is limitedly slidably assembled in the lower buoyancy box 101; and a water well unit 6, the water well unit 6 includes a water wellhead 601, a water inlet 602 and a side rail 603, the water wellhead 601 is arranged around the lower buoyancy box 101, and the water inlet 602 is arranged at one end of the water wellhead 601, and the inner wall of the water wellhead 601 is also provided with a side rail 603, and the side rail 603 is used to limit the rotation of the lower buoyancy box assembly 1 and the telescopic cylinder assembly 4.

[0029] In actual application, the buoy gate is specially designed for taking surface water in water conservancy projects. The main body of the buoy gate is a cylindrical structure, which is composed of a lower pontoon assembly 1, a diversion assembly 2, an upper pontoon assembly 3, a telescopic cylinder assembly 4 and a water intake well unit 6. The lower pontoon assembly 1 and the upper pontoon assembly 3 provide the buoyancy required to bear the weight of the entire buoy gate. The diversion bell mouth 201 and the upper pontoon 301 are movably connected, and the gap between the diversion bell mouth 201 and the upper pontoon 301 constitutes a water intake loop. The multi-section stacked cylinder 401 is movably assembled at the bottom of the lower pontoon 101. The adjustable pontoon 102 set on the outside of the lower pontoon 101 can adjust the buoyancy of one end of the lower pontoon 101, so that the lower pontoon 101 drives several cylinders 401 to expand and contract with the change of the water level of the reservoir, so that the water intake depth is kept within the design range, so as to achieve the purpose of surface water intake. At the same time, during the water intake process Since a plurality of temperature sensors 303 are arranged on one side of the diversion bell mouth 201, the temperature sensor 303 can measure the water inlet temperature of the buoy gate in the annular direction during the water flow process, and take out the average value, and adjust the gap size between the diversion bell mouth 201 and the upper buoy 301 through the electric control signal, so as to change the water flow rate of the water intake layer, automatically increase the water intake when the external ambient temperature is high, and automatically reduce the water intake when the external ambient temperature is low, and at the same time cooperate with the adjustable buoy 102 to adjust the water intake depth, and can adaptively adjust the water intake depth and water intake under different temperature environments. The buoy gate realizes the water intake function through hydraulic floating self-control, and does not need to provide power for the opening and closing of the gate, which is energy-saving and environmentally friendly, and the buoy gate can automatically rise and fall with the change of water level, always maintain the required draft depth, can continuously take the surface water of the reservoir, and can adapt to the operating conditions of high head and large flow.

[0030] In one case of the present embodiment, the designed buoyancy of the buoy gate is slightly greater than the gate weight, which is about 89 tons. The depth of the water intake can be adjusted by injecting water into the adjustable buoyancy box 102. The operating conditions of the buoy gate are still water opening and closing or waterless opening and closing. The maximum opening force is based on the lifting conditions of the entire set of gates, and a 2*500kN bridge crane can be used for lifting.

[0031] See also Figure 2 In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the lower pontoon assembly 1 also includes a pontoon support arm 103, and several of the pontoon support arms 103 are circumferentially assembled on the outer diameter of the lower pontoon 101. The telescopic cylinder assembly 4 also includes a cylinder support arm 403, and several of the cylinder support arms 403 are fixedly assembled on the outer wall of the cylinder 401. The pontoon support arm 103 and the cylinder support arm 403 are both slidably assembled in the side rail 603, which is used to limit the rotation of the lower pontoon 101 and several cylinders 401.

[0032] In actual application of this embodiment, the water intake well 601 on one side of the buoy gate is unidirectionally fed with water through the water inlet 602, and a maintenance gate can be arranged upstream of the buoy gate to make maintenance and operation management more convenient and reduce operating costs. The side rail 603 can prevent the lateral swing and spin of the buoy gate and maintain the stability and sealing of the buoy gate.

[0033] In one case of this embodiment, the support buffer block of the side rail 603 is preferably made of engineering plastic alloy material, which has good structural stability and is durable, and is not specifically limited here.

[0034] See also Figure 5 In a preferred embodiment of the present embodiment, the temperature sensor 303 is arranged in an arc shape on one side of the diversion bell mouth 201 and is set toward the water inlet 602 side, so as to measure the water head temperature at multiple points on the water inlet side.

[0035] In actual application of this embodiment, the temperature sensor 303 is arranged on one side of the water inlet channel of the water inlet 602, which can detect the water inlet temperature near the water intake and control the gap size of the water intake according to the water intake temperature, thereby adaptively adjusting the water intake process of the gate.

[0036] See also Figure 3 In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of cylinders 401 are connected to each other in a sliding and sealing manner via sealing grooves 402 .

