Butyl sealant for photovoltaic module and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The application provides a butyl sealant for photovoltaic modules and a preparation method and application thereof, the preparation raw material of the butyl sealant for photovoltaic modules comprises a combination of butyl rubber, polyisobutylene, tackifying resin, stabilizer and flaky aluminum oxide in specific proportions; by selecting butyl rubber and polyisobutylene for collocation, and adding flaky aluminum oxide and stabilizer, the above components are coordinated to make the butyl sealant for photovoltaic modules finally obtained have excellent bonding and sealing performance, water vapor barrier performance and atmospheric aging resistance, and when applied to photovoltaic modules, the heterojunction photovoltaic module or perovskite photovoltaic module can be effectively ensured to be durably and efficiently and stably operated under different regions, different seasons and different ultraviolet irradiation conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of sealant technology, specifically relating to a butyl sealant for photovoltaic modules, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Heterojunction and perovskite photovoltaic cells are highly sensitive to moisture, so the moisture barrier performance of module encapsulation is crucial. Butyl rubber has extremely high moisture barrier performance and has become an essential material for encapsulating new modules. When used in conjunction with encapsulation films, it can meet the moisture barrier requirements of high-efficiency cells.

[0003] Butyl rubber is a one-component hot-melt adhesive made from butyl rubber (IIR) as the raw material, with the addition of a certain amount of modifying substances such as polyisobutylene (PIB). It possesses ultra-low water vapor transmission rate, good adhesion, excellent electrical insulation properties, and resistance to atmospheric aging. In crystalline silicon modules / thin-film modules, the water vapor transmission rate is 10%. -3 g / (m 2 To effectively protect the module from external moisture erosion, it must be at level d) and have good adhesion to photovoltaic glass. Therefore, butyl rubber is suitable for heterojunction and perovskite cells that are highly sensitive to moisture.

[0004] Butyl rubber, as a novel water vapor barrier sealing material for photovoltaic modules, cannot be replaced by other adhesives in the short term, mainly due to the insufficient water vapor barrier performance of other materials. However, butyl rubber also cannot replace the adhesive film (it lacks the optical properties of the adhesive film, and its application in equipment is less likely). Therefore, using butyl rubber in combination with the adhesive film (double-sided EVA film + butyl rubber) has become the main development route. CN106753059A discloses a hot-melt butyl rubber for double-glass photovoltaic modules and its preparation method. By weight percentage, it contains the following substances: 15-45% butyl polymer, 5-35% synthetic polymer, 0.02-0.5% initiator, 0.1-1% silane coupling agent, 10-30% inorganic inert filler, 10-20% desiccant, 0-5% tackifying resin, 0.3-0.7% plasticizer, and 0.1-0.5% antioxidant. This sealant is obtained through melt blending modification, silane coupling agent grafting modification, and filler modification, followed by kneading at a vacuum of 0.08–0.1 MPa and a temperature of 135°C for 1–2 hours. The butyl sealant provided by this invention features readily available raw materials, a simple process, and produces a sealant with durable adhesion, resistance to high temperature, high humidity, and UV aging, low water vapor transmission rate, excellent thermal stability, good insulation performance, and low cold flow rate. However, currently available butyl sealant products for photovoltaic modules have many problems, such as a water vapor transmission rate of generally 0.01–1.0 g / (m²) at 38°C. 2Between ·day), it is impossible to meet the requirements of new battery modules for moisture barrier, and the moisture transmittance will increase by at least 10 times under 85℃ aging environment, which significantly reduces the protective effect on the module. In addition, after butyl rubber products are exposed to ultraviolet light for a certain period of time, cracks are easy to appear on the surface, and the moisture transmittance also increases linearly.

[0005] Therefore, developing a butyl sealant for photovoltaic modules that combines excellent adhesion and sealing properties, moisture barrier properties, and atmospheric aging resistance is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the present invention aims to provide a butyl sealant for photovoltaic modules, its preparation method, and its application. The butyl sealant for photovoltaic modules exhibits good adhesion and sealing properties to photovoltaic modules, while also possessing low water vapor permeability and excellent UV aging resistance. When applied to the sealing of photovoltaic modules, it can ensure the long-lasting and efficient operation of photovoltaic modules.

