An experimental device for lubrication and detection of rolling bearings

Abstract

This invention provides an experimental apparatus for lubrication and testing of rolling bearings, relating to the field of bearing testing technology. It includes: a frame; a mandrel rotatably mounted on the frame; a test bearing sleeved on the mandrel; a lubrication device mounted on the frame or mandrel for spraying lubricant onto the rolling elements; a radial loading device mounted on the frame or mandrel for applying a radial load to the test bearing; an axial loading device mounted on the frame or mandrel for applying an axial load to the test bearing; a laser vibration measuring device mounted on the frame or mandrel for measuring the vibration of the test bearing; an infrared temperature measuring device mounted on the frame or mandrel for measuring the temperature of the test bearing; and an oil film observation device mounted on the frame or mandrel for observing changes in the lubricating oil film. In this invention, multiple devices are integrated on the frame or mandrel, giving the experimental apparatus multiple functions and improving integration and space utilization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of bearing testing technology, and more specifically, to an experimental apparatus for the lubrication and testing of rolling bearings. Background Technology

[0002] Rolling bearings are the most commonly used mechanical components in power transmission. Insufficient lubrication or poor lubrication can lead to severe bearing wear, metal bearing corrosion, and excessive temperature rise. Lubrication is crucial for bearings, and good lubrication improves bearing life and performance. Furthermore, lubrication conditions and external factors can significantly impact bearing performance. Therefore, monitoring bearing performance during lubrication and under external conditions is essential, as it helps in selecting the most suitable external parameters for bearing operation.

[0003] In related technologies, bearing lubrication testing devices have certain limitations. They cannot integrate multiple testing modules together, have relatively simple functions, and have low integration and space utilization. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve or improve the technical problems of bearing lubrication testing devices in related technologies, which have relatively simple functions, low integration and low space utilization, the purpose of this invention is to provide an experimental device for lubrication and testing of rolling bearings.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides an experimental apparatus for lubrication and testing of rolling bearings, comprising: a frame; a mandrel rotatably mounted on the frame; a test bearing comprising: an inner ring fitted onto the mandrel, the inner ring and the mandrel being fixed relative to each other in the circumferential direction; an outer ring fitted onto the inner ring; rolling elements disposed between the inner and outer rings, the outer ring rotating relative to the inner ring via the rolling elements; a lubrication device disposed on the frame or mandrel, the lubrication device being used to spray lubricant onto the rolling elements to form a lubricating oil film between the outer ring and the rolling elements, and between the inner ring and the rolling elements; and a radial loading device disposed on the frame or mandrel. The bearing includes a frame, a radial loading device for applying radial load to the outer ring of the bearing, and / or a radial loading device mounted on a spindle for applying radial load to the inner ring of the bearing; an axial loading device mounted on the frame or spindle for applying axial load to the inner ring and / or outer ring of the bearing; a laser vibration measuring device mounted on the frame or spindle for measuring the vibration of the bearing under test; an infrared temperature measuring device mounted on the frame or spindle for measuring the temperature of the bearing under test; and an oil film observation device mounted on the frame or spindle for observing changes in the lubricating oil film.

[0006] According to the technical solution of the experimental apparatus for rolling bearing lubrication and testing provided by the present invention, multiple devices are integrated and arranged on a frame or mandrel, thereby enabling the experimental apparatus for rolling bearing lubrication and testing to have multiple functions, such as the function of spraying lubricant onto the test bearing, the function of applying radial loading to the test bearing, the function of applying axial loading to the test bearing, the function of measuring vibration of the test bearing, the function of measuring temperature of the test bearing, and the function of observing changes in the lubricating oil film. This design approach is beneficial to improving the integration and space utilization of the apparatus.

[0007] Specifically, the experimental apparatus for lubrication and testing of rolling bearings includes a frame, a mandrel, a test bearing, a lubrication device, a radial loading device, an axial loading device, a laser vibration measurement device, an infrared temperature measurement device, and an oil film observation device. The frame primarily serves as a mounting carrier for installing various devices or components. Optionally, the frame includes a connected base and uprights. The base is laid on the ground or a work platform. Optionally, there is at least one upright; that is, there can be one, two, or more uprights. The uprights can be of any shape and can be positioned anywhere on the base. The number, shape, and placement of the uprights can be flexibly configured according to the actual application scenario. Optionally, the uprights and base can be detachably connected by bolts or screws for easy assembly and disassembly by experimental personnel; alternatively, the uprights and base can be fixed together by welding, simplifying the manufacturing process; or, the uprights and base can be a single integrated structure, which offers better mechanical properties and higher connection strength compared to post-processing, reducing the number of parts and improving assembly efficiency.

[0008] Furthermore, the mandrel is rotatably mounted on the frame, and the mandrel can rotate relative to the frame. Optionally, the experimental apparatus for lubricating and testing rolling bearings also includes a second drive unit. The second drive unit has a rotatable electric spindle, which drives the mandrel to rotate relative to the frame.

[0009] Furthermore, the test bearing includes an inner ring, an outer ring, and rolling elements. Specifically, the inner ring is fitted onto a mandrel, and the inner ring and mandrel are circumferentially fixed relative to each other. Optionally, the inner ring and mandrel are circumferentially fixed by a key connection. Further, the outer ring is fitted onto the inner ring. Rolling elements are disposed between the inner and outer rings, and the outer ring rotates relative to the inner ring via the rolling elements.

[0010] Furthermore, the lubrication device is located on the frame or mandrel. The lubrication device sprays lubricant onto the rolling elements to form a lubricating oil film between the outer ring of the bearing and the rolling elements, and between the inner ring of the bearing and the rolling elements. Optionally, the lubrication device is located on the upright plate of the frame, which serves as a mounting carrier for the lubrication device. By placing the lubrication device on the upright plate of the frame, the experimental apparatus for lubricating and testing rolling bearings has a lubricant spraying function, eliminating the need for manual application of lubricant to the test bearings. Furthermore, the lubrication device can precisely control the amount of lubricant sprayed, facilitating accurate lubrication. Optionally, the lubrication device is located on the mandrel, which, compared to other installation methods, further improves integration and space utilization.

[0011] Optionally, the outer ring of the bearing is made of a transparent material to facilitate observation of the lubricating oil film formed between the outer ring and the rolling elements. Optionally, the inner ring of the bearing is made of a transparent material to facilitate observation of the lubricating oil film formed between the inner ring and the rolling elements.

[0012] Optionally, the radial loading device is located on the bearing housing. The radial loading device is used to apply a radial load to the outer ring of the bearing. Optionally, the radial loading device is located on the spindle, and is used to apply a radial load to the inner ring of the bearing. It is worth noting that the radial loading device may be located only on the bearing housing, and apply a radial load only to the outer ring of the bearing; or, the radial loading device may be located only on the spindle, and apply a radial load only to the inner ring of the bearing; or, the radial loading device may be located on both the bearing housing and the spindle, and apply a radial load to both the inner and outer rings of the bearing simultaneously.

[0013] By applying radial loads to the test bearings, the loads borne by rolling bearings in actual application scenarios are simulated, and the changes in the lubricating oil film of the rolling bearings are observed. This allows for the testing of the service performance of rolling bearings during lubrication and under the influence of external conditions, helping researchers select the most suitable external parameters for the operation of rolling bearings.

[0014] Furthermore, the axial loading device is located on the frame or mandrel. The axial loading device is used to apply axial load to the inner ring and / or outer ring of the bearing. Optionally, the axial loading device is located on the upright plate of the frame, which serves as a mounting carrier for the axial loading device. By placing the axial loading device on the upright plate of the frame, the experimental apparatus for rolling bearing lubrication and testing has the function of applying axial load to the test bearing. Optionally, placing the axial loading device on the mandrel, compared to other arrangements, is beneficial for further improving integration and space utilization. It is worth noting that the axial loading device applies axial load only to the outer ring of the bearing; or, the axial loading device applies axial load only to the inner ring of the bearing; or, the axial loading device can apply axial load to both the inner and outer rings of the bearing simultaneously.

[0015] By applying axial load to the test bearing, the load borne by the rolling bearing in the actual application scenario is simulated, and the changes in the lubricating oil film of the rolling bearing are observed. This allows for the detection of the service performance of the rolling bearing during the lubrication process and under the influence of external conditions, helping the experimenters to select the most suitable external parameters for the operation of the rolling bearing.

