Identification method of ground ecological environment changes in mining areas

Abstract

The disclosed embodiment discloses a method for identifying ground ecological environment changes in a mining area. The method includes: obtaining mining parameters of the mining working face in the mining area; calculating the maximum distance of the collapse boundary according to the mining parameters; combining the mining parameters and the maximum distance of the collapse boundary to obtain the surface boundary range; regularly calculating the first remote sensing ecological index of the surface boundary range and the second remote sensing ecological index of the control range; judging whether the change of the first remote sensing ecological index is caused by mining according to the changes of the first remote sensing ecological index and the second remote sensing ecological index, and if so, analyzing and evaluating the ecological environment within the surface boundary range. The method can link the mining progress with the surface disturbance, and combined with the calculation of the remote sensing ecological index, realizes the identification of changes in the surface ecological environment, and improves the scientificity and accuracy of ecological environment monitoring.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of coal mining and ecological protection technology, and in particular to a method for identifying changes in the surface ecological environment of mining areas. Background Technology

[0002] The Remote Sensing Ecological Index (RSEI) distribution data is a data product derived from satellite remote sensing image inversion calculations. Ecological environment quality assessment reflects, to a certain extent, the condition of a region's ecological environment system, and also reflects the relationship between human social activities and environmental quality. It has a significant impact on sustainable development, and conducting ecological environment quality assessments can provide decision-making support for the long-term development of cities.

[0003] Improper management of mining subsidence can lead to land subsidence, directly impacting factors such as tilting of buildings, water leakage, road collapse due to subsidence, and drought in farmland due to underground hollowing, ultimately resulting in reduced yields and a series of geological disasters. Therefore, national regulations generally require green mining practices, typically necessitating simultaneous mining and remediation. However, the impact of mining subsidence on farmland crops is often insidious and difficult to detect. Even calculating remote sensing ecological indices cannot directly confirm the relationship between mining activities and changes in these indices. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present disclosure provides a method for identifying changes in the surface ecological environment of a mining area, which can effectively determine whether changes in the surface ecological environment of a mining area are caused by mining operations.

[0005] This disclosure provides a method for identifying changes in the surface ecological environment of a mining area, employing the following technical solution:

[0006] Mining parameters of the mining face in the mining area;

[0007] Calculate the maximum distance of the collapse boundary based on the mining parameters;

[0008] By combining the mining parameters and the maximum distance to the collapse boundary, the surface boundary range is obtained;

[0009] Periodically calculate the first remote sensing ecological index of the said surface boundary range and the second remote sensing ecological index of the control range;

[0010] Based on the changes in the first and second remote sensing ecological indices, it is determined whether the change in the first remote sensing ecological index is caused by mining. If so, the ecological environment within the surface boundary area is analyzed and evaluated.

[0011] Optionally, calculating the maximum distance to the collapse boundary based on the mining parameters includes:

[0012] The mining parameters include burial depth H, downhill movement angle β, uphill movement angle γ, and strike boundary angle δ. The calculation formulas for the maximum distances D1, D2, and D3 of the downhill collapse boundary and the uphill collapse boundary are as follows:

[0013] D1 = H1·cotβ;

[0014] D2 = H2·cotγ;

[0015] D3 = H3·cotδ.

[0016] Optionally, by combining the mining parameters and the maximum distance to the collapse boundary, the surface boundary range is obtained, including:

[0017] The surface boundary range is obtained by taking the maximum distance D3 of the strike-and-fall-boundary extension on both sides of the length of the mining face as the length, and the maximum distance D2 of the uphill collapse boundary extension on the width of the mining face towards the uphill direction and the maximum distance D1 of the downhill collapse boundary extension on the width of the mining face as the width.

[0018] Optionally, the periodic calculation of a first remote sensing ecological index for the surface boundary range and a second remote sensing ecological index for the control range includes:

[0019] Periodically acquire first surface image information of the surface boundary range and second surface image information of the control range, calculate the first remote sensing ecological index based on the first surface image information, and calculate the second remote sensing ecological index based on the second surface impact information;

[0020] The control range is an area of ​​equal size that is close to the surface boundary.

[0021] Optionally, the periodic calculation of the first remote sensing ecological index of the surface boundary range and the second remote sensing ecological index of the mining area includes:

[0022] Periodically acquire third surface image information of the actual aerial photography area covering and exceeding the surface boundary range. The third surface image information includes first surface image information located within the surface boundary range and second surface image information other than the first surface image information. Calculate the first remote sensing ecological index based on the first surface image information and calculate the second remote sensing ecological index based on the second surface impact information.

