GIS circuit breaker spring operating mechanism mechanical performance early warning method and system

Abstract

The application discloses a GIS circuit breaker spring mechanism mechanical performance early warning method and system. The method comprises the following steps: collecting vibration signals in the opening and closing process of the GIS circuit breaker; calculating the frequency spectrum residual of the GIS circuit breaker vibration signal; dividing the frequency spectrum residual of the GIS circuit breaker vibration signal, and dividing it into multiple sub-frequency bands; obtaining the time domain modal component according to the average value of the amplitude of each frequency spectrum component in the sub-frequency band of the GIS circuit breaker vibration signal; performing polar coordinate transformation on the time domain modal component of the frequency spectrum residual of the GIS circuit breaker vibration signal, and constructing a polar radius feature vector; calculating the angle between the polar radius feature vector and the polar radius feature vector of the historical GIS circuit breaker spring operating mechanism vibration signal, and early warning the mechanical performance of the GIS circuit breaker spring operating mechanism according to the size of the angle. The application can efficiently and accurately judge the mechanical performance of the GIS circuit breaker spring operating mechanism, so that effective GIS circuit breaker operation and maintenance measures can be taken in time to avoid major failures.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of early warning technology for the mechanical performance of GIS circuit breaker operating mechanisms, and in particular to a method, system, device and medium for early warning of the mechanical performance of GIS circuit breaker spring operating mechanisms based on vibration signals. Background Technology

[0002] Among all operational power equipment, gas-insulated switchgear (GIS) is widely used in power systems due to its compact structure, small footprint, ease of maintenance, and long maintenance cycle. The GIS circuit breaker operating mechanism is one of the core components of the GIS and is crucial to its operational reliability. However, during frequent line disconnection and closing, mechanical wear significantly impacts the service life of the circuit breaker operating mechanism. In reality, the operating mechanism has a complex structure and is affected by various human and environmental factors during production, transportation, assembly, and commissioning, leading to frequent mechanical failures in actual operation. Over long-term use and with frequent operation, mechanical failures such as loosening of the opening and closing coils, jamming of the transmission mechanism, fatigue of the energy storage springs, and three-phase asynchrony often occur. These failures can lead to incomplete circuit breaker opening or closing, causing overheating or partial discharge. Over time, these accumulated failures can further lead to electrical and insulation faults, ultimately resulting in major power accidents, causing huge economic and property losses, and threatening the personal safety of maintenance personnel.

[0003] The operating mechanism provides energy for circuit breaker operation, making its proper functioning a crucial prerequisite for successful circuit breaker opening and closing operations. Among these, the spring operating mechanism is one of the most widely used types of operating mechanisms in high-voltage circuit breakers due to its advantages such as simple structure, small size, low operating noise, no environmental pollution, maintenance-free operation, and high reliability. However, the complex mechanical structure of the circuit breaker's spring operating mechanism leads to a variety of fault types, primarily manifesting as failure to operate, incomplete opening or closing, and incorrect opening and closing. Statistics show that mechanical faults are the main type of circuit breaker failure, with the operating mechanism accounting for the highest proportion of faults, and this proportion is increasing year by year. Therefore, accurately implementing early warning systems for the mechanical performance of GIS circuit breaker spring operating mechanisms has always been a focus of attention.

[0004] Vibration signals, as an effective carrier of equipment mechanical condition information, are closely related to changes in the equipment's operating state. As a type of instantaneous switching equipment, GIS circuit breakers generate vibration signals during the opening and closing process due to the movement of mechanical components in the operating mechanism and the impact of contacts. In other words, the internal events during the opening and closing process are reflected in each transient waveform. Therefore, the multi-peak vibration signals during the opening and closing process of a GIS circuit breaker carry the action information of its various internal mechanical components and exhibit strong similarity. Thus, vibration analysis has become an important means of monitoring the mechanical condition of circuit breakers. However, due to the highly integrated and enclosed structure of GIS components, the vibration modes of different components are not entirely the same. Corresponding to the movement process of mechanical components during the opening and closing process of a GIS circuit breaker, the accompanying vibration signals exhibit characteristics of rapid rise, gradual decay, and multi-peak overlap, making it difficult to accurately obtain the equipment mechanical condition information contained in the vibration signals. Summary of the Invention