[0016] Furthermore, the laser vibration measurement device is mounted on the frame or mandrel. The laser vibration measurement device is used to measure the vibration of the test bearing. Optionally, the laser vibration measurement device is mounted on the upright plate of the frame, which serves as a mounting platform for the device. By mounting the laser vibration measurement device on the upright plate, the experimental apparatus for rolling bearing lubrication and testing acquires the function of measuring the vibration of the test bearing, eliminating the need for researchers to use additional equipment. Optionally, mounting the laser vibration measurement device on the mandrel, compared to other mounting methods, further improves integration and space utilization.

[0017] Furthermore, the infrared temperature measuring device is mounted on the frame or mandrel. The infrared temperature measuring device is used to measure the temperature of the tested bearing. Optionally, the infrared temperature measuring device is mounted on the upright plate of the frame, which serves as a mounting platform for the device. By mounting the infrared temperature measuring device on the upright plate of the frame, the experimental apparatus for rolling bearing lubrication and testing acquires the function of measuring the temperature of the tested bearing, eliminating the need for researchers to use additional equipment for temperature measurement. Optionally, mounting the infrared temperature measuring device on the mandrel, compared to other mounting methods, further improves integration and space utilization.

[0018] Optionally, the infrared temperature measuring device includes a temperature measuring head and a base. The base is mounted on the frame. The temperature measuring head is rotatably mounted on the base and can rotate relative to the base. The temperature measuring head is used to measure the temperature of the test bearing. Optionally, the base is mounted on the base of the frame. Optionally, the base and the base are detachably connected by bolts or screws, which facilitates disassembly and assembly by experimental personnel; alternatively, the base and the base are fixed together by welding, simplifying the manufacturing process; or alternatively, the base and the base are an integral structure, which, compared to post-processing, offers better mechanical properties, higher connection strength, and helps reduce the number of parts and improve assembly efficiency.

[0019] Optionally, the infrared temperature measurement device also includes a third driving component. The third driving component is located on the base. The third driving component is used to drive the temperature measuring head to rotate relative to the base.

[0020] Furthermore, the oil film observation device is mounted on the frame or mandrel. The oil film observation device is used to observe changes in the lubricating oil film. Optionally, the oil film observation device is mounted on the upright plate of the frame, which serves as a mounting platform for the device. By mounting the oil film observation device on the upright plate of the frame, the experimental apparatus for rolling bearing lubrication and testing acquires the function of observing changes in the lubricating oil film. Optionally, mounting the oil film observation device on the mandrel, compared to other mounting methods, is beneficial for further improving integration and space utilization.

[0021] By observing the changes in the lubricating oil film of rolling bearings, the service performance of rolling bearings during lubrication and under the influence of external conditions can be tested, helping researchers to select the most suitable external parameters for the operation of rolling bearings.

[0022] In the technical solution defined by this invention, multiple devices are integrated and mounted on a frame or mandrel, thereby enabling the experimental apparatus for rolling bearing lubrication and testing to possess multiple functions, such as the function of spraying lubricant onto the test bearing, the function of applying radial loading to the test bearing, the function of applying axial loading to the test bearing, the function of measuring vibration of the test bearing, the function of measuring temperature of the test bearing, and the function of observing changes in the lubricating oil film. This design approach is beneficial for improving the integration of the apparatus and the space utilization rate.

[0023] In addition, the technical solution provided by the present invention may also have the following additional technical features:

[0024] In some technical solutions, the radial loading device may optionally include: an annular support, disposed on the frame; an angle adjustment assembly, movably disposed on the annular support; and a radial loading electric cylinder, disposed on the angle adjustment assembly, the radial loading electric cylinder being used to apply radial load to the outer ring of the bearing.

[0025] In this technical solution, the radial loading device includes an annular support, an angle adjustment assembly, and a radial loading electric cylinder. Specifically, the annular support is located on the frame. Optionally, the annular support is connected to the base of the frame, and the annular support and the base are relatively fixed. Optionally, the annular support and the base are detachably connected by bolts or screws, which facilitates disassembly and assembly by experimental personnel; or, the annular support and the base are relatively fixed by welding, which simplifies the processing method; or, the annular support and the base are an integral structure, which, compared to post-processing, has better mechanical properties, higher connection strength, and helps to reduce the number of parts and improve assembly efficiency.

[0026] Furthermore, an angle adjustment assembly is movably mounted on the annular support. The angle adjustment assembly can move relative to the annular support. Further, a radial loading electric cylinder is mounted on the angle adjustment assembly. The radial loading electric cylinder is used to apply a radial load to the outer ring of the bearing. The radial loading electric cylinder can move relative to the annular support via the angle adjustment assembly to apply radial loads to different positions on the outer ring of the test bearing according to actual needs. By applying radial loads to different positions of the test bearing, the load borne by the rolling bearing in actual application scenarios is simulated, and the changes in the lubricating oil film of the rolling bearing are observed. This allows for the testing of the rolling bearing's performance during lubrication and under external conditions, helping researchers select the most suitable external parameters for rolling bearing operation.

[0027] Optionally, the annular support has a notch to facilitate the observation of the lubricating oil film or oil film image of the test bearing by the experimenter.

[0028] In some technical solutions, optionally, a gear ring is provided on the inner side of the annular bracket, and a guide groove is provided on the annular bracket. The angle adjustment component includes: a motion bracket, movably disposed on the annular bracket, with a protrusion on the motion bracket disposed in the guide groove, and the motion bracket being connected to a radial loading electric cylinder; a gear, rotatably disposed on the motion bracket, the gear meshing with the gear ring; and a first driving member, disposed on the motion bracket, the first driving member being used to drive the gear to rotate.

[0029] In this technical solution, the angle adjustment component includes a motion bracket, a gear, and a first driving member. Specifically, the motion bracket is movably mounted on the annular bracket and can move relative to the annular bracket. Further, the annular bracket has a guide groove, and the motion bracket has a protrusion located within the guide groove. The interaction between the guide groove and the protrusion provides guidance, improving the smoothness of the motion bracket's movement relative to the annular bracket. Optionally, the motion bracket is a bent structure, U-shaped or approximately U-shaped. Optionally, the motion bracket includes two side plates and a connecting plate. One side plate is connected to one side of the connecting plate, and the other side plate is connected to the other side of the connecting plate. Optionally, the two side plates and the connecting plate form a U-shaped structure. At least part of the annular bracket is located inside the U-shaped structure. Optionally, each side of the annular bracket has a guide groove. The two side plates, close to each other, each have a protrusion, i.e., the U-shaped structure has two protrusions. Each protrusion is located within a corresponding guide groove. This design helps to further improve the stability of the movement of the motion support relative to the ring support.

[0030] Furthermore, the motion support is connected to a radial loading electric cylinder, which applies a radial load to the outer ring of the bearing. A gear is rotatably mounted on the motion support and can rotate relative to it. Optionally, the gear is located inside the U-shaped structure. Optionally, the motion support has a connecting hole, and the gear has a central hole. The angle adjustment assembly also includes a first connecting pin, which passes through the connecting hole and the central hole to achieve a rotatable connection between the gear and the motion support. The gear can rotate relative to the motion support about the axis of the first connecting pin. Furthermore, the gear meshes with the gear ring. Furthermore, a first driving member is mounted on the motion support. Optionally, the first driving member is connected to the motion support and is also connected to the gear transmission. The first driving member is used to drive the gear to rotate. Through the meshing of the gear and the gear ring, the motion support can move relative to the annular support, and the radial loading electric cylinder can move with the motion support relative to the annular support. The experimenter can adjust the relative position of the radial loading electric cylinder and the annular support according to actual needs to apply a radial load to different positions of the outer ring of the test bearing.

[0031] Optionally, the gear is a right-angle gear. Optionally, the guide groove is an annular groove. The moving bracket can perform circumferential motion relative to the annular bracket. Optionally, the first driving component is a drive motor. Driven by the first driving component, the radial loading electric cylinder moves circumferentially along the gear ring of the annular bracket with the moving bracket, thereby changing the loading angle of the radial loading electric cylinder.

[0032] In the technical solution defined by this invention, by setting an angle adjustment component, radial loading can be applied to different angles of the test bearing, and precise positioning can be achieved, making the simulated working conditions more diverse and solving the shortcomings of the prior art that can only be radially loaded at a single fixed position.