[0023] The reference range is the area outside the actual aerial photography area, excluding the surface boundary.

[0024] Optionally, periodically acquiring first surface image information of the surface boundary range and second surface image information of the control range includes:

[0025] Before mining, a drone equipped with remote sensing imaging technology was used to acquire first surface image information of the surface boundary range and second surface image information of the comparison range;

[0026] During the mining process, a drone equipped with remote sensing imaging technology is used to acquire first surface image information of the surface boundary range and second surface image information of the comparison range.

[0027] After the settlement stabilizes, a drone equipped with remote sensing imaging technology is used to acquire first surface image information of the surface boundary range and second surface image information of the comparison range.

[0028] Optionally, the lens mounted on the UAV may have a wavelength range including one or more of the following: blue band (0.45-0.52 μm), green band (0.52-0.60 μm), red band (0.63-0.69 μm), near-infrared band (0.76-0.90 μm), first mid-infrared band (1.55-1.75 μm), second mid-infrared band (2.09-2.35 μm), and thermal infrared band (10.40-12.5 μm).

[0029] Optionally, the drone takes multiple shots during the mining process, with the time interval between two consecutive shots being the same.

[0030] Optionally, determining whether the change in the first remote sensing ecological index is caused by mining based on the changes in the first and second remote sensing ecological indices includes:

[0031] The first difference distribution map is obtained by subtracting the distribution maps of the first remote sensing ecological index at adjacent time points;

[0032] The second difference distribution map is obtained by subtracting the distribution maps of the second remote sensing ecological index at adjacent time points;

[0033] If there is a discrepancy between the first and second difference distribution maps, it indicates that the change in the first remote sensing ecological index is caused by mining.

[0034] Optionally, determining whether the change in the first remote sensing ecological index is caused by mining based on the changes in the first and second remote sensing ecological indices includes:

[0035] The first difference value is obtained by subtracting the average value of the first remote sensing ecological index at adjacent time points;

[0036] The second difference is obtained by subtracting the average values ​​of the second remote sensing ecological indices that are close in time.

[0037] If there is a gap between the first difference and the second difference, it indicates that the change in the first remote sensing ecological index is caused by mining.

[0038] The method for identifying changes in the surface ecological environment in mining areas provided in this disclosure calculates the surface boundary range through mining parameters, sets multiple monitoring time points, and links the mining progress with surface disturbance. This allows for more accurate monitoring and identification of the dynamic process of changes in the surface ecological environment. Combined with the calculation of remote sensing ecological indices, it enables the identification of changes in the surface ecological environment and improves the scientificity and accuracy of ecological environment monitoring.

[0039] The above description is merely an overview of the technical solution disclosed herein. In order to better understand the technical means of this disclosure and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of this disclosure more apparent and understandable, preferred embodiments are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0040] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this disclosure, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this disclosure. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0041] Figure 1 A flowchart of a method for identifying changes in the surface ecological environment of mining areas provided in this embodiment of the disclosure;

[0042] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the surface boundary range provided for an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0043] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a method for identifying changes in the surface ecological environment of a mining area, provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The embodiments of this disclosure will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0045] It should be understood that the following specific examples illustrate the implementation of this disclosure, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of this disclosure from the content disclosed in this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this disclosure, and not all of them. This disclosure can also be implemented or applied through other different specific implementation methods, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of this disclosure. It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. Based on the embodiments in this disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

[0046] It should be noted that various aspects of embodiments within the scope of the appended claims are described below. It will be apparent that the aspects described herein can be embodied in a wide variety of forms, and any particular structure and / or function described herein is merely illustrative. Based on this disclosure, those skilled in the art will understand that one aspect described herein can be implemented independently of any other aspect, and two or more of these aspects can be combined in various ways. For example, any number of aspects set forth herein can be used to implement the device and / or practice the method. Additionally, this device and / or method can be implemented using structures and / or functionalities other than one or more of the aspects set forth herein.

[0047] It should also be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only schematic representations of the basic concept of this disclosure. The drawings only show the components related to this disclosure and are not drawn according to the number, shape and size of the components in actual implementation. In actual implementation, the form, quantity and proportion of each component can be arbitrarily changed, and the layout of the components may also be more complex.

