6ghz-18ghz wide angle scanning high polarization purity horn array antenna

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of broadband array antennas, and particularly discloses a 6GHz-18GHz wide-angle scanning high-polarization-purity horn array antenna which comprises a metal horn body and a plurality of coaxial connectors; the metal horn body comprises two groups of symmetrically arranged side cover plates and a double-ridge cavity body; the double-ridge cavity body comprises a plurality of groups of wide-side walls connected with the two groups of side cover plates, double-ridge structures located between adjacent two groups of wide-side walls, a barret structure arranged at the bottom of the double-ridge structures and a floor plate connecting the double-ridge structures, the wide-side walls and the cover plates into an integrated whole; the application effectively realizes a broadband array with high polarization purity in a 6GHz-18GHz frequency range within a scanning range of + / -60 degrees; the cross-polarization suppression in the 6GHz-18GHz frequency band within the scanning range of + / -60 degrees is greater than 40dB, and the normal cross-polarization suppression is greater than 50dB.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of broadband array antenna technology, and more specifically, to a 6GHz-18GHz wide-angle scanning high polarization purity horn array antenna with high polarization purity in a ±60° scanning range. Background Technology

[0002] In cross-polarization jamming applications, high polarization purity is required for the jamming antenna to achieve the desired jamming effect. On the other hand, since the frequency and azimuth information of the target object are unknown, the jamming antenna must have wide bandwidth and wide-angle scanning capability. The widely used Vivaldi type of tapered slot antenna has an ultra-wide operating bandwidth and excellent wide-angle scanning performance, but its polarization purity, especially at large scanning angles, is relatively low.

[0003] Chinese patent, publication number CN109494464A, entitled "A 6GHz-18GHz wide-angle scanning high polarization purity horn array antenna with low cross-polarization ultrawideband strong coupling antipodal dipole phased array antenna", achieves cross-polarization characteristics of over 30dB in the 2GHz-10GHz frequency band with ±45° scanning.

[0004] The paper "Low Cross-Polarization Ultrawideband Tightly Coupled Balanced Antipodal Dipole Array" (IEEE Transactions on antennas and propagation, vol. 68, no. 6, June 2020, 4479-4488) achieves cross-polarization characteristics of over 25dB in the 2GHz-10GHz band with ±60° scanning.

[0005] Both of them use similar antenna structures, consisting of antenna elements of microwave printed circuits and wide-angle matching layers. The structural strength is relatively low, and although the polarization purity is improved compared to the Vivaldi antenna, it needs to be further improved if it is used for cross-polarization interference. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a 6GHz-18GHz wide-angle scanning high polarization purity horn array antenna for cross-polarization interference, which has high polarization purity and high intensity within a ±60° scanning range;

[0007] The solution adopted by this invention to solve the technical problem is:

[0008] A 6GHz-18GHz wide-angle scanning high polarization purity horn array antenna includes a metal horn body and multiple coaxial connectors mounted on the bottom of the metal horn body with their axes on the same plane.

[0009] The metal horn body includes two sets of symmetrically arranged side cover plates, and a double-ridge cavity located between the two sets of side cover plates and connected to the side cover plates;

[0010] The double-ridge cavity includes multiple sets of wide sidewalls connected to two sets of side cover plates respectively, a double-ridge structure located between two adjacent sets of wide sidewalls, a balun structure set at the bottom of the double-ridge structure and connected to a coaxial connector, and a floor installed at the bottom of the double-ridge structure and connecting the double-ridge structure, wide sidewalls and cover plates into one unit.

[0011] Two sets of adjacent wide sidewalls, the double-ridge structure between the two sets of wide sidewalls, the portion of the side cover plate located between the two sets of wide sidewalls, and the portion of the floor located between the two sets of wide sidewalls together form a horn unit; the horn unit consists of multiple sets and forms a one-dimensional array along the narrow side of the waveguide.