[0033] In some technical solutions, optionally, the annular bracket is provided with a plurality of equally spaced first limiting holes, the motion bracket is provided with a second limiting hole, and the angle adjustment component further includes: a first limiting member, which passes through the second limiting hole and one of the first limiting holes.

[0034] In this technical solution, the angle adjustment assembly also includes a first limiting member. Specifically, the annular bracket has multiple equally spaced first limiting holes, and the moving bracket has a second limiting hole. The first limiting member passes through the second limiting hole and one of the first limiting holes to achieve a locking function.

[0035] Optionally, the first limiting element is a bolt or a limiting pin. When the motion bracket moves to the designated position, the first limiting element passes through the lower through hole (second limiting hole) of the motion bracket and the through hole (one of the first limiting holes) on the annular bracket, locking the motion bracket.

[0036] Optionally, two adjacent first limiting holes are set at a first angle interval on the annular bracket. Optionally, the first angle is 5 degrees, 10 degrees, 15 degrees, or 20 degrees. This design can, on the one hand, lock the moving bracket; on the other hand, it makes it easy to know the angular position of the moving bracket, facilitating data support for experimenters.

[0037] In addition, the first limiting component can not only lock the moving bracket, but also share the reaction force generated by the radial loading electric cylinder, which helps to extend the service life of the gear.

[0038] In some technical solutions, optionally, the axial loading device includes: a sleeve fitted onto the mandrel, the sleeve being movable relative to the mandrel in the axial direction, and the mandrel being rotatable relative to the sleeve in the circumferential direction; at least three pushers movably disposed on the sleeve, the pushers being radially away from or close to the sleeve, the pushers being used to abut against the sidewall of the outer ring of the bearing and / or the sidewall of the inner ring of the bearing.

[0039] In this technical solution, the axial loading device includes a sleeve and at least three pushers. Specifically, the sleeve is fitted onto the mandrel. The sleeve is axially movable relative to the mandrel; the mandrel is circumferentially rotatable relative to the sleeve. Optionally, the sleeve is a bearing bush, and the sleeve and mandrel form a bearing structure.

[0040] Furthermore, the pusher is movably disposed on the sleeve. The pusher can move away from or towards the sleeve radially. The pusher is used to abut against the sidewall of the bearing outer ring and / or the sidewall of the bearing inner ring. Optionally, the pusher can abut only against the sidewall of the bearing outer ring; or, the pusher can abut only against the sidewall of the bearing inner ring; or, the pusher can abut against both the sidewall of the bearing outer ring and the sidewall of the bearing inner ring.

[0041] It is worth noting that, because the sleeve can move axially relative to the mandrel, the pusher can apply an axial load to the test bearing during this axial movement. Since the pusher can move radially away from or towards the sleeve, it can accommodate different types of test bearings. Furthermore, the number of pushers is at least three, and the number can be flexibly configured according to actual needs. Optionally, three pushers can be used to form a three-jaw pusher structure.

[0042] Optionally, the pusher plate is provided with a guide rod, which passes through the sleeve. The axial direction of the guide rod is consistent with the radial direction of the sleeve. The pusher plate moves closer to or away from the sleeve via the guide rod.

[0043] In some technical solutions, the axial loading device may optionally include: a support base connected to the sleeve, the support base being slidably connected to the frame; and an axial loading electric cylinder located on the frame, the axial loading electric cylinder being used to drive the support base to move relative to the frame.

[0044] In this technical solution, the axial loading device also includes a support base and an axial loading electric cylinder. Specifically, the support base is connected to the sleeve and slidably connected to the frame. Optionally, the support base and the sleeve are fixed together by welding, simplifying the processing; or, the support base and the sleeve are an integral structure, which offers better mechanical properties and higher connection strength compared to post-processing, reducing the number of parts and improving assembly efficiency. Optionally, the bottom of the support base is provided with a sliding groove. The axial loading device also includes a guide rail, which is mounted on the base. At least part of the guide rail is located within the sliding groove. Through the cooperation of the guide rail and the sliding groove, a guiding function can be achieved, making the movement of the support base relative to the frame smoother. Optionally, the sliding groove is a dovetail groove. The contour of the outer wall of the guide rail matches the groove wall of the dovetail groove.

[0045] Furthermore, an axial loading electric cylinder is mounted on the frame. The axial loading electric cylinder is used to drive the support seat to move relative to the frame. The axial loading electric cylinder applies a precise axial force to the test bearing through the support seat, sleeve, and push plate.

[0046] In the technical solution defined by this invention, the axial loading electric cylinder can apply precise axial force to the test bearing through the support base, sleeve and push plate, and the push plate can adapt to different types of test bearings, which solves the problems of inaccurate force caused by manual loading and inability to flexibly adapt to test bearings of different sizes in the prior art.

[0047] In some technical solutions, optionally, the lubrication device includes: a passive cylinder, including a first cylinder body and a first piston, the first cylinder body being mounted on a frame, the first piston passing through the first cylinder body, the first cylinder body having an oil inlet communicating with the interior of the first cylinder body; an oil outlet pipe, one end of the oil outlet pipe being connected to and communicating with the interior of the first cylinder body, the other end of the oil outlet pipe being an oil outlet, the oil outlet pipe having an air inlet; and an active cylinder, including a second cylinder body and a second piston rod, the second cylinder body being mounted on a frame, the second piston rod passing through the second cylinder body, the second piston rod being connected to and communicating with the interior of the first cylinder body; and an active cylinder, including a second cylinder body and a second piston rod, the second cylinder body being mounted on a frame, the second piston rod passing through the second cylinder body, the second piston rod being connected to and communicating with the first piston rod. The system includes a piston connection, with the second piston rod driving the first piston to move relative to the first cylinder; a control component, including: a grating ruler connected to the second cylinder; a sensor connected to the second piston rod, which, during the movement of the second piston rod relative to the second cylinder, can detect changes in the light source of the grating ruler and generate a light source signal, and can convert the light source signal into a pulse signal; and a controller electrically connected to the sensor, which can receive the pulse signal from the sensor and control the relative movement distance between the second piston rod and the second cylinder based on the pulse signal.

[0048] In this technical solution, the lubrication device includes a passive cylinder, an oil outlet pipe, an active cylinder, and a control assembly. Specifically, the passive cylinder includes a first cylinder and a first piston. The first cylinder is mounted on the frame. The first piston passes through the first cylinder and is movable relative to the first cylinder. Further, the first cylinder has an oil inlet that communicates with the interior of the first cylinder. By providing the oil inlet, the experimenter can add lubricant to the interior of the first cylinder. During the observation of the test bearing, the first piston can push out the lubricant from the first cylinder. Optionally, the first cylinder is a transparent cylinder. This allows the experimenter to easily observe the lubricant inside the first cylinder and allows light to pass through the first cylinder, enabling the sensor to detect changes in the light source of the grating ruler.

[0049] Furthermore, one end of the oil outlet pipe is connected to and communicates with the interior of the first cylinder. The other end of the oil outlet pipe is an oil outlet. Furthermore, the oil outlet pipe is equipped with an air inlet. Two different lubrication methods can be achieved by whether or not air is introduced into the air inlet: oil mist lubrication is achieved when air is introduced, and oil injection lubrication is achieved when no air is introduced.

[0050] Optionally, the lubrication device also includes a pressure valve. The pressure valve is located at the front end of the passive cylinder. One end of the oil outlet pipe is connected to the first cylinder body via the pressure valve. By setting the pressure valve, a certain pressure threshold is maintained in the pipeline or connecting cavity to ensure that lubricant does not flow out or backflow when the active cylinder is not working. Optionally, the oil outlet pipe is provided with multiple fluid bundle-like tubes near the oil outlet to make the sprayed oil or oil-air more uniform and achieve a better lubrication effect.

[0051] Furthermore, the active hydraulic cylinder includes a second cylinder body and a second piston rod. The second cylinder body is mounted on the frame. The second piston rod passes through the second cylinder body and is movable relative to the second cylinder body. The second piston rod is connected to the first piston. The second piston rod is used to drive the first piston to move relative to the first cylinder body.

[0052] Furthermore, the control components include a grating ruler, a sensor, and a controller. Specifically, the grating ruler is connected to the second cylinder. Optionally, the grating ruler and the second cylinder are detachably connected by bolts or screws, facilitating disassembly and assembly by experimental personnel. Optionally, the grating ruler includes a reference ruler and a black reflective strip. The reference ruler is connected to the second cylinder, and the black reflective strip is located on the reference ruler. Optionally, black reflective strips are provided on the reference ruler every 40 μm.

