A tool and method for quickly positioning a welding lug

Abstract

This invention discloses a tooling and operating method for quickly positioning and welding lifting lugs. The work includes: a rectangular outer frame structure fixed by longitudinal beams, symmetrical longitudinal beams, cross beams, and symmetrical cross beams; two crossbeams and two reinforcing longitudinal beams fixed within the rectangular outer frame; multiple adjusting seats on each of the longitudinal beams, symmetrical longitudinal beams, cross beams, and symmetrical cross beams, each with adjusting bolts; guide limiting strips on each of the cross beams and symmetrical cross beams; two guide limiting strips in the same group are used to guide and limit the left and right movement of the lifting lug; the thickness of the guide limiting strips is greater than the thickness of the lifting lug; a clamping bracket is provided inside the two guide limiting strips in the same group, and the clamping bracket is fixed to the cross beams and symmetrical cross beams by positioning screws, which can pass through the lifting lug and position and limit its location; the clamping bracket is used to clamp the lifting lug. This operating method enables rapid dimensional positioning of the lifting lug with the ground and shaped frame.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of rail transit, and specifically relates to a tooling and operating method for quickly positioning and welding lifting lugs. Background Technology

[0002] Equipment in the rail transit field has strict requirements for strength, reliability, and long service life. Most undercarriage equipment is fixed to the beams at the bottom of the vehicle by lifting lugs extending from the equipment cabinet. The tolerance between the holes of the lifting lugs (the hole spacing between the lifting lugs corresponds to the position of the mounting beams at the bottom of the vehicle, so it must meet the dimensional tolerance requirements of the mounting beams at the bottom of the vehicle) and the flatness of the lifting lugs themselves are particularly important. Currently, most undercarriage equipment lifting lugs are connected to the undercarriage cabinet by welding. The control of the dimensions between the lifting lugs and the flatness of the lifting lugs themselves during the welding process is especially important during mass production. Once welding deformation occurs, it will lead to a lot of manpower, material resources, and energy being spent on reshaping later, which is not conducive to the standardization of mass production and the guarantee of consistency.

[0003] The conventional manufacturing process involves correcting and grinding the welded frame, then inverting it onto a welding platform (using a pad higher than the thickness of the lifting lugs to suspend and elevate the frame). Lifting lugs are then inserted into the corresponding positions, and initial tack welding is used for positioning. This method is inefficient, requiring constant adjustments to the lug spacing to meet design requirements. Furthermore, because the frame is inverted and pressed against the welding platform, measuring the diagonal dimensions of the lifting lugs is impossible. The tack-fixed lugs and frame must be flipped over for measurement and adjustment. If a lug dimension changes and does not meet design requirements, the frame needs to be reshaped. Therefore, without specific tooling and fixtures for positioning, welding the lifting lugs is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and cannot fully guarantee design requirements. Improper operation can lead to irreparable damage, especially when a single equipment frame requires welding more than ten lifting lugs (the number of lifting lugs is typically 4-6 depending on the frame size). Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a tooling and operation method for quickly positioning and welding lifting lugs, so as to achieve rapid dimensional positioning of the lifting lugs and the ground and shaped frame.

[0005] The technical solution to achieve the purpose of this invention is as follows:

[0006] A tooling for quick positioning and welding lifting lugs, comprising:

[0007] A rectangular outer frame structure fixed by longitudinal beams, symmetrical longitudinal beams, cross beams, and symmetrical cross beams; two symmetrically arranged cross beams fixed inside the rectangular outer frame; and two reinforcing longitudinal beams symmetrically fixed between the two cross beams.

[0008] The longitudinal beam, symmetrical longitudinal beam, cross beam, and symmetrical cross beam are all equipped with multiple adjustment seats, and the adjustment seats are equipped with adjustment bolts, which are used to adjust the position of the entire tooling and the frame, so that the tooling and the frame are locked after the frame is located in the middle area of ​​the tooling.

