Cap-shaped grading ring and manufacturing method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a hat-shaped voltage-sharing plate and a manufacturing method thereof, and relates to the technical field of aviation manufacturing. The hat-shaped voltage-sharing plate comprises a flexible base layer, a first rigid layer, a flexible filling layer and a second rigid layer. The flexible base layer has a hat top, a male corner part, a hat waist part, a female corner part and a hat bottom. The top end of the hat waist part is connected with the hat top through the male corner part, and the bottom end of the hat waist part is connected with the hat bottom through the female corner part. The first rigid layer, the flexible filling layer and the second rigid layer are sequentially stacked on the outside of the flexible base layer. The first rigid layer is formed with a notch corresponding to the female corner part. The flexible filling layer and the second rigid layer both cover the female corner part. The hat-shaped voltage-sharing plate can effectively solve the problems of glue accumulation and thick thickness of the female corner of the hat-shaped longeron, and improve the forming quality of the hat-shaped longeron.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of aerospace manufacturing technology, and more specifically, to a cap-shaped pressure equalizing plate and its manufacturing method. Background Technology

[0002] Hat-shaped stringers are widely used in aircraft to connect and secure the fuselage. During the curing process, pressure equalization plates are often used to balance the pressure on different areas of the hat-shaped stringer, so that the different areas of the stringer are close to or reach a pressure balance, eliminating significant thickness differences between areas.

[0003] Currently available pressure equalizing plates are monolithic structures. When used to cover the cap-shaped stringers to form a stacked structure, the radius of curvature in the corner area of ​​the stacked structure is relatively small, resulting in less pressure being transferred to the cap-shaped stringers and causing their corner thickness to be larger. Furthermore, these pressure equalizing plates have poor conformability; during the curing process, the fit between the pressure equalizing plate and the cap-shaped stringers in the corner area changes, further leading to glue buildup and excessive thickness in the corners of the cured cap-shaped stringers, negatively impacting the molding quality of the cap-shaped stringers. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a hat-shaped pressure equalizing plate, which can increase the radius of curvature of the inside corner of the stacked structure and has better conformability of the inside corner area. It can effectively solve the problems of glue accumulation and excessive thickness of the inside corner of the hat-shaped stringer, and improve the forming quality of the hat-shaped stringer.

[0005] Another objective of this invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a cap-shaped pressure equalizing plate, which can produce a cap-shaped pressure equalizing plate with better pressure balancing effect.

[0006] An embodiment of the present invention provides a technical solution:

[0007] A hat-shaped pressure equalizing plate includes a flexible base layer, a first rigid layer, a flexible filling layer, and a second rigid layer. The flexible base layer has a top, an external corner, a waist, an internal corner, and a bottom. The top end of the waist is connected to the top of the hat through the external corner, and the bottom end of the waist is connected to the bottom of the hat through the internal corner.

[0008] The first rigid layer, the flexible filling layer, and the second rigid layer are stacked sequentially on the outside of the flexible base layer. The first rigid layer has a notch corresponding to the inside corner, and both the flexible filling layer and the second rigid layer cover the inside corner.

[0009] Furthermore, the first rigid layer includes a first portion and a second portion that are attached to the outer surface of the flexible base layer. The first portion covers the top of the cap, the outer corner portion, and at least a portion of the waist portion of the cap. The second portion covers at least a portion of the bottom of the cap. The gap is formed between the first portion and the second portion.

[0010] Furthermore, the distance between the first part and the inside corner is between 5mm and 20mm, and / or the distance between the second part and the inside corner is between 5mm and 20mm.

[0011] Furthermore, the flexible filling layer covers the first portion by 5mm to 15mm, and / or the flexible filling layer covers the second portion by 5mm to 15mm.

[0012] Furthermore, a portion of the inner surface of the flexible filling layer is bonded to the outer surface of the first rigid layer, and the remaining portion is bonded to the outer surface of the flexible base layer.

[0013] Furthermore, the flexible filling layer includes a first filling layer and a second filling layer. One end of the inner surface of the first filling layer is attached to the outer surface of the first rigid layer and covers the notch. The second filling layer corresponds to the inside corner and is attached to the outer surface of the first filling layer.

[0014] Furthermore, the inner surface of the second rigid layer is bonded to the flexible filling layer, and any end of the second rigid layer protrudes 3mm to 20mm beyond the corresponding end of the flexible filling layer.

[0015] Furthermore, the flexible base layer and / or the flexible filler layer are rubber.

[0016] Furthermore, the first rigid layer and / or the second rigid layer are carbon fiber prepreg.