[0053] Furthermore, the sensor is connected to the second piston rod. The sensor can move together with the second piston rod. As the second piston rod moves relative to the second cylinder, the sensor can detect changes in the light source of the grating ruler and generate a light source signal, which the sensor can convert into a pulse signal. Furthermore, the controller is electrically connected to the sensor. The controller can receive the pulse signal from the sensor. The controller controls the relative movement distance between the second piston rod and the second cylinder based on the pulse signal.

[0054] By sending pulse signals to the controller, the movement distance of the second piston rod is precisely controlled, which in turn controls the oil volume. Changing the thrust changes the time required to push the same volume, thus changing the flow rate. The entire process achieves closed-loop servo control.

[0055] In the technical solution defined by this invention, the overall structure of the lubrication device is simple, and the oil output can be accurately controlled through the control components (grating ruler, sensor and controller), which solves the problem that the existing technology has a complex structure and cannot accurately control the oil output and oil speed.

[0056] In some technical solutions, optionally, the laser vibration measuring device includes: a first robotic arm, one end of which is connected to the frame; and a laser vibration measuring head, which is rotatably connected to the other end of the first robotic arm.

[0057] In this technical solution, the laser vibration measurement device includes a first robotic arm and a laser vibration measuring head. Specifically, one end of the first robotic arm is connected to the frame. The laser vibration measuring head is rotatably connected to the other end of the first robotic arm. The laser vibration measuring head is used to measure the vibration of the test bearing. It is worth noting that, because the laser vibration measuring head is rotatably connected to the first robotic arm, the laser vibration measuring head can swing up, down, left, and right. In addition, the laser vibration measuring head can move relative to the frame via the first robotic arm. By setting the first robotic arm, it is beneficial to increase the extension range of the laser vibration measuring head, so that the laser vibration measuring head can measure the vibration at different positions of the test bearing. Optionally, the number of first robotic arms is at least one, that is, there can be one, two, or more first robotic arms. Considering the extension range of the laser vibration measuring head, the stability during movement, the space occupied, cost, and other factors, the first robotic arms can be flexibly set according to actual needs. Optionally, the driving component of the first robotic arm is a telescopic rod, and it is driven by a hydraulic component.

[0058] In some technical solutions, optionally, the oil film observation device includes: an adjustment mechanism, comprising: a movable base movably mounted on the frame; a second robotic arm, one end of which is connected to the movable base; and an observation head rotatably connected to the other end of the second robotic arm.

[0059] In this technical solution, the oil film observation device includes an adjustment mechanism and an observation head. The adjustment mechanism includes a movable base and a second robotic arm. Specifically, the movable base is movably mounted on the frame and can move relative to the frame. Optionally, the movable base is slidably connected to the upright plate of the frame. Optionally, the upright plate is provided with a limiting groove. Optionally, the limiting groove is a strip-shaped groove. Optionally, the adjustment structure also includes a second limiting member. The second limiting member passes through the movable base and the limiting groove to fix the movable base relative to the upright plate. Optionally, the second limiting member is a limiting pin, bolt, or screw. When the experimenter adjusts the oil film observation device to a suitable position, it is limited by the second limiting member.

[0060] Furthermore, one end of the second robotic arm is connected to the movable base. The observation head is rotatably connected to the other end of the second robotic arm. The observation head is used to observe the lubricating oil film or oil film image formed on the test bearing. It is worth noting that, because the observation head is rotatably connected to the second robotic arm, the observation head can swing up, down, left, and right. In addition, the observation head can move relative to the frame via the second robotic arm. By setting up the second robotic arm, it is beneficial to increase the extension range of the observation head and change the observation position and angle of the observation head, so that the observation head can observe the oil film image from various angles and positions.

[0061] In some technical solutions, the outer ring of the bearing may optionally be made of sapphire.

[0062] In this technical solution, by setting the bearing outer ring to sapphire material, firstly, it ensures that the bearing outer ring is transparent, making it convenient for researchers to observe the lubricating oil film formed between the bearing outer ring and the rolling elements; secondly, the bearing outer ring has sufficient structural strength and good resistance to oil corrosion and temperature rise.

[0063] Additional aspects and advantages of the technical solutions of the present invention will become apparent in the following description or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0064] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an experimental apparatus for lubrication and testing of rolling bearings according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0065] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of an oil film observation device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0066] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a lubrication device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0067] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of an axial loading device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0068] Figure 5A schematic diagram of a radial loading device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0069] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of an infrared temperature measuring device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0070] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a laser vibration measuring device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0071] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the oil outlet of an oil outlet pipe according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0072] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of a passive hydraulic cylinder according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0073] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of a test bearing according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0074] in, Figures 1 to 10 The correspondence between the reference numerals and component names in the attached drawings is as follows:

[0075] 100: Experimental apparatus for lubrication and testing of rolling bearings; 110: Frame; 111: Base; 112: Vertical plate; 1121: Limiting groove; 120: Mandrel; 130: Test bearing; 131: Inner ring of bearing; 132: Outer ring of bearing; 133: Rolling element; 140: Lubrication device; 141: Passive cylinder; 1411: First cylinder body; 1412: Oil inlet; 1413: First piston; 142: Oil outlet pipe; 14 21: Oil outlet; 1422: Air inlet; 1423: Fluid bundle tube; 143: Active cylinder; 1431: Second cylinder body; 1432: Second piston rod; 144: Control component; 1441: Grating ruler; 1442: Reference ruler; 1443: Black reflective strip; 1444: Sensor; 1445: Controller; 145: Pressure valve; 150: Radial loading device; 151: Annular bracket; 1511: Notch; 1 512: Gear ring; 1513: Guide groove; 1514: First limiting hole; 152: Angle adjustment assembly; 1521: Motion bracket; 1522: Protrusion; 1523: Second limiting hole; 1524: Gear; 1525: First driving component; 1526: First limiting component; 153: Radial loading electric cylinder; 160: Axial loading device; 161: Sleeve; 162: Push plate; 163: Guide rod; 164: Support base; 1 65: Axial loading electric cylinder; 166: Slide groove; 167: Guide rail; 170: Laser vibration measuring device; 171: First robotic arm; 172: Laser vibration measuring head; 180: Infrared temperature measuring device; 181: Temperature measuring head; 182: Base; 183: Third driving component; 190: Oil film observation device; 191: Adjustment mechanism; 1911: Moving seat; 1912: Second robotic arm; 1913: Second limiting component; 192: Observation head. Detailed Implementation

[0076] To better understand the above-described objectives, features, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention, the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in these embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0077] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of this application. However, embodiments of the invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0078] The following reference Figures 1 to 10 This invention describes an experimental apparatus 100 for lubrication and testing of rolling bearings, provided according to some embodiments of the present invention.

[0079] In one embodiment of the invention, such as Figure 1As shown, the experimental apparatus 100 for rolling bearing lubrication and testing includes a frame 110, a mandrel 120, a test bearing 130, a lubrication device 140, a radial loading device 150, an axial loading device 160, a laser vibration measuring device 170, an infrared temperature measuring device 180, and an oil film observation device 190. The frame 110 primarily serves as a mounting carrier for installing various devices or components. Optionally, the frame 110 includes a connected base 111 and uprights 112. The base 111 is laid on the ground or a work platform. Optionally, the number of uprights 112 is at least one; that is, there can be one, two, or more uprights 112. The uprights 112 can be of any shape and can be positioned anywhere on the base 111. The number, shape, and placement of the uprights 112 can be flexibly configured according to the actual application scenario. Optionally, the upright plate 112 and the base 111 can be detachably connected by bolts or screws, which is convenient for experimental personnel to disassemble and assemble; or, the upright plate 112 and the base 111 can be fixed to each other by welding, which is simple to process; or, the upright plate 112 and the base 111 can be an integral structure, which has better mechanical properties and higher connection strength than post-processing, which helps to reduce the number of parts and improve assembly efficiency.

[0080] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 As shown, the mandrel 120 is rotatably mounted on the frame 110, and the mandrel 120 can rotate relative to the frame 110. Optionally, the experimental apparatus 100 for rolling bearing lubrication and testing further includes a second drive member. The second drive member has a rotatable electric spindle, which drives the mandrel 120 to rotate relative to the frame 110.

