Exhaust gas aftertreatment system

Abstract

An exhaust aftertreatment system includes an exhaust duct, a mixer, and a plurality of flow disruptors. The exhaust duct is centered on a central axis and includes an inner surface. The mixer includes a mixer body and an upstream blade plate. The upstream blade plate has a plurality of upstream blades. At least one of the upstream blades is coupled to the mixer body. The flow disruptors are downstream of the mixer and are circumferentially disposed around the central axis of the duct. Each of the flow disruptors is coupled to or integrally formed with the exhaust duct. Each of the flow disruptors extends inwardly from its inner surface.

Description

[0001] Cross-referencing of related patent applications

[0002] This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 144,689, filed February 2, 2021, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] This disclosure generally relates to an exhaust aftertreatment system for an internal combustion engine. background

[0004] For internal combustion engine systems, it may be desirable to treat the exhaust gas produced by the combustion of fuel in the internal combustion engine. This exhaust gas can be treated using an aftertreatment system. One method that can be implemented in an aftertreatment system is to feed a reducing agent into the exhaust gas and pass the exhaust gas and reducing agent through a catalytic converter component. It may be desirable to create vortices between the exhaust gas and the reducing agent upstream of the catalytic converter component to increase the mixing of the exhaust gas and the reducing agent. However, in some applications, this vortex formation may not independently promote the ideal mixing of the exhaust gas and the reducing agent. Overview

[0005] In one embodiment, an exhaust aftertreatment system includes an exhaust duct, a mixer, and a plurality of flow disruptors. The exhaust duct is centered on a central axis and includes an inner surface. The mixer includes a mixer body and an upstream blade plate. The upstream blade plate has a plurality of upstream blades. At least one of the upstream blades is coupled to the mixer body. The flow disruptors are downstream of the mixer and circumferentially disposed around the central axis of the duct. Each of the flow disruptors is coupled to or integrally formed with the exhaust duct. Each of the flow disruptors extends inwardly from its inner surface.

[0006] In some embodiments, the mixer further includes: a processing fluid inlet disposed downstream of the upstream blade plate and configured to receive a processing fluid or an air-processing fluid mixture; and a mixer outlet configured to provide exhaust gas and the processing fluid or the air-processing fluid mixture to the exhaust duct; the mixer outlet is disposed along a mixer outlet plane; and , where d c S is the diameter of the exhaust duct, and S d It is the flow disruptor spacing between at least one of the flow disruptors along the central axis of the conduit and the mixer outlet plane.

[0007] In some embodiments, at least one of the flow disruptors is shaped as part of a semi-dome.

[0008] In some embodiments, the mixer further includes a mixer outlet configured to provide exhaust gas to the exhaust duct; the mixer outlet is disposed along a mixer outlet plane; and the flow disruptor includes: a first flow disruptor having a first downstream edge separated from the mixer outlet plane by a first spacing distance, and a second flow disruptor having a second downstream edge separated from the mixer outlet plane by a second spacing distance, the second spacing distance being equal to the first spacing distance.

[0009] In some embodiments, the exhaust aftertreatment system further includes an injector configured to deliver a treatment fluid or an air-treatment fluid mixture into the exhaust duct along an injection axis; wherein the first downstream edge includes a first center point that is angularly separated from the injection axis by a first angular distance; and wherein the second downstream edge includes a second center point that is angularly separated from the injection axis by a second angular distance, the second angular distance being greater than the first angular distance.

[0010] In some embodiments, the mixer further includes a process fluid inlet disposed downstream of the upstream blade plate, the process fluid inlet being configured to receive the process fluid or the air-process fluid mixture; and the mixer is configured such that the injection axis extends through the process fluid inlet.

[0011] In some embodiments, the exhaust aftertreatment system further includes an injector configured to supply a treatment fluid or air-treatment fluid mixture into the exhaust duct along an injection axis; wherein the first flow disruptor is aligned with the injection axis such that a plane along which the injection axis extends divides the first flow disruptor in two.

[0012] In some embodiments, the second flow disruptor is aligned with the jet axis such that the plane divides the second flow disruptor in two.

[0013] In some embodiments, the exhaust aftertreatment system further includes: an upstream flange coupled to the mixer body, the upstream flange facilitating separation of the mixer body from the exhaust duct, the upstream flange including a plurality of upstream flange holes, each of the upstream flange holes facilitating exhaust gas passage through the upstream flange, the upstream flange extending along a first plane; and a perforated plate disposed downstream of the mixer, the perforated plate including a plurality of perforations, each of the perforations facilitating exhaust gas passage through the perforated plate, the perforated plate extending along a second plane parallel to the first plane.

[0014] In some embodiments, the flow disruptor includes: a first flow disruptor having a first downstream edge, the first downstream edge having a first center point, the first center point being separated from the exhaust duct by a first radial height h. r1 and a second flow disruptor, the second flow disruptor having a second downstream edge, the second downstream edge having a second center point, the second center point being separated from the exhaust duct by a second radial height h. r2 The first flow disruptor is configured to cause , where d c It is the diameter of the exhaust duct; and the second flow disruptor is configured such that .

[0015] In some embodiments, the first flow disruptor and the second flow disruptor are configured such that h r1 =h r2 .

[0016] In another embodiment, the exhaust aftertreatment system includes an exhaust duct, a mixer, a perforated plate, and a first flow disruptor. The exhaust duct is centered on its central axis. The mixer includes a mixer body and an upstream bladed plate. The upstream bladed plate has a plurality of upstream blades. At least one of the upstream blades is coupled to the mixer body. The perforated plate is coupled to the exhaust duct and is disposed downstream of the mixer. The perforated plate includes a plurality of perforations, each perforation configured to facilitate exhaust gas flow through the perforated plate. The first flow disruptor is coupled to or integrally formed with the perforated plate. The first flow disruptor extends toward the central axis of the duct.

[0017] In some embodiments, the exhaust aftertreatment system further includes: a second flow disruptor coupled to or integrally formed with the perforated plate, the second flow disruptor extending toward the central axis of the duct; wherein the perforated plate extends between the first flow disruptor and the second flow disruptor, and separates the first flow disruptor from the second flow disruptor.

[0018] In some embodiments, at least a portion of the first flow disruptor is disposed upstream of the perforation.

[0019] In some embodiments, the perforation includes: a plurality of first perforations, each of the first perforations having a first diameter; a plurality of second perforations, each of the second perforations having a second diameter greater than the first diameter; and a plurality of third perforations, each of the third perforations having a third diameter greater than the second diameter; and the second perforation is disposed between the first perforations and the third perforations.

[0020] In another embodiment, the exhaust aftertreatment system includes an exhaust duct, a mixer, a perforated plate, and a flow disruptor. The exhaust duct is centered on a central axis and includes an inner surface. The mixer includes a mixer outlet disposed along a mixer outlet plane. The perforated plate is coupled to the exhaust duct and is disposed downstream of the mixer. The perforated plate includes a plurality of perforations, each configured to facilitate exhaust gas flow through the perforated plate. The flow disruptor is downstream of the mixer and circumferentially disposed around the central axis of the duct. The flow disruptor extends inwardly from the inner surface. The flow disruptor is configured such that: , where d c It is the diameter of the exhaust duct, and S d It is the spacing between the flow disruptors along the central axis of the conduit between the flow disruptor and the mixer outlet plane; and , where h r It is the height of the flow disruptor from the center point of the exhaust duct to the downstream edge of the flow disruptor. Flow disruptor: coupled to the exhaust duct; integrally formed with the exhaust duct; coupled to the perforated plate; or integrally formed with the perforated plate.

[0021] In some embodiments, the flow disruptor is shaped as part of a semi-dome.

[0022] In some embodiments, the flow disruptor is positioned upstream of the perforation.

[0023] In some embodiments, the exhaust aftertreatment system further includes: an injector configured to provide a treatment fluid or an air-treatment fluid mixture into the exhaust duct along an injection axis; wherein the flow disruptor is aligned with the injection axis such that a plane along which the injection axis extends divides the flow disruptor in two.

[0024] In some embodiments, the mixer further includes a processing fluid inlet configured to receive the processing fluid or the air-processing fluid mixture; and the mixer is configured such that the jet axis extends through the processing fluid inlet. Brief description of the attached diagram

[0025] This disclosure will be more fully understood from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein, unless otherwise indicated, similar reference numerals denote similar elements, wherein:

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an example exhaust aftertreatment system that includes a flow disruptor;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of a portion of an example exhaust aftertreatment system that includes a flow disruptor;

[0028] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Detailed view of detail A;

[0029] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 Rear view of a portion of the example exhaust aftertreatment system shown;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a perspective view of a portion of an example exhaust aftertreatment system that includes a flow disruptor;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a perspective view of a portion of an example exhaust aftertreatment system that includes a flow disruptor;

[0032] Figure 7 This is a perspective view of a portion of an example exhaust aftertreatment system that includes a flow disruptor;

[0033] Figure 8 This is a perspective view of a portion of an example exhaust aftertreatment system that includes a flow disruptor;

[0034] Figure 9 This is a perspective view of a portion of an example exhaust aftertreatment system that includes a flow disruptor;

[0035] Figure 10 This is a perspective view of a portion of an example exhaust aftertreatment system that includes a flow disruptor;

[0036] Figure 11 This is a perspective view of a portion of an example exhaust aftertreatment system that includes a flow disruptor;

[0037] Figure 12 This is a perspective view of a portion of an example exhaust aftertreatment system that includes a flow disruptor;

[0038] Figure 13 This is a perspective view of a portion of an example exhaust aftertreatment system that includes a flow disruptor;

[0039] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of an example exhaust aftertreatment system that includes a flow disruptor;

[0040] Figure 15 This is a cross-sectional view of a portion of an example exhaust aftertreatment system that includes a flow disruptor;

[0041] Figure 16 yes Figure 15 Detailed view of detail B;

[0042] Figure 17 yes Figure 15 Rear view of a portion of the example exhaust aftertreatment system shown;

[0043] Figure 18 This is a perspective view of a portion of an example exhaust aftertreatment system, including a flow disruptor; and

[0044] Figure 19 This is a perspective view of a portion of an example exhaust aftertreatment system that includes a flow disruptor.

[0045] It should be recognized that these drawings are schematic representations for illustrative purposes. The purpose of providing the drawings is to illustrate one or more implementations, and it should be clearly understood that the drawings are not intended to limit the scope or meaning of the claims. Detailed description

[0046] The following is a more detailed description of various concepts and their implementations related to methods and devices for providing flow disruptors for exhaust aftertreatment systems of internal combustion engines. The various concepts introduced above and discussed in more detail below can be implemented in any of a variety of ways, as the described concepts are not limited to any particular implementation. Examples of specific implementations and applications are provided primarily for illustrative purposes.

[0047] I. Overview

[0048] To reduce emissions, it may be desirable to treat exhaust gases using an aftertreatment system that includes at least one aftertreatment component. This can be accomplished using a treatment fluid. The treatment of exhaust gases can be enhanced by increasing the uniformity of the treatment fluid's distribution within the exhaust gas.

[0049] Various devices can be used to increase the uniformity of the treatment fluid distribution in the exhaust gas. For example, devices can be used to create vortices in the exhaust gas. However, the uniformity of the treatment fluid distribution in the exhaust gas can be further increased by providing a mechanism to disrupt the flow after vortex formation has begun.

[0050] This paper relates to an exhaust aftertreatment system that includes a flow disruptor located downstream of a mixer. After the mixer creates vortices between the exhaust gas and the treated fluid, the exhaust gas flows toward the flow disruptor. The flow disruptor breaks up the vortices and tumbles the exhaust gas. This tumbling provides a second mechanism for increasing the uniformity of the treated fluid distribution in the exhaust gas, and allows the mixer to achieve greater uniformity of the treated fluid distribution in the exhaust gas compared to other systems without such a flow disruptor.

[0051] In some implementations described herein, the flow disruptor is coupled to or integrally formed with the exhaust duct. For example, the flow disruptor can be attached to the exhaust duct by welding. In other implementations described herein, the flow disruptor is coupled to or integrally formed with a perforated plate. The perforated plate includes multiple perforations for straightening the exhaust flow after it has been tumbled by the flow disruptor. In these ways, the exhaust aftertreatment system described herein is able to treat exhaust more effectively than other systems without such a flow disruptor.

[0052] II. Overview of the First Example Exhaust Aftertreatment System

[0053] Figure 1 An exhaust aftertreatment system 100 (e.g., a treatment system, etc.) for treating exhaust gases produced by internal combustion engines (e.g., diesel internal combustion engines, gasoline internal combustion engines, hybrid internal combustion engines, propane internal combustion engines, dual-fuel internal combustion engines, etc.) is described. As explained in more detail herein, the exhaust aftertreatment system 100 is configured to facilitate the treatment of exhaust gases. This treatment facilitates the removal of undesirable components in the exhaust gases (e.g., nitrogen oxides (NOx)). x This treatment can reduce emissions such as carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbons, etc. It can also, or alternatively, promote the conversion of various oxidizing components of exhaust gas (e.g., carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbons, etc.) into other components (e.g., carbon dioxide (CO2), water vapor, etc.). This treatment can also, or alternatively, promote the removal of particulate matter (e.g., soot, particulate matter, etc.) from exhaust gas.

[0054] The exhaust aftertreatment system 100 includes an exhaust duct system 102 (e.g., a pipeline system, piping system, etc.). The exhaust duct system 102 is configured to facilitate the guidance of exhaust gas generated by the internal combustion engine through the exhaust aftertreatment system 100 and to the atmosphere (e.g., the surrounding environment, etc.).

[0055] The exhaust duct system 102 includes an inlet duct 104 (e.g., a line, conduit, etc.). The inlet duct 104 is fluidly coupled to an upstream component (e.g., a header on an internal combustion engine, an exhaust manifold on an internal combustion engine, an internal combustion engine, etc.) and configured to receive exhaust gas from the upstream component. In some embodiments, the inlet duct 104 is coupled (e.g., attached, fixed, welded, fastened, riveted, adhesively attached, joined, pinned, etc.) to the upstream component. In other embodiments, the inlet duct 104 is integrally formed with the upstream component. The inlet duct 104 is centered on a duct central axis 105 (e.g., the duct central axis 105 extends through the center point of the inlet duct 104, etc.). As used herein, the term "axis" describes a theoretical line extending through the center of mass (e.g., center of mass, etc.) of an object. The object is centered on this axis. The object is not necessarily cylindrical (e.g., non-cylindrical shapes may be centered on the axis, etc.).