[0007] To achieve this objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a butyl sealant for photovoltaic modules, wherein the raw materials for preparing the butyl sealant for photovoltaic modules comprise the following components by weight:

[0009]

[0010] The butyl sealant for photovoltaic modules provided by this invention comprises a specific ratio of butyl rubber, polyisobutylene, tackifying resin, stabilizer, and flake alumina. By selecting butyl rubber and polyisobutylene for combination, the butyl rubber exhibits an intertwined structure with tightly packed side methyl groups in its molecular chains. The polyisobutylene molecular chains can interpenetrate and fill the gaps in the entangled structure of the butyl rubber, thereby forming a dense water vapor barrier network. Further addition of flake alumina, with its regular hexagonal layered structure, allows it to form [a specific structure / form] within the matrix. The butyl sealant forms a fish-scale-like water-blocking structure, which can further reduce the water vapor transmission rate of the product. At the same time, the addition of a certain amount of stabilizer can further improve the UV aging resistance of the butyl sealant. Through the coordinated combination of the above components, the final butyl sealant for photovoltaic modules has excellent bonding and sealing performance, water vapor barrier performance and atmospheric aging resistance. When applied to photovoltaic modules, it can effectively ensure that heterojunction photovoltaic modules and perovskite photovoltaic modules can operate stably and efficiently in different regions, seasons and under different UV irradiation conditions.

[0011] The butyl rubber can be 85 parts by weight, 90 parts by weight, 95 parts by weight, 100 parts by weight, 105 parts by weight, 110 parts by weight, or 115 parts by weight, etc.

[0012] The polyisobutylene can be in the form of 12 parts by weight, 14 parts by weight, 16 parts by weight, 18 parts by weight, 20 parts by weight, 22 parts by weight, 24 parts by weight, 26 parts by weight, or 28 parts by weight.

[0013] The tackifying resin can be 12 parts by weight, 14 parts by weight, 16 parts by weight, 18 parts by weight, 20 parts by weight, 22 parts by weight, 24 parts by weight, 26 parts by weight, or 28 parts by weight, etc.

[0014] The stabilizer can be 0.7 parts by weight, 0.9 parts by weight, 1.1 parts by weight, 1.3 parts by weight, 1.5 parts by weight, 1.7 parts by weight, 1.9 parts by weight, 2.1 parts by weight, or 2.3 parts by weight, etc.

[0015] The sheet-like alumina can be in quantities of 35 parts by weight, 40 parts by weight, 45 parts by weight, 50 parts by weight, 55 parts by weight, 60 parts by weight, 65 parts by weight, 70 parts by weight, or 75 parts by weight.

[0016] Preferably, the viscosity-average molecular weight of the butyl rubber is 20,000 to 800,000, for example, 50,000, 100,000, 200,000, 300,000, 400,000, 500,000, 600,000 or 700,000.

[0017] Preferably, the viscosity-average molecular weight of the polyisobutylene is 0.1 to 300,000, for example, 50,000, 100,000, 150,000, 200,000 or 250,000.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the viscosity-average molecular weight of butyl rubber is further limited to 20,000 to 800,000, and the viscosity-average molecular weight of polyisobutylene is 1,000 to 300,000. This is more conducive to the interpenetration of the polyisobutylene molecular chains and their filling of the structural entanglement gaps in the butyl rubber, thereby helping to form a denser water vapor barrier network.

[0019] Preferably, the butyl rubber is abbreviated as IIR, and can specifically be Exxon. TM Butyl 065, Exxon TM Butyl065S, Exxon TM Butyl 068S, Exxon TM Butyl 268, Exxon TM Butyl 268S, Exxon TM Butyl 365 or Exxon TM Any one or at least two of the Butyl 365S.

[0020] Preferably, the polyisobutylene is abbreviated as PIB, and specifically can be selected as... 1000 1300 2300 B 10 B12 B 15 N50, N80 N100 or Any one or at least two of N150.

[0021] Preferably, the tackifying resin includes any one or a combination of at least two of C5 petroleum resin, C9 petroleum resin, C5 / C9 petroleum resin, rosin resin, terpene resin or phenolic resin.