[0017] Embodiments of the present invention also provide a method for manufacturing a cap-shaped pressure equalizing plate, comprising:

[0018] Lay a release film on the cover plate fixture;

[0019] A flexible base layer is laid on the isolation membrane and then vacuum-compacted.

[0020] A first rigid layer is laid on the flexible base layer, and the inside corners of the flexible base layer are exposed.

[0021] A flexible filling layer is laid on the first rigid layer and then vacuum-compacted to cover the inside corner.

[0022] A second rigid layer is laid on the flexible filler layer, and the second rigid layer covers the inside corner.

[0023] Compared to existing technologies, the cap-shaped pressure equalizing plate provided by this invention has a flexible base layer that ensures good overall conformability, a first rigid layer and a second rigid layer that ensure good force transmission, and a flexible filling layer that covers the inside corners to fill the inside corner area, increasing the radius of curvature of the inside corners of the stacked structure, thereby improving the stress on the inside corners of the cap-shaped stringer and reducing its thickness. The first rigid layer forms a notch at the inside corner, and the flexible filling layer covers the inside corner, improving the conformability of the cap-shaped pressure equalizing plate in the inside corner area and enabling continuous matching of the inside corners of the cap-shaped stringer. The second rigid layer covers the inside corner outside the flexible filling layer, ensuring the force transmission performance in the inside corner area and further improving the stress on the inside corners of the cap-shaped stringer. Therefore, the beneficial effects of the cap-shaped pressure equalizing plate provided in this embodiment include: effectively solving the problems of glue accumulation and excessive thickness at the inside corners of the cap-shaped stringer, and improving the forming quality of the cap-shaped stringer. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be considered as limiting the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 An exploded view of a cap-shaped pressure equalizing plate provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating the method for manufacturing a cap-shaped pressure equalizing plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Icons: 100 - Hat-shaped pressure equalizing plate; 110 - Flexible base layer; 111 - Top of the hat; 112 - External corner; 113 - Waist of the hat; 114 - Internal corner; 115 - Bottom of the hat; 120 - First rigid layer; 121 - First part; 122 - Second part; 130 - Flexible filling layer; 131 - First filling layer; 132 - Second filling layer; 140 - Second rigid layer. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0029] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0030] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0031] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," "left," "right," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of this invention is in use, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly understood by those skilled in the art. They are only used to facilitate the description of this invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0032] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0033] In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, terms such as "set" and "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0034] The specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0035] Example

[0036] Please refer to the following: Figure 1 , Figure 1 The diagram shown is an exploded view of the cap-shaped pressure equalizing plate 100 provided in this embodiment.

[0037] The hat-shaped pressure equalizing plate 100 provided in this embodiment is applied to the curing and molding of the hat-shaped stringer to balance the pressure in different areas of the hat-shaped stringer, ensure pressure balance in different areas, and achieve the purpose of eliminating obvious thickness differences between different areas.

[0038] The hat-shaped pressure equalizing plate 100 provided in this embodiment includes a flexible base layer 110, a first rigid layer 120, a flexible filling layer 130 and a second rigid layer 140. The flexible base layer 110 has a hat top 111, an external corner portion 112, a hat waist portion 113, an internal corner portion 114 and a hat bottom 115. The top end of the hat waist portion 113 is connected to the hat top 111 through the external corner portion 112, and the bottom end of the hat waist portion 113 is connected to the hat bottom 115 through the internal corner portion 114.

[0039] It is understood that when the cap-shaped pressure equalizing plate 100 provided in this embodiment is stacked on the outside of the cap-shaped stringer, the flexible base layer 110 is attached to the outer surface of the cap-shaped stringer, with its cap top 111 corresponding to the cap top of the cap-shaped stringer, its external corner 112 corresponding to the external corner of the cap-shaped stringer, its cap waist 113 corresponding to the cap waist of the cap-shaped stringer, its internal corner 114 corresponding to the internal corner of the cap-shaped stringer, and its cap bottom 115 corresponding to the cap bottom of the cap-shaped stringer.

[0040] The first rigid layer 120, the flexible filler layer 130, and the second rigid layer 140 are stacked sequentially on the outside of the flexible base layer 110. That is, the first rigid layer 120 is attached to the outer surface of the flexible base layer 110, the flexible filler layer 130 is attached to the outer surface of the first rigid layer 120, and the second rigid layer 140 is attached to the outer surface of the flexible filler layer 130. The first rigid layer 120 has a notch corresponding to the inside corner 114, and both the flexible filler layer 130 and the second rigid layer 140 cover the inside corner 114.

