A method for quickly growing seedlings from sweet cherry seeds

Abstract

The present invention provides a method for quickly growing seedlings from sweet cherry seeds, which relates to the field of growing seedlings from sweet cherry seeds. The method includes separating the pulp from the fruit pit of the sweet cherry fruit, putting the fruit pit into a fine mesh bag, washing it, soaking it in a disinfectant solution, rinsing it, and drying the fruit pit after draining the water; putting the stored fruit pit into a container, soaking it, floating out the floating seeds, and reserving the fruit pit at the bottom for later use; knocking the reserved fruit pit to break the pit shell, taking out the kernel, and using the kernel as the sweet cherry seed; after rinsing the sweet cherry seed, putting it into an exogenous hormone solution, and standing it still in the dark at room temperature, disinfecting the treated sweet cherry seed, placing the disinfected sweet cherry seed on a culture dish lined with wet filter paper, and putting the culture dish into an artificial climate chamber; when 90% of the sweet cherry seeds turn green, sowing them in a nutrient bowl filled with vermiculite, watering, and spraying a nutrient solution on the emerged seedlings; hardening off the seedlings, and when the seedlings grow to 10 cm in height, transplanting them to a greenhouse. The present invention can effectively and quickly break the dormancy of the seeds and enable the sweet cherry seeds to germinate quickly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of sweet cherry seedling formation, and more specifically, to a method for rapidly forming seedlings from sweet cherry seeds. Background Art

[0002] Sweet cherry (cerasum and Cerasus), also known as Western cherry, is generally called "cherry" in the southern region. It originated from the Black Sea coast of Europe and the western part of Asia. It is the earliest fruit to be listed in spring after Chinese cherry, so it has the laudatory name of "the first branch of spring fruits". Its fruits are brightly colored, crystal clear and beautiful, red like agate and yellow like congealed fat, and are particularly rich in nutrition. The fruits are rich in sugar, protein, vitamins and various elements such as calcium, iron, phosphorus and potassium, so it is known as "the treasure among fruits".

[0003] The main sweet cherry varieties cultivated in China

[0004] are mainly European and American varieties, which perform very well in some northern regions of China. Since European sweet cherries generally require a low temperature of 0 - 7.2°C for 600 - 1400 hours to complete winter dormancy, it restricts large-scale cultivation in the south of China. The sweet cherry seeds are oblong or round, with transverse and longitudinal diameters of 9.0 - 10.0 mm × 9.0 - 12.0 mm, the thickness of the nuclear shell is 1.2 - 1.4 mm, and the transverse and longitudinal diameters of the kernel are 4.0 - 5.0 mm × 6.0 - 7.0 mm. Its seeds have a hard outer shell. Due to the structural obstacles of the seed nucleus and the incomplete development of the seed embryo, the viable seed embryo cannot germinate and grow. According to breeding experience, researchers have explored the method of sand storage stratification to break the long-term dormancy. Although it can germinate partially, the emergence rate is still very low, and it cannot meet the requirements of efficient and rapid breeding. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a method for rapidly forming seedlings from sweet cherry seeds, which can effectively and rapidly break the dormancy of the seeds and enable the sweet cherry seeds to emerge quickly.

[0006] To achieve the above technical purpose, the present invention provides a method for rapidly forming seedlings from sweet cherry seeds, including the following steps:

[0007] S1, Collect mature sweet cherry fruits, peel the pulp from the fruit stones, then put the fruit stones into a fine mesh bag, wash them thoroughly, soak them in a disinfectant for 15 minutes, rinse them 3 times with distilled water, and after draining the water, store the fruit stones at room temperature in a cool and ventilated place to dry;

[0008] S2, Put the stored fruit stones into a container, soak them with clean water, float out the floating seeds, and reserve the fruit stones at the bottom for use;

[0009] S3. Use a wire to circle a 1-cm diameter circle on the spare fruit pit in step S2, leaving a handle part. Place the fruit pit into the ring and use a hammer to break the shell of the fruit pit, then take out the kernel inside the fruit pit, and use the kernel as sweet cherry seeds.