[0012] In some possible implementations,

[0013] The distance between two adjacent sets of wide sidewalls is 8-10 mm. In two adjacent sets of double-ridge structures, the ridges that are close to each other share a single set of wide sidewalls. The wide sidewalls at the edges are appropriately thickened to improve structural strength and reduce standing waves.

[0014] In some possible implementations,

[0015] The double-ridge structure includes two sets of identical ridges composed of multiple segments of broken lines with gradually changing included angles. The width of the ridges gradually increases from the side closer to the floor towards the horn face of the horn unit.

[0016] In some possible implementations,

[0017] In the same set of double-ridge structures, the ridge includes three segments connected in sequence: a first segment, a second segment, and a third segment; wherein the included angle formed by the two sets of first segments is 15-20°, the included angle formed by the two sets of second segments is 5-10°, and the included angle formed by the two sets of third segments is 1-3°.

[0018] The width of the ridge near the floor is 2-4mm, and the width of the ridge near the flared end is 12-21mm.

[0019] In some possible implementations,

[0020] The balun structure includes a slot with an opening facing downwards on the side of the ridge near the coaxial connector, a power supply stub integrally formed with the ridge and located within the slot, and a mounting hole on the floor for mounting the coaxial connector.

[0021] One end of the coaxial connector passes through the mounting hole and is connected to the power supply stub; the mounting hole is connected to the slot; a gap is formed between the side of the power supply stub near the floor and the floor, which is connected to the slot.

[0022] In some possible implementations,

[0023] The coaxial connector includes a metal housing, a support medium mounted on the metal housing, and an inner conductor fitted inside the support medium, with one end located inside the metal housing and the other end connected by a power supply stub.

[0024] In some possible implementations,

[0025] The inner conductor includes a metal post one fitted inside a metal shell, a metal post two with one end located inside a support medium and the other end extending into the metal shell, and a button located between and connected to the metal post one and the metal post two.

[0026] In some possible implementations,

[0027] The supporting medium, metal column one, metal column two, and the hair button are arranged coaxially.

[0028] In some possible implementations,

[0029] The mounting hole includes an internal threaded hole and a through hole coaxially connected to the internal threaded hole. The outer side of the metal housing is provided with an external thread that mates with the internal threaded hole. The through hole through which one end of the metal post away from the button passes is elastically connected to the power supply branch.

[0030] In some possible implementations,

[0031] The support medium is made of PTEE material.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0033] This invention uses multiple array units arranged along the narrow side to form a one-dimensional array, thereby achieving a broadband array with high polarization purity within a ±60° scanning range and a frequency range of 6GHz-18GHz.

[0034] This invention exhibits cross-polarization suppression greater than 40dB within a ±60° scanning range and a frequency band of 6GHz-18GHz, with normal cross-polarization suppression greater than 50dB, demonstrating excellent high polarization purity.

[0035] This invention effectively achieves a conductive connection between the metal column and the ridge through elastic contact by setting a snap button.

[0036] This invention connects the metal casing to the floor via external threads, eliminating the need for welding. The device is simple in structure, easy to manufacture, and low in cost. Attached Figure Description

[0037] Figure 1 This is a top view of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 for Figure 1 AA section view;

[0039] Figure 3 for Figure 1 BB section view;

[0040] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A magnified view of region C;

[0041] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the coaxial connector in this invention;

[0042] Figure 6 This is the normal main polarization and cross polarization pattern of Example 1;

[0043] Figure 7 This is the main polarization and cross-polarization pattern at -45° scan in Example 1;

[0044] Figure 8 This is the main polarization and cross-polarization pattern at -60° scan in Example 1;

[0045] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0046] Wherein: 1-Metal horn body, 10-Double-ridge cavity, 101-Floor, 102-Double-ridge structure, 103-Wide sidewall, 104-Baron structure, 105-Power supply branch, 106-Slot, 107-Through hole, 108-Internal threaded hole, 11-Side cover plate, 2-Coaxial connector, 201-Metal housing, 202-Support medium, 203-Metal post one, 204-Metal post two, 205-Hair button. Detailed Implementation

[0047] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. The terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in this application do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Similarly, "a" or "one," etc., do not indicate a quantity limitation, but rather indicate the existence of at least one. In the implementation of this application, "and / or" describes the association relationship of related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" means two or more. For example, multiple positioning posts refer to two or more positioning posts. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0048] The present invention will now be described in detail.

