Method for intensive feeding and forced moulting of laying Tibetan chickens

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of poultry feeding, and discloses a method for intensive feeding and forced moulting of laying Tibetan chickens, which comprises the following steps: S1, immunization: 15-20 days before moulting feed stopping, 0.5 ml of avian influenza H5 vaccine is injected to each feather, and neck hypodermic injection is carried out; meanwhile, four Newcastle disease IV strains are taken per feather, water is drunk, skim milk is added, and the water amount is controlled to be completely drunk within 2 hours; and S2, health-care medicine application: 10 days before moulting and feed stopping, adding the health-care Tibetan medicine composition powder into a basal feed according to a weight ratio of 1%, and uniformly mixing for feeding. A green way is opened up by combining a hunger stimulation method with a Tibetan medicine health care technology, the moulting process of the Tibetan hens in the egg laying trough period is accelerated under the manually controlled condition, stress loss can be reduced, the non-laying interval period is shortened, the Tibetan hens quickly enter the next laying period, and therefore the annual egg laying number and the utilization efficiency are improved, and the economic benefit is increased. And the method is simple to operate, low in risk and suitable for large-scale cultivation of the Tibetan hens.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of poultry breeding, and more specifically discloses a method for intensively breeding forced molting of laying hen Tibetan chickens. Background Art

[0002] Tibetan chickens are a breed of chickens native to a specific geographical area. They have always been raised by the public in a free-range grazing manner. Tibetan chicken hens have a one-year egg-laying cycle and naturally molt once a year. The egg-laying period is from March to September, with a peak period from May to July. They stop laying eggs for more than five months in winter. They lay about 80 eggs a year, with a peak egg-laying rate of 35% to 40%. In recent years, studies have explored the scaled and intensive breeding technology of Tibetan chickens, but no reports of forced molting have been seen.

[0003] In the field of commercial laying hens or large-scale breeding of breeders, the technology of forced molting is relatively mature. It accelerates the renewal of feathers by strengthening physiological stress, thereby shortening the production suspension cycle, extending the egg-laying time of chickens, enabling old chickens to achieve higher egg-laying performance again, and improving the economic value of egg production of breeder laying hens. However, due to the different genetic living habits, adaptability and production purposes of Tibetan chickens, if the technical measures for forced molting are not implemented in place, there may be problems such as molting failure, increased defective rate and mortality of hens, and the use of antibiotics to prevent bacterial infections leading to drug resistance and antibiotic residues, and ultimately the economic benefits of breeding will decrease instead of increase. Summary of the invention

[0004] The invention mainly provides a method for forced molting of intensively raised laying Tibetan chickens, which can solve the problem that the current forced molting technology is not suitable for forced molting of Tibetan chickens.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, according to one aspect of the present invention, more specifically, a method for forced molting of intensively raised laying Tibetan chickens is provided, wherein when the egg production rate is lower than 5% in the late stage of the natural egg-laying cycle, forced molting is performed by starvation method, which specifically comprises the following steps:

[0006] S1. Immunization: 15-20 days before molting, 0.5 ml of avian influenza H5 vaccine per bird is injected subcutaneously in the neck; at the same time, 4 doses of Newcastle disease IV strain per bird are given to drinking water with skim milk, and the amount of water is controlled to be finished within 2 hours;

[0007] S2. Health-care medication: Starting from 10 days before the molting and stopping feeding, add the health-care Tibetan medicine composition powder to the basic feed at a weight ratio of 1%, and mix evenly for feeding;

[0008] S3. Adjust the flock: Select the chickens that are too fat, too thin, too weak, sick, or have bad habits of pecking their anus, feathers, toes, or tails, and do not participate in the molting;

[0009] S4. Observe the weight and health of the flock: if the weight is within the normal range and the flock is in good health, the next step of stopping water and feed can be carried out; if the flock is in sub-healthy condition, the molting plan should be cancelled or postponed;

[0010] S5. After 10 days of feeding health medication, the chickens will be deprived of water for 2 consecutive days starting from the 11th day, and the feed will be stopped for 11-15 days; the water supply will be restored on the 3rd day. After 10 days of stopping the feed, daily sampling and weighing will be started to monitor the average body weight. When the average body weight drops by 20%-25% and the mortality rate does not exceed 3%, the feed can be slowly restored;

[0011] S6. Add the health-care Tibetan medicine composition powder to the basic feed at a weight ratio of 0.5%; on the first day of resuming feeding, feed 20 grams per chicken on average, and feed evenly to ensure that each chicken can eat the feed; thereafter, increase the feed by 10 grams per chicken on average per day until the chicken eats normally, and stop the health-care medication after the chicken eats normally;

[0012] S7. After one week of water and feed withdrawal, the flock begins to shed its feathers. The blood vessels at the root of the feathers shrink and the feathers fall off naturally. After about 20 to 30 days, the old feathers are basically shed and new feathers gradually grow.

[0013] S8. Starting from the time when water and feed are stopped, it will take about 60 to 70 days for the egg laying to start the next egg-laying cycle.

[0014] Furthermore, the health-care Tibetan medicine composition includes the following components by weight: 15-25 parts of Panax notoginseng, 10-20 parts of Tibetan celery, 30-40 parts of Tibetan hawthorn, and 25-35 parts of Tibetan dandelion; then the above components are crushed into 60-80 mesh powder and evenly mixed to obtain the health-care Tibetan medicine composition powder.

[0015] Furthermore, the health-care Tibetan medicine composition specifically includes the following components in parts by weight: 20 parts of Panax notoginseng, 15 parts of Tibetan celery, 35 parts of Tibetan hawthorn, and 30 parts of Tibetan dandelion.

