A method for pond farming of grass shrimp

Abstract

This invention provides a pond culture method for grass shrimp, comprising the following steps: (I) After draining the water from the culture pond, cleaning, disinfecting, and sun-drying it, discharging it with seawater, planting aquatic plants, adjusting the water quality, and releasing grass shrimp larvae; (II) Feeding the shrimp with nutrient feed for the first 15 days of culture; feeding them with regular feed after 15 days of culture; releasing fish fry for polyculture after one month of culture; feeding them with enhanced feed after two months of culture until harvest; and spraying a compound disinfectant at a rate of 15-18 kg / mu every 12-15 days for disinfection. This invention, by using a compound disinfectant and combining it with a reasonable feed ratio, can effectively prevent grass shrimp from being infected by parasites and pathogens during the culture process. It can also increase the feeding rate of grass shrimp, effectively promote their growth, reduce the morbidity and mortality rates during the culture process, and improve the yield and quality of grass shrimp.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of aquaculture technology, and in particular to a method for pond culture of grass shrimp. Background Technology

[0002] Grass shrimp, named for their preference for inhabiting aquatic plants, are scientifically known as *Litopenaeus monodon*. They are a type of freshwater shrimp with high reproductive capacity, adaptability, rapid growth, and delicious meat, making them highly sought after due to their fast growth, high economic value, and low farming risk. However, grass shrimp farming is affected by factors such as light, water quality, and feed quality. Various pathogens and parasites can easily proliferate in the water, leading to disease, loss of appetite, lethargy, and even death, thus impacting the growth cycle and quality of the shrimp. Therefore, to reduce disease and mortality, frequent water changes or the introduction of various antibiotics to enhance disease resistance are often necessary. However, frequent water changes waste water resources, and the discharged wastewater requires treatment, increasing costs. Furthermore, the extensive use of antibiotics not only leaves drug residues in the shrimp's bodies, disrupting the balance of their gut microbiota and affecting their healthy growth, but also impacts water quality. Although some milder probiotic complexes have appeared on the market for use in shrimp farming to regulate water quality and improve shrimp immunity, their effects are often limited and require multiple applications to be effective, resulting in less than ideal results. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the present invention proposes a pond culture method for grass shrimp. This method does not use antibiotics, improves water quality while promoting the healthy growth of grass shrimp, reduces disease and mortality rates, and also increases the yield and quality of grass shrimp.

[0004] The technical solution of this invention is implemented as follows:

[0005] A method for pond culture of grass shrimp includes the following steps:

[0006] (a) After draining the water from the aquaculture pond, wash it 1-3 times, disinfect it with bleaching powder 2-4 times, and then expose it to the sun for 4-6 days. Then discharge it into the filtered aquaculture seawater, plant aquatic plants, adjust the water quality, and release grass shrimp larvae.

[0007] (II) For the first 15 days of rearing, feed the shrimp with a nutritional feed, which is 10-15% of the shrimp's body weight, and feed it 3-4 times. After 15 days of rearing, feed the shrimp with a daily feed, which is 6-8% of the shrimp's body weight, and feed it 2-3 times. After one month of rearing, introduce fish fry for polyculture. After two months of rearing, feed the shrimp with a supplementary feed until harvest, which is 15-16% of the shrimp's body weight, and feed it 4-5 times. Spray a compound disinfectant at 15-18 kg / mu every 12-15 days for disinfection. The compound disinfectant is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-19 parts of Polygonum cuspidatum, 14-18 parts of Houttuynia cordata, 12-16 parts of Portulaca oleracea, 10-15 parts of Poria cocos, 12-16 parts of Eucalyptus globulus, 7-14 parts of polyethylene glycol, and 10-14 parts of nano titanium dioxide powder.

[0008] Furthermore, in step (a), the bleaching powder contains 25-30 wt% available chlorine, and the spraying amount is 15-25 kg / mu; the aquatic plants include Elodea nuttallii, Hydrilla verticillata, and Alternaria alternifolia in an area ratio of (6-8):(6-8):1; the depth of the culture seawater in the pond is 1.0-1.6 cm; and the concentration of the culture seawater is 5‰-25‰.

[0009] Furthermore, in step (i), the water quality adjustment conditions are: pH 7-8, water temperature 20-28℃, dissolved oxygen ≥4mg / L, nitrite <0.3mg / L, ammonia nitrogen <0.6mg / L, and transparency 20-40cm; the shrimp fry stocking density is 20,000-30,000 shrimp / acre.

[0010] Furthermore, the preparation method of this composite disinfectant is as follows: Dry the following herbs in the sun: Polygonum cuspidatum, Houttuynia cordata, Portulaca oleracea, Poria cocos, and Eucalyptus leaves. Weigh and pulverize them. Soak them in water at a ratio of 1:(8-10) g / ml for 40-50 minutes. Boil over high heat for 1-2 minutes, then simmer over low heat for 50-60 minutes. Filter the solution. Add water to the residue at a ratio of 1:(6-8) g / ml and simmer for 30-50 minutes. Filter again. Combine all the filtrates and concentrate to 60-70 mg / ml. Add polyethylene glycol and nano-titanium dioxide powder and stir at 100-120 r / min to obtain the composite disinfectant.

[0011] Furthermore, in step (ii), the nutritional feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 18-20 parts fish meal, 9-13 parts bone meal, 8-12 parts extruded soybean meal, 12-15 parts wheat bran, 10-15 parts moringa leaf extract, 3-6 parts acerola cherry extract, 10-14 parts vegetable oil, 10-14 parts maifanite, 0.2-1.5 parts glutamic acid, 0.8-1.2 parts calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.1-0.5 parts lactic acid bacteria powder, 0.5-0.8 parts binder, and 15-20 parts water.