[0049] like Figures 1-5 , Figure 9 As shown,

[0050] A 6GHz-18GHz horn array antenna includes a metal horn body 1 and a plurality of coaxial connectors 2 mounted on the bottom of the metal horn body 1 with their axes on the same plane; the plurality of coaxial connectors 2 described herein are at least two sets.

[0051] The metal horn body 1 includes two sets of symmetrically arranged side cover plates 11, and a double-ridge cavity 10 located between the two sets of side cover plates 11 and connected to the side cover plates 11; the side cover plates 11 and the double-ridge cavity 10 are connected by fasteners.

[0052] The two sets of side cover plates 11 are arranged symmetrically in a figure-eight shape, and the wide side wall 103 has an isosceles trapezoidal structure; a rectangular conical cavity is formed between the two adjacent sets of wide side walls 103 and the side cover plates 11; the small end of the rectangular conical cavity is located at the position of the coaxial connector 2.

[0053] The double-ridge cavity 10 includes multiple sets of wide sidewalls 103 connected to two sets of side cover plates 11 respectively, a double-ridge structure 102 located between two adjacent sets of wide sidewalls 103, a balun structure 104 disposed at the bottom of the double-ridge structure 102 and connected to the coaxial connector 2, and a floor 101 installed at the bottom of the double-ridge structure 102 and connecting the double-ridge structure 102, wide sidewalls 103 and cover plates into one unit;

[0054] Two sets of adjacent wide sidewalls 103, the double-ridge structure 102 between the two sets of wide sidewalls 103, the portion of the side cover plate 11 located between the two sets of wide sidewalls 103, and the portion of the floor 101 located between the two sets of wide sidewalls 103 together form a horn unit; the horn unit consists of multiple sets and forms a one-dimensional array along the narrow side direction of the waveguide.

[0055] The ridges on the same side of the multiple speaker units are connected to the coaxial connector 2, and the balun structure 104 is set on the ridge.

[0056] like Figure 1 As shown, the two sets of side cover plates 11 are arranged symmetrically in a figure-eight shape, and the wide side walls 103 have an isosceles trapezoidal structure; a rectangular conical cavity is formed between the two adjacent sets of wide side walls 103 and the two sets of side cover plates 11; the small end of the rectangular conical cavity is located at the coaxial connector 2, and the large end of the rectangular conical cavity serves as a flare; wherein, the wide side walls 103 are connected to the double ridge structure 102, serving as the wide side of the flare, and the area between the two sets of wide side walls 103 corresponding to the side cover plates 11 serves as the narrow side of the flare;

[0057] To avoid grating lobes, the size of the narrow side is determined by the maximum scanning angle and the highest operating frequency, while the size of the wide side is used to adjust the beamwidth and gain, and the height of the horn is used to adjust the standing wave ratio.

[0058] In some possible implementations,

[0059] like Figure 4 As shown, the balun structure 104 includes a slot 106 with an opening facing downwards, located on the side of the ridge near the coaxial connector 2, a power supply branch 105 integrally formed with the ridge and located in the slot 106, and a mounting hole on the floor 101 for mounting the coaxial connector 2.

[0060] One end of the coaxial connector 2 passes through the mounting hole and is connected to the power supply stub 105; the mounting hole is connected to the slot 106; the side of the power supply stub 105 near the floor 101 forms a gap with the floor 101 that is connected to the slot 106.

[0061] In some possible implementations,

[0062] like Figure 5 As shown, the coaxial connector 2 includes a metal housing 201, a support medium 202 mounted on the metal housing 201, and an inner conductor fitted inside the support medium 202, with one end located inside the metal housing 201 and the other end connected to the power supply stub 105. The inner conductor is reliably connected to the power supply stub through an elastic contact.

