A submarine cable, a submarine cable forming apparatus, and a forming method.

Abstract

The application provides a submarine cable, a forming device and a forming method of the submarine cable, and relates to the field of submarine cables. The submarine cable comprises an outer protective layer group and a cable assembly. The cable assembly is arranged in a containing cavity. The cable assembly comprises cables, fillers and optical cables. The cables are arranged in the circumferential direction of the outer protective layer group. The adjacent two cables and the outer protective layer group are filled with the fillers. The fillers have closable containing spaces. The optical cables are arranged correspondingly with the fillers. The optical cables are arranged in the containing spaces of the corresponding fillers. The cable comprises a cable core. The cable core comprises a landing section and a submarine section. The outer diameters of the landing section and the submarine section are different. The submarine cable, the forming device and the forming method of the submarine cable provided by the application reduce the design redundancy caused by the reduction of the load flow of the landing section due to the environmental difference, and reduce the production cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of submarine cable technology, and in particular to a submarine cable, a submarine cable forming apparatus and a forming method. Background Technology

[0002] Submarine cable, also known as submarine cable, is a type of cable primarily laid on the seabed for telecommunications transmission.

[0003] Based on the usage environment of submarine cables, submarine cables can be divided into submarine segments and land segments. The submarine segment is the part that is laid directly on the seabed, while the land segment is the part that extends from the seabed to land facilities. Existing submarine cables include an outer protective layer and electrical and optical cables installed in the outer protective layer.

[0004] To ensure the current carrying capacity of submarine cables, the cables must meet the preset specifications. However, the environments of the submarine section and the landing section are quite different, resulting in a reduction in the current carrying capacity of the landing section. As a result, there is design redundancy in the submarine section, leading to high production costs. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above problems, this application provides a submarine cable, a submarine cable forming apparatus and a forming method. By designing the cable in the submarine cable to have landing section and seabed section with different outer diameters, it allows the use of a larger outer diameter cable in the seabed section to meet the high current carrying capacity requirements in the deep-sea environment, while a smaller outer diameter cable is used in the landing section to adapt to the relatively lower current carrying capacity requirements of the landing section. This differentiated design reduces the design redundancy caused by the reduction in current carrying capacity in the landing section due to environmental differences, and reduces production costs.

[0006] This application provides a cable, comprising:

[0007] An outer protective layer group that defines a receiving cavity;

[0008] A cable assembly is disposed within the receiving cavity. The cable assembly includes a cable, a filler, and an optical cable. The cables are multiple cables arranged circumferentially along the outer protective layer group. The filler is used to fill the space between two adjacent cables and the outer protective layer group. The filler has a closable receiving space. The optical cable is disposed corresponding to the filler and is located within the receiving space of the corresponding filler.

[0009] The cable includes a cable core, which comprises a landing section and a submarine section, the two having different outer diameters.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the outer diameter of the landing segment is smaller than the outer diameter of the seabed segment.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the landing section and the seabed section are spaced apart, and the cable core further includes a transition connector disposed between the landing section and the seabed section, with both ends of the transition connector electrically connected to the landing section and the seabed section respectively.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the transition connector is a copper structural component.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the cable further includes a semi-conductive water-resistant binding tape, a shielding layer group, and a semi-conductive buffer water-resistant tape, which are arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside of the cable core along the radial direction of the cable, wherein the thickness of the shielding layer group at the landing section is less than the thickness of the shielding layer group at the seabed section.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the shielding layer group includes a conductor shielding layer, an extruded insulation layer, and an insulating shielding layer that are sequentially arranged from the inside to the outside along the radial direction of the cable and interconnected with each other.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the cable further includes:

[0016] A metal sheath is disposed on the outside of the semi-conductive buffer water-blocking strip;

[0017] A non-metallic sheath layer is disposed on the outside of the metallic sheath layer.

[0018] In one possible implementation, the outer protective layer group includes, in sequence from the inside to the outside along the radial direction of the submarine cable, a cable wrapping layer, a winding padding layer, a metal wire armor layer, and an outer sheath layer.

[0019] In one possible implementation, the wire armor layer includes a first armor section, a second armor section, and a third armor section, wherein the first armor section is located outside the landing section, the second armor section is located outside the transition connector, and the third armor section is located outside the seabed section.

[0020] The first armor section is made of non-magnetic metal wires, the second armor section is made of non-magnetic and magnetic metal wires, and the third armor section is made of magnetic metal wires.

[0021] In one possible implementation, the number of metal wires in the third armor section is less than the number of metal wires in the first armor section.

[0022] In one possible implementation, the filler includes a first filler portion and a second filler portion connected radially along the submarine cable, the first filler portion contacting the outer surface of the cable, and the second filler portion contacting the inner surface of the outer protective layer assembly.

[0023] The first filling part is a semi-conductive structure, and the second filling part is an insulating structure.

[0024] In one possible implementation, the first filler is semi-conductive polyethylene, the second filler is insulating polyethylene, and the filler is formed by co-extrusion of the semi-conductive polyethylene and the insulating polyethylene in one layer.

[0025] In one possible implementation, the filler includes a first closed region and a second closed region symmetrically distributed and connected along the circumference of the submarine cable, defining an accommodating space between the first and second closed regions. A deformation opening is provided on the side of the accommodating space facing the outer protective layer assembly, through which the optical cable is embedded into the accommodating space.

[0026] The first and second closed zones are configured to have prestresses oriented toward each other circumferentially along the submarine cable.

[0027] In one possible implementation, the diameter of the inner wall of the accommodating space is 1.5-2.5 times the diameter of the optical cable; and / or,

[0028] The width of the deformation opening is 3mm-5mm.

[0029] A second aspect of this application provides a forming apparatus for a submarine cable, including the submarine cable described in the first aspect of this application, the forming apparatus comprising:

[0030] The support base includes: a base, a support rod, a first cable reel, a second cable reel, and a third cable reel. The support rod is disposed on the base and extends vertically. The first cable reel and the second cable reel are located on the periphery of the support rod. The first cable reel is used for laying the cable, the second cable reel is used for laying the optical cable, and the third cable reel is used for laying the filler. The second cable reel and the third cable reel are located on the same side of the support rod and are arranged radially along the base.

[0031] A cable positioning platform is provided on the support rod and spaced apart on the upper side of the base. The cable positioning platform is configured to position the cable, the optical cable and the filler respectively.

[0032] A cable stranding platform is provided on the support rod and spaced apart on the upper side of the cable positioning platform. The cable stranding platform is configured to strand the cable, the optical cable and the filler.

[0033] A shaping mold is disposed on the support rod and spaced apart on the upper side of the cable stranding platform. The shaping mold is configured to shape the cable, the optical cable, and the filler.

[0034] In one possible implementation, the cable positioning platform includes a first positioning platform and a second positioning platform, which are spaced apart on the support rod along the vertical direction and each has a positioning channel corresponding to the cable and the optical cable. The cable and the optical cable pass through the corresponding positioning channel and extend toward the cable stranding platform.

[0035] In one possible implementation, the cable stranding platform includes: a pre-formed branching plate and a shaped branching plate, the pre-formed branching plate and the shaped branching plate being spaced apart from each other along the vertical direction on the support rod.

[0036] The preformed wire guide plate is provided with a first wire passage and a second wire passage. The optical cable and the filler are passed through the first wire passage. After passing through the first wire passage, the optical cable enters the accommodating space of the filler and forms a first composite. The cable is passed through the second wire passage.

[0037] The shaping branch plate is configured to shape the cable and the first composite separately.

[0038] The shaping mold twists the cable with the first composite to form a second composite.

[0039] In one possible implementation, a first pressure roller group is provided in the first wire passage, the first pressure roller group including a convex pressure roller and a first concave pressure roller arranged radially opposite to each other along the base, and the filler is inserted between the convex pressure roller and the first concave pressure roller;

[0040] The surface of the convex pressure roller is provided with a protrusion, which is adapted to be inserted into the deformation port of the filler to open the receiving space, and the optical cable is inserted into the receiving space through the deformation port.

