A longitudinal lifting fixture for entering the cabin and a test method for load-bearing lifting.

Abstract

This invention discloses a longitudinal lifting fixture for entering a cabin and a load-bearing test method, comprising an upper crossbeam, a lower crossbeam, and a column. The upper crossbeam has a pair of first lifting lugs and a pair of second lifting lugs on its upper side. The pair of first lifting lugs are respectively installed at both ends of the length of the upper crossbeam, and the second lifting lugs are located in the middle of the pair of first lifting lugs. The two second lifting lugs of the pair of second lifting lugs are spaced apart along the length of the upper crossbeam. The lower crossbeam has multiple pairs of third lifting lugs evenly spaced along the length of the lower crossbeam. Each pair of third lifting lugs is symmetrically arranged on two vertical long sides of the lower crossbeam. The third lifting lugs are used to lift components. The lower crossbeam has a component center of gravity point. All third lifting lugs are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the component center of gravity point. The upper and lower ends of the column are fixedly connected to the upper and lower crossbeams, respectively, and the column is located at the length end of the upper crossbeam and the length end of the lower crossbeam. The lower crossbeam is located directly below the upper crossbeam.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ship hoisting technology, and in particular to a longitudinal cabin entry hoisting fixture and a load-bearing trial hoisting test method. Background Technology

[0002] Ship lifting operations are of indispensable importance to the shipbuilding industry. Typically, ships are manufactured using a sectional process, making sectional lifting a crucial step in shipbuilding and repair.

[0003] As shipbuilding cycles become increasingly shorter, the dimensions and weight of ship sections also increase. Due to the large loads and diverse stress conditions experienced by these sections, high requirements are placed on their safety and stability. In actual production, the longitudinal hoisting of components such as platforms and internal liquid tanks within the sections presents significant challenges and urgently needs improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a longitudinal lifting fixture for entering the cabin and a load-bearing trial lifting method, which solves the technical problem that the longitudinal lifting operation of internal components in ship sections has an adverse effect on the safety and stability of the sections.

[0005] This application provides a longitudinal lifting fixture for entering a cabin, including an upper crossbeam, a lower crossbeam, and a column. The upper crossbeam has a pair of first lifting lugs and a pair of second lifting lugs on its upper side. The pair of first lifting lugs are respectively installed at both ends of the length of the upper crossbeam, and the second lifting lugs are located in the middle of the pair of first lifting lugs. The two second lifting lugs of the pair of second lifting lugs are spaced apart along the length of the upper crossbeam. The lower crossbeam has multiple pairs of third lifting lugs evenly spaced along the length of the lower crossbeam. Each pair of third lifting lugs is symmetrically arranged on two vertical long sides of the lower crossbeam. The third lifting lugs are used to lift components. The lower crossbeam has a center of gravity point of the component. All third lifting lugs are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the center of gravity point of the component. The upper and lower ends of the column are fixedly connected to the upper and lower crossbeams, respectively. The column is located at the length end of the upper crossbeam and the length end of the lower crossbeam. The lower crossbeam is located directly below the upper crossbeam.

[0006] In some implementations, the first lifting lug is used for lifting with two cranes using double hooks, and the second lifting lug is used for lifting with one crane using a single hook. Only one of the first and second lifting lugs is used, and the other is not used. The corresponding first or second lifting lug is fitted with a steel cable.

[0007] In some embodiments, when used to lift components for longitudinal entry into the cabin, the first and second lifting lugs are located in the vertical plane where the segment's center of gravity is located.

[0008] In some implementations, the length of the upper crossbeam is greater than the length of the lower crossbeam.

[0009] In some embodiments, the upper crossbeam includes two first panels along the length direction and two first webs along the length direction. The first panels are arranged horizontally, with the two first panels located on the upper and lower sides. The first webs are arranged vertically, with the two first webs located on the left and right sides. The first panels and the first webs are fixedly connected. The upper crossbeam includes a plurality of first partitions, which are arranged along the height direction. The upper and lower sides of the first partitions are fixedly connected to the first panels, and the left and right sides of the first partitions are fixedly connected to the first webs. The first lifting lug and the second lifting lug are both installed on the upper first panel.

