Method for evaluating the effect of the approach height on the flat distance for time-of-flight parameters

Abstract

The application discloses a method for evaluating the influence of the approach height of a timing flight parameter on the flat distance, and the method comprises data collection, data screening, data analysis and model establishment. In view of the scene of the landing stage of an airplane, flight data of the airplane at each stage is collected through QAR, abnormal data of the approach height and the distance to the runway head in the last approach stage are eliminated, the approach height and the flat distance of the airplane are obtained, a scatter diagram of the approach height and the flat distance is drawn, the influence of the approach height on the flat distance is analyzed, a relationship model of the approach height and the flat distance is constructed, the approach height threshold is calculated according to the lengths of different grades of runways, and a warning is given when the approach height exceeds the threshold.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of flight safety prevention and monitoring, specifically involving an assessment method for the impact of runway approach altitude on level drift distance based on time-series flight parameters. Background Technology

[0002] In today's advanced aviation industry, monitoring and preventing flight safety remains a constant research focus. Runway overrun is a relatively common safety incident, and the distance of the approach glide distance is a measure of the risk of runway overrun. By analyzing the factors influencing the approach glide distance, we can identify the dangerous factors and warning thresholds for runway overrun. Analyzing the impact of approach altitude on the approach glide distance allows us to assess the relationship between the two and derive the threshold for approach altitude. During training, we can emphasize the impact of approach altitude on runway overrun, strengthen pilots' attention to approach altitude parameters during landing, and promptly correct related flight operations to reduce the probability of accidents.

[0003] Given that runway approach altitude has a certain impact on level-off distance and is a parameter that can be monitored in real time, pilots can easily observe and use this parameter to achieve early warning purposes. The purpose of this invention is to provide an evaluation and analysis method based on the time-series flight parameter that runway approach altitude affects level-off distance. This method conducts an in-depth analysis of the relationship between runway approach altitude and level-off distance, derives the correlation, calculates the threshold, and emphasizes the risk of runway overrun during pilot training when the runway approach altitude is too high. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the technical problems existing in the background art, the present invention aims to provide a method for evaluating the influence of runway approach altitude of time-series flight parameters on level drift distance.

[0005] To solve the technical problem, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A method for evaluating the impact of runway approach altitude on level drift distance based on time-series flight parameters, the method comprising:

[0007] Step 1: Determine the validity of the extracted final approach phase data, remove invalid data, and ensure data availability;

[0008] Step 2: Construct a key feature recognition algorithm for flight data during the flight and landing phase, and calculate the runway approach altitude and drift distance during the final approach phase;

[0009] Step 3: Draw a scatter plot of runway approach height and drift distance to analyze the influence and relationship between runway approach height and drift distance;

[0010] Step 4: Calculate the threshold based on the relationship between runway approach height and drift distance and the runway length, and issue an early warning when the runway approach height exceeds the threshold.

[0011] Furthermore, prior to step S1, the method further includes:

[0012] Collect multiple sets of flight training QAR data, including flight parameter data from existing transport aircraft, general aviation aircraft, and simulators;

[0013] Multiple sets of QAR data are preprocessed first. Based on the flight data time series, flight training data are extracted to obtain the runway altitude data, runway nose distance data, and flight phase data of the final approach phase.

[0014] Furthermore, the working principle of typical airborne flight parameter recording equipment for general aviation aircraft in China is analyzed. By utilizing existing airborne avionics equipment and based on wireless transmission technology, flight parameter data of general aviation aircraft can be collected quickly and at low cost, achieving efficient organization of flight parameter data and obtaining multiple sets of flight training QAR data.

[0015] Furthermore, based on the multiple sets of QAR data, according to the compiled civil aviation flight data technical specifications, the collected QAR data is subjected to data filtering, format conversion, data shrinking, data expansion and merging calculations to obtain the runway altitude data, runway nose distance data and flight phase data of the final approach phase, that is, the final approach phase data extracted in step 1.

[0016] Furthermore, in step 1:

[0017] For the final approach phase data obtained, the validity of the parameters is judged based on the following criteria: the obtained parameter values ​​are continuous without sudden changes and there is no abnormal data, such as negative values ​​or data exceeding the normal range.

