An indoor radon and tritium remote monitoring device and method

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of nuclear radiation detection technology, and more particularly to an indoor radon and tritium remote monitoring device and method. The device includes: an air inlet pipe, a solenoid valve, a gas splitter, a radon and tritium identification and separation measurement device, a gas collection and processing device, connecting pipes, ventilation and exhaust equipment, a programmable logic controller (PLC), a remote data link, a remote monitoring computer, and power supplies for each module and device. The air inlet pipe, solenoid valve, and gas splitter are sequentially connected via connecting pipes, and then respectively connected to the radon and tritium identification and separation measurement device and the gas collection and processing device. The PLC is electrically connected to the solenoid valve, the radon and tritium identification and separation measurement device, the gas collection and processing device, and the ventilation and exhaust equipment, and is connected to the remote monitoring computer via a remote data link. This solution enables remote separation and identification measurement of radon, tritium-related gases, and radon and tritium-related mixtures in high-radon environments within monitored indoor spaces. Based on actual measurement conditions and safety requirements for handling nuclear gases, it performs automated processing to ensure the safety of the air environment within the storage space of underground or low-level sealed nuclear facilities.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of nuclear radiation technology, and in particular to an indoor radon and tritium remote monitoring device and method. Background Technology

[0002] Within the storage space of underground or low-level enclosed nuclear facilities, due to the release of nuclear energy and the introduction of outdoor air, a mixture of high concentrations of radon (Rn), water tritide (HTO), and hydrogen tritide (HT) will form after slow infiltration and dissipation or accumulation. The radiation hazards of Rn, HTO, and HT vary depending on their activity concentrations. To ensure that the activity concentrations of radon and tritium-related gases in underground or low-level enclosed nuclear facility storage spaces remain below safe thresholds, remote and dynamic monitoring of these concentrations is necessary. Based on the detected values, appropriate measures should be taken to ensure that radiation protection and environmental safety assessments for personnel entering the space meet the established safety standards.

[0003] Currently, there are no remote monitoring devices or methods for indoor radon and tritium, and the following problems exist: 1. Existing technologies cannot meet the requirements for the identification, separation, and measurement of radon and tritium-related gases in high-radon environments. The automation level of the equipment is low, and the risk of radiation exposure to radon and / or tritium-related gases is high for personnel in underground or low-level enclosed nuclear facilities. 2. Existing detection of radioactive element gases mainly relies on sending sample gases for testing, which results in poor real-time performance. In addition, in-room testing poses potential risks to testing personnel. 3. Detection efficiency is low in large spaces. When the space to be tested is large, multiple measurement points need to be selected for testing. This can only be done manually, one measurement point at a time, or by deploying multiple detection devices at multiple measurement points simultaneously. This increases the cost of the number of on-site installations and the amount of manual labor. Setting up multiple detection devices also inevitably requires executing multiple monitoring processes, increasing the I / O data transmission volume and computational workload of the detection device controller. Therefore, it is difficult to comprehensively understand the specific distribution of radon and tritium indoors, which can lead to misjudgments by the system; fourth, there are no corresponding automated processing methods for different test results.

[0004] To address the dynamic monitoring of the environment in underground or low-level enclosed nuclear facility storage spaces and ensure environmental safety before personnel enter these spaces, a remote indoor radon and tritium monitoring device and method are needed. This device and method should be capable of remotely separating, identifying, and measuring radon, tritium-related gases, and radon-tritium mixtures in high-radon environments within monitored indoor spaces. Based on actual measurement data and safety requirements for handling nuclear gases, the device and method should perform automated processing to ensure the safety of the air environment within underground or low-level enclosed nuclear facility storage spaces. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The air environment within the storage space of underground or low-level enclosed nuclear facilities mainly includes: high-activity-concentration radon (Rn) mixed with water tritide (HTO) and hydrogen tritide (HT) gas; high-activity-concentration radon (Rn) mixed with low-activity-concentration water tritide (HTO) and hydrogen tritide (HT) gas; low-activity-concentration radon (Rn) mixed with high-activity-concentration water tritide (HTO) and hydrogen tritide (HT) gas; and low-activity-concentration radon (Rn) mixed with water tritide (HTO) and hydrogen tritide (HT) gas. The radioactive hazard of radon is mainly manifested in alpha particles (alpha rays), while the radioactive hazard of tritium-related gases is mainly manifested in beta particles (beta rays). Identifying and separating radon and tritium in high-radon environments requires physical, chemical, or a combination of physical and chemical methods to identify and measure the radiation hazards of radon and tritium in high-radon environments. Based on the above analysis, the present invention aims to provide a device for the identification, separation, measurement, and automatic treatment of radon and tritium in high radon environments. This device enables remote identification, separation, measurement, and automatic treatment of radon (Rn) and tritium in water tritide (HTO) and hydrogen tritide (HT) in high radon environments, thereby reducing radiation hazards and ensuring environmental safety for personnel.

