Application of 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid as a plant injury mitigator

Abstract

The present invention discloses the use of 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid as a plant harm alleviating agent. The use of 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid in the preparation of a plant harm alleviating agent, wherein the concentration of 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid in the preparation is 10 to 1000 nM. The present invention finds that 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid can effectively alleviate plant harm through seed soaking, thereby increasing plant yield. At a concentration of 10 μM, seed soaking can alleviate the damage of fluazifop-pentyl-carbamate and cypermethrin-acetophenone to rice seeds, thereby strengthening seedlings. At a concentration of 1 μM, 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid can alleviate the harm of isoproturon to wheat seeds, significantly improving the germination rate, bud length, and root length of wheat seeds. 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid is easy to use, solves production problems that cannot be solved by traditional agronomy, and saves production costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of agricultural biological pesticides and relates to the application of 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid as a plant pesticide damage alleviating agent. Background Art

[0002] In agricultural production, crops face numerous threats from pests, diseases, and weeds. To ensure yield and quality, the use of pesticides is essential. However, some pesticides have potential toxic effects on crops, impacting the quality and safety of agricultural products and the ecological environment.

[0003] Rice bakanae disease, also known as leggy growth disease, is a fungal disease caused by the Gibberella fujikuroi species complex. This disease not only significantly reduces rice yields, but the toxins produced by the pathogen can also cause food safety issues and impact human health. Because infected seeds are the primary transmission route for rice bakanae disease, seed soaking with pesticides is a common and cost-effective prevention and control measure. Currently, the widely used fluazifop-pentyl-carbamate and fluazifop-ethyl are significantly effective in preventing and controlling bakanae disease and stem tip nematode disease. However, studies have found that treatment with an 800-fold dilution of 12% fluazifop-pentyl-carbamate dispersible powder significantly negatively impacted seed germination and seedling growth in Nanjing 5055 (Zhou Bin et al., 2023). Increasing the concentration of 17% fluazifop-ethyl-carbamate wettable powder increased the inhibitory effect on rice seed germination potential, germination rate, root length, and seedling height. Soaking seeds in 88.9-fold and 66.7-fold dilutions of 17% chlorpyrifos and ethyl allicin significantly inhibited rice seed germination and seedling establishment, while soaking seeds in 133.3-fold dilution significantly inhibited seed germination potential and seedling establishment rate. When the soaking concentration was 200-fold dilution, it had the greatest effect on rice seed germination (Gu Donghua, 2014; Duanmu Liling et al., 2021).

[0004] Chemical herbicides play an important role in controlling weeds in farmland and maintaining crop yields. However, long-term overuse of chemical herbicides may cause residual environmental pollution and affect crop growth. Studies have shown that wheat germination rates, root lengths, and shoot lengths were significantly lower when treated with 50% isoproturon wettable powder at concentrations of 40 mg / L or higher than in a control group treated with clear water without the pesticide (Cui Lina et al., 2017). Other researchers have also found that the application of 50% isoproturon wettable powder exceeding 1125 g / hm2 can significantly reduce the risk of germination. 2After about 10-15 days, wheat leaves will turn yellow and plants will become dwarfed. The application of isoproturon also reduces wheat seedlings' frost resistance. The greater the dosage, the greater the damage. The phytotoxic effects of isoproturon on wheat are particularly pronounced under low temperatures (Meng Dandan et al., 2019). Therefore, given the current phytotoxicity faced by different crops in actual production, developing products and technologies to mitigate crop phytotoxicity is particularly urgent to ensure safe agricultural production.

[0005] Currently, several plant damage mitigators have been discovered, such as brassinosteroids, brassinolide, and GABA. Studies have shown that brassinosteroids can mitigate pesticide damage in plants by regulating reactive oxygen species and mitogen-activated protein kinases (Peng Xiaoqin et al., 2015). Brassinolide sprayed early in the course of herbicide damage can increase wheat thousand-grain weight and number of grains per spike, thereby increasing wheat yield (Zuo Libo, 2023). GABA not only inhibits plant pesticide absorption by regulating stomatal movement but also mitigates pesticide damage through reactive oxygen species signaling (Shan Qing, 2023). As the concept of green ecological conservation gradually takes hold, people are paying more attention to crop safety. Given the increasingly stringent international standards for plant chemical residue limits, the search for green, efficient, and environmentally friendly plant damage mitigators is particularly urgent and important.