[0056] The exhaust duct system 102 also includes an inlet duct 106 (e.g., a decomposition shell, decomposition reactor, decomposition chamber, reactor line, decomposition tube, reactor tube, hydrocarbon inlet shell, etc.). The inlet duct 106 is fluidly coupled to the inlet duct 104 and configured to receive exhaust gas from the inlet duct 104. In various embodiments, the inlet duct 106 is coupled to the inlet duct 104. For example, the inlet duct 106 may be fastened, welded, riveted, or otherwise attached to the inlet duct 104 (e.g., using a strap, bolts, twist-lock fasteners, threads, etc.). In other embodiments, the inlet duct 106 is integrally formed with the inlet duct 104. As used herein, the terms “fastened,” “fastening,” etc., describe two structures attached (e.g., connected), such that, during or after “fastening,” the two structures can still be detached (e.g., separated), without damaging or destroying one or both of the structures. In some embodiments, the inlet conduit 104 is the inlet conduit 106 (e.g., only the inlet conduit 104 is included in the exhaust conduit system 102, and the inlet conduit 104 serves as both the inlet conduit 104 and the inlet conduit 106). The inlet conduit 106 is centered on a conduit central axis 105 (e.g., the conduit central axis 105 extends through the center point of the inlet conduit 106, etc.). The inlet conduit 106 has a conduit diameter d. c The diameter d of the conduit c It can be selected to make the exhaust aftertreatment system 100 customized for the target application.

[0057] The exhaust aftertreatment system 100 also includes a treatment fluid delivery system 108. As explained in more detail herein, the treatment fluid delivery system 108 is configured to facilitate the introduction of treatment fluids (e.g., reducing agents (e.g., diesel exhaust fluid (DEF), Adblue®, urea aqueous solution (UWS), aqueous urea solution, AUS32, etc.) or hydrocarbons (e.g., fuel, oil, additives, etc.)) into the exhaust. When a reducing agent is introduced into the exhaust, it can promote the reduction of undesirable components in the exhaust. When hydrocarbons are introduced into the exhaust, the temperature of the exhaust can be increased (e.g., thereby promoting the regeneration of components of the exhaust aftertreatment system 100, etc.). For example, the temperature of the exhaust can be increased by burning hydrocarbons in the exhaust (e.g., using spark plugs, etc.).

[0058] The processing fluid delivery system 108 includes a dispensing module 110 (e.g., a dispenser, reducing agent dispenser, hydrocarbon dispenser, etc.). The dispensing module 110 is configured to facilitate the passage and entry of the processing fluid through and into the inlet conduit 106. The dispensing module 110 may include a spacer between a portion of the dispensing module 110 and a portion of the inlet conduit 106 on which the dispensing module 110 is mounted. In various embodiments, the dispensing module 110 is coupled to the inlet conduit 106.

[0059] The processing fluid delivery system 108 also includes a processing fluid source 112 (e.g., a reducing agent tank, a hydrocarbon tank, etc.). The processing fluid source 112 is configured to contain processing fluid. The processing fluid source 112 is fluidly coupled to the dispensing module 110 and configured to supply processing fluid to the dispensing module 110. The processing fluid source 112 may include multiple processing fluid sources 112 (e.g., multiple tanks connected in series or parallel). The processing fluid source 112 may, for example, contain Adblue. ® The diesel engine exhaust fluid tank or the fuel tank containing fuel.

[0060] The process fluid delivery system 108 also includes a process fluid pump 114 (e.g., a supply unit, etc.). The process fluid pump 114 is fluidly coupled to a process fluid source 112 and a dispensing module 110, and is configured to receive process fluid from the process fluid source 112 and supply process fluid to the dispensing module 110. The process fluid pump 114 is used to pressurize the process fluid from the process fluid source 112 to deliver it to the dispensing module 110. In some embodiments, the process fluid pump 114 is pressure-controlled. In some embodiments, the process fluid pump 114 is coupled to the chassis of a vehicle associated with the exhaust aftertreatment system 100.

[0061] In some embodiments, the processing fluid delivery system 108 further includes a processing fluid filter 116. The processing fluid filter 116 is fluidly coupled to the processing fluid source 112 and the processing fluid pump 114, and is configured to receive processing fluid from the processing fluid source 112 and supply processing fluid to the processing fluid pump 114. The processing fluid filter 116 filters the processing fluid before supplying it to the internal components of the processing fluid pump 114. For example, the processing fluid filter 116 may inhibit or prevent solids from being transported to the internal components of the processing fluid pump 114. In this way, the processing fluid filter 116 may facilitate an extension of the desired operating time of the processing fluid pump 114.

[0062] The dispensing module 110 includes at least one injector 118 (e.g., an injection device, etc.). The injector 118 is fluidly coupled to the processing fluid pump 114 and configured to receive processing fluid from the processing fluid pump 114. The injector 118 is configured to dispense (e.g., spray, inject, etc.) the processing fluid received by the dispensing module 110 along a spray axis 119 (e.g., within a spray cone centered on the spray axis 119, etc.) into an exhaust gas within an inlet conduit 106.

[0063] In some embodiments, the processed fluid delivery system 108 further includes an air pump 120 and an air source 122 (e.g., an air inlet, etc.). The air pump 120 is fluidly coupled to the air source 122 and configured to receive air from the air source 122. The air pump 120 is also fluidly coupled to a dispensing module 110 and configured to supply air to the dispensing module 110. In some applications, the dispensing module 110 is configured to mix air and processed fluid into an air-processed fluid mixture and supply the air-processed fluid mixture to an injector 118 (e.g., for dispensing to exhaust gas within the inlet duct 106, etc.). The injector 118 is fluidly coupled to the air pump 120 and configured to receive air from the air pump 120. The injector 118 is configured to dispense the air-processed fluid mixture to exhaust gas within the inlet duct 106. In some of these embodiments, the processed fluid delivery system 108 also includes an air filter 124. Air filter 124 is fluidly coupled to air source 122 and air pump 120, and is configured to receive air from air source 122 and supply air to air pump 120. Air filter 124 is configured to filter air before it is supplied to air pump 120. In other embodiments, the process fluid delivery system 108 does not include air pump 120 and / or the process fluid delivery system 108 does not include air source 122. In such embodiments, dispensing module 110 is not configured to mix process fluid with air.

[0064] In various embodiments, the dispensing module 110 is configured to receive air and liquid and dispense an air-treatment fluid mixture into the inlet conduit 106. In various embodiments, the dispensing module 110 is configured to receive treatment fluid (but not air) and dispense the treatment fluid into the inlet conduit 106. In various embodiments, the dispensing module 110 is configured to receive treatment fluid and dispense the treatment fluid into the inlet conduit 106. In various embodiments, the dispensing module 110 is configured to receive air and treatment fluid and dispense an air-treatment fluid mixture into the inlet conduit 106.

[0065] The exhaust aftertreatment system 100 also includes a controller 126 (e.g., control circuitry, a driver, etc.). The dispensing module 110, the process fluid pump 114, and the air pump 120 are also electrically or communicatively coupled to the controller 126. The controller 126 is configured to control the dispensing module 110 to dispense process fluid or an air-process fluid mixture into the inlet conduit 106. The controller 126 may also be configured to control the process fluid pump 114 and / or the air pump 120 to control the process fluid or air-process fluid mixture dispensed into the inlet conduit 106.

[0066] Controller 126 includes processing circuitry 128. Processing circuitry 128 includes processor 130 and memory 132. Processor 130 may include a microprocessor, application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or combinations thereof. Memory 132 may include, but is not limited to, electronic, optical, magnetic, or any other storage or transmission device capable of providing program instructions to the processor, ASIC, FPGA, etc. Memory 132 may include memory chips, electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), flash memory, or any other suitable memory from which controller 126 can read instructions. Instructions may include code in any suitable programming language. Memory 132 may include various modules that include instructions configured to be implemented by processor 130.

[0067] In various embodiments, controller 126 is configured to communicate with a central controller 134 (e.g., engine control unit (ECU), engine control module (ECM), etc.) of an internal combustion engine having an exhaust aftertreatment system 100. In some embodiments, central controller 134 and controller 126 are integrated into a single controller.

[0068] In some embodiments, the central controller 134 may communicate with a display device (e.g., a screen, monitor, touchscreen, head-up display (HUD), indicator light, etc.). The display device may be configured to change its state in response to receiving information from the central controller 134. For example, the display device may be configured to change between a static state and an alarm state based on communication from the central controller 134. By changing the state, the display device may provide the user with an indication of the status of the processed fluid delivery system 108.

[0069] The exhaust aftertreatment system 100 also includes a mixer 136 (e.g., a vortex generator, etc.). At least a portion of the mixer 136 is positioned within an inlet duct 106. In some embodiments, a first portion of the mixer 136 is positioned within an inlet duct 104, and a second portion of the mixer 136 is positioned within an inlet duct 106.

[0070] Mixer 136 receives exhaust gas from inlet duct 104 (e.g., via inlet duct 106, etc.). Mixer 136 also receives treatment liquid or air-treatment liquid mixture received from injector 118. Mixer 136 is configured to mix the treatment liquid or air-treatment liquid mixture with the exhaust gas. Mixer 136 is also configured to promote the formation of vortices (e.g., rotation, etc.) in the exhaust gas and the mixing (e.g., combination, etc.) of the exhaust gas with the treatment liquid or air-treatment liquid mixture, so as to disperse the treatment liquid in the exhaust gas downstream of mixer 136 (e.g., thereby obtaining an improved uniformity index, etc.). By using mixer 136 to disperse the treatment liquid in the exhaust gas, the reduction of emissions containing undesirable components in the exhaust gas is enhanced and / or the ability of exhaust gas aftertreatment system 100 to increase exhaust gas temperature can be enhanced.

[0071] Mixer 136 includes a mixer body 138 (e.g., a shell, frame, etc.). Mixer body 138 is supported within inlet catheter 104 and / or inlet catheter 106. In various embodiments, mixer body 138 is centered on catheter central axis 105 (e.g., catheter central axis 105 extends through the center point of mixer body 138, etc.). In other embodiments, mixer body 138 is centered on an axis separate from catheter central axis 105. For example, mixer body 138 may be centered on an axis separate from and generally (e.g., within 5%) parallel to catheter central axis 105. In another example, mixer body 138 may be centered on an axis intersecting catheter central axis 105 and (e.g., when viewed in a plane along which the axis and catheter central axis 105 extend, etc.) this axis is angled relative to catheter central axis 105.

[0072] The mixer body 138 includes a mixer inlet 140 (e.g., an inlet orifice, inlet opening, etc.). The mixer inlet 140 receives exhaust gas (e.g., from inlet conduit 104, etc.). The mixer body 138 defines (e.g., partially closed, etc.) a mixer cavity 142 (e.g., a void, etc.). The mixer cavity 142 receives exhaust gas from the mixer inlet 140. As described in more detail herein, the exhaust gas is caused to form a vortex within the mixer body 138.

[0073] Mixer 136 also includes an upstream blade plate 144 (e.g., an upstream mixing element, mixing plate, etc.). The upstream blade plate 144 is coupled to the mixer body 138 and disposed within the mixer cavity 142. In some embodiments, the upstream blade plate 144 is coupled to the mixer body 138 near the mixer inlet 140.

[0074] The upstream blade plate 144 includes a plurality of upstream blades 146 (e.g., plates, fins, etc.). Each upstream blade 146 extends within a mixer cavity 142 to create vortices in the exhaust gas within the mixer cavity 142 (e.g., downstream of the upstream blade plate 144, etc.). At least one of the upstream blades 146 is coupled to a mixer body 138. For example, the edge of one of the upstream blades 146 may be coupled to the mixer body 138 (e.g., using spot welding, etc.).

[0075] In various embodiments, each upstream blade 146 is coupled to an upstream blade hub 148 (e.g., a central post, etc.). For example, the upstream blade 146 may be coupled to the upstream blade hub 148 such that the upstream blade plate 144 is rotationally symmetrical about the upstream blade hub 148. In various embodiments, the upstream blade hub 148 is centered on the duct central axis 105 (e.g., the duct central axis 105 extends through the center point of the upstream blade hub 148, etc.).

[0076] The upstream blade plate 144 defines a plurality of upstream blade holes 150 (e.g., windows, openings, etc.). Each upstream blade hole 150 is located between two adjacent upstream blades 146. For example, in the case where the upstream blade plate 144 includes four upstream blades 146, the upstream blade plate 144 includes four upstream blade holes 150 (e.g., a first upstream blade hole 150 between the first and second upstream blades 146, a second upstream blade hole 150 between the second and third upstream blades 146, a third upstream blade hole 150 between the third and fourth upstream blades 146, and a fourth upstream blade hole 150 between the fourth and first upstream blades 146). In various embodiments, the upstream blade plate 144 includes the same number of upstream blades 146 and upstream blade holes 150.

[0077] The mixer body 138 also includes a treatment fluid inlet 152 (e.g., an orifice, window, orifice, etc.). The treatment fluid inlet 152 is aligned with the injector 118, and the mixer body 138 is configured to receive a treatment fluid or air-treatment fluid mixture through the treatment fluid inlet 152. The treatment fluid inlet 152 is located downstream of the upstream blade plate 144. As a result, the treatment fluid or air-treatment fluid mixture flows out of the injector 118, between the mixer body 138 and the inlet conduit 106, through the treatment fluid inlet 152, through the mixer body 138, and into the mixer cavity 142 (e.g., downstream of the upstream blade plate 144, etc.). The injection axis 119 extends through the treatment fluid inlet 152.

[0078] The mixer 136 also includes a downstream blade plate 154 (e.g., a downstream mixing element, mixing plate, etc.). The downstream blade plate 154 is coupled to the mixer body 138 and disposed within the mixer cavity 142. In various embodiments, the downstream blade plate 154 is coupled to the mixer body 138 downstream of the processed liquid inlet 152, such that the processed liquid inlet 152 is located between the upstream blade plate 144 and the downstream blade plate 154.

[0079] The downstream blade plate 154 includes a plurality of downstream blades 156 (e.g., plates, fins, etc.). Each downstream blade 156 extends within the mixer cavity 142 to create vortices in the exhaust gas within the mixer cavity 142 (e.g., downstream of the downstream blade plate 154, etc.). At least one of the downstream blades 156 is coupled to the mixer body 138. For example, the edge of one of the downstream blades 156 may be coupled to the mixer body 138 (e.g., using spot welding, etc.).

[0080] Compared to the upstream blades 146 included in the upstream blade plate 144, the downstream blade plate 154 may include more, fewer, or the same number of downstream blades 156. For example, if the upstream blade plate 144 includes five upstream blades 146, the downstream blade plate 154 may include three, four, five, six, or other numbers of downstream blades 156.

[0081] In various embodiments, each downstream blade 156 is coupled to a downstream blade hub 158 (e.g., a central post, etc.). For example, the downstream blade 156 may be coupled to the downstream blade hub 158 such that the downstream blade plate 154 is rotationally symmetrical about the downstream blade hub 158. In various embodiments, the downstream blade hub 158 is centered on a duct central axis 105 (e.g., the duct central axis 105 extends through the center point of the downstream blade hub 158, etc.). In some embodiments, the downstream blade hub 158 is centered on an axis different from the axis centered on the upstream blade hub 148. For example, the downstream blade hub 158 may be centered on an axis that is substantially parallel to and separate from the axis centered on the upstream blade hub 148.