[0041] In one possible implementation, the surface of the convex pressure roller is concave, and the concave surface fits into the filler.

[0042] In one possible implementation, the shaped distribution plate is provided with a third cable passage and a fourth cable passage, the first composite material passes through the third cable passage, and the cable passes through the fourth cable passage.

[0043] In one possible implementation, the third wire passage is provided with a second pressure roller group, the second pressure roller group including a second concave pressure roller and a third concave pressure roller arranged radially opposite to each other along the base, and the first composite body passes through the second concave pressure roller and the third concave pressure roller;

[0044] Both the second concave pressure roller and the third concave pressure roller are in contact with the filler.

[0045] In one possible implementation, the shaping mold defines a shaping channel, the shaping channel including a first channel segment and a second channel segment, the first channel segment being located on the side of the second channel segment facing the cable stranding platform, the aperture of the first channel segment gradually decreasing in a vertical direction from the first channel segment toward the second channel segment, and the aperture of the second channel segment being equal to the aperture of the end of the first channel segment facing the second channel segment.

[0046] In one possible implementation, the shaping mold includes a first mold and a second mold, the first mold and the second mold corresponding to the landing section and the seabed section of the cable core, respectively;

[0047] At least one of the first mold and the second mold is disposed on the support rod.

[0048] A third aspect of this application provides a method for forming a submarine cable, including the submarine cable forming apparatus described in the second aspect of this application, the forming method comprising the following steps:

[0049] Connect the landing section and the submarine section of the cable core;

[0050] Form the cable;

[0051] The cable, the optical cable, and the filler strip are twisted and shaped together.

[0052] In one possible implementation, connecting the landing section and the submarine section of the cable core includes:

[0053] The landing section and the seabed section are welded to the transition connector to form the cable core.

[0054] One possible implementation also includes:

[0055] A semi-conductive resistive water binding tape is installed on the outside of the cable core.

[0056] A shielding layer group is provided on the outside of the semiconducting resistive water binding tape;

[0057] A semi-conductive buffer water-blocking strip is provided on the outside of the shielding layer group.

[0058] In one possible implementation, the stranding and shaping of the cable, the optical fiber, and the filler strip includes:

[0059] Position the cable, the optical cable, and the filler strip respectively;

[0060] The optical cable and the filler strip are twisted together to form a first composite.

[0061] The cable and the first composite are twisted and shaped to form a second composite.

[0062] One possible implementation also includes:

[0063] A cable wrapping layer is provided on the outside of the second composite;

[0064] A winding pad layer is provided on the outside of the cable wrapping layer;

[0065] A metal wire armor layer is provided on the outside of the wound pad layer;

[0066] An outer sheath is provided on the outside of the metal wire armor layer.

[0067] The submarine cable, submarine cable forming apparatus, and forming method of this application, by designing the cable in the submarine cable to have landing section and seabed section with different outer diameters, allow the use of larger outer diameter cables in the seabed section to meet the high current carrying capacity requirements in the deep-sea environment, while using smaller outer diameter cables in the landing section to adapt to the relatively lower current carrying capacity requirements of the landing section. This differentiated design reduces the design redundancy caused by the reduction in current carrying capacity in the landing section due to environmental differences, and reduces production costs. Attached Figure Description

[0068] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0069] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the submarine cable according to an embodiment of this application;

[0070] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cable structure at one angle according to an embodiment of this application;

[0071] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of the cable from another angle according to an embodiment of this application;

[0072] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the filler in an embodiment of this application;

[0073] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the optical cable structure according to an embodiment of this application;

[0074] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the metal wire armor layer in an embodiment of this application;

[0075] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a submarine cable forming apparatus according to some embodiments of this application;

[0076] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the cable stranding platform according to some embodiments of this application;

[0077] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the camshaft in some embodiments of this application;

[0078] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second concave pressure roller in some embodiments of this application;

[0079] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a molding die for some embodiments of this application.

[0080] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0081] 100 - Outer protective layer group;

[0082] 110 - Cable wrapping layer; 120 - Spiral wound padding layer; 130 - Metal wire armor layer; 140 - Outer sheath layer;

[0083] 200-Cable Assembly;

[0084] 210 - Cable; 211 - Cable core; 2111 - Landing section; 2112 - Submarine section; 2113 - Transition connector; 212 - Semiconductor resistive water binding tape; 213 - Shielding layer assembly; 2131 - Conductor shielding layer; 2132 - Extruded insulation layer; 2133 - Insulating shielding layer; 214 - Metallic sheath; 215 - Non-metallic sheath layer;

[0085] 220 - Filler; 220a - First filling part; 220b - Second filling part; 221 - First closed area; 222 - Second closed area; 223 - Accommodating space; 224 - Deformation opening;

[0086] 230 - Optical cable; 231 - Optical fiber unit; 232 - Outer steel tube; 233 - Semi-conductive sheath;

[0087] 300 - Support base; 310 - Base; 320 - Support rod; 330 - First reel; 340 - Second reel;

[0088] 400 - Cable positioning platform; 410 - First positioning platform; 420 - Second positioning platform;

[0089] 500 - Cable stranding platform; 510 - Pre-formed wire guide plate; 511 - First wire guide channel; 512 - Second wire guide channel; 513 - First pressure roller group; 5131 - Convex pressure roller; 5131a - Protrusion; 520 - Shaped wire guide plate; 521 - Third wire guide channel; 522 - Fourth wire guide channel; 523 - Second pressure roller group; 5231 - Second concave pressure roller;

[0090] 600 - Shaping mold; 610 - Shaping channel; 611 - First channel section; 612 - Second channel section;

[0091] 700-Cable wrapping assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0092] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of the embodiments of this application more apparent and understandable, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0093] Submarine cables, also known as submarine cables, are cables primarily laid on the seabed for telecommunications transmission. Compared to conventional cables on land, submarine cables offer advantages such as faster construction, stronger anti-interference capabilities, and better security. With the development of new energy industries such as offshore wind power, submarine cables have shown broad application prospects in power transmission.

[0094] Specifically, based on their intended use, submarine cables are mainly divided into two categories: submarine communication cables and submarine power cables. Submarine communication cables are mainly used to transmit communication services such as telephone and internet signals, while submarine power cables are used to transmit electrical energy. Based on their usage environment, submarine cables can be divided into submarine sections and land sections. The submarine section is the part laid directly on the seabed, while the land section is the part that extends from the seabed to land facilities. Existing submarine cables include an outer protective layer and the electrical and optical cables installed within the outer protective layer.

[0095] For submarine power cables, in order to ensure current carrying capacity, the cable specifications (such as cable diameter) must meet the preset value. However, the environment of the submarine section and the landing section are very different, which reduces the current carrying capacity of the landing section. In the existing design, submarine cables are usually produced continuously as a whole with the same cross-section, which results in design redundancy in the submarine section and high production cost.

[0096] In view of this, this application provides a submarine cable, a forming apparatus for a submarine cable, and a forming method. By designing the cable in the submarine cable to have landing section and seabed section with different outer diameters, it allows the use of a larger outer diameter cable in the seabed section to meet the high current carrying capacity requirements in the deep-sea environment, while a smaller outer diameter cable is used in the landing section to adapt to the relatively lower current carrying capacity requirements of the landing section. This differentiated design reduces the design redundancy caused by the reduction in current carrying capacity of the landing section due to environmental differences, and reduces production costs.

[0097] The following is combined Figures 1-6 The submarine cable described in the first aspect of this application.

[0098] refer to Figures 1-3 The submarine cable of this embodiment includes an outer protective layer group 100 and a cable assembly 200.