[0048] Furthermore, specific details are provided in the following description to facilitate a thorough understanding of the examples. However, those skilled in the art will understand that these aspects can be practiced without these specific details.

[0049] This disclosure provides a method for identifying changes in the surface ecological environment of a mining area, mainly used to determine whether changes in the surface ecological environment of a mining area are caused by mining operations. Figure 1 As shown, the method for identifying changes in the surface ecological environment of this mining area is as follows:

[0050] S1. Obtain the mining parameters of the mining face in the mining area.

[0051] Alternatively, the mining parameters of the working face can be obtained from the geological report of the mining area, such as... Figure 2As shown, the mining parameters include the size of the mining face, the burial depth H, the downhill movement angle β, the uphill movement angle γ, and the strike boundary angle δ.

[0052] S2. Calculate the maximum distance of the collapse boundary based on the mining parameters.

[0053] As an optional implementation, the maximum distance of the collapse boundary in each direction can be calculated using the following formula:

[0054] The maximum distance at the boundary of the downhill collapse is D1 = H1·cotβ;

[0055] The maximum distance at the boundary of the uphill collapse is D2 = H2·cotγ;

[0056] The maximum distance to the collapse boundary is D3 = H3·cotδ.

[0057] Where H1 is the burial depth of the lowest point of the ore seam, i.e., the distance between the lowest point and the surface; H2 is the burial depth of the highest point of the ore seam, i.e., the distance between the highest point and the surface; H3 is the burial depth of the coal mining face, which is generally located in the middle of the ore seam; the maximum distance of the subsidence boundary refers to the maximum boundary of surface subsidence caused by underground mining in a certain direction. For example, if the burial depth of the coal mining face of a certain coal seam is 100m and the strike boundary angle δ=45°, then according to the above formula, the maximum distance of the strike subsidence boundary can be calculated as 100×cot45°.

[0058] It is important to note that the maximum distance of the collapse boundary mentioned above refers to the situation where there is no loose layer (i.e., loose soil) on the surface or the loose layer is very thin. However, there is generally a loose layer of a certain thickness on the surface. Therefore, the maximum distance of the collapse boundary is equal to the maximum distance of the rock layer collapse plus the maximum distance of the loose layer collapse.

[0059] Maximum distance of rock strata collapse = rock strata depth × cot downhill movement angle or uphill movement angle or strike boundary angle, where rock strata depth = burial depth - loose layer depth, and the loose layer depth can be obtained from the geological report;

[0060] The maximum distance of loose layer collapse = loose layer depth × cot loose layer movement angle, which can also be obtained from the geological report.

[0061] S3. Combining mining parameters and the maximum distance to the collapse boundary, the surface boundary range is obtained.

[0062] Furthermore, the surface boundary range is obtained by taking the dimension of the maximum distance D3 extending simultaneously to the collapse boundary on both sides of the mining face length as the length, and the dimension of the maximum distance D2 extending to the uphill collapse boundary and the maximum distance D1 extending to the downhill collapse boundary in the width of the mining face as the width.

[0063] In simple terms, the length of the surface boundary is the length of the coal mining face, La + 2 × D3, and the width of the surface boundary is the width of the coal mining face, Lb + D1 + D2. The following uses coordinates to more intuitively illustrate the calculation of the surface boundary dimensions:

[0064] Taking the direction of the working face (length direction) as the y-direction and the direction of the working face from left to right (width direction) as the x-direction, with the intersection of the y-direction and the x-direction as the 0 point, then the coordinates of the four corner points of the working face in clockwise order from the 0 point are (0,0), (0,La), (Lb,La), and (Lb,0), respectively. Then, the coordinates of the four corner points of the surface boundary range are (-D1,-D3), (-D1,La+D3), (Lb+D2,La+D3), and (Lb+D2,-D3), respectively.

[0065] In some embodiments, coal and rock strata can generally be divided into three types, including horizontal strata, inclined strata, and steeply inclined strata. Horizontal strata are those where the uphill movement angle γ is equal to the downhill movement angle β, meaning the maximum distance D1 of the downhill collapse boundary is equal to the maximum distance D2 of the uphill collapse boundary, and the burial depth on both sides of the strata is the same. Except for horizontal strata, other strata are inclined relative to the horizontal direction, meaning the burial depth on both sides of the strata is different. Steeply inclined strata have a large angle, so the result of the maximum distance of the collapse boundary obtained by the formula is not accurate enough. In addition to calculating the approximate range according to the formula, it is also necessary to combine it with the surface movement observation report for comprehensive judgment. The surface movement observation report can provide information on the subsidence status after mining, which can generally be obtained from the movement changes of the observation piles.