[0037] In actual application, the floating gate of this embodiment is characterized in that it can freely expand and contract with the change of water level, and the sealing groove 402 that sleeves a plurality of cylinders 401 can not only play the role of suspension, water stopping, buffering, etc., but also can minimize friction resistance.

[0038] See also Figure 2 In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the high-head, large-flow, environmentally friendly and energy-saving buoy gate also includes a water stop plate 5, which is fixedly assembled in the diversion bell mouth 201 and circumferentially arranged at the inner diameter end of the diversion bell mouth 201 to block turbulence in the diversion bell mouth 201.

[0039] In actual application of this embodiment, the structure of the water stop plate 5 fits the flow state of the water, which can reduce head loss, ensure flow stability, and prevent vortices from being generated in the flow channel. The water stop plate 5 adopts an L-shaped water stop structure, which has a good water stop effect and effectively reduces friction resistance.

[0040] Example 2

[0041] In order to verify the performance indicators of the buoy gate, a surface water intake model test of the buoy gate was carried out.

[0042] The test contents include: using hydraulic model test to study the effect of stratified water intake, whether there is a phenomenon of pulling bottom water under the designed water intake conditions, and verifying the rationality of the structural layout;

[0043] Verify whether the flow capacity of the buoy gate meets the design requirements under various working conditions, and verify the rationality of the structure and size of the buoy gate;

[0044] Verify whether the flow channel of the sewage cleaning machine and the dimensions of the buoy gate chamber meet the flow capacity requirements under various working conditions, and whether the flow pattern of the water in the flow channel meets the requirements for stratified water intake;

[0045] Observe the overall water flow pattern and velocity distribution at the water inlet to verify whether there is an unstable flow pattern that affects the normal operation of the buoy gate;

[0046] During the operation of the buoy gate, observe the flow patterns of the water in the buoy gate chamber, inside the buoy gate, and in the rotary filter screen flow channel to see if there are vortices, bubbles, and other conditions that may affect the stable operation of the pressurized water delivery system;

[0047] According to the water temperature distribution characteristics of the reservoir, the test determines the water intake depth of the water intake during the corresponding flooding period, especially the key flooding period, so as to achieve the purpose of stratified water intake without pulling the bottom water;

[0048] Determine the local head loss of the floating gate flow and verify the rationality of the selected calculation parameters;

[0049] Observe the influence of water flow on the vibration and operating stability of the buoy gate under various working conditions.

[0050] The surface water intake depth of the reservoir in this experiment adopts the surface water condition of 8m. The model test adopts the two-layer density method. The relative density difference ε is calculated according to the average density of the stratified water body. The stratified interface of the surface water is stable and clear, the upper water body is colorless, and the lower water body is red.

[0051] The method of forming a stratified water body is as follows: first, inject bottom water (salt water) into the tank until the bottom water (salt water) surface is flush with the top edge of the weir plate that controls the interface; then open the surface water (fresh water) injection pipe, slowly inject surface water (fresh water) into the test tank, so that the fresh water slowly passes over the weir plate, forming a thin layer of fresh water on the surface of the salt water and gradually thickening to form surface water (fresh water). The formation process of the surface water (fresh water) is relatively slow to ensure the stability of the interface. The prepared salt-soluble water is injected into the test water tank through the pipeline to form the bottom water, and then fresh water is used to form the surface water on the surface of the salt-soluble water. The formation speed of the surface water is relatively slow to ensure that the interface between the surface water and the bottom water is stable and clear.

[0052] As shown in Table 1, taking the working condition of 8m surface water with the highest operating water level of 228.173m as an example, the surface and bottom temperature difference ΔT = 2.2℃, the surface water intake effect of the buoy gate is analyzed.

[0053] Table 1 Stratified water extraction test results (maximum operating water level)

[0054]

[0055] Note: √ represents yes, - represents no.

[0056] The test results in the table show that the water intake flow rate reaches Q = 7.16m 3 / s>6.60m 3 / s (design flow), the suction height of the front edge of the buoy gate inlet is z a2 =1.32m<z cr =6.10m, inlet trailing edge suction height z a3 =1.52m<z cr =6.10m, the surface water intake does not pull the bottom water, meeting the surface water intake condition requirements, when the water intake flow rate is less than the design flow rate, the interface stability is good; water intake flow rate Q = 7.16m 3 / s, there is weak mixing at the interface, and the mixing amount of bottom water accounts for about 3% of the total water intake flow. There is no vortex phenomenon in any part of the flow channel.

