A method for germination of malvaviscus arboreus seeds

Abstract

This invention proposes a method for germinating seeds of *Hibiscus truncata* (sea ice hibiscus). The method includes: disinfecting dormant *Hibiscus truncata* seeds; soaking the disinfected seeds in a solution selected from hydrogen peroxide, gibberellic acid, and boric acid; and placing the soaked seeds in a germination bed for germination culture. This germination method uses a chemical soaking process to promote germination. The chemical is relatively safe, and the method can effectively promote the germination of *Hibiscus truncata* seeds, showing promising application prospects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of biotechnology, and more particularly to a method for germinating seeds of Hibiscus truncata. Background Technology

[0002] Sea hibiscus, also known as sea rose, seawall tree, or yellow hibiscus, is a deciduous shrub, semi-evergreen shrub, or small tree belonging to the genus Hibiscus in the Malvaceae family. Due to human-caused damage, it is now listed as a rare and endangered tree species in Zhejiang Province. Sea hibiscus has a well-developed root system and is highly adaptable to various soil types, exhibiting tolerance to salt, waterlogging, and drought. The bast fibers of its branches are flexible and elastic, while its intertwined underground roots provide structural support and some wind resistance. Therefore, sea hibiscus has become a key plant for ecological protection and restoration in many coastal areas.

[0003] However, the seeds of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis have a certain dormancy period, and their special living environment makes it difficult for them to germinate under natural conditions. In the existing technology, Wang Xiaoxue et al. treated Hibiscus rosa-sinensis seeds with concentrated sulfuric acid, which significantly promoted seed germination. However, concentrated sulfuric acid is highly corrosive and has a high risk factor when operated, making it inconvenient to operate in actual production applications. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a safer and more reliable method to promote the germination of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis seeds. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention proposes a method for germinating seeds of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis, aiming to improve the germination efficiency of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis seeds and reduce the difficulty and danger of operation.

[0005] The technical solution of this invention is implemented as follows: This invention provides a method for germinating seeds of Hibiscus truncata, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Disinfect the seeds of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis during their dormant period;

[0007] The disinfected seeds of Hibiscus truncatum were soaked in a solution consisting of one of hydrogen peroxide solution, gibberellic acid solution, and boric acid solution.

[0008] The seeds of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis after soaking were placed in a germination bed for germination culture.

[0009] In some embodiments, the disinfection process includes soaking dormant seashore hibiscus seeds in a 3% sodium hypochlorite solution for 15 minutes.

[0010] In some implementations, the germination culture time is 14 days, the culture temperature is 25°C, the light treatment is 12 hours per day, the air humidity of the culture environment is 60%, and the germination bed is kept moist during the culture period.

[0011] In some embodiments, the soaking solution is a hydrogen peroxide solution with a mass concentration of 0.1%-1%, and the soaking time is 12-24 hours.

[0012] In some embodiments, the soaking solution is a 1% hydrogen peroxide solution, and the soaking time is 24 hours.

[0013] In some embodiments, the soaking solution is GA3 with a mass concentration of 100-300 mg / L, and the soaking time is 12-24 h.

[0014] In some embodiments, the soaking solution is GA3 with a mass concentration of 300 mg / L, and the soaking time is 24 h.

[0015] In some embodiments, the soaking solution is a boric acid solution with a mass concentration of 0.2%-1%, and the soaking time is 12-24 hours.

[0016] In some embodiments, the soaking solution is a boric acid solution with a mass concentration of 0.2%, and the soaking time is 12 hours.

[0017] The GA3 mentioned in this invention is gibberellin A3.

[0018] The germination method for Hibiscus truncata seeds of the present invention has the following advantages over the prior art:

[0019] This invention provides a novel germination scheme for Hibiscus truncata seeds, which uses a specific concentration of germination agent at a specific concentration and time to induce germination, effectively improving the germination efficiency of Hibiscus truncata seeds. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 Bar chart showing the germination rate of seeds soaked in three different concentrations of the present invention for 12 hours;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a bar chart showing the germination potential of seeds soaked in three different concentrations of the present invention for 12 hours.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a bar chart showing the germination rate of seeds soaked in three different concentrations of the present invention for 24 hours;

[0024] Figure 4This is a bar chart showing the germination potential of seeds soaked in three different concentrations of the present invention for 24 hours.