[0006] This invention provides an indoor radon and tritium remote monitoring device, comprising: an air inlet pipe, a solenoid valve, a gas splitter, a radon and tritium identification and separation measurement device, a gas collection and processing device, connecting pipes, ventilation and exhaust equipment, a programmable logic controller, a remote data link, a remote monitoring computer, and power supplies for each module and device. The air inlet pipe, solenoid valve, and gas splitter are sequentially connected via connecting pipes, and then respectively connected to the radon and tritium identification and separation measurement device and the gas collection and processing device. The programmable logic controller is electrically connected to the solenoid valve, the radon and tritium identification and separation measurement device, the gas collection and processing device, and the ventilation and exhaust equipment, and is connected to the remote monitoring computer via a remote data link.

[0007] The radon-tritium discrimination and separation measurement equipment includes: a vacuum pump, an electronic vacuum gauge, a filter, a first ionization chamber, a first HTO separation device, a second ionization chamber, a three-way solenoid valve, a first dynamic balance valve, a third ionization chamber, a first flow meter, a bubbler, a second dynamic balance valve, an HT catalytic device, a second HTO separation device, a fourth ionization chamber, a second flow meter, a heating belt, a dryer, and an I / Q signal A / D conversion module;

[0008] The filter, first ionization chamber, first HTO separation device, and second ionization chamber are sequentially connected by a connecting pipe and connected to the input interface of a three-way solenoid valve. The first outlet of the three-way solenoid valve is sequentially connected by a connecting pipe to a first dynamic balance valve, third ionization chamber, first flow meter, bubbler, electronic vacuum gauge, and vacuum pump. The second outlet of the three-way solenoid valve is sequentially connected by a connecting pipe to a second dynamic balance valve, HT catalytic device, second HTO separation device, fourth ionization chamber, second flow meter, heating belt, dryer, electronic vacuum gauge, and vacuum pump.

[0009] The control terminals of the vacuum pump, three-way solenoid valve, first dynamic balance valve, second dynamic balance valve, dryer, and heating belt are connected to the I / Q signal A / D conversion module. The data I / O terminals of the first ionization chamber, second ionization chamber, third ionization chamber, and fourth ionization chamber are connected to the I / Q signal A / D conversion module, which is then connected to the programmable logic controller.

[0010] The preferred technical solution is as follows: the remote data link is a satellite data link consisting of a 5G low-orbit satellite IoT, a satellite telemetry and control power supply link, a satellite AMF / SMF / UPF, and a gNB base station, and / or a ground data link consisting of a low-power wireless wide area network and an Internet.

[0011] The preferred technical solution is as follows: the gas collection and processing equipment consists of a vacuum circulating nitrogen cooler, a pneumatic cryogenic butterfly valve, and a cryogenic insulation storage tank, which are connected sequentially by gas lines.

[0012] The preferred technical solution is as follows: the dryer is a dual-tube structure, including a first Nafion dryer and a second Nafion dryer. The sample gas enters from the input end of the first Nafion dryer and exits from the output end of the second Nafion dryer. A temperature and flow controller is provided at the inlet of the purge gas path of the second Nafion dryer to control the temperature and flow rate of the purge gas.

[0013] The preferred technical solution is as follows: the HT catalytic device comprises: the HT catalytic device is composed of catalytic boxes with two to six graded density gradients, the HT catalytic device uses Al2O3 plated with 1% palladium as the catalytic material of the HT catalytic device catalytic box, and the mass and distribution density of the catalytic material of each graded catalytic box increases sequentially from the gas inlet to the gas outlet.

