A magnetically aspirated bidirectional anchoring device for rock displacement measuring points inside boreholes and its usage method

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of rock movement monitoring, specifically to a magnetically aspirated bidirectional anchoring device for rock movement monitoring points inside boreholes and its usage method. The device includes an outer sleeve, an inner magnetic cylinder, an electromagnet, a sliding guide rod assembly, and anchoring claws, among other main components. It can anchor the device bidirectionally to the borehole wall when the borehole is under grouting and sealing conditions, preventing slippage and enabling the transmission of rock movement data. In use, the anchoring claws are first controlled in a retracted state and moved downwards to a set position. The sliding guide rod assembly fixed to the inner magnetic cylinder moves, causing the upper guide rod to disengage from the limiting pin ring, and the lower push rod moves downwards to release the restriction on the lower anchoring claws. Under the action of spring tension or elasticity, the anchoring claws open and grip the borehole wall in both the upper and lower directions. This invention has advantages such as simple use, no limitation on installation depth, and stable anchoring, making the monitoring point installation more reliable and the monitoring data more accurate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rock movement monitoring, specifically to a magnetically aspirated bidirectional anchoring device for rock movement measuring points inside boreholes and its usage method, applicable to the measurement of rock movement within mining operations. Background Technology

[0002] With increasing coal seam mining depth and the presence of aquifers within rock strata, monitoring internal rock movement increasingly requires borehole sealing to avoid potential water hazards. Traditionally, this involves installing anchors inside the borehole and extending the measuring line outside for measurement. Patent (CN107165676A) describes a method for monitoring internal rock movement, but the specific installation device and method are not detailed. Patent (CN101071062A) describes a monitoring method using compressed wood, primarily for monitoring movement within bare boreholes, and is unsuitable for conditions requiring borehole sealing. Furthermore, previous borehole anchors often employed unidirectional anchoring, restricting only upward movement and failing to prevent downward movement due to borehole damage; this can be termed unidirectional anchoring. Therefore, there is a possibility of measuring points sliding, detaching, or failing within the borehole. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention primarily addresses the problems of difficult placement and unstable anchoring of monitoring points for rock movement within boreholes under sealed conditions. It proposes an anchoring device and its usage method that utilizes magnetic attraction to actively guide the simultaneous opening of bidirectional anchoring claws. This device offers advantages such as ease of use, no limitation on installation depth, and stable anchoring. Specifically, the proposed magnetically attracted bidirectional anchoring device for rock movement monitoring points inside boreholes mainly includes an outer sleeve assembly, an inner sleeve assembly, a magnetic control assembly, a sliding guide rod assembly, an upper anchoring assembly, and a lower anchoring assembly. The inner sleeve assembly is coaxially disposed inside the outer sleeve assembly and is controlled by the magnetic control assembly to move vertically within the outer sleeve assembly. The sliding guide rod assembly is fixedly connected to the inner sleeve assembly, with an upward-extending pin at its upper end and a downward-extending pin at its lower end. The bottom end of the lower insertion pin is connected to one end of the horizontal portion of the L-shaped rod, and the vertical portion of the L-shaped rod is located outside the circumference of the outer sleeve assembly. The upper anchoring assembly includes an upper anchoring claw, a limiting pin ring, and a tension spring. The bottom end of the upper anchoring claw is rotatably connected to the upper part of the outer sleeve assembly. One end of the tension spring is connected to the outer wall of the outer sleeve assembly, and the other end is connected to the upper anchoring claw. The side of the upper anchoring claw facing away from the tension spring is connected to the limiting pin ring via a crossbar. The upward insertion pin can slide in and out within the limiting pin ring. The lower anchoring assembly includes a lower anchoring claw and a compression spring. The top end of the lower anchoring claw is rotatably connected to the middle of the outer wall of the outer sleeve assembly. One end of the compression spring is connected to the middle of the outer wall of the outer sleeve assembly at a certain downward position, and the other end is connected to the lower anchoring claw. The lower end of the lower anchoring claw can slide in and out within the L-shaped rod.

[0004] Preferably, the outer sleeve assembly includes a cylindrical outer sleeve, and the upper and lower end faces of the outer sleeve are sealed with outer circular iron sheets.