[0012] Furthermore, in step (ii), the daily feed comprises the following ingredients in parts by weight: 18-20 parts fish meal, 15-18 parts artemia powder, 12-16 parts wheat bran, 7-11 parts ellagic acid, 6-13 parts milk thistle seed oil, 12-16 parts moringa leaf extract, 3-7 parts acerola cherry extract, 3-6 parts andrographis paniculata extract, 4-7 parts bupleurum extract, 3-7 parts houttuynia cordata extract, 3-6 parts honeysuckle extract, 10-15 parts maifanite, 0.2-1.4 parts glutamic acid, 1.0-1.5 parts calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.2-0.6 parts lactic acid bacteria powder, 0.7-1.0 parts binder, and 16-22 parts water.

[0013] Furthermore, in step (ii), the enhanced feed comprises the following ingredients in parts by weight: 16-20 parts fish meal, 14-17 parts soybean meal, 16-20 parts wheat bran, 7-12 parts ellagic acid, 8-15 parts milk thistle seed oil, 12-16 parts moringa leaf extract, 4-8 parts acerola cherry extract, 3-6 parts andrographis paniculata extract, 2-5 parts aloe polysaccharide, 5-8 parts bupleurum extract, 3-6 parts poplar flower extract, 3-7 parts houttuynia cordata extract, and honeysuckle. The extract consists of 3-6 parts, maifanite 12-16 parts, glutamic acid 0.3-1.5 parts, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 1.0-1.5 parts, compound microbial agent 0.3-0.7 parts, binder 0.8-1.2 parts, and water 18-20 parts; the compound microbial agent is obtained by mixing lactic acid bacteria powder, Bacillus subtilis powder, Bacillus pumilus powder, and Bacillus licheniformis powder in a mass ratio of (3-5):(2-3):(1-3):(1-3).

[0014] Furthermore, the nutritional feed, daily feed, and fortified feed are obtained by granulating the raw materials after mixing them.

[0015] Furthermore, the adhesive includes one or a combination of two of carboxymethyl cellulose and polycarboxymethyl urea.

[0016] Furthermore, in step (ii), the fish fry are one or a combination of tilapia and yellow catfish; the stocking density of the fish fry is 50-100 fish / acre.

[0017] Furthermore, the juvenile grass shrimp are harvested after being cultured for 4 to 6 months.

[0018] Furthermore, the lactic acid bacteria powder of the present invention is selected from lactic acid bacteria products produced by Cangzhou Oriental Veterinary Medicine Co., Ltd., with an effective live bacteria count of ≥20 billion / g.

[0019] Furthermore, the Bacillus subtilis powder of the present invention is selected from Bacillus subtilis products produced by Jinan Binhai Trade Co., Ltd., with an effective live bacteria count ≥100 billion / g.

[0020] Furthermore, the Bacillus pumilus powder of the present invention is selected from Bacillus pumilus products produced by Yihao Biotechnology Co., Ltd., with an effective live bacteria count ≥10 billion / g.

[0021] Furthermore, the Bacillus licheniformis powder of the present invention is selected from Bacillus licheniformis products produced by Yihao Biotechnology Co., Ltd., with an effective live bacteria count of ≥100 billion / g.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0023] (1) By using compound disinfectant and combining it with reasonable feed ratio in the breeding process, this invention can effectively prevent grass shrimp from being infected by parasites and pathogens during the breeding process. At the same time, it can improve the feeding rate of grass shrimp, effectively promote the growth of grass shrimp, reduce the disease and mortality rate of grass shrimp during the breeding process, and improve the breeding yield and quality of grass shrimp.

[0024] (2) In the process of breeding, the present invention introduces fish for polyculture. The polycultured fish can eat the remaining feed in the pond, which can effectively improve the feed utilization efficiency and improve the water quality of the breeding pond, reducing the frequency of drainage and water exchange.

[0025] (3) The compound disinfectant of the present invention uses a combination of relatively mild ingredients such as Polygonum cuspidatum, Houttuynia cordata, Portulaca oleracea, Poria cocos, Eucalyptus leaves and nano titanium dioxide. After use, it can effectively kill bacteria, fungi and other pests in the pond, and at the same time purify pollutants in the water and reduce the frequency of water changes.

[0026] (4) The present invention can improve the feeding rate of grass shrimp by using feed in combination at different growth stages, promote the growth of grass shrimp, improve the resistance of grass shrimp to diseases and pests, and reduce the infection of parasites during the breeding process.

[0027] (5) The nutritional feed of this invention provides protein nutrients to grass shrimp through the synergistic effect of fish meal, bone meal, extruded soybean meal, moringa leaf extract, and glutamic acid. Wheat bran provides fiber nutrients. In addition, glutamic acid can protect the liver of grass shrimp and promote digestion, thus promoting the grass shrimp's feeding and absorption of feed. Lactic acid bacteria powder can promote the growth and development of grass shrimp, and at the same time improve the water quality and enhance its stability in ponds.

[0028] (6) The daily feed of the present invention uses fish meal, artemia powder and moringa extract in synergy to provide protein substances for the growth of grass shrimp. In addition, it contains ellagic acid, milk thistle seed oil, andrographis paniculata extract, bupleurum extract, houttuynia cordata extract, honeysuckle extract, lactic acid bacteria powder, maifanite and other ingredients. Their synergistic effect can effectively improve the intestinal environment of grass shrimp, inhibit the reproduction and growth of harmful bacteria, and also play a certain role in clearing heat and detoxifying, protecting the liver and pancreas, strengthening the spleen and promoting digestion, enhancing its immunity and resistance, thereby reducing mortality and morbidity. In addition, it can also regulate the ecological balance of the water body, improve water quality, reduce parasitic infection of grass shrimp, and promote the healthy growth of grass shrimp from the inside out.