[0014] The preferred technical solution is that the first ionization chamber, the second ionization chamber, the third ionization chamber, and the fourth ionization chamber are cancellation compensation ionization chambers.

[0015] The preferred technical solution is that the programmable logic controller is a UNC host or an industrial control computer.

[0016] The preferred technical solution is that the filter is a glass fiber filter membrane or a multilayer filter membrane kit.

[0017] The present invention also discloses an indoor radon-tritium remote monitoring method, applied to the aforementioned indoor radon-tritium remote monitoring device, comprising the following steps:

[0018] 101: Set environmental parameters and conditional thresholds for time and commands for solenoid valves, radon-tritium discrimination and separation measurement equipment, gas collection and treatment equipment, and ventilation and exhaust equipment through a programmable logic controller;

[0019] 102: The radon-tritium identification and separation measurement equipment is turned on. The pipeline environment of the radon-tritium identification and separation measurement equipment is purified. The solenoid valve of the air inlet pipe is closed by the programmable logic controller, and the three-way solenoid valve, the first dynamic balance valve and the second dynamic balance valve of the tritium identification and separation measurement equipment are in the open state.

[0020] 103: The vacuum pump of the radon-tritium discrimination and separation measuring device is started by controlling the programmable logic controller. After the vacuum parameter RH and humidity parameter δ meet the vacuum condition δ1 and humidity condition RH1, the vacuum pump is turned off. That is, if δ≤δ1 and RH≤RH1, the humidity parameter δ1 and vacuum parameter RH1 are recorded.

[0021] 104: The heating element of the radon-tritium discrimination and separation measuring device is heated to t by a programmable logic controller. When t≥t1, the heating is stopped.

[0022] 105: The solenoid valves of the intake pipes are opened sequentially by the programmable logic controller. The number of intake pipes is N, and the gas to be measured is input.

[0023] 106: The solenoid valve is closed according to the instruction condition threshold of the separation and discrimination measurement by the programmable logic controller, and the first current value I of the first ionization chamber is recorded. 1,i The second current value I in the second ionization chamber 2,i The third current value I in the third ionization chamber 3,i The fourth current value I of the fourth ionization chamber 4,i , i = 1, 2, ..., N;

[0024] 107: Based on the first current value I 1,i Second current value I 2,i The third current value I 3,i and the fourth current value I 4,i Calculate and record the activity concentration C of radon Rn. Rn,i The activity concentration C of HTO in tritium-treated water HTO,i Activity concentration C of tritium (HT) HT,i The activity concentration C of radon Rn Rn,i The formula is: In formula (A1), I 4,i The current value measured in the fourth ionization chamber, E α Radon gas R n The energy of the decaying alpha particle, C Rn,i Radon R in the mixed gas n Concentration, V is the sensitive volume of the fourth ionization chamber, The average ionization energy required to produce a pair of ions from an alpha particle; where the activity concentration C of tritium (HT) is... HT,i The formula is: In formula (A2), I 3,i The current value measured in the third ionization chamber; E β C is the energy of the β particle from the decay of tritium (HT). HT,i The concentration of tritium (HT) in the mixed gas; the activity concentration (C) of tritium-treated water (HTO). HTO,i for: In formula (A3), I 1,i The current value measured in the first ionization chamber, I 2,i The current value measured in the second ionization chamber, E β C is the energy of the β particle from the decay of tritium (HT). HTO,i The concentration of water tritium (HTO) in the mixed gas. The average ionization energy required to produce a pair of ions from a β particle;

[0025] 108: i = i + 1 (i = 1, 2, ..., N). If i ≤ N, return to 105; if i > N, go to 109.

[0026] 109: Calculate the average activity concentration of radon Rn collected from N intake pipes. Average activity concentration of HTO in tritium-treated water Average activity concentration of tritium (HT)

[0027] 110: Safe emission values ​​for Rn activity concentration Safe discharge values ​​of tritium-treated water (HTO) Safe emission values ​​for tritium (HT) activity concentration if and and Then, the ventilation and exhaust equipment is controlled by a programmable logic controller to directly extract gas to the outside. If the following conditions are met... One or more of them, and In this case, the programmable logic controller (PLC) controls the ventilation and exhaust equipment to first circulate the indoor air and then exhaust it to the outside. Otherwise, the PLC controls the gas collection and processing equipment to collect the indoor air.