[0099] The outer protective layer group 100 defines a receiving cavity, and the cable assembly 200 is disposed within the receiving cavity. The cable assembly 200 includes a cable 210, a filler 220, and an optical cable 230. Multiple cables 210 are arranged circumferentially along the outer protective layer group 100. A filler 220 is used to fill the space between two adjacent cables 210 and the outer protective layer group 100. The filler 220 has a closable receiving space 223. The optical cable 230 is arranged correspondingly to the filler 220 and is disposed within the receiving space 223 of the corresponding filler 220. In this way, not only is the overall structural strength of the submarine cable enhanced, but the receiving space 223 of the filler 220 is also used to accommodate the optical cable 230, optimizing the space utilization of the cable assembly 200, avoiding direct contact between the optical cable 230 and the cable 210, and reducing the risk of mutual interference and potential damage. Cable 210 includes cable core 211, which includes landing section 2111 and submarine section 2112. The outer diameters of landing section 2111 and submarine section 2112 are different. For example, cable core 211 can be composed of multiple round metal wires. The cable core 211 is tightly arranged and twisted in multiple layers. During the twisting process, semi-conductive resistive water glue can be filled between the gaps of each layer of round metal wires to achieve a better longitudinal water blocking effect.

[0100] By designing the cable 210 in the submarine cable to have landing section 2111 and seabed section 2112 with different outer diameters, it is possible to use a larger outer diameter cable 210 in the seabed section 2112 to meet the high current carrying capacity requirements in the deep-sea environment, while a smaller outer diameter cable 210 is used in the landing section 2111 to adapt to the relatively lower current carrying capacity requirements of the landing section 2111. This differentiated design reduces the design redundancy caused by the reduction in current carrying capacity of the landing section 2111 due to environmental differences, and reduces production costs.

[0101] In some embodiments, combined with Figure 2The outer diameter of the landing section 2111 is smaller than that of the seabed section 2112. The cable 210 of the seabed section 2112 is designed to be thicker and more robust to ensure that the seabed section 2112 can withstand greater environmental pressure such as water pressure and ocean current scouring, while maintaining sufficient current carrying capacity. In contrast, the landing section 2111 is the part of the cable 210 that extends from the seabed to the land facility. Due to the relatively lower environmental pressure and relatively lower current carrying capacity, and the need for interface docking with land equipment, the landing section 2111 is designed with a smaller outer diameter to avoid design redundancy and reduce production costs.

[0102] In some embodiments, combined with Figure 2 The landing section 2111 and the seabed section 2112 are arranged alternately. The cable core 211 also includes a transition connector 2113, which is located between the landing section 2111 and the seabed section 2112. The two ends of the transition connector 2113 are electrically connected to the landing section 2111 and the seabed section 2112, respectively.

[0103] As can be seen, the transition connector 2113 is a key component between the landing section 2111 and the seabed section 2112, responsible for smoothly transmitting the power or signals transmitted by the seabed section 2112 to the landing section 2111. The design of the transition connector 2113 ensures the stability and reliability of the power transmission process.

[0104] Specifically, the outer diameters of the two ends of the transition connector 2113 are equal to the outer diameters of the landing section 2111 and the seabed section 2112, respectively. For example, the transition connector 2113 is a frustum. Assuming that the axis of the transition connector 2113 is horizontal during welding, the angle between the generatrix of the frustum and the horizontal line during the welding process is no greater than 7°.

[0105] For example, the transition connector 2113 is welded to the landing section 2111 and the seabed section 2112 in layers. Specifically, the welding process uses argon arc welding. It should be noted that the welding parts should be connected completely using welding wire of the same material as the conductor. At the same time, the surface of the welding point should be ground smooth to ensure the connection stability of the weld.

[0106] In some embodiments, combined with Figure 2 The transition connector 2113 is a copper structural component. Copper has low resistivity and high conductivity, and using it as the transition connector 2113 can ensure efficient transmission of power or signals between the landing section 2111 and the seabed section 2112, reducing energy loss.

[0107] In some embodiments, combined with Figure 5The optical cable 230 includes an optical fiber unit 231, and an outer steel tube 232 and a semi-conductive sheath 233 sequentially sleeved outside the optical fiber unit 231 to meet the communication requirements of the submarine cable 210. Compared with the conventional submarine cable 210 optical unit structure, the steel wire armor layer is removed and used in conjunction with the semi-conductive closed filler strip to achieve the effect of equipotentiality. At the same time, the optical unit is lighter, reducing the production cost while meeting the same communication requirements.

[0108] In some embodiments, combined with Figure 1 and Figure 3 The cable 210 also includes a semi-conductive water-resistant binding tape 212, a shielding layer group 213, and a semi-conductive buffer water-resistant tape, which are arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside of the cable core 211 along the radial direction of the cable 210. The semi-conductive water-resistant binding tape 212 mainly provides a certain water-resistant function for the cable core 211 and serves as support for the subsequent shielding layer. At the same time, its semi-conductive material helps to form a smooth electric field transition inside the cable 210, reducing the risk of partial discharge. The metal shielding layer is used to prevent electromagnetic interference and radio frequency interference from affecting the signals inside the cable 210, and also protects the cable 210 from external electromagnetic field interference. The semi-conductive buffer water-resistant tape is wrapped around the outer layer of the shielding layer group 213 to protect the insulating shielding layer 2133 and provide better longitudinal water-resistant function. After the semi-conductive buffer water-resistant tape is wrapped, it needs to be degassed by the core to remove the low-molecular gases generated during the cross-linking reaction of the submarine cable 210, so as to avoid affecting the performance of the submarine cable 210.

[0109] Furthermore, the thickness of the shielding layer group 213 at the landing section 2111 is less than the thickness of the shielding layer group 213 at the seabed section 2112. Specifically, the thickness of the shielding layer group 213 at the transition connector 2113 increases at a preset angle from the seabed section 2112 end to the landing section 2111 end.

[0110] Compared to the seabed section 2112, the landing section 2111 faces less environmental pressure and has relatively lower requirements for water-blocking performance. By reducing the thickness of the water-blocking strip at the landing section 2111, the cost and weight can be reduced while ensuring the performance of the cable 210.

[0111] It should be noted that when wrapping the semi-conductive buffer water-blocking tape, the overlap of the wrapping should be greater than 30%.

[0112] In some embodiments, combined with Figure 1 and Figure 3 The shielding layer group 213 includes a conductor shielding layer 2131, an extruded insulation layer 2132 and an insulating shielding layer 2133, which are arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside along the radial direction of the cable 210 and are interconnected with each other.

[0113] The conductor shielding layer 2131 primarily functions to reduce the unevenness of the electric field caused by the unevenness of the conductor surface, thereby improving the electrical performance of the cable 210 and reducing partial discharge. The conductor shielding layer 2131 is typically made of a semi-conductive material, which helps to uniformly distribute the electric field. The extruded insulation layer 2132 primarily functions to prevent current from flowing from the conductor to the external environment, ensuring the electrical safety and performance of the cable 210. For example, the insulation layer can be made of polymer materials such as polyethylene, cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE), etc. The insulation shielding layer 2133 primarily functions to improve the electric field distribution of the cable 210, especially at the cable 210 terminals and joints, reducing partial discharge and insulation aging caused by electric field concentration.

[0114] Specifically, the conductor shielding layer 2131, the extruded insulation layer 2132, and the insulation shielding layer 2133 can adopt a cross-linked three-layer co-extrusion structure.

[0115] At the transition connector 2113, the conductor shielding layer 2131 is vulcanized using an extrusion die, resulting in a smooth surface. The extruded insulation layer 2132 is formed by treating the original cable 210 structure with a sloping conical surface using a different cross-section. It is then extruded using the same material through an extruder and wrapped between the conductor shielding layer 2131 and the conical surfaces of the electrical units with different cross-sections. After the insulation layer is restored, the transition insulation parts with different cross-sections are heated and cross-linked using a vulcanization die at a temperature of 160°C for a vulcanization time of 30 minutes. During the insulation layer heating, the cable core 211 is also heated at a temperature of 90°C to ensure sufficient cross-linking within the insulation layer and achieve better electrical performance. The same insulating shielding material is used to restore the insulation shielding layer 2133 at the cross-section transition flexible joint. After the insulation shielding layer 2133 is restored, the conical angle at the transition connector 2113 with different cross-sections should not exceed 2°. After the above is completed, use a heating belt to crosslink and degas the 211 joints of different cross-section cable cores. The temperature of the heating belt should be controlled between 85℃ and 100℃, and the heating time should be no less than 20 hours.