[0025] Figure 5 This is a bar chart showing the germination index of seeds soaked in three different concentrations of the present invention for 12 hours;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a bar chart showing the germination time of seeds soaked in three different concentrations of the present invention for 12 hours;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a bar chart showing the germination index of seeds soaked in three different concentrations of the present invention for 24 hours;

[0028] Figure 8 This is a bar chart showing the germination time of seeds soaked in three different concentrations of the present invention for 24 hours. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] Unless otherwise defined, all pharmaceutical agents used in this invention are commercially available or prepared using known techniques.

[0031] Preparation Example 1

[0032] Prepare a 0.1% (w / w) aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide;

[0033] Preparation Example 2

[0034] Prepare a 0.3% (w / w) aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide;

[0035] Preparation Example 3

[0036] Prepare a 1% (w / w) hydrogen peroxide aqueous solution;

[0037] Preparation Example 4

[0038] Prepare an aqueous solution of gibberellin A3 with a concentration of 100 mg / L;

[0039] Preparation Example 5

[0040] Prepare an aqueous solution of gibberellin A3 with a concentration of 200 mg / L;

[0041] Preparation Example 6

[0042] Prepare an aqueous solution of gibberellin A3 with a concentration of 300 mg / L;

[0043] Preparation Example 7

[0044] Prepare a 0.2% (w / w) boric acid aqueous solution;

[0045] Preparation Example 8

[0046] Prepare a 0.5% (w / w) boric acid aqueous solution;

[0047] Preparation Example 9

[0048] Prepare a 1% (w / w) boric acid aqueous solution.

[0049] Example 1

[0050] Fifty seeds of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis during dormancy were selected and soaked in a 3% sodium hypochlorite aqueous solution for 15 minutes. After soaking, the seeds were dried and then soaked again in the hydrogen peroxide aqueous solution of Preparation Example 1 for 12 hours. After soaking in the hydrogen peroxide aqueous solution, the seeds were transferred to a petri dish with cotton placed at the bottom. The cotton was kept moist, and the temperature was maintained at 25°C and the air humidity at 60%. The seeds were cultured for 14 days with 12 hours of light per day. Germination was recorded, and the emergence of the embryo was considered germination.

[0051] Example 2

[0052] The conditions were the same as in Example 1, with the soaking time in the hydrogen peroxide aqueous solution being 24 hours.

[0053] Example 3

[0054] Fifty seeds of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis during dormancy were selected and soaked in a 3% sodium hypochlorite aqueous solution for 15 minutes. After soaking, the seeds were dried and then soaked again in the hydrogen peroxide aqueous solution of Preparation Example 2 for 12 hours. After soaking in the hydrogen peroxide aqueous solution, the seeds were transferred to a petri dish with cotton placed at the bottom. The cotton was kept moist, and the temperature was maintained at 25°C and the air humidity at 60%. The seeds were cultured for 14 days with 12 hours of light per day. Germination was recorded, and the emergence of the embryo was considered germination.

[0055] Example 4

[0056] The conditions were the same as in Example 3, with the soaking time in the hydrogen peroxide aqueous solution being 24 hours.

[0057] Example 5

[0058] Fifty seeds of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis during dormancy were selected and soaked in a 3% sodium hypochlorite aqueous solution for 15 minutes. After soaking, the seeds were dried and then soaked again in the hydrogen peroxide aqueous solution of Preparation Example 3 for 12 hours. After soaking in the hydrogen peroxide aqueous solution, the seeds were transferred to a petri dish with cotton placed at the bottom. The cotton was kept moist, and the temperature was maintained at 25°C and the air humidity at 60%. The seeds were cultured for 14 days with 12 hours of light per day. Germination was recorded, and the emergence of the embryo was considered germination.

[0059] Example 6

[0060] The conditions were the same as in Example 5, with the soaking time in the hydrogen peroxide aqueous solution being 24 hours.

[0061] Example 7

[0062] Fifty seeds of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis during dormancy were selected and soaked in a 3% sodium hypochlorite aqueous solution for 15 minutes. After soaking, the seeds were dried and then soaked again in the gibberellin A3 aqueous solution of Preparation Example 4 for 12 hours. After soaking in the gibberellin A3 aqueous solution, the seeds were transferred to a petri dish with cotton placed at the bottom. The cotton was kept moist, and the temperature was maintained at 25°C and the air humidity at 60%. The seeds were cultured for 14 days with 12 hours of light per day. Germination was recorded, and the emergence of the embryo was considered germination.

[0063] Example 8

[0064] The conditions were the same as in Example 7, with the gibberellin A3 aqueous solution soaking time being 24 hours.