[0028] 111: The programmable logic controller determines whether the time setting for the next power-on is met; if so, it jumps to 101.

[0029] 112: The remote monitoring computer collects the recorded information of the programmable logic controller through a remote data link, and can set environmental parameters and condition thresholds for time and commands of solenoid valves, radon and tritium discrimination and separation measuring equipment, gas collection and processing equipment, and ventilation and exhaust equipment through the programmable logic controller.

[0030] Beneficial effects: The technical solution of this application has the following technical effects: This invention discloses an indoor radon and tritium remote monitoring device and method. This technical solution focuses on the characteristics of indoor environments. In order to keep the activity concentration of radon and tritium-related gases in the storage space of underground or low-level closed nuclear facilities below the safety threshold, an indoor radon and tritium remote monitoring device is constructed. It can dynamically monitor the activity concentration of radon and tritium-related gases in the storage space of underground or low-level closed nuclear facilities, determine the degree of hazard based on the detected values, and take different treatment methods to ensure that the radiation environment protection and environmental safety assessment of personnel before entering the space meet the set safety standards. Attached Figure Description

[0031] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an indoor radon and tritium remote monitoring device according to the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the radon and tritium identification and separation measurement device of an indoor radon and tritium remote monitoring device according to the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the Nafion dryer in the radon-tritium separation and identification measurement device under high radon conditions of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the HT catalytic device of the radon-tritium separation and identification measurement equipment under high radon conditions according to the present invention.

[0036] The meanings of the reference numerals in the attached figures are as follows: including:

[0037] 1…Inlet pipe, 2…Solenoid valve, 3…Gas distributor, 4…Connecting pipe, 100…Radon and tritium identification and separation measuring equipment, 200…Gas collection and processing equipment, 300…Ventilation and exhaust equipment, 5…Programmable logic controller, 6…Remote data link, 7…Remote monitoring computer, 8…Power supply for each module and device, 110…Vacuum pump, 120…Electronic vacuum gauge, 130…Filter, 140…First ionization chamber, 141…Second ionization chamber, 142…Third ionization chamber, 143…Fourth ionization chamber, 150…First HTO separation device, 151…Second HTO separation device, 160…Three-way solenoid valve, 170…First dynamic balance valve, 171…Second dynamic balance valve, 180…First flow meter, 181…Second flow meter, 190…Bubble blower, 191…HT catalytic converter, 1911…First, second, and third stage catalytic cells, 1912…Electric heating wire, 1913…Input port of HT catalytic converter, 1914…Output port of HT catalytic converter, 192…Heating belt, 193…Dryer, 194…I / Q signal A / D conversion module, 1931…First Nafion dryer, 1932…Second Nafion dryer, 1933…Input terminal of the first Nafion dryer, 1934…Output port of the second Nafion dryer, 1935…Temperature and flow controller Detailed Implementation

[0038] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings. Similar elements in different embodiments are referred to by associated similar element reference numerals. In the following embodiments, many details are described to facilitate a better understanding of this application. However, those skilled in the art will readily recognize that some features may be omitted in different situations, or may be replaced by other elements, materials, or methods. In some cases, certain operations related to this application are not shown or described in the specification. This is to avoid obscuring the core parts of this application with excessive description. For those skilled in the art, detailed description of these related operations is not necessary; they can fully understand the related operations based on the description in the specification and general technical knowledge in the art.

[0039] Furthermore, the features, operations, or characteristics described in the specification can be combined in any suitable manner to form various embodiments. At the same time, the steps or actions in the method description can be rearranged or adjusted in a manner obvious to those skilled in the art. Therefore, the various orders in the specification and drawings are only for the clear description of a particular embodiment and do not imply a necessary order, unless otherwise stated that a particular order must be followed.