[0029] (7) The enhanced feed of the present invention can better meet the nutritional needs of grass shrimp and polyculture fish by adjusting the content ratio of each component in the feed, thereby effectively improving their immunity and resistance, reducing mortality and disease rate, increasing aquaculture yield and quality, and also effectively reducing the growth of pathogenic bacteria in the water, with good effect. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To better understand the technical content of this invention, specific embodiments are provided below to further illustrate the invention.

[0031] Unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods used in the embodiments of this invention are all conventional methods.

[0032] Unless otherwise specified, all materials and reagents used in the embodiments of this invention are commercially available.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] The compound disinfectant is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 16 parts Polygonum cuspidatum, 17 parts Houttuynia cordata, 13 parts Portulaca oleracea, 14 parts Poria cocos, 13 parts Eucalyptus leaves, 10 parts polyethylene glycol, and 11 parts nano titanium dioxide powder.

[0035] The preparation method of this composite disinfectant is as follows: after drying Polygonum cuspidatum, Houttuynia cordata, Portulaca oleracea, Poria cocos, and Eucalyptus leaves, weigh and crush them. Soak them in water at a ratio of 1:9 g / ml for 45 minutes, boil them over high heat for 1.5 minutes, then simmer them over low heat for 55 minutes. Filter them, add water to the residue at a ratio of 1:8 g / ml and simmer for 45 minutes. Filter them again, combine all the filtrates, concentrate them to 65 mg / ml, add polyethylene glycol and nano-titanium dioxide powder, and stir and mix them at 110 r / min to obtain the composite disinfectant.

[0036] The nutritional feed comprises the following ingredients in parts by weight: 19 parts fish meal, 10 parts bone meal, 9 parts extruded soybean meal, 14 parts wheat bran, 11 parts moringa leaf extract, 4 parts acerola cherry extract, 12 parts vegetable oil, 11 parts maifanite, 0.8 parts glutamic acid, 1 part calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.4 parts lactic acid bacteria powder, 0.7 parts polycarboxymethyl urea binder, and 17 parts water.

[0037] The daily feed comprises the following ingredients in parts by weight: 20 parts fish meal, 17 parts artemia powder, 13 parts wheat bran, 8 parts ellagic acid, 10 parts milk thistle seed oil, 14 parts moringa leaf extract, 5 parts acerola cherry extract, 5 parts andrographis paniculata extract, 6 parts bupleurum extract, 4 parts houttuynia cordata extract, 5 parts honeysuckle extract, 13 parts maifanite, 1.0 part glutamic acid, 1.3 parts calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.4 parts lactic acid bacteria powder, 0.9 parts polycarboxymethyl urea binder, and 18 parts water.

[0038] The enhanced feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 19 parts fish meal, 15 parts soybean meal, 19 parts wheat bran, 11 parts ellagic acid, 13 parts milk thistle seed oil, 13 parts moringa leaf extract, 6 parts acerola cherry extract, 4 parts andrographis paniculata extract, 3 parts aloe polysaccharide, 6 parts bupleurum extract, 5 parts poplar flower extract, 5 parts houttuynia cordata extract, 4 parts honeysuckle extract, 13 parts maifanite, 1.3 parts glutamic acid, 1.2 parts calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.6 parts compound microbial agent, 1.1 parts polycarboxymethyl urea binder, and 19 parts water; the compound microbial agent comprises lactic acid bacteria powder, Bacillus subtilis powder, Bacillus pumilus powder, and Bacillus licheniformis powder mixed in a mass ratio of 4:3:2:1.

[0039] The pond culture method for grass shrimp includes the following steps:

[0040] (i) After draining the water from the aquaculture pond, wash it twice, spray it with bleaching powder containing 28wt% available chlorine at 22kg / mu for disinfection three times, and then expose it to the sun for 5 days. Then discharge it into the filtered aquaculture seawater with a seawater concentration of 20‰ and a depth of 1.2cm. Plant Elodea, Hydrilla verticillata and Alternaria oleracea in a planting area ratio of 7:6:1. Adjust the water quality to make the pH 7, water temperature 22℃, dissolved oxygen ≥4mg / L, nitrite <0.3mg / L, ammonia nitrogen <0.6mg / L, and transparency 35cm. Stock the juvenile grass shrimp at a density of 22,000 shrimp / mu.

[0041] (II) For the first 15 days of rearing, feed the shrimp with a nutritional feed, which accounts for 14% of their body weight, divided into three feedings (first feeding at 8:00 AM, second feeding at 12:00 PM, and third feeding at 6:00 PM). After 15 days of rearing, feed the shrimp with a daily feed, which accounts for 7% of their body weight, divided into three feedings (first feeding at 8:00 AM, second feeding at 12:00 PM, and third feeding at 6:00 PM). Feeding); After one month of rearing, stock with tilapia fry at a density of 100 fry / acre for polyculture; After two months of rearing, feed with enhanced feed until harvest. The enhanced feed is 15% of the prawn's body weight and is fed in 5 times (first feeding at 8:00 am, second feeding at 11:00 am, third feeding at 4:00 pm, fourth feeding at 6:00 pm, and fifth feeding at 9:00 pm); Spray with compound disinfectant at 17 kg / acre every 14 days for disinfection.