[0005] One of the objectives of this invention is to provide a method for early warning of the mechanical performance of the spring operating mechanism of a GIS circuit breaker based on vibration signals. This method analyzes and processes the vibration signals during the opening and closing process of the GIS circuit breaker to achieve early warning of the mechanical performance of the spring operating mechanism of the GIS circuit breaker.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for early warning of the mechanical performance of a circuit breaker operating mechanism, comprising:

[0007] Step 1: Collect vibration signal s(i) during the opening and closing process of the GIS circuit breaker;

[0008] Step 2: Calculate the spectral residual of the vibration signal of the GIS circuit breaker;

[0009] Step 3: Divide the spectral residual of the vibration signal of the GIS circuit breaker into multiple sub-bands;

[0010] Step 4: Obtain the time-domain modal components based on the spectral residual sub-band calculation results of the GIS circuit breaker vibration signal;

[0011] Step 5: Perform polar coordinate transformation on the time-domain modal components of the spectral residual of the GIS circuit breaker vibration signal to construct the polar radius eigenvector;

[0012] Step 6: Calculate the angle between the polar radius feature vector and the polar radius feature vector of the historical GIS circuit breaker spring operating mechanism vibration signal, and provide early warning of the mechanical performance of the GIS circuit breaker spring operating mechanism based on the size of the angle.

[0013] Further, in step 1, the vibration signal is acquired by a vibration acceleration sensor placed on the outer shell of the GIS circuit breaker spring operating mechanism box, with a sampling frequency of f. s The sampling point length is N0.

[0014] Furthermore, the specific steps of step 2 are as follows:

[0015] 2a. Perform Fourier transform on the vibration signal of the GIS circuit breaker to obtain the spectrum of the vibration signal of the GIS circuit breaker;

[0016] 2b. The frequency of the vibration signal of the GIS circuit breaker is standardized to the range [0, π]. The standardization calculation formula is as follows:

[0017] f'=πf / f max

[0018] In the formula: f' represents the normalized frequency; f and f max These represent the frequency and maximum value of the vibration signal, respectively.

[0019] 2c. Calculate the mean spectrum based on the logarithmic transformation of the amplitude of the vibration signal spectrum of the GIS circuit breaker. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0020] AL(f) = h(f) × L(f)

[0021] L(f)=log(v(f))

[0022]

[0023] In the formula: AL(f) represents the mean spectrum of the vibration signal; L(f) represents the logarithmic transformation result of the amplitude of the vibration signal spectrum; h(f) represents the local filter; q represents the coefficient; v(f) represents the spectrum of the vibration signal;

[0024] 2d. Calculate the spectral residual based on the mean spectrum of the vibration signal. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0025] R(f) = L(f) - AL(f)

[0026] In the formula: R(f) represents the spectral residual.

[0027] Furthermore, the specific steps of step 3 are as follows:

[0028] 3a. Calculate the mean amplitude of the spectral residual of the vibration signal of the GIS circuit breaker;

[0029] 3b. Determine the initial boundary for spectrum division, that is, use the midpoint between the frequencies corresponding to two consecutive maxima as the boundary for spectrum division. The corresponding calculation formula is:

[0030]

[0031] In the formula: ω k_0 =0 and These are its two side boundaries;

[0032] At this point, the spectrum of the vibration signal is initially divided into M0 sub-bands, where the i-th segment of the spectrum is denoted as v. i ,i=1,2,…,M0; M0 represents the number of segments in the spectrum signal;

[0033] 3c. Calculate the mutual information of two adjacent sub-bands in turn. If the mutual information of two adjacent sub-bands is less than the average value of the amplitude of each spectral component in the sub-band in step 3b, then the two sub-bands are merged; otherwise, the two sub-bands remain independent, and a new boundary point is determined based on the sub-band merging situation.

[0034] 3d. Repeat step 3c until all sub-bands remain independent, and denote the number of sub-bands as M.