[0005] Preferably, the inner sleeve assembly includes a cylindrical magnetic cylinder filled with lead blocks, and the upper and lower end faces of the magnetic cylinder are sealed with inner circular iron sheets.

[0006] Preferably, multiple sliding guide rod assemblies are evenly arranged circumferentially. Each sliding guide rod assembly includes a main track rod, an upward pin rod, a downward pin rod, and a sliding collar with a crossbar. The main track rod is located between the magnetic suction cylinder and the outer sleeve, and both ends of the main track rod are fixed to the upper and lower outer circular iron plates, respectively. The end of the crossbar with the sliding collar near the magnetic suction cylinder is fixed to the middle of the magnetic suction cylinder. The sliding collar passes through the main track rod. The lower part of the crossbar near the magnetic suction cylinder is connected to the downward pin rod, and the upper part of the crossbar away from the magnetic suction cylinder is connected to the upward pin rod. The upward pin rod and the downward pin rod pass through the upper and lower outer circular iron plates, respectively.

[0007] Preferably, the L-shaped rod has an arc-shaped surface inside, and the center of the arc-shaped surface is away from the corner of the L-shaped rod.

[0008] Preferably, the lower anchoring assembly further includes an automatic limiting device. One end of the automatic limiting device is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the outer sleeve and is located below the connection between the lower anchoring claw and the outer wall of the outer sleeve. The other end of the automatic limiting device can engage with the barbs provided on the inner side of the lower anchoring claw to prevent the lower anchoring claw from resetting after opening.

[0009] Preferably, the magnetic attraction control component includes an upper electromagnet, a lower electromagnet, and electromagnet wires. The upper electromagnet is fixed to the bottom surface inside the outer sleeve assembly, and the lower electromagnet is fixed to the bottom surface inside the outer sleeve assembly. The upper and lower electromagnets are powered by electromagnet wires.

[0010] Preferably, a connector is provided on the top surface of the outer sleeve assembly and connected to the displacement information transmission line, wherein the displacement transmission line includes a hollow flexible tube with a certain load-bearing capacity and a conductive wire inside it.

[0011] Based on the above-mentioned magnetically aspirated bidirectional anchoring device for rock movement measurement points inside boreholes, this invention also provides a method for using it, including the following steps:

[0012] a. Overcome the tension spring force and force all the upper anchoring claws to be in a vertical retracted state; overcome the compression spring force and force all the lower anchoring claws to be in a basically vertical retracted state.

[0013] b. Push the L-shaped rod upwards and restrict the lower anchoring claw plate, while simultaneously inserting the upward pin rod into the limiting pin ring connected to the upper anchoring claw plate; generate magnetic force through the magnetic attraction control component to attract the magnetic suction cylinder component and keep it in a stable state;

[0014] c. A connector is provided on the top surface of the outer sleeve assembly and connected to the displacement information transmission line. The displacement transmission line includes a hollow flexible tube with a certain load-bearing capacity and its internal conductive wire. The entire bidirectional anchoring device is moved down along the hole wall to a predetermined position, and the magnetic suction cylinder is controlled to move downward by the magnetic suction control component. During this process, the resulting movement causes the upper pin to disengage from the limiting pin ring, releasing the restriction on the upper anchoring claw. The lower pin drives the L-shaped rod down and releases the restriction on the lower anchoring claw. Under the tension of the tension spring, the upper anchoring claw is pulled open and anchored to the hole wall. Under the thrust of the compression spring, the lower anchoring claw is pushed open and anchored to the hole wall.

[0015] d. Grouting is injected into the borehole to fix the bidirectional anchoring device to the rock strata, and the movement information is transmitted to the borehole opening through the conduction wire inside the displacement information transmission line.

[0016] Preferably, in step a, the free end of the automatic limiting device faces upward; in step c, after the lower anchoring claw is pushed open by the compression spring, the automatic limiting device falls and engages with the barbs located on the inner side of the lower anchoring claw to prevent the lower anchoring claw from resetting after opening.