[0018] Furthermore, in step 2:

[0019] An algorithm for identifying key features of flight data during the final approach phase is constructed to calculate the runway approach altitude and glide distance during the final approach phase. The specific algorithm is as follows:

[0020] (1) Calculate the runway approach height, which is the height at which the distance to the runway nose is 0 during the final approach phase. The formula is as follows:

[0021]

[0022] In this formula, t represents time, and its value ranges from the landing phase time to FP. t The value of 9 represents the flight phase data recorded at time t, indicating that the current flight phase is the final approach phase. The value of DTT is 0, indicating that the distance between the aircraft and the runway threshold is 0 at time t. This formula records the aircraft's altitude recorded by QAR when the distance between the aircraft and the runway threshold is 0 during the landing phase.

[0023] (2) Calculate the float distance, which is the distance from the aircraft to the runway threshold when it touches down. The formula is as follows:

[0024] FP t =11,FP t-1 =9;

[0025]

[0026] In this formula, FP t The value is 11, representing that the aircraft has just landed at time t, FP t-1 A value of 9 indicates that at time t-1, the aircraft is in the final approach phase but has not yet touched down. At this time, the distance to the runway threshold (DTT) at time t is obtained by reading the QAR data. t This refers to the distance the aircraft drifts during approach.

[0027] Furthermore, in step 3:

[0028] A scatter plot of runway approach height and drift distance was drawn to analyze the influence and relationship between runway approach height and drift distance. Based on the scatter plot, it was found that the runway approach height and drift distance generally have a linear relationship, reflecting the influence of runway approach height on drift distance: the greater the runway approach height, the farther the drift distance.

[0029] Furthermore, in step 4:

[0030] According to the Civil Aviation Administration's "Technical Standards for Flight Areas of Civil Airports", runways are divided into multiple levels, with each level having a different runway length;

[0031] Thresholds are calculated for different runway levels. Based on the relationship between runway approach height and drift distance, as well as runway length, an early warning is given when the runway approach height exceeds the threshold.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0033] This invention includes data acquisition, data filtering, data analysis, and model building. For the aircraft landing phase scenario, QAR (Quick Airflow Analysis) is used to collect flight data at each stage. Abnormal data regarding runway approach altitude and distance to the runway threshold are removed during the final approach phase. The aircraft's runway approach altitude and glide distance are obtained, a scatter plot of runway approach altitude and glide distance is plotted, the impact of runway approach altitude on glide distance is analyzed, and a relationship model between runway approach altitude and glide distance is constructed. Runway approach altitude thresholds are calculated based on different runway length levels, and an early warning is issued when the runway approach altitude exceeds the threshold. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 The main flowchart of the method for evaluating the influence of runway approach altitude on level drift distance of the timing flight parameters of this invention;

[0035] Figure 2 A graph showing the relationship between runway approach height and drift distance. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The specific implementation of the present invention is described below with reference to embodiments:

[0037] It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. shown in this specification are only used to complement the content disclosed in the specification for those skilled in the art to understand and read, and are not intended to limit the conditions under which the present invention can be implemented. Any modifications to the structure, changes in the proportions, or adjustments to the size, without affecting the effects and objectives that the present invention can produce, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in the present invention.

[0038] Furthermore, the terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "middle," and "one" used in this specification are merely for clarity of description and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Any changes or adjustments to their relative relationships, without substantially altering the technical content, should also be considered within the scope of the invention.

[0039] Example 1:

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, a method for evaluating the impact of runway approach altitude on level drift distance based on time-series flight parameters includes the following steps:

[0041] Step 1: Collect flight training data, which includes flight parameter data from existing transport aircraft, general aviation aircraft, and simulators.

[0042] Step 2: Process and organize the large amount of QAR data. Based on the flight data time series, extract flight training data to obtain the aircraft's altitude and distance to the runway nose during the final approach phase.

[0043] Step 3: Determine the validity of the extracted final approach phase data, remove invalid data, and ensure data availability.