[0042] Example 2

[0043] The compound disinfectant is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 18 parts Polygonum cuspidatum, 15 parts Houttuynia cordata, 15 parts Portulaca oleracea, 12 parts Poria cocos, 15 parts Eucalyptus leaves, 13 parts polyethylene glycol, and 12 parts nano titanium dioxide powder.

[0044] The preparation method of this composite disinfectant is as follows: after drying Polygonum cuspidatum, Houttuynia cordata, Portulaca oleracea, Poria cocos, and Eucalyptus leaves, weigh and crush them. Soak them in water at a ratio of 1:8 g / ml for 40 minutes, boil them over high heat for 2 minutes, then simmer them over low heat for 58 minutes. Filter them, add water to the residue at a ratio of 1:7 g / ml and simmer for 42 minutes. Filter them again, combine all the filtrates, concentrate them to 63 mg / ml, add polyethylene glycol and nano-titanium dioxide powder, and stir and mix them at 105 r / min to obtain the composite disinfectant.

[0045] The nutritional feed comprises the following ingredients in parts by weight: 18 parts fish meal, 12 parts bone meal, 11 parts extruded soybean meal, 13 parts wheat bran, 14 parts moringa leaf extract, 5 parts acerola cherry extract, 13 parts vegetable oil, 12 parts maifanite, 0.5 parts glutamic acid, 0.9 parts calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.3 parts lactic acid bacteria powder, 0.6 parts carboxymethyl cellulose binder, and 19 parts water.

[0046] The daily feed comprises the following ingredients in parts by weight: 19 parts fish meal, 16 parts artemia powder, 15 parts wheat bran, 9 parts ellagic acid, 8 parts milk thistle seed oil, 13 parts moringa leaf extract, 6 parts acerola cherry extract, 4 parts andrographis paniculata extract, 5 parts bupleurum extract, 6 parts houttuynia cordata extract, 4 parts honeysuckle extract, 12 parts maifanite, 0.7 parts glutamic acid, 1.2 parts calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.5 parts lactic acid bacteria powder, 0.8 parts carboxymethyl cellulose binder, and 20 parts water.

[0047] The enhanced feed comprises the following ingredients in parts by weight: 17 parts fish meal, 16 parts soybean meal, 17 parts wheat bran, 8 parts ellagic acid, 10 parts milk thistle seed oil, 14 parts moringa leaf extract, 5 parts acerola cherry extract, 5 parts andrographis paniculata extract, 4 parts aloe polysaccharide, 7 parts bupleurum extract, 4 parts poplar flower extract, 6 parts houttuynia cordata extract, 5 parts honeysuckle extract, 14 parts maifanite, 0.9 parts glutamic acid, 1.3 parts calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.5 parts compound microbial agent, 1 part carboxymethyl cellulose binder, and 20 parts water; the compound microbial agent comprises lactic acid bacteria powder, Bacillus subtilis powder, Bacillus pumilus powder, and Bacillus licheniformis powder mixed in a mass ratio of 5:2:1:3.

[0048] The pond culture method for grass shrimp includes the following steps:

[0049] (i) After draining the water from the aquaculture pond, wash it three times, spray it twice with bleaching powder containing 26wt% available chlorine at a rate of 20kg / mu, and then expose it to the sun for four days. Then discharge it into the filtered aquaculture seawater with a concentration of 18‰ and a depth of 1.4cm. Plant Elodea, Hydrilla verticillata and Alternaria oleracea in an area ratio of 8:7:1. Adjust the water quality to make the pH 8, water temperature 25℃, dissolved oxygen ≥4mg / L, nitrite <0.3mg / L, ammonia nitrogen <0.6mg / L, and transparency 25cm. Stock the juvenile grass shrimp at a density of 25,000 shrimp / mu.

[0050] (II) For the first 15 days of rearing, feed the shrimp with a nutritional feed at a rate of 12% of their body weight, divided into four feedings (first feeding at 8:00 AM, second feeding at 11:00 AM, third feeding at 4:00 PM, and fourth feeding at 6:00 PM). After 15 days of rearing, feed the shrimp with a daily feed at a rate of 8% of their body weight, divided into two feedings (first feeding at 9:00 AM and second feeding at 2:00 PM). After one month of rearing, stock the shrimp with tilapia fry at a density of 90 shrimp / acre for polyculture. After two months of rearing, feed the shrimp with a booster feed until harvest, at a rate of 16% of their body weight, divided into four feedings (first feeding at 8:00 AM, second feeding at 12:00 PM, third feeding at 6:00 PM, and fourth feeding at 9:00 PM). Every 13 days, spray 16 kg / acre of compound disinfectant for disinfection.

[0051] Example 3

[0052] The compound disinfectant is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 19 parts Polygonum cuspidatum, 18 parts Houttuynia cordata, 16 parts Portulaca oleracea, 15 parts Poria cocos, 16 parts Eucalyptus leaves, 14 parts polyethylene glycol, and 14 parts nano titanium dioxide powder.

[0053] The preparation method of this composite disinfectant is as follows: after drying Polygonum cuspidatum, Houttuynia cordata, Portulaca oleracea, Poria cocos, and Eucalyptus leaves, weigh and crush them. Soak them in water at a ratio of 1:10 g / ml for 50 minutes, boil them over high heat for 2 minutes, then simmer them over low heat for 60 minutes. Filter them, add water to the residue at a ratio of 1:8 g / ml and simmer for 50 minutes. Filter them again, combine all the filtrates, concentrate them to 70 mg / ml, add polyethylene glycol and nano-titanium dioxide powder, and stir and mix them at 120 r / min to obtain the composite disinfectant.