[0116] In some embodiments, combined with Figure 2 and Figure 3 The cable 210 also includes a metal sheath 214 and a non-metallic sheath 215, wherein the metal sheath 214 is disposed on the outside of the semi-conductive buffer water-blocking strip; and the non-metallic sheath 215 is disposed on the outside of the metal sheath 214.

[0117] The metallic sheath 214, acting as a radial water-blocking layer, is composed of an extruded alloy lead sheath to function as a metallic shielding layer. Its main function is to provide mechanical protection and corrosion resistance for the cable 210, preventing damage to the internal structure of the cable 210 from external forces and resisting erosion by corrosive media such as seawater. For example, the metallic sheath 214 can be made of high-strength, corrosion-resistant metallic materials, such as alloy copper, stainless steel, or galvanized steel strip. The non-metallic sheath layer 215 protects the metallic sheath from corrosion and wear, while also acting as a radial water-blocking layer to ensure the electrical performance of the cable 210. For example, the non-metallic sheath layer 215 can be made of polymer materials such as polyethylene or polyvinyl chloride.

[0118] In some embodiments, combined with Figure 1 The outer protective layer group 100 includes, from the inside out, the following layers of the coastal cable: cable wrapping layer 110, winding padding layer 120, metal wire armor layer 130, and outer sheath layer 140.

[0119] The cable wrapping layer 110 is disposed adjacent to the cable assembly 200. Its main function is to shape the cable assembly 200, ensuring its neatness and stability. For example, the cable wrapping layer 110 may be made of insulating material or braided fabric. The winding padding layer 120 is located outside the cable wrapping layer 110. As a buffer layer, it absorbs and disperses the external impact force on the cable 210, protecting the cable 210 from mechanical damage. In addition, it can also provide a certain degree of waterproof and moisture-proof function. For example, the winding padding layer 120 may be made of rubber, plastic or other polymer materials, such as polypropylene rope (PP rope).

[0120] The wire armor layer 130, located outside the winding pad layer 120, provides mechanical protection for the cable assembly 200, preventing damage to the cable assembly 200 from external forces (such as ship anchor chains, marine life activities, etc.). In addition, it can enhance the tensile strength and bending resistance of the cable assembly 200. For example, the wire armor layer 130 can be made of metal wires twisted at a certain pitch and angle to form a robust armor layer.

[0121] The outer sheath 140 is the outermost layer of the cable 210, which mainly protects the entire submarine cable from external environmental damage such as seawater corrosion and ultraviolet radiation. In addition, it can also provide identification and marking functions for the cable 210, which facilitates construction and maintenance. For example, the outer sheath 140 can be made of at least one material such as asphalt, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, and polypropylene, such as an outer sheath 140 formed by a combination of asphalt and polypropylene rope (PP rope).

[0122] In some embodiments, combined with Figure 1 and Figure 6The wire armor layer 130 includes a first armor section, a second armor section, and a third armor section. The first armor section is located outside the landing section 2111, the second armor section is located outside the transition connector 2113, and the third armor section is located outside the seabed section 2112. Furthermore, the first armor section is composed of non-magnetic wires, the second armor section is composed of both non-magnetic and magnetic wires, and the third armor section is composed of magnetic wires.

[0123] For example, the magnetic metal wire can be galvanized steel wire. Specifically, depending on the usage conditions, there are variations in strength, such as galvanized low-carbon, medium-carbon, and high-carbon steel wire. The non-magnetic metal wire can be stainless steel wire or copper wire. Magnetic armor is prone to eddy current loss and hysteresis loss during the operation of cable 210, which has a significant impact on the current carrying capacity. The cost of non-magnetic armor materials can increase the current carrying capacity by about (5-15)% compared to conventional magnetic metal wire armor. However, compared to magnetic armor materials, the cost of non-magnetic armor metal wire materials is higher.

[0124] The first armor section is located at landing section 2111. In the face of electromagnetic interference and magnetic field changes in the environment, the use of non-magnetic metal wires can reduce the impact of external magnetic field changes on internal signal transmission, ensuring the stability and accuracy of signal transmission. It can also avoid interaction with surrounding magnetic equipment or structures, reducing potential safety hazards.

[0125] The transition connector 2113 is a crucial component connecting the landing section 2111 and the seabed section 2112. It is susceptible to electromagnetic interference from the landing section 2111 and is also affected by seawater erosion at the land-sea interface. Therefore, the second armor section is constructed using a combination of non-magnetic and magnetic metal wires. The non-magnetic wires provide protection against electromagnetic interference, while the magnetic wires enhance the structural strength of the armor layer. The third armor layer is located on the outside of the seabed section 2112 in a relatively stable deep-sea environment. The use of a magnetic metal wire armor layer 130 enhances the overall strength and corrosion resistance of the submarine cable.

[0126] It is evident that the design of the second and third armored sections ensures performance and strength. Furthermore, since the raw material cost of magnetic metal wires is lower than that of non-magnetic metal wires, the combination design of non-magnetic and magnetic metal wires in the second armored section, as well as the metal wire design in the third armored section, also reduces the manufacturing cost of submarine cables.

[0127] In some embodiments, combined with Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 6Since the outer diameter of the transition connector 2113 gradually transitions from the outer diameter of the landing section 2111 to the outer diameter of the seabed section 2112, the number of metal wires in the metal wire armor layer 130 set outside the transition connector 2113 also changes. Specifically, the newly added metal wires are embedded at intervals according to the distribution of the metal wires of the submarine cable at one end section. The ends of the metal wires are lapped on both sides of the two adjacent metal wires by argon arc welding. After welding, the anti-corrosion coating is completely applied, and the armor is continuously produced to complete the continuous welding transition of different metal wires.

[0128] In some embodiments, combined with Figure 1 and Figure 4 The filler 220 includes a first filler portion 220a and a second filler portion 220b that are radially connected to the coastal cable. The first filler portion 220a is in contact with the outer surface of the cable 210, and the second filler portion 220b is in contact with the inner surface of the outer protective layer group 100. The first filler portion 220a is a semi-conductive structure, and the second filler portion 220b is an insulating structure.

[0129] The filler 220 is used to fill the space inside the cable 210 to ensure the integrity and stability of the cable 210 structure. The first filler 220a is designed as a semi-conductive structure with a certain degree of conductivity. This helps to form a smooth electrical transition area inside the cable 210, reducing the risk of electric field distortion and partial discharge, thereby improving the electrical insulation performance and operational safety of the cable 210. In addition, the second filler 220b is designed as an insulating structure, providing an electrical isolation layer between the inside of the cable 210 and the outer protective layer group. This helps to prevent current from flowing from the inside of the cable 210 to the outer protective layer, reducing the risk of electrical faults.

[0130] In some embodiments, combined with Figure 4 The first filler part 220a is semi-conductive polyethylene, the second filler part 220b is insulating polyethylene, and the filler 220 is integrally formed by double-layer co-extrusion of semi-conductive polyethylene and insulating polyethylene.

[0131] Semiconducting polyethylene and insulating polyethylene are extruded simultaneously in the same production process through a double-layer co-extrusion molding technology, forming a filler 220 with a complex structure. This technology reduces manufacturing costs and cycle time, improves production efficiency, and ensures tight bonding and uniformity between the layers of the filler 220. In addition, the polyethylene filler 220 is environmentally friendly, achieving environmental protection.

[0132] For example, the overall height of the semi-conductive component is half the height of the filler 220 fan to ensure the stability of the extrusion molding of the semi-conductive and insulating polyethylene, so as to achieve better support strength and ensure the roundness of the cable after cabling. The fan-shaped arc of the filler 220 can be 55° to 65°, and the specific value of the fan-shaped angle is determined according to the actual contact area position of the outer diameter of the cable core 211.

[0133] Furthermore, in combination Figure 1 The first filling part 220a has an arc-shaped notch, which is fitted to the outer wall of the cable 210.