[0041] It should be noted that the first rigid layer 120 has a notch corresponding to the inside corner 114, meaning that the first rigid layer 120 is a discontinuous structure, and its broken area is the notch, corresponding to the inside corner 114 of the flexible base layer 110. The flexible filling layer 130 covers the notch, thus covering the inside corner 114. The second rigid layer 140 is attached to the outer surface of the flexible filling layer 130, similarly covering the inside corner 114.

[0042] Because a flexible filling layer 130 is filled between the first rigid layer 120 and the second rigid layer 140, the radius of curvature of the inside corner region of the hat-shaped pressure equalizing plate 100 increases. When the hat-shaped pressure equalizing plate 100 is stacked on the hat-shaped stringer to form a stacked structure, the radius of curvature of the inside corner region of the stacked structure increases, which increases the force on the inside corner of the hat-shaped stringer.

[0043] Furthermore, the first rigid layer 120 is broken in the inside corner area and connected by the flexible filling layer 130, which ensures the conformability of the cap-shaped pressure equalizing plate 100 in the inside corner area, thereby ensuring continuous matching with the inside corner of the cap-shaped stringer during the curing process and ensuring that the inside corner of the cap-shaped stringer is continuously stressed.

[0044] Furthermore, the second rigid layer 140 covers the outside of the flexible filling layer 130 to cover the inside corner 114, ensuring the force transmission in the inside corner area, thereby ensuring that the inside corner of the hat-shaped stringer is effectively compressed.

[0045] As can be seen, the cap-shaped pressure equalizing plate 100 provided in this embodiment can increase the radius of curvature of the inside corner of the stacked structure formed with the cap-shaped stringer, and has better conformability of the inside corner area, thereby effectively solving the problems of glue accumulation and excessive thickness of the inside corner of the cap-shaped stringer, and improving the molding quality.

[0046] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the first rigid layer 120 includes a first portion 121 and a second portion 122 that are attached to the outer surface of the flexible base layer 110. The first portion 121 covers the top of the cap 111, the outer corner portion 112 and at least part of the waist portion 113 of the cap, and the second portion 122 covers at least part of the bottom portion 115 of the cap. A gap is formed between the first portion 121 and the second portion 122.

[0047] In fact, the first part 121 has a basin-shaped cross-section and is placed upside down on the top 111 of the flexible base layer 110. The second part 122 is plate-shaped and is laid flat on the bottom 115 of the flexible base layer 110. The first part 121 and the second part 122 are not connected, and a gap is formed between the lower end of the first part 121 and the end of the second part 122 near the inside corner 114.

[0048] Specifically, in order to ensure the force transmission effect of the first rigid layer 120, in this embodiment, the distance between the first part 121 and the inside corner 114 is between 5mm and 20mm, and the distance between the second part 122 and the inside corner 114 is between 5mm and 20mm.

[0049] It is understood that the distance between the first part 121 and the inner corner 114 refers to the distance between the outer convex vertex of the first part 121 and the inner corner 114 in a direction parallel to the width extension direction of the cap waist 113, and the distance between the second part 122 and the inner corner 114 refers to the distance between the outer convex vertex of the second part 122 and the inner corner 114 in a direction parallel to the width extension direction of the cap bottom 115.

[0050] A portion of the inner surface of the flexible filler layer 130 is bonded to the outer surface of the first rigid layer 120, and the remaining portion is bonded to the outer surface of the flexible base layer 110. In other words, a portion between the two ends of the flexible filler layer 130 is recessed to bond to the surface of the area corresponding to the notch in the flexible base layer 110. In practical applications, the bonding between the flexible filler layer 130 and the flexible base layer 110 is achieved by evacuating a vacuum between them.

[0051] The flexible filler layer 130 is equivalent to overlapping the first part 121 at one end and the second part 122 at the other end. In order to ensure reliable overlap, in this embodiment, the flexible filler layer 130 covers the first part 121 and the second part 122.

[0052] It is understood that the flexible filling layer 130 covering the first part 121 means that the first part 121 is covered by the flexible filling layer 130 for 5mm to 15mm in the direction parallel to the width extension direction of the cap waist 113; the flexible filling layer 130 covering the second part 122 means that the second part 122 is covered by the flexible filling layer 130 for 5mm to 15mm in the direction parallel to the width extension direction of the cap bottom 115.

[0053] In fact, in this embodiment, the flexible filling layer 130 includes a first filling layer 131 and a second filling layer 132. One end of the inner surface of the first filling layer 131 is attached to the outer surface of the first rigid layer 120 and covers the notch. The second filling layer 132 corresponds to the inside corner 114 and is attached to the outer surface of the first filling layer 131.