[0040] The serial numbers assigned to components in this document, such as "first" and "second," are used only to distinguish the described objects and have no sequential or technical meaning. The terms "connection" and "linkage" used in this application, unless otherwise specified, include both direct and indirect connections (linkages). Detailed Implementation Method 1

[0042] As attached Figure 1 , 2 As shown: This invention provides an indoor radon and tritium remote monitoring device, including: an air inlet pipe 1, a solenoid valve 2, a gas splitter 3, a radon and tritium discrimination and separation measuring device 100, a gas collection and processing device 200, a connecting pipe 4, a ventilation and exhaust device 300, a programmable logic controller 5, a remote data link 6, a remote monitoring computer 7, and a power supply 8 for each module and device. The air inlet pipe 1, solenoid valve 2, and gas splitter 3 are sequentially connected via the connecting pipe 4, and then respectively connected to the radon and tritium discrimination and separation measuring device 100 and the gas collection and processing device 200. The programmable logic controller 5 is electrically connected to the solenoid valve 2, the radon and tritium discrimination and separation measuring device 100, the gas collection and processing device 200, and the ventilation and exhaust device 300, and is connected to the remote monitoring computer 7 via the remote data link 6.

[0043] The radon-tritium discrimination, separation, and measurement equipment 100 includes: a vacuum pump 110, an electronic vacuum gauge 120, a filter 130, a first ionization chamber 140, a first HTO separation device 150, a second ionization chamber 141, a three-way solenoid valve 160, a first dynamic balance valve 170, a third ionization chamber 142, a first flow meter 180, a bubbler 190, a second dynamic balance valve 171, an HT catalytic device 191, a second HTO separation device 151, a fourth ionization chamber 143, a second flow meter 181, a heating belt 192, a dryer 193, and an I / Q signal A / D conversion module 194.

[0044] The filter 130, the first ionization chamber 140, the first HTO separation device 150, and the second ionization chamber 141 are connected in sequence via connecting pipe 4 and connected to the input interface of the three-way solenoid valve 160. The first outlet of the three-way solenoid valve 160 is connected in sequence via connecting pipe 4 to the first dynamic balance valve 170, the third ionization chamber 142, the first flow meter 180, the bubbler 190, the electronic vacuum gauge 120, and the vacuum pump 110. The second outlet of the three-way solenoid valve 160 is connected in sequence via connecting pipe 4 to the second dynamic balance valve 171, the HT catalytic device 191, the second HTO separation device 151, the fourth ionization chamber 143, the second flow meter 181, the heating belt 192, the dryer 193, the electronic vacuum gauge 120, and the vacuum pump 110.

[0045] The control terminals of vacuum pump 110, three-way solenoid valve 160, first dynamic balance valve 170, second dynamic balance valve 171, dryer 193, and heating belt 192 are connected to I / Q signal A / D conversion module 194. The data I / O terminals of first ionization chamber 140, second ionization chamber 141, third ionization chamber 142, and fourth ionization chamber 143 are connected to I / Q signal A / D conversion module 194. I / Q signal A / D conversion module 194 is then connected to programmable logic controller 5.

[0046] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a structure of a dryer 193 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The dryer 193 is a dual-tube structure including a first Nafion dryer 1931 and a second Nafion dryer 1932. The sample gas enters from the input end 1933 of the first Nafion dryer 1931 and exits from the output port 1934 of the second Nafion dryer 1932. A temperature and flow controller 1935 is provided at the inlet of the purge gas path of the second Nafion dryer 1932. During normal operation, the temperature and flow rate of the purge gas can be controlled to improve the drying efficiency of the dryer. At the same time, after long-term operation, the drying efficiency may decrease due to the long-term accumulation of humidity inside the dryer. The performance of the dryer can be restored by increasing the temperature of the purge gas through the temperature control device 1935.

[0047] Figure 4 The HT catalytic device 191 of the present invention consists of first, second, and third stage catalytic boxes 1911, an electric heating wire 1912, and a shell including an input port 1913 and an output port 1914 of the HT catalytic device. The first, second, and third stage catalytic boxes 1911 are made of Al2O3 with 1% palladium material with high catalytic efficiency. By varying the mass and distribution density of palladium material in different catalytic devices, multi-stage HT catalytic oxidation based on density gradient is achieved. The density gradient of the first, second, and third stage catalytic boxes 1911 increases sequentially. The first, second, and third stage catalytic boxes 1911 are mainly used for the catalytic oxidation of HT to HTO, thereby improving catalytic efficiency. Detailed Implementation Method 2

[0049] The present invention also discloses an indoor radon-tritium remote monitoring method, applied to the aforementioned indoor radon-tritium remote monitoring device, comprising the following steps:

[0050] 101: Set the environmental parameters and the time and command thresholds for the solenoid valve 2, the radon-tritium discrimination and separation measuring device 100, the gas collection and processing device 200, and the ventilation and exhaust device 300 through the programming logic controller 5;