[0010] In some embodiments, the lower crossbeam includes two second panels along the length direction and two second webs along the length direction. The second panels are arranged horizontally and located on the upper and lower sides. The second webs are arranged vertically and located on the left and right sides. The second panels are fixedly connected to the second webs. The lower crossbeam includes a plurality of second partitions. The second partitions are arranged along the height direction. The upper and lower sides of the second partitions are fixedly connected to the second panels, and the left and right sides of the second partitions are fixedly connected to the second webs. A third lifting lug is installed on the outside of the two second webs.

[0011] In some embodiments, the lower crossbeam includes a first portion relatively far from the column and other portions relatively close to the column, wherein the height of the second web decreases along the direction away from the column in the first portion, and the second panel located on the lower side is inclined.

[0012] In some embodiments, the column includes two third panels along the length direction and two third webs along the length direction. The third panels and third webs are both arranged vertically, and the third webs are connected between the two third panels. The two third webs are arranged in parallel. The column also includes a plurality of third partitions along the width direction. The third partitions are arranged horizontally, and the periphery of the third partitions is fixedly connected to the third panels and the third webs respectively.

[0013] In some implementations, the connection between the column and the upper beam, as well as the connection between the column and the lower beam, is reinforced by elbow plates and stiffening plates.

[0014] A load-bearing test method is used to conduct a load-bearing test on the above-mentioned longitudinal entry and lifting fixture. The workpiece with a preset weight is lifted and held for a certain period of time before being lowered. The welds and structural deformation of the fixture are checked, and the spacing between the upper and lower crossbeams and the end deformation are checked to see if they are not greater than 100mm.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows: It provides a longitudinal lifting fixture for entering the cabin, including an upper crossbeam, a lower crossbeam, and a vertical column connecting the upper and lower crossbeams. The fixture allows for lifting using a single overhead crane with a single hook via a pair of second lifting lugs on the upper crossbeam, or using two overhead cranes with double hooks via a pair of first lifting lugs on the upper crossbeam. The application provides a detailed analysis of the lifting ring position, lifting ring strength, lifting ring structure, and segment weight center of gravity calculation during the lifting process. Starting from the component's center of gravity, third lifting lugs are radially distributed on both sides of the component's center of gravity, with the spacing between adjacent third lifting lugs on the same side being equal. This limits the position of the lifting lugs on the upper crossbeam during longitudinal cabin entry operations. The lifting structure is positioned within the plane of the segment's center of gravity and maintains symmetry with it, ensuring a balanced load distribution and a smooth, uniform lifting operation. This structure offers stable operation during lifting, effectively distributing the load and enhancing safety during construction. It mitigates safety hazards caused by segment deformation or damage. The fixture boasts advantages such as structural stability, ease of lifting, convenient installation and disassembly, reusability, and environmental friendliness. Capable of withstanding heavy loads, it is suitable for longitudinal lifting operations of components within increasingly larger and heavier segments, contributing to the safety and stability of segment operations and demonstrating outstanding effectiveness in ship segment lifting. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 1 A front view of a longitudinal cabin entry lifting fixture provided in this application;

[0018] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Cross-sectional view of AA in the middle;

[0019] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Cross-sectional view of BB in the middle;

[0020] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Cross-sectional view of CC in the middle;

[0021] Figure 5 for Figure 1 Cross-sectional view of DD.

[0022] Attached diagram labels: 100-Upper crossbeam, 110-First lifting lug, 120-Second lifting lug, 131-First panel, 132-First web, 133-First partition, 200-Lower crossbeam, 210-Third lifting lug, 220-Center of gravity of component, 231-Second panel, 232-Second web, 233-Second partition, 240-First section, 300-Column, 311-Third panel, 312-Third web, 313-Third partition, 410-Elbow plate, 420-Reinforcing plate. Detailed Implementation

[0023] Ship hoisting is a crucial process in shipbuilding. A scientifically designed hoisting scheme enhances the ship's quality and safety, while also shortening the construction period to some extent. Therefore, hoisting operations are indispensable to the shipbuilding industry, and their quality significantly impacts the ship's construction outcome and quality, ultimately affecting the shipbuilding company's economic performance.