[0044] Step 4: Design an algorithm to identify key features of flight data during the flight and landing phases, and calculate the runway approach altitude and drift distance during the final approach phase.

[0045] Step 5: Draw a scatter plot of runway approach height and drift distance to analyze the influence and relationship between runway approach height and drift distance.

[0046] Step 6: Calculate the threshold based on the relationship between runway approach height and drift distance and the runway length, and issue an early warning when the runway approach height exceeds the threshold.

[0047] Furthermore, in step 1:

[0048] This paper analyzes the working principle of typical airborne flight parameter recording equipment for general aviation aircraft in China, and utilizes existing airborne avionics equipment and wireless transmission technology to collect general aviation aircraft flight parameter data quickly and at low cost, thereby achieving efficient organization of general aviation aircraft flight parameter data.

[0049] Furthermore, in step 2:

[0050] Based on the massive flight data collected in step 1, and in accordance with the established civil aviation flight data technical specifications, the collected flight parameter data undergoes necessary data filtering, format conversion, data shrinking, data expansion, and merging calculations to obtain runway altitude data, runway nose distance data, and flight phase data for the final approach phase. A flight data warehouse is then designed to achieve efficient organization and management of massive flight data, as shown in the table below:

[0051] parameter meaning mark _ALTITUDE high ALT _FLIGHT_PHASE Flight phase FP _DIST_TO_THR Distance to the runway end DTT

[0052] Furthermore, in step 3:

[0053] For the landing phase altitude data, flight phase data, and runway threshold distance data obtained in step 2, the validity of the parameters is determined based on the following criteria: the obtained parameter values ​​are continuous without abrupt changes and there is no abnormal data (such as negative values ​​or data exceeding the normal range).

[0054] Furthermore, in step 4:

[0055] Design an algorithm for identifying key features of flight data during the final approach phase of flight, and calculate the runway approach altitude and glide distance during the final approach phase. The specific algorithm is as follows:

[0056] (1) Calculate the runway approach height, which is the height at which the distance to the runway nose is 0 during the final approach phase. The formula is as follows:

[0057]

[0058] In this formula, t represents time, and its value ranges from the landing phase time to FP. t The value of 9 represents the flight phase data recorded at time t, indicating that the current flight phase is the final approach phase. The value of DTT is 0, indicating that the distance between the aircraft and the runway threshold is 0 at time t. This formula records the aircraft's altitude recorded by QAR when the distance between the aircraft and the runway threshold is 0 during the landing phase.

[0059] (2) Calculate the float distance, which is the distance from the aircraft to the runway threshold when it touches down. The formula is as follows:

[0060] FP t =11, FP t-1=9;

[0061]

[0062] In this formula, FP t The value is 11, representing that the aircraft has just landed at time t, FP t-1 A value of 9 indicates that at time t-1, the aircraft is in the final approach phase but has not yet touched down. At this time, the distance to the runway threshold (DTT) at time t is obtained by reading the QAR data. t This refers to the distance the aircraft floats during approach.

[0063] Furthermore, in step 5:

[0064] Plot a scatter plot of runway approach height versus drift distance to analyze the influence and relationship between runway approach height and drift distance, specifically as follows: Figure 2 As shown:

[0065] As can be seen from the figure, the approach height and the float distance are generally linearly related, reflecting the influence of the approach height on the float distance: roughly, the greater the approach height, the farther the float distance.

[0066] Furthermore, in step 6:

[0067] Currently, according to the Civil Aviation Administration of China's "Technical Standards for Civil Airport Flight Areas," runways are divided into four levels, and the length of runways for each level is shown below:

[0068] Runway rating Length (m) Level 1 ＜800 Level 2 800-1200 Level 3 1200-1800 Level 4 ＞1800

[0069] Thresholds are calculated for different runway levels. Based on the relationship between runway approach height and drift distance, as well as runway length, an early warning is given when the runway approach height exceeds the threshold.