[0017] Beneficial effects: This invention addresses the problems of difficulty in arranging and anchoring mobile monitoring points inside rock strata under sealed conditions. It proposes an anchoring device and its usage method that actively guides the simultaneous opening of bidirectional anchoring claws using magnetic attraction. It has advantages such as simple use, no limitation on installation depth, and stable anchoring, which can make the installation of monitoring points more reliable and the monitoring data more accurate. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a side sectional view of the bidirectional anchoring claw device of the present invention before it is opened;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a top view of the bidirectional anchoring claw device of the present invention before it is opened;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a side sectional view of the bidirectional anchoring claw device of the present invention after it has been opened;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a top view of the bidirectional anchoring claw device of the present invention after it has been opened;

[0022] In the diagram: 1-Outer sleeve; 2-Magnetic suction cylinder; 3-Upper electromagnet; 4-Lower electromagnet; 5-Upper anchoring claw; 6-Lower anchoring claw; 7-Main track rod; 8-Upward pin; 9-Downward pin; 10-Sliding collar with crossbar; 11-Outer circular iron piece; 12-Inner circular iron piece; 13-Electromagnet wire; 14-Limiting pin ring; 15-Tension spring; 16-Compression spring; 17-Automatic limit device; 18-Displacement information transmission line; 19-Connector; 20-Hole wall; 21-L-shaped rod. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The invention will be further described below with reference to specific examples.

[0024] like Figure 1-4As shown, the magnetic suction type bidirectional anchoring device for borehole internal rock movement measuring points of the present invention mainly includes an outer sleeve assembly, an inner sleeve assembly, a magnetic suction control assembly, a sliding guide rod assembly, an upper anchoring assembly, and a lower anchoring assembly. The outer sleeve assembly includes a cylindrical outer sleeve 1, which is made of 304 stainless steel with a wall thickness of 3mm and is hollow. The upper and lower end faces of the outer sleeve are sealed with outer circular iron sheets 11 made of 304 stainless steel with a thickness of 5mm and a diameter consistent with the outer diameter of the outer sleeve 1. The inner sleeve assembly includes a cylindrical magnetic suction cylinder 2, which is made of 304 stainless steel with a wall thickness of 2mm and is hollow. Lead blocks are filled inside to increase weight. The upper and lower end faces of the magnetic suction cylinder 2 are sealed with inner circular iron sheets 12 made of 304 stainless steel with a thickness of 8mm and a diameter consistent with the outer diameter of the magnetic suction cylinder 2. The inner sleeve assembly is built inside the outer sleeve 1 and is on the same central axis as the outer sleeve 1.

[0025] The sliding guide rod assembly comprises four sets evenly arranged circumferentially. Each assembly includes a main track rod 7, an upward pin rod 8, a downward pin rod 9, and a sliding collar 10 with crossbars. The main track rod 7 is located between the magnetic cylinder 2 and the outer sleeve 1, and four sets are evenly arranged circumferentially. Both ends of the main track rod 7 are fixed to the upper and lower outer circular iron plates 11, respectively. The sliding collar 10 with crossbars includes a central sliding collar and crossbars fixed to both sides of the outer wall of the sliding collar. The crossbars on both sides are in the same radial direction of the sliding collar. The end of the crossbar closer to the magnetic cylinder 2 is fixed to the middle of the magnetic cylinder 2. The sliding collar passes through the main track rod 7 and can slide up and down along it. The lower part of the crossbar near the magnetic cylinder 2 is connected to the downward pin 9, and the upper part of the crossbar away from the magnetic cylinder 2 is connected to the upward pin 8. The upward pin 8 and the downward pin 9 pass through the upper and lower outer circular iron plates 11 respectively. The bottom end of the lower pin 9 is connected to one end of the horizontal part of the L-shaped rod 21. The vertical part of the L-shaped rod 21 is located outside the circumference of the outer sleeve 1 and is parallel to the axis of the outer sleeve 1 and the axis of the magnetic cylinder 2. The L-shaped rod 21 has an arc surface inside, and the center of the arc surface is away from the corner of the L-shaped rod 21. The main track rod 7, the upward pin 8, the downward bending push rod 9, the crossbar with the horizontal sliding collar 10, and the L-shaped rod 21 are made of hard iron wire with a diameter of 3mm.