[0134] In some embodiments, combined with Figure 1 As shown in Figure 4, the filler 220 includes a first closed area 221 and a second closed area 222 that are circumferentially symmetrically distributed and connected along the submarine cable. The first closed area 221 and the second closed area 222 are circumferentially symmetrically distributed along the submarine cable, maintaining the balance and stability of the filler 220. In addition, the symmetrical distribution can reduce stress concentration caused by asymmetrical structure and improve the durability of the cable 210. A receiving space 223 is defined between the first closed area 221 and the second closed area 222. A deformation opening 224 is provided on the side of the receiving space 223 facing the outer protective layer assembly 100. The optical cable 230 is embedded into the receiving space 223 through the deformation opening 224. Thus, when the cable wrapping layer 110 is wound, the tightness of the cable wrapping layer 110 will reduce the compression of the deformation opening 224, enhance the compactness of the cable assembly 200, and improve the stability of the submarine cable.

[0135] In addition, the first sealing area 221 and the second sealing area 222 are respectively configured to have circumferential prestresses facing each other along the optical cable. This prestress can ensure that after the optical cable 230 is embedded, the filler 220 can tightly wrap the optical cable 230 to prevent it from loosening or shifting. It also helps to improve the support and protection of the filler 220 for the optical cable 230 and reduce the risk of damage to the optical cable 230 caused by external stress.

[0136] For example, the accommodating space 223 is an arc shape that matches the diameter of the optical cable 230. The diameter of the arc can be 1.8-2.2 times the diameter of the optical cable 230 to ensure that the optical unit uses a tightly fitted semi-conductive molding area during operation to achieve an equipotential effect.

[0137] Specifically, after being stranded and twisted, it achieves the same potential as the cable 210 and optical cable 230, which plays a role in reducing losses during the operation of the submarine cable 210 and improves the transmission capacity of the submarine cable 210; the deformation opening design of the filler 220 makes the stranded cable form a shaped surface without any extra gaps, which better ensures the roundness and stability of the forming.

[0138] In some embodiments, combined with Figure 1 and Figure 4 The diameter of the inner wall of the accommodating space 223 is 1.5-2.5 times the diameter of the optical cable 230. The larger inner wall diameter can provide more space for the optical cable 230, reduce the contact pressure between the optical cable 230 and the inner wall of the accommodating space 223, and avoid the compression of the optical cable 230 caused by the shrinkage of the deformation opening 224 and the accommodating space 223 when the cabling wrapping layer 110 is tightly wrapped around the cable assembly 200, thereby reducing the risk of damage to the optical cable 230. In addition, the appropriate inner wall diameter can make it easier for the optical cable 230 to be embedded in the accommodating space 223, reducing the resistance and difficulty in the construction process.

[0139] In some embodiments, combined with Figure 1 and Figure 4 The width of the deformable opening 224 is 3mm-5mm. An appropriate width of the deformable opening 224 allows the optical cable 230 to pass through smoothly and be embedded in the receiving space 223. However, an excessively narrow deformable opening 224 will increase the difficulty of embedding the optical cable 230 and may even damage the optical cable 230. The specific value can be selected according to the actual situation to ensure the smooth passage of the optical cable 230. No restrictions are imposed here.

[0140] In addition, for example, the overall sector width of the filler 220 can be 1-1.5 times the outer diameter of the cable core 211, and the overall sector height of the filler 220 can be 0.4-0.8 times the outer diameter of the cable core 211.

[0141] The following is combined Figures 1-11 Describes a forming apparatus for a submarine cable according to the second aspect of this application.

[0142] Combination Figure 7 and Figure 8 The forming device for submarine cables includes a support base 300, a cable positioning platform 400, a cable stranding platform 500, and a forming mold 600.

[0143] The support base 300 includes a base 310, a support rod 320, a first cable reel 330, a second cable reel 340, and a third cable reel. The support rod 320 is located on the base 310 and extends vertically. The first cable reel 330 and the second cable reel 340 are located around the support rod 320. The first cable reel 330 is used to lay out the cable 210. The first cable reel 330 carries the entire cable 210 spliced ​​from cable cores 211 with different cross-sections. The second cable reel 340 is used to lay out the optical cable 230. The tension control of the second cable reel 340 is an active tension control to solve the tension change during the stranding and laying process of the optical cable 230, and better ensure the integrated cabling process of the optical cable 230.

[0144] The third reel is used to lay out the filler 220. The second reel 340 and the third reel are located on the same side of the support rod 320 and arranged radially along the base 310. The cable positioning platform 400 is located on the support rod 320 and is spaced apart on the upper side of the base 310. The cable positioning platform 400 is configured to position the cable 210, optical cable 230 and filler 220 respectively. The cable positioning platform 400 accurately positions the cable 210, optical cable 230 and filler 220 respectively, and ensures that these materials can be arranged in the predetermined position during the subsequent stranding process, thereby improving the overall performance of the submarine cable.

[0145] A cable stranding platform 500 is located on the support rod 320 and is spaced above the cable positioning platform 400. The cable stranding platform 500 is configured to strand and shape the cable 210, optical cable 230, and filler 220. A shaping mold 600 is located on the support rod 320 and is spaced above the cable stranding platform 500. The shaping mold 600 is configured to shape the cable 210, optical cable 230, and filler 220.

[0146] The cable stranding platform 500 is used to strand the pre-positioned cable 210, optical cable 230, and filler 220. During the stranding process, the components are intertwined at a certain ratio and angle to form a submarine cable with a specific structure. The design of the stranding platform ensures the stability and consistency of the stranding process. The shaping mold 600 shapes the stranded cable 210, optical cable 230, and filler 220 with specific shapes and sizes to achieve the expected structural and performance requirements. For example, three sets of first reels 330, second reels 340, and third reels are provided, and correspondingly, three sets of cable 210, optical cable 230, and filler 220 are also provided. The three sets of components are positioned by the cable positioning platform 400 and stranded by the cable stranding platform 500, and finally pass through the shaping mold 600 to achieve the shaping of the cable assembly 200.

[0147] In some embodiments, combined with Figure 7 The submarine cable forming device also includes a cable wrapping assembly 700, which is used to wrap the submarine cable assembly passing through the forming mold 600 with a cable wrapping layer 110, further realizing the shaping of the cable assembly 200.

[0148] In some embodiments, combined with Figure 7 The cable positioning platform 400 includes a first positioning platform 410 and a second positioning platform 420. The first positioning platform 410 and the second positioning platform 420 are arranged vertically at intervals on the support rod 320, and each is provided with a positioning channel corresponding to the cable 210 and the optical cable 230. The cable 210 and the optical cable 230 are respectively passed through the corresponding positioning channel and extend toward the cable stranding platform 500.

[0149] Specifically, the first positioning platform 410 is set at a preset height according to actual needs to provide initial support and positioning for the cable, ensuring that the cable can be accurately laid in the predetermined direction at the beginning stage, and initially fixing the position of the cable to prevent it from sagging or shifting. The second positioning platform 420 is set at a certain distance from the first positioning platform 410 in the vertical direction. In addition to continuing to provide support and positioning for the cable, the second positioning platform 420 also plays a role in sharing the weight of the cable, reducing the bending stress of the cable, and protecting the cable from mechanical damage.

[0150] In some embodiments, combined with Figure 7 and Figure 8 The cable stranding platform 500 includes a pre-formed branch plate 510 and a shaped branch plate 520. The pre-formed branch plate 510 and the shaped branch plate 520 are arranged vertically at intervals on the support rod 320. The pre-formed branch plate 510 is provided with a first cable passage 511 and a second cable passage 512. The optical cable 230 and the filler 220 pass through the first cable passage 511. After passing through the first cable passage 511, the optical cable 230 enters the accommodating space 223 of the filler 220 and forms a first composite. The cable 210 passes through the second cable passage 512.

[0151] Furthermore, the shaping and separating plate 520 is configured to shape the cable 210 and the first composite separately, and the shaping mold 600 twists the cable 210 and the first composite together to form the second composite.