[0024] Ships are typically manufactured using a sectional process. To reduce the hull manufacturing cycle, the dimensions and weight of the sections are increased accordingly, making section lifting a crucial step in shipbuilding and repair. However, to improve the safety of sections, facilities, equipment, and the construction process, a detailed analysis is conducted on the position, strength, structure, and center of gravity of the lifting rings during section lifting. This effectively prevents accidents caused by section deformation or damage that could threaten the lives of construction workers.

[0025] The longitudinal lifting and transport of components such as platforms and internal liquid tanks within sections is a challenging operation due to the large loads and diverse stress conditions experienced by each section, thus requiring high levels of safety and stability. To address these requirements, the inventors designed a lifting fixture that is structurally stable, easy to lift, convenient to install and disassemble, reusable, environmentally friendly, and capable of withstanding large loads, based on the requirements for longitudinal component transport, as well as technological requirements and external conditions.

[0026] For details, please refer to Figure 1 This embodiment provides a longitudinal cabin entry lifting fixture, including an upper crossbeam 100, a lower crossbeam 200, and a column 300. The upper end of the column 300 is fixedly connected to the upper crossbeam 100, and the upper end of the column 300 is connected to the bottom side of the upper crossbeam 100. The lower end of the column 300 is fixedly connected to the lower crossbeam 200, and the lower end of the column 300 is connected to the top side of the lower crossbeam 200.

[0027] Figure 1The diagram illustrates the length directions of the upper crossbeam 100 and the lower crossbeam 200. The column 300 is defined by its length end near the upper crossbeam 100 and its length end near the lower crossbeam 200, with the lower crossbeam 200 located directly below the upper crossbeam 100 (directly below refers to the area vertically below). This can be understood as the majority of the upper and lower crossbeams 200 being located on the same side of the column 300, with the upper and lower crossbeams 200 having opposite sides along their length, and the column 300 positioned on the same side of the upper and lower crossbeams 200 along their length.

[0028] For the longitudinal cabin entry lifting fixture, please refer to... Figure 1 The upper side of the upper crossbeam 100 is provided with a pair of first lifting lugs 110 and a pair of second lifting lugs 120. The pair of first lifting lugs 110 are respectively installed at both ends of the length of the upper crossbeam 100, and the second lifting lugs 120 are located in the middle of the pair of first lifting lugs 110. Moreover, the two second lifting lugs 120 are spaced apart along the length of the upper crossbeam 100.

[0029] When the overhead crane lifts the upper crossbeam 100, the steel cable is looped around the corresponding lifting lug. Generally, a single hook of the overhead crane is used to lift the beam using the pair of second lifting lugs 120. The cable routing of the second lifting lug 120 is as follows: Figure 1 As indicated by the arrow at the second lifting lug 120. When lifting components for longitudinal entry into the cabin, the position of the second lifting lug 120 of the upper crossbeam 100 is within the vertical plane where the segment's center of gravity is located. At the same time, the pair of second lifting lugs 120 maintains central symmetry about the segment's center of gravity, so that the load they bear is balanced, ensuring that the lifting work of the segment is completed at a uniform speed and smoothly.

[0030] When the center of gravity of a section is difficult to control, the upper crossbeam 100 is used to lift the first lifting lug 110 using a double-hook lifting method with two overhead cranes. The cable routing of the first lifting lug 110 is as follows: Figure 1 As indicated by the arrow at the first lifting lug 110, when the lifting component is being lifted for longitudinal entry into the cabin, the position of the first lifting lug 110 of the upper crossbeam 100 is within the vertical plane where the center of gravity of the segment is located.

[0031] For the longitudinal cabin entry lifting fixture, please refer to the following: Figure 1 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 Multiple pairs of third lifting lugs 210 are provided on the lower crossbeam 200. The multiple pairs of third lifting lugs 210 are evenly spaced along the length of the lower crossbeam 200, specifically in an equidistant distribution.

[0032] The lower crossbeam 200 has a length direction and can be drawn from... Figure 1 It is obvious that, combined Figure 4It can be seen that the lower crossbeam 200 has four long sides: upper, lower, left, and right. The left and right long sides are vertical, and the third lifting lug 210 is located on one of these vertical long sides. (Refer to...) Figure 4 or Figure 5 Regarding each pair of third lugs 210, the two third lugs 210 are symmetrically arranged on the two vertical long sides of the lower crossbeam 200.

[0033] During actual operation, the component is lifted using the third lifting lug 210. Figure 1 The image shows the center of gravity point 220 of the lower crossbeam 200, and the third lifting lugs 210 are radially distributed and installed on both sides of the center of gravity point 220. Overall, all the third lifting lugs 210 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the center of gravity point 220.

[0034] Therefore, when the component is lifted horizontally, the third lifting lugs 210 are installed radially from the component's center of gravity, with the third lifting lugs 210 on the same long side being equidistant. When the component is lifted vertically, there is no bend between the third lifting lugs 210 and the connected slings; in other words, the direction of the lifting lugs should be consistent with the direction of the sling's line of action to prevent the generation of special torques during segmented rotation, which could cause unfavorable segmented tilting.

[0035] In summary, this tooling achieves smooth lifting of components. It utilizes either a single overhead crane with a single hook lifting method via the pair of second lifting lugs 120 on the upper crossbeam 100, or a double-hook lifting method via the pair of first lifting lugs 110 on the upper crossbeam 100. A detailed analysis is conducted on the position, strength, structure, and segment weight center of gravity calculations of the lifting rings during the lifting process. Starting from the component's center of gravity, the third lifting lugs 210 on the lower crossbeam 200 are radially distributed on both sides of the component's center of gravity position 220. The spacing between adjacent third lifting lugs 210 on the same side is guaranteed to be equal. This ensures that when lifting components for longitudinal loading into the compartment, the lifting lugs on the upper crossbeam 100 are positioned within the segment's center of gravity plane and maintain symmetry with the segment's center of gravity, thus balancing the load and ensuring a uniform and smooth lifting operation of the segments.

[0036] This lifting structure maintains a relatively stable working state during the lifting process, effectively distributing the lifting load and improving safety during construction. It also effectively mitigates safety hazards caused by segment deformation or damage.

[0037] This tooling has the advantages of stable structure, convenient lifting, easy installation and disassembly, reusability and environmental friendliness. It can withstand large loads and is suitable for longitudinal lifting operations of structural components in sections with increasingly larger sizes and weights. It is beneficial to the safety and stability of section operations and has outstanding effects on the lifting of ship sections.

[0038] In some implementation scenarios, when the lifting lugs deviate from the center plane of the component due to various factors, four hand-operated hoists can be provided, such as hand-operated hoists with a load capacity of 3t and a length of 3m. The four hand-operated hoists are respectively connected to the four third lifting lugs 210 at the four corners of the lower crossbeam 200, so as to adjust the balance of the component in sequence and achieve the matching installation, effectively preventing the component from tilting and reducing the risk of the component overturning.

[0039] In some implementation methods, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 3 At the connection points between the column 300 and the upper crossbeam 100, and between the column 300 and the lower crossbeam 200, the connections are reinforced using elbow plates 410 and stiffening plates 420, thus strengthening the tooling structure. Furthermore, if temporary reinforcement needs to be removed, disassembly is convenient and has minimal impact on the overall tooling structure.

[0040] In some implementation methods, please refer to Figure 1 The upper crossbeam 100 is relatively longer than the lower crossbeam 200, with the upper crossbeam 100 being longer than the lower crossbeam 200. The relatively longer upper crossbeam 100 facilitates lifting. The relatively shorter lower crossbeam 200 prevents excessive deformation, concentrating deformation around the component's center of gravity point 220.

[0041] In some implementation methods, please refer to the reference. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The upper crossbeam 100 includes a first panel 131, a first web 132, and a first partition 133.