[0035] Furthermore, the specific steps of step 4 are as follows:

[0036] 4a. Let the M sub-band ranges of the spectral residual of the vibration signal of the GIS circuit breaker be: Here,

[0037] 4b. Definition Centered on, with a width of Transition segment, construction bandpass filter Filters in other frequency bands It is represented as:

[0038]

[0039]

[0040]

[0041] β(x)=x 4 (35-84x+70x 2 -20x 3 )

[0042] In the formula: x represents the independent variable of the function β(x); ω represents the frequency;

[0043] 4c. The time-domain modal components of the spectral residual of the vibration signal of a GIS circuit breaker are obtained based on inner product operation. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0044]

[0045]

[0046]

[0047]

[0048] In the formula: and They are and Fourier transform; F represents the complex conjugate function of (·); -1 [·] indicates the inverse Fourier transform; Represents time-domain modal components; v k Let represent the vibration signal spectrum corresponding to the i-th sub-band, i = 1, ..., M.

[0049] Furthermore, the specific steps of step 5 are as follows:

[0050] 5a. Normalize the time-domain modal components of the spectral residuals of the GIS circuit breaker vibration signal. The normalization calculation formula for the k-th signal is as follows:

[0051]

[0052] In the formula: Min(f) represents the normalized time-domain modal components. k (m)) and max(f k (m)) represent the minimum and maximum values ​​of the k-th time-domain modal component, respectively; f k (m) represents the k-th time-domain modal component;

[0053] 5b. Map the normalized time-domain modal components to polar coordinate space. The corresponding calculation formula is:

[0054]

[0055]

[0056]

[0057]

[0058] In the formula: r k (m) and This represents the polar radius, positive polar angle, and negative polar angle of the m-th time-domain sampling point of the k-th modal component in polar coordinates. Let represent the mirror symmetry rotation angle of the k-th modal component of the vibration signal in polar coordinate space; l is the time interval factor; ξ is the angle amplification factor, and ξ≤180° / M;

[0059] 5c. Divide the polar coordinate space into 2P sectors according to the principle of equal angular intervals. The calculation formula for the sector division is as follows:

[0060]

[0061] 0≤r i ≤1

[0062] In the formula; φ i r represents the polar angle of the i-th sector; i Indicates the polar radius of the i-th sector;

[0063] 5d. Statistically count all sample points in each sector of the polar coordinate space, denoted as: Here, N i This represents the total number of sample points falling in the i-th sector;

[0064] 5e. Construct a polar radius feature vector based on the polar radius dispersion of each sector sample point. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0065]

[0066]

[0067] In the formula: Indicates the degree of dispersion of the polar radius; n r The mean(r(x)) represents the polar radius eigenvector; r(x) represents the polar radius of the sample point x; i )) represents the average polar radius of all sample points falling in the i-th sector.

[0068] Furthermore, in step 6, when the included angle is greater than 10°, it is determined that the mechanical performance of the GIS circuit breaker spring operating mechanism has deteriorated, and timely maintenance work needs to be arranged. The formula for calculating the included angle is:

[0069]

[0070] In the formula: θ r Indicates the included angle; n represents the polar radius eigenvector; n r0 Represents the polar radius eigenvector of historical vibration signals; (n r ·n r0 ) represents vector n r With n r0 The inner product operation; |·| denotes the 2 norm of a vector.

[0071] This technical solution calculates the time-domain modal components of the spectral residual of the vibration signal of the GIS circuit breaker spring operating mechanism, constructs a polar radius feature vector based on polar coordinate transformation, and determines the mechanical state of the GIS circuit breaker spring operating mechanism based on the change in the angle between the polar radius feature vector and the historical polar radius feature vector of the GIS circuit breaker spring operating mechanism vibration signal. This judgment method is efficient, accurate, and easy to implement, facilitating timely early warning of the mechanical performance of the GIS circuit breaker spring operating mechanism.

[0072] The GIS circuit breaker spring operating mechanism mentioned in this invention, by adopting the above-mentioned technical solution, effectively improves the identification capability of the effective information contained in the vibration signal of the GIS circuit breaker spring operating mechanism. This enables accurate early warning of the mechanical performance of the GIS circuit breaker spring operating mechanism through the vibration signal, thereby allowing for effective operation and maintenance measures and greatly reducing the failure and damage rate of the GIS circuit breaker spring operating mechanism.

[0073] The second objective of this invention is to provide a mechanical performance early warning system for the spring operating mechanism of a GIS circuit breaker, which is used to implement the aforementioned mechanical performance early warning method for the spring operating mechanism of a GIS circuit breaker.