[0016] Furthermore, a small amount of coarse stone powder or shell powder is added to the material trough during the material stop period.

[0017] Furthermore, during the period of water and feed suspension, the doors and windows of the chicken house are closed with blackout nets to avoid strong light, and the illumination is controlled at 5 to 10 lux to induce laying hens to enter the molting state. As the feed intake is restored, the illumination is gradually increased from 40 to 100 lux to natural light.

[0018] Furthermore, the basic feed formula includes the following components by weight percentage: 50% highland barley, 40% wheat, 8% soybean meal, 1% calcium hydrogen phosphate, and 1% composite premix.

[0019] Furthermore, in the formula of the composite premix, every 10kg contains: 0.5kg of poultry composite vitamins, 1.0kg of poultry composite minerals, 1.0kg of lysine, 1.5kg of methionine, and 6.0kg of stone powder.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the method for forced molting of intensively raised laying Tibetan chickens of the present invention are as follows: the technology of the present invention uses a hunger stimulation method in combination with Tibetan medicine health care technology to open up a green way, and promotes the Tibetan hens to accelerate the molting process during the egg-laying trough period under artificially controlled conditions, which can reduce stress losses, shorten the interval between lay-offs, and quickly enter the next laying period, thereby increasing the annual egg production and utilization efficiency, achieving the purpose of improving economic benefits, and the operation is simple, with less risks, and is suitable for large-scale breeding of Tibetan hens. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0022] According to one aspect of the present invention, a method for forced molting of intensively raised Tibetan chickens for laying is provided, wherein the health Tibetan medicine composition used in the method comprises the following components: 15-25 parts of Panax ginseng, 10-20 parts of Tibetan celery, 30-40 parts of Tibetan hawthorn, and 25-35 parts of Tibetan dandelion; and the above components are crushed into 60-80 mesh powder, and after uniform mixing, the health Tibetan medicine composition powder is obtained. Specifically, when the egg production rate is lower than 5% in the late stage of the natural egg-laying cycle, the starvation method can be used to force molting. Moulting should be avoided in rainy, high-humidity, and extremely low-temperature climate seasons.

[0023] (1) Immunization: 15 to 20 days before molting, 0.5 ml of avian influenza H5 vaccine is administered subcutaneously in the neck; at the same time, 4 doses of Newcastle disease IV strain are administered per feather. Add skim milk to drinking water, and the amount of water should be controlled to be completed within 2 hours.

[0024] (2) Health-care medication: Starting from 10 days before the molting period, add the above health-care Tibetan medicine composition powder into the basic feed at a weight ratio of 1%, and mix evenly for feeding.

[0025] (3) Adjust the flock: Select the chickens that are too fat, too thin, too weak, sick, or have bad habits such as pecking their anus, feathers, toes, or tails and do not allow them to participate in the molting.

[0026] (4) Observe the weight and health of the flock: if the weight is within the normal range (record the average weight) and the flock is in good health, the next step of stopping water and feed can be carried out; if the flock is in sub-healthy condition, the molting plan should be canceled or postponed.

[0027] (5) After 10 days of feeding health medication, the chickens will be deprived of water for 2 consecutive days starting from the 11th day, and the feed will be stopped for 11 to 15 days (determined based on weight monitoring); water supply will be restored on the 3rd day, and after 10 days of stopping feeding, daily sampling and weighing will be started to monitor the average weight. When the average weight loss reaches 20% to 25% and the mortality rate does not exceed 3%, the feed can be slowly restored. During the period of stopping feeding, add a small amount of coarse stone powder or shell powder to the feed trough.

[0028] During the period of water and feed suspension, use shading nets to cover the doors and windows of the chicken house to avoid strong light, and control the illumination to 5-10 lux to induce laying hens to molt. As the feed intake is restored, gradually increase the illumination to 40-100 lux to natural light.

[0029] (6) The above health Tibetan medicine composition powder is added to the basic feed at a weight ratio of 0.5%. On the first day of resuming feeding, feed 20 grams per chicken on average, and pay attention to feeding evenly to ensure that each chicken can eat the feed; thereafter, increase the feed by 10 grams per chicken on average every day until the chicken eats normally. After the chicken eats normally, the health medicine can be stopped.

[0030] (7) One week after water and feed are stopped, the chickens begin to shed their feathers. The blood vessels at the base of the feathers shrink and the feathers fall off naturally. After about 20 to 30 days, the old feathers are basically shed and new feathers gradually grow.

[0031] (8) Starting from the time when water and feed are stopped, it will take about 60 to 70 days for the egg to start laying and enter the next egg-laying cycle.

[0032] In the above, the basic feed formula includes the following components by weight percentage: 50% highland barley, 40% wheat, 8% soybean meal, 1% calcium hydrogen phosphate, and 1% compound premix. Further, each 10kg compound premix formula contains: 0.5kg of poultry compound vitamins, 1.0kg of poultry compound minerals, 1.0kg of lysine, 1.5kg of methionine, and 6.0kg of stone powder.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] ①. Prepare health care Tibetan medicine bag, which is composed of the following raw materials: 200g Tibetan palm ginseng, 150g Tibetan celery, 350g Tibetan hawthorn, 300g Tibetan dandelion, crushed into 60-80 mesh powder, a total of 1kg.

[0035] ②. Basic feed formula: 50kg of highland barley, 40kg of wheat, 8kg of soybean meal, 1kg of calcium hydrogen phosphate, and 1kg of compound premix, