A breeding method capable of improving immunity of intermediate sea urchin

Abstract

This invention discloses a method for cultivating sea urchins that can improve their immunity. The method involves pre-introducing *Cyclocarya paliurus*, *Bacillus subtilis*, and photosynthetic bacteria (*Rhodopseudomonas palustris*) into the cultivation pond to cultivate a symbiotic system of bacteria and algae. During the sea urchin cultivation process, this symbiotic system is maintained by controlling the light intensity and applying specific nutrients. When combined with conventional sea urchin cultivation methods under this system, the immunity of sea urchins can be significantly improved, ultimately achieving the goal of increasing the survival rate and growth rate of the cultivated sea urchins.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of aquaculture, and in particular to a method for improving the immunity of sea urchins. Background Technology

[0002] The intermedius sea urchin (Strongylocentrotus intermedius), also known as the Ezo sea urchin, is recognized both domestically and internationally as a high-quality sea urchin species due to its rapid growth, attractive gonad color, and sweet taste. To date, it has become the most important farmed sea urchin species in my country, with an annual gonad production exceeding 200 tons. However, with the continuous expansion of sea urchin farming, various diseases have emerged, severely hindering the healthy and sustainable development of the industry.

[0003] In sea urchin farming, improving the immunity of farmed sea urchins is an effective measure for disease prevention. Wang Yinan et al. have published a compound herbal immune enhancer for sea urchins, which, when used in medicated baths or as a whole-pond application, significantly enhances the immunity of the sea urchins. Apart from this, no other research on improving sea urchin immunity has been found. In other aquatic animals, immune enhancers such as herbal medicines, immunopolysaccharides, vitamin C, and probiotics are often used to improve their immunity. While these immune enhancers are effective, their effectiveness is affected by factors such as application method, dosage, concentration, frequency, and ratio, requiring a high level of technical skill and experience from the operators. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a simple and stable method to enhance immunity in sea urchin farming. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve the above-mentioned technical problems by proposing a simple and effective method for cultivating sea urchins that can improve their immunity.

[0005] The technical solution of this invention is: a method for cultivating sea urchins that can improve their immunity, characterized in that: the cultivation method is carried out in the following steps in sequence:

[0006] First, thoroughly clean the tanks intended for sea urchin farming and disinfect them using standard methods. After disinfection, fill the tanks with seawater that has undergone two-stage filtration, with the primary filtration being sand filtration and the secondary filtration being 300-400 mesh filter bags.

[0007] Then, fine column algae ( ) were added to the pool. Cylindrotheca fusciformis Algal strains were introduced at a density of 5000-10000 cells / mL, along with Bacillus subtilis (…). Bacillus subtilus ) bacterial strains and Rhodopseudomonas palustris ( Rhodopseudomonas palustris The bacterial strains were all added at a concentration of 1000-10000 cfu / mL.

[0008] After introducing the algae and bacteria, let it stand for 24 hours, then perform a complete water change. After the complete water change, spray the first reagent into the tank, and then begin aeration cultivation. During the cultivation process, the light intensity should be 2000-4000 Lx, and the water should be completely changed every two days. After each water change, spray the first reagent into the tank. Stop cultivation after 7-8 complete water changes.

[0009] The first reagent is prepared from the following raw materials in the following mass ratio to the water in the pool:

[0010] Sodium nitrate: 10 g / t, potassium dihydrogen phosphate: 1 g / t, sodium silicate: 3 g / t, ferric ammonium citrate: 0.25 g / t

[0011] Finally, sea urchin seedlings can be introduced into the pool for seedling cultivation. During the seedling cultivation process, the light intensity is 2000-4000 Lx, while the stocking density, feeding, dissolved oxygen, temperature, salinity parameters, and water change cycle are all carried out according to conventional methods. After each water change, a second reagent should be added to the pool.