[0054] It is understood that a portion of the inner surface of the first filler layer 131 is bonded to the outer surface of the first rigid layer 120, and the remaining portion is bonded to the outer surface of the flexible base layer 110. That is, one end of the first filler layer 131 overlaps with the first portion 121 by 5mm to 15mm, and the other end overlaps with the second portion 122 by 5mm to 15mm.

[0055] Understandably, the first filling layer 131 serves to flexibly connect the first part 121 and the second part 122 in the corner area, and to fill the corner area, thus providing the cap-shaped pressure equalizing plate 100 with conformability in the corner area and expanding the radius of curvature of the corner area. The second filling layer 132 further fills the corner area, thereby further increasing the radius of curvature of the corner area.

[0056] The inner surface of the second rigid layer 140 is adhered to the flexible filling layer 130, and any end of the second rigid layer 140 protrudes 3mm to 20mm beyond the corresponding end of the flexible filling layer 130. That is, in this embodiment, the second rigid layer 140 only covers the inner corner 114, part of the cap waist 113, and part of the cap bottom 115. The second rigid layer 140 is not connected to the first rigid layer 120, thus ensuring the deformation capability of the flexible filling layer 130, that is, ensuring the conformability of the cap-shaped pressure equalizing plate 100 in the inner corner area.

[0057] In this embodiment, the flexible base layer 110 and the flexible filler layer 130 are uncured non-silicone rubber materials, and the first rigid layer 120 and the second rigid layer 140 are carbon fiber prepreg. In other embodiments, the flexible base layer 110 and the flexible filler layer 130 can also be selected from other flexible materials according to actual application conditions. Similarly, the first rigid layer 120 and the second rigid layer 140 can also be selected from other rigid materials, such as glass fiber prepreg, according to actual application conditions.

[0058] It is understandable that the first rigid layer 120 and the second rigid layer 140 are made of carbon fiber prepreg, which has adhesive properties and can achieve bonding between the first rigid layer 120 and the flexible base layer 110, the first rigid layer 120 and the flexible filler layer 130, and the second rigid layer 140 and the flexible filler layer 130.

[0059] In this embodiment, the flexible base layer 110, the first filler layer 131, and the second filler layer 132 are all 1 to 3 layers of rubber laminated structure, and the first portion 121, the second portion 122, and the second rigid layer 140 of the first rigid layer 120 are all 1 to 3 layers of carbon fiber prepreg laminated structure. Furthermore, the fibers of the carbon fiber prepreg include, but are not limited to, unidirectional, plain weave, twill weave, and satin weave, and the fiber lay-up angle deviates from the length direction of the flexible base layer 110 by 0°, 45°, 90°, or -45°. Multiple carbon fiber prepreg layers can also be overlapped with different lay-up angles.

[0060] In summary, the cap-shaped pressure equalizing plate 100 provided in this embodiment can increase the radius of curvature of the inside corner of the stacked structure formed with the cap-shaped stringer, and has better conformability of the inside corner area, thereby effectively solving the problems of glue accumulation and excessive thickness of the inside corner of the cap-shaped stringer, and improving the forming quality of the cap-shaped stringer.

[0061] This embodiment also provides a method for manufacturing a hat-shaped pressure equalizing plate, used to manufacture the aforementioned hat-shaped pressure equalizing plate 100. Please refer to... Figure 2 , Figure 2 The diagram shown is a flowchart of the manufacturing method. Specifically, the manufacturing method includes:

[0062] Step S101: Lay an isolation film on the cover plate fixture.

[0063] The release liner is a high-temperature resistant, non-porous membrane. The cover plate fixture can be used for laying flat or curved cap-shaped stringers as equalizing plates, and can also be used to lay cap-shaped equalizing plates up to 100mm thick. The cover plate fixture can be made of wood substitute, ordinary steel, aluminum alloy, Invar steel, or composite materials.

[0064] Step S102: Lay a flexible base layer 110 on the isolation membrane and compact it under vacuum.

[0065] The flexible base layer 110 is laid out to cover the isolation membrane. After the laying is completed, a vacuum is drawn to ensure that the flexible base layer 110 is tightly attached to the isolation membrane.

[0066] Step S103: Lay the first rigid layer 120 on the flexible base layer 110 and expose the inside corner 114 of the flexible base layer 110.