[0082] Downstream blade plate 154 defines a plurality of downstream blade holes 160 (e.g., windows, openings, etc.). Each downstream blade hole 160 is located between two adjacent downstream blades 156. For example, in the case where downstream blade plate 154 includes four downstream blades 156, downstream blade plate 154 includes four downstream blade holes 160 (e.g., a first downstream blade hole 160 between a first downstream blade 156 and a second downstream blade 156, a second downstream blade hole 160 between a second downstream blade 156 and a third downstream blade 156, a third downstream blade hole 160 between a third downstream blade 156 and a fourth downstream blade 156, and a fourth downstream blade hole 160 between a fourth downstream blade 156 and a first downstream blade 156). In various embodiments, downstream blade plate 154 includes the same number of downstream blades 156 and downstream blade holes 160.

[0083] The mixer 136 also includes a shroud 162 (e.g., a cover, etc.). The shroud 162 is adjacent to the mixer body 138 and extends from the mixer body 138 toward the conduit central axis 105. The shroud 162 is used to collect (e.g., concentrate, guide, etc.) exhaust gas toward the conduit central axis 105.

[0084] The shroud 162 includes a mixer outlet 164 (e.g., an outlet orifice, an outlet opening, etc.). The mixer outlet 164 supplies exhaust gas from the shroud 162 and thus from the mixer body 138. Due to the upstream blade plate 144 and the downstream blade plate 154, the exhaust gas leaving the mixer outlet 164 forms a vortex.

[0085] The mixer outlet 164 is disposed along the mixer outlet plane 165. The conduit central axis 105 extends through the mixer outlet plane 165. In various embodiments, the conduit central axis 105 is orthogonal to the mixer outlet plane 165.

[0086] The exhaust aftertreatment system 100 also includes an upstream flange 168 (e.g., a panel, coupler, ring, etc.). The upstream flange 168 is coupled to the mixer body 138 near the mixer inlet 140. The upstream flange 168 is also coupled to the inlet duct 106. The upstream flange 168 serves to separate the mixer body 138 from the inlet duct 106 and to support the mixer 136 within the inlet duct 106.

[0087] In various embodiments, the upstream flange 168 includes a plurality of upstream flange holes 170 (e.g., windows, openings, etc.). Each upstream flange hole 170 is configured to facilitate exhaust gas flow through the upstream flange 168. Thus, exhaust gas can flow between the mixer body 138 and the inlet conduit 106.

[0088] At least a portion of the exhaust gas flowing between the mixer body 138 and the inlet conduit 106 enters the mixer body 138 via the treated liquid inlet 152. For example, the exhaust gas flowing through the mixer body 138 can create a vacuum at the treated liquid inlet 152, and this vacuum can draw the exhaust gas flowing between the mixer body 138 and the inlet conduit 106 into the mixer body 138 via the treated liquid inlet 152. The exhaust gas entering the mixer body via the treated liquid inlet 152 can help propel the treated liquid and / or air-treated liquid mixture supplied by the injector 118 into the mixer chamber 142 (e.g., between the upstream blade plate 144 and the downstream blade plate 154, etc.).

[0089] The exhaust aftertreatment system 100 also includes a midstream flange 172 (e.g., a panel, coupler, ring, etc.). The midstream flange 172 is coupled downstream of the treated fluid inlet 152 to the mixer body 138. The midstream flange 172 is also coupled to the inlet conduit 106. The midstream flange 172 serves to separate the mixer body 138 from the inlet conduit 106 and to support the mixer 136 within the inlet conduit 106.

[0090] In various embodiments, the midstream flange 172 is configured to prevent exhaust gas and treated fluid and / or air-treated fluid mixtures from flowing between the mixer body 138 and the inlet conduit 106 (e.g., less than 1% of the exhaust gas and treated fluid and / or air-treated fluid mixture flowing between the mixer body 138 and the inlet conduit 106 flows between the midstream flange 172 and the mixer body 138, and between the midstream flange 172 and the inlet conduit 106, etc.). In this way, the midstream flange 172 is used to guide the exhaust gas and treated fluid and / or air-treated fluid mixture flowing between the mixer body 138 and the inlet conduit 106 into the mixer body 138 via the treated fluid inlet 152 (e.g., instead of using holes or the like formed in the midstream flange 172 to facilitate bypassing the mixer body 138).

[0091] In some embodiments, the midstream flange 172 includes orifices similar to those of the upstream flange orifice 170. In these embodiments, these orifices are configured to facilitate the flow of exhaust gas and treatment fluid and / or air-treatment fluid mixture through the midstream flange 172.

[0092] The exhaust aftertreatment system 100 also includes a downstream flange 174 (e.g., a panel, coupler, ring, etc.). The downstream flange 174 is coupled to a shroud 162. The downstream flange 174 is also coupled to an inlet duct 106. The downstream flange 174 serves to separate the shroud 162 from the inlet duct 106 and to support the mixer 136 within the inlet duct 106.

[0093] In various embodiments, the downstream flange 174 is configured to prevent the flow of exhaust gas and treated fluid and / or air-treated fluid mixture between the shroud 162 and the inlet conduit 106 (e.g., less than 1% of the exhaust gas and treated fluid and / or air-treated fluid mixture flowing between the mixer body 138 and the inlet conduit 106 flows between the downstream flange 174 and the mixer body 138, and between the downstream flange 174 and the inlet conduit 106, etc.). In this way, the downstream flange 174 serves to prevent the exhaust gas and treated fluid and / or air-treated fluid mixture leaving the mixer outlet 164 from flowing upstream toward the mixer inlet 140 back.

[0094] The exhaust duct system 102 also includes a delivery duct 175. The delivery duct 175 is fluidly coupled to the inlet duct 106 and configured to receive exhaust gas from the inlet duct 106. In various embodiments, the delivery duct 175 is coupled to the inlet duct 106. For example, the delivery duct 175 may be fastened, welded, riveted, or otherwise attached to the inlet duct 106 (e.g., using a belt, bolts, twist-lock fasteners, threads, etc.). In other embodiments, the delivery duct 175 is integrally formed with the inlet duct 106. In some embodiments, the inlet duct 106 is the same as the delivery duct 175 (e.g., only the inlet duct 106 is included in the exhaust duct system 102, and the inlet duct 106 serves as both the inlet duct 106 and the delivery duct 175). The delivery duct 175 is centered on a duct central axis 105 (e.g., the duct central axis 105 extends through the center point of the delivery duct 175, etc.).

[0095] The exhaust aftertreatment system 100 also includes one or more flow disruptors 176 (e.g., flow disruptors, protrusions, projections, protuberances, ribs, fins, guides, etc.). Each flow disruptor 176 is coupled to or integrally formed with the delivery conduit 175. For example, the flow disruptor 176 may be welded or fastened to the delivery conduit 175. In another embodiment, the flow disruptor 176 is formed in the delivery conduit 175 by a bending process that bends a portion of the delivery conduit 175 toward the conduit's central axis 105.

[0096] Each flow disruptor 176 extends inward from the inner surface 177 (e.g., a face, etc.) of the delivery conduit 175 (e.g., a protrusion, projection, etc.). This causes the exhaust gas flowing within the delivery conduit 175 to flow around the flow disruptor 176. By flowing around the flow disruptor 176, the vortex of the exhaust gas supplied by the mixer 136 is disrupted (e.g., broken, etc.). This disruption causes the exhaust gas to tumble (e.g., mix, etc.) downstream of the flow disruptor 176. In addition to the vortex provided by the mixer 136, this tumbling provides another mechanism for mixing the exhaust gas with the treatment fluid and / or air-treatment fluid mixture. By configuring the flow disruptors 176 differently, targeted mixing of the exhaust gas with the treatment fluid and / or air-treatment fluid mixture can be achieved.

[0097] Therefore, compared to other mixing devices, the flow disruptor 176 can improve the uniformity index (UI) of the treated fluid in the exhaust gas without significantly increasing the pressure drop caused by the mixer 136, the film on the wall of the mixer 136, or deposits formed by the mixer 136. Furthermore, the configuration of the flow disruptor 176 can be selected to minimize manufacturing requirements and reduce the weight and low-frequency operation of the mixer 136 compared to other mixing devices. Moreover, the mixer 136 can be configured differently while utilizing the flow disruptor 176 (e.g., the flow disruptor 176 substantially does not limit the configuration of the mixer 136, etc.). For example, the flow disruptor 176 can achieve various sizes of the upstream flange orifice 170 to further reduce the pressure drop.

[0098] Furthermore, the downstream edge of each flow disruptor 176 is separated from the mixer outlet plane 165 by the flow disruptor spacing S. d For each flow disruptor 176, the flow disruptor spacing S d It can be independently selected to allow the exhaust aftertreatment system 100 to be customized for a target application.

[0099] Flow disruptor spacing S d It can be based on the catheter diameter d c To select. For example, the flow disruptor 176 can be configured such that the flow disruptor spacing S d All are approximately equal to 0.10d c With 0.30d C Between, including 0.10d c and 0.30d c Including (e.g., 0.095d) c 0.10d c 0.13d c 0.15d c 0.20d c 0.25d c 0.30dc 0.315d c (etc.). In some applications, the flow disruptor 176 can be configured such that the flow disruptor spacing S d All are approximately equal to 0.13d c With 0.25d c Between, including 0.13d c and 0.25d c Including (e.g., 0.1235d) c 0.13d c 0.15d c 0.20d c 0.25d c 0.2625d c wait).

[0100] In some applications, such as Figure 1 As shown, the flow disruptor spacing S of all flow disruptors 176 d They are equal. In other embodiments, the flow disruptor spacing S of each of the flow disruptors 176 is equal. d The flow disruptor spacing S between the flow disruptor 176 and the other flow disruptors 176 in the flow disruptor 176 d Different. For example, four flow disruptors 176 may be staggered along the delivery conduit 175, wherein the first flow disruptor 176 has a first flow disruptor spacing S. d1 The second flow disruptor 176 has a second flow disruptor spacing of 1.05S. d1 The third flow disruptor 176 has a third flow disruptor spacing of 1.1S. d1 Furthermore, the fourth flow disruptor 176 has a fourth flow disruptor spacing of 1.15S. d1 .

[0101] Additionally, when measured along a plane orthogonal to the central axis 105 of the duct, the center point (e.g., apex, etc.) of each flow disruptor 176 can be angularly separated from the jet axis 119 by an angular separation α. s This plane may be approximately parallel to the plane along which the mixer outlet plane 165 and / or the jet axis 119 are arranged. The angular spacing α of each flow disruptor 176 s The angular spacing α can be independent of other flow disruptors 176. s The selection allows the exhaust aftertreatment system 100 to be customized for the target application. In various embodiments, the angular spacing α of each flow disruptor 176... sApproximately equal to between 0 degrees (°) and 270 degrees, including 0° and 270 degrees (e.g., 0°, 45°, 55°, 65°, 75°, 90°, 120°, 150°, 180°, 220°, 270°, 283.5°, etc.).

[0102] The exhaust aftertreatment system 100 also includes a perforated plate 178 (e.g., a straightening plate, flow straightener, etc.). The perforated plate 178 is coupled to a delivery conduit 175 downstream of each flow disruptor 176. The perforated plate 178 extends across the delivery conduit 175. In various embodiments, the perforated plate 178 extends along a plane generally parallel to the plane along which the upstream flange 168 extends, the plane along which the midstream flange 172 extends, and / or the plane along which the downstream flange 174 extends.

[0103] The perforated plate 178 includes a plurality of perforations 180 (e.g., holes, openings, windows, etc.). Each perforation 180 facilitates the passage of exhaust gas and treatment fluid and / or air-treatment fluid mixtures through the perforated plate 178. The perforated plate 178 is configured such that it substantially prevents the flow of exhaust gas and treatment fluid and / or air-treatment fluid mixtures between the perforated plate 178 and the delivery conduit 175 (e.g., less than 1% of the exhaust gas and treatment fluid and / or air-treatment fluid mixture flows between the perforated plate 178 and the delivery conduit 175, etc.).

[0104] The perforation 180 is used to straighten the flow of exhaust gas and treatment fluid and / or air-treatment fluid mixture downstream of the perforated plate 178. For example, the exhaust gas and treatment fluid and / or air-treatment fluid mixture may (e.g., due to flow disruptor 176, etc.) tumble upstream of the perforated plate 178, flow through the perforated plate 178 via the perforation 180, and then flow downstream of the perforated plate 178 along a relatively straight flow path.

[0105] The perforated plate 178 can be configured differently to be customized for a target application. For example, the number of perforations 180, the location of each perforation 180, and / or the size (e.g., diameter) of each perforation 180 can be individually selected, allowing the perforated plate 178 to be customized for the target application. By positioning the perforations 180 differently, exhaust gas and treatment fluid and / or air-treatment fluid mixtures can be guided to a target location downstream of the perforated plate 178 due to the straight flow path.

[0106] The exhaust aftertreatment system 100 also includes a catalyst component 182 (e.g., a conversion catalyst component, a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst component, a catalyst metal, etc.). The catalyst component 182 is coupled to a delivery conduit 175. For example, the catalyst component 182 may be disposed within a housing (e.g., a shell, sleeve, etc.) press-fitted into the delivery conduit 175.

[0107] In various embodiments, the catalyst component 182 is configured to use a reducing agent (e.g., via a catalytic reaction, etc.) to decompose components of the exhaust gas. In these embodiments, the treatment fluid provided by the dispensing module 110 is a reducing agent. Specifically, the reducing agent provided to the exhaust gas by the injector 118 undergoes evaporation, pyrolysis, and hydrolysis processes to form non-NOx compounds within the delivery duct 175 and / or the catalyst component 182. X The emissions. Thus, the catalytic converter component 182 is configured to accelerate the reaction of NO in the reducing agent and exhaust gas. X NO between X The reduction process helps to reduce NO X The emissions are reduced to diatomic nitrogen, water, and / or carbon dioxide. Catalyst component 182 may include, for example, platinum, rhodium, palladium, or other similar materials. In some embodiments, catalyst component 182 is a ceramic conversion catalyst component.

[0108] In various embodiments, catalyst component 182 is configured to oxidize hydrocarbons and / or carbon monoxide in exhaust gas and aftertreatment fluid and / or air-treatment fluid mixtures. In these embodiments, catalyst component 182 includes an oxidation catalyst component (e.g., a diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC), etc.). For example, catalyst component 182 may be an oxidation catalyst component configured to promote the conversion of carbon monoxide in exhaust gas and aftertreatment fluid and / or air-treatment fluid mixtures into carbon dioxide.

[0109] In various embodiments, the catalyst component 182 may include multiple portions. For example, the catalyst component 182 may include a first portion comprising platinum and a second portion comprising rhodium. By including multiple portions, the ability of the catalyst component 182 to facilitate the treatment of exhaust gases can be tailored for a target application.