[0074] A third objective of this invention is to provide an electronic device for performing one of the objectives of the invention, comprising a processor, a storage medium, and a computer program, wherein the computer program is stored in the storage medium, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the above-mentioned method for early warning of mechanical performance of spring operating mechanism of GIS circuit breaker.

[0075] A fourth objective of this invention is to provide a computer-readable storage medium storing one of the objectives of the invention, wherein a computer program is stored thereon, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the above-mentioned method for early warning of mechanical performance of spring operating mechanism of GIS circuit breaker.

[0076] The present invention provides a GIS circuit breaker spring operating mechanism mechanical performance early warning system, an electronic terminal, and a computer-readable storage medium for executing the GIS circuit breaker spring operating mechanism mechanical performance early warning method of the present invention. Of course, it also has the above-mentioned beneficial effects, which will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0077] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0078] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the mechanical performance early warning method for the spring operating mechanism of a GIS circuit breaker as described in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0079] Figure 2 This is a time-domain waveform diagram of the vibration signal collected during the operation of the spring operating mechanism of the GIS circuit breaker in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0080] Figure 3 This is a spectrum diagram of the vibration signal collected during the operation of the spring operating mechanism of the GIS circuit breaker in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0081] The present invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the following description of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings is merely illustrative and not restrictive. Various embodiments can be combined with each other to form other embodiments not shown in the following description.

[0082] Reference Figure 1 Vibration signal tests were conducted on a 252kV GIS circuit breaker during its opening and closing process. The vibration signal of the circuit breaker was analyzed according to the following steps:

[0083] (1) Collect vibration signals s(i) during the opening and closing process of the GIS circuit breaker, such as Figure 2 As shown, the vibration exhibits nonlinear and strongly time-varying characteristics. The vibration signal is acquired by a vibration acceleration sensor placed on the outer shell of the GIS circuit breaker spring operating mechanism box, with a sampling frequency of f. s The sampling point length is N0; here, f s =50kHz, N0=25000.

[0084] (2) Calculate the spectral residual of the vibration signal of the GIS circuit breaker. The specific steps are as follows:

[0085] 2a. Perform a Fourier transform on the vibration signal of the GIS circuit breaker to obtain the spectrum of the vibration signal, such as... Figure 3 As shown, it exhibits a wideband continuous distribution;

[0086] 2b. The frequency spectrum of the vibration signal of the GIS circuit breaker is standardized to the range [0, π]. The standardization calculation formula is as follows:

[0087] f'=πf / f max

[0088] In the formula: f' represents the normalized frequency; f and f max These represent the frequency and maximum value of the vibration signal, respectively.

[0089] 2c. Calculate the mean spectrum based on the logarithmic transformation of the amplitude of the vibration signal spectrum of the GIS circuit breaker. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0090] AL(f) = h(f) × L(f)

[0091] L(f)=log(v(f))

[0092]

[0093] In the formula: AL(f) represents the mean spectrum of the vibration signal; L(f) represents the logarithmic transformation result of the amplitude of the vibration signal spectrum; h(f) represents the local filter; q represents the coefficient; v(f) represents the spectrum of the vibration signal;

[0094] 2d. Calculate the spectral residual based on the mean spectrum of the vibration signal. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0095] R(f) = L(f) - AL(f)

[0096] In the formula: R(f) represents the spectral residual.

[0097] (3) Divide the spectral residual of the vibration signal of the GIS circuit breaker into multiple sub-bands. The specific steps are as follows:

[0098] 3a. Calculate the mean amplitude of the spectral residual of the vibration signal of the GIS circuit breaker;

[0099] 3b. Determine the initial boundary for spectrum division, that is, use the midpoint between the frequencies corresponding to two consecutive maxima as the boundary for spectrum division. The corresponding calculation formula is:

[0100]

[0101] In the formula: ω k_0 =0 and These are its two side boundaries;

[0102] At this point, the spectrum of the vibration signal is initially divided into M0 sub-bands, where the i-th segment of the spectrum is denoted as v. i ,i=1,2,…,M0; M0 represents the number of segments in the spectrum signal;

[0103] 3c. Calculate the mutual information of two adjacent sub-bands in turn. If the mutual information of two adjacent sub-bands is less than the average value of the amplitude of each spectral component in the sub-band in step 3b, then the two sub-bands are merged; otherwise, the two sub-bands remain independent, and a new boundary point is determined based on the sub-band merging situation.