[0066] S4. Periodically calculate the first remote sensing ecological index of the surface boundary range and the second remote sensing ecological index of the control range.

[0067] There are two planning methods for the comparison range. The first method is to plan an area of ​​the same size as the surface boundary range near the surface boundary range, and periodically use drones with remote sensing image technology to acquire the first surface image information of the surface boundary range and the second surface image information of the comparison range. The first remote sensing ecological index is calculated based on the first surface image information, and the second remote sensing ecological index is calculated based on the second surface impact information.

[0068] The second method involves using drones to photograph the actual aerial area that extends beyond the surface boundary. The comparison area is the area outside the surface boundary within the actual aerial area. Third surface image information of the actual aerial area is periodically acquired using drones equipped with remote sensing imagery technology. The third surface image information includes first surface image information located within the surface boundary and second surface image information other than the first surface image information. A first remote sensing ecological index is calculated based on the first surface image information, and a second remote sensing ecological index is calculated based on the second surface impact information.

[0069] By periodically calculating the first and second remote sensing ecological indices, it is possible to monitor changes in the ecological environment within the land surface boundary and the control area, making it easier to identify the causes of changes in the ecological environment within the land surface boundary.

[0070] Optionally, periodic calculations can be defined as periodically taking aerial photographs of the surface boundary and control area using drones. Specifically, this includes: taking an aerial photograph 1-10 days before mining; taking an aerial photograph on one or several days during mining, preferably multiple times during mining with equal time intervals between adjacent photographs (e.g., 30 days between adjacent photographs, i.e., monitoring once a month). The observation frequency can be increased or decreased depending on the dynamic disturbance process of mining subsidence; if the dynamic requirements are not high, it can be done every two to three months. Another aerial photograph should be taken 1-10 days after subsidence stabilization. After the working face is mined, surface subsidence does not stop, and it is generally necessary to monitor the subsidence status through surface rock movement observation. The industry standard is that subsidence is considered stable if the cumulative subsidence does not exceed 30mm within 6 consecutive months. Furthermore, if there is a need to monitor post-mining vegetation growth, continuous monthly observations can be set.

[0071] Furthermore, the UAV is a rotary-wing UAV with RTK positioning function, equipped with a multispectral lens, including one or more of the following bands: blue band of 0.45-0.52 micrometers, green band of 0.52-0.60 micrometers, red band of 0.63-0.69 micrometers, near-infrared band of 0.76-0.90 micrometers, first mid-infrared band of 1.55-1.75 micrometers, second mid-infrared band of 2.09-2.35 micrometers, and thermal infrared band of 10.40-12.5 micrometers.

[0072] The flight altitude and flight path should be set according to the required observation accuracy, such as 200m altitude, 80% lateral overlap, and 80% forward overlap (overlap rate, flight altitude, speed, etc., need to be determined according to the specific aircraft model, to obtain complete surface remote sensing imagery). For the aerial photography range, if the second aerial photography method is used, the actual aerial photography area needs to extend beyond the surface boundary by a certain distance, which is recommended to be 100-500 meters.

[0073] S5. Based on the changes in the first and second remote sensing ecological indices, determine whether the change in the first remote sensing ecological index is caused by mining.

[0074] Optionally, the judgment method can be divided into two types. One type is to use remote sensing image processing software such as ENVI to subtract the distribution maps of the first remote sensing ecological index at adjacent time to obtain the first difference distribution map, and to subtract the distribution maps of the second remote sensing ecological index at adjacent time to obtain the second difference distribution map. If there is a difference between the first difference distribution map and the second difference distribution map, it indicates that the change in the first remote sensing ecological index is caused by mining.

[0075] Another approach is to calculate the first difference by subtracting the average values ​​of the first remote sensing ecological index at adjacent times, and to calculate the second difference by subtracting the average values ​​of the second remote sensing ecological index at closely adjacent times. If there is a difference between the first and second differences, it indicates that the change in the first remote sensing ecological index is caused by mining.

[0076] S6. Analyze and evaluate the ecological environment within the surface boundary area affected by mining-induced ecological changes.