[0054] The nutritional feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts fish meal, 13 parts bone meal, 12 parts extruded soybean meal, 15 parts wheat bran, 15 parts moringa leaf extract, 6 parts acerola cherry extract, 14 parts vegetable oil, 14 parts maifanite, 1.5 parts glutamic acid, 1.2 parts calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.5 parts lactic acid bacteria powder, 0.8 parts binder composed of carboxymethyl cellulose and polycarboxymethyl urea in a mass ratio of 1:3, and 20 parts water;

[0055] The daily feed comprises the following ingredients in parts by weight: 20 parts fish meal, 18 parts artemia powder, 16 parts wheat bran, 11 parts ellagic acid, 13 parts milk thistle seed oil, 16 parts moringa leaf extract, 7 parts acerola cherry extract, 6 parts andrographis paniculata extract, 7 parts bupleurum extract, 7 parts houttuynia cordata extract, 6 parts honeysuckle extract, 15 parts maifanite, 1.4 parts glutamic acid, 1.5 parts calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.6 parts lactic acid bacteria powder, 1.0 part binder composed of carboxymethyl cellulose and polycarboxymethyl urea in a mass ratio of 1:3, and 22 parts water.

[0056] The enhanced feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts fish meal, 17 parts soybean meal, 20 parts wheat bran, 12 parts ellagic acid, 15 parts milk thistle seed oil, 16 parts moringa leaf extract, 8 parts acerola cherry extract, 6 parts andrographis paniculata extract, 5 parts aloe polysaccharide, 8 parts bupleurum extract, 6 parts poplar flower extract, 7 parts houttuynia cordata extract, 6 parts honeysuckle extract, 16 parts maifanite, 1.5 parts glutamic acid, 1.5 parts calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.7 parts compound microbial agent, 1.2 parts binder composed of carboxymethyl cellulose and polycarboxymethyl urea in a mass ratio of 1:3, and 20 parts water; the compound microbial agent comprises lactic acid bacteria powder, Bacillus subtilis powder, Bacillus pumilus powder, and Bacillus licheniformis powder mixed in a mass ratio of 5:3:3:3.

[0057] The pond culture method for grass shrimp includes the following steps:

[0058] (i) After draining the water from the aquaculture pond, wash it 3 times, spray it with bleaching powder containing 30wt% available chlorine at 25kg / mu for disinfection 4 times, and expose it to the sun for 6 days. Then discharge it into the filtered aquaculture seawater with a seawater concentration of 25‰ and a depth of 1.6cm. Plant Elodea, Hydrilla verticillata and Alternaria oleracea in an area ratio of 8:8:1. Adjust the water quality to make the pH 8, water temperature 28℃, dissolved oxygen ≥4mg / L, nitrite <0.3mg / L, ammonia nitrogen <0.6mg / L, and transparency 40cm. Stock the juvenile grass shrimp at a density of 30,000 shrimp / mu.

[0059] (II) For the first 15 days of rearing, feed the shrimp with a nutritional feed, which accounts for 15% of their body weight and is given in four feedings (the first feeding at 8:00 AM, the second at 11:00 AM, the third at 4:00 PM, and the fourth at 6:00 PM). After 15 days of rearing, feed the shrimp with a daily feed, which accounts for 8% of their body weight and is given in three feedings (the first feeding at 8:00 AM, the second at 12:00 PM, and the fourth at 6:00 PM). 00 (the third feeding is carried out); after one month of breeding, yellow catfish fry are introduced at a density of 60 fish / mu for mixed culture; after two months of breeding, enhanced feed is fed until harvest, the amount of enhanced feed is 16% of the body weight of the grass shrimp, and it is fed in 5 times (the first feeding is carried out at 8:00 am, the second feeding is carried out at 11:00 am, the third feeding is carried out at 16:00 pm, the fourth feeding is carried out at 18:00 pm, and the fifth feeding is carried out at 21:00 pm); every 15 days, 18 kg / mu of compound disinfectant is sprayed for disinfection.

[0060] Example 4

[0061] The compound disinfectant is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15 parts Polygonum cuspidatum, 14 parts Houttuynia cordata, 12 parts Portulaca oleracea, 10 parts Poria cocos, 12 parts Eucalyptus leaves, 7 parts polyethylene glycol, and 10 parts nano titanium dioxide powder.

[0062] The preparation method of this composite disinfectant is as follows: after drying Polygonum cuspidatum, Houttuynia cordata, Portulaca oleracea, Poria cocos, and Eucalyptus leaves, weigh and crush them. Soak them in water at a ratio of 1:8 g / ml for 40 minutes, boil them over high heat for 1 minute, then simmer them over low heat for 50 minutes. Filter them, add water to the residue at a ratio of 1:6 g / ml and simmer for 30 minutes. Filter them again, combine all the filtrates, concentrate them to 60 mg / ml, add polyethylene glycol and nano-titanium dioxide powder, and stir and mix them at 100 r / min to obtain the composite disinfectant.