[0104] 3d. Repeat step 3c until all sub-bands remain independent, and denote the number of sub-bands as M.

[0105] (4) Obtain the time-domain modal components based on the spectral residual division results of the GIS circuit breaker vibration signal. The calculation steps are as follows:

[0106] 4a. Let the range of M sub-bands of the spectral residual of the vibration signal of a GIS circuit breaker be denoted as . Here,

[0107] 4b. Definition Centered on, with a width of Transition segment, construction bandpass filter Filters in other frequency bands It can be represented as:

[0108]

[0109]

[0110]

[0111] β(x)=x 4 (35-84x+70x 2 -20x 3 )

[0112] In the formula: x represents the independent variable of the function β(x); ω represents the frequency;

[0113] 4c. The time-domain modal components of the spectral residual of the vibration signal of a GIS circuit breaker are obtained based on inner product operation. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0114]

[0115]

[0116]

[0117]

[0118] In the formula: and They are and Fourier transform; F represents the complex conjugate function of (·); -1 [·] indicates the inverse Fourier transform; Represents time-domain modal components; v k Let represent the vibration signal spectrum corresponding to the i-th sub-band, i = 1, ..., M.

[0119] (5) Perform polar coordinate transformation on the time-domain modal components of the spectral residuals of the GIS circuit breaker vibration signal to construct the polar radius eigenvector. The calculation steps are as follows:

[0120] 5a. Normalize the time-domain modal components of the spectral residuals of the GIS circuit breaker vibration signal. The normalization calculation formula for the k-th signal is as follows:

[0121]

[0122] In the formula: Min(f) represents the normalized modal components; k (m)) and max(f k (m) represents the minimum and maximum values ​​of the k-th modal component, respectively;

[0123] 5b. Map the normalized time-domain modal components to polar coordinate space. The corresponding calculation formula is:

[0124]

[0125]

[0126]

[0127]

[0128] In the formula: r k (m) and This represents the polar radius, positive polar angle, and negative polar angle of the m-th time-domain sampling point of the k-th modal component in polar coordinates. Let represent the mirror symmetry rotation angle of the k-th modal component of the vibration signal in polar coordinate space; l is the time interval factor; ξ is the angle amplification factor, and ξ≤180° / M;

[0129] 5c. Divide the polar coordinate space into 2P sectors according to the principle of equal angular intervals. The calculation formula for the sector division is as follows:

[0130]

[0131] 0≤r i ≤1

[0132] In the formula; φ i r represents the polar angle of the i-th sector; i Indicates the polar radius of the i-th sector;

[0133] 5d. Statistically count all sample points in each sector of the polar coordinate space, denoted as Here, N i This represents the total number of sample points falling in the i-th sector;

[0134] 5e. Construct a polar radius feature vector based on the polar radius dispersion of each sector sample point. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0135]

[0136]

[0137] In the formula: Indicates the degree of dispersion of the polar radius; n r The mean(r(x)) represents the polar radius eigenvector; r(x) represents the polar radius of the sample point x; i )) represents the average polar radius of all sample points falling in the i-th sector.

[0138] (6) Calculate the angle between the polar radius feature vector and the polar radius feature vector of the historical GIS circuit breaker spring operating mechanism vibration signal. Based on the magnitude of this angle, provide an early warning regarding the mechanical performance of the GIS circuit breaker operating mechanism: when the angle is greater than 10°, it is determined that the mechanical performance of the GIS circuit breaker operating mechanism has deteriorated, and timely maintenance work needs to be arranged. The angle θ... r The calculation formula is:

[0139]

[0140] In the formula: θ r Indicates the included angle; n r Represents the polar radius eigenvector; n r0 Represents the polar radius eigenvector of historical vibration signals; (n r ·n r0 ) represents vector n r With n r0 The inner product operation; ||·|| denotes the second norm of a vector.

[0141] Here, the angle between the extreme radius feature vector and the extreme radius feature vector of the historical GIS circuit breaker spring operating mechanism vibration signal is 8.2°, indicating that the mechanical state of the GIS circuit breaker spring operating mechanism is normal.