[0022] Preferably, the stabilizer comprises any one or a combination of at least two of the following: phenyl benzoate, 2-(2'-hydroxy-5'-methylphenyl)benzotriazole, 2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-n-octyloxybenzophenone, 2-(2'-hydroxy-3',5'-di-tert-phenyl)-5-chlorobenzotriazole, 1,3,5-trimethyl-2,4,6-tris(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)benzene, pentaerythritol diisodecyl diphosphite, or triethylene glycol bis-3-(3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)acrylonitrile.

[0023] Preferably, the sheet-like alumina is obtained by calcining molten salt and titanium dioxide.

[0024] In this invention, the "molten salt" refers to Na. + SO4 2- Mg 2+ PO4 3- Ti 4+ Salts formed by plasma combinations, such as aluminum sulfate, magnesium carbonate, and sodium phosphate.

[0025] Preferably, the calcination temperature is 900–1300°C, for example, 950°C, 1000°C, 1050°C, 1100°C, 1150°C, 1200°C, or 1250°C.

[0026] Preferably, the calcination time is 4 to 8 hours, such as 4.5 hours, 5 hours, 5.5 hours, 6 hours, 6.5 hours, 7 hours or 7.5 hours.

[0027] Preferably, the raw materials for preparing the butyl sealant for photovoltaic modules further include 1 to 3 parts by weight (e.g., 1.2 parts by weight, 1.4 parts by weight, 1.6 parts by weight, 1.8 parts by weight, 2 parts by weight, 2.2 parts by weight, 2.4 parts by weight, 2.6 parts by weight, or 2.8 parts by weight, etc.) of an adhesion promoter.

[0028] Preferably, the adhesion promoter comprises any one or a combination of at least two of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, N-β-(aminoethyl)γ-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltris(methoxyethoxy)silane, vinyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltriethoxysilane, γ-ureapropyltriethoxysilane, or γ-ureapropyltrimethoxysilane;

[0029] Preferably, the raw materials for preparing the butyl sealant for photovoltaic modules further include 4 to 8 parts by weight (e.g., 4.5 parts by weight, 5 parts by weight, 5.5 parts by weight, 6 parts by weight, 6.5 parts by weight, 7 parts by weight, or 7.5 parts by weight, etc.) of filler.

[0030] Preferably, the filler comprises any one or a combination of at least two of the following: silica fume, talc, mica powder, molecular sieve, bentonite, calcium carbonate, titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, iron oxide, carbon black, aluminum hydroxide, or wollastonite.

[0031] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing butyl sealant for photovoltaic modules as described in the first aspect, characterized in that the preparation method includes: internally mixing butyl resin and polyisobutylene, adding tackifying resin, flake alumina and optionally filler and continuing internal mixing, and then adding stabilizer and optionally adhesion promoter and internal mixing to obtain the butyl sealant for photovoltaic modules.

[0032] Preferably, the mixing time for mixing butyl resin and polyisobutylene is 1 to 2 hours, such as 1.1 hours, 1.2 hours, 1.3 hours, 1.4 hours, 1.5 hours, 1.6 hours, 1.7 hours, 1.8 hours, or 1.9 hours.

[0033] Preferably, the mixing temperature for mixing butyl resin and polyisobutylene is 110-150°C, such as 115°C, 120°C, 125°C, 130°C, 135°C, 140°C or 145°C.

[0034] Preferably, the mixing time for adding tackifying resin, flake alumina and optional filler is 1 to 2 hours, for example, 1.1 hours, 1.2 hours, 1.3 hours, 1.4 hours, 1.5 hours, 1.6 hours, 1.7 hours, 1.8 hours or 1.9 hours.

[0035] Preferably, the mixing temperature for adding tackifying resin, flake alumina and optionally filler and continuing mixing is 110-150°C, for example 115°C, 120°C, 125°C, 130°C, 135°C, 140°C or 145°C.

[0036] Preferably, the mixing temperature for adding stabilizers and optionally adhesive accelerators is 30–80°C, for example, 30°C, 40°C, 50°C, 60°C, 70°C, or 80°C.