[0063] The nutritional feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 18 parts fish meal, 9 parts bone meal, 8 parts extruded soybean meal, 12 parts wheat bran, 10 parts moringa leaf extract, 3 parts acerola cherry extract, 10 parts vegetable oil, 10 parts maifanite, 0.2 parts glutamic acid, 0.8 parts calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.1 parts lactic acid bacteria powder, 0.5 parts binder composed of carboxymethyl cellulose and polycarboxymethyl urea in a mass ratio of 1:1, and 15 parts water;

[0064] The daily feed comprises the following ingredients in parts by weight: 18 parts fish meal, 15 parts artemia powder, 12 parts wheat bran, 7 parts ellagic acid, 6 parts milk thistle seed oil, 12 parts moringa leaf extract, 3 parts acerola cherry extract, 3 parts andrographis paniculata extract, 4 parts bupleurum extract, 3 parts houttuynia cordata extract, 3 parts honeysuckle extract, 10 parts maifanite, 0.2 parts glutamic acid, 1.0 part calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.2 parts lactic acid bacteria powder, 0.7 parts binder composed of carboxymethyl cellulose and polycarboxymethyl urea in a mass ratio of 1:1, and 16 parts water;

[0065] The enhanced feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 16 parts fish meal, 14 parts soybean meal, 16 parts wheat bran, 7 parts ellagic acid, 8 parts milk thistle seed oil, 12 parts moringa leaf extract, 4 parts acerola cherry extract, 3 parts andrographis paniculata extract, 2 parts aloe polysaccharide, 5 parts bupleurum extract, 3 parts poplar flower extract, 3 parts houttuynia cordata extract, 3 parts honeysuckle extract, 12 parts maifanite, 0.3 parts glutamic acid, 1.0 part calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.3 parts compound microbial agent, 0.8 parts binder composed of carboxymethyl cellulose and polycarboxymethyl urea in a mass ratio of 1:1, and 18 parts water; the compound microbial agent comprises lactic acid bacteria powder, Bacillus subtilis powder, Bacillus pumilus powder, and Bacillus licheniformis powder mixed in a mass ratio of 3:2:1:1.

[0066] The pond culture method for grass shrimp includes the following steps:

[0067] (i) After draining the water from the aquaculture pond, wash it three times, spray it twice with bleaching powder containing 25wt% available chlorine at 15kg / mu, and then expose it to the sun for four days. Then discharge it into the filtered aquaculture seawater with a seawater concentration of 5‰ and a depth of 1.0cm. Plant Elodea, Hydrilla verticillata and Alternaria oleracea in a planting area ratio of 6:6:1. Adjust the water quality to make the pH 7, water temperature 20℃, dissolved oxygen ≥4mg / L, nitrite <0.3mg / L, ammonia nitrogen <0.6mg / L, and transparency 20cm. Stock the juvenile grass shrimp at a density of 20,000 shrimp / mu.

[0068] (II) For the first 15 days of rearing, feed the shrimp with a nutritional feed, which is 10% of the shrimp's body weight, and feed it three times a day (the first feeding at 8:00 am, the second feeding at 12:00 pm, and the third feeding at 6:00 pm). After 15 days of rearing, feed the shrimp with a daily feed, which is 6% of the shrimp's body weight, and feed it twice a day (the first feeding at 9:00 am and the second feeding at 2:00 pm). After one month of rearing, stock the shrimp with yellow catfish fry at a density of 50 shrimp / acre for mixed rearing. After two months of rearing, feed the shrimp with a booster feed until harvest, which is 15% of the shrimp's body weight, and feed it four times a day (the first feeding at 8:00 am, the second feeding at 12:00 pm, the third feeding at 6:00 pm, and the fourth feeding at 9:00 pm). Spray 15 kg / acre of compound disinfectant every 12 days for disinfection.

[0069] Comparative Example 1

[0070] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that this comparative example does not use a compound disinfectant for disinfection. Everything else is the same as Example 1.

[0071] The nutritional feed comprises the following ingredients in parts by weight: 19 parts fish meal, 10 parts bone meal, 9 parts extruded soybean meal, 14 parts wheat bran, 11 parts moringa leaf extract, 4 parts acerola cherry extract, 12 parts vegetable oil, 11 parts maifanite, 0.8 parts glutamic acid, 1 part calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.4 parts lactic acid bacteria powder, 0.7 parts polycarboxymethyl urea binder, and 17 parts water.

[0072] The daily feed comprises the following ingredients in parts by weight: 20 parts fish meal, 17 parts artemia powder, 13 parts wheat bran, 8 parts ellagic acid, 10 parts milk thistle seed oil, 14 parts moringa leaf extract, 5 parts acerola cherry extract, 5 parts andrographis paniculata extract, 6 parts bupleurum extract, 4 parts houttuynia cordata extract, 5 parts honeysuckle extract, 13 parts maifanite, 1.0 part glutamic acid, 1.3 parts calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.4 parts lactic acid bacteria powder, 0.9 parts polycarboxymethyl urea binder, and 18 parts water.

[0073] The enhanced feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 19 parts fish meal, 15 parts soybean meal, 19 parts wheat bran, 11 parts ellagic acid, 13 parts milk thistle seed oil, 13 parts moringa leaf extract, 6 parts acerola cherry extract, 4 parts andrographis paniculata extract, 3 parts aloe polysaccharide, 6 parts bupleurum extract, 5 parts poplar flower extract, 5 parts houttuynia cordata extract, 4 parts honeysuckle extract, 13 parts maifanite, 1.3 parts glutamic acid, 1.2 parts calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.6 parts compound microbial agent, 1.1 parts polycarboxymethyl urea binder, and 19 parts water; the compound microbial agent comprises lactic acid bacteria powder, Bacillus subtilis powder, Bacillus pumilus powder, and Bacillus licheniformis powder mixed in a mass ratio of 4:3:2:1.

[0074] The pond culture method for grass shrimp includes the following steps:

[0075] (i) After draining the water from the aquaculture pond, wash it twice, spray it with bleaching powder containing 28wt% available chlorine at 22kg / mu for disinfection three times, and then expose it to the sun for 5 days. Then discharge it into the filtered aquaculture seawater with a seawater concentration of 20‰ and a depth of 1.2cm. Plant Elodea, Hydrilla verticillata and Alternaria oleracea in a planting area ratio of 7:6:1. Adjust the water quality to make the pH 7, water temperature 22℃, dissolved oxygen ≥4mg / L, nitrite <0.3mg / L, ammonia nitrogen <0.6mg / L, and transparency 35cm. Stock the juvenile grass shrimp at a density of 22,000 shrimp / mu.