[0026] The upper anchoring assembly includes an upper anchoring claw 5, a limiting pin ring 14, and a tension spring 15. The bottom end of the upper anchoring claw 5 is rotatably connected to the top end of the outer sleeve 1. One end of the tension spring 15 is connected to the outer wall of the outer sleeve 1, and the other end is connected to the upper anchoring claw 5. The side of the upper anchoring claw 5 facing away from the tension spring 15 is connected to the limiting pin ring 14 via a crossbar. The inner diameter of the limiting pin ring 14 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the upward insertion pin 8. The upward insertion pin 8 can slide freely within the limiting pin ring 14. When the upward insertion pin 8 is in the lower position, the upward insertion pin 8 disengages from the limiting pin ring 14. The lower anchoring assembly includes a lower anchoring claw 6, a compression spring 16, and an automatic limiting device 17. The top end of the lower anchoring claw 6 is rotatably connected to the middle of the outer wall of the outer sleeve 1. The compression spring 16... One end is connected to the middle of the outer wall of the outer sleeve 1 at a certain downward position, and the other end is connected to the lower anchoring claw 6; when the L-shaped rod 21 is in the upper position, the lower anchoring claw 6 is located inside it and the lower anchoring claw 6 is in a retracted state; when the L-shaped rod 21 is in the lower position, the lower anchoring claw 6 is disengaged and the lower anchoring claw 6 is in an open state; one end of the automatic limiting device 17 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the outer sleeve 1 and is located below the connection between the lower anchoring claw 6 and the outer wall of the outer sleeve 1; the other end of the automatic limiting device 17 can cooperate with the barbs set on the inner side of the lower anchoring claw 6 to prevent the lower anchoring claw 6 from resetting after opening; both the upper anchoring claw 5 and the lower anchoring claw 6 are made of 304 stainless steel, with a thickness of 3mm and a width of 1cm, and the anchoring claws are conical in shape;

[0027] The magnetic attraction control assembly includes an upper electromagnet 3, a lower electromagnet 4, and an electromagnet wire 13. The upper electromagnet 3 is centrally fixed to the bottom surface of the upper outer circular iron plate 11 and located inside the outer sleeve 1. The lower electromagnet 4 is centrally fixed to the top of the lower outer circular iron plate 11 and located inside the outer sleeve 1. The upper electromagnet 3 and the lower electromagnet 4 are powered by the electromagnet conductive wire 13, with a power supply voltage of 12 volts or 24 volts and an attraction force greater than 10 kg. The electromagnet conductive wire 13 is led out to the orifice through the circular hole on the outer circular plate 11.

[0028] It also includes a connector 19 centrally located at the upper end of the outer circular piece 11, and the connector 19 is connected to a displacement information transmission line 18.

[0029] Based on the above-mentioned magnetically aspirated bidirectional anchoring device for rock movement measurement points inside boreholes, this invention also provides a method for using it, including the following steps:

[0030] a. such as Figure 1-2 As shown, the upper anchoring claw 5 is forced into a vertical retracted state by overcoming the tension spring 15; the lower anchoring claw 6 is forced into a basically vertical retracted state by overcoming the compression spring 16; and the free end of the automatic limit device 17 is upward.

[0031] b. Push the L-shaped rod 21 upwards and restrict the lower anchoring claw 6. At the same time, insert the upward pin rod 8 into the limiting pin ring 14 connected to the upper anchoring claw 5 to restrict the position of the upper anchoring claw 5. At this time, the upper electromagnet 3 of the inner circular iron plate 12 at the upper end of the magnetic suction cylinder 2 contacts, so that the upper electromagnet 3 is energized to form a magnetic force, attracting the magnetic suction cylinder 2 to a stable state, restricting all anchoring claws to be in a retracted state.