[0057] Test conclusion: Taking the surface water depth of 8m as the working condition, within the range of the designed operating water level plug 203.173m to the maximum operating water level 228.173m, the water intake flow rate of the buoy gate Q≤6.60m 3 / s range, when taking water from the surface, there is no phenomenon of pulling the bottom water, which meets the requirements of surface water taking conditions and achieves the purpose of surface water taking;

[0058] According to the flow velocity distribution law of the water intake measured in the test, the maximum flow velocity is about 1.2m below the water surface, located at the upper part of the water intake. The main flow stream of the water intake is the upper surface water body, which meets the surface water intake requirements;

[0059] The flow capacity of the buoy gate meets the design flow of 6.6m 3 / s Requirement;

[0060] The water temperature meets the requirement of 15℃~25℃ for irrigation of dry crops and 18℃ for spawning of four domestic fish species, so that the water temperature can meet the requirements of irrigation and ecology.

[0061] Take the surface water depth of 8m, at the design flow rate Q = 6.6m 3 / s, the turbulent mixing volume of the bottom water shall not exceed 5% of the total water intake flow rate. The smaller the flow rate, the smaller the turbulent mixing volume. The flow rate Q≤3.5m 3 / s, there is no turbulent mixing amount.

[0062] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. High head and large flow environmental protection and energy saving buoy gate, characterized by: The high head and large flow environmental protection and energy saving buoy gate comprises: A lower pontoon assembly, the lower pontoon assembly comprising a lower pontoon and an adjustable pontoon, the outer diameter of the lower pontoon being fixedly mounted with the adjustable pontoon; A diversion assembly, the diversion assembly includes a diversion bell mouth, a bell mouth base and a middle column, the diversion bell mouth is fixedly mounted on the lower buoyancy box and is connected to the lower buoyancy box, the top of the diversion bell mouth is also provided with a bell mouth base, the bell mouth base is circumferentially provided with a plurality of jacks, and the middle of the diversion bell mouth is also fixedly mounted with a middle column; A buoyancy box assembly, the buoyancy box assembly includes a buoyancy box, a guide rod and a temperature sensor, the buoyancy box is arranged above the diversion bell mouth, and a plurality of guide rods are fixedly assembled at the bottom of the buoyancy box, the guide rods are slidably assembled in the jacks, and the ends of the guide rods are also connected to the temperature sensors, and the temperature sensors are fixedly assembled on the diversion bell mouth; A telescopic cylinder assembly, the telescopic cylinder assembly comprising a plurality of cylinders, the plurality of cylinders being mutually overlapped and connected in a limited sliding manner through a sealing groove, and the cylinder at the top being limitedly slidably assembled in a lower buoyancy box; and A water well unit, the water well unit comprising a water wellhead, a water inlet and a side rail, the water wellhead is arranged around the lower buoyancy box, one end of the water wellhead is provided with a water inlet, and the inner wall of the water wellhead is also provided with a side rail, the side rail is used to limit the rotation of the lower buoyancy box assembly and the telescopic cylinder assembly; The buoyancy box assembly also includes an electrically controlled mold line and a hydraulic cylinder. The electrically controlled mold line is connected to the other end of the guide rod and is electrically connected to the temperature sensor. The hydraulic cylinder is fixedly assembled in the buoyancy box, and one end is electrically connected to the electrically controlled mold line, and the other end is fixedly assembled on the center column, and is used to adjust the gap distance between the diversion bell mouth and the buoyancy box.

2. The high-head, large-flow, environmentally friendly and energy-saving buoy gate according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The lower pontoon assembly also includes a pontoon support arm, and several of the pontoon support arms are circumferentially assembled on the outer diameter of the lower pontoon. The telescopic cylinder assembly also includes a cylinder support arm, and several of the cylinder support arms are fixedly assembled on the outer wall of the cylinder. The pontoon support arms and the cylinder support arms are both slidably assembled in the side rails to limit the rotation of the lower pontoon and several cylinders.

3. The high-head, large-flow, environmentally friendly and energy-saving buoy gate according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The temperature sensor is arranged in an arc shape on one side of the diversion bell mouth and is arranged toward the water inlet side, and is used to measure the water head temperature at multiple points on the water inlet side.

4. The high-head, large-flow, environmentally friendly and energy-saving buoy gate according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The plurality of cylinders are connected in a sliding and sealing manner via sealing grooves.

5. The high-head, large-flow, environmentally friendly and energy-saving buoy gate according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The high-head, large-flow, environmentally friendly and energy-saving buoy gate also includes a water stop plate, which is fixedly assembled in the diversion bell mouth and circumferentially arranged at the inner diameter end of the diversion bell mouth to block turbulence in the diversion bell mouth.

6. The high-head, large-flow, environmentally friendly and energy-saving buoy gate according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The water stop plate adopts an L-shaped water stop structure.

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