[0006] The molecular formula of 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid (NIMIA) is C7H 15 NO₂, with a molecular weight of 145 g / mol, occurs as colorless crystals. It is a structural component of numerous natural products, including fusarin A (Plattner and Nager, 1948), indole lactams produced by Streptomyces and Nocardiopsis (Irie et al., 1990; Sun et al., 1991), and cyclic peptides from cyanobacteria (Luo et al., 2014). In 1996, Li et al. successfully isolated 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid from Phaseolus vulgaris seeds (Li et al., 1996). The inventors successfully isolated and purified 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid from fungi in the early stage, and systematically studied the plant resistance-inducing and growth-promoting activities of 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid. They found that 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid can effectively promote plant growth, but its activity in inducing plant disease resistance and resistance to abiotic stress is weak. This research result has been applied for a Chinese invention patent (patent application number 202210150971.9). To date, there have been no studies, reports, or patents involving this compound in alleviating plant diseases. This is precisely the innovativeness of this patent. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to address the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art and provide a method for using 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid as a phytotoxicity alleviating agent.

[0008] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0009] The invention relates to an application of 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid in the preparation of a plant phytotoxicity alleviating agent, wherein the concentration of the 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid in the preparation is 0.01 to 10 μM.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid is used in the preparation of a phytotoxicity mitigating agent for mitigating damage to germinating seeds and / or seedlings of gramineous crops caused by fluazifop, pentamidine, and chlorpyrifos. The concentration of 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid in the formulation is further preferably 0.1 to 10 μM.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid is used in the preparation of a phytotoxicity alleviating agent for alleviating the damage of cypermethrin and ethylalicin to seed germination and seedlings of gramineous crops. The concentration of 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid in the preparation is further preferably 0.1 to 10 μM.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid is used in the preparation of a phytotoxicity alleviating agent for alleviating the damage of isoproturon to seed germination and seedlings of gramineous crops. The concentration of 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid in the preparation is further preferably 0.01 to 1 μM.

[0013] The gramineous crops described in the present invention include but are not limited to wheat and rice.

[0014] The application of 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid in alleviating plant phytotoxicity, the concentration of 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid is 0.01-10 μM.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid is used to alleviate the damage of fluazifop, pentamidine and chlorpyrifos to seed germination and seedlings of gramineous crops, and the concentration of 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid is preferably 0.1 to 10 μM.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid is used to alleviate the damage of cypermethrin and ethylalicin to seed germination and seedlings of gramineous crops, and the concentration of 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid is preferably 0.1-10 μM.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid is used to alleviate the damage of isoproturon to seed germination and seedlings of gramineous crops, and the concentration of 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid is preferably 0.01 to 1 μM.

[0018] The gramineous crops described in the present invention include but are not limited to wheat and rice.

[0019]

[0020] Existing research on 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid represented by formula (I) has not yet reported on its use as a plant damage alleviating agent. The present invention has discovered that 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid performs well in relevant plant damage alleviating experiments and can help plants alleviate pesticide damage.

[0021] The method of using the natural metabolite 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid to alleviate plant drug damage, the details and implementation plan are as follows: within the concentration range of 0.01 to 10 μM, it can effectively alleviate plant drug damage problems.

[0022] 3-Methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid (3-MVA) is used to mitigate the damage caused by fluazifop-pentyl-carbamate and / or fluazifop-ethyl to rice. The method involves simultaneously adding the pesticides and 3-MVA to rice seeds and soaking them in a concentration range of 0.1 to 10 μM. The results showed that compared to the control group without 3-MVA, the germination rate, sprout length, and root length of the rice seeds in the experimental group were significantly increased. This result demonstrates that 3-MVA effectively mitigates the damage caused by these two pesticides to rice seed germination and seedling growth.