[0076] (II) For the first 15 days of rearing, feed the shrimp with a nutritional feed amount of 14% of their body weight, divided into 3 feedings (first feeding at 8:00 am, second feeding at 12:00 pm, and third feeding at 6:00 pm). After 15 days of rearing, feed the shrimp with a daily feed amount of 7% of their body weight, divided into 3 feedings (first feeding at 8:00 am, second feeding at 12:00 pm, and third feeding at 6:00 pm). After 1 month of rearing, stock the shrimp with tilapia fry at a density of 100 shrimp / acre for polyculture. After 2 months of rearing, feed the shrimp with a booster feed until harvest, with the booster feed amount of 15% of their body weight, divided into 5 feedings (first feeding at 8:00 am, second feeding at 11:00 am, third feeding at 4:00 pm, fourth feeding at 6:00 pm, and fifth feeding at 9:00 pm).

[0077] Comparative Example 2

[0078] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the raw material ratio and preparation method of the composite disinfectant are different. Everything else is the same as in Example 1.

[0079] The compound disinfectant is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 16 parts Polygonum cuspidatum, 17 parts Houttuynia cordata, 13 parts Portulaca oleracea, 14 parts Poria cocos, and 13 parts Eucalyptus leaves.

[0080] The preparation method of this compound disinfectant is as follows: after drying Polygonum cuspidatum, Houttuynia cordata, Portulaca oleracea, Poria cocos, and Eucalyptus leaves, weigh and crush them. Soak them in water at a ratio of 1:9 g / ml for 45 minutes, boil them over high heat for 1.5 minutes, then simmer them over low heat for 55 minutes. Filter the solution, add water to the residue at a ratio of 1:8 g / ml and simmer for 45 minutes. Filter the solution again, combine all the filtrates, and concentrate them to 65 mg / ml to obtain the compound disinfectant.

[0081] Comparative Example 3

[0082] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the nutritional feed does not contain Moringa leaf extract, acerola cherry extract, maifanite, glutamic acid, or lactic acid bacteria powder. Everything else is the same as in Example 1.

[0083] The nutritional feed comprises the following ingredients in parts by weight: 25 parts fish meal, 3 parts bone meal, 9 parts extruded soybean meal, 14 parts wheat bran, 6 parts vegetable oil, 1 part calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.7 parts polycarboxymethyl urea binder, and 10 parts water.

[0084] Comparative Example 4

[0085] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the daily feed does not contain ellagic acid, milk thistle seed oil, andrographis paniculata extract, bupleurum extract, houttuynia cordata extract, or honeysuckle extract. Everything else is the same as in Example 1.

[0086] The daily feed comprises the following ingredients in parts by weight: 20 parts fish meal, 17 parts artemia powder, 13 parts wheat bran, 14 parts moringa leaf extract, 5 parts acerola cherry extract, 13 parts maifanite, 1.0 part glutamic acid, 1.3 parts calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.4 parts lactic acid bacteria powder, 0.9 parts polycarboxymethyl urea binder, and 18 parts water.

[0087] Comparative Example 5

[0088] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the feed ingredients do not contain Andrographis paniculata extract, aloe polysaccharide, Bupleurum chinense extract, poplar flower extract, Houttuynia cordata extract, honeysuckle extract, or compound microbial inoculant. Everything else is the same as in Example 1.

[0089] The enhanced feed comprises the following ingredients in parts by weight: 19 parts fish meal, 15 parts soybean meal, 19 parts wheat bran, 11 parts ellagic acid, 13 parts milk thistle seed oil, 13 parts moringa leaf extract, 6 parts acerola cherry extract, 13 parts maifanite, 1.3 parts glutamic acid, 1.2 parts calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 1.1 parts polycarboxymethyl urea binder, and 19 parts water.

[0090] Comparative Example 6

[0091] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the composition of the nutritional feed, daily feed, and enhanced feed are the same. The feed composition is 35 parts fish meal, 15 parts soybean meal, 23 parts wheat bran, 5 parts bone meal, 1 part calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 1.0 part binder, and 18 parts water.

[0092] The aquaculture methods of Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-6 of this invention were used in pond culture experiments in corresponding groups. Each group was cultured in 5 mu (approximately 0.33 hectares). After 3 months of culture, the shrimp were harvested, and the survival rate was recorded. 100 shrimp were randomly selected from each group for weight testing. Then, 20 shrimp were randomly selected from each group, and their gills were examined under a microscope to observe the number of parasites. Additionally, 20 grass shrimp from each group of Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-6 were randomly selected to test the crude protein and crude fat content. The average value of the test results was taken.

[0093] Survival rate (%) = (Number of fish caught / Number of fry released) × 100%

[0094] The crude protein content was determined according to the Kjeldahl method in GB 5009.5-2016 National Food Safety Standard for Determination of Protein in Food; the crude fat content was determined according to the Soxhlet extraction method in GB 5009.6-2016 National Food Safety Standard for Determination of Fat in Food. The test results are shown in the table below.

[0095]

[0096]

[0097] The above results indicate that the farming methods described in Examples 1-4 of this invention enable grass shrimp to grow healthily during the farming process, with a high survival rate and optimal average weight. They also effectively reduce parasitic infections and generally increase the protein content of the grass shrimp after farming. The combination of the compound disinfectant and a scientifically formulated feed plays a significant role in promoting the healthy growth and improving the quality of grass shrimp. Comparative Examples 1-6 show that the absence of a compound disinfectant, an unreasonable ratio of the compound disinfectant, and unscientific feed formulations at different growth stages all have a significant impact on the growth status and quality of grass shrimp.