[0110] The exhaust duct system 102 also includes an outlet duct 184. The outlet duct 184 is fluidly coupled to a delivery duct 175 and configured to receive exhaust gas from the delivery duct 175. In various embodiments, the outlet duct 184 is coupled to the delivery duct 175. For example, the outlet duct 184 may be fastened, welded, riveted, or otherwise attached to the delivery duct 175 (e.g., using a belt, bolts, twist-lock fasteners, threads, etc.). In other embodiments, the outlet duct 184 is integrally formed with the delivery duct 175. In some embodiments, the delivery duct 175 is the same as the outlet duct 184 (e.g., only the delivery duct 175 is included in the exhaust duct system 102, and the delivery duct 175 serves as both the delivery duct 175 and the outlet duct 184). The outlet duct 184 is centered on a duct central axis 105 (e.g., the duct central axis 105 extends through the center point of the outlet duct 184, etc.).

[0111] In various embodiments, the exhaust duct system 102 includes only a single duct that serves as an inlet duct 104, an introduction duct 106, a delivery duct 175, and an outlet duct 184.

[0112] In various embodiments, the exhaust aftertreatment system 100 also includes sensors 186 (e.g., sensing units, detectors, flow rate sensors, mass flow rate sensors, volumetric flow rate sensors, velocity sensors, pressure sensors, temperature sensors, thermocouples, hydrocarbon sensors, NO sensors). X Sensors, including CO sensors, CO2 sensors, O2 sensors, particulate sensors, nitrogen sensors, etc. Sensor 186 is coupled to delivery conduit 175 and configured to measure (e.g., sense, detect, etc.) parameters (e.g., flow rate, mass flow rate, volumetric flow rate, velocity, pressure, temperature, hydrocarbon concentration, NO) within delivery conduit 175, of the exhaust gas and process fluid and / or air-process fluid mixture. X (Concentrations include CO concentration, CO concentration, CO2 concentration, O2 concentration, particulate concentration, nitrogen concentration, etc.). Sensor 186 is electrically or communicatively coupled to controller 126 and configured to provide a signal associated with the parameter to controller 126. Controller 126 (e.g., via processing circuitry 128, etc.) is configured to determine the parameter based on the signal. Controller 126 may be configured to control dispensing module 110, processing liquid pump 114, and / or air pump 120 based on the signal. Furthermore, controller 126 may be configured to transmit the signal to central controller 134.

[0113] Figures 2 to 4 An exhaust aftertreatment system 100 according to various embodiments is illustrated. In these embodiments, flow disruptors 176 are each shaped as part of a semi-dome (e.g., quadratic surface, apse, conch shell, fan, etc.). Each flow disruptor 176 is configured such that its upstream edge couples to or contacts the delivery duct 175, the flow disruptor 176 extends gradually away from the delivery duct 175 (e.g., toward the duct central axis 105, etc.), and at least a portion of its downstream edge is separated from the delivery duct 175. Thus, exhaust gas flowing along the flow disruptor 176 is gradually guided away from the delivery duct 175 (e.g., toward the duct central axis 105, etc.).

[0114] like Figure 3 As shown, each flow disruptor 176 has a center point 300 (e.g., a vertex, etc.) at its downstream edge. The flow disruptor spacing S d This measurement is taken from the mixer outlet plane 165 to the center point 300. Additionally, as... Figure 4 As shown, the angular spacing α of each flow disruptor 176 s It is measured from the center point 300 of each flow disruptor 176. For example, as Figure 4 As shown, it includes four flow disruptors 176 with a first angular spacing α. s (e.g., 5°, etc.) First flow disruptor 176, having a second angular spacing α s The second flow disruptor 176 (e.g., 50°, etc.) has a third angular spacing α s A third flow disruptor 176 (e.g., 187°, etc.) and a fourth angular spacing α s (e.g., 275°, etc.) Fourth flow disruptor 176.

[0115] also, Figures 2 to 4 Each flow disruptor 176 shown also consists of a radial height h r Limitation. Radial height h r It is measured from each center point 300 to the delivery catheter 175 along an axis orthogonal to the catheter center axis 105 and intersecting the catheter center axis 105, center point 300 and delivery catheter 175.

[0116] Radial height h r The extent to which each flow disruptor 176 protrudes into the delivery conduit 175 affects, and therefore the extent to which each flow disruptor 176 acts on the exhaust and process fluid and / or air-process fluid mixture. For example, the radial height h... r The larger the diameter, the greater the interference of the flow disruptor 176 on the exhaust gas and the treatment fluid and / or air-treatment fluid mixture. The radial height h of each flow disruptor 176... r They can be selected independently, allowing the exhaust aftertreatment system 100 to be customized for a target application. In this way, for example, the ability of each flow disruptor 176 to mix exhaust gas with treatment fluid and / or air-treatment fluid mixtures can be selected to customize the exhaust aftertreatment system 100 for a target application.

[0117] Radial height h r It can be based on the catheter diameter d c To select. For example, the flow disruptor 176 can be configured such that the radial height h r All are approximately equal to 0.05d c and 0.30d c Between, including 0.05d c and 0.30d c Including (e.g., 0.0475d) c 0.05d c 0.08d c 0.12d c 0.15d c 0.20d c 0.25d c 0.30dc 0.315d c (etc.). In some applications, the flow disruptor 176 can be configured such that the radial height h r All are approximately equal to 0.08d c and 0.25d c Between, including 0.08d c and 0.25d c Including (e.g., 0.076d) c 0.08d c 0.15d c 0.20d c 0.25d c 0.2625d c wait).

[0118] In some applications, such as Figures 2 to 4 As shown, the radial height h of all flow disruptors 176 r They are equal. In other embodiments, the radial height h of each of the flow disruptors 176 is equal. r Radial height h of other flow disruptors 176 r Different. For example, in the case including four flow disruptors 176, the first flow disruptor 176 may have a first radial height h. r1 The second flow disruptor 176 may have a second radial height of 1.05h. r1 The third flow disruptor 176 may have a third radial height of 1.1h. r1 Furthermore, the fourth flow disruptor 176 may have a fourth radial height of 1.15h. r1 .

[0119] Figures 2 to 4 Each flow disruptor 176 shown also has an angular height h. a Limitation. Altitude and elevation angle h a It is measured from each center point 300 to the delivery conduit 175 along an axis that extends along at least a portion of the flow disruptor 176 and intersects the conduit center axis 105, center point 300 and delivery conduit 175.

[0120] Altitude and elevation angle h a The degree of gradient in the transition of the flow disruptor 176 from the delivery duct 175 to the center point 300 affects the extent to which each flow disruptor 176 acts on the exhaust and treatment fluid and / or air-treatment fluid mixture. For example, for the same radial height h r Altitude and elevation angle h aThe lower the elevation, the more abrupt (intense) the transition from the delivery conduit 175 to the center point 300 (e.g., the greater the slope of the flow disruptor 176, etc.). The elevation angle h of each flow disruptor 176... a They can be selected independently, allowing the exhaust aftertreatment system 100 to be customized for a target application. In this way, for example, the ability of each flow disruptor 176 to mix exhaust gas and treatment fluid and / or air-treatment fluid mixtures can be selected so that the exhaust aftertreatment system 100 can be customized for a target application.

[0121] In various embodiments, the elevation angle h of each flow disruptor 176 a Approximately equal to, but not limited to, 15° and 70° (e.g., 14.25°, 15°, 20°, 30°, 48.5°, 50°, 55°, 60°, 70°, 73.5°, etc.). In some embodiments, the elevation angle h of each flow disruptor 176 is... a Approximately equal to between 30° and 60°, including 30° and 60° (e.g., 28.5°, 30°, 45°, 48.5°, 55°, 60°, 63°, etc.).

[0122] In some applications, such as Figures 2 to 4 As shown, the elevation angle h of all the flow disruptors 176 a They are equal. In other embodiments, the elevation angle h of each of the flow disruptors 176 is equal. a The elevation angle h of the other 176 flow disruptors a Different. For example, in the case including four flow disruptors 176, the first flow disruptor 176 may have a first elevation angle h. a1 The second flow disruptor 176 may have a second elevation angle of 1.05h. a1 The third flow disruptor 176 may have a third elevation angle of 1.1h. a1 Furthermore, the fourth flow disruptor 176 may have a fourth elevation angle of 1.15h. a1 .

[0123] also, Figures 2 to 4 Each of the flow disruptors 176 shown is also defined by a width w. The width w is measured between opposite ends of the downstream edge of each flow disruptor 176.

[0124] The width w affects the extent to which each of the flow disruptors 176 protrudes into the delivery conduit 175, and thus affects the degree to which each of the flow disruptors 176 acts on the exhaust gas and the treatment fluid and / or air-treatment fluid mixture. For example, the greater the width w, the greater the disturbance that the flow disruptor 176 causes to the exhaust gas and the treatment fluid and / or air-treatment fluid mixture. The width w of each of the flow disruptors 176 can be selected independently, allowing the exhaust aftertreatment system 100 to be customized for a target application. In this way, for example, the ability of each of the flow disruptors 176 to mix the exhaust gas and the treatment fluid and / or air-treatment fluid mixture can be selected to customize the exhaust aftertreatment system 100 for a target application.

[0125] Width w can be based on the conduit diameter d c The choice can be made accordingly. For example, the flow disruptor 176 can be configured such that the width w is approximately equal to 0.10d. c and 0.70d c Between, including 0.10d c and 0.70d c Including (e.g., 0.095d) c 0.10d c 0.15d c 0.33d c 0.50d c 0.60d c 0.70d c 0.735d c (etc.). In some applications, the flow disruptor 176 can be configured such that its width is approximately equal to 0.15d. c and 0.60d c Between, including 0.15d c and 0.60d c Including (e.g., 0.1425d) c 0.15d c 0.33d c 0.60d c 0.63d c wait).

[0126] In some applications, such as Figures 2 to 4 As shown, all flow disruptors 176 have the same width w. In other embodiments, the width w of each of the flow disruptors 176 is different from the width w of the other flow disruptors 176. For example, in the case of including four flow disruptors 176, the first flow disruptor 176 may have a first width w1, the second flow disruptor 176 may have a second width 1.05w1, the third flow disruptor 176 may have a third width 1.1w1, and the fourth flow disruptor 176 may have a fourth width 1.15w1.

[0127] Figures 5 to 12 An exhaust aftertreatment system 100 according to various embodiments is shown, wherein the exhaust duct system 102 is concealed.

[0128] like Figure 6 As shown, it includes four flow disruptors 176 with a first angular spacing α that is approximately equal to 0°. s The first flow disruptor 176 has a second angular spacing α that is approximately equal to 90°. s The second flow disruptor 176 has a third triangular spacing α that is approximately equal to 180°. s The third flow disruptor 176 and the fourth angular spacing α with approximately 270°. s The fourth flow disruptor 176. This arrangement enables the production of a uniformity index (UI) of approximately 0.976 in the exhaust gas downstream of the flow disruptor 176, with a total pressure drop of approximately 1.677 kPa, a fluid density index (FDI) of approximately 0.955, and a wall film percentage of approximately 5.9%.

[0129] Reference Figure 7 It includes four flow disruptors 176, with a first angular spacing α approximately equal to -15°. s The first flow disruptor 176 has a second angular spacing α of approximately 75°. s The second flow disruptor 176 has a third triangular spacing α that is approximately equal to 165°. s The third flow disruptor 176 and the fourth angular spacing α with approximately 255°. s The fourth flow disruptor 176. This arrangement enables the production of a process fluid UI of approximately 0.972 in the exhaust gas downstream of the flow disruptor 176, and the total pressure drop of the mixer 136 is approximately 1.557 kPa, the FDI is approximately 0.968, and the wall membrane percentage is approximately 5.8%.

[0130] Figure 8 An example including four flow disruptors 176 is shown: with a first angular spacing α approximately equal to -30°. s The first flow disruptor 176 has a second angular spacing α of approximately 60°. s The second flow disruptor 176 has a third triangular spacing α that is approximately equal to 150°. s The third flow disruptor 176 and the fourth angular spacing α with approximately 240°. sThe fourth flow disruptor 176. This arrangement enables the production of approximately 0.971 of the process fluid in the exhaust downstream of the flow disruptor 176, with a total pressure drop of approximately 1.550 kPa, an FDI of approximately 0.967, and a wall membrane percentage of approximately 5.3%.

[0131] like Figure 9 As shown, it includes four flow disruptors 176 with a first angular spacing α approximately equal to -45°. s The first flow disruptor 176 has a second angular spacing α of approximately 45°. s The second flow disruptor 176 has a third triangular spacing α that is approximately equal to 135°. s The third flow disruptor 176 and the fourth angular spacing α with approximately 225°. s The fourth flow disruptor 176. This arrangement enables the production of a process fluid UI of approximately 0.968 in the exhaust downstream of the flow disruptor 176, and the total pressure drop of the mixer 136 is approximately 1.533 kPa, the FDI is approximately 0.966, and the wall membrane percentage is approximately 5.0%.

[0132] Reference Figure 10 It includes four flow disruptors 176 with a first angular spacing α approximately equal to -60°. s The first flow disruptor 176 has a second angular spacing α of approximately 30°. s The second flow disruptor 176 has a third triangular spacing α that is approximately equal to 120°. s The third flow disruptor 176 and the fourth angular spacing α with approximately 210°. s The fourth flow disruptor 176. This arrangement enables the production of a process fluid UI of approximately 0.966 in the exhaust downstream of the flow disruptor 176, and the total pressure drop of the mixer 136 is approximately 1.528 kPa, the FDI is approximately 0.965, and the wall membrane percentage is approximately 5.7%.

[0133] Figure 11 An example including four flow disruptors 176 is shown: with a first angular spacing α approximately equal to -80°. s The first flow disruptor 176 has a second angular spacing α of approximately 10°. s The second flow disruptor 176 has a third triangular spacing α that is approximately equal to 100°. s The third flow disruptor 176 and the fourth angular spacing α with approximately 190° sThe fourth flow disruptor 176. This arrangement enables the production of a process fluid UI of approximately 0.967 in the exhaust downstream of the flow disruptor 176, and the total pressure drop of the mixer 136 is approximately 1.582 kPa, the FDI is approximately 0.970, and the wall membrane percentage is approximately 5.5%.

[0134] like Figure 12 As shown, it includes six flow disruptors 176. In some applications, the first flow disruptor 176 may have a first angular spacing α approximately equal to 15°. s The second flow disruptor 176 may have a second angular spacing α approximately equal to 75°. s The third flow disruptor 176 may have a third triangular spacing α approximately equal to 135°. s The fourth flow disruptor 176 may have a fourth angular spacing α that is approximately equal to 195°. s The fifth flow disruptor 176 may have a fifth angular spacing α that is approximately equal to 255°. s The sixth flow disruptor 176 may have a sixth angular spacing α of approximately 315°. s .