[0065] Example 9

[0066] Fifty seeds of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis during dormancy were selected and soaked in a 3% sodium hypochlorite aqueous solution for 15 minutes. After soaking, the seeds were dried and then soaked again in the gibberellin A3 aqueous solution of Preparation Example 5 for 12 hours. After soaking in the gibberellin A3 aqueous solution, the seeds were transferred to a petri dish with cotton placed at the bottom. The cotton was kept moist, and the temperature was maintained at 25°C and the air humidity at 60%. The seeds were cultured for 14 days with 12 hours of light per day. Germination was recorded, and the emergence of the embryo was considered germination.

[0067] Example 10

[0068] The conditions were the same as in Example 9, with the gibberellin A3 aqueous solution soaking time being 24 hours.

[0069] Example 11

[0070] Fifty seeds of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis during dormancy were selected and soaked in a 3% sodium hypochlorite aqueous solution for 15 minutes. After soaking, the seeds were dried and then soaked again in the gibberellin A3 aqueous solution of Preparation Example 6 for 12 hours. After soaking in the gibberellin A3 aqueous solution, the seeds were transferred to a petri dish with cotton placed at the bottom. The cotton was kept moist, and the temperature was maintained at 25°C and the air humidity at 60%. The seeds were cultured for 14 days with 12 hours of light per day. Germination was recorded, and the emergence of the embryo was considered germination.

[0071] Example 12

[0072] The conditions were the same as in Example 11, with the gibberellin A3 aqueous solution soaking time being 24 hours.

[0073] Example 13

[0074] Fifty seeds of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis during dormancy were selected and soaked in a 3% sodium hypochlorite aqueous solution for 15 minutes. After soaking, the seeds were dried and then soaked again in the boric acid aqueous solution of Preparation Example 7 for 12 hours. After soaking in the boric acid aqueous solution, the seeds were transferred to a petri dish with cotton placed at the bottom. The cotton was kept moist, and the temperature was maintained at 25°C and the air humidity at 60%. The seeds were cultured for 14 days with 12 hours of light per day. Germination was recorded, and the emergence of the embryo was considered germination.

[0075] Example 14

[0076] The conditions were the same as in Example 13, with the boric acid aqueous solution soaking time being 24 hours.

[0077] Example 15

[0078] Fifty seeds of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis during dormancy were selected and soaked in a 3% sodium hypochlorite aqueous solution for 15 minutes. After soaking, the seeds were dried and then soaked again in the boric acid aqueous solution of Preparation Example 8 for 12 hours. After soaking in the boric acid aqueous solution, the seeds were transferred to a petri dish with cotton placed at the bottom. The cotton was kept moist, and the temperature was maintained at 25°C and the air humidity at 60%. The seeds were cultured for 14 days with 12 hours of light per day. Germination was recorded, and the emergence of the embryo was considered germination.

[0079] Example 16

[0080] The conditions were the same as in Example 15, with the boric acid aqueous solution soaking time being 24 hours.

[0081] Example 17

[0082] Fifty seeds of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis during dormancy were selected and soaked in a 3% sodium hypochlorite aqueous solution for 15 minutes. After soaking, the seeds were dried and then soaked again in the boric acid aqueous solution of Preparation Example 9 for 12 hours. After soaking in the boric acid aqueous solution, the seeds were transferred to a petri dish with cotton placed at the bottom. The cotton was kept moist, and the temperature was maintained at 25°C and the air humidity at 60%. The seeds were cultured for 14 days with 12 hours of light per day. Germination was recorded, and the emergence of the embryo was considered germination.

[0083] Example 18

[0084] The conditions were the same as in Example 17, with the boric acid aqueous solution soaking time being 24 hours.

[0085] Comparative Example 1

[0086] Fifty seeds of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis during dormancy were selected and soaked in a 3% sodium hypochlorite solution for 15 minutes. After soaking, the seeds were dried and then soaked again in clean water for 12 hours. After soaking in boric acid solution, the seeds were transferred to a petri dish with cotton placed at the bottom. The cotton was kept moist, and the temperature was maintained at 25°C and the air humidity at 60%. The seeds were cultured for 14 days with 12 hours of light per day. Germination was recorded, and the emergence of the embryo was considered germination.

[0087] Comparative Example 2

[0088] The conditions were the same as in Example 1, with a soaking time of 24 hours in clean water.