[0042] Specifically, the upper crossbeam 100 includes two first panels 131 along its length and two first webs 132 along its length. The first panels 131 are arranged horizontally, with the two first panels 131 located on the upper and lower sides. The first webs 132 are arranged vertically, with the two first webs 132 located on the left and right sides. The first panels 131 and the first webs 132 are fixedly connected. The upper crossbeam 100 includes multiple first partitions 133, which are arranged along the height direction. The upper and lower sides of the first partitions 133 are fixedly connected to the first panels 131, and the left and right sides of the first partitions 133 are fixedly connected to the first webs 132. At this time, the first lifting lug 110 and the second lifting lug 120 are both installed on the upper first panel 131. This structural method facilitates the manufacture of this tooling and provides good structural stability.

[0043] In some implementation methods, please refer to the reference. Figure 1 and Figure 4 The lower crossbeam 200 includes a second panel 231, a second web 232, and a second partition 233.

[0044] Specifically, the lower crossbeam 200 includes two second panels 231 along its length and two second webs 232 along its length. The second panels 231 are arranged horizontally, located on the upper and lower sides. The second webs 232 are arranged vertically, located on the left and right sides. The second panels 231 and second webs 232 are fixedly connected. The lower crossbeam 200 includes multiple second partitions 233, which are arranged along the height direction. The upper and lower sides of the second partitions 233 are fixedly connected to the second panels 231, and the left and right sides of the second partitions 233 are fixedly connected to the second webs 232. At this time, the third lifting lug 210 is installed outside the two second webs 232. This structural method facilitates the manufacture of this tooling and provides good structural stability.

[0045] In some implementation methods, please refer to the reference. Figure 1 and Figure 3 The column 300 includes a third panel 311, a third web 312, and a third partition 313.

[0046] Specifically, the column 300 includes two third panels 311 along its length and two third webs 312 along its length. Both the third panels 311 and the third webs 312 are arranged vertically, and each third web 312 is connected between the two third panels 311. The two third webs 312 are arranged in parallel. The column 300 also includes multiple third partitions 313 along its width. The third partitions 313 are arranged horizontally and are fixedly connected to the third panels 311 and the third webs 312 at their peripheries. This structural design facilitates the manufacture of this tooling and provides good structural stability.

[0047] In the embodiment where the lower crossbeam 200 includes a second panel 231, a second web 232, and a second partition 233, along the length of the lower crossbeam 200, the lower crossbeam 200 includes a first portion 240 relatively far from the column 300 and other portions relatively close to the column 300. The first portion 240 is as follows: Figure 1 The diagram is shown below. Considering the actual load on beam 200, please refer to the reference section. Figure 1 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 Especially in comparison with reference Figure 4 and Figure 5 Within the first part 240, along the direction away from the column 300, the height of the second web 232 decreases, and the corresponding second panel 231 located on the lower side is inclined, with the lower end of the lower second panel 231 relatively close to the column 300 and the higher end relatively far from the column 300.

[0048] This embodiment also provides a load-bearing test lifting method. After the longitudinal lifting fixture described above is manufactured, a load-bearing test lifting experiment is conducted. Specifically, this includes lifting a workpiece with a preset tonnage, holding it for a certain period of time, and then lowering it to check whether the corresponding deformation meets the standard.

[0049] For example, the allowable load of a single third lifting lug 210 on the lower crossbeam 200 is limited to 3t, and the entire tooling set is limited to a load of 10t. After completion, a trial lifting test with a load capacity of 12t is conducted. During the trial lifting, the lifting point is located in the outer area of ​​the lower crossbeam 200. The 12t workpiece is lifted and held for 10 minutes before being lowered. The main checks are on the welds of the lifting beam and structural deformation, ensuring that the spacing between the upper and lower crossbeams 200 and the end deformation are not greater than 100mm. Furthermore, appropriate safety technical briefings should be conducted before the trial lifting. Throughout the entire trial lifting process, safety warnings and protective measures must be in place, and on-site personnel must comply with relevant safety operating procedures.