[0081] Furthermore, such as Figure 10 As shown, the test bearing 130 includes an inner bearing ring 131, an outer bearing ring 132, and rolling elements 133. Specifically, the inner bearing ring 131 is fitted onto the spindle 120, and the inner bearing ring 131 and the spindle 120 are circumferentially fixed relative to each other. Optionally, the inner bearing ring 131 and the spindle 120 are circumferentially fixed relative to each other by a key connection. Further, the outer bearing ring 132 is fitted onto the inner bearing ring 131. The rolling elements 133 are disposed between the inner bearing ring 131 and the outer bearing ring 132, and the outer bearing ring 132 rotates relative to the inner bearing ring 131 through the rolling elements 133.

[0082] Furthermore, the lubrication device 140 is mounted on the frame 110 or the spindle 120. The lubrication device 140 is used to spray lubricant onto the rolling elements 133, so that a lubricating oil film is formed between the outer ring 132 of the bearing and the rolling elements 133, and between the inner ring 131 of the bearing and the rolling elements 133. Optionally, the lubrication device 140 is mounted on the upright plate 112 of the frame 110, which serves as a mounting carrier for the lubrication device 140. By mounting the lubrication device 140 on the upright plate 112 of the frame 110, the experimental apparatus 100 for rolling bearing lubrication and testing has a lubricant spraying function, eliminating the need for manual lubrication of the test bearing 130. Furthermore, the lubrication device 140 can precisely control the amount of lubricant sprayed, which is beneficial for achieving precise lubrication. Optionally, mounting the lubrication device 140 on the spindle 120, compared to other mounting methods, is beneficial for further improving integration and space utilization.

[0083] Optionally, the outer ring 132 of the bearing is made of a transparent material, which facilitates the observation of the lubricating oil film formed between the outer ring 132 and the rolling element 133 by the experimenter. Optionally, the inner ring 131 of the bearing is made of a transparent material, which facilitates the observation of the lubricating oil film formed between the inner ring 131 and the rolling element 133 by the experimenter.

[0084] Optionally, the radial loading device 150 is disposed on the frame 110. The radial loading device 150 is used to apply a radial load to the outer ring 132 of the bearing. Optionally, the radial loading device 150 is disposed on the spindle 120, and the radial loading device 150 is used to apply a radial load to the inner ring 131 of the bearing. It is worth noting that the radial loading device 150 may be disposed only on the frame 110, and the radial loading device 150 applies a radial load only to the outer ring 132 of the bearing; or, the radial loading device 150 may be disposed only on the spindle 120, and the radial loading device 150 applies a radial load only to the inner ring 131 of the bearing; or, the radial loading device 150 may be disposed on both the frame 110 and the spindle 120, and the radial loading device 150 applies a radial load to both the inner ring 131 and the outer ring 132 of the bearing.

[0085] By applying a radial load to the test bearing 130, the load borne by the rolling bearing in actual application scenarios is simulated, and the changes in the lubricating oil film of the rolling bearing are observed. This allows for the detection of the rolling bearing's service performance during lubrication and under the influence of external conditions, helping researchers select the most suitable external parameters for the operation of the rolling bearing.

[0086] Furthermore, the axial loading device 160 is disposed on the frame 110 or the spindle 120. The axial loading device 160 is used to apply axial load to the inner ring 131 and / or the outer ring 132 of the bearing. Optionally, the axial loading device 160 is disposed on the upright plate 112 of the frame 110, and the upright plate 112 serves as a mounting carrier for the axial loading device 160. By disposing of the axial loading device 160 on the upright plate 112 of the frame 110, the experimental apparatus 100 for rolling bearing lubrication and testing has the function of applying axial load to the test bearing 130. Optionally, disposing the axial loading device 160 on the spindle 120 is advantageous for further improving integration and space utilization compared to other arrangements. It is worth noting that the axial loading device 160 applies axial load only to the outer ring 132 of the bearing; or, the axial loading device 160 applies axial load only to the inner ring 131 of the bearing; or, the axial loading device 160 can apply axial load to both the inner ring 131 and the outer ring 132 of the bearing simultaneously.

[0087] By applying an axial load to the test bearing 130, the load borne by the rolling bearing in actual application scenarios is simulated, and the changes in the lubricating oil film of the rolling bearing are observed. This allows for the detection of the service performance of the rolling bearing during lubrication and under the influence of external conditions, helping researchers select the most suitable external parameters for the operation of the rolling bearing.

[0088] Furthermore, the laser vibration measuring device 170 is mounted on the frame 110 or the mandrel 120. The laser vibration measuring device 170 is used to measure the vibration of the test bearing 130. Optionally, the laser vibration measuring device 170 is mounted on the upright plate 112 of the frame 110, where the upright plate 112 serves as a mounting carrier for the laser vibration measuring device 170. By mounting the laser vibration measuring device 170 on the upright plate 112 of the frame 110, the experimental apparatus 100 for rolling bearing lubrication and testing possesses the function of measuring the vibration of the test bearing 130, eliminating the need for additional equipment for vibration measurement by the experimenter. Optionally, mounting the laser vibration measuring device 170 on the mandrel 120, compared to other mounting methods, is beneficial for further improving integration and space utilization.

[0089] Furthermore, such as Figure 1As shown, the infrared temperature measuring device 180 is mounted on the frame 110 or the spindle 120. The infrared temperature measuring device 180 is used to measure the temperature of the test bearing 130. Optionally, the infrared temperature measuring device 180 is mounted on the upright plate 112 of the frame 110, where the upright plate 112 serves as a mounting carrier for the infrared temperature measuring device 180. By mounting the infrared temperature measuring device 180 on the upright plate 112 of the frame 110, the experimental device 100 for rolling bearing lubrication and testing has the function of measuring the temperature of the test bearing 130, eliminating the need for additional equipment for temperature measurement by the experimenter. Optionally, mounting the infrared temperature measuring device 180 on the spindle 120, compared to other mounting methods, further improves integration and space utilization.

[0090] Optionally, such as Figure 6 As shown, the infrared temperature measuring device 180 includes a temperature measuring head 181 and a base 182. The base 182 is mounted on the frame 110. The temperature measuring head 181 is rotatably mounted on the base 182 and can rotate relative to the base 182. The temperature measuring head 181 is used to measure the temperature of the test bearing 130. Optionally, the base 182 is mounted on the base 111 of the frame 110. Optionally, the base 182 and the base 111 are detachably connected by bolts or screws, which facilitates disassembly and assembly by experimental personnel; or, the base 182 and the base 111 are fixed relative to each other by welding, which simplifies the processing method; or, the base 182 and the base 111 are an integral structure, which has better mechanical properties and higher connection strength compared to post-processing, which helps to reduce the number of parts and improve assembly efficiency.

[0091] Optionally, such as Figure 6 As shown, the infrared temperature measuring device 180 also includes a third driving member 183. The third driving member 183 is disposed on the base 182. The third driving member 183 is used to drive the temperature measuring head 181 to rotate relative to the base 182.

[0092] Furthermore, the oil film observation device 190 is mounted on the frame 110 or the spindle 120. The oil film observation device 190 is used to observe changes in the lubricating oil film. Optionally, the oil film observation device 190 is mounted on the upright plate 112 of the frame 110, where the upright plate 112 serves as a mounting carrier for the oil film observation device 190. By mounting the oil film observation device 190 on the upright plate 112 of the frame 110, the experimental device 100 for rolling bearing lubrication and testing possesses the function of observing changes in the lubricating oil film. Optionally, mounting the oil film observation device 190 on the spindle 120, compared to other mounting methods, is beneficial for further improving integration and space utilization.

[0093] By observing the changes in the lubricating oil film of rolling bearings, the service performance of rolling bearings during lubrication and under the influence of external conditions can be tested, helping researchers to select the most suitable external parameters for the operation of rolling bearings.

[0094] In the technical solution defined by this invention, multiple devices are integrated on the frame 110 or the mandrel 120, thereby enabling the experimental device 100 for rolling bearing lubrication and testing to possess multiple functions, such as the function of spraying lubricant onto the test bearing 130, the function of applying radial loading to the test bearing 130, the function of applying axial loading to the test bearing 130, the function of measuring vibration of the test bearing 130, the function of measuring temperature of the test bearing 130, and the function of observing changes in the lubricating oil film. This design approach is beneficial for improving the integration of the device and the space utilization rate.