[0077] By monitoring and identifying changes in the surface ecological environment of mining areas, time-series data on these changes are obtained. Remote sensing indices are used to quantify and analyze the data. Finally, the ecological environment status of mining areas is evaluated and analyzed in conjunction with the actual situation, so as to achieve the protection and management of the environment caused by coal mining.

[0078] S7. If the change in the first remote sensing ecological index is not caused by mining, then the process ends.

[0079] For example, such as Figure 3 As shown, the process of applying the above-mentioned method for identifying changes in the surface ecological environment of mining areas in this embodiment includes:

[0080] Step S1': Obtain the mining parameters of the mining face from the geological report.

[0081] Step S2': Calculate the maximum distance of the collapse boundary based on the mining parameters, including the maximum distance of the collapse boundary for downhill, uphill, and trending directions.

[0082] Step S3': Based on the mining parameters and the maximum distance to the collapse boundary, obtain the surface boundary range.

[0083] Step S4': Periodically take aerial photographs of the surface boundary range and the control range.

[0084] Step S5': Calculate the first remote sensing ecological index of the land surface boundary range at different times and the second remote sensing ecological index of the control range.

[0085] Step S6': Compare the changes in the first remote sensing ecological index with the changes in the second remote sensing ecological index. If the changes in the two are significantly different, it indicates that the changes in the ecological environment within the surface boundary are caused by mining.

[0086] Step S7': Analyze and evaluate the ecological environment within the surface boundary area.

[0087] The basic principles of this disclosure have been described above with reference to specific embodiments. However, it should be noted that the advantages, benefits, and effects mentioned in this disclosure are merely examples and not limitations, and should not be considered as essential features of each embodiment of this disclosure. Furthermore, the specific details disclosed above are for illustrative and facilitative purposes only, and are not limitations. These details do not limit the scope of this disclosure to the necessity of employing the aforementioned specific details for implementation.

[0088] In this disclosure, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. The block diagrams of devices, apparatuses, devices, and systems involved in this disclosure are merely illustrative examples and are not intended to require or imply that they must be connected, arranged, or configured in the manner shown in the block diagrams. As those skilled in the art will recognize, these devices, apparatuses, devices, and systems can be connected, arranged, and configured in any manner. Words such as "comprising," "including," "having," etc., are open-ended terms meaning "including but not limited to," and are used interchangeably with them. The terms "or" and "and" as used herein refer to the terms "and / or," and are used interchangeably with them unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The term "such as" as used herein refers to the phrase "such as but not limited to," and is used interchangeably with it.

[0089] Additionally, as used herein, the “or” used in a list of items beginning with “at least one” indicates a separate list, such that a list of, for example, “at least one of A, B, or C” means A or B or C, or AB or AC or BC, or ABC (i.e., A and B and C). Furthermore, the word “exemplary” does not imply that the described example is preferred or better than other examples.

[0090] It should also be noted that in the systems and methods of this disclosure, the components or steps can be decomposed and / or recombined. These decompositions and / or recombinations should be considered as equivalent solutions to this disclosure.

[0091] Various changes, substitutions, and modifications can be made to the technology described herein without departing from the teachings defined by the appended claims. Furthermore, the scope of the claims of this disclosure is not limited to the specific aspects of the processes, machines, manufactures, events, means, methods, and actions described above. Currently existing or later-developed processes, machines, manufactures, events, means, methods, or actions that perform substantially the same function or achieve substantially the same result as the corresponding aspects described herein can be utilized. Therefore, the appended claims include such processes, machines, manufactures, events, means, methods, or actions within their scope.

[0092] The above description of the disclosed aspects is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use this disclosure. Various modifications to these aspects will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other aspects without departing from the scope of this disclosure. Therefore, this disclosure is not intended to be limited to the aspects shown herein, but rather to be carried out within the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

[0093] The above description has been given for purposes of illustration and description. Furthermore, this description is not intended to limit the embodiments of this disclosure to the forms disclosed herein. Although numerous exemplary aspects and embodiments have been discussed above, those skilled in the art will recognize certain variations, modifications, alterations, additions, and sub-combinations therein.