[0098] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for pond culture of grass shrimp, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (a) After draining the water from the aquaculture pond, wash it 1-3 times, disinfect it with bleaching powder 2-4 times, expose it to the sun for 4-6 days, drain it into filtered aquaculture seawater, plant aquatic plants, adjust the water quality, and release grass shrimp larvae. (II) For the first 15 days of rearing, feed the shrimp with a nutritional feed, which is 10-15% of the shrimp's body weight, and feed it 3-4 times. After 15 days of rearing, feed the shrimp with a daily feed, which is 6-8% of the shrimp's body weight, and feed it 2-3 times. After one month of rearing, introduce fish fry for polyculture. After two months of rearing, feed the shrimp with a supplementary feed until harvest, which is 15-16% of the shrimp's body weight, and feed it 4-5 times. Spray a compound disinfectant at 15-18 kg / mu every 12-15 days for disinfection. The compound disinfectant is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-19 parts of Polygonum cuspidatum, 14-18 parts of Houttuynia cordata, 12-16 parts of Portulaca oleracea, 10-15 parts of Poria cocos, 12-16 parts of Eucalyptus globulus, 7-14 parts of polyethylene glycol, and 10-14 parts of nano titanium dioxide powder. The nutritional feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 18-20 parts fish meal, 9-13 parts bone meal, 8-12 parts extruded soybean meal, 12-15 parts wheat bran, 10-15 parts moringa leaf extract, 3-6 parts acerola cherry extract, 10-14 parts vegetable oil, 10-14 parts maifanite, 0.2-1.5 parts glutamic acid, 0.8-1.2 parts calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.1-0.5 parts lactic acid bacteria powder, 0.5-0.8 parts binder, and 15-20 parts water; The daily feed comprises the following ingredients in parts by weight: 18-20 parts fish meal, 15-18 parts artemia powder, 12-16 parts wheat bran, 7-11 parts ellagic acid, 6-13 parts milk thistle seed oil, 12-16 parts moringa leaf extract, 3-7 parts acerola cherry extract, 3-6 parts andrographis paniculata extract, 4-7 parts bupleurum extract, 3-7 parts houttuynia cordata extract, 3-6 parts honeysuckle extract, 10-15 parts maifanite, 0.2-1.4 parts glutamic acid, 1.0-1.5 parts calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.2-0.6 parts lactic acid bacteria powder, 0.7-1.0 parts binder, and 16-22 parts water; The enhanced feed comprises the following ingredients in parts by weight: 16-20 parts fish meal, 14-17 parts soybean meal, 16-20 parts wheat bran, 7-12 parts ellagic acid, 8-15 parts milk thistle seed oil, 12-16 parts moringa leaf extract, 4-8 parts acerola cherry extract, 3-6 parts andrographis paniculata extract, 2-5 parts aloe polysaccharide, 5-8 parts bupleurum extract, 3-6 parts poplar flower extract, 3-7 parts houttuynia cordata extract, 3-6 parts honeysuckle extract, 12-16 parts maifanite, 0.3-1.5 parts glutamic acid, 1.0-1.5 parts calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.3-0.7 parts compound microbial agent, 0.8-1.2 parts binder, and 18-20 parts water.

2. The pond culture method for grass shrimp according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (1), the bleaching powder contains 25-30 wt% available chlorine and is sprayed at a rate of 15-25 kg / mu; the aquatic plants include Elodea nuttallii, Hydrilla verticillata, and Alternaria alternifolia with an area ratio of (6-8):(6-8):1; the depth of the seawater in the pond is 1.0-1.6 cm; and the concentration of the seawater is 5‰-25‰.

3. The pond culture method for grass shrimp according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (1), the water quality conditions are adjusted as follows: pH 7-8, water temperature 20-28℃, dissolved oxygen ≥4mg / L, nitrite <0.3mg / L, ammonia nitrogen <0.6mg / L, and transparency 20-40cm; the stocking density of the grass shrimp larvae is 20,000-30,000 per mu.

4. The pond culture method for grass shrimp according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation method of this compound disinfectant is as follows: After drying Polygonum cuspidatum, Houttuynia cordata, Portulaca oleracea, Poria cocos, and Eucalyptus leaves, weigh and crush them. Soak them in water at a ratio of 1:(8~10) g / ml for 40~50 minutes, boil them over high heat for 1~2 minutes, then simmer them over low heat for 50~60 minutes. Filter them, add water to the residue at a ratio of 1:(6~8) g / ml and simmer for 30~50 minutes. Filter them again, combine all the filtrates, concentrate them to 60~70 mg / ml, add polyethylene glycol and nano titanium dioxide powder, and stir and mix them at a speed of 100~120 r / min to obtain the compound disinfectant.

5. The pond culture method for grass shrimp according to claim 1, characterized in that, The compound microbial agent is obtained by mixing lactic acid bacteria powder, Bacillus subtilis powder, Bacillus pumilus powder, and Bacillus licheniformis powder in a mass ratio of (3~5):(2~3):(1~3):(1~3).

6. The pond culture method for grass shrimp according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adhesive includes one or a combination of two of carboxymethyl cellulose and polycarboxymethyl urea.

7. The pond culture method for grass shrimp according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (ii), the fish fry are one or a combination of tilapia and yellow catfish; the stocking density of the fish fry is 50-100 fish / acre.

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