[0023] A method for using 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid to mitigate isoproturon-induced damage to wheat was tested by simultaneously adding isoproturon and 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid to seeds at concentrations ranging from 0.01 to 1 μM. The results showed that compared with the control group without 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid, the germination rate, sprout length, and root length of the wheat seeds in the experimental group were significantly improved. This result demonstrates that 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid can effectively mitigate the damage caused by isoproturon to wheat seed germination and seedling growth.

[0024] Beneficial effects

[0025] The main advantages and positive effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0026] 3-Methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid is a natural product with a simple structure and is easy to produce industrially. Since the present invention confirms that 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid can alleviate plant damage caused by pesticides, it has the potential to be developed into a natural plant damage alleviating agent.

[0027] The present invention discovered that 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid can effectively alleviate plant pesticide damage and increase plant yield through seed soaking. At concentrations of 0.1 to 10 μM, soaking can alleviate damage to rice seeds caused by fluazifop-pentyl-carbamate and cypermethrin-acetophenone, achieving the goal of strengthening seedlings. At concentrations of 0.01 to 1 μM, it can alleviate the damage caused by isoproturon to wheat seeds, significantly improving the germination rate, sprout length, and root length of wheat seeds. 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid is a natural product, requires low dosage, is environmentally friendly, and can effectively alleviate plant pesticide damage. Therefore, it is a green and efficient biosourced plant pesticide damage mitigator, indicating the value and application prospects of this type of substance in agricultural production.

[0028] The present invention discovers that 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid (3-Methyl-2-Methylaminovaleric acid) can alleviate plant damage caused by pesticides when used as a seed soaking treatment. 3-Methyl-2-Methylaminovaleric acid is easy to use, solves production problems that cannot be addressed by traditional agronomy, and reduces production costs. Furthermore, because 3-Methyl-2-Methylaminovaleric acid is a naturally occurring metabolite with a simple structure, it has high environmental and biological safety, making it a green, highly effective biochemical pesticide. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 Effects of different concentrations of 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid, amino oligosaccharides, and fluazifop-pentyl-carbamate-chlorpyrifos mixed with seed soaking on rice seed germination and seedling growth

[0030] Figure 2 Effects of seed soaking with a mixture of gibberellins, fluazifop-pentyl, and cypermethrin on rice seed germination and seedling growth

[0031] Figure 3 Effects of different concentrations of 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid, amino oligosaccharides, and cypermethrin-ethylalicin mixed seed soaking on rice seed germination and seedling growth

[0032] Figure 4 Effects of seed soaking with a mixture of gibberellins, cypermethrin and ethylalicin on rice seed germination and seedling growth

[0033] Figure 5 Effects of different concentrations of 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid, amino oligosaccharides and isoproturon mixed seed soaking on wheat seed germination and seedling growth

[0034] Figure 6 Effects of Mixed Seed Soaking with Gibberellic Acid and Isoproturon on Wheat Seed Germination and Seedling Growth DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The inventors have studied the biological activity, scope of application, and crop safety of 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid and found that it has a unique effect in alleviating plant damage caused by pesticides. It also possesses advantages such as environmental friendliness, wide applicability, and safety. It is a natural plant damage alleviator and has the potential to be developed as a biopesticide. The essential features of the present invention are reflected in the following embodiments and examples, which should not be construed as limitations of the invention.