[0095] In some embodiments, optionally, such as Figure 5 As shown, the radial loading device 150 includes an annular bracket 151, an angle adjustment assembly 152, and a radial loading electric cylinder 153. Specifically, the annular bracket 151 is disposed on the frame 110. Optionally, the annular bracket 151 is connected to the base 111 of the frame 110, and the annular bracket 151 and the base 111 are relatively fixed. Optionally, the annular bracket 151 and the base 111 are detachably connected by bolts or screws, which facilitates disassembly and assembly by experimental personnel; or, the annular bracket 151 and the base 111 are relatively fixed by welding, which simplifies the processing method; or, the annular bracket 151 and the base 111 are an integral structure, which has better mechanical properties and higher connection strength compared to post-processing, and helps to reduce the number of parts and improve assembly efficiency.

[0096] Furthermore, such as Figure 5 As shown, the angle adjustment component 152 is movably mounted on the annular support 151. The angle adjustment component 152 can move relative to the annular support 151. Further, a radial loading cylinder 153 is mounted on the angle adjustment component 152. The radial loading cylinder 153 is used to apply a radial load to the outer ring 132 of the bearing. The radial loading cylinder 153 can move relative to the annular support 151 via the angle adjustment component 152 to apply radial loads to different positions of the outer ring 132 of the test bearing 130 according to actual needs. By applying radial loads to different positions of the test bearing 130, the load borne by the rolling bearing in actual application scenarios is simulated, and the changes in the lubricating oil film of the rolling bearing are observed. This allows for the detection of the rolling bearing's service performance during lubrication and under external conditions, helping researchers select the most suitable external parameters for rolling bearing operation.

[0097] Optionally, such as Figure 5As shown, the annular support 151 has a notch 1511 to facilitate the observation of the lubricating oil film or oil film image of the test bearing 130 by the experimenter.

[0098] In some embodiments, optionally, such as Figure 5 As shown, the angle adjustment assembly 152 includes a motion bracket 1521, a gear 1524, and a first drive member 1525. Specifically, the motion bracket 1521 is movably disposed on the annular bracket 151, and the motion bracket 1521 can move relative to the annular bracket 151. Further, the annular bracket 151 is provided with a guide groove 1513, and the motion bracket 1521 is provided with a protrusion 1522, which is disposed within the guide groove 1513. Through the mutual cooperation of the guide groove 1513 and the protrusion 1522, a guiding function can be achieved, which helps to improve the smoothness of the movement of the motion bracket 1521 relative to the annular bracket 151. Optionally, the motion bracket 1521 has a bent structure, which is U-shaped or approximately U-shaped. Optionally, the motion bracket 1521 includes two side plates and a connecting plate. One side plate is connected to one side of the connecting plate, and the other side plate is connected to the other side of the connecting plate. Optionally, the two side plates and the connecting plate form a U-shaped structure. At least a portion of the annular support 151 is located inside the U-shaped structure. Optionally, each side of the annular support 151 has a guide groove 1513. The two side plates, which are close to each other, each have a protrusion 1522, meaning the U-shaped structure has two protrusions 1522. Each protrusion 1522 is located within a corresponding guide groove 1513. This design helps to further improve the smoothness of the movement of the motion support 1521 relative to the annular support 151.

[0099] Further, the motion bracket 1521 is connected to the radial loading electric cylinder 153, which is used to apply a radial load to the outer ring 132 of the bearing. A gear 1524 is rotatably mounted on the motion bracket 1521 and can rotate relative to the motion bracket 1521. Optionally, the gear 1524 is located inside the U-shaped structure. Optionally, the motion bracket 1521 has a connecting hole, and the gear 1524 has a central hole. The angle adjustment assembly 152 also includes a first connecting pin, which passes through the connecting hole and the central hole to achieve a rotatable connection between the gear 1524 and the motion bracket 1521. The gear 1524 can rotate relative to the motion bracket 1521 about the axis of the first connecting pin. Further, the gear 1524 meshes with the gear ring 1512. Further, a first driving member 1525 is mounted on the motion bracket 1521. Optionally, the first driving member 1525 is connected to the motion bracket 1521, and the first driving member 1525 is also connected to the gear 1524 in a transmission manner. The first driving member 1525 is used to drive the gear 1524 to rotate. Through the meshing of the gear 1524 and the gear ring 1512, the motion bracket 1521 can move relative to the annular bracket 151, and the radial loading electric cylinder 153 can move relative to the annular bracket 151 along with the motion bracket 1521. The experimenter can adjust the relative position of the radial loading electric cylinder 153 and the annular bracket 151 according to actual needs to apply radial load to different positions of the outer ring 132 of the test bearing 130.

[0100] Optionally, gear 1524 is a right-angle gear 1524. Optionally, guide groove 1513 is an annular groove. The motion bracket 1521 can perform circumferential motion relative to the annular bracket 151. Optionally, the first driving member 1525 is a drive motor. Driven by the first driving member 1525, the radial loading electric cylinder 153 moves circumferentially along the gear ring 1512 of the annular bracket 151 together with the motion bracket 1521, thereby changing the loading angle of the radial loading electric cylinder 153.

[0101] In the technical solution defined by the present invention, by setting the angle adjustment component 152, radial loading can be applied to the test bearing 130 at different angles, and precise positioning can be achieved, making the simulated working conditions more diversified, and solving the shortcomings of the prior art that can only be radially loaded at a single fixed position.

[0102] In some embodiments, optionally, such as Figure 5 As shown, the angle adjustment assembly 152 also includes a first limiting member 1526. Specifically, the annular bracket 151 is provided with a plurality of equally spaced first limiting holes 1514, and the motion bracket 1521 is provided with a second limiting hole 1523. The first limiting member 1526 passes through the second limiting hole 1523 and one of the first limiting holes 1514 to achieve a locking function.

[0103] Optionally, the first limiting member 1526 is a bolt or a limiting pin. When the motion bracket 1521 moves to the designated position, the first limiting member 1526 passes through the lower through hole (second limiting hole 1523) of the motion bracket 1521 and the through hole (one of the first limiting holes 1514) on the annular bracket 151, locking the motion bracket 1521.

[0104] Optionally, two adjacent first limiting holes 1514 are set at a first angle interval on the annular bracket 151. Optionally, the first angle is 5 degrees, 10 degrees, 15 degrees, or 20 degrees. This design can, on the one hand, lock the motion bracket 1521; on the other hand, it makes it easy to know the angular position of the motion bracket 1521, facilitating data support for experimenters.

[0105] In addition, the first limiting member 1526 can not only lock the motion bracket 1521, but also share the reaction force generated by the radial loading electric cylinder 153, which is beneficial to extending the service life of the gear 1524.

[0106] In some embodiments, optionally, such as Figure 4 As shown, the axial loading device 160 includes a sleeve 161 and at least three pushers 162. Specifically, the sleeve 161 is fitted onto the spindle 120. The sleeve 161 is axially movable relative to the spindle 120; the spindle 120 is circumferentially rotatable relative to the sleeve 161. Optionally, the sleeve 161 is a bearing bush, and the sleeve 161 and the spindle 120 form a bearing structure.

[0107] Furthermore, the pusher 162 is movably disposed on the sleeve 161. The pusher 162 can move away from or towards the sleeve 161 radially. The pusher 162 is used to abut against the sidewall of the bearing outer ring 132 and / or the sidewall of the bearing inner ring 131. Optionally, the pusher 162 can only abut against the sidewall of the bearing outer ring 132; or, the pusher 162 can only abut against the sidewall of the bearing inner ring 131; or, the pusher 162 can abut against both the sidewall of the bearing outer ring 132 and the sidewall of the bearing inner ring 131.

[0108] It is worth noting that, since the sleeve 161 can move axially relative to the mandrel 120, the pusher 162 can apply an axial load to the test bearing 130 during this axial movement. Because the pusher 162 can move radially away from or towards the sleeve 161, it can accommodate different types of test bearings 130. Furthermore, the number of pushers 162 is at least three, and the number can be flexibly configured according to actual needs. Optionally, the number of pushers 162 is three, forming a three-jaw pusher 162 structure.

[0109] Optionally, such as Figure 6 As shown, the pusher plate 162 is provided with a guide rod 163, which passes through the sleeve 161. The axial direction of the guide rod 163 is consistent with the radial direction of the sleeve 161. The pusher plate 162 moves closer to or further away from the sleeve 161 through the guide rod 163.