[0012] The second reagent is prepared from the following raw materials in the following mass ratio to the water in the pool:

[0013] Potassium dihydrogen phosphate: 1 g / t, sodium silicate: 3 g / t, ferric ammonium citrate: 0.25 g / t.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0015] This method for improving the immunity of sea urchins involves pre-cultivating a symbiotic system by adding algae (Cyclocarya stylosa) and bacteria (Bacillus subtilis and Rhodopseudomonas palustris) to the cultivation pond. During sea urchin cultivation, this symbiotic system is maintained by controlling light intensity and applying nutrients. Cultivating sea urchins under this symbiotic system significantly improves their immunity, thereby increasing the survival rate and growth rate of sea urchins. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a comparison chart of the proportion of deformed phagocytes between the experimental group and the control group.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a comparison chart of phagocytic rates between the experimental group and the control group.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a comparison chart of the phagocytic index between the experimental group and the control group.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a comparison chart of ammonia nitrogen levels between the experimental group and the control group.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a comparison chart of nitrite nitrogen content between the experimental group and the control group.

[0021] Figure 6 This is a comparison chart of the survival rates between the experimental group and the control group.

[0022] Figure 7 This is a comparison chart of the growth between the experimental group and the control group. Detailed Implementation

[0023] Specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Figures 1 to 7 As shown: Example

[0024] First, an experimental group and a control group were established. The experimental group was raised according to the method described in this invention, while the control group was raised according to traditional methods.

[0025] In the experimental group's cultivation process, the water tanks prepared for sea urchin cultivation were first thoroughly cleaned and disinfected using standard methods. After disinfection, the tanks were filled with seawater that had undergone two-stage filtration, with the primary filtration being sand filtration and the secondary filtration being 300-mesh filter bags.

[0026] Then, fine column algae ( ) were added to the pool. Cylindrotheca fusciformis Algal strains were introduced at a density of 10,000 cells / mL, along with Bacillus subtilis (…). Bacillus subtilus ) bacterial strains and Rhodopseudomonas palustris ( Rhodopseudomonas palustris The bacterial strains were all added at a concentration of 5000 cfu / mL.

[0027] Among them, Columnar algae ( Cylindrotheca fusciformis The algal strain is a commercially available product from the Freshwater Algae Culture Collection of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, product number: FACHB-2185; Bacillus subtilis ( Bacillus subtilus The bacterial strain is a commercially available product from Beijing Zhongke Quality Inspection Biotechnology Co., Ltd., product number: ZKCC-131; *Rhodopseudomonas palustris* ( Rhodopseudomonas palustris The bacterial strain is a commercially available product from Beijing Zhongke Quality Inspection Biotechnology Co., Ltd., with product number ZKCC-167.

[0028] After adding the algae and bacteria, let it stand for 24 hours, then perform a complete water change. After the complete water change, spray the first reagent into the tank, and then begin aeration cultivation. During the cultivation process, the light intensity is 2000-4000 Lx, and a complete water change is performed every two days. After each water change, spray the first reagent into the tank, continuing this process until seven complete water changes have been performed.

[0029] The first reagent is prepared from the following raw materials in the following mass ratio to the water in the pool:

[0030] Sodium nitrate: 10 g / t, potassium dihydrogen phosphate: 1 g / t, sodium silicate: 3 g / t, ferric ammonium citrate: 0.25 g / t

[0031] After seven complete water changes, sea urchin seedlings, 2cm in size, were introduced into the tank for seedling cultivation. During the cultivation process, the light intensity was 2000-4000 Lx, and the stocking density was 1 kg / m². 2 The fish were fed kelp throughout the entire process, and air stones were used to fill the tank with air to ensure dissolved oxygen levels. The culture temperature was 15-20℃, and the salinity was 28-31‰. The water was changed every two days, and a second reagent was added to the tank after each water change.

[0032] The second reagent is prepared from the following raw materials in the following mass ratio to the water in the pool:

[0033] Potassium dihydrogen phosphate: 1 g / t, sodium silicate: 3 g / t, ferric ammonium citrate: 0.25 g / t.