[0009] Multiple guide and limiting strip groups are provided on both the crossbeam and the symmetrical crossbeam. Each guide and limiting strip group consists of two parallel guide and limiting strips, and the number of guide and limiting strip groups is the same as the number of welding positioning lugs. The two guide and limiting strips in the same group are used to guide and limit the left and right movement of the lugs. The thickness of the guide and limiting strip is greater than the thickness of the lug, and the difference in thickness between the two serves as the insertion gap for the lugs. A clamping bracket is provided inside the two guide and limiting strips in the same group. The clamping bracket is fixed on the crossbeam and the symmetrical crossbeam via a positioning screw. At the same time, the positioning screw can pass through the lug and position and limit the position of the lug. The clamping bracket is used to clamp the lugs.

[0010] A tooling for quick positioning and welding lifting lugs, the assembly process of which is as follows: multiple outer corner pieces are riveted together to form longitudinal beams, symmetrical longitudinal beams, cross beams and symmetrical cross beams by riveting, and multiple inner corner pieces are riveted together by riveting on the inner side; then multiple inner corner pieces are riveted together to form a crossbeam by riveting.

[0011] Multiple fastening bolts are first passed through the crossbeam, then through the reinforcing longitudinal beam, and finally tightened with nuts; the reinforcing longitudinal beam has a stop round steel welded in the middle area;

[0012] Multiple side adjustment seats are riveted to the longitudinal beam and the symmetrical longitudinal beam respectively using rivets; at the same time, adjusting bolts are screwed in using nuts on the side adjustment seats.

[0013] Multiple lateral adjustment seats are riveted to the crossbeam and symmetrical crossbeam respectively using rivets; at the same time, adjustment bolts are screwed in using nuts on the lateral adjustment seats.

[0014] Multiple guide and limiting strips are riveted to the pre-formed tooling frame using rivets;

[0015] Pass multiple positioning screws through the crossbeam and then through the symmetrical crossbeam, then through the clamping bracket, and finally tighten them with nuts.

[0016] A tooling for quick positioning and welding lifting lugs, the installation and use process of which is as follows:

[0017] After welding and shaping, place the frame flat on the welding platform so that the frame is in a horizontal position; then lift the welding lug tooling assembly and place it in the top area of ​​the frame, with the guide limit strip contacting the crossbeam surface of the top area of ​​the frame; then, after tightening the adjusting bolts around the perimeter, evenly distribute the distance of the welding lug tooling assembly in all directions so that the frame is located in the middle area of ​​the welding lug tooling assembly.

[0018] Insert the lifting lugs sequentially into the middle area of ​​the guide limiting strips that form a set of two slots. Then, insert the positioning screw upwards from the bottom of the frame, first through the lifting lugs, then through the crossbeam or symmetrical crossbeam, and then through the clamping bracket. Secure it with a nut. At this point, one end of the clamping bracket is locked by the nut, and the other end is pressed against the lifting lugs. The left and right directions of the lifting lugs are restricted within the area of ​​the two guide limiting strips. The positioning screw positions and limits the clamping lifting lugs.

[0019] Perform preliminary welding to connect the lifting lugs to the frame. After all the lifting lugs have been preliminarily welded, loosen the adjusting bolts around the perimeter, loosen the fixture, and lift it away from the frame.

[0020] The significant advantages of this invention compared to existing technologies are:

[0021] This invention provides a tooling structure and operating method for rapid positioning and welding of lifting lugs. It enables rapid dimensional positioning with the ground and shaped frame, and through this tooling, the lifting lug pieces can be quickly and accurately inserted. The lifting lug pieces to be welded are restricted within the specified tolerance range by positioning pins, clamping brackets, etc. After welding, the design requirements can be met, avoiding repetitive shaping work, greatly improving welding efficiency and tolerance requirements, ensuring the consistency of batch products, and reducing manufacturing costs and manufacturing difficulty. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a 3D view of the tooling and frame assembly.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a frontal 3D view of the tooling.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a reverse 3D view of the tooling.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the tooling and frame assembly process.