[0036] Example 1: 3-Methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid alleviates the damage of fluazifop, pentamethylenetetramine and chlorpyrifos to rice seed germination and seedlings

[0037] The rice seeds (variety "Dengliangyou 2108") were rinsed with distilled water, disinfected with 75% alcohol for 3 minutes, washed with distilled water 3 times, and then disinfected with NaClO (5%) for about 10 minutes. After taking out, they were rinsed with distilled water, and then the residual moisture on the surface of the seeds was absorbed with clean filter paper until the surface was dry. 4g (grams) of healthy, plump and uniform seeds were selected and placed in a 50mL (milliliter) centrifuge tube. 8mL of clean water, 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid with concentrations of 0.1, 1, and 10μM (micromoles / liter) and 0.1% amino oligosaccharide (active ingredient content: 5%, Hainan Zhengye Zhongnong Hi-Tech Co., Ltd.) aqueous solution were first added to each tube, and then 0.02g of fluazifop-pentyl-carbamate (total active ingredient content: 12%, Hebei Bojia Agriculture Co., Ltd.) (400 times diluted, F 400 The seeds were stirred until completely submerged in the solution. After soaking at room temperature for 48 hours, they were germinated without rinsing. Three replicates were performed for each experiment. For each replicate, 30 rice seeds were randomly selected using tweezers and placed in a Petri dish pre-lined with moistened filter paper. The seeds were then placed in an incubator at 28°C for germination. After three days, the germination rate, shoot length, and root length were measured and recorded. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0038] To determine whether 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid (3-Methyl-2-Methylaminovaleric acid) mitigates the damage caused by the rice seed soaking agents fluazifop, pentamethylenetetramine, and chlorpyrifos due to its growth-promoting activity, we used gibberellin (BR, 90%, Shanghai Yuanye Biotechnology Co., Ltd.) (0.1 g / L) as a positive control, following the same protocol as above. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0039] Table 1 Effects of different concentrations of 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid (NIMIA), amino oligosaccharides and fluazifop-pentyl-carbamate-chlorpyrifos on rice seed germination rate, sprout length and root length

[0040]

[0041] From Table 1 and Appendix Figure 1The results show that soaking seeds in a 400-fold dilution of fluazifop-pentyl-carbamate reduced seed germination rate and root length by 13% and 29%, respectively, compared to the blank control, and shoot length by 35%. The damage caused by fluazifop-pentyl-carbamate to rice seed germination rate and root length gradually decreased with increasing concentrations of 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid. Compared with the seed soaking treatment of fluazifop-pentyl-carbamate, the germination rate of rice seeds increased by 11% in the presence of 0.1μM and 1μM 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid, especially in the presence of 10μM 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid, the germination rate of rice seeds increased significantly by 20%. In addition, the seed germination rate after soaking with amino oligosaccharides did not increase compared with the seed soaking treatment of fluazifop-pentyl-carbamate; in the presence of 0.1μM, 1μM and 10μM 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid, the sprout length increased by 29%, 15% and 21% respectively compared with the seed soaking treatment of fluazifop-pentyl-carbamate, and there was no significant change in the sprout length in the presence of amino oligosaccharides; in the presence of 0.1μM, 1μM and 10μM When treated with 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid, root length increased by 31%, 40%, and 41%, respectively, compared to the seed soaking treatment with fluazifop, pentosan, and cypermethrin. However, in the presence of amino oligosaccharides, root length decreased by 15%. Clearly, the commercial plant immune activator amino oligosaccharides do not significantly alleviate rice phytotoxicity. However, treatment with 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid at concentrations of 0.1 to 10 μM significantly alleviated the phytotoxicity of fluazifop, pentosan, and cypermethrin to rice. The optimal concentration of 10 μM resulted in germination rates, shoot lengths, and root lengths reaching 105%, 78%, and 101%, respectively, of the blank control.