[0010] S4. After rinsing the sweet cherry seeds with sterile water, place them into an exogenous hormone solution and let them stand still in the dark at room temperature for 20 h. The exogenous hormone solution is a mixture of 100 mg / L of cyanamide, 100 mg / L of GA3, and 15 mg / L of NAA.

[0011] S5. Disinfect the sweet cherry seeds processed in step S4 with 75% alcohol, and then disinfect them with 84 disinfectant. Place the disinfected sweet cherry seeds neatly and at intervals on a culture dish lined with moist filter paper, and put the culture dish into an artificial climate chamber.

[0012] S6. When 90% of the sweet cherry seeds turn green, or the radicle grows to 3 cm, or two cotyledons grow out, sow them in a nutrient bowl filled with vermiculite, water the nutrient bowl, and spray nutrient solution into the nutrient bowl every 3 days after emergence.

[0013] S7. Harden off the seedlings. When the seedlings grow to 10 cm in height, transplant them to a greenhouse.

[0014] Preferably, the disinfectant in step S1 is 84 disinfectant.

[0015] Preferably, in step S2, put the stored fruit pits into a container and soak them in clean water for 6 - 8 hours.

[0016] Preferably, the wire in step S3 is No. 9 wire.

[0017] Preferably, in step S4, rinse the sweet cherry seeds with sterile water 3 - 5 times.

[0018] Preferably, in step S5, disinfect the sweet cherry seeds in 75% alcohol for 30 s.

[0019] Preferably, in step S5, disinfect the sweet cherry seeds with 84 disinfectant for 15 min.

[0020] Preferably, in step S5, the daytime environmental humidity in the artificial climate chamber is set to 65%, the light intensity is set to 60%, the light time is 16 h, and the environmental temperature is set to 24℃ ± 2; the nighttime environmental humidity in the artificial climate chamber is set to 65%, the light intensity is set to 33%, the light time is 8 h, and the environmental temperature is set to 24℃ ± 2.

[0021] Preferably, in step S6, the nutrient bowl contains vermiculite that has been sterilized at high temperature.

[0022] Preferably, the nutrient solution sprayed in step S6 includes 0.0125% naphthylacetic acid, 0.0125% indolebutyric acid, 0.165% ammonium nitrate, 0.19% ammonium nitrate, 0.02% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 0.04% magnesium sulfate.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0024] (1) A method for rapid seedling formation of sweet cherry seeds proposed in the present invention utilizes mature sweet cherry fruits, mechanically breaks the seed coat of the sweet cherry fruits, takes out the kernels as sweet cherry seeds, and through short-term treatment with GA3, can quickly break the dormancy of sweet cherry seeds without the need for low-temperature treatment. The seeds with broken dormancy are planted in nutrient pots and sprayed with nutrient solution, and then cultivated in an artificial climate chamber to make the seeds mature and germinate quickly into seedlings.

[0025] (2) The method for rapid seedling formation of sweet cherry seeds proposed in the present invention has strong operability, does not require removing the seed coat, is suitable for large-scale processing, is less affected by the outside world, and only takes about 20 days from sweet cherry seed treatment to final emergence, which can achieve the purpose of rapid seedling formation in a short time. The germination speed is fast, the germination rate reaches more than 96.8%, and the germination rate can be increased by 35% compared with the existing sand storage stratification treatment method, and the emergence rate can reach more than 71.5%. Description of the Drawings

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required to be used in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0027] Figure 1 It is a germination diagram of sweet cherry seeds 4 days after the sweet cherry seeds of the present invention are put into an artificial climate chamber;

[0028] Figure 2 It is a germination diagram of sweet cherry seeds 7 days after the sweet cherry seeds of the present invention are put into an artificial climate chamber;

[0029] Figure 3 It is a germination diagram of sweet cherry seeds 10 days after the sweet cherry seeds of the present invention are put into an artificial climate chamber;

[0030] Figure 4 It is an emergence diagram of sweet cherry seeds 20 days after sowing the radicles of sweet cherry seeds of the present invention in nutrient pots. Detailed Embodiments

[0031] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part rather than all of the embodiments of the present invention. Components of the embodiments of the present invention usually described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed present invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] The present invention provides a method for rapid seedling formation of sweet cherry seeds, comprising the following steps:

[0033] S1, Collect mature sweet cherry fruits, peel the pulp and the fruit stones of the sweet cherry fruits, then put the fruit stones into a fine mesh bag, wash them thoroughly, soak them in 84 disinfectant for 15 minutes, rinse them 3 times with distilled water, and store the fruit stones in a cool and ventilated place at room temperature for drying after draining the water;

[0034] S2, Put the stored fruit stones into a container, soak them in clean water for 6 - 8 hours, float out the floating seeds, and reserve the fruit stones at the bottom for use;

[0035] S3, Use a No. 9 iron wire to circle out a circular ring with a diameter of 1 cm from the reserved fruit stones in step S2 to keep the hand-held part, put the fruit stones into the circular ring, and use a hammer to strike to break the shell of the fruit stones, take out the kernels in the fruit stones, and use the kernels as sweet cherry seeds; put the fruit stones into the circular ring, and then use a hammer to strike. The circular ring can play a supporting role and can prevent the hammer from exerting too much force and damaging the kernels, thus better protecting the kernels from damage;

[0036] S4, After rinsing the sweet cherry seeds 3 - 5 times with sterile water, put them into an exogenous hormone solution and let them stand still in the dark at room temperature for 20 hours. The exogenous hormone solution is a mixed solution of 100 mg / L of cyanamide, 100 mg / L of GA3, and 15 mg / L of NAA;

[0037] S5, Disinfect the sweet cherry seeds processed in step S4 in 75% alcohol for 30 seconds, and then disinfect them with 84 disinfectant for 15 minutes. Arrange the disinfected sweet cherry seeds neatly and at intervals on a culture dish lined with moist filter paper, and put the culture dish into an artificial climate chamber; arranging them at intervals avoids the sweet cherry seeds from contacting each other. Among them, the filter paper cannot be placed in two layers or more, which is likely to cause excessive moisture and damage to the embryos;

[0038] Further, in step S5, the environmental humidity during the day in the artificial climate chamber is set to 65%, the light intensity is set to 60%, the light duration is 16 h, and the environmental temperature is set to 24°C ± 2; the environmental humidity at night in the artificial climate chamber is set to 65%, the light intensity is set to 33%, the light duration is 8 h, and the environmental temperature is set to 24°C ± 2.

[0039] In summary, using the method in the present invention to germinate sweet cherry seeds in an artificial climate chamber for about 10 days can effectively and rapidly break the dormancy of the seeds.

[0040] S6. When 90% of the sweet cherry seeds turn green or the radicle grows to 3 cm or two cotyledons emerge, sow them in a nutrient bowl filled with vermiculite, water the nutrient bowl, and spray a nutrient solution into the nutrient bowl every 3 days after emergence.

[0041] Further, the vermiculite in the nutrient bowl in step S6 is subjected to high-temperature disinfection.

[0042] Further, the nutrient solution sprayed in step S6 includes 0.0125% naphthylacetic acid, 0.0125% indolebutyric acid, 0.165% ammonium nitrate, 0.19% ammonium nitrate, 0.02% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 0.04% magnesium sulfate.

[0043] The emergence situation of sweet cherry seeds after sowing the radicles in the nutrient bowl is as Figure 4 shown. It can be seen from Figure 4 that almost all sweet cherry seeds have emerged 20 days after the treatment of sweet cherry seeds starts.

[0044] S7. Hardening off. When the seedlings grow to 10 cm in height, transplant them to the greenhouse.

[0045] The present invention can effectively and rapidly break the dormancy of seeds and enable sweet cherry seeds to emerge quickly.

[0046] The germination state of sweet cherry seeds 4 days after being placed in the artificial climate chamber is as Figure 1 shown;

[0047] The germination state of sweet cherry seeds 7 days after being placed in the artificial climate chamber is as Figure 2 shown;

[0048] The germination state of sweet cherry seeds 10 days after being placed in the artificial climate chamber is as Figure 3 shown;

[0049] The emergence state of sweet cherry seeds 20 days after sowing the radicles of sweet cherry in the nutrient bowl is as Figure 4 shown;

[0050] A method for rapid seedling emergence of sweet cherry seeds proposed in the present invention utilizes mature sweet cherry fruits, mechanically breaks the seed coats of the sweet cherry fruits, takes out the kernels as sweet cherry seeds, and through short-term treatment with GA3, can rapidly break the dormancy of sweet cherry seeds without the need for low-temperature treatment. The seeds with broken dormancy are planted in nutrient pots and sprayed with nutrient solutions, and through cultivation in an artificial climate chamber, the seeds can mature from maturity to germination and rapidly emerge as seedlings.