[0051] 102: The radon-tritium identification and separation measuring device 100 is turned on, the pipeline environment of the radon-tritium identification and separation measuring device 100 is purified, and the solenoid valve 2 of the air inlet pipe 1 is closed by the programmable logic controller 5, and the three-way solenoid valve 160, the first dynamic balance valve 170 and the second dynamic balance valve 171 of the tritium identification and separation measuring device 100 are in the open state;

[0052] 103: The vacuum pump 110 of the radon-tritium discrimination and separation measuring device 100 is started by the programmable logic controller 5. After the vacuum parameter RH and humidity parameter δ meet the vacuum condition δ1 and humidity condition RH1, the vacuum pump is turned off. That is, if δ≤δ1 and RH≤RH1, the humidity parameter δ1 and vacuum parameter RH1 are recorded.

[0053] 104: The heating belt 192 of the radon-tritium discrimination and separation measurement device 100 is controlled by the programmable logic controller 5 to heat up to t. When t≥t1, the heating is stopped.

[0054] 105: The solenoid valves 2 of the air inlet pipe 1 are opened sequentially by the programmable logic controller 5. The number of air inlet pipes 1 is N, and the gas to be measured is input.

[0055] 106: The programmable logic controller 5 closes the solenoid valve 2 according to the instruction condition threshold of the separation and discrimination measurement, and records the first current value I of the first ionization chamber 140. 1,i The second current value I of the second ionization chamber 141 2,i The third current value I of the third ionization chamber 142 3,i The fourth current value I of the fourth ionization chamber 143 4,i , i = 1, 2, ..., N;

[0056] 107: Based on the first current value I 1,i Second current value I 2,i The third current value I 3,i and the fourth current value I 4,i Calculate and record the activity concentration C of radon Rn. Rn,i The activity concentration C of HTO in tritium-treated water HTO,i Activity concentration C of tritium (HT) HT,i The activity concentration C of radon Rn Rn,i The formula is: In formula (A1), I 4,i The current value E measured in the fourth ionization chamber 143 α Radon gas R n The energy of the decaying alpha particle, C Rn,i Radon R in the mixed gas n Concentration, V is the sensitive volume of the fourth ionization chamber 143, The average ionization energy required to produce a pair of ions from an alpha particle; where the activity concentration C of tritium (HT) is... HT,i The formula is: In formula (A2), I 3,i The current value measured in the third ionization chamber 142; E β C is the energy of the β particle from the decay of tritium (HT). HT,i The concentration of tritium (HT) in the mixed gas; the activity concentration (C) of tritium-treated water (HTO). HTO,i for: In formula (A3), I 1,i The current value I measured in the first ionization chamber 140 2,i The current value E measured in the second ionization chamber 141 β C is the energy of the β particle from the decay of tritium (HT). HTO,i The concentration of water tritium (HTO) in the mixed gas. The average ionization energy required to produce a pair of ions from a β particle;

[0057] 108: i = i + 1 (i = 1, 2, ..., N). If i ≤ N, return to 105; if i > N, go to 109.

[0058] 109: Calculate the average activity concentration of radon Rn collected from N intake pipes 1. Average activity concentration of HTO in tritium-treated water Average activity concentration of tritium (HT)

[0059] 110: Safe emission values ​​for Rn activity concentration Safe discharge value S of tritium-treated water (HTO) CHTO Safe emission values ​​for tritium (HT) activity concentration if and and Then, the programmable logic controller 5 controls the ventilation and exhaust equipment 300 to directly extract gas to the outside. If the conditions are met... One or more of them, and The programmable logic controller 5 controls the ventilation and exhaust equipment 300 to first circulate the indoor air and then exhaust the air to the outside. Otherwise, the programmable logic controller 5 controls the gas collection and processing equipment 200 to collect the indoor air.

[0060] 111: The programmable logic controller 5 determines whether the time setting for the next power-on is met; if so, it jumps to 101.

[0061] 112: The remote monitoring computer 7 collects the recorded information of the programmable logic controller 5 through the remote data link 6, and can set the environmental parameters and the time and command condition thresholds of the solenoid valve 2, the radon-tritium discrimination and separation measuring device 100, the gas collection and processing device 200, and the ventilation and exhaust device 300 through the programmable logic controller 5.