[0135] Figure 13 An exhaust aftertreatment system 100 according to various embodiments is shown. The flow disruptor 176 is not dome-shaped, but rather a prismatic (e.g., triangular, rectangular, rhomboid, hexagonal, etc.) plate (e.g., fins, ribs, etc.). A center point 300 is located on the portion of the flow disruptor 176 furthest from the mixer outlet 164.

[0136] In some embodiments, the flow disruptor 176 includes perforations (e.g., holes, pores, etc.). The perforations are configured to facilitate exhaust flow through the flow disruptor 176. The perforations can enable exhaust flow to target portions of the catalytic converter component 182 and / or can reduce the back pressure of the exhaust aftertreatment system 100.

[0137] Although the exhaust aftertreatment system 100 has been shown and described in the context of its use with a diesel internal combustion engine, it should be understood that the exhaust aftertreatment system 100 can be used with other internal combustion engines, such as gasoline internal combustion engines, hybrid internal combustion engines, propane internal combustion engines, dual-fuel internal combustion engines, and other similar internal combustion engines.

[0138] III. Overview of the Second Example Exhaust Aftertreatment System

[0139] Figure 14An exhaust aftertreatment system 1400 (e.g., a treatment system, etc.) for treating exhaust gas produced by an internal combustion engine is shown. As explained in more detail herein, the exhaust aftertreatment system 1400 is configured to facilitate the treatment of the exhaust gas. This treatment can facilitate the reduction of emissions containing components that are not desired in the exhaust gas. This treatment can also, or alternatively, facilitate the conversion of various oxidizing components of the exhaust gas into other components. This treatment can also, or alternatively, facilitate the removal of particulate matter from the exhaust gas.

[0140] The exhaust aftertreatment system 1400 includes an exhaust duct system 1402 (e.g., a pipeline system, a conduit system, etc.). The exhaust duct system 1402 is configured to facilitate the guidance of exhaust gas generated by the internal combustion engine through the exhaust aftertreatment system 1400 and into the atmosphere.

[0141] The exhaust duct system 1402 includes an inlet duct 1404 (e.g., a line, conduit, etc.). The inlet duct 1404 is fluidly coupled to an upstream component and configured to receive exhaust gas from the upstream component. In some embodiments, the inlet duct 1404 is coupled to the upstream component. In other embodiments, the inlet duct 1404 is integrally formed with the upstream component. The inlet duct 1404 is centered on a duct central axis 1405 (e.g., the duct central axis 1405 extends through the center point of the inlet duct 1404, etc.).

[0142] The exhaust duct system 1402 also includes an inlet duct 1406 (e.g., a decomposition shell, decomposition reactor, decomposition chamber, reactor line, decomposition tube, reactor tube, hydrocarbon inlet shell, etc.). The inlet duct 1406 is fluidly coupled to the inlet duct 1404 and configured to receive exhaust gas from the inlet duct 1404. In various embodiments, the inlet duct 1406 is coupled to the inlet duct 1404. For example, the inlet duct 1406 may be welded, riveted, or otherwise attached to the inlet duct 1404. In other embodiments, the inlet duct 1406 is integrally formed with the inlet duct 1404. In some embodiments, the inlet duct 1404 is the same as the inlet duct 1406 (e.g., only the inlet duct 1404 is included in the exhaust duct system 1402, and the inlet duct 1404 serves as both the inlet duct 1404 and the inlet duct 1406). The inlet duct 1406 is centered on a duct central axis 1405 (e.g., the duct central axis 1405 extends through the center point of the inlet duct 1406, etc.). The introductory catheter 1406 has a catheter diameter d c The diameter d of the conduit c It can be selected to customize the exhaust aftertreatment system 1400 for target applications.

[0143] The exhaust aftertreatment system 1400 also includes a treatment fluid delivery system 1408. As explained in more detail herein, the treatment fluid delivery system 1408 is configured to facilitate the introduction of a treatment fluid, such as a reducing agent or hydrocarbons (e.g., fuel, oil, additives, etc.), into the exhaust gas. When a reducing agent is introduced into the exhaust gas, it can promote the reduction of undesirable components in the exhaust gas. When hydrocarbons are introduced into the exhaust gas, the temperature of the exhaust gas can be increased (e.g., to promote the regeneration of components of the exhaust aftertreatment system 1400, etc.). For example, the temperature of the exhaust gas can be increased by burning hydrocarbons in the exhaust gas (e.g., using spark plugs, etc.).

[0144] The processed fluid delivery system 1408 includes a dispensing module 1410 (e.g., a dispenser, reducing agent dispenser, hydrocarbon dispenser, etc.). The dispensing module 1410 is configured to facilitate the passage and entry of processed fluid through and into the inlet conduit 1406. The dispensing module 1410 may include a spacer between a portion of the dispensing module 1410 and a portion of the inlet conduit 1406 on which the dispensing module 1410 is mounted. In various embodiments, the dispensing module 1410 is coupled to the inlet conduit 1406.

[0145] The processing fluid delivery system 1408 also includes a processing fluid source 1412 (e.g., a reducing agent tank, a hydrocarbon tank, etc.). The processing fluid source 1412 is configured to contain processing fluid. The processing fluid source 1412 is fluidly coupled to the dispensing module 1410 and configured to supply processing fluid to the dispensing module 1410. The processing fluid source 1412 may include multiple processing fluid sources 1412 (e.g., multiple tanks connected in series or parallel). The processing fluid source 1412 may, for example, contain Adblue. ® The diesel exhaust fluid tank or the fuel tank containing fuel.

[0146] The process fluid delivery system 1408 also includes a process fluid pump 1414 (e.g., a supply unit, etc.). The process fluid pump 1414 is fluidly coupled to a process fluid source 1412 and a dispensing module 1410, and is configured to receive process fluid from the process fluid source 1412 and supply process fluid to the dispensing module 1410. The process fluid pump 1414 is used to pressurize the process fluid from the process fluid source 1412 for delivery to the dispensing module 1410. In some embodiments, the process fluid pump 1414 is pressure-controlled. In some embodiments, the process fluid pump 1414 is coupled to the chassis of a vehicle associated with the exhaust aftertreatment system 1400.

[0147] In some embodiments, the processing fluid delivery system 1408 further includes a processing fluid filter 1416. The processing fluid filter 1416 is fluidly coupled to a processing fluid source 1412 and a processing fluid pump 1414, and is configured to receive processing fluid from the processing fluid source 1412 and supply processing fluid to the processing fluid pump 1414. The processing fluid filter 1416 filters the processing fluid before supplying it to the internal components of the processing fluid pump 1414. For example, the processing fluid filter 1416 may inhibit or prevent the transfer of solids to the internal components of the processing fluid pump 1414. In this way, the processing fluid filter 1416 may facilitate an extension of the desired operating time of the processing fluid pump 1414.

[0148] The dispensing module 1410 includes at least one injector 1418 (e.g., an injection device, etc.). The injector 1418 is fluidly coupled to the processing fluid pump 1414 and configured to receive processing fluid from the processing fluid pump 1414. The injector 1418 is configured to dispense the processing fluid received by the dispensing module 1410 into the exhaust gas within the inlet conduit 1406 along a spray axis 1419 (e.g., within a spray cone centered on the spray axis 1419, etc.).

[0149] In some embodiments, the processed fluid delivery system 1408 further includes an air pump 1420 and an air source 1422 (e.g., an air inlet, etc.). The air pump 1420 is fluidly coupled to the air source 1422 and configured to receive air from the air source 1422. The air pump 1420 is also fluidly coupled to a dispensing module 1410 and configured to supply air to the dispensing module 1410. In some applications, the dispensing module 1410 is configured to mix air and processed fluid into an air-processed fluid mixture and supply the air-processed fluid mixture to an injector 1418 (e.g., for dispensing to exhaust gas within the inlet duct 1406, etc.). The injector 1418 is fluidly coupled to the air pump 1420 and configured to receive air from the air pump 1420. The injector 1418 is configured to dispense the air-processed fluid mixture to exhaust gas within the inlet duct 1406. In some of these embodiments, the processed fluid delivery system 1408 also includes an air filter 1424. Air filter 1424 is fluidly coupled to air source 1422 and air pump 1420, and is configured to receive air from air source 1422 and supply air to air pump 1420. Air filter 1424 is configured to filter air before it is supplied to air pump 1420. In other embodiments, the process fluid delivery system 1408 does not include air pump 1420 and / or the process fluid delivery system 1408 does not include air source 1422. In such embodiments, dispensing module 1410 is not configured to mix process fluid with air.

[0150] In various embodiments, the dispensing module 1410 is configured to receive air and fluid and dispense an air-processing fluid mixture into the inlet conduit 1406. In various embodiments, the dispensing module 1410 is configured to receive processing fluid (and not air) and dispense the processing fluid into the inlet conduit 1406. In various embodiments, the dispensing module 1410 is configured to receive processing fluid and dispense the processing fluid into the inlet conduit 1406. In various embodiments, the dispensing module 1410 is configured to receive air and processing fluid and dispense an air-processing fluid mixture into the inlet conduit 1406.

[0151] The exhaust aftertreatment system 1400 also includes a controller 1426 (e.g., control circuitry, a driver, etc.). The dispensing module 1410, the process fluid pump 1414, and the air pump 1420 are also electrically or communicatively coupled to the controller 1426. The controller 1426 is configured to control the dispensing module 1410 to dispense process fluid or an air-process fluid mixture into the inlet conduit 1406. The controller 1426 may also be configured to control the process fluid pump 1414 and / or the air pump 1420 to control the process fluid or air-process fluid mixture dispensed into the inlet conduit 1406.

[0152] Controller 1426 includes processing circuitry 1428. Processing circuitry 1428 includes a processor 1430 and memory 1432. Processor 1430 may include a microprocessor, ASIC, FPGA, or a combination thereof. Memory 1432 may include, but is not limited to, electronic, optical, magnetic, or any other storage or transmission device capable of providing program instructions to the processor, ASIC, FPGA, etc. Memory 1432 may include memory chips, EEPROM, EPROM, flash memory, or any other suitable memory from which controller 1426 can read instructions. Instructions may include code in any suitable programming language. Memory 1432 may include various modules that include instructions configured to be implemented by processor 1430.

[0153] In various embodiments, controller 1426 is configured to communicate with a central controller 1434 (e.g., ECU, ECM, etc.) of an internal combustion engine having an exhaust aftertreatment system 1400. In some embodiments, central controller 1434 and controller 1426 are integrated into a single controller.

[0154] In some embodiments, the central controller 1434 may communicate with a display device (e.g., a screen, monitor, touchscreen, HUD, indicator light, etc.). The display device may be configured to change its state in response to information received from the central controller 1434. For example, the display device may be configured to change between a static state and an alarm state based on communication from the central controller 1434. By changing the state, the display device may provide the user with an indication of the status of the processed fluid delivery system 1408.

[0155] The exhaust aftertreatment system 1400 also includes a mixer 1436 (e.g., a vortex generator, etc.). At least a portion of the mixer 1436 is positioned within an inlet duct 1406. In some embodiments, a first portion of the mixer 1436 is positioned within an inlet duct 1404, and a second portion of the mixer 1436 is positioned within an inlet duct 1406.

[0156] Mixer 1436 (e.g., via inlet conduit 1406, etc.) receives exhaust gas from inlet conduit 1404. Mixer 1436 also receives treatment fluid or air-treatment fluid mixture received from injector 1418. Mixer 1436 is configured to mix the treatment fluid or air-treatment fluid mixture with the exhaust gas. Mixer 1436 is also configured to promote exhaust gas vortex formation and mixing of the exhaust gas with the treatment fluid or air-treatment fluid mixture in order to disperse the treatment fluid in the exhaust gas downstream of mixer 1436 (e.g., to obtain an improved UI, etc.). By using mixer 1436 to disperse the treatment fluid in the exhaust gas, the reduction of emissions containing undesirable components in the exhaust gas is enhanced and / or the ability of exhaust gas aftertreatment system 1400 to increase exhaust gas temperature is enhanced.

[0157] Mixer 1436 includes a mixer body 1438 (e.g., a shell, frame, etc.). Mixer body 1438 is supported within inlet conduit 1404 and / or inlet conduit 1406. In various embodiments, mixer body 1438 is centered on a conduit central axis 1405 (e.g., the conduit central axis 1405 extends through the center point of mixer body 1438, etc.). In other embodiments, mixer body 1438 is centered on an axis separate from the conduit central axis 1405. For example, mixer body 1438 may be centered on an axis separate from and generally parallel to the conduit central axis 1405. In another example, mixer body 1438 may be centered on an axis intersecting the conduit central axis 1405 and at an angle relative to the conduit central axis 1405 (e.g., when viewed in a plane along which the conduit central axis 1405 extends, etc.).

[0158] The mixer body 1438 includes a mixer inlet 1440 (e.g., an inlet orifice, inlet opening, etc.). The mixer inlet 1440 receives exhaust gas (e.g., from inlet conduit 1404, etc.). The mixer body 1438 defines (e.g., partially closed, etc.) a mixer cavity 1442 (e.g., a void, etc.). The mixer cavity 1442 receives exhaust gas from the mixer inlet 1440. As explained in more detail herein, the exhaust gas is caused to form a vortex within the mixer body 1438.

[0159] Mixer 1436 also includes an upstream blade plate 1444 (e.g., an upstream mixing element, mixing plate, etc.). The upstream blade plate 1444 is coupled to the mixer body 1438 and disposed within the mixer cavity 1442. In some embodiments, the upstream blade plate 1444 is coupled to the mixer body 1438 near the mixer inlet 1440.

[0160] The upstream blade plate 1444 includes a plurality of upstream blades 1446 (e.g., plates, fins, etc.). Each of the upstream blades 1446 extends within a mixer cavity 1442 to create vortices in the exhaust gas within the mixer cavity 1442 (e.g., downstream of the upstream blade plate 1444, etc.). At least one of the upstream blades 1446 is coupled to a mixer body 1438. For example, the edge of one of the upstream blades 1446 may be coupled to the mixer body 1438 (e.g., using spot welding, etc.).

[0161] In various embodiments, each of the upstream blades 1446 is coupled to an upstream blade hub 1448 (e.g., a central post, etc.). For example, the upstream blades 1446 may be coupled to the upstream blade hub 1448 such that the upstream blade plate 1444 is rotationally symmetrical about the upstream blade hub 1448. In various embodiments, the upstream blade hub 1448 is centered on a duct central axis 1405 (e.g., the duct central axis 1405 extends through the center point of the upstream blade hub 1448, etc.).

[0162] The upstream blade plate 1444 defines a plurality of upstream blade holes 1450 (e.g., windows, openings, etc.). Each of the upstream blade holes 1450 is located between two adjacent upstream blades 1446. For example, in the case where the upstream blade plate 1444 includes four upstream blades 1446, the upstream blade plate 1444 includes four upstream blade holes 1450 (e.g., a first upstream blade hole 1450 between a first upstream blade 1446 and a second upstream blade 1446, a second upstream blade hole 1450 between a second upstream blade 1446 and a third upstream blade 1446, a third upstream blade hole 1450 between a third upstream blade 1446 and a fourth upstream blade 1446, and a fourth upstream blade hole 1450 between a fourth upstream blade 1446 and a first upstream blade 1446). In various embodiments, the upstream blade plate 1444 includes the same number of upstream blades 1446 and upstream blade holes 1450.