[0032] c. A connector 19 is provided at the top of the outer sleeve 1 and is connected to the displacement information transmission line 18. The displacement transmission line 18 includes a hollow flexible tube with a certain load-bearing capacity and its internal conductive wires; such as Figure 3-4 As shown, the entire bidirectional anchoring device descends along the borehole wall 20 via the displacement information transmission line 18 under its own weight until the predetermined measuring point installation depth / position is reached; the upper electromagnet 3 is de-energized and demagnetized, releasing its attraction to the magnetic suction cylinder 2, while the lower electromagnet 4 is energized to generate magnetic force. Under the combined action of the magnetic force of the lower electromagnet 4 and the weight of the magnetic suction cylinder 2, the magnetic suction cylinder 2 moves downward and contacts the lower electromagnet 4; during this process, the resulting travel causes the upper insertion pin 8 to disengage from the limiting pin ring 13, releasing the restriction on the upper anchoring claw 5, and the lower insertion pin 8... After the pin 9 drives the L-shaped rod 21 downward, it releases the restriction on the lower anchoring claw 6; under the pulling force of the tension spring 15, the upper anchoring claw 5 is pulled open and anchored to the hole wall 20; under the pushing force of the compression spring 16, the lower anchoring claw 6 is pushed open and anchored to the hole wall 20; after the lower anchoring claw 6 is pushed open by the compression spring 15, the automatic limiting device 17 falls down and engages with the barbs set on the inner side of the lower anchoring claw 6 to prevent the lower anchoring claw 6 from resetting after opening, forming a two-way anchoring effect, ensuring that the entire two-way anchoring device will not slide off in the hole;

[0033] d. Grouting is injected into the borehole to fix the bidirectional anchoring device to the rock formation (grouting can also prevent water from entering the well through the borehole if there is water in the formation), and the movement information is transmitted to the borehole opening through the transmission wire inside the displacement information transmission line 18.

Claims

1. A magnetically aspirated bidirectional anchoring device for rock movement measuring points inside boreholes, characterized in that, The assembly includes an outer sleeve assembly, an inner sleeve assembly, a magnetic control assembly, a sliding guide rod assembly, an upper anchoring assembly, and a lower anchoring assembly. The inner sleeve assembly is coaxially disposed inside the outer sleeve assembly and is controlled by the magnetic control assembly to move up and down inside the outer sleeve assembly. The sliding guide rod assembly is fixedly connected to the inner sleeve assembly, with an upward pin extending out of the outer sleeve assembly at its upper end and a downward pin extending out of the outer sleeve assembly at its lower end. The bottom end of the downward pin is connected to one end of the transverse portion of an L-shaped rod, and the vertical portion of the L-shaped rod is located outside the circumference of the outer sleeve assembly. The upper anchoring assembly includes an upper anchoring claw, a limiting pin ring, and a tension spring. The bottom end of the upper anchoring claw is rotatably connected to the upper part of the outer sleeve assembly. One end of the tension spring is connected to the outer wall of the outer sleeve assembly, and the other end is connected to the upper anchoring claw. The side of the upper anchoring claw facing away from the tension spring is connected to the limiting pin ring via a crossbar. The upward insertion pin can slide in and out within the limiting pin ring. The lower anchoring assembly includes a lower anchoring claw and a compression spring. The top end of the lower anchoring claw is rotatably connected to the middle of the outer wall of the outer sleeve assembly. One end of the compression spring is connected to the middle of the outer wall of the outer sleeve assembly at a downward position. The other end is connected to the lower anchoring claw, the lower end of which can slide in and out of the L-shaped rod; the upper and lower end faces of the outer sleeve are sealed with outer circular iron plates; the inner sleeve assembly includes a cylindrical magnetic suction cylinder filled with lead blocks, the upper and lower end faces of which are sealed with inner circular iron plates; the magnetic suction control assembly includes an upper electromagnet, a lower electromagnet, and electromagnet wires, the upper electromagnet is fixed below the inner top surface of the outer sleeve assembly, the lower electromagnet is fixed on the inner bottom surface of the outer sleeve assembly, and the upper and lower electromagnets are powered by electromagnet conductive wires; The upward-pointing pin can slide freely within the limiting pin ring. When the upward-pointing pin is in the lower position, it disengages from the limiting pin ring. The lower anchoring assembly includes a lower anchoring claw, a compression spring, and an automatic limiting device. The top of the lower anchoring claw is rotatably connected to the middle of the outer wall of the outer sleeve. One end of the compression spring is connected to the middle of the outer wall of the outer sleeve at a certain downward position, and the other end is connected to the lower anchoring claw. When the L-shaped rod is in the upper position, the lower anchoring claw is located inside it and is in a retracted state. When the L-shaped rod is in the lower position, the lower anchoring claw disengages and is in an open state.