[0034] After 36 days of rearing, the parameters of the experimental group and the control group were analyzed, and the following results were obtained:

[0035] Proportion of deformed phagocytes: At the beginning of the experiment, the proportion of phagocytes in the experimental group was (40±1)%, significantly higher than that in the control group (34±1.7)% (P<0.05), an increase of 17.6%; at the fifth week, the proportion of phagocytes in the experimental group was (41±1)%, significantly higher than that in the control group (36±0)% (P<0.05), an increase of 13.9%. (e.g.) Figure 1 (As shown)

[0036] Phagocytosis rate and phagocytic index: At the two time points, the phagocytosis rates of the experimental group were (62.0±2.6)% and (62.0±2.0)%, respectively, both significantly higher than those of the control group (48.3±6.8)% and (45.3±5.0)% (P<0.05), with increases of 28.4% and 36.9%, respectively. (e.g.) Figure 2 (As shown)

[0037] Water quality analysis: In the third week of the experiment, water quality measurements showed that the ammonia nitrogen content in the control group was (0.34±0.01) mg / L, while the ammonia nitrogen content in the experimental group was (0.03±0.01) mg / L, with an ammonia nitrogen removal rate of 91.2%. The nitrite content in the control group was (0.0078±0.0038) mg / L, while the nitrite content in the experimental group was (0.0003±0.0009) mg / L, with a nitrite nitrogen removal rate of 96.2%. Figure 3 (As shown)

[0038] Survival rate: The survival rate of the experimental group was (97.8±1.9)%, significantly higher than that of the control group (58.8±22)% (P<0.05), with an increase of 66.3%. Figure 4 (As shown)

[0039] Growth status: After 36 days of rearing, the experimental group's body weight was 12.78±0.45 g, significantly higher than the control group's 11.92±0.99 g, representing an increase of 7.2%. Figure 5 (As shown)

[0040] In conclusion, the experimental group showed better performance in all indicators compared to the control group.

Claims

1. A method for cultivating sea urchins that can improve their immunity, characterized in that: The breeding method described herein shall be carried out in the following steps: First, thoroughly clean the tanks intended for sea urchin farming and disinfect them using standard methods. After disinfection, fill the tanks with seawater that has undergone two-stage filtration, with the primary filtration being sand filtration and the secondary filtration being 300-400 mesh filter bags. Then, fine column algae ( ) were added to the pool. Cylindrotheca fusciformis Algal strains were introduced at a density of 5000-10000 cells / mL, along with Bacillus subtilis (…). Bacillus subtilus ) bacterial strains and Rhodopseudomonas palustris ( Rhodopseudomonas palustris The bacterial strains were all added at a concentration of 1000-10000 cfu / mL. After introducing the algae and bacteria, let it stand for 24 hours, then perform a complete water change. After the complete water change, spray the first reagent into the tank, and then begin aeration cultivation. During the cultivation process, the light intensity should be 2000-4000 Lx, and the water should be completely changed every two days. After each water change, spray the first reagent into the tank. Stop cultivation after 7-8 complete water changes. The first reagent is prepared from the following raw materials in the following mass ratio to the water in the pool: Sodium nitrate: 10 g / t, potassium dihydrogen phosphate: 1 g / t, sodium silicate: 3 g / t, ferric ammonium citrate: 0.25 g / t Finally, sea urchin seedlings can be introduced into the pool for cultivation. During the cultivation process, the light intensity is 2000-4000 Lx, and the cultivation density, feeding, dissolved oxygen, temperature, salinity parameters, and water change cycle are all carried out according to conventional methods. After each water change, a second reagent must be added to the pool. The second reagent is prepared from the following raw materials in the following mass ratio to the water in the pool: Potassium dihydrogen phosphate: 1 g / t, sodium silicate: 3 g / t, ferric ammonium citrate: 0.25 g / t.

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