[0089] The germination status of Examples 1-18, Comparative Examples 1 and 2 was recorded, and the germination potential, germination rate, germination index, and average germination time were calculated. The calculation method is as follows:

[0090] Germination potential (%) = (Number of seeds germinating on day 3 / Number of seeds tested) × 100%

[0091] Germination rate (%) = (Total number of germinated seeds / Number of seeds tested) × 100%

[0092] Germination Index (GI) = ∑Gt / Dt (Gt—number of germinations on the given day, Dt—corresponding number of germination days)

[0093] Average germination time (d) = Σ(Dt×Gt) / ΣGt (Dt is the number of days for germination measurement, and Gt is the number of germinations on day Dt)

[0094] The calculation results for each embodiment are shown in the table below:

[0095] Results of 12-hour immersion treatment with hydrogen peroxide aqueous solutions of different concentrations:

[0096]

[0097] Comparison of data within the same column in the table; values ​​are mean ± standard deviation; different letters indicate significant differences (α = 0.05), the same applies below.

[0098] Results of 24-hour immersion treatment with hydrogen peroxide aqueous solutions of different concentrations:

[0099]

[0100] From the perspective of concentration, all hydrogen peroxide treatments differed from the control group. With the same soaking time, the germination rate and germination potential of seeds increased with increasing concentration. Treatment with 1% hydrogen peroxide significantly improved the germination rate and germination potential of *Hibiscus truncata* seeds compared to the control group. Seeds soaked in 1% hydrogen peroxide for 12 hours showed germination rate and germination potential 1.31 times and 1.53 times that of control group 1, respectively. Seeds soaked in 1% hydrogen peroxide for 24 hours showed germination rate and germination potential 1.33 times and 2.25 times that of control group 2, respectively. The 0.1% and 0.3% hydrogen peroxide treatments had less impact; with the same soaking time, the improvement in germination rate and germination potential was not as significant as in the 1% hydrogen peroxide treatment group.

[0101] From the perspective of soaking time, under the same concentration treatment, the germination rate and germination potential of *Hibiscus truncata* seeds treated for 24 hours showed a more significant promoting effect compared to the example treated for 12 hours and the comparative example. Overall, soaking seeds at a hydrogen peroxide concentration of 1% for 24 hours showed the most significant effect in promoting germination, with the highest germination rate and germination potential for *Hibiscus truncata* seeds reaching 19.33% and 16.5%, respectively.

[0102] Treatment with different concentrations of hydrogen peroxide aqueous solution affected the germination index and average germination time of *Hibiscus truncata* seeds. From a concentration perspective, at soaking times of 12 h and 24 h, the germination index of the 0.3% and 1% hydrogen peroxide treatment groups was significantly higher than other treatment groups. The germination index and average germination time of the 0.1% hydrogen peroxide treatment group were slightly higher than the water treatment group, but the effect was not significant. Regardless of whether the soaking time was 12 h or 24 h, the germination index of *Hibiscus truncata* seeds increased with increasing hydrogen peroxide concentration, but the effect of hydrogen peroxide treatment on the average germination time was not significant.

[0103] For the 12-hour soaking examples, the average germination time did not differ significantly, but the germination index varied among the examples, with the 1% hydrogen peroxide treatment group having the highest germination index at 0.91. For the 24-hour soaking examples, both the germination index and average germination time varied among the examples. The 0.3% hydrogen peroxide soaking group in Example 4 had the highest germination index at 0.95. The 0.1% hydrogen peroxide soaking group in Example 2 had the shortest average germination time at 8.78 days, a reduction of 0.78 days compared to Comparative Example 2.

[0104] Therefore, different concentrations of hydrogen peroxide and different soaking times will have different effects on the germination index and average germination time of Hibiscus truncata seeds. Higher concentrations of hydrogen peroxide and longer soaking times can increase the germination index, shorten the germination time, and promote seed germination.

[0105] Results of 12-hour immersion treatment with gibberellin A3 aqueous solutions of different concentrations:

[0106]

[0107] Results of 24-hour immersion treatment with gibberellin A3 aqueous solutions of different concentrations:

[0108]

[0109] The data above show that treating Hibiscus truncatum seeds with different concentration gradients of gibberellin A3 significantly promotes both germination rate and germination potential. As the concentration gradient of gibberellin A3 and the soaking time increase, the germination rate and germination potential of Hibiscus truncatum seeds also increase significantly.