[0063] Furthermore, the inner conductor corresponding to each set of double-ridge structures 102 is connected to one of the ridges, and the ridge connected to the inner conductor is located in the same position in each rectangular cone cavity.

[0064] like Figure 3 As shown, all the inner conductors connected in the coaxial connection are connected to the right ridge in each set of double ridge structures 102.

[0065] In some possible implementations,

[0066] The inner conductor includes a metal post 203 fitted inside a metal casing 201, a metal post 204 with one end located inside a support medium 202 and the other end extending into the metal casing 201, and a button 205 located between and connected to the metal post 203 and the metal post 204.

[0067] Metal post 204 is fixedly connected to support medium 202; button 205 is an elastic structural component with telescopic function, and its structure is the same as that of button 205 assembly in the prior art, and it is installed in support medium 202; metal post 203 is installed above button 205 and can move axially within support medium 202; before assembly, button 205 is in its initial state, which will cause metal post 203 to extend out of support medium 202. After assembly, it is compressed by the pressure of the ridge, which causes metal post 203 to retract into support medium 202. The elasticity of button 205 is used to achieve conductive connection between the inner conductor of coaxial connector 2 and the ridge of double ridge cavity 10.

[0068] In this invention, the coaxial connector 2 and the metal horn body 1 are fixed together by screw-in installation. The inner conductor and the ridge of the metal horn are elastically connected to achieve electrical conduction. The whole process is without welding and can be processed using mature machining technology. It has the advantages of simple structure, easy processing and low cost.

[0069] In some possible implementations,

[0070] Each group of coaxial connections includes the support medium 202, metal column one 203, metal column two 204, and the hair button 205, which are coaxially arranged.

[0071] The mounting hole includes an internal threaded hole 108 and a through hole 107 coaxially connected to the internal threaded hole 108. The outer side of the metal housing 201 is provided with an external thread that mates with the internal threaded hole 108. The through hole 107 through which the end of the metal post 203 away from the button 205 passes is elastically connected to the power supply branch 105.

[0072] like Figure 4 As shown, the balun structure 104 includes a power supply branch 105 and a slot 106 formed by slotting on one set of ridges, and a mounting hole formed by opening on the floor 101; wherein the power supply branch 105 is coplanar with the outer surface of the ridge.

[0073] The internal threaded hole 108 is used to install the coaxial connector 2. The metal post 203 and the support medium 202 of the coaxial connector 2 pass through the through hole 107 and contact the feed stub 105 of the balun structure 104 to achieve power feeding. The slot 106 communicates with the through hole 107 and consists of two cuboids and a semi-cylinder. One cuboid is cut from the ridge to separate the feed stub 105 from the floor 101, and the other cuboid and semi-cylinder form a combination and are cut from the ridge to adjust the standing wave.

[0074] During assembly, the metal casing 201, which serves as the outer conductor, is connected to the ground 101 via a threaded connection. The inner conductor, with one end close to the ridge, passes through the through hole 107 and contacts the ridge. When the metal casing 201 is tightened, the button 205 will be in a compressed state and continuously increase the force on the metal post 203 so that the metal post 203 always remains conductive with the ridge.

[0075] Furthermore, the ridges that are connected to the inner conductor of the coaxial connector 2 are located in the same position in each rectangular cone cavity;

[0076] In some possible implementations,

[0077] like Figure 1 , Figure 9 As shown, the distance between two adjacent sets of wide sidewalls 103 is 8-10 mm, and the ridges that are close to each other in the two sets of adjacent double-ridge structures 102 share a set of wide sidewalls 103. The wide sidewalls 103 at the edge are appropriately thickened to improve structural strength and reduce standing waves.

[0078] In some possible implementations,

[0079] The double-ridge structure 102 includes two sets of ridges with the same structure and composed of multiple segments of broken lines with gradually changing included angles. The width of the ridges gradually increases from the side closer to the floor 101 toward the horn face of the horn unit.