Claims

1. A method for identifying changes in the ground ecological environment in a mining area, characterized in that: include: Obtain mining parameters of mining working face in mining area; Calculating the maximum distance of the collapse boundary according to the mining parameters; Combining the mining parameters with the maximum distance of the collapse boundary, obtaining a surface boundary range; Regularly calculating a first remote sensing ecological index for the surface boundary range and a second remote sensing ecological index for the control range; According to the changes of the first remote sensing ecological index and the second remote sensing ecological index, determining whether the change of the first remote sensing ecological index is caused by mining, and if so, analyzing and evaluating the ecological environment within the boundary range of the surface; Determining whether the change of the first remote sensing ecological index is caused by mining includes: subtracting the distribution maps of the first remote sensing ecological index at adjacent times to obtain a first difference distribution map; Subtracting the distribution maps of the second remote sensing ecological index at adjacent times to obtain a second difference distribution map; By comparing the first difference distribution map and the second difference distribution map, if there is a gap between the two, it means that the change of the first remote sensing ecological index is caused by mining.

2. The method for identifying ground ecological environment changes in mining areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of calculating the maximum distance of the collapse boundary according to the mining parameters comprises: The mining parameters include the buried depth H, the downhill movement angle β, the uphill movement angle γ and the strike boundary angle δ. The calculation formulas for the maximum downhill collapse boundary distance D1, the maximum uphill collapse boundary distance D2 and the maximum strike collapse boundary distance D3 are as follows: D1 = H1·cotβ; YY+242035P D2=H2·cotγ; D3 = H3·cotδ.

3. The method for identifying ground ecological environment changes in mining areas according to claim 2, characterized in that: Combining the mining parameters and the maximum distance of the collapse boundary, the surface boundary range is obtained, including: The surface boundary range is obtained by extending the maximum distance D3 of the strike collapse boundary on both sides of the length of the mining working face as the length, and extending the maximum distance D2 of the uphill collapse boundary in the uphill direction and the maximum distance D1 of the downhill collapse boundary in the downhill direction along the width of the mining working face as the width.

4. The method for identifying ground ecological environment changes in mining areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of regularly calculating the first remote sensing ecological index of the surface boundary range and the second remote sensing ecological index of the control range comprises: regularly acquiring first surface image information of the surface boundary range and second surface image information of the control range, calculating the first remote sensing ecological index according to the first surface image information, and calculating the second remote sensing ecological index according to the second surface impact information; The control range is an area close to the surface boundary range and of equal size.

5. The method for identifying ground ecological environment changes in mining areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of regularly calculating the first remote sensing ecological index of the surface boundary range and the second remote sensing ecological index of the mining area comprises: regularly acquiring third surface image information of an actual aerial photography area covering and exceeding the surface boundary range, the third surface image information including first surface image information located within the surface boundary range and second surface image information other than the first surface image information, calculating the first remote sensing ecological index according to the first surface image information, and calculating the second remote sensing ecological index according to the second surface impact information; The control range is the area in the actual aerial photography area except the surface boundary range.

6. The method for identifying ground ecological environment changes in mining areas according to claim 4, characterized in that: Periodically acquiring first surface image information of the surface boundary range and second surface image information of the comparison range, including: Before mining, first surface image information of the surface boundary range and second surface image information of the reference range are obtained by using a drone equipped with remote sensing imaging technology; During mining, a drone equipped with remote sensing imaging technology is used to obtain first surface image information of the surface boundary range and second surface image information of the reference range; After the settlement is stabilized, the first surface image information of the surface boundary range and the second surface image information of the reference range are obtained by using a drone with remote sensing imaging technology.

7. The method for identifying ground ecological environment changes in mining areas according to claim 6, characterized in that: The bands of the lens carried by the drone include: a blue band of 0.45-0.52 microns, a green band of 0.52-0.60 microns, a red band of 0.63-0.69 microns, a near-infrared band of 0.76-0.90 microns, a first mid-infrared band of 1.55-1.75 microns, a second mid-infrared band of 2.09-2.35 microns, and one or more of the thermal infrared bands of 10.40-12.5 microns.

8. The method for identifying ground ecological environment changes in mining areas according to claim 6, characterized in that: The drone takes multiple photos during mining, and the time interval between two adjacent photos is the same.

9. The method for identifying changes in the ground ecological environment in a mining area according to claim 1, wherein The method is characterized in that judging whether the change of the first remote sensing ecological index is caused by mining according to the change of the first remote sensing ecological index and the second remote sensing ecological index comprises: Subtracting the average values ​​of the first remote sensing ecological index at adjacent times to obtain a first difference value; Subtracting the average values ​​of the second remote sensing ecological index at closely adjacent times to obtain a second difference value; Comparing the first difference and the second difference, if there is a gap between the two, it means that the change of the first remote sensing ecological index is caused by mining.

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