2. The bidirectional anchoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple sliding guide rod assemblies are evenly arranged circumferentially. Each sliding guide rod assembly includes a main track rod, an upward pin rod, a downward pin rod, and a sliding collar with a crossbar. The main track rod is located between the magnetic suction cylinder and the outer sleeve. The two ends of the main track rod are respectively fixed to the upper and lower outer circular iron plates. The end of the crossbar with the sliding collar near the magnetic suction cylinder is fixed to the middle of the magnetic suction cylinder. The sliding collar passes through the main track rod. The lower part of the crossbar near the magnetic suction cylinder is connected to the downward pin rod, and the upper part of the crossbar away from the magnetic suction cylinder is connected to the upward pin rod. The upward pin rod and the downward pin rod pass through the upper and lower outer circular iron plates respectively.

3. The bidirectional anchoring device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The L-shaped rod has an arc-shaped surface inside, and the center of the arc surface is away from the corner of the L-shaped rod.

4. The bidirectional anchoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower anchoring assembly also includes an automatic limiting device. One end of the automatic limiting device is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the outer sleeve assembly and is located below the connection between the lower anchoring claw and the outer wall of the outer sleeve assembly. The other end of the automatic limiting device can engage with the barbs provided on the inner side of the lower anchoring claw to prevent the lower anchoring claw from resetting after opening.

5. The bidirectional anchoring device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, A connector is provided on the top surface of the outer sleeve assembly and connected to the displacement information transmission line. The displacement information transmission line includes a hollow flexible tube with a certain load-bearing capacity and its internal conductive wire.

6. The method of using the magnetic suction type bidirectional anchoring device for rock movement measuring points inside boreholes as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: a. Overcome the tension spring force and force all the upper anchoring claws to be in a vertical retracted state; overcome the compression spring force and force all the lower anchoring claws to be in a basically vertical retracted state. b. Push the L-shaped rod upwards and restrict the lower anchoring claw plate, while simultaneously inserting the upward pin rod into the limiting pin ring connected to the upper anchoring claw plate; generate magnetic force through the magnetic attraction control component to attract the magnetic suction cylinder component and keep it in a stable state; c. A connector is provided on the top surface of the outer sleeve assembly and connected to the displacement information transmission line. The displacement information transmission line includes a hollow flexible tube with a certain load-bearing capacity and its internal conductive wire. The entire bidirectional anchoring device is moved down along the hole wall to a predetermined position, and the magnetic suction cylinder is controlled to move downward by the magnetic suction control component. During this process, the resulting movement causes the upward pin to disengage from the limiting pin ring, releasing the restriction on the upper anchoring claw. The downward pin drives the L-shaped rod down and releases the restriction on the lower anchoring claw. Under the tension of the tension spring, the upper anchoring claw is pulled open and anchored to the hole wall. Under the thrust of the compression spring, the lower anchoring claw is pushed open and anchored to the hole wall. d. Grouting is injected into the borehole to fix the bidirectional anchoring device to the rock strata, and the movement information is transmitted to the borehole opening through the conduction wire inside the displacement information transmission line.

7. The bidirectional anchoring device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The lower anchoring assembly also includes an automatic limiting device. One end of the automatic limiting device is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the outer sleeve assembly and is located below the connection between the lower anchoring claw and the outer wall of the outer sleeve assembly. The other end of the automatic limiting device can engage with the barbs located on the inner side of the lower anchoring claw to prevent the lower anchoring claw from resetting after opening. In step a, the free end of the automatic limiting device faces upward. In step c, after the lower anchoring claw is pushed open by the compression spring, the automatic limiting device falls and engages with the barbs located on the inner side of the lower anchoring claw to prevent the lower anchoring claw from resetting after opening.

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