[0042] Table 2 Effects of seed soaking with 0.1 g / L gibberellin and fluazifop-pentyl-carbamate on rice seed germination rate, sprout length and root length

[0043]

[0044]

[0045] From Table 2 and Appendix Figure 2It can be seen that after soaking seeds in gibberellins, the germination rate of rice seeds increased significantly by 7% compared with the blank control, and the seedling sprout length and root length increased by 22% and 20%, respectively. Soaking seeds in a 400-fold dilution of fluazifop-pentyl-carbamate significantly reduced the rice seed germination rate, significantly reduced by 10% compared with the blank control, reduced sprout length by 9%, and reduced seedling root length by 26%. After adding 0.1g / L gibberellins to a 400-fold dilution of fluazifop-pentyl-carbamate, the rice seed germination rate decreased by 2%, and the damage to sprout and root length was not significantly alleviated compared with the seed soaking treatment group treated with a 400-fold dilution of fluazifop-pentyl-carbamate. However, after adding 10μM 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid to a 400-fold dilution of fluazifop-pentyl-carbamate, the rice seed germination rate increased by 22%, sprout length increased by 29%, and root length increased by 59% compared with the seed soaking treatment group treated with a 400-fold dilution of fluazifop-pentyl-carbamate. Clearly, while gibberellins promote growth, they cannot mitigate the damage caused by fluazifop, pentamethylenetetramine, and cypermethrin to rice seeds. However, soaking seeds with 10 μM 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid effectively mitigates the damage caused by fluazifop, pentamethylenetetramine, and cypermethrin, and this is not due to its immune and growth-promoting activities.

[0046] Example 2: 3-Methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid alleviates the damage of chlorfenapyr and ethylalicin to rice seed germination and seedlings

[0047] The rice seeds (variety "Dengliangyou 2108") were rinsed with distilled water, disinfected with 75% alcohol for 3 minutes, washed 3 times with distilled water, and then disinfected with NaClO (5%) for about 10 minutes. After taking them out, they were rinsed with distilled water, and then the residual water on the surface of the seeds was absorbed with clean filter paper until the surface was dry. 4g of healthy, plump and uniform seeds were selected and placed in a 50mL centrifuge tube. 8mL of clean water, 0.1, 1, and 10μM 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid and 0.1% amino oligosaccharide aqueous solution were added to each tube, and then 0.053g of chlorpyrifos·ethyl ethyl ester (total active ingredient content: 17%, Jiangsu Green Shield Plant Protection Pesticide Experiment Co., Ltd.) (150 times diluted, S 150 The seeds were stirred until completely submerged in the solution. After soaking at room temperature for 48 hours, they were germinated without rinsing. Three replicates were used for each experiment. For each replicate, 30 rice seeds were randomly selected using tweezers and placed in a Petri dish pre-lined with moistened filter paper. The seeds were then placed in an incubator at 28°C for germination. After three days, the germination rate, shoot length, and root length were recorded. The results are shown in Table 3.

[0048] In addition, to determine whether 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid mitigates the phytotoxicity of the rice seed soaking agent chlorfenapyr and ethylalicin due to its growth-promoting activity, we used gibberellins (0.1 g / L), which also have growth-promoting properties, as a positive control in an experiment using the same method as above. The results are shown in Table 4.

[0049] Table 3 Effects of different concentrations of 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid, amino oligosaccharides and cypermethrin-ethyl on rice seed germination rate, sprout length and root length

[0050]

[0051] From Table 3 and Appendix Figure 3 The results showed that soaking seeds in a 150-fold dilution of cypermethrin and ethylalicin significantly reduced seed germination rate, sprout length, and root length by 19%, 27%, and 43%, respectively, compared to the blank control. The addition of 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid significantly reduced the damage to rice seed germination rate, sprout length, and root length with increasing concentrations. Compared to soaking seeds in the cypermethrin and ethylalicin solution, the presence of amino oligosaccharides slightly decreased seed germination rate, but the difference was not significant. In the presence of 0.1 μM, 1 μM, and 10 μM 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid, the germination rate of rice seeds was significantly increased by 14%, 13%, and 25%, respectively. In the presence of amino oligosaccharides, compared to the cypermethrin / ethionine soaking treatment, shoot length remained unchanged. However, in the presence of 0.1 μM, 1 μM, and 10 μM 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid, shoot length increased by 17%, 9%, and 28%, respectively, with 10 μM 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid showing the most significant effect. In the presence of 0.1 μM, 1 μM, and 10 μM 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid, root length increased by 41%, 51%, and 77%, respectively, compared to the cypermethrin / ethionine soaking treatment, with 10 μM 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid showing the most significant effect. Root length remained unchanged after the addition of amino oligosaccharides. Clearly, soaking seeds with amino oligosaccharides, a commercial plant immune activator, does not significantly alleviate rice phytotoxicity. Soaking seeds with 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid at various concentrations significantly alleviated the phytotoxicity of thiamethoxam and ethylalicin on rice. Moreover, the 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid had the best phytotoxicity-alleviating effect at a concentration of 10 μM, with the germination rate, shoot length and root length reaching 101%, 93% and 102% of the blank control, respectively.