[0152] The pre-formed branch plate 510 is the initial stage of the cable stranding process, responsible for arranging and combining the optical cable 230, cable 210, and filler 220 according to a predetermined order and position. The first cable passage 511 is used for threading the optical cable 230 and filler 220. After passing through this passage, the optical cable 230 combines with the filler 220 to form a first composite. The shaping branch plate 520 is located above the pre-formed branch plate 510, further organizing and shaping the cable 210 and the first composite to ensure that they can enter the subsequent processes in a stable and compact state. The shaping mold 600 is responsible for stranding the cable 210 and the first composite to form a second composite, namely the cable assembly 200. During the stranding process, the cable 210 and the first composite will rotate and intertwine according to a certain stranding ratio and direction to enhance the overall strength and stability of the cable bundle.

[0153] It should be noted that the shaping mold 600 is connected to a mechanical transmission system. The shaping mold 600 is driven to rotate by the motor or other power device of the mechanical transmission system, thereby realizing the twisting of the cable. After the twisting is completed, the second composite material will present a tight and stable structure so that it can pass through the shaping mold 600 in the future.

[0154] The cable stranding platform 500, through the synergistic action of the pre-forming branch plate 510, the shaping branch plate 520 and the shaping mold 600, realizes the stranding of the cable 210, the optical cable 230 and the filler 220, thereby improving the forming quality and efficiency of the cable assembly 200.

[0155] In some embodiments, combined with Figure 4 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 The first pressure roller group 513 is provided in the first wire passage 511. The first pressure roller group 513 includes a convex pressure roller 5131 and a first concave pressure roller arranged radially opposite to each other along the base 310. The filler 220 passes through the convex pressure roller 5131 and the first concave pressure roller.

[0156] The surface of the convex roller 5131 is provided with a protrusion 5131a, which is adapted to be inserted into the deformation port 224 of the filler 220 to open the accommodating space 223, and the optical cable 230 is inserted into the accommodating space 223 through the deformation port 224.

[0157] The first pressure roller assembly 513 includes a convex pressure roller 5131 and a first concave pressure roller. The convex pressure roller 5131 is located on the side of the filler 220 where the deformation opening 224 is provided, and the first concave pressure roller is located on the other side of the filler 220 and provides guidance for the filler 220. The convex pressure roller 5131 has an outwardly protruding protrusion 5131a, which is used to match the deformation opening 224 of the filler 220. When the first pressure roller assembly 513 is working, the protrusion 5131a will be inserted into the deformation opening 224, causing the deformation opening 224 to expand, thereby opening the accommodating space 223, allowing the optical cable 230 to... The cable 230 and the filler 220 pass through the first cable channel 511 easily and are easily embedded. Specifically, as the optical cable 230 and the filler 220 pass through the first cable channel 511, the protrusion 5131a contacts the deformation opening 224 of the filler 220. As the filler 220 moves forward, the deformation opening 224 is expanded. Because the distance between the filler 220 and the optical cable 230 continuously decreases during their journey, after the optical cable 230 passes through the first cable channel 511, it passes through the deformation opening 224 and is guided into the receiving space 223. As the optical cable 230 continues to advance, the deformation opening 224 returns to its original position, and the first composite is formed. This automated embedding process improves the twisting efficiency of the cable assembly 200, reduces the need for manual intervention, and lowers costs.

[0158] In some embodiments, the end of the protrusion 5131a is provided with a pointed tip to facilitate the insertion of the protrusion 5131a into the deformable opening 224.

[0159] In some embodiments, combined with Figure 8 and Figure 10 The surface of the convex roller 5131 is concave, and the concave surface fits into the filler 220.

[0160] The concave design of the convex pressure roller 5131 ensures that when the protrusion 5131a is inserted into the deformation port 224, the surface of the convex pressure roller 5131 fits against the filler 220, providing stable guidance and support for the insertion of the optical cable 230. This helps to clamp the filler 220 more stably when the pressure roller group is working, preventing it from sliding or shifting, and ensuring the movement stability of the filler 220.

[0161] In some embodiments, combined with Figure 8 The shaped wire distribution plate 520 is provided with a third wire passage 521 and a fourth wire passage 522. The first composite material passes through the third wire passage 521, and the cable 210 passes through the fourth wire passage 522.

[0162] The third wire passage 521 is provided with a second pressure roller group 523. The second pressure roller group 523 includes a second concave pressure roller 5231 and a third concave pressure roller arranged radially opposite to each other along the base 310. The first composite body passes between the second concave pressure roller 5231 and the third concave pressure roller. Both the second concave pressure roller 5231 and the third concave pressure roller are in contact with the filler 220.

[0163] The second concave pressure roller 5231 and the third concave pressure roller are arranged radially opposite to each other along the base 310, that is, they are located on both sides of the path through which the first composite is installed. The second concave pressure roller 5231 and the third concave pressure roller are in contact with the filler 220, so that the second concave pressure roller 5231 and the third concave pressure roller form a clamping arrangement. This arrangement helps to ensure that the first composite maintains a stable posture and position when passing through the third wire passage 521, and prevents the first composite from shaking or shifting during transmission. In this way, the first composite can be stably passed through the third wire passage 521, reducing the risk of damage caused by vibration or external force, and providing a stable transmission environment for the first composite.

[0164] In some embodiments, combined with Figure 7 and Figure 11 The shaping mold 600 defines a shaping channel 610, which includes a first channel segment 611 and a second channel segment 612. The first channel segment 611 is located on the side of the second channel segment 612 facing the cable stranding platform 500. In the vertical direction from the first channel segment 611 to the second channel segment 612, the aperture of the first channel segment 611 gradually decreases, and the aperture of the second channel segment 612 is equal to the aperture of the end of the first channel segment 611 facing the second channel segment 612.

[0165] For example, the length of the first channel segment 611 can be the outer diameter of the cable assembly 200 after cabling + (5-9) mm to ensure the shaping effect, and the length of the second channel segment 612 can be the length of the first channel segment 611 + (6-12) mm to ensure the forming effect.

[0166] The shaping mold 600 is used to ensure that the cable assembly 200 is accurately shaped under the preset outer diameter requirements. When the cable enters the shaping channel 610, it first passes through the first channel section 611. Since the diameter of the first channel section 611 gradually decreases in the vertical direction and from the first channel section 611 towards the second channel section 612, it then enters the second channel, which helps to guide the cable assembly 200 to gradually adapt and shrink to the required preset size. The second channel is used to maintain the stable size of the cable after shaping, ensuring that the cable has the required shape and size accuracy when it leaves the shaping mold 600.

[0167] Specifically, during the shaping process, each cable first passes through a stranding platform to form a second composite, namely cable assembly 200. Cable assembly 200 enters the first channel section 611 of the shaping mold 600. The aperture of the first channel section 611 gradually decreases, and the cable assembly 200 is subjected to uniform compression and shaping as it passes through, gradually reaching the required size and shape. When the cable assembly 200 enters the second channel section 612, the size has stabilized. The second channel section 612 plays the role of maintaining this stable state, thus achieving precise shaping and efficient production of cable assembly 200.

[0168] In some embodiments, combined with Figure 7 The shaping mold 600 includes a first mold and a second mold, which correspond to the landing section 2111 and the seabed section 2112 of the cable core 211, respectively. The outer diameter of the seabed section 2112 is larger than that of the landing section 2111. Therefore, when the seabed section 2112 and the landing section 2111 form the cable assembly 200, the outer diameters of the two sections are different, and the specifications of the first mold and the second mold are also different. The first mold is responsible for shaping the landing section 2111 of the cable assembly 200 according to the preset shape and size, and the second mold is responsible for shaping the seabed section 2112 of the cable assembly 200 according to the preset shape and size. The specific specifications can be selected according to actual needs and are not limited here.