[0037] Preferably, the mixing time for adding the stabilizer and optionally the adhesion promoter is 20 to 40 minutes, such as 22 minutes, 24 minutes, 26 minutes, 28 minutes, 30 minutes, 32 minutes, 34 minutes, 36 minutes or 38 minutes.

[0038] Thirdly, the present invention provides an application of the butyl sealant for photovoltaic modules as described in the first aspect in the encapsulation of heterojunction cells or perovskite cells.

[0039] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0040] (1) The raw materials for preparing the butyl sealant for photovoltaic modules provided by the present invention include a specific number of butyl rubber, polyisobutylene, tackifying resin, stabilizer and flake alumina. By using the above specific components to match each other, the butyl sealant for photovoltaic modules can have excellent bonding and sealing performance and a bonding shear strength > 0.5MPa, thereby avoiding water seepage caused by module bonding failure and affecting its long-term, efficient and stable operation.

[0041] (2) The butyl sealant for photovoltaic modules provided by this invention also has excellent water vapor barrier properties; a 1mm thick sample has a water vapor permeability of 10% at 38℃. -3 g / (m 2 The water vapor transmission rate at 85℃ is <2×10⁻⁶ (Day level). -2 g / (m 2 The Day level is significantly superior to conventional butyl sealant products currently on the market. When applied to the sealing of photovoltaic modules, it can ensure that heterojunction and perovskite photovoltaic modules can still operate efficiently and stably in high temperature and high humidity environments.

[0042] (3) Furthermore, the butyl sealant for photovoltaic modules provided by the present invention, by adding a certain amount of stabilizer and a specific amount of filler to the raw materials, also gives the butyl sealant for photovoltaic modules excellent UV resistance. After UV irradiation of 200 kWh, the water vapor transmission rate reaches 9 × 10⁻⁶. -3 g / (m 2Even at the Day level, the product's mechanical properties and water vapor barrier properties remain good, ensuring that the photovoltaic modules can operate efficiently and stably for a long time in the natural environment of high altitude and strong UV radiation. Detailed Implementation

[0043] The technical solution of the present invention will be further illustrated below through specific embodiments. Those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments described are merely illustrative of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention in any way.

[0044] Preparation Example 1

[0045] A type of flake-shaped alumina, with an average flake diameter of 5 μm and a regular hexagonal layered structure, is prepared by grinding 229 g of aluminum sulfate, 170 g of magnesium carbonate, 380 g of sodium sulfate, 1.2 g of trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate, and 0.9 g of titanium dioxide in a mortar and pouring the mixture into a crucible. The crucible is then placed in a muffle furnace and heated to 1200 °C for 6 hours. After the heating period, the mixture is allowed to cool naturally to room temperature. The sample is then removed and washed with 80 °C warm water to remove impurities. The washed sample is then dried in an oven at 110 °C to obtain the flake-shaped alumina.

[0046] Preparation Example 2

[0047] A type of flake-shaped alumina, with an average flake diameter of 7.5 μm and a regular hexagonal layered structure, is prepared by grinding 229 g of aluminum sulfate, 170 g of magnesium carbonate, 600 g of potassium chloride, 1.2 g of trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate, and 0.9 g of titanium dioxide in a mortar and pouring the mixture into a crucible. The crucible is then placed in a muffle furnace and heated to 1200 °C for 6 hours. After the heating period, the mixture is allowed to cool naturally to room temperature. The sample is then removed and washed with 80 °C warm water to remove impurities. The washed sample is then dried in an oven at 110 °C to obtain the flake-shaped alumina.

[0048] Examples 1-7

[0049] A butyl sealant for photovoltaic modules is prepared by means of the components shown in Table 1, wherein each component is in parts by weight.

[0050] Table 1

[0051]

[0052] The preparation methods of butyl sealant for photovoltaic modules provided in Examples 1-7 include:

[0053] Butyl rubber and polyisobutylene were put into a mixer and vacuum-mixed at 140°C for 2 hours. Then, tackifying resin, filler and flake alumina were added and the mixture was continued to be mixed at 140°C for 1.5 hours. The temperature was then lowered to 50°C, stabilizer and adhesion promoter were added and the mixture was mixed for 30 minutes to obtain the butyl sealant for photovoltaic modules.