[0070] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

[0071] Many other changes and modifications can be made without departing from the concept and scope of this invention. It should be understood that this invention is not limited to the specific embodiments, and the scope of this invention is defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating the impact of runway approach altitude on level drift distance based on time-series flight parameters, characterized in that, The method includes: Step 1: Determine the validity of the extracted final approach phase data, remove invalid data, and ensure data availability; Step 2: Construct a key feature recognition algorithm for flight data during the flight and landing phase, and calculate the runway approach altitude and drift distance during the final approach phase; Step 3: Draw a scatter plot of runway approach height and drift distance to analyze the influence and relationship between runway approach height and drift distance; Step 4: Calculate the threshold based on the relationship between runway approach height and drift distance and the runway length, and issue an early warning when the runway approach height exceeds the threshold; In step 1: For the final approach phase data obtained, the validity of the parameters is judged based on the following criteria: the obtained parameter values ​​are continuous without sudden changes and there is no abnormal data, such as negative values ​​or data exceeding the normal range. In step 2: An algorithm for identifying key features of flight data during the final approach phase is constructed to calculate the runway approach altitude and glide distance during the final approach phase. The specific algorithm is as follows: (1) Calculate the runway approach height, which is the height at which the distance to the runway nose is 0 during the final approach phase. The formula is as follows: ； In this formula, The value is the time interval, and its range is the time of the landing phase. For a moment The recorded flight phase data, with a value of 9, indicates that the current flight phase is the final approach phase. A value of 0 represents the time interval [0, 0]. The distance from the aircraft to the runway tip is 0. This formula records the aircraft's altitude from the ground as recorded by QAR during the landing phase when the distance between the aircraft and the runway tip is 0. (2) Calculate the float distance, which is the distance from the aircraft to the runway threshold when it touches down. The formula is as follows: ； ； In this formula, The value is 11, representing the time. The plane has just landed. The value is 9, representing the time. The aircraft is in the final approach phase but has not yet touched down; at this point, the time is determined by reading QAR data. distance to the runway front This refers to the distance the aircraft drifts during approach.

2. The method for evaluating the influence of runway approach altitude on level drift distance based on time-series flight parameters according to claim 1, characterized in that, Prior to step S1, the method further includes: Collect multiple sets of flight training QAR data, including flight parameter data from existing transport aircraft, general aviation aircraft, and simulators; Multiple sets of QAR data are preprocessed first. Based on the flight data time series, flight training data are extracted to obtain the runway altitude data, runway nose distance data, and flight phase data of the final approach phase.

3. The method for evaluating the influence of runway approach altitude on level drift distance based on time-series flight parameters according to claim 2, characterized in that, This paper analyzes the working principle of airborne flight parameter recording equipment for typical general aviation aircraft in China, and utilizes existing airborne avionics equipment and wireless transmission technology to collect general aviation aircraft flight parameter data quickly and at low cost, thereby achieving efficient organization of general aviation aircraft flight parameter data and obtaining multiple sets of flight training QAR data.

4. The method for evaluating the influence of runway approach altitude on level drift distance based on time-series flight parameters according to claim 2, characterized in that, Based on the multiple sets of QAR data, and in accordance with the compiled Civil Aviation Flight Data Technical Specifications, the collected QAR data is subjected to data filtering, format conversion, data shrinking, data expansion, and merging calculations to obtain the runway altitude data, runway nose distance data, and flight phase data for the final approach phase, i.e., the final approach phase data extracted in step 1.

5. The method for evaluating the influence of runway approach altitude on level drift distance based on time-series flight parameters according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 3: A scatter plot of runway approach height and drift distance was drawn to analyze the influence and relationship between runway approach height and drift distance. Based on the scatter plot, it was found that the runway approach height and drift distance generally have a linear relationship, reflecting the influence of runway approach height on drift distance: the greater the runway approach height, the farther the drift distance.

6. The method for evaluating the influence of runway approach altitude on level drift distance based on time-series flight parameters according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 4: According to the Civil Aviation Administration's "Technical Standards for Flight Areas of Civil Airports", runways are divided into multiple levels, with each level having a different runway length; Thresholds are calculated for different runway levels. Based on the relationship between runway approach height and drift distance, as well as runway length, an early warning is given when the runway approach height exceeds the threshold.

Images