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the lug assembly process.

[0027] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Enlarged view of a portion of the image.

[0028] Figure 7A schematic diagram showing the positioning screw passing through the lifting lug.

[0029] Figure 8 This diagram shows the positioning screw and the clamping bracket being locked together by a nut.

[0030] Figure 9 This diagram illustrates how the lower end of the positioning screw is locked to the lifting lug, and the upper end is locked to the clamping bracket using a nut.

[0031] Figure 10 A cross-sectional view showing the lower end of the positioning screw and the lifting lug, and the upper end locked to the clamping bracket by a nut.

[0032] Figure 11 A 3D view showing the lower end of the positioning screw and the lifting lug, and the upper end locked to the clamping bracket by a nut.

[0033] Figure 12 for Figure 11 Enlarged view of a portion of the image.

[0034] Figure 13 This is a drawing showing the dimensional tolerances required after welding the frame and the lifting lugs.

[0035] Figure 14 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the positioning screw. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0037] Combination Figures 1-14 The tooling 1 for a quick-positioning welding lug in this embodiment includes a longitudinal beam 1-1, a reinforcing longitudinal beam 1-2, a symmetrical longitudinal beam 1-3, a crossbeam 1-4, a transverse adjustment seat 1-5, a clamping bracket 1-6, a guide limit strip 1-7, a bridging crossbeam 1-8, a symmetrical crossbeam 1-9, a stop round steel 1-10, a side adjustment seat 1-11, an outer wrap angle 1-12, an inner wrap angle 1-13, an adjusting bolt 1-14, a positioning screw 1-15, a rivet 1-16, nuts and washers, etc. 1-17.

[0038] The longitudinal beam 1-1 is arranged in parallel with the symmetrical longitudinal beam 1-3, and the transverse beam 1-4 is arranged in parallel with the symmetrical transverse beam 1-9. After the longitudinal beam 1-1, the symmetrical longitudinal beam 1-3, the transverse beam 1-4, and the symmetrical transverse beam 1-9 are fixed, they form the rectangular outer frame structure of the entire tooling. Two symmetrically fixed crossbeams 1-8 are fixed inside the rectangular outer frame, and two symmetrically fixed reinforcing longitudinal beams 1-2 are fixed between the two crossbeams 1-8. The reinforcing longitudinal beams 1-2 are provided with stop round steel 1-10.

[0039] Multiple guide and limiting strip groups are provided between the crossbeam 1-4 and the adjacent bridging crossbeam 1-8, and between the symmetrical crossbeam 1-9 and the adjacent bridging crossbeam 1-8. Each guide and limiting strip group consists of two parallel guide and limiting strips 1-7. The guide and limiting strips are fixed to the lower ends of the crossbeam 1-4, the symmetrical crossbeam 1-9, and the bridging crossbeam 1-8. The number of guide and limiting strip groups is the same as the number of protruding beams 2-1 extending from the frame 2 (corresponding to the number of welded positioning lugs 3). A clamping bracket 1-6 is provided inside the two guide and limiting strips 1-7 in the same group. The clamping bracket 1-6 can be detachably fixed to the crossbeam 1-4 and the symmetrical crossbeam 1-9 by means of a positioning screw 1-15. Multiple side adjustment seats 1-11 are fixed on the longitudinal beam 1-1 and the reinforcing longitudinal beam 1-2. Multiple transverse adjustment seats 1-5 are fixed on the cross beam 1-4 and the symmetrical cross beam 1-9. Nuts are provided on the side adjustment seats 1-11 and the transverse adjustment seats 1-5 for installing the adjustment bolts 1-14.

[0040] The following describes the assembly and fabrication process for some components:

[0041] The longitudinal beam 1-1, reinforcing longitudinal beam 1-2, symmetrical longitudinal beam 1-3, cross beam 1-4, bridging cross beam 1-8, and symmetrical cross beam 1-9 are all formed by cutting and drilling rectangular tubes. The material can be either stainless steel or carbon steel. After cutting, holes are drilled at the corresponding positions according to the design requirements.