[0062] The advantages of this invention are:

[0063] The technical solution of this application has the following technical effects: This invention discloses an indoor radon and tritium remote monitoring device and method. This technical solution focuses on the characteristics of indoor environments. In order to keep the activity concentration of radon and tritium-related gases in the storage space of underground or low-level closed nuclear facilities below the safety threshold, an indoor radon and tritium remote monitoring device is constructed. It can dynamically monitor the activity concentration of radon and tritium-related gases in the storage space of underground or low-level closed nuclear facilities, determine the degree of hazard based on the detected values, and take different treatment methods to ensure that the radiation environment protection and environmental safety assessment of personnel before entering the space meet the set safety standards.

Claims

1. An indoor radon-tritium remote monitoring device, comprising: The system includes an intake pipe, solenoid valve, gas splitter, radon-tritium discrimination and separation measurement equipment, gas collection and processing equipment, connecting pipes, ventilation and exhaust equipment, programmable logic controller (PLC), remote data link, remote monitoring computer, and power supplies for each module and device. Specifically, the intake pipe, solenoid valve, and gas splitter are sequentially connected via connecting pipes, and then respectively connected to the radon-tritium discrimination and separation measurement equipment and the gas collection and processing equipment. The PLC is electrically connected to the solenoid valve, radon-tritium discrimination and separation measurement equipment, gas collection and processing equipment, and ventilation and exhaust equipment, and is connected to the remote monitoring computer via a remote data link. The radon-tritium discrimination and separation measurement equipment includes: a vacuum pump, an electronic vacuum gauge, a filter, a first ionization chamber, a first HTO separation device, a second ionization chamber, a three-way solenoid valve, a first dynamic balance valve, a third ionization chamber, a first flow meter, a bubbler, a second dynamic balance valve, an HT catalytic device, a second HTO separation device, a fourth ionization chamber, a second flow meter, a heating belt, a dryer, and an I / Q signal A / D conversion module; The filter, first ionization chamber, first HTO separation device, and second ionization chamber are sequentially connected by a connecting pipe and connected to the input interface of a three-way solenoid valve. The first outlet of the three-way solenoid valve is sequentially connected by a connecting pipe to a first dynamic balance valve, third ionization chamber, first flow meter, bubbler, electronic vacuum gauge, and vacuum pump. The second outlet of the three-way solenoid valve is sequentially connected by a connecting pipe to a second dynamic balance valve, HT catalytic device, second HTO separation device, fourth ionization chamber, second flow meter, heating belt, dryer, electronic vacuum gauge, and vacuum pump. The control terminals of the vacuum pump, three-way solenoid valve, first dynamic balance valve, second dynamic balance valve, dryer, and heating belt are connected to the I / Q signal A / D conversion module. The data I / O terminals of the first ionization chamber, second ionization chamber, third ionization chamber, and fourth ionization chamber are connected to the I / Q signal A / D conversion module, which is then connected to the programmable logic controller.

2. The indoor radon and tritium remote monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The remote data link is a satellite data link consisting of a 5G low-orbit satellite IoT, a satellite telemetry and control power supply link, a satellite AMF / SMF / UPF, and a gNB base station, and / or a ground data link consisting of a low-power wireless wide area network and an Internet.

3. The indoor radon and tritium remote monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas collection and processing equipment consists of a vacuum circulating nitrogen cooler, a pneumatic cryogenic butterfly valve, and a cryogenic insulation storage tank, which are connected sequentially by gas lines.

4. The indoor radon and tritium remote monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dryer has a dual-tube structure, including a first Nafion dryer and a second Nafion dryer. The sample gas enters from the input end of the first Nafion dryer and exits from the output end of the second Nafion dryer. A temperature and flow controller is installed at the inlet of the purge gas path of the second Nafion dryer to control the temperature and flow rate of the purge gas.

5. The indoor radon and tritium remote monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The HT catalytic device comprises: a catalytic cell with a gradient density of two to six levels; the HT catalytic device uses Al2O3 coated with 1% palladium as the catalytic material for the catalytic cell; the mass and distribution density of the catalytic material in each level of the catalytic cell increases sequentially from the gas inlet to the gas outlet.