[0163] The mixer body 1438 also includes a processing fluid inlet 1452 (e.g., an orifice, window, orifice, etc.). The processing fluid inlet 1452 is aligned with the injector 1418, and the mixer body 1438 is configured to receive a processing fluid or air-processing fluid mixture through the processing fluid inlet 1452. The processing fluid inlet 1452 is located downstream of the upstream blade plate 1444. Thus, the processing fluid or air-processing fluid mixture flows out from the injector 1418, passes through the mixer body 1438 via the processing fluid inlet 1452 between the mixer body 1438 and the inlet conduit 1406, and enters the mixer cavity 1442 (e.g., downstream of the upstream blade plate 1444, etc.). The injection axis 1419 extends through the processing fluid inlet 1452.

[0164] The mixer 1436 also includes a downstream blade plate 1454 (e.g., a downstream mixing element, mixing plate, etc.). The downstream blade plate 1454 is coupled to the mixer body 1438 and disposed within the mixer cavity 1442. In various embodiments, the downstream blade plate 1454 is coupled to the mixer body 1438 downstream of the processed liquid inlet 1452, such that the processed liquid inlet 1452 is located between the upstream blade plate 1444 and the downstream blade plate 1454.

[0165] The downstream blade plate 1454 includes a plurality of downstream blades 1456 (e.g., plates, fins, etc.). Each of the downstream blades 1456 extends within a mixer cavity 1442 to create vortices in the exhaust gas within the mixer cavity 1442 (e.g., downstream of the downstream blade plate 1454, etc.). At least one of the downstream blades 1456 is coupled to a mixer body 1438. For example, the edge of one of the downstream blades 1456 may be coupled to the mixer body 1438 (e.g., using spot welding, etc.).

[0166] Compared to the upstream blade plate 1444 which includes upstream blades 1446, the downstream blade plate 1454 may include more, fewer, or the same number of downstream blades 1456. For example, if the upstream blade plate 1444 includes five upstream blades 1446, the downstream blade plate 1454 may include three, four, five, six, or other numbers of downstream blades 1456.

[0167] In various embodiments, each downstream blade 1456 is coupled to a downstream blade hub 1458 (e.g., a central post, etc.). For example, the downstream blade 1456 may be coupled to the downstream blade hub 1458 such that the downstream blade plate 1454 is rotationally symmetrical about the downstream blade hub 1458. In various embodiments, the downstream blade hub 1458 is centered on a duct central axis 1405 (e.g., the duct central axis 1405 extends through the center point of the downstream blade hub 1458, etc.). In some embodiments, the downstream blade hub 1458 is centered on an axis different from the axis centered on the upstream blade hub 1448. For example, the downstream blade hub 1458 may be centered on an axis that is generally parallel to and separate from the axis centered on the upstream blade hub 1448.

[0168] The downstream blade plate 1454 defines a plurality of downstream blade holes 1460 (e.g., windows, openings, etc.). Each of the downstream blade holes 1460 is located between two adjacent downstream blades 1456. For example, in the case where the downstream blade plate 1454 includes four downstream blades 1456, the downstream blade plate 1454 includes four downstream blade holes 1460 (e.g., a first downstream blade hole 1460 between a first downstream blade 1456 and a second downstream blade 1456, a second downstream blade hole 1460 between a second downstream blade 1456 and a third downstream blade 1456, a third downstream blade hole 1460 between a third downstream blade 1456 and a fourth downstream blade 1456, and a fourth downstream blade hole 1460 between a fourth downstream blade 1456 and a first downstream blade 1456). In various embodiments, the downstream blade plate 1454 includes the same number of downstream blades 1456 and downstream blade holes 1460.

[0169] The mixer 1436 also includes a shroud 1462 (e.g., a cover, etc.). The shroud 1462 is adjacent to the mixer body 1438 and extends from the mixer body 1438 toward the conduit central axis 1405. The shroud 1462 is used to collect (e.g., concentrate, guide, etc.) exhaust gas toward the conduit central axis 1405.

[0170] The shroud 1462 includes a mixer outlet 1464 (e.g., an outlet orifice, an outlet opening, etc.). The mixer outlet 1464 supplies exhaust gas from the shroud 1462 and thus from the mixer body 1438. Due to the upstream blade plate 1444 and the downstream blade plate 1454, the exhaust gas exiting the mixer outlet 1464 forms a vortex.

[0171] The mixer outlet 1464 is disposed along the mixer outlet plane 1465. The conduit central axis 1405 extends through the mixer outlet plane 1465. In various embodiments, the conduit central axis 1405 is orthogonal to the mixer outlet plane 1465.

[0172] The exhaust aftertreatment system 1400 also includes an upstream flange 1468 (e.g., a panel, coupler, ring, etc.). The upstream flange 1468 is coupled to the mixer body 1438 near the mixer inlet 1440. The upstream flange 1468 is also coupled to the inlet duct 1406. The upstream flange 1468 serves to separate the mixer body 1438 from the inlet duct 1406 and to support the mixer 1436 within the inlet duct 1406.

[0173] In various embodiments, the upstream flange 1468 includes a plurality of upstream flange holes 1470 (e.g., windows, openings, etc.). Each of the upstream flange holes 1470 is configured to facilitate exhaust gas flow through the upstream flange 1468. Thus, exhaust gas can flow between the mixer body 1438 and the inlet conduit 1406.

[0174] At least a portion of the exhaust gas flowing between the mixer body 1438 and the inlet conduit 1406 enters the mixer body 1438 via the processed liquid inlet 1452. For example, the exhaust gas flowing through the mixer body 1438 can create a vacuum at the processed liquid inlet 1452, and this vacuum can draw the exhaust gas flowing between the mixer body 1438 and the inlet conduit 1406 into the mixer body 1438 via the processed liquid inlet 1452. The exhaust gas entering the mixer body via the processed liquid inlet 1452 can help propel the processed liquid and / or air-processed liquid mixture supplied by the injector 1418 into the mixer chamber 1442 (e.g., between the upstream blade plate 1444 and the downstream blade plate 1454, etc.).

[0175] The exhaust aftertreatment system 1400 also includes a midstream flange 1472 (e.g., a panel, coupler, ring, etc.). The midstream flange 1472 is coupled downstream of the treated fluid inlet 1452 to the mixer body 1438. The midstream flange 1472 is also coupled to the inlet conduit 1406. The midstream flange 1472 serves to separate the mixer body 1438 from the inlet conduit 1406 and to support the mixer 1436 within the inlet conduit 1406.

[0176] In various embodiments, the midstream flange 1472 is configured to prevent exhaust gas and treatment fluid and / or air-treatment fluid mixtures from flowing between the mixer body 1438 and the inlet conduit 1406 (e.g., less than 1% of the exhaust gas and treatment fluid and / or air-treatment fluid mixture flowing between the mixer body 1438 and the inlet conduit 1406 flows between the midstream flange 1472 and the mixer body 1438, and between the midstream flange 1472 and the inlet conduit 1406, etc.). In this way, the midstream flange 1472 is used to guide the exhaust gas and treatment fluid and / or air-treatment fluid mixture flowing between the mixer body 1438 and the inlet conduit 1406 into the mixer body 1438 via the treatment fluid inlet 1452 (e.g., instead of using holes or the like formed in the midstream flange 1472 to facilitate bypassing the mixer body 1438).

[0177] In some embodiments, the midstream flange 1472 includes orifices similar to those of the upstream flange orifice 1470. In these embodiments, these orifices are configured to facilitate the flow of exhaust gas and process fluid and / or air-process fluid mixtures through the midstream flange 1472.

[0178] The exhaust aftertreatment system 1400 also includes a downstream flange 1474 (e.g., a panel, coupler, ring, etc.). The downstream flange 1474 is coupled to a shroud 1462. The downstream flange 1474 is also coupled to an inlet duct 1406. The downstream flange 1474 serves to separate the shroud 1462 from the inlet duct 1406 and to support the mixer 1436 within the inlet duct 1406.

[0179] In various embodiments, the downstream flange 1474 is configured to prevent the exhaust and treatment fluid and / or air-treatment fluid mixture from flowing between the shroud 1462 and the inlet conduit 1406 (e.g., less than 1% of the exhaust and treatment fluid and / or air-treatment fluid mixture flowing between the mixer body 1438 and the inlet conduit 1406 flows between the downstream flange 1474 and the mixer body 1438, and between the downstream flange 1474 and the inlet conduit 1406, etc.). In this way, the downstream flange 1474 serves to prevent the exhaust and treatment fluid and / or air-treatment fluid mixture leaving the mixer outlet 1464 from flowing upstream toward the mixer inlet 1440 back.

[0180] The exhaust duct system 1402 also includes a delivery duct 1475. The delivery duct 1475 is fluidly coupled to the inlet duct 1406 and configured to receive exhaust gas from the inlet duct 1406. In various embodiments, the delivery duct 1475 is coupled to the inlet duct 1406. For example, the delivery duct 1475 may be fastened, welded, riveted, or otherwise attached to the inlet duct 1406 (e.g., using a belt, bolts, twist-lock fasteners, threads, etc.). In other embodiments, the delivery duct 1475 is integrally formed with the inlet duct 1406. In some embodiments, the inlet duct 1406 is the same as the delivery duct 1475 (e.g., only the inlet duct 1406 is included in the exhaust duct system 1402, and the inlet duct 1406 serves as both the inlet duct 1406 and the delivery duct 1475). The delivery duct 1475 is centered on a duct central axis 1405 (e.g., the duct central axis 1405 extends through the center point of the delivery duct 1475, etc.).

[0181] The exhaust aftertreatment system 1400 also includes a perforated plate 1478 (e.g., a straightening plate, flow straightener, etc.). The perforated plate 1478 is coupled downstream of the mixer 1436 to a delivery conduit 1475. The perforated plate 1478 extends across the delivery conduit 1475. In various embodiments, the perforated plate 1478 extends along a plane generally parallel to the plane along which the upstream flange 1468 extends, the plane along which the midstream flange 1472 extends, and / or the plane along which the downstream flange 1474 extends.

[0182] The perforated plate 1478 includes a plurality of perforations 1480 (e.g., holes, openings, windows, etc.). Each of the perforations 1480 facilitates the passage of exhaust gas and treatment fluid and / or air-treatment fluid mixtures through the perforated plate 1478. The perforated plate 1478 is configured such that it substantially prevents the flow of exhaust gas and treatment fluid and / or air-treatment fluid mixtures between the perforated plate 1478 and the delivery conduit 1475 (e.g., less than 1% of the exhaust gas and treatment fluid and / or air-treatment fluid mixture flows between the perforated plate 1478 and the delivery conduit 1475, etc.).

[0183] Perforation 1480 is used to straighten the flow of exhaust gas and treatment fluid and / or air-treatment fluid mixture downstream of perforated plate 1478. For example, exhaust gas and treatment fluid and / or air-treatment fluid mixture may tumble upstream of perforated plate 1478, may flow through perforated plate 1478 via perforation 1480, and may then flow along a relatively straight flow path downstream of perforated plate 1478.

[0184] The perforated plate 1478 can be configured differently to be customized for a target application. For example, the number of perforations 1480, the location of each perforation 1480, and / or the size of each perforation 1480 can be selected individually, allowing the perforated plate 1478 to be customized for the target application. By positioning the perforations 1480 differently, exhaust gas and treatment fluid and / or air-treatment fluid mixtures can be guided to a target location downstream of the perforated plate 1478 due to the straight flow path.

[0185] The exhaust aftertreatment system 1400 also includes one or more flow disruptors 1481 (e.g., flow disruptors, protrusions, projections, ridges, ribs, fins, guides, etc.). Each flow disruptor 1481 is coupled to or integrally formed with a perforated plate 1478. For example, the flow disruptor 1481 may be welded or fastened to the perforated plate 1478. In another example, the flow disruptor 1481 is formed in the perforated plate 1478 via a bending process that bends a portion of the perforated plate 1478 toward the duct central axis 1405.

[0186] Each flow disruptor 1481 protrudes from the perforated plate 1478 (e.g., protrusion, extension, etc.). This causes exhaust gas flowing within the delivery duct 1475 upstream of the perforated plate 1478 to flow around the flow disruptor 1481. By flowing around the flow disruptor 1481, the vortex of exhaust gas supplied by the mixer 1436 is disrupted (e.g., broken, etc.). This disruption causes the exhaust gas to tumble (e.g., mix, etc.) before flowing through the perforations 1480. For example, the exhaust gas may tumble along the perforated plate 1478 and straighten after flowing through one of the perforations 1480. In addition to the vortex provided by the mixer 1436, this tumbling provides another mechanism for mixing exhaust gas with the treatment fluid and / or air-treatment fluid mixture. Targeted mixing of exhaust gas with the treatment fluid and / or air-treatment fluid mixture can be achieved by different configurations of the flow disruptors 1481.

[0187] Therefore, compared to other mixing devices, the flow disruptor 1481 can improve the UI of the processed fluid in the exhaust gas without significantly increasing the pressure drop generated by the mixer 1436, the wall film of the mixer 1436, or the deposits formed by the mixer 1436. Furthermore, the configuration of the flow disruptor 1481 can be selected to minimize manufacturing requirements and reduce the weight and low-frequency operation of the mixer 1436 compared to other mixing devices. Additionally, the mixer 1436 can be configured differently while utilizing the flow disruptor 1481 (e.g., the flow disruptor 1481 substantially does not limit the configuration of the mixer 1436, etc.). For example, the flow disruptor 1481 can achieve various sizes of the upstream flange orifice 1470 to further reduce the pressure drop.

[0188] Furthermore, the downstream edge of each flow disruptor 1481 (e.g., the junction between flow disruptor 1481 and perforated plate 1478, etc.) is spaced apart from the mixer outlet plane 1465 by the flow disruptor spacing S. d The spacing S between each flow disruptor 1481 d It can be selected independently, allowing the exhaust aftertreatment system 1400 to be customized for target applications.

[0189] Flow disruptor spacing S d It can be based on the catheter diameter d c To select. For example, the flow disruptor 1481 can be configured such that the flow disruptor spacing S d All are approximately equal to 0.10d c and 0.30d c Between, including 0.10d c and 0.30d c Including (e.g., 0.095d) c 0.10d c 0.13d c 0.19d c 0.20d c 0.25d c 0.30d c 0.315d c (etc.). In some applications, the flow disruptor 1481 can be configured such that the flow disruptor spacing S d All are approximately equal to 0.13d c and 0.25d c Between, including 0.13d c and 0.25d c Including (e.g., 0.1235d) c 0.13d c 0.19d c 0.20d c 0.25d c 0.2625d c wait).