[0169] In some embodiments, combined with Figure 7At least one of the first mold and the second mold is mounted on the support rod 320. In one example, the support rod 320 has a mold fixing position for fixing the first mold and the second mold. The first mold and the second mold are detachably mounted on the mold fixing position for timely assembly and disassembly before cable formation in the landing section 2111 or the seabed section 2112. In another example, the support rod 320 has a mold fixing position, and the first mold and the second mold are interconnected and rotatably mounted on the support rod 320, so that the first mold or the second mold can be rotated and positioned at the mold fixing position before cable formation in the landing section 2111 or the seabed section 2112. It should be noted that the arrangement of the first mold and the second mold includes, but is not limited to, the above examples, as long as they are stably installed. During the production process, the mold 600 can be fine-tuned or replaced according to the actual situation to meet different production needs.

[0170] The following is combined Figures 1-11 This application describes a method for forming a submarine cable according to a third aspect.

[0171] Combination Figure 2 The forming method includes the following steps: connecting the landing section 2111 and the submarine section 2112 of the cable core 211 of the cable 210 to ensure the integrity of the cable 210; forming the cable 210; and twisting and shaping the cable 210, optical cable 230 and filler strip.

[0172] In some embodiments, combined with Figure 2 The process involves connecting the landing section 2111 and the submarine section 2112 of the cable core 211 of cable 210, including welding the landing section 2111 and the submarine section 2112 to the transition connector 2113 respectively to form the cable core 211. Specifically, before welding, the end faces of the landing section 2111 and the submarine section 2112 need to be cleaned and treated to remove possible oxides, oil, impurities, etc., to ensure the quality of the welded joint.

[0173] In some embodiments, combined with Figure 2 and Figure 3 The forming method further includes: setting a semi-conductive water-resistant binding tape 212 on the outside of the cable core 211, tightly wrapping the semi-conductive water-resistant binding tape 212 around the outside of the cable core 211 to ensure that there are no gaps between the binding tape and the cable core 211, so as to achieve a good water-blocking effect; setting a shielding layer group 213 on the outside of the semi-conductive water-resistant binding tape 212 to ensure that the shielding layer group 213 and the semi-conductive water-resistant binding tape 212 are tightly fitted together without gaps or gaps; setting a semi-conductive buffer water-blocking tape on the outside of the shielding layer group 213 to ensure that it is tightly fitted together with the shielding layer group 213.

[0174] In some embodiments, combined with Figure 1 and Figure 7The stranding and shaping of cable 210, optical cable 230, and filler 220 includes: positioning cable 210, optical cable 230, and filler 220 respectively by passing them sequentially through a first positioning platform 410 and a second positioning platform 420; adjusting the tension of cable 210, optical cable 230, and filler 220 to maintain an appropriate taut state for stable movement and shaping during stranding; forming optical cable 230 and filler 220 into a first composite by passing them through a pre-forming branch plate 510; stranding cable 210 and the first composite to form a second composite; starting the stranding device of the stranding machine to strand cable 210 and the first composite according to a preset stranding direction and stranding pitch to form the second composite, i.e., cable assembly 200.

[0175] In some embodiments, combined with Figure 1 The forming method further includes: setting a cable wrapping layer 110 on the outside of the second composite, using wrapping materials such as polyester tape or non-woven fabric, and wrapping it around the outside of the second composite. During wrapping, the tension should be kept uniform to ensure that the wrapping layer is flat and wrinkle-free; setting a winding padding layer 120 on the outside of the cable wrapping layer 110, selecting a padding material such as rubber or polyvinyl chloride, and wrapping it around the outside of the cable wrapping layer 110; setting a metal wire armor layer 130 on the outside of the winding padding layer 120, using metal wires such as steel wire or aluminum wire, woven into a mesh or spiral shape, and covering the outside of the winding padding layer 120; setting an outer sheath layer 140 on the outside of the metal wire armor layer 130, selecting an outer sheath material such as polyethylene or polyvinyl chloride, and covering the outside of the metal wire armor layer 130 by extrusion or coating.

[0176] The various embodiments or implementation methods described in this specification are presented in a progressive manner. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments, and the same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0177] It should be noted that the embodiments referred to in the specification, such as "one embodiment," "embodiment," "exemplary embodiment," and "some embodiments," may include specific features, structures, or characteristics, but not every embodiment necessarily includes that specific feature, structure, or characteristic. Furthermore, such phrases do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Moreover, when a specific feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with an embodiment, implementing such a feature, structure, or characteristic in conjunction with other embodiments, whether explicitly described or not, is within the knowledge scope of those skilled in the art.

[0178] Generally speaking, terms should be understood at least in part by their use in context. For example, at least in part by context, the term "one or more" as used in the text can be used to describe any feature, structure, or characteristic of the singular meaning, or a combination of features, structures, or characteristics of the plural meaning. Similarly, at least in part by context, terms such as "a" or "the" can also be understood to convey either singular or plural usage.

[0179] It should be readily understood that the terms “on,” “above,” and “on top of” in this disclosure should be interpreted in the broadest possible sense, such that “on” means not only “directly on something” but also “on something” with an intermediate feature or layer therebetween, and that “above” or “on top of” means not only “on top of something” but also “on top of something” without an intermediate feature or layer therebetween (i.e., directly on something).

[0180] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A submarine cable, characterized by The application relates to a cable assembly. The cable assembly comprises an outer protective layer group (100) defining a containing cavity; a cable assembly (200) arranged in the containing cavity, the cable assembly (200) comprising cables (210), filling pieces (220) and optical cables (230), wherein the cables (210) are arranged along the circumference of the outer protective layer group (100), the filling pieces (220) are arranged between two adjacent cables (210) and the outer protective layer group (100), the filling pieces (220) have closable containing spaces (223), and the optical cables (230) are arranged in the containing spaces (223) of the corresponding filling pieces (220). The cable (210) comprises a cable core (211), the cable core (211) comprises a landing section (2111), a submarine section (2112) and a transition connecting piece (2113), and the outer diameters of the landing section (2111) and the submarine section (2112) are different, the outer diameter of the landing section (2111) is smaller than that of the submarine section (2112). The landing section (2111) and the submarine section (2112) are arranged at intervals, the transition connecting piece (2113) is arranged between the landing section (2111) and the submarine section (2112), and the two ends of the transition connecting piece (2113) are electrically connected with the landing section (2111) and the submarine section (2112) respectively. The transition connecting piece (2113) is a copper structural piece.

2. A marine cable according to claim 1, characterised in that, The cable (210) further comprises a semi-conductive water-blocking binding tape (212), a shielding layer group (213) and a semi-conductive buffer water-blocking tape arranged outside the cable core (211) in sequence from inside to outside along the radial direction of the cable (210), wherein the thickness of the shielding layer group (213) at the landing section (2111) is greater than that at the submarine section (2112).

3. A submarine cable according to claim 1, characterised in that, The shielding layer group (213) comprises a conductor shielding layer (2131), an extruded insulation layer (2132) and an insulation shielding layer (2133) arranged in sequence from inside to outside along the radial direction of the cable (210) and cross-linked with each other.

4. A submarine cable according to claim 3, characterised in that, The cable (210) further comprises:

5. A submarine cable according to claim 3, characterised in that, a metal sheath layer (214) arranged outside the semi-conductive buffer water-blocking tape; a non-metal sheath layer (215) arranged outside the metal sheath layer (214). The outer protective layer group (100) comprises a cable winding layer (110), a winding cushion layer (120), a metal wire armor layer (130) and an outer coating layer (140) arranged in sequence from inside to outside along the radial direction of the submarine cable.

6. A submarine cable according to claim 1, characterised in that, The metal wire armor layer (130) comprises a first armor section, a second armor section and a third armor section, wherein the first armor section is located outside the landing section (2111), the second armor section is located outside the transition connecting piece (2113), and the third armor section is located outside the submarine section (2112).

7. A submarine cable according to claim 6, characterised in that, ​ The first armor segment is composed of non-magnetic wires, the second armor segment is composed of non-magnetic wires and magnetic wires, and the third armor segment is composed of magnetic wires.