[0054] Comparative Examples 1-6

[0055] A butyl sealant for photovoltaic modules is prepared by means of the components shown in Table 2, wherein each component is in parts by weight.

[0056] Table 2

[0057]

[0058] The preparation methods of the butyl sealant for photovoltaic modules provided in Comparative Examples 1 to 6 are as described in Example 1.

[0059] Performance testing:

[0060] Photovoltaic modules were coated with butyl sealant between two standard glass sheets and pressed together at 140°C for 15 minutes. A release film was then used to press the laminated sheets together at 140°C to form a 1mm film. The laminated film was then placed in an ultrafast UV chamber for aging tests (ultrafast UV chamber temperature: 60°C, UV irradiation power: 250Wh / m²). 2 );

[0061] (1) Shear strength: Tested according to the test method provided in GB / T 7124-2008;

[0062] (2) Water vapor transmission rate: The test shall be conducted in accordance with the test method provided in GB / T 26253-2010.

[0063] The butyl sealant for photovoltaic modules provided in Examples 1-7 and Comparative Examples 1-6 were tested according to the above test method. The test results are shown in Table 3.

[0064] Table 3

[0065]

[0066] According to the data in Table 3:

[0067] The butyl sealant for photovoltaic modules provided by this invention has good adhesion and sealing performance to the glass in photovoltaic modules, which can ensure the safety and reliability of the module structure. At the same time, it also has excellent water vapor barrier properties, which can ensure that the TCO amorphous / microcrystalline HJT and perovskite cells have less power decay in high temperature and high humidity environments. Meanwhile, the water vapor barrier performance of the product remains basically unchanged after UV 200KWH aging, ensuring that the photovoltaic modules have a long service life in harsh natural environments.

[0068] Specifically, the sealants for photovoltaic modules provided in Examples 1-7 have an initial shear strength of 0.53-0.72 MPa, a shear strength of 0.5-0.65 MPa after UV 200 KWH aging, and an initial water vapor transmission rate of 0.0023-0.0052 g / (m²). 2 ·Day), the water vapor permeability after heat aging at 85℃ is 0.0099~0.0192g / (m 2 •Day), the water vapor transmission rate after UV 200KWH aging is 0.0026~0.0086g / (m 2 •Day), shear strength and water vapor permeability remain essentially unchanged;

[0069] Compared to Example 4, the initial water vapor transmission rate of the butyl sealant provided in Comparative Example 1 was not very low, indicating that the water vapor barrier performance of the main resin itself was generally poor. After heat aging at 85°C or UV 200KWH aging, the water vapor transmission rate became higher and the water vapor barrier performance became worse, which illustrates the importance of adding flake alumina to the raw materials for preparation.

[0070] Compared to Example 4, the butyl sealant provided in Comparative Examples 2-3 had lower initial shear strength and water vapor transmission rate, indicating that the butyl sealant provided in Comparative Examples 2-3 had excellent adhesion and water vapor barrier properties initially. However, after heat aging at 85°C and UV 200KWH aging, the shear strength decreased significantly and the water vapor transmission rate increased significantly, indicating that the butyl sealant provided in Comparative Examples 2-3 had poor resistance to high-temperature heat aging and UV aging.

[0071] Compared to Example 4, the butyl sealant provided in Comparative Examples 4 and 6 had lower initial shear strength and lower shear strength after UV 200KWH aging, indicating poorer adhesion to the glass substrate.

[0072] Compared to Example 4, the butyl sealant provided in Comparative Example 5 had higher water vapor transmittance after 85°C heat aging and UV 200KWH aging, indicating that its resistance to high-temperature heat aging and UV aging was poor.

[0073] The applicant declares that this invention illustrates a butyl sealant for photovoltaic modules, its preparation method, and its application through the above embodiments. However, this invention is not limited to the above embodiments, meaning that this invention does not necessarily rely on the above embodiments for implementation. Those skilled in the art should understand that any improvements to this invention, equivalent substitutions of raw materials, additions of auxiliary components, and selection of specific methods, etc., all fall within the protection and disclosure scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A butyl sealant for photovoltaic modules, characterized in that, The raw materials for preparing the butyl sealant for photovoltaic modules include the following components in parts by weight: 80-120 parts by weight of butyl rubber; 10-30 parts by weight of polyisobutylene; 10-30 parts by weight of tackifying resin; Stabilizer 0.5~2.5 parts by weight; 30-80 parts by weight of flake alumina.