[0110] In some embodiments, optionally, such as Figure 6 As shown, the axial loading device 160 also includes a support base 164 and an axial loading electric cylinder 165. Specifically, the support base 164 is connected to the sleeve 161, and the support base 164 is slidably connected to the frame 110. Optionally, the support base 164 and the sleeve 161 are fixed relative to each other by welding, which simplifies the processing method; or, the support base 164 and the sleeve 161 are an integral structure, which has better mechanical properties and higher connection strength compared to post-processing, and helps to reduce the number of parts and improve assembly efficiency. Optionally, the bottom of the support base 164 is provided with a sliding groove 166. The axial loading device 160 also includes a guide rail 167, which is disposed on the base 111. At least part of the guide rail 167 is disposed in the sliding groove 166. Through the mutual cooperation of the guide rail 167 and the sliding groove 166, a guiding function can be achieved, making the movement of the support base 164 relative to the frame 110 more stable. Optionally, the sliding groove 166 is a dovetail groove. The outer contour of the guide rail 167 is adapted to the groove wall of the dovetail groove.

[0111] Furthermore, an axial loading electric cylinder 165 is disposed on the frame 110. The axial loading electric cylinder 165 is used to drive the support base 164 to move relative to the frame 110. The axial loading electric cylinder 165 applies a precise axial force to the test bearing 130 through the support base 164, the sleeve 161, and the push plate 162.

[0112] In the technical solution defined by the present invention, the axial loading electric cylinder 165 can apply a precise axial force to the test bearing 130 through the support seat 164, sleeve 161 and push plate 162, and the push plate 162 can adapt to different models of test bearings 130, thus solving the problems of inaccurate force caused by manual loading and inability to flexibly adapt to test bearings 130 of different sizes in the prior art.

[0113] In some embodiments, optionally, such as Figure 3 As shown, the lubrication device 140 includes a passive cylinder 141, an oil outlet pipe 142, an active cylinder 143, and a control assembly 144. Specifically, as... Figure 9 As shown, the passive cylinder block includes a first cylinder block 1411 and a first piston 1413. The first cylinder block 1411 is disposed on the frame 110. The first piston 1413 passes through the first cylinder block 1411 and is movable relative to the first cylinder block 1411. Further, as... Figure 3As shown, the first cylinder 1411 is provided with an oil inlet 1412, which communicates with the interior of the first cylinder 1411. By providing the oil inlet 1412, the experimenter can add lubricant to the interior of the first cylinder 1411 through the oil inlet 1412. During the observation of the test bearing 130, the first piston 1413 can push out the lubricant from the first cylinder 1411. Optionally, the first cylinder 1411 is a transparent cylinder. On the one hand, this facilitates observation of the lubricant inside the first cylinder 1411; on the other hand, it allows light to pass through the first cylinder 1411, enabling the sensor 1444 to detect changes in the light source of the grating ruler 1441.

[0114] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 and Figure 9 As shown, one end of the oil outlet pipe 142 is connected to and communicates with the interior of the first cylinder 1411. The other end of the oil outlet pipe 142 is the oil outlet 1421. Furthermore, the oil outlet pipe 142 is provided with an air inlet 1422. Two different lubrication methods can be achieved by whether or not air is blown into the air inlet 1422: oil mist lubrication is achieved when air is introduced, and oil injection lubrication is achieved when no air is introduced.

[0115] Optionally, such as Figure 3 As shown, the lubrication device 140 also includes a pressure valve 145. The pressure valve 145 is located at the front end of the passive cylinder 141. One end of the oil outlet pipe 142 is connected to the first cylinder body 1411 via the pressure valve 145. By setting the pressure valve 145, a certain pressure threshold is maintained in the pipeline or connecting cavity to ensure that lubricant does not flow out or backflow when the active cylinder 143 is not working. Optionally, as... Figure 8 As shown, the oil outlet pipe 142 is provided with multiple fluid bundle-shaped pipes 1423 near the oil outlet 1421, so that the sprayed oil or oil-gas is more uniform and achieves a better lubrication effect.

[0116] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 As shown, the active hydraulic cylinder 143 includes a second cylinder body 1431 and a second piston rod 1432. The second cylinder body 1431 is mounted on the frame 110. The second piston rod 1432 passes through the second cylinder body 1431 and is movable relative to the second cylinder body 1431. The second piston rod 1432 is connected to the first piston 1413. The second piston rod 1432 is used to drive the first piston 1413 to move relative to the first cylinder body 1411.

[0117] Furthermore, such as Figure 3As shown, the control component 144 includes a grating ruler 1441, a sensor 1444, and a controller 1445. Specifically, the grating ruler 1441 is connected to the second cylinder 1431. Optionally, the grating ruler 1441 and the second cylinder 1431 are detachably connected by bolts or screws, etc., for easy assembly and disassembly by experimental personnel. Optionally, the grating ruler 1441 includes a reference ruler 1442 and a black reflective strip 1443. The reference ruler 1442 is connected to the second cylinder 1431, and the black reflective strip 1443 is disposed on the reference ruler 1442. Optionally, the reference ruler 1442 is provided with black reflective strips 1443 every 40μm.

[0118] Furthermore, sensor 1444 is connected to the second piston rod 1432. Sensor 1444 can move together with the second piston rod 1432. During the movement of the second piston rod 1432 relative to the second cylinder 1431, sensor 1444 can sense changes in the light source of the grating ruler 1441 and generate a light source signal, which sensor 1444 can convert into a pulse signal. Furthermore, controller 1445 is electrically connected to sensor 1444. Controller 1445 can receive the pulse signal from sensor 1444. Controller 1445 controls the relative movement distance between the second piston rod 1432 and the second cylinder 1431 according to the pulse signal.

[0119] By sending pulse signals to the controller 1445, the movement distance of the second piston rod 1432 is precisely controlled, which in turn controls the oil volume. Changing the thrust changes the time required to push the same volume, thus changing the flow rate. The entire process achieves closed-loop servo control.

[0120] In the technical solution defined by the present invention, the lubrication device 140 has a simple overall structure, and the oil output can be accurately controlled by the control component 144 (grating ruler 1441, sensor 1444 and controller 1445), which solves the problem that the existing technology has a complex structure and cannot accurately control the oil output and oil speed.

[0121] In some embodiments, optionally, such as Figure 7As shown, the laser vibration measuring device 170 includes a first robotic arm 171 and a laser vibration measuring head 172. Specifically, one end of the first robotic arm 171 is connected to the frame 110. The laser vibration measuring head 172 is rotatably connected to the other end of the first robotic arm 171. The laser vibration measuring head 172 is used to measure the vibration of the test bearing 130. It is worth noting that, because the laser vibration measuring head 172 is rotatably connected to the first robotic arm 171, the laser vibration measuring head 172 can swing up, down, left, and right. In addition, the laser vibration measuring head 172 can move relative to the frame 110 via the first robotic arm 171. By setting the first robotic arm 171, it is beneficial to increase the extension range of the laser vibration measuring head 172, so that the laser vibration measuring head 172 can measure the vibration of the test bearing 130 at different positions. Optionally, the number of first robotic arms 171 is at least one, that is, there can be one, two or more first robotic arms 171. Taking into account the extension range of the laser vibratory head 172, the stability during movement, the space occupied, cost and other factors, the first robotic arms 171 can be flexibly set according to actual needs. Optionally, the active component of the first robotic arm 171 is a telescopic rod and is driven by a hydraulic component.

[0122] In some embodiments, optionally, such as Figure 2 As shown, the oil film observation device 190 includes an adjustment mechanism 191 and an observation head 192. The adjustment mechanism 191 includes a movable seat 1911 and a second robotic arm 1912. Specifically, the movable seat 1911 is movably mounted on the frame 110 and can move relative to the frame 110. Optionally, the movable seat 1911 is slidably connected to the upright plate 112 of the frame 110. Optionally, the upright plate 112 is provided with a limiting groove 1121. Optionally, the limiting groove 1121 is a strip-shaped groove. Optionally, the adjustment structure also includes a second limiting member 1913. The second limiting member 1913 passes through the movable seat 1911 and the limiting groove 1121 to fix the movable seat 1911 relative to the upright plate 112. Optionally, the second limiting member 1913 is a limiting pin, bolt, or screw. After the experimenter adjusts the oil film observation device 190 to a suitable position, it is limited by the second limiting member 1913.