[0042] The clamping bracket 1-6, guide limit strip 1-7, outer corner 1-12, inner corner 1-13 are made of steel plate through machine tool cutting, bending and other processes. The material can be either stainless steel or carbon steel.

[0043] The transverse adjustment seat 1-5 and the side adjustment seat 1-11 are made of steel plates through processes such as machine tool cutting, bending, and welding nuts. The material can be either stainless steel or carbon steel. The adjustment seat is equipped with a nut for turning the bolt.

[0044] The positioning screws 1-15 are machined from stainless steel round bars and serve as quick positioning lugs 3.

[0045] Adjusting bolts 1-14, rivets 1-16, nuts and washers 1-17, are all standard parts;

[0046] The stop round steel 1-10 is made of stainless steel round steel directly cut into shape; its function is to prevent the sling (nylon cloth belt) from slipping when it contracts into a triangle during the lifting process of the crane, so as to prevent the lifting process from being reversed, deviated and causing an uncontrollable dangerous situation. Its main purpose is to limit the sling from sliding inward when it forms a triangle and is subjected to force, so as to ensure a stable triangular force state during lifting.

[0047] The entire assembly process of the lifting lug is as follows:

[0048] Four outer corner pieces 1-12 are riveted together with rivets 1-16 to form longitudinal beam 1-1, symmetrical longitudinal beam 1-3, cross beam 1-4, and symmetrical cross beam 1-9. The inner sides are riveted together with four inner corner pieces 1-13 using rivets 1-16. Then, eight inner corner pieces 1-13 are riveted together with rivets 1-16 to form the crossbeam 1-8.

[0049] First, pass the 8 fastening bolts through the crossbeam 1-8, then through the reinforcing longitudinal beam 1-2, and then tighten them with nuts and washers 1-17; among them, the middle area of ​​the reinforcing longitudinal beam 1-2 is welded with a stop round steel 1-10, totaling 8 pieces;

[0050] Four side adjustment seats 1-11 are riveted to the corresponding longitudinal beam 1-1 and the corresponding symmetrical longitudinal beam 1-3 respectively using rivets 1-16; at the same time, adjusting bolts 1-14 are screwed in using nuts on the side adjustment seats 1-11.

[0051] The six transverse adjustment seats 1-5 are riveted to the corresponding crossbeams 1-4 and the corresponding symmetrical crossbeams 1-9 by rivets 1-16; at the same time, the adjustment bolts 1-14 are screwed in by nuts on the transverse adjustment seats 1-5.

[0052] The 24 guide limit strips 1-7 (6 sets each on the crossbeam 1-4 and the symmetrical crossbeam 1-9) are riveted to the already formed welded lifting lug tooling frame using rivets 1-16;

[0053] First, pass the 12 positioning screws 1-15 through the crossbeam 1-4 (and then through the symmetrical crossbeam 1-9 in the same way), and then through the clamping bracket 1-6. Tighten them with nuts, washers, etc. 1-17. If used frequently, this part does not need to be assembled.

[0054] This completes the assembly of the welding lug tooling component 1. The entire process requires no welding (welding can easily lead to deformation, which in turn makes it impossible to guarantee the design dimensions of the tooling itself). This structural form can guarantee the tolerance and flatness requirements of the tooling itself.

[0055] Frame 2: First, according to the design requirements, the parts after cutting and bending the various plates are assembled and welded. The main material can be either carbon steel or stainless steel. After welding, it is shaped and then polished. Lifting lug 3: Mainly made of 8mm thick stainless steel plate or carbon steel plate cut into shape.