6. The indoor radon and tritium remote monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first ionization chamber, the second ionization chamber, the third ionization chamber, and the fourth ionization chamber are cancellation compensation ionization chambers.

7. The indoor radon and tritium remote monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The programmable logic controller is a UNC host or an industrial control computer.

8. The indoor radon and tritium remote monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter is a glass fiber filter membrane or a multilayer filter membrane kit.

9. A method for remote monitoring of indoor radon and tritium, applied to an indoor radon and tritium remote monitoring device according to any one of claims 1-8, comprising the following steps: 101: Set the environmental parameters and the time and command thresholds for solenoid valves, radon-tritium discrimination and separation measurement equipment, gas collection and processing equipment, and ventilation and exhaust equipment through a programmable logic controller; 102: The radon-tritium identification and separation measurement equipment is turned on. The pipeline environment of the radon-tritium identification and separation measurement equipment is purified. The solenoid valve of the air inlet pipe is closed by the programmable logic controller, and the three-way solenoid valve, the first dynamic balance valve and the second dynamic balance valve of the tritium identification and separation measurement equipment are in the open state. 103: The vacuum pump of the radon-tritium discrimination and separation measuring equipment is started by controlling the programmable logic controller, and the vacuum parameters are set. RH and humidity parameters δ Meets vacuum conditions δ 1 and humidity conditions RH 1. After that, the vacuum pump is turned off, that is... δ ≤ δ 1 and RH ≤ RH 1. Record humidity parameters δ 1. Vacuum parameters RH 1; 104: The heating element of the radon-tritium discrimination and separation measuring device is heated to a certain temperature by controlling the programmable logic controller. t ,when t ≥ t 1. Stop heating; 105: The solenoid valves of the intake pipes are opened sequentially by a programmable logic controller (PLC). The number of intake pipes is... N Enter the gas to be measured; 106: The solenoid valve is closed according to the instruction condition threshold of the separation and discrimination measurement by the programmable logic controller, and the first current value of the first ionization chamber is recorded. The second current value of the second ionization chamber The third current value of the third ionization chamber The fourth current value of the fourth ionization chamber , ; 107: Based on the first current value Second current value Third current value and the fourth current value Calculate and record the activity concentration of radon Rn. The activity concentration of HTO in tritium-treated water Tritium (HT) activity concentration radon Rn activity concentration The formula is: (A1), In formula (A1), The current value measured in the fourth ionization chamber. Radon gas decaying Particle energy, Radon gas in the gas mixture concentration, The sensitive volume of the fourth ionization chamber, for The average ionization energy required for a particle to produce an ion pair; where the activity concentration of tritium (HT) is... The formula is: In equation (A2), The current value measured in the third ionization chamber; For the decay of tritium (HT) Particle energy, The concentration of tritium (HT) in the mixed gas; the activity concentration of tritium (HTO) in water tritium. for: In equation (A3), The current value measured in the first ionization chamber. The current value measured in the second ionization chamber. For the decay of tritium (HT) Particle energy, The concentration of water tritium (HTO) in the mixed gas. for The average ionization energy required for a particle to produce a pair of ions; 108: ,if Returns 105, if Switch to 109; 109: Calculation N The average activity concentration of radon (Rn) collected from each intake pipe. , (A4) Average activity concentration of HTO in tritium-treated water , (A5) Average activity concentration of tritium (HT) , ; 110: Safe emission values ​​for Rn activity concentration Safe discharge values ​​of tritium-treated water (HTO) Safe emission values ​​for tritium (HT) activity concentration ,if ,and ,and Then, the programmable logic controller (PLC) controls the ventilation and exhaust equipment to directly extract gas to the outside. If the conditions are met... , , One or more of them, and , , If the indoor air is circulated first, the ventilation and exhaust equipment is controlled by the programmable logic controller (PLC) to exhaust the air to the outside; otherwise, the gas collection and processing equipment is controlled by the PLC to collect the indoor air. 111: The programmable logic controller determines whether the time setting for the next power-on is met; if so, it jumps to 101. 112: The remote monitoring computer collects the recorded information of the programmable logic controller through a remote data link, and sets the environmental parameters and the time and command thresholds of the solenoid valve, radon-tritium discrimination and separation measurement equipment, gas collection and processing equipment, and ventilation and exhaust equipment through the programmable logic controller.

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