[0051] The method for rapid seedling emergence of sweet cherry seeds proposed in the present invention has strong operability, does not require the removal of the seed coat, is suitable for large-scale processing, is less affected by the outside world, and only takes 20 days from the treatment of sweet cherry seeds to the final emergence of seedlings, which can achieve the purpose of rapid seedling emergence in a short time, has a fast germination speed, and the germination rate reaches more than 96.8%, and the emergence rate can reach more than 71.5%, which can increase the germination rate by 35% compared with the existing sand storage stratification treatment method.

[0052] Finally, it should be noted that the above-described embodiments are only specific embodiments of the present invention, used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. The protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention can still modify or easily conceive of changes to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features; and these modifications, changes or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention. All should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be determined by the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for rapid seedling growth of sweet cherry seeds, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, collecting ripe sweet cherry fruits, peeling the pulp and pits of the sweet cherry fruits, then putting the pits into a fine mesh bag, fully washing, soaking in disinfectant for 15 minutes, rinsing with distilled water for 3 times, filtering the water, and storing the pits in a cool and ventilated place at room temperature to dry; S2, putting the stored fruit cores into a container, soaking them in clean water, floating out the floating seeds, and retaining the fruit cores at the bottom for later use; S3, using a wire to circle the fruit pit reserved in step S2 into a ring with a diameter of 1 cm to retain the hand-held portion, placing the fruit pit in the ring, hitting with a hammer to break the shell of the fruit pit, taking out the seed kernel in the fruit pit, and using the seed kernel as sweet cherry seeds; S4, after washing the sweet cherry seeds with sterile water, putting them into an exogenous hormone solution, and leaving them at room temperature in the dark for 20 hours, wherein the exogenous hormone solution is a mixture of 100 mg / L cyanamide, 100 mg / L GA3, and 15 mg / L NAA; S5, placing the sweet cherry seeds treated in step S4 in 75% alcohol for disinfection, and then disinfecting with 84 disinfectant, placing the disinfected sweet cherry seeds neatly and spaced apart in a culture dish covered with moist filter paper, and placing the culture dish in an artificial climate box; wherein the filter paper cannot be placed in two or more layers; S6, when the sweet cherry seeds turn green by 90% or the radicle grows to 3 cm or two cotyledons grow out, sowing them in a nutrient pot filled with vermiculite, watering the nutrient pot, and spraying a nutrient solution in the nutrient pot every 3 days after the seedlings emerge; S7, hardening the seedlings: when the seedlings grow to 10 cm in height, transplant them to the greenhouse; The disinfectant in step S1 is 84 disinfectant; In step S2, the stored fruit core is placed in a container and soaked in clean water for 6 to 8 hours; The iron wire in step S3 is No. 9 iron wire; In step S4, the sweet cherry seeds are rinsed with sterile water for 3 to 5 times; The sweet cherry seeds in step S5 are placed in 75% alcohol for disinfection for 30 seconds; In step S5, the sweet cherry seeds are disinfected with 84 disinfectant for 15 minutes; In step S5, the daytime ambient humidity in the artificial climate box is set to 65%, the illumination is set to 60%, the illumination time is 16 hours, and the ambient temperature is set to 24°C±2; the nighttime ambient humidity in the artificial climate box is set to 65%, the illumination is set to 33%, the illumination time is 8 hours, and the ambient temperature is set to 24°C±2; The nutrient pot in step S6 contains vermiculite that has been sterilized at high temperature; The nutrient solution sprayed in step S6 includes 0.0125% of naphthylacetic acid, 0.0125% of indolebutyric acid, 0.165% of ammonium nitrate, 0.19% of ammonium nitrate, 0.02% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 0.04% of magnesium sulfate.

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