[0067] The first portion 121 of the first rigid layer 120 is laid to cover the top 111 and part of the waist 113 of the flexible base layer 110, and the second portion 122 is laid on the bottom 115 of the cap. The first portion 121 is positioned at a distance from the inside corner 114, and the second portion 122 is positioned at a distance from the inside corner 114.

[0068] In step S104, a flexible filling layer 130 is laid on the first rigid layer 120 and vacuumed and compacted so that the flexible filling layer 130 covers the inside corner 114.

[0069] The first filling layer 131 of the flexible filling layer 130 is laid between the first part 121 and the second part 122 of the first rigid layer 120, so that the flexible filling layer 130 covers the inside corner 114 of the flexible base layer 110, and the two ends of the first filling layer 131 cover the first part 121 and the second part 122 respectively.

[0070] Afterwards, a vacuum is drawn to eliminate the gap between the flexible filler layer 130 and the flexible base layer 110, with a vacuum pressure of not less than -80 kPa. Then, the second filler layer 132 of the flexible filler layer 130 is laid on the outer surface of the first filler layer 131, corresponding to the inside corner 114.

[0071] Step S105: Lay a second rigid layer 140 on the flexible filler layer 130 and make the second rigid layer 140 cover the inside corner 114.

[0072] The second rigid layer 140 is laid on the outer surface of the flexible filling layer 130, that is, the outer surface of the first filling layer 131 and the second filling layer 132, so that the two ends of the second rigid layer 140 extend beyond the two ends of the first filling layer 131 by 3mm to 20mm, and then vacuum is applied to compact it.

[0073] In this embodiment, the first rigid layer 120 and the second rigid layer 140 are made of carbon fiber prepreg, which has adhesive properties and can achieve bonding between the first rigid layer 120 and the flexible base layer 110, the first rigid layer 120 and the flexible filler layer 130, and the second rigid layer 140 and the flexible filler layer 130.

[0074] Using the cap-shaped pressure equalizing plate manufacturing method provided in this embodiment, a cap-shaped pressure equalizing plate 100 with better pressure balance effect can be manufactured.

[0075] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hat-shaped pressure equalizing plate, characterized in that, It includes a flexible base layer (110), a first rigid layer (120), a flexible filling layer (130) and a second rigid layer (140). The flexible base layer (110) has a top (111), an external corner (112), a waist (113), an internal corner (114) and a bottom (115). The top end of the waist (113) is connected to the top (111) through the external corner (112), and the bottom end of the waist (113) is connected to the bottom (115) through the internal corner (114). The first rigid layer (120), the flexible filling layer (130) and the second rigid layer (140) are stacked sequentially on the outside of the flexible base layer (110). The first rigid layer (120) has a notch corresponding to the inside corner (114). The flexible filling layer (130) and the second rigid layer (140) both cover the inside corner (114). The flexible filling layer (130) includes a first filling layer (131) and a second filling layer (132). A portion of the inner surface of the first filling layer (131) is attached to the outer surface of the first rigid layer (120) and covers the notch. The remaining portion is attached to the outer surface of the flexible base layer (110). The second filling layer (132) corresponds to the inside corner (114) and is attached to the outer surface of the first filling layer (131). The width of the second filling layer (132) is smaller than the width of the first filling layer (131) and the second rigid layer (140).

2. The cap-shaped pressure equalizing plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first rigid layer (120) includes a first portion (121) and a second portion (122) that are attached to the outer surface of the flexible base layer (110). The first portion (121) covers the top of the cap (111), the outer corner (112) and at least part of the waist of the cap (113). The second portion (122) covers at least part of the bottom of the cap (115). The gap is formed between the first portion (121) and the second portion (122).

3. The cap-shaped pressure equalizing plate according to claim 2, characterized in that, The distance between the first part (121) and the inside corner (114) is between 5mm and 20mm, and / or the distance between the second part (122) and the inside corner (114) is between 5mm and 20mm.

4. The cap-shaped pressure equalizing plate according to claim 2, characterized in that, The flexible filling layer (130) covers the first part (121) by 5mm to 15mm, and / or the flexible filling layer (130) covers the second part (122) by 5mm to 15mm.

5. The cap-shaped pressure equalizing plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner surface of the second rigid layer (140) is attached to the flexible filling layer (130), and any end of the second rigid layer (140) protrudes 3mm to 20mm from the corresponding end of the flexible filling layer (130).

6. The cap-shaped pressure equalizing plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flexible base layer (110) and / or the flexible filler layer (130) are rubber.

7. The cap-shaped pressure equalizing plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first rigid layer (120) and / or the second rigid layer (140) are carbon fiber prepregs.

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