8. The submarine cable according to claim 7, characterized in that, The number of the wires in the third armor segment is less than the number of the wires in the first armor segment.

9. A submarine cable according to claim 1, characterised in that, The filler (220) comprises a first filling part (220a) and a second filling part (220b) connected along the radial direction of the submarine cable, the first filling part (220a) is in contact with the outer surface of the cable (210), and the second filling part (220b) is in contact with the inner surface of the outer protection layer group (100), The first filling part (220a) is of a semi-conductive structure, and the second filling part (220b) is of an insulating structure.

10. A submarine cable according to claim 9, characterised in that, The first filling part (220a) is of a semi-conductive polyethylene, the second filling part (220b) is of an insulating polyethylene, and the filler (220) is integrally formed by double-layer co-extrusion of the semi-conductive polyethylene and the insulating polyethylene.

11. A marine cable according to claim 1, characterised in that The filler (220) comprises a first closed area (221) and a second closed area (222) connected along the circumferential direction of the submarine cable and symmetrically distributed, the first closed area (221) and the second closed area (222) define the accommodation space (223) therebetween, one side of the accommodation space (223) facing the outer protection layer group (100) is provided with a deformation opening (224), and the optical cable (230) is embedded into the accommodation space (223) via the deformation opening (224), The first closed area (221) and the second closed area (222) are configured to have a pre-stress respectively towards each other along the circumferential direction of the submarine cable.

12. A submarine cable according to claim 11, characterised in that, The diameter of the inner wall of the accommodation space (223) is 1.5-2.5 times the diameter of the optical cable (230); and / or, The width of the deformation opening (224) is 3-5 mm.

13. A forming device for a submarine cable for manufacturing a submarine cable according to any one of claims 1-12, characterized in that, It comprises: a support seat (300) comprising a base (310), a support rod (320), a first wire reel (330), a second wire reel (340) and a third wire reel, the support rod (320) is provided on the base (310) and extends in the vertical direction, the first wire reel (330) and the second wire reel (340) are located on the circumferential side of the support rod (320), the first wire reel (330) is used for paying out the cable (210), the second wire reel (340) is used for paying out the optical cable (230), and the third wire reel is used for paying out the filler (220), the second wire reel (340) and the third wire reel are located on the same side of the support rod (320) and are arranged in the radial direction of the base (310); a cable positioning platform (400) provided on the support rod (320) and spaced apart on the upper side of the base (310), the cable positioning platform (400) is configured to position the cable (210), the optical cable (230) and the filler (220) respectively; A cable twisting platform (500) is arranged on the support rod (320) and is arranged on the upper side of the cable positioning platform (400) in a spaced manner. The cable twisting platform (500) is configured to twist the cable (210), the optical cable (230) and the filler (220) into a shape. A shaping die (600) is arranged on the support rod (320) and is arranged on the upper side of the cable twisting platform (500) in a spaced manner. The shaping die (600) is configured to shape the cable (210), the optical cable (230) and the filler (220).

14. A forming apparatus for a submarine cable according to claim 13, characterised in that, The cable positioning platform (400) comprises a first positioning platform (410) and a second positioning platform (420). The first positioning platform (410) and the second positioning platform (420) are arranged on the support rod (320) in a spaced manner along the vertical direction and are each provided with a positioning channel corresponding to the cable (210) and the optical cable (230). The cable (210) and the optical cable (230) are respectively arranged in the corresponding positioning channel and extend towards the cable twisting platform (500).

15. A forming apparatus for a submarine cable according to claim 13, characterised in that, The cable twisting platform (500) comprises a pre-shaping distribution board (510) and a shaping distribution board (520). The pre-shaping distribution board (510) and the shaping distribution board (520) are arranged on the support rod (320) in a spaced manner along the vertical direction. The pre-shaping distribution board (510) is provided with a first wire passing channel (511) and a second wire passing channel (512). The optical cable (230) and the filler (220) are arranged in the first wire passing channel (511). The optical cable (230) enters the accommodation space (223) of the filler (220) after passing through the first wire passing channel (511) and forms a first composite body. The cable (210) is arranged in the second wire passing channel (512). The shaping distribution board (520) is configured to shape the cable (210) and the first composite body respectively. The shaping die (600) twists the cable (210) and the first composite body to form a second composite body.

16. An apparatus according to claim 15, wherein, The first wire passing channel (511) is provided with a first pressure roller set (513). The first pressure roller set (513) comprises a convex pressure roller (5131) and a first concave pressure roller arranged opposite to each other along the radial direction of the base (310). The filler (220) is arranged between the convex pressure roller (5131) and the first concave pressure roller. The surface of the convex pressure roller (5131) is provided with a convex portion (5131a). The convex portion (5131a) is adapted to be embedded in the deformation port (224) of the filler (220) to open the accommodation space (223). The optical cable (230) is embedded in the accommodation space (223) through the deformation port (224).

17. A forming apparatus for a submarine cable according to claim 16, characterised in that, The surface of the convex pressure roller (5131) is a concave surface which is adapted to be fitted with the filler (220).

18. A forming apparatus for a submarine cable according to claim 15, characterised in that, The shaped distribution plate (520) is provided with a third wire passing channel (521) and a fourth wire passing channel (522), the first composite is arranged in the third wire passing channel (521), and the cable (210) is arranged in the fourth wire passing channel (522); The third wire passing channel (521) is provided with a second pressure roller group (523), the second pressure roller group (523) comprises a second concave pressure roller (5231) and a third concave pressure roller which are oppositely arranged along the radial direction of the base (310), and the first composite is arranged between the second concave pressure roller (5231) and the third concave pressure roller; The second concave pressure roller (5231) and the third concave pressure roller are in contact with the filler (220).

19. An apparatus for forming a submarine cable according to claim 15, characterised in that, The shaped mold (600) defines a shaping channel (610), the shaping channel (610) comprises a first channel section (611) and a second channel section (612), the first channel section (611) is located on the side of the second channel section (612) facing the cable stranding platform (500), the aperture of the first channel section (611) gradually decreases in the vertical direction from the first channel section (611) to the second channel section (612), and the aperture of the second channel section (612) is equal to the aperture of the end of the first channel section (611) facing the second channel section (612).

20. An apparatus for forming a submarine cable according to claim 15, wherein, The shaped mold (600) comprises a first mold and a second mold, the first mold and the second mold correspond to the landing section (2111) and the submarine section (2112) of the cable core (211) respectively; At least one of the first mold and the second mold is arranged on the support rod (320).

21. A method of forming a submarine cable, applied to the forming apparatus of any one of claims 13 to 20, characterized in that, The forming method comprises the following steps: connecting the landing section (2111) and the submarine section (2112) of the cable core (211) of the cable (210); forming the cable (210); stranding and shaping the cable (210), the optical cable (230) and the filler (220).

22. A method of forming a submarine cable according to claim 21, characterised in that, connecting the landing section (2111) and the submarine section (2112) of the cable core (211) of the cable (210) comprises: welding the landing section (2111) and the submarine section (2112) to transition connectors (2113) respectively to form the cable core (211).

23. A method of forming a submarine cable according to claim 21, characterised in that, Further comprising: arranging a semi-conductive water-blocking binding tape (212) outside the cable core (211); arranging a shielding layer group (213) outside the semi-conductive water-blocking binding tape (212); arranging a semi-conductive buffer water-blocking tape outside the shielding layer group (213).

24. A method of forming a submarine cable according to claim 21, characterised in that, The stranding and shaping of the cable (210), the optical cable (230) and the filler (220) comprises: positioning the cable (210), the optical cable (230) and the filler (220) respectively; stranding and forming the optical cable (230) and the filler (220) to form a first composite; The cable (210) and the first composite are twisted and shaped to form a second composite.

25. A method of forming a submarine cable according to claim 24, characterised in that, Also included are: A cable wrap (110) is provided outside the second composite; A wrapping pad (120) is provided outside the cable wrap (110); A wire armor layer (130) is provided outside the wrapping pad (120); An outer jacket (140) is provided outside the wire armor layer (130).

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