[0056] The entire installation and use process of the tooling is as follows:

[0057] After welding and shaping, place the frame 2 flat on the welding platform so that the frame 2 is in a horizontal position; then use a crane or 4-6 people to lift the welding lifting lug tooling assembly 1 (at this time, the positioning screws 1-15 and clamping brackets 1-6 can be removed first, or this part can be left unassembled beforehand), and place it in the top area of ​​the frame 2 (at this time, the guide limit strips 1-7 are in contact with the crossbeam surface of the top area of ​​the frame 2); then, after tightening the adjusting bolts 1-14 around the perimeter, roughly evenly distribute the distance of the welding lifting lug tooling assembly 1 in the front, back, left, and right directions, so that the frame 2 can be basically located in the middle area of ​​the welding lifting lug tooling assembly 1;

[0058] Insert the lifting lugs 3 sequentially into the middle area of ​​the guide limit strips 1-7, which form a set of two pieces. Then, insert the positioning screws 1-15 upwards from the bottom of the frame 2, allowing them to pass through the lifting lugs 3 first, then through the crossbeams 1-4 (and through the symmetrical crossbeams 1-9 in the same way), and then through the clamping brackets 1-6. Tighten them with nuts and washers 1-17. At this point, one end of the clamping brackets 1-6 is locked by the nut, and the other end is pressed against the lifting lugs 3. In this state, the left and right directions of the lifting lugs 3 are restricted by their left and right guide limit strips. Within the area of ​​1-7 of the positioning strip (the gap on each side is only 0.5mm); while the thickness of its lifting lug 3 is 8mm, and the corresponding thickness of the guide limiting strip 1-7 is 10mm, the 2mm gap (or drop) allows the lifting lug 3 to be smoothly inserted (the 2mm thickness drop is pressed by the clamping bracket 1-6); similarly, the positioning screw 1-15 passes through in a stepped manner, so that the lifting lug 3 is restricted within the specified tolerance size range, forming a quick positioning and limiting of the clamping lifting lug 3;

[0059] Finally, the lifting lugs 3 are connected to the frame 2 by small-area preliminary welding. After all the lifting lugs 3 have been preliminarily welded, the adjusting bolts 1-14 around the perimeter can be loosened. The welding lifting lug tooling assembly 1 can be loosened by screwing and then lifted off the frame 2 by a crane or 4-6 people. After the preliminary welding of the lifting lugs 3, the dimensions are measured and verified, and then large-area welding is performed to ensure strength and reliability.

[0060] This process completes the welding of 12 lifting lugs 3 to the frame 2. No further dimensional positioning is required during the entire process. It can quickly and accurately meet the dimensional tolerances after welding the 12 lifting lugs 3 to the frame 2, greatly reducing the difficulty of operation, improving the consistency of each batch of products, meeting the needs of mass production, reducing the difficulty of welding and shaping, and reducing manufacturing costs.