2. The butyl sealant for photovoltaic modules according to claim 1, characterized in that, The viscosity-average molecular weight of the butyl rubber is 20,000 to 800,000.

3. The butyl sealant for photovoltaic modules according to claim 1, characterized in that, The viscosity-average molecular weight of the polyisobutylene is 0.1 to 300,000.

4. The butyl sealant for photovoltaic modules according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tackifying resin includes any one or a combination of at least two of C5 petroleum resin, C9 petroleum resin, C5 / C9 petroleum resin, rosin resin, terpene resin or phenolic resin.

5. The butyl sealant for photovoltaic modules according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stabilizer comprises any one or a combination of at least two of the following: phenyl benzoate, 2-(2'-hydroxy-5'-methylphenyl)benzotriazole, 2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-n-octyloxybenzophenone, 2-(2'-hydroxy-3',5'-di-tert-phenyl)-5-chlorobenzotriazole, 1,3,5-trimethyl-2,4,6-tris(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)benzene, pentaerythritol diisodecyl diphosphite, or triethylene glycol bis-3-(3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)acrylonitrile.

6. The butyl sealant for photovoltaic modules according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sheet-like alumina is obtained by calcining aluminum sulfate, molten salt, and titanium dioxide.

7. The butyl sealant for photovoltaic modules according to claim 6, characterized in that, The calcination temperature is 900~1300℃.

8. The butyl sealant for photovoltaic modules according to claim 6, characterized in that, The calcination time is 4-8 hours.

9. The butyl sealant for photovoltaic modules according to claim 1, characterized in that, The raw materials for preparing the butyl sealant for photovoltaic modules also include 1 to 3 parts by weight of an adhesion promoter.

10. The butyl sealant for photovoltaic modules according to claim 9, characterized in that, The adhesion promoter includes any one or a combination of at least two of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, N-β-(aminoethyl)γ-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltris(methoxyethoxy)silane, vinyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltriethoxysilane, γ-ureapropyltriethoxysilane, or γ-ureapropyltrimethoxysilane.

11. The butyl sealant for photovoltaic modules according to claim 1, characterized in that, The raw materials for preparing the butyl sealant for photovoltaic modules also include 4 to 8 parts by weight of filler.

12. The butyl sealant for photovoltaic modules according to claim 11, characterized in that, The filler includes any one or a combination of at least two of the following: molecular sieve, silica powder, talc powder, mica powder, bentonite, calcium carbonate, titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, iron oxide, carbon black, aluminum hydroxide, or wollastonite.

13. A method for preparing a butyl sealant for photovoltaic modules as described in any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that, The preparation method includes: mixing butyl rubber and polyisobutylene in an intensive mixing process, adding tackifying resin, flake alumina and optionally filler and continuing to mix in an intensive mixing process, then adding stabilizer and optionally adhesion promoter and continuing to mix in an intensive mixing process to obtain the butyl sealant for photovoltaic modules.

14. The preparation method according to claim 13, characterized in that, The mixing time for butyl rubber and polyisobutylene is 1-2 hours.

15. The preparation method according to claim 13, characterized in that, The mixing temperature for mixing butyl rubber and polyisobutylene is 110~150℃.

16. The preparation method according to claim 13, characterized in that, The mixing time for adding tackifying resin, flake alumina and optional fillers is 1-2 hours.

17. The preparation method according to claim 13, characterized in that, The mixing temperature for adding tackifying resin, flake alumina, and optionally fillers and continuing the mixing process is 110~150℃.

18. The preparation method according to claim 13, characterized in that, The mixing temperature for adding stabilizers and optionally adhesive accelerators is 30~80℃.

19. The preparation method according to claim 13, characterized in that, The mixing time for adding stabilizers and optionally adhesive accelerators is 20-40 minutes.

20. The application of a butyl sealant for photovoltaic modules as described in any one of claims 1 to 12 in the encapsulation of heterojunction cells or perovskite cells.

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