[0110] From a concentration perspective, in both the 12-hour and 24-hour soaking examples, germination rate and germination potential gradually increased with increasing gibberellin A3 concentration. The example using 300 mg / L gibberellin A3 showed the highest germination rate and germination potential, significantly different from other examples. The germination rate and germination potential were 2.52 times and 4.42 times higher than the comparative examples, respectively, reaching 26.78% and 19.69%, and 36.67% and 32.4%, respectively. Furthermore, under the same soaking time, increasing the gibberellin A3 concentration also promoted the germination of Hibiscus truncata seeds.

[0111] From the perspective of soaking time, both the comparative and example studies showed that soaking for 24 hours resulted in significantly higher germination rates and germination potential compared to soaking for 12 hours. Comprehensive analysis revealed that soaking with gibberellin A3 was highly beneficial to the germination rate and germination potential of *Hibiscus truncata* seeds. The promoting effect became increasingly pronounced with increasing gibberellin A3 concentration and prolonged soaking time, with a 300 mg / L gibberellin A3 soaking for 24 hours being optimal.

[0112] The data in the table above show that soaking seeds with gibberellin A3 can improve the germination index of *Hibiscus truncata* seeds and reduce the average germination time. Firstly, from a concentration perspective, in the 24-hour soaking example, the germination index of *Hibiscus truncata* seeds significantly increased with increasing gibberellin A3 concentration, especially in the 300 mg / L gibberellin A3 treatment group, where the germination index reached its highest value of 2.98, which is 3.82 times that of control example 2. For the 12-hour soaking example, the change in germination index with increasing gibberellin A3 concentration was not significant.

[0113] Under different concentrations of gibberellin A3 treatment, the average germination time decreased with increasing soaking time. At 12 hours of soaking, the effect of gibberellin A3 concentration on the average germination time was not significant; however, after extending the soaking time to 24 hours, the average germination time decreased with increasing gibberellin A3 concentration. The most significant decrease was observed in Example 12 with 300 mg / L gibberellin A3, which had the shortest average germination time of 7.09 days.

[0114] From the perspective of soaking time, for all gibberellin A3 examples, increasing the soaking time from 12h to 24h not only significantly improved the germination index but also markedly reduced the average germination time. This effect was particularly pronounced in the examples with concentrations of 200mg / L and 300mg / L gibberellin A3. This indicates that gibberellin A3 can reduce the germination time of Hibiscus truncata seeds and further enhance the germination rate.

[0115] Overall, gibberellin A3 treatment can promote the germination of Hibiscus truncatum seeds to some extent, and the promoting effect gradually increases with increasing concentration and soaking time. Soaking seeds in 300 mg / L gibberellin A3 for 24 hours is optimal.

[0116] Results of 12-hour immersion treatment with boric acid aqueous solutions of different concentrations:

[0117]

[0118] Results of 24-hour immersion treatment with boric acid aqueous solutions of different concentrations:

[0119]

[0120] The data in the table above show that different concentrations of boric acid treatment for 12 hours and 24 hours affected the germination rate and germination potential of *Hibiscus truncata* seeds. Analyzing the concentrations, for the 12-hour soaking example, different concentrations of boric acid had no significant effect on germination rate and germination potential, but the difference compared to Comparative Example 1 was significant. Soaking with 0.2% boric acid yielded the best results, with germination rate and germination potential reaching 28.65% and 21.43%, respectively, which were 2.1 times and 3.07 times that of Comparative Example 1. For the 24-hour soaking example, the germination rate and germination potential of the 0.5% and 1% boric acid treatment groups were significantly higher than those of Comparative Example 2 and the 0.2% boric acid treatment group. The germination rate and germination potential reached 18.63% and 25.43%, and 9.13% and 19.56%, respectively.

[0121] Under the same soaking time, treatment with 0.2% boric acid significantly improved germination rate and germination potential, indicating that this treatment can promote seed germination. While 0.5% boric acid treatment increased the germination rate, the germination potential was lower, suggesting the possible presence of factors inhibiting germination. Treatment with 1% boric acid significantly improved germination potential, but did not significantly increase the germination rate. Extending the soaking time significantly improved both germination rate and germination potential, indicating that longer soaking times better promote seed germination. Furthermore, the differences in effectiveness between different soaking treatments decreased with increasing soaking time. Comprehensive analysis shows that boric acid treatment significantly improved the germination rate and germination potential of *Hibiscus truncata* seeds. Soaking in 0.2% boric acid for 12 hours yielded the best results.