[0190] In some applications, such as Figure 14 As shown, the flow disruptor spacing S of all flow disruptors 1481 d They are equal. In other embodiments, the flow disruptor spacing S of each of the flow disruptors 1481 is equal. d The distance S between the flow disruptor and other flow disruptors 1481 dDifferent. For example, the perforated plate 1478 can be twisted along the central axis 1405 of the conduit, such that the flow disruptors 1481 are staggered along the central axis 1405 of the conduit, wherein the first flow disruptors 1481 have a first flow disruptor spacing S. d1 The second flow disruptor 1481 has a second flow disruptor spacing of 1.05S. d1 The third flow disruptor 1481 has a third flow disruptor spacing of 1.1S. d1 Furthermore, the fourth flow disruptor 1481 has a fourth flow disruptor spacing of 1.15S. d1 .

[0191] Additionally, when measured along a plane orthogonal to the central axis 1405 of the duct, the center point (e.g., apex, etc.) of each flow disruptor 1481 can be spaced at an angle α from the jet axis 1419. s This plane may be approximately parallel to the plane along which the mixer outlet plane 1465 and / or the jet axis 1419 are arranged. The angular spacing α of each of the flow disruptors 1481... s The angular spacing α can be independent of other flow disruptors 1481. s The selection process allows the exhaust aftertreatment system 1400 to be customized for the target application. In various embodiments, the angular spacing α of each flow disruptor 1481... s Approximately equal to between 0° and 270°, including 0° and 270° (e.g., 0°, 45°, 55°, 65°, 75°, 90°, 120°, 150°, 180°, 220°, 270°, 283.5°, etc.).

[0192] The exhaust aftertreatment system 1400 also includes a catalyst component 1482 (e.g., a conversion catalyst component, an SCR catalyst component, a catalyst metal, etc.). The catalyst component 1482 is coupled to a delivery conduit 1475. For example, the catalyst component 1482 may be housed within a housing that is press-fitted into the delivery conduit 1475.

[0193] In various embodiments, the catalyst component 1482 is configured to use a reducing agent (e.g., via a catalytic reaction, etc.) to decompose components of the exhaust gas. In these embodiments, the treatment fluid provided by the dispensing module 1410 is a reducing agent. Specifically, the reducing agent provided to the exhaust gas by the injector 1418 undergoes evaporation, pyrolysis, and hydrolysis processes to form non-NOx within the delivery duct 1475 and / or the catalyst component 1482. X The emissions. In this way, the catalytic converter component 1482 is configured to accelerate the NO in the reducing agent and exhaust gas. X NO between X The reduction process helps to reduce NO XThe emissions are reduced to diatomic nitrogen, water, and / or carbon dioxide. Catalyst component 1482 may include, for example, platinum, rhodium, palladium, or other similar materials. In some embodiments, catalyst component 1482 is a ceramic conversion catalyst component.

[0194] In various embodiments, catalyst component 1482 is configured to oxidize hydrocarbons and / or carbon monoxide in exhaust gas and treaty fluid and / or air-treat fluid mixtures. In these embodiments, catalyst component 1482 includes an oxidation catalyst component (e.g., DOC, etc.). For example, catalyst component 1482 may be an oxidation catalyst component configured to promote the conversion of carbon monoxide in exhaust gas and treaty fluid and / or air-treat fluid mixtures into carbon dioxide.

[0195] In various embodiments, the catalyst component 1482 may include multiple portions. For example, the catalyst component 1482 may include a first portion comprising platinum and a second portion comprising rhodium. By including multiple portions, the ability of the catalyst component 1482 to facilitate the treatment of exhaust gases can be tailored for a target application.

[0196] The exhaust duct system 1402 also includes an outlet duct 1484. The outlet duct 1484 is fluidly coupled to and configured to receive exhaust gas from the delivery duct 1475. In various embodiments, the outlet duct 1484 is coupled to the delivery duct 1475. For example, the outlet duct 1484 may be fastened, welded, riveted, or otherwise attached to the delivery duct 1475 (e.g., using a belt, bolts, twist-lock fasteners, threads, etc.). In other embodiments, the outlet duct 1484 is integrally formed with the delivery duct 1475. In some embodiments, the delivery duct 1475 is the same as the outlet duct 1484 (e.g., only the delivery duct 1475 is included in the exhaust duct system 1402, and the delivery duct 1475 serves as both the delivery duct 1475 and the outlet duct 1484). The outlet duct 1484 is centered on a duct central axis 1405 (e.g., the duct central axis 1405 extends through the center point of the outlet duct 1484, etc.).

[0197] In various embodiments, the exhaust duct system 1402 includes only a single duct that serves as an inlet duct 1404, an introduction duct 1406, a delivery duct 1475, and an outlet duct 1484.

[0198] In various embodiments, the exhaust aftertreatment system 1400 further includes sensors 1486 (e.g., sensing units, detectors, flow rate sensors, mass flow rate sensors, volumetric flow rate sensors, velocity sensors, pressure sensors, temperature sensors, thermocouples, hydrocarbon sensors, NO sensors). XSensors, including CO sensors, CO2 sensors, O2 sensors, particulate sensors, nitrogen sensors, etc. Sensor 1486 is coupled to delivery conduit 1475 and configured to measure (e.g., sense, detect, etc.) parameters of exhaust gas and process fluid and / or air-process fluid mixtures within delivery conduit 1475 (e.g., flow rate, mass flow rate, volumetric flow rate, velocity, pressure, temperature, hydrocarbon concentration, NO). X (Concentrations include CO concentration, CO concentration, CO2 concentration, O2 concentration, particulate concentration, nitrogen concentration, etc.). Sensor 1486 is electrically or communicatively coupled to controller 1426 and is configured to provide a signal associated with the parameter to controller 1426. Controller 1426 (e.g., via processing circuitry 1428, etc.) is configured to determine the parameter based on the signal. Controller 1426 may be configured to control dispensing module 1410, processing fluid pump 1414, and / or air pump 1420 based on the signal. Furthermore, controller 1426 may be configured to transmit the signal to central controller 1434.

[0199] Figures 15 to 17 An exhaust aftertreatment system 1400 according to various embodiments is shown. In these embodiments, each flow disruptor 1481 is shaped as part of a semi-dome. Each flow disruptor 1481 is configured such that its upstream edge couples to or contacts the delivery duct 1475, the flow disruptor 1481 extends gradually away from the delivery duct 1475 (e.g., toward the duct central axis 1405, etc.), and at least a portion of its downstream edge is separated from the delivery duct 1475. Thus, exhaust gas flowing along the flow disruptor 1481 is gradually guided away from the delivery duct 1475 (e.g., toward the duct central axis 1405, etc.).

[0200] like Figure 16 As shown, the downstream edge of each flow disruptor 1481 has a center point 1600 (e.g., a vertex, etc.). The flow disruptor spacing S d The measurement is taken from the mixer outlet plane 1465 to the center point 1600. Additionally, as... Figure 17 As shown, the angular spacing α of each flow disruptor 1481 s It is measured from the center point 1600 of each flow disruptor 1481. For example, as Figure 17 As shown, it includes four flow disruptors 1481 with a first angular spacing α. s The first flow disruptor 1481 (e.g., 5°, etc.) has a second angular spacing α. s The second flow disruptor 1481 (e.g., 50°, etc.) has a third angular spacing α s A third flow disruptor 1481 (e.g., 187°, etc.) and a fourth angular spacing α sThe fourth flow disruptor 1481 (e.g., 275°, etc.).

[0201] also, Figures 15 to 17 Each flow disruptor 1481 shown also consists of a radial height h r Limitation. Radial height h r It is measured from each center point 1600 to the delivery catheter 1475 along an axis orthogonal to the catheter center axis 1405 and intersecting the catheter center axis 1405, center point 1600 and delivery catheter 1475.

[0202] Radial height h r The extent to which each flow disruptor 1481 protrudes into the delivery duct 1475 affects, and therefore the extent to which each flow disruptor 1481 acts on the exhaust and process fluid and / or air-process fluid mixture. For example, the radial height h r The larger the diameter, the greater the disturbance of the flow disruptor 1481 to the exhaust gas and the treatment fluid and / or air-treatment fluid mixture. The radial height h of each flow disruptor 1481... r They can be selected independently, allowing the exhaust aftertreatment system 1400 to be customized for a target application. In this way, for example, the ability of each flow disruptor 1481 to mix exhaust gas and treatment fluid and / or air-treatment fluid mixtures can be selected to customize the exhaust aftertreatment system 1400 for a target application.

[0203] Radial height h r It can be based on the catheter diameter d c To select. For example, the flow disruptor 1481 can be configured such that the radial height h r All are approximately equal to 0.05d c and 0.30d c Between, including 0.05d c and 0.30d c Including (e.g., 0.0475d) c 0.05d c 0.08d c 0.12d c 0.15d c 0.20d c 0.25d c 0.30d c 0.315d c (etc.). In some applications, the flow disruptor 1481 can be configured such that the radial height h r All are approximately equal to 0.08d c and 0.25d c Between, including 0.08d c and 0.25d cIncluding (e.g., 0.076d) c 0.08d c 0.15d c 0.20d c 0.25d c 0.2625d c wait).

[0204] In some applications, such as Figures 15 to 17 As shown, the radial height h of all flow disruptors 1481 r They are equal. In other embodiments, the radial height h of each of the flow disruptors 1481 is equal. r Radial height h of other flow disruptors 1481 r Different. For example, in the case including four flow disruptors 1481, the first flow disruptor 1481 may have a first radial height h. r1 The second flow disruptor 1481 may have a second radial height of 1.05h. r1 The third flow disruptor 1481 may have a third radial height of 1.1h. r1 Furthermore, the fourth flow disruptor 1481 may have a fourth radial height of 1.15h. r1 .

[0205] Figures 15 to 17 Each of the flow disruptors 1481 shown is also characterized by an elevation angle h. a Limitation. Altitude and elevation angle h a It is measured from each center point 1600 to the delivery conduit 1475 along an axis that extends along at least a portion of the flow disruptor 1481 and intersects the conduit center axis 1405, center point 1600 and delivery conduit 1475.

[0206] Altitude and elevation angle h a The degree of gradient in the transition of the flow disruptor 1481 from the delivery duct 1475 to the center point 1600 affects, and therefore the extent to which each flow disruptor 1481 acts on the exhaust and treatment fluid and / or air-treatment fluid mixture. For example, for the same radial height h r Altitude and elevation angle h a The lower the elevation angle, the more abrupt the transition from the delivery conduit 1475 to the center point 1600 (e.g., the greater the slope of the flow disruptor 1481, etc.). The elevation angle h of each flow disruptor 1481... a They can be selected independently, allowing the exhaust aftertreatment system 1400 to be customized for a target application. In this way, for example, the ability of each flow disruptor 1481 to mix exhaust gas and treatment fluid and / or air-treatment fluid mixtures can be selected to customize the exhaust aftertreatment system 1400 for a target application.

[0207] In various embodiments, the elevation angle h of each flow disruptor 1481 is... a All are approximately equal to between 15° and 70°, including 15° and 70° (e.g., 14.25°, 15°, 20°, 30°, 48.5°, 50°, 55°, 60°, 70°, 73.5°, etc.). In some embodiments, the elevation angle h of each flow disruptor 1481 is... a All are approximately equal to between 30° and 60°, including 30° and 60° (e.g., 28.5°, 30°, 45°, 48.5°, 55°, 60°, 63°, etc.).

[0208] In some applications, such as Figures 15 to 17 As shown, the elevation angle h of all flow disruptors 1481 a They are equal. In other embodiments, the elevation angle h of each of the flow disruptors 1481 is equal. a The elevation angle h of the other flow disruptors 1481 a Different. For example, in the case including four flow disruptors 1481, the first flow disruptor 1481 may have a first elevation angle h. a1 The second flow disruptor 1481 may have a second elevation angle of 1.05h. a1 The third flow disruptor 1481 may have a third elevation angle of 1.1h. a1 Furthermore, the fourth flow disruptor 1481 can have a fourth elevation angle of 1.15h. a1 .

[0209] also, Figures 15 to 17 Each flow disruptor 1481 shown is also defined by a width w. The width w is measured between opposite ends of the downstream edge of each flow disruptor 1481.

[0210] The width w affects the extent to which each flow disruptor 1481 protrudes into the delivery conduit 1475, and thus affects the degree to which each flow disruptor 1481 acts on the exhaust gas and the treatment fluid and / or air-treatment fluid mixture. For example, a larger width w results in greater interference from the flow disruptor 1481 with the exhaust gas and the treatment fluid and / or air-treatment fluid mixture. The width w of each flow disruptor 1481 can be selected independently, allowing the exhaust aftertreatment system 1400 to be customized for a target application. In this way, for example, the ability of each flow disruptor 1481 to mix the exhaust gas and the treatment fluid and / or air-treatment fluid mixture can be selected to customize the exhaust aftertreatment system 1400 for a target application.

[0211] Width w can be based on the conduit diameter d cThe choice can be made accordingly. For example, the flow disruptor 1481 can be configured such that the width w is approximately equal to 0.10d. c and 0.70d c Between, including 0.10d c and 0.70d c Including (e.g., 0.095d) c 0.10d c 0.15d c 0.33d c 0.50d c 0.60d c 0.70d c 0.735d c (etc.). In some applications, the flow disruptor 1481 can be configured such that its width is approximately equal to 0.15d. c and 0.60d c Between, including 0.15d c and 0.60d c Including (e.g., 0.1425d) c 0.15d c 0.33d c 0.60d c 0.63d c wait).

[0212] In some applications, such as Figures 15 to 17 As shown, the width w of all flow disruptors 1481 is equal. In other embodiments, the width w of each of the flow disruptors 1481 is different from the width w of the other flow disruptors 1481. For example, in the case of including four flow disruptors 1481, the first flow disruptor 1481 may have a first width w1, the second flow disruptor 1481 may have a second width 1.05w1, the third flow disruptor 1481 may have a third width 1.1w1, and the fourth flow disruptor 1481 may have a fourth width 1.15w1.

[0213] Figure 18 and Figure 19 A perforated plate 1478 and flow disruptors 1481 according to various embodiments are shown. Specifically, four flow disruptors 1481 are integrally formed with the perforated plate 1478. The perforated plate 1478 includes a plurality of perforations 1480, such that some of the perforations 1480 have different dimensions than the other perforations 1480. For example, each of the perforations 1480 may have a diameter approximately equal to, but not limited to, 3 mm and 12 mm, including 3 mm and 12 mm (e.g., 2.85 mm, 3 mm, 5 mm, 6 mm, 10 mm, 12 mm, 12.6 mm, etc.).

[0214] The perforations 1480 can be arranged such that a portion of the perforated plate 1478 includes perforations 1480 of the same size. For example, as Figure 18 and Figure 19 As shown, compared to the upper region of the perforated plate 1478, the bottom central region of the perforated plate 1478 includes smaller perforations 1480. By arranging the perforations 1480 differently and setting their size, the flow through the perforated plate 1478 can be customized for a target application (e.g., a target configuration of the catalyst component 1482).