[0123] Furthermore, such as Figure 2As shown, one end of the second robotic arm 1912 is connected to the movable base 1911. The observation head 192 is rotatably connected to the other end of the second robotic arm 1912. The observation head 192 is used to observe the lubricating oil film or oil film image formed by the test bearing 130. It is worth noting that, because the observation head 192 is rotatably connected to the second robotic arm 1912, the observation head 192 can swing up, down, left, and right. In addition, the observation head 192 can move relative to the frame 110 via the second robotic arm 1912. By setting up the second robotic arm 1912, it is beneficial to increase the extension range of the observation head 192 and change the observation position and angle of the observation head 192, so that the observation head 192 can observe the oil film image from various angles and positions.

[0124] In some embodiments, the bearing outer ring 132 may optionally be made of sapphire. By setting the bearing outer ring 132 to sapphire, firstly, it ensures that the bearing outer ring 132 is transparent, facilitating the observation of the lubricating oil film formed between the bearing outer ring 132 and the rolling element 133 by experimental personnel; secondly, the bearing outer ring 132 has sufficient structural strength and good resistance to oil corrosion and temperature rise.

[0125] According to an embodiment of the experimental apparatus for rolling bearing lubrication and testing of the present invention, multiple devices are integrated on a frame or mandrel, thereby enabling the experimental apparatus for rolling bearing lubrication and testing to possess multiple functions, such as the function of spraying lubricant onto the test bearing, the function of applying radial loading to the test bearing, the function of applying axial loading to the test bearing, the function of measuring vibration of the test bearing, the function of measuring temperature of the test bearing, and the function of observing changes in the lubricating oil film. This design approach is beneficial for improving the integration of the apparatus and the space utilization rate.

[0126] In this invention, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance; the term "multiple" refers to two or more unless otherwise explicitly defined. The terms "install," "connect," "link," and "fix" should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connect" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; "link" can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0127] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," "rear," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or unit referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0128] In the description of this specification, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "specific embodiment," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0129] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An experimental apparatus for lubrication and testing of rolling bearings, characterized in that, include: Frame (110); The spindle (120) is rotatably mounted on the frame (110). Test bearing (130), including: The bearing inner ring (131) is sleeved on the mandrel (120), and the bearing inner ring (131) and the mandrel (120) are fixed relative to each other in the circumferential direction; The outer ring (132) of the bearing is fitted onto the inner ring (131) of the bearing. A rolling element (133) is disposed between the inner ring (131) and the outer ring (132) of the bearing, and the outer ring (132) of the bearing rotates relative to the inner ring (131) of the bearing through the rolling element (133); A lubrication device (140) is provided on the frame (110) or the spindle (120). The lubrication device (140) is used to spray lubricant onto the rolling element (133) so that a lubricating oil film is formed between the outer ring (132) of the bearing and the rolling element (133) and between the inner ring (131) of the bearing and the rolling element (133). A radial loading device (150) is provided on the frame (110) for applying a radial load to the outer ring (132) of the bearing; and / or the radial loading device (150) is provided on the mandrel (120) for applying a radial load to the inner ring (131) of the bearing. An axial loading device (160) is provided on the frame (110) or the spindle (120), the axial loading device (160) being used to apply an axial load to the bearing inner ring (131) and / or the bearing outer ring (132); A laser vibration measuring device (170) is provided on the frame (110) or the mandrel (120), and the laser vibration measuring device (170) is used to measure the vibration of the test bearing (130); An infrared temperature measuring device (180) is provided on the frame (110) or the spindle (120), and the infrared temperature measuring device (180) is used to measure the temperature of the test bearing (130); An oil film observation device (190) is provided on the frame (110) or the spindle (120), and the oil film observation device (190) is used to observe the changes in the lubricating oil film; The radial loading device (150) includes: A ring-shaped bracket (151) is provided on the frame (110); the ring-shaped bracket (151) is provided with a notch (1511). An angle adjustment component (152) is movably disposed on the annular bracket (151). A radial loading electric cylinder (153) is provided on the angle adjustment assembly (152), the radial loading electric cylinder (153) is used to apply a radial load to the outer ring (132) of the bearing; The lubrication device (140) includes: A passive hydraulic cylinder (141) includes a first cylinder body (1411) and a first piston (1413). The first cylinder body (1411) is disposed on the frame (110), and the first piston (1413) passes through the first cylinder body (1411). The first cylinder body (1411) is provided with an oil inlet (1412), which communicates with the interior of the first cylinder body (1411). The first cylinder body (1411) is a transparent cylinder body. An oil outlet pipe (142) is provided. One end of the oil outlet pipe (142) is connected to the first cylinder body (1411) and communicates with the interior of the first cylinder body (1411). The other end of the oil outlet pipe (142) is an oil outlet (1421). An air inlet (1422) is provided on the oil outlet pipe (142). An active hydraulic cylinder (143) includes a second cylinder body (1431) and a second piston rod (1432). The second cylinder body (1431) is disposed on the frame (110). The second piston rod (1432) passes through the second cylinder body (1431) and is connected to the first piston (1413). The second piston rod (1432) is used to drive the first piston (1413) to move relative to the first cylinder body (1411). Control component (144), including: The grating ruler (1441) is connected to the second cylinder (1431); The sensor (1444) is connected to the second piston rod (1432). During the movement of the second piston rod (1432) relative to the second cylinder (1431), the sensor (1444) can sense the change in the light source of the grating ruler (1441) and generate a light source signal. The sensor (1444) can convert the light source signal into a pulse signal. A controller (1445) is electrically connected to the sensor (1444), the controller (1445) is capable of receiving the pulse signal from the sensor (1444), and the controller (1445) controls the relative movement distance between the second piston rod (1432) and the second cylinder (1431) according to the pulse signal.

2. The experimental apparatus for lubrication and testing of rolling bearings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The annular bracket (151) has a toothed ring (1512) on its inner side, and a guide groove (1513) on its annular bracket (151). The angle adjustment assembly (152) includes: A motion bracket (1521) is movably mounted on the annular bracket (151). The motion bracket (1521) has a protrusion (1522) located in the guide groove (1513). The motion bracket (1521) is connected to the radial loading electric cylinder (153). A gear (1524) is rotatably mounted on the motion support (1521), and the gear (1524) meshes with the gear ring (1512); A first driving member (1525) is disposed on the motion bracket (1521), and the first driving member (1525) is used to drive the gear (1524) to rotate.

3. The experimental apparatus for lubrication and testing of rolling bearings according to claim 2, characterized in that, The annular bracket (151) is provided with a plurality of equally spaced first limiting holes (1514), the motion bracket (1521) is provided with second limiting holes (1523), and the angle adjustment assembly (152) further includes: The first limiting member (1526) passes through the second limiting hole (1523) and one of the first limiting holes (1514).

4. The experimental apparatus for lubrication and testing of rolling bearings according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The axial loading device (160) includes: A sleeve (161) is fitted onto the mandrel (120). The sleeve (161) is axially movable relative to the mandrel (120), and the mandrel (120) is circumferentially rotatable relative to the sleeve (161). At least three push plates (162) are movably disposed on the sleeve (161), the push plates (162) being able to move away from or close to the sleeve (161) in the radial direction, the push plates (162) being used to abut against the sidewall of the outer ring (132) and / or the sidewall of the inner ring (131) of the bearing.

5. The experimental apparatus for lubrication and testing of rolling bearings according to claim 4, characterized in that, The axial loading device (160) further includes: The support base (164) is connected to the sleeve (161), and the support base (164) is slidably connected to the frame (110); An axial loading electric cylinder (165) is provided on the frame (110) and is used to drive the support base (164) to move relative to the frame (110).

6. The experimental apparatus for lubrication and testing of rolling bearings according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The laser vibration measuring device (170) includes: A first robotic arm (171) is connected at one end to the frame (110); The laser vibration measuring head (172) is rotatably connected to the other end of the first robotic arm (171).

7. The experimental apparatus for lubrication and testing of rolling bearings according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The oil film observation device (190) includes: The regulating mechanism (191) includes: A movable seat (1911) is movably disposed on the frame (110). A second robotic arm (1912) is connected at one end to the movable base (1911); The observation head (192) is rotatably connected to the other end of the second robotic arm (1912).

8. The experimental apparatus for lubrication and testing of rolling bearings according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The outer ring (132) of the bearing is made of sapphire.

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