[0122] The data in the table above shows that different concentrations of boric acid have varying effects on germination. From a concentration perspective, for the 12-hour soaking example, the germination index decreased with increasing boric acid concentration, with the 0.2% boric acid treatment group showing the best effect, achieving a germination index of 2.63, which is 3.5 times that of control example 1. For the 24-hour soaking example, the 0.1% boric acid treatment group had the highest germination index of 2.63, which is 3.37 times that of control example 2. Different concentrations of boric acid had little effect on the average germination time.

[0123] From a time perspective, for all boric acid treatment groups, the germination index increased when the soaking time was increased from 12 hours to 24 hours. However, the 1% boric acid treatment group, with a soaking time of 24 hours, showed significantly higher germination index and average germination time compared to other examples.

[0124] A comparative analysis of the examples of the different pharmaceutical agents described above was conducted.

[0125] from Figure 1 and Figure 2It can be seen that different soaking methods affect the germination rate and germination potential of Hibiscus truncatum seeds. When soaking for the same 12 hours, 0.2% boric acid was optimal, achieving a germination rate of 28.65% and a germination potential of 21.43%, which were 2.08 times and 3.07 times that of the water control group, respectively. Secondly, 300 mg / L gibberellin A3 was suitable. With increasing gibberellin A3 concentration and soaking time, both the germination rate and germination potential increased simultaneously, reaching 26.78% and 19.69%, respectively, which were 1.96 times and 2.82 times that of the water control group, respectively.

[0126] from Figure 3 and Figure 4 It can be seen that all three agents promoted the germination of Hibiscus truncatum seeds. Under the same 24-hour soaking time, the 300 mg / L gibberellin A3 treatment group showed the best performance. Its germination rate and germination potential were the highest among all treatment groups, at 36.67% and 32.4%, respectively, which were 2.52 times and 4.42 times that of the control group. The 200 mg / L gibberellin A3 treatment group followed, with a germination rate and germination potential of 31.33% and 29.2%, respectively. Among the hydrogen peroxide and boric acid treatment groups, 1% hydrogen peroxide and 1% boric acid showed the best performance, with germination rates and germination potentials of 19.33% and 25.43%, and 16.50% and 19.56%, respectively.

[0127] from Figure 5 and Figure 6 It can be seen that soaking seeds in the three agents for 12 hours had varying degrees of impact on the germination index and average germination time of *Hibiscus truncata* seeds. In terms of germination index, the boric acid treatment group showed a significant difference compared to the water treatment group and the other agent treatment groups, greatly increasing the germination index. Soaking in 0.2% boric acid for 12 hours yielded the best results, with a germination index of 2.63, which was 3.51 times that of the control group. There was no significant difference between the hydrogen peroxide treatment group and the gibberellin treatment group.

[0128] From the perspective of average germination time, all three agents reduced the average germination time. The group treated with 0.2% boric acid soaking for 12 hours had the shortest germination time of 7.95 days, which was 1.69 days shorter than the control group. There were no significant differences between the gibberellin and hydrogen peroxide treatment groups, but they also shortened the germination time.

[0129] Figure 7 and Figure 8It can be seen that treating *Hibiscus rosa-sinensis* seeds with the three agents for 24 hours all increased the germination index and reduced the average germination time. Among the three agents, the gibberellin A3 treatment group showed the best performance under the same 24-hour soaking time. The germination index of 300 mg / L gibberellin A3 was the highest among all treatment groups, reaching 2.98, which was 3.82 times that of the control group. The average germination time was also the shortest among all treatment groups, shortened by 2.04 days compared to the control group.

[0130] In summary, all three treatments promoted the germination of *Hibiscus truncata* seeds to varying degrees. Soaking with 300 mg / L gibberellin A3 for 24 hours yielded the best results, exhibiting the highest germination rate, germination potential, and germination index. However, the average germination time was shortest in the 0.2% boric acid soaking group (12 hours). Overall, soaking with 300 mg / L gibberellin A3 for 24 hours significantly improved the germination rate, germination potential, and germination index of *Hibiscus truncata* seeds, while soaking with 0.2% boric acid for 12 hours most effectively shortened the average germination time.

[0131] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for germination of malvaviscus arboreus seeds, characterized by, Includes the following steps: The seeds of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis in the dormant period were disinfected by soaking them in a 3% sodium hypochlorite solution for 15 minutes. The disinfected seeds of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis were soaked in a 0.2% boric acid solution for 12 hours. After soaking, the seeds of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis were placed in a germination bed for germination culture. The germination culture time was 14 days, the culture temperature was 25℃, the light treatment was 12 hours per day, and the air humidity of the culture environment was 60%. During the culture period, the germination bed was kept moist.

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