[0215] In some embodiments, the flow disruptor 1481 includes perforations (e.g., holes, pores, etc.). The perforations are configured to facilitate exhaust flow through the flow disruptor 1481. The perforations can enable exhaust to flow to a target portion of the catalytic converter component 1482 and / or can reduce the back pressure of the exhaust aftertreatment system 1400.

[0216] Although the exhaust aftertreatment system 1400 has been shown and described in the context of its use with a diesel internal combustion engine, it should be understood that the exhaust aftertreatment system 1400 can be used with other internal combustion engines, such as gasoline internal combustion engines, hybrid internal combustion engines, propane internal combustion engines, dual-fuel internal combustion engines and other similar internal combustion engines.

[0217] IV. Configuration of Example Implementations

[0218] While this specification contains numerous specific implementation details, these should not be construed as limiting the scope of what may be claimed, but rather as descriptions of features specific to particular implementations. Certain features described in the context of individual implementations may also be implemented in combination within a single implementation. Conversely, various features described in the context of a single implementation may be implemented individually or in any suitable sub-combination in multiple implementations. Furthermore, although features may be described as functioning in certain combinations, and even initially claimed in this way, in some cases one or more features from the claimed combination may be removed from the combination, and the claimed combination may refer to a sub-combination or a variation of a sub-combination.

[0219] As used herein, the terms “substantially,” “generally,” “approximately,” and similar terms are intended to have a broad meaning consistent with common and acceptable usage by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the subject matter of this disclosure relates. Those skilled in the art, recalling this disclosure, will understand that these terms are intended to allow for the description of certain features described and claimed, without limiting the scope of those features to the precise numerical ranges provided. Therefore, these terms should be interpreted as indicating that non-substantial or irrelevant modifications or alterations to the described and claimed subject matter are considered to be within the scope of the appended claims.

[0220] As used herein, the term "coupling" refers to the direct or indirect connection between two components. Such connection can be fixed (e.g., permanent) or movable (e.g., removable or releasable). Such connection can be achieved by integrally forming two components or two components and any additional intermediate components into a single unit, or by attaching two components or two components and any additional intermediate components to each other.

[0221] As used herein, the term "fluid coupling" refers to two components or objects having a passage formed between them, in which a fluid, such as air, a reducing agent, an air-reducing agent mixture, exhaust gas, hydrocarbons, or an air-hydrocarbon mixture, can flow, with or without an intermediate component or object. Examples of fluid couplers or configurations used to achieve fluid communication may include pipes, channels, or any other suitable components for enabling fluid flow from one component or object to another.

[0222] It is important to note that the constructions and arrangements of the various systems shown in the multiple example implementations are illustrative in nature and not restrictive. All changes and modifications within the spirit and / or scope of the described implementations are intended to be protected. It should be understood that some features may not be necessary, and implementations lacking various features may be considered within the scope of this disclosure, defined by the appended claims. When the term "part" is used, an item may include a part and / or the entire item, unless otherwise specifically stated to the contrary.

[0223] Furthermore, in the context of a list of elements, the term "or" is used in its inclusive sense (rather than its exclusive sense), so when used to connect a series of elements, the term "or" refers to one, some, or all of the elements in the list. Unless otherwise specified, conjunctions such as "at least one of X, Y, and Z" are understood in conjunction with the context in which they are typically used to express items, terms, etc., and can be X; Y; Z; X and Y; X and Z; Y and Z; or X, Y, and Z (i.e., any combination of X, Y, and Z). Therefore, unless otherwise indicated, such conjunctions are generally not intended to imply that certain embodiments require at least one of X, at least one of Y, and at least one of Z to each be present.

[0224] Furthermore, unless otherwise indicated, the range of values ​​used herein (e.g., W1 to W2, etc.) includes their maximum and minimum values ​​(e.g., W1 to W2 includes W1 and includes W2, etc.). Additionally, unless otherwise indicated, the range of values ​​(e.g., W1 to W2, etc.) is not necessarily required to include intermediate values ​​within the range (e.g., W1 to W2 may include only W1 and W2, etc.).

Claims

1. An exhaust aftertreatment system, comprising: - An exhaust duct, the exhaust duct being centered on a central axis and including an inner surface; - A mixer, the mixer comprising: -- A mixer body, the mixer body being spaced apart from the inner surface, and -- A blade plate having a plurality of blades, at least one of which is coupled to the mixer body; as well as - A plurality of flow disruptors disposed downstream of the mixer, circumferentially surrounding and spaced apart from the central axis of the conduit, each of the flow disruptors extending inward from the inner surface and having an upstream edge in contact with the inner surface.

2. The exhaust aftertreatment system according to claim 1, wherein: The mixer also includes: A treatment fluid inlet, located downstream of the blade plate, is configured to receive treatment fluid or an air-treatment fluid mixture. A mixer outlet configured to supply exhaust gas and the treatment fluid or the air-treatment fluid mixture to the exhaust duct; The mixer outlet is located along the mixer outlet plane; and , where d c S is the diameter of the exhaust duct, and S d It is the flow disruptor spacing between at least one of the flow disruptors along the central axis of the conduit and the mixer outlet plane.

3. The exhaust aftertreatment system according to claim 1, wherein, At least one of the flow disruptors is shaped as part of a semi-dome.

4. The exhaust aftertreatment system according to claim 1, wherein: The mixer also includes a mixer outlet configured to supply exhaust gas to the exhaust duct; The mixer outlet is positioned along the mixer outlet plane; and The flow disruptor includes: A first flow disruptor having a first downstream edge, the first downstream edge being separated from the mixer outlet plane by a first spacing distance, and A second flow disruptor having a second downstream edge, the second downstream edge being separated from the mixer outlet plane by a second spacing distance, the second spacing distance being equal to the first spacing distance.

5. The exhaust aftertreatment system according to claim 4, further comprising: An injector configured to supply a treatment fluid or an air-treatment fluid mixture into the exhaust duct along a spray axis; Wherein, the first downstream edge includes a first center point, the first center point being angularly separated from the injection axis by a first angular distance; and The second downstream edge includes a second center point, which is angularly separated from the jet axis by a second angular distance, and the second angular distance is greater than the first angular distance.

6. The exhaust aftertreatment system according to claim 5, wherein: The mixer further includes a treatment fluid inlet located downstream of the blade plate, the treatment fluid inlet being configured to receive the treatment fluid or the air-treatment fluid mixture; and The mixer is configured such that the jet axis extends through the processing liquid inlet.

7. The exhaust aftertreatment system according to claim 4, further comprising: An injector configured to supply a treatment fluid or an air-treatment fluid mixture into the exhaust duct along a spray axis; The first flow disruptor is aligned with the jet axis such that the plane along which the jet axis extends divides the first flow disruptor in two.

8. The exhaust aftertreatment system according to claim 7, wherein, The second flow disruptor is aligned with the jet axis such that the plane divides the second flow disruptor in two.

9. The exhaust aftertreatment system according to any one of claims 1-8, further comprising: A flange coupled to the mixer body, the flange facilitating separation of the mixer body from the exhaust duct, the flange including a plurality of flange holes, each of the flange holes facilitating exhaust through the flange, the flange extending along a first plane; as well as A perforated plate is disposed downstream of the mixer, the perforated plate including a plurality of perforations, each of the perforations facilitating exhaust through the perforated plate, the perforated plate extending along a second plane parallel to the first plane.

10. The exhaust aftertreatment system according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein: The flow disruptor includes: A first flow disruptor has a first downstream edge, the first downstream edge having a first center point, the first center point being separated from the exhaust duct by a first radial height h. r1 ,and A second flow disruptor has a second downstream edge, the second downstream edge having a second center point, the second center point being separated from the exhaust duct by a second radial height h. r2 ; The first flow disruptor is configured to cause , where d c It is the diameter of the exhaust duct; and The second flow disruptor is configured to make .

11. The exhaust aftertreatment system according to claim 10, wherein, The first flow disruptor and the second flow disruptor are configured such that h r1 = h r2 .

12. An exhaust aftertreatment system, comprising: - An exhaust duct, centered on the central axis of the duct; - A mixer, the mixer comprising: -- Mixer body, and -- A blade plate having a plurality of blades, at least one of which is coupled to the mixer body; - A perforated plate extending across the exhaust duct and disposed downstream of the mixer, the perforated plate including a plurality of perforations, each of the plurality of perforations being configured to facilitate exhaust gas passage through the perforated plate; and - A first flow disruptor, which protrudes from or is integrally formed with the perforated plate and extends toward the central axis of the conduit.

13. The exhaust aftertreatment system according to claim 12, further comprising: A second flow disruptor, which protrudes from or is integrally formed with the perforated plate, extends toward the central axis of the catheter. The perforated plate extends between the first flow disruptor and the second flow disruptor, and separates the first flow disruptor from the second flow disruptor.

14. The exhaust aftertreatment system according to claim 12, wherein, At least a portion of the first flow disruptor is disposed upstream of the perforation.

15. The exhaust aftertreatment system according to any one of claims 12-14, wherein: The perforation includes: Multiple first perforations, each of the first perforations having a first diameter, Multiple second perforations, each of the second perforations having a second diameter greater than the first diameter, and Multiple third perforations, each of which has a third diameter larger than the second diameter; and The second perforation is disposed between the first perforation and the third perforation.

16. An exhaust aftertreatment system, comprising: An exhaust duct, the exhaust duct being centered on a central axis and including an inner surface; A mixer, the mixer including a mixer outlet disposed along a mixer outlet plane; A perforated plate, coupled to the exhaust duct and disposed downstream of the mixer, the perforated plate including a plurality of perforations, each of the plurality of perforations being configured to facilitate exhaust gas passage through the perforated plate; as well as A flow disruptor, located downstream of the mixer and circumferentially disposed around the central axis of the conduit, extends inwardly from the inner surface and is configured such that: , where d c S is the diameter of the exhaust duct, and S d The distance between the flow disruptors and the mixer outlet plane is along the central axis of the conduit. , where h r It is the height of the flow disruptor from the exhaust duct to the center point of the downstream edge of the flow disruptor; Wherein, the flow disruptor: Coupled to the exhaust duct, It is integrally formed with the exhaust duct. Coupled to the perforated plate, or It is integrally formed with the perforated plate.

17. The exhaust aftertreatment system according to claim 16, wherein, The flow disruptor is shaped as part of a semi-dome.

18. The exhaust aftertreatment system according to claim 16, wherein, The flow disruptor is positioned upstream of the perforation.

19. The exhaust aftertreatment system according to any one of claims 16-18, further comprising: An injector configured to supply a treatment fluid or an air-treatment fluid mixture into the exhaust duct along a spray axis; The flow disruptor is aligned with the jet axis such that the plane along which the jet axis extends divides the flow disruptor in two.

20. The exhaust aftertreatment system according to claim 19, wherein: The mixer further includes a processing liquid inlet configured to receive the processing liquid or the air-processing liquid mixture; and The mixer is configured such that the jet axis extends through the processing liquid inlet.

21. The exhaust aftertreatment system of claim 1, wherein each of the flow disruptors is coupled to the exhaust duct.

22. The exhaust aftertreatment system of claim 1, wherein each of the flow disruptors is integrally formed with the exhaust duct.

23. An exhaust aftertreatment system, comprising: - An exhaust duct, the exhaust duct being centered on a central axis and including an inner surface; - A mixer, the mixer comprising: -- A mixer body, the mixer body being spaced apart from the inner surface, and -- A blade plate having a plurality of blades, at least one of which is coupled to the mixer body; as well as - A plurality of flow disruptors are disposed downstream of the mixer, circumferentially surrounding and spaced apart from the central axis of the duct, each of the flow disruptors extending inward from the inner surface and integrally formed with the exhaust duct.

24. An exhaust aftertreatment system, comprising: - An exhaust duct, the exhaust duct being centered on a central axis and including an inner surface; - A mixer, the mixer comprising: -- Mixer body, and -- An upstream blade plate having a plurality of upstream blades, at least one of the upstream blades being coupled to the mixer body; and - A plurality of flow disruptors, the plurality of flow disruptors being arranged downstream of the mixer and circumferentially around the central axis of the duct, each of the flow disruptors being coupled to or integrally formed with the exhaust duct, and each of the flow disruptors extending inward from the inner surface; The mixer further includes: -- A processing fluid inlet, located downstream of the upstream blade plate, and configured to receive processing fluid or an air-processing fluid mixture, and -- Mixer outlet, the mixer outlet being configured to provide exhaust gas and the treatment fluid or the air-treatment fluid mixture to the exhaust duct; The mixer outlet is located along the mixer outlet plane; and in, , where d c S is the diameter of the exhaust duct, and S d It is the flow disruptor spacing between at least one of the flow disruptors along the central axis of the conduit and the mixer outlet plane.

25. An exhaust aftertreatment system, comprising: - An exhaust duct, the exhaust duct being centered on a central axis and including an inner surface; - A mixer, the mixer comprising: -- Mixer body, and -- An upstream blade plate having a plurality of upstream blades, at least one of the upstream blades being coupled to the mixer body; and - A plurality of flow disruptors, the plurality of flow disruptors being arranged downstream of the mixer and circumferentially around the central axis of the duct, each of the flow disruptors being coupled to or integrally formed with the exhaust duct, and each of the flow disruptors extending inward from the inner surface; The flow disruptor includes: -- A first flow disruptor, the first flow disruptor having a first downstream edge, the first downstream edge having a first center point, the first center point being separated from the exhaust duct by a first radial height h. r1 ,and -- A second flow disruptor, the second flow disruptor having a second downstream edge, the second downstream edge having a second center point, the second center point being separated from the exhaust duct by a second radial height h. r2 ; Wherein, the first flow disruptor is configured to make , where d c It is the diameter of the exhaust duct; and Wherein, the second flow disruptor is configured to make .

26. The exhaust aftertreatment system according to claim 25, wherein, The first flow disruptor and the second flow disruptor are configured such that h r1 = h r2 .

27. The exhaust aftertreatment system according to claim 25, wherein: The mixer also includes: A processing fluid inlet, located downstream of the upstream blade plate, is configured to receive processing fluid or an air-processing fluid mixture. A mixer outlet configured to supply exhaust gas and the treatment fluid or the air-treatment fluid mixture to the exhaust duct; The mixer outlet is located along the mixer outlet plane; and , where d c S is the diameter of the exhaust duct, and S d It is the flow disruptor spacing between at least one of the flow disruptors along the central axis of the conduit and the mixer outlet plane.

28. The exhaust aftertreatment system according to claim 27, wherein, The first flow disruptor and the second flow disruptor are configured such that h r1 = h r2 .

29. The exhaust aftertreatment system according to claim 25, wherein, At least one of the flow disruptors is shaped as part of a semi-dome.

30. The exhaust aftertreatment system according to claim 29, wherein, The first flow disruptor and the second flow disruptor are configured such that h r1 = h r2 .

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