[0142] Corresponding to the method for early warning of mechanical performance of GIS circuit breaker operating mechanism of the present invention, the present invention also provides a system for early warning of mechanical performance of GIS circuit breaker operating mechanism, for implementing the method for early warning of mechanical performance of GIS circuit breaker operating mechanism.

[0143] Corresponding to the method for early warning of mechanical performance of GIS circuit breaker operating mechanism of the present invention, the present invention also provides an electronic terminal, which includes a processor, a storage medium and a computer program, wherein the computer program is stored in the storage medium, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, it realizes the method for early warning of mechanical performance of GIS circuit breaker spring operating mechanism.

[0144] Corresponding to the method for early warning of mechanical performance of GIS circuit breaker operating mechanism of the present invention, the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the method for early warning of mechanical performance of GIS circuit breaker operating mechanism described above.

[0145] It should be noted that the above examples are merely specific embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention is obviously not limited to the above embodiments, with many similar variations. All modifications that can be directly derived or conceived by those skilled in the art from the content disclosed in this invention should fall within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A method for early warning of mechanical performance of spring operating mechanism of GIS circuit breaker, characterized in that, include: Step 1: Collect vibration signal s(i) during the opening and closing process of the GIS circuit breaker; Step 2: Calculate the spectral residual of the vibration signal of the GIS circuit breaker; Step 3: Divide the spectral residual of the vibration signal of the GIS circuit breaker into multiple sub-bands; Step 4: Obtain the time-domain modal components based on the spectral residual sub-band calculation results of the GIS circuit breaker vibration signal; Step 5: Perform polar coordinate transformation on the time-domain modal components of the GIS circuit breaker vibration signal spectrum residual to construct a polar radius feature vector. Specifically, this includes: normalizing the time-domain modal components of the GIS circuit breaker vibration signal spectrum residual, mapping each normalized time-domain modal component to a polar coordinate space, dividing the polar coordinate space into 2P sectors according to the principle of equal angular intervals, counting all sample points in each sector in the polar coordinate space, and constructing a polar radius feature vector based on the polar radius dispersion of the sample points in each sector. Step 6: Calculate the angle between the polar radius feature vector and the polar radius feature vector of the historical GIS circuit breaker spring operating mechanism vibration signal, and provide early warning of the mechanical performance of the GIS circuit breaker spring operating mechanism based on the size of the angle.

2. The method for early warning of mechanical performance of spring operating mechanism of GIS circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 1, The vibration signal is acquired by a vibration acceleration sensor placed on the outer shell of the GIS circuit breaker spring operating mechanism box, with a sampling frequency of f. s The sampling point length is N0.

3. The method for early warning of mechanical performance of spring operating mechanism of GIS circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific steps for step 2 are as follows: 2a. Perform Fourier transform on the vibration signal of the GIS circuit breaker to obtain the spectrum of the vibration signal of the GIS circuit breaker; 2b. The frequency of the vibration signal of the GIS circuit breaker is standardized to the range [0, π]. The standardization calculation formula is as follows: f'=πf / f max In the formula: f' represents the normalized frequency; f and f max These represent the frequency and maximum value of the vibration signal, respectively. 2c. Calculate the mean spectrum based on the logarithmic transformation of the amplitude of the vibration signal spectrum of the GIS circuit breaker. The calculation formula is as follows: AL(f) = h(f) × L(f) L(f)=log(v(f)) In the formula: AL(f) represents the mean spectrum of the vibration signal; L(f) represents the logarithmic transformation result of the amplitude of the vibration signal spectrum; h(f) represents the local filter; q represents the coefficient; v(f) represents the spectrum of the vibration signal; 2d. Calculate the spectral residual based on the mean spectrum of the vibration signal. The calculation formula is as follows: R(f) = L(f) - AL(f) In the formula: R(f) represents the spectral residual.