[0052] Table 4 Effects of seed soaking with 0.1 g / L gibberellin and chlorfenapyr-ethylalicin on rice seed germination rate, sprout length and root length

[0053]

[0054] From Table 4 and Appendix Figure 4Compared with the blank control, seed soaking with gibberellins increased the germination rate, seedling sprout length, and root length by 7%, 22%, and 20%, respectively. Seed soaking with a 150-fold dilution of cypermethrin and ethylalicin decreased the germination rate by 18%, root length by 20%, and sprout length by 9%, respectively, compared with the blank control. Adding gibberellins to the 150-fold dilution of cypermethrin and ethylalicin did not significantly alleviate the damage to rice seed germination rate, sprout length, and root length. Germination rate and sprout length remained unchanged, while root length increased by 8%, but this was not a significant difference. However, adding 10 μM 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid to the 150-fold dilution of cypermethrin and ethylalicin significantly increased the germination rate, sprout length, and root length by 36%, 29%, and 46%, respectively, compared with seed soaking with the 150-fold dilution of cypermethrin and ethylalicin. Obviously, the application of gibberellins did not significantly alleviate the damage of cypermethrin and ethylalicin to rice seeds. However, soaking the seeds with 10μM 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid effectively alleviated the damage caused by the cypermethrin and ethylalicin soaking agent.

[0055] Example 3: 3-Methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid alleviates the damage of isoproturon to wheat seed germination and seedlings

[0056] Rinse the wheat seeds (variety "Yangfu Wheat No. 4") with distilled water, disinfect them with 75% alcohol for 3 minutes, wash them 3 times with distilled water, and then disinfect the wheat seeds with NaClO (5%) for about 10 minutes. After taking them out, rinse them with distilled water, and then use clean filter paper to absorb the residual moisture on the surface of the seeds until the surface is dry. Select 4g of healthy, plump and uniform seeds and place them in a 50mL centrifuge tube. Add clean water, 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid with concentrations of 0.01, 0.1, and 1μM, 0.1% amino oligosaccharide aqueous solution and 0.1g / L gibberellin 8mL to each tube, and then add 0.024g isoproturon (active ingredient content: 50%, Jiangsu Kuaida Agrochemical Co., Ltd.) (3g / L) to each tube. Stir to make the seeds completely immersed in the liquid. After soaking for 48 hours, do not rinse and directly germinate. Each experiment was repeated three times. For each replicate, 30 rice seeds were randomly selected using tweezers and placed in a Petri dish lined with moistened filter paper. The seeds were then incubated at 28°C until they turned white. After 2 days of incubation in a dark incubator at 4°C, the seeds were then germinated in a 28°C incubator. After approximately two days, the germination rate, sprout length, and root length of the wheat seeds were recorded. The results are shown in Table 5.

[0057] In addition, to rule out the possibility that 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid could alleviate the phytotoxicity of isoproturon diluted solution to wheat by promoting growth, gibberellins (0.1 g / L), which also promote growth, were used as a positive control. The experimental method was the same as above. The results are shown in Table 6.