Claims

1. A tooling for rapid positioning and welding of lifting lugs, characterized in that, include: A rectangular outer frame structure fixed by longitudinal beams, symmetrical longitudinal beams, cross beams, and symmetrical cross beams; two symmetrically arranged cross beams fixed inside the rectangular outer frame; and two reinforcing longitudinal beams symmetrically fixed between the two cross beams. The longitudinal beam, symmetrical longitudinal beam, cross beam, and symmetrical cross beam are all equipped with multiple adjustment seats, and the adjustment seats are equipped with adjustment bolts, which are used to adjust the position of the entire tooling and the frame, so that the tooling and the frame are locked after the frame is located in the middle area of ​​the tooling. Multiple guide and limiting strip groups are provided on both the crossbeam and the symmetrical crossbeam. Each guide and limiting strip group consists of two parallel guide and limiting strips, and the number of guide and limiting strip groups is the same as the number of positioning lifting lugs being welded. The two guide and limiting strips in the same group are used to guide and limit the left and right movement of the lifting lugs. The thickness of the guide and limiting strips is greater than the thickness of the lifting lugs, and the thickness difference between the two serves as the insertion gap for the lifting lugs. A clamping bracket is provided inside the two guide and limiting strips in the same group. The clamping bracket is fixed to the crossbeam and the symmetrical crossbeam by a positioning screw, and the positioning screw can pass through the lifting lugs to position and limit the position of the lifting lugs. The clamping bracket is used to clamp the lifting lugs. The operation method of the tooling is as follows: After welding and shaping, place the frame flat on the welding platform so that the frame is in a horizontal position; then lift the welding lug fixture and place it in the top area of ​​the frame, with the guide limit strip in contact with the crossbeam surface of the top area of ​​the frame; then, after tightening the adjusting bolts around the perimeter, evenly distribute the distance of the welding lug fixture in all directions so that the frame is located in the middle area of ​​the welding lug fixture. Insert the lifting lugs sequentially into the middle area of ​​the guide limit strips that form a group of two channels. Then, insert the positioning screw upwards from the bottom of the frame, first through the lifting lugs, then through the crossbeam or symmetrical crossbeam, and then through the clamping bracket. Secure it with a nut. At this point, one end of the clamping bracket is locked by the nut, and the other end is pressed against the lifting lugs. The left and right directions of the lifting lugs are restricted within the area of ​​the two guide limit strips. The positioning screw positions and limits the clamping lifting lugs. Perform preliminary welding to connect the lifting lugs to the frame. After all the lifting lugs have been preliminarily welded, loosen the adjusting bolts around the perimeter, loosen the fixture, and lift it away from the frame.

2. The tooling for rapid positioning and welding of lifting lugs according to claim 1, characterized in that, The longitudinal beams, symmetrical longitudinal beams, cross beams, and symmetrical cross beams are fixed by riveting. The two cross beams are fixed inside the rectangular outer frame by riveting, and the two reinforcing longitudinal beams are fixed between the two cross beams by fasteners.

3. The tooling for quick positioning and welding lifting lugs according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The longitudinal beams, symmetrical longitudinal beams, cross beams, and symmetrical cross beams have outer corners on their outer sides and are riveted together with rivets, and inner corners on their inner sides and are riveted together with rivets. The cross beams that cross over the rectangular outer frame have inner corners and are riveted together with rivets.

4. The tooling for quick positioning and welding lifting lugs according to claim 1, characterized in that, The middle area of ​​the reinforcing longitudinal beam is equipped with a stop round steel.

5. The tooling for rapid positioning and welding of lifting lugs according to claim 1, characterized in that, The assembly process is as follows: multiple outer corner pieces are riveted together to form longitudinal beams, symmetrical longitudinal beams, cross beams, and symmetrical cross beams; multiple inner corner pieces are riveted together to form the inner side; then multiple inner corner pieces are riveted together to form the cross beam. Multiple fastening bolts are first passed through the crossbeam, then through the reinforcing longitudinal beam, and finally tightened with nuts; the reinforcing longitudinal beam has a stop round steel welded in the middle area; Multiple side adjustment seats are riveted to the longitudinal beam and the symmetrical longitudinal beam respectively by rivets; at the same time, adjustment bolts are screwed in by nuts on the side adjustment seats; the side adjustment seats are adjustment seats set on the longitudinal beam and the symmetrical longitudinal beam. Multiple lateral adjustment seats are riveted to the crossbeam and the symmetrical crossbeam respectively using rivets; at the same time, adjusting bolts are screwed in using nuts on the lateral adjustment seats; the lateral adjustment seats are adjustment seats set on the crossbeam and the symmetrical crossbeam. Multiple guide and limiting strips are riveted to the pre-formed tooling frame using rivets; Pass multiple positioning screws through the crossbeam or symmetrical crossbeam first, then through the clamping bracket, and tighten them with nuts.

6. The tooling for quick positioning and welding lifting lugs according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gap between the lifting lug and the left and right side guide limit strips is 0.5mm.

7. The tooling for quick positioning and welding lifting lugs according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness difference between the lifting lug and the guide limit strip is 2mm.

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