4. The method for early warning of mechanical performance of spring operating mechanism of GIS circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific steps for step 3 are as follows: 3a. Calculate the mean amplitude of the spectral residual of the vibration signal of the GIS circuit breaker; 3b. Determine the initial boundary for spectrum division, that is, use the midpoint between the frequencies corresponding to two consecutive maxima as the boundary for spectrum division. The corresponding calculation formula is: In the formula: ω k_0 =0 and These are its two sides; At this point, the spectrum of the vibration signal is initially divided into M0 sub-bands, where the i-th segment of the spectrum is denoted as v. i ,i=1,2,…,M0;M0 represents the number of sub-bands initially divided; 3c. Calculate the mutual information of two adjacent sub-bands in turn. If the mutual information of two adjacent sub-bands is less than the average value of the amplitude of each spectral component in the sub-band in step 3b, then the two sub-bands are merged; otherwise, the two sub-bands remain independent, and a new boundary point is determined based on the sub-band merging situation. 3d. Repeat step 3c until all sub-bands remain independent, and denote the number of sub-bands as M.

5. The method for early warning of mechanical performance of spring operating mechanism of GIS circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific steps for step 4 are as follows: 4a. Let the M sub-band ranges of the spectral residual of the vibration signal of the GIS circuit breaker be: Here, 4b. Definition Centered on, with a width of Transition segment, construction bandpass filter Filters in other frequency bands It is represented as: β(x)=x 4 (35-84x+70x 2 -20x 3 ) In the formula: x represents the independent variable of the function β(x); ω represents the frequency; 4c. The time-domain modal components of the spectral residual of the vibration signal of a GIS circuit breaker are obtained based on inner product operation. The calculation formula is as follows: In the formula: and They are and Fourier transform; F represents the complex conjugate function of (·); -1 [·] indicates the inverse Fourier transform; Represents time-domain modal components; v k Let represent the vibration signal spectrum corresponding to the i-th sub-band, i = 1, ..., M.

6. The method for early warning of mechanical performance of spring operating mechanism of GIS circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific steps for step 5 are as follows: 5a. Normalize the time-domain modal components of the spectral residuals of the GIS circuit breaker vibration signal. The normalization calculation formula for the k-th signal is as follows: In the formula: Min(f) represents the normalized time-domain modal components. k (m)) and max(f k (m)) represent the minimum and maximum values ​​of the k-th time-domain modal component, respectively; f k (m) represents the k-th time-domain modal component; m is the number of time-domain sampling points for the k-th modal component; 5b. Map the normalized time-domain modal components to polar coordinate space. The corresponding calculation formula is: In the formula: r k (m) and This represents the polar radius, positive polar angle, and negative polar angle of the m-th time-domain sampling point of the k-th modal component in polar coordinates. Let represent the mirror symmetry rotation angle of the k-th modal component of the vibration signal in polar coordinate space; l is the time interval factor; ξ is the angle amplification factor, and ξ≤180° / M1; 5c. Divide the polar coordinate space into 2P sectors according to the principle of equal angular intervals. The calculation formula for the sector division is as follows: In the formula; φ i r represents the polar angle of the i-th sector; i Indicates the polar radius of the i-th sector; 5d. Statistically count all sample points in each sector of the polar coordinate space, denoted as: Here, N i This represents the total number of sample points falling in the i-th sector; 5e. Construct a polar radius feature vector based on the polar radius dispersion of each sector sample point. The calculation formula is as follows: In the formula: Indicates the degree of dispersion of the polar radius; n r The mean(r(x)) represents the polar radius eigenvector; r(x) represents the polar radius of the sample point x; i )) represents the average polar radius of all sample points falling in the i-th sector.

7. The method for early warning of mechanical performance of spring operating mechanism of GIS circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 6, when the included angle is greater than 10°, it is determined that the mechanical performance of the GIS circuit breaker spring operating mechanism has deteriorated, and maintenance work needs to be arranged in a timely manner. The formula for calculating the included angle is: In the formula: θ r Indicates the included angle; n r Represents the polar radius eigenvector; n r0 Represents the polar radius eigenvector of historical vibration signals; (n r ·n r0 ) represents vector n r With n r0 The inner product operation; ||·|| denotes the second norm of a vector.

8. The GIS circuit breaker spring operating mechanism mechanical performance early warning system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It is used to implement the mechanical performance early warning method for the spring operating mechanism of GIS circuit breaker as described in any one of claims 1-7.

9. An electronic device comprising a processor, a storage medium, and a computer program, wherein the computer program is stored in the storage medium, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the mechanical performance early warning method for the spring operating mechanism of the GIS circuit breaker as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the mechanical performance early warning method for the spring operating mechanism of the GIS circuit breaker as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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