[0050] Although preferred embodiments of the invention have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including both the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the invention.

[0051] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A longitudinally mounted cabin lifting fixture, characterized in that, include: The upper crossbeam has a pair of first lifting lugs and a pair of second lifting lugs on its upper side. The pair of first lifting lugs are respectively installed at both ends of the length of the upper crossbeam, and the second lifting lugs are located in the middle of the pair of first lifting lugs. The two second lifting lugs belonging to the pair of second lifting lugs are spaced apart along the length of the upper crossbeam. The lower crossbeam is provided with multiple pairs of third lifting lugs evenly spaced along the length of the lower crossbeam. Each pair of third lifting lugs is symmetrically arranged on two vertical long sides of the lower crossbeam. The third lifting lugs are used to lift the component. The lower crossbeam has a component center of gravity point. All the third lifting lugs are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the component center of gravity point. The column is fixedly connected to the upper crossbeam and the lower crossbeam at its upper and lower ends, respectively. The column is located at one end near the upper crossbeam and one end near the lower crossbeam in the length direction. The lower crossbeam is located directly below the upper crossbeam. The length of the upper crossbeam is greater than the length of the lower crossbeam; The upper crossbeam includes two first panels along the length direction and two first webs along the length direction. The first panels are arranged horizontally, and the two first panels are located on the upper and lower sides. The first webs are arranged vertically, and the two first webs are located on the left and right sides. The first panels are fixedly connected to the first webs. The upper crossbeam includes a plurality of first partitions, the first partitions are arranged along the height direction, the upper and lower sides of the first partitions are fixedly connected to the first panel, and the left and right sides of the first partitions are fixedly connected to the first web. Both the first lifting lug and the second lifting lug are mounted on the first panel located on the upper side; The lower crossbeam includes two second panels along the length direction and two second webs along the length direction. The second panels are arranged horizontally, with the two second panels located on the upper and lower sides. The second webs are arranged vertically, with the two second webs located on the left and right sides. The second panels are fixedly connected to the second webs. The lower crossbeam includes a plurality of second partitions, which are arranged along the height direction. The upper and lower sides of the second partitions are fixedly connected to the second panel, and the left and right sides of the second partitions are fixedly connected to the second web. The third lug is installed on the outside of the two second web plates.

2. The longitudinal cabin entry lifting fixture as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first lifting lug is used for lifting with two overhead cranes using double hooks, and the second lifting lug is used for lifting with one overhead crane using single hooks. Only one of the first lifting lug and the second lifting lug is used, and the other is not used. Correspondingly, the first lifting lug or the second lifting lug is covered with a steel cable.

3. The longitudinal cabin entry lifting fixture as described in claim 2, characterized in that, When the lifting components are carried into the cabin longitudinally, the first lifting lug and the second lifting lug are located in the vertical plane where the center of gravity of the ship section is located.

4. The longitudinal cabin entry lifting fixture as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The lower crossbeam includes a first portion relatively far from the column and other portions relatively close to the column. In the first portion, the height of the second web decreases along the direction away from the column, and the second panel located on the lower side is inclined.

5. The longitudinal cabin entry lifting fixture as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The column includes two third panels along the length direction and two third webs along the length direction. The third panels and the third webs are both arranged vertically. The third webs are connected between the two third panels and the two third webs are arranged in parallel. The column includes a plurality of third partitions along the width direction, the third partitions are arranged horizontally, and the periphery of the third partitions is fixedly connected to the third panel and the third web respectively.

6. The longitudinal cabin entry lifting fixture as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The connection between the column and the upper crossbeam, as well as the connection between the column and the lower crossbeam, are reinforced by elbow plates and stiffening plates.

7. A method for load-bearing test lifting, characterized in that, For conducting load-bearing test lifting of the longitudinal entry lifting fixture according to any one of claims 1-6, the workpiece of a preset tonnage is lifted and held for a certain period of time and then lowered. The welds and structural deformation of the fixture are checked, and the spacing between the upper and lower crossbeams and the amount of end deformation are checked to see if they are not greater than 100mm.

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