[0058] Table 5 Effects of different concentrations of 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid, amino oligosaccharides and isoproturon soaking on wheat seed germination rate, sprout length and root length

[0059]

[0060]

[0061] From Table 5 and Appendix Figure 5 Compared with the blank control, soaking wheat seeds in diluted isoproturon reduced the germination rate, sprout length, and root length by 31%, 41%, and 58%, respectively. The effects of isoproturon on the germination rate and root length of wheat seeds gradually decreased with increasing concentrations of 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid. Compared with soaking wheat seeds in isoproturon, the presence of 0.01 μM, 0.1 μM, and 1 μM 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid significantly increased the germination rate by 25%, 33%, and 47%, sprout length by 45%, 48%, and 45%, respectively, and root length by 57%, 58%, and 123%, respectively. The presence of amino oligosaccharides decreased the germination rate by 5%, increased sprout length by 3%, and increased root length by 7%, with no significant differences observed among the three treatments. Clearly, the commercial plant immune activator amino oligosaccharides did not significantly alleviate isoproturon-induced damage to wheat. However, 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid (3-MVA) alleviated isoproturon-induced damage at all treatment concentrations, with 1 μM being the most effective, with germination rate, shoot length, and root length reaching 101%, 86%, and 93% of the blank control, respectively. These results demonstrate that 3-MVA seed soaking effectively alleviates isoproturon-induced damage to wheat.

[0062] Table 6 Effects of 0.1 g / L gibberellin and isoproturon soaking on wheat seed germination rate, sprout length and root length

[0063]

[0064] From Table 6 and Appendix Figure 6As shown, compared with the blank control, wheat seed germination rate increased by 9%, seedling sprout length increased by 23%, and root length increased by 12%. Seeds soaked in a diluted isoproturon solution significantly decreased germination rate by 29%, and seedling sprout and root lengths by 36% and 44%, respectively, compared with the blank control. Adding gibberellins to the isoproturon-soaked solution did not significantly alleviate the damage caused by isoproturon to wheat seed germination rate, sprout length, and root length. In the presence of 0.1 g / L gibberellin, wheat seed germination rate increased by 4% compared with the isoproturon-soaked treatment, but this difference was not significant. There was no significant increase in sprout length, and root length decreased by 1%. Clearly, while gibberellins promote growth, they do not significantly alleviate the phytotoxic effects of isoproturon on wheat seeds. However, wheat seeds soaked in a diluted solution of 1 μM 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid showed a 36% increase in germination rate, 39% increase in sprout length, and 59% increase in root length compared with the isoproturon-soaked treatment. The above results show that 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid seed soaking treatment can effectively alleviate the phytotoxicity of isoproturon in wheat seed soaking agent, with the best effect at a concentration of 1 μM, and it is not due to its growth-promoting activity.

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Claims

1. The use of 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid in the preparation of a plant damage alleviating agent, characterized in that: Use of 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid in the preparation of a phytotoxicity alleviating agent for alleviating damage to gramineous crop seed germination and / or seedlings caused by fluazifop, pentamethylenetetracycline, and chlorpyrifos, wherein the concentration of the 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid is 0.1 to 10 μM; Use of 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid in the preparation of a phytotoxicity alleviating agent for alleviating damage to seed germination and / or seedlings of gramineous crops caused by cypermethrin and ethylalicin, wherein the concentration of the 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid is 0.1 to 10 μM; The invention discloses a use of 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid in the preparation of a phytotoxicity alleviating agent for alleviating the damage of isoproturon to seed germination and / or seedlings of gramineous crops, wherein the concentration of the 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid is 0.01-1 μM.

2. The application of 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid in alleviating plant phytotoxicity is characterized by: Use of 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid in alleviating damage to seed germination and / or seedlings of gramineous crops caused by fluazifop, pentamethylenetetracycline, and chlorpyrifos, wherein the concentration of the 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid is 0.1 to 10 μM; Use of 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid in alleviating damage to seed germination and / or seedlings of gramineous crops caused by cypermethrin and ethylalicin, wherein the concentration of the 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid is 0.1 to 10 μM; The invention discloses a use of 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid in alleviating the damage of isoproturon to seed germination and / or seedlings of gramineous crops, wherein the concentration of the 3-methyl-2-methylaminovaleric acid is 0.01-1 μM.

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