[0080] The double-ridge structure 102 includes two sets of identical ridges that are close to each other on one side, with the included angle gradually increasing from the side closer to the floor 101 to the side farther away from the floor 101; the two sets of ridges are integrally formed with the floor 101, and one set of ridges is connected to the coaxial connector 2 located at the bottom of the floor 101.

[0081] In some possible implementations,

[0082] To facilitate simulation modeling and manufacturing of the ridge, in the same set of double ridge structures 102, the ridge includes three segments connected in sequence: a first segment, a second segment, and a third segment; wherein the included angle formed by the two sets of first segments is 15-20°, the included angle formed by the two sets of second segments is 5-10°, and the included angle formed by the two sets of third segments is 1-3°.

[0083] The width of the ridge on the side closest to the floor 101 is 2-4mm, and the width on the side closest to the flared end is 12-21mm.

[0084] In some possible implementations,

[0085] The support medium 202 is made of PTEE material.

[0086] Example 1:

[0087] In this embodiment, there are 16 sets of coaxial connector 2 and horn units, which are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence. The two are connected by elastic contact. The 16 sets of horn units form a one-dimensional array along the narrow side of the waveguide. The 16 sets of array units are arranged in parallel in sequence and their axes are on the same plane. The axis of the coaxial connector 2 corresponding to them is also on the same plane. The side cover plate 11 has a smooth wall structure. There is no precise alignment requirement between the double ridge cavity 10 and the side cover plate 11. The opening size of the horn is 52mm×6.5mm, and the height of the horn is 45mm. The ridge of the double ridge structure 102 is composed of three broken lines (broken line segment one, broken line segment two, and broken line segment three). The included angles formed by the two adjacent sets of ridges approaching each other on one side are 2°, 7°, and 17°, respectively. The axial distance between adjacent wide side walls 103 is 8.5mm.

[0088] The specific simulation results of the 6GHz-18GHz horn array antenna based on HFSS in this embodiment are explained below:

[0089] like Figure 6 As shown, the gains of the normal main polarization at 6GHz, 10GHz, 14GHz, and 18GHz are 15dB, 19.6dB, 20.6dB, and 24.3dB, respectively, and the cross-polarization gains are -68.2dB, -53.8dB, -46.1dB, and -28.8dB, respectively. The cross-polarization suppression within ±60° range is 83.2dB, 73.5dB, 66.8dB, and 53.2dB, respectively.

[0090] like Figure 7As shown, the gains of the main polarization at -45° during scanning at 6GHz, 10GHz, 14GHz, and 18GHz are 12.3dB, 17.2dB, 18.5dB, and 21.9dB, respectively, and the cross-polarization gains are -54.8dB, -55.2dB, -35.8dB, and -28.3dB, respectively. The cross-polarization suppression within ±60° range is 67.1dB, 72.5dB, 54.4dB, and 50.3dB, respectively.

[0091] like Figure 8 As shown, the gains of the main polarization at -60° scanning speeds of 6GHz, 10GHz, 14GHz, and 18GHz are 12.56dB, 16dB, 17.2dB, and 19.3dB, respectively, and the cross-polarization gains are -64.1dB, -47.9dB, -36.1dB, and -23.7dB, respectively. The cross-polarization suppression within ±60° ranges are 76.7dB, 64dB, 53.4dB, and 43dB, respectively.

[0092] The simulation results show that the present invention can suppress cross-polarization by more than 40dB within the ±60° scanning range and the 6GHz-18GHz frequency band, with normal cross-polarization suppression of more than 50dB; and has high polarization purity.

[0093] This invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The invention extends to any new feature or combination disclosed in this specification, as well as any new method or process step or combination disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A 6GHz-18GHz wide-angle scanning high polarization purity horn array antenna, characterized in that, Includes a metal horn body and multiple coaxial connectors mounted on the bottom of the metal horn body with their axes on the same plane; The metal horn body includes two sets of symmetrically arranged side cover plates, and a double-ridge cavity located between the two sets of side cover plates and connected to the side cover plates; The double-ridge cavity includes multiple sets of wide sidewalls connected to two sets of side cover plates respectively, a double-ridge structure located between two adjacent sets of wide sidewalls, a balun structure set at the bottom of the double-ridge structure and connected to a coaxial connector, and a floor installed at the bottom of the double-ridge structure and connecting the double-ridge structure, wide sidewalls and cover plates into one unit. Two sets of adjacent wide sidewalls, the double-ridge structure between the two sets of wide sidewalls, the portion of the side cover plate located between the two sets of wide sidewalls, and the portion of the floor located between the two sets of wide sidewalls together form a horn unit; the horn unit consists of multiple sets and forms a one-dimensional array along the narrow side of the waveguide. The two sets of side cover plates are arranged symmetrically in a figure-eight shape, and the wide side walls have an isosceles trapezoidal structure; a rectangular conical cavity is formed between the two adjacent sets of wide side walls and the two sets of side cover plates; The large end of the rectangular conical cavity serves as the flared opening; the wide sidewalls are connected to the double-ridge structure, serving as the wide side of the flared opening, and the area between the two sets of wide sidewalls corresponding to the side cover plate serves as the narrow side of the flared opening.

2. The 6GHz-18GHz wide-angle scanning high polarization purity horn array antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distance between two adjacent sets of wide sidewalls is 8-10mm, and the ridges that are close to each other in the two sets of adjacent double ridge structures share a set of wide sidewalls.

3. The 6GHz-18GHz wide-angle scanning high polarization purity horn array antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The double-ridge structure includes two sets of identical ridges composed of multiple segments of broken lines with gradually changing included angles. The width of the ridges gradually increases from the side closer to the floor towards the horn face of the horn unit.

4. The 6GHz-18GHz wide-angle scanning high polarization purity horn array antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that, The ridge comprises three segments connected sequentially: a first segment, a second segment, and a third segment; wherein the angle formed by the two sets of first segments is 15-20°, the angle formed by the two sets of second segments is 5-10°, and the angle formed by the two sets of third segments is 1-3°. The width of the ridge near the floor is 2-4mm, and the width of the ridge near the flared end is 12-21mm.

5. A 6GHz-18GHz wide-angle scanning high polarization purity horn array antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The balun structure includes a slot with an opening facing downwards on the side of the ridge near the coaxial connector, a power supply stub integrally formed with the ridge and located within the slot, and a mounting hole on the floor for mounting the coaxial connector. One end of the coaxial connector passes through the mounting hole and is connected to the power supply stub; the mounting hole is connected to the slot; a gap is formed between the side of the power supply stub near the floor and the floor, which is connected to the slot.

6. The 6GHz-18GHz wide-angle scanning high polarization purity horn array antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that, The coaxial connector includes a metal housing, a support medium mounted on the metal housing, and an inner conductor fitted inside the support medium, with one end located inside the metal housing and the other end connected by a power supply stub.

7. A 6GHz-18GHz wide-angle scanning high polarization purity horn array antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that, The inner conductor includes a metal post one fitted inside a metal shell, a metal post two with one end located inside a support medium and the other end extending into the metal shell, and a button located between and connected to the metal post one and the metal post two.

8. A 6GHz-18GHz wide-angle scanning high polarization purity horn array antenna according to claim 7, characterized in that, The supporting medium, metal column one, metal column two, and the hair button are arranged coaxially.

9. A 6GHz-18GHz wide-angle scanning high polarization purity horn array antenna according to claim 7, characterized in that, The mounting hole includes an internal threaded hole and a through hole coaxially connected to the internal threaded hole. The outer side of the metal housing is provided with an external thread that mates with the internal threaded hole. The through hole through which one end of the metal post away from the button passes is elastically connected to the power supply branch.

10. A 6GHz-18GHz wide-angle scanning high polarization purity horn array antenna according to any one of claims 6-9, characterized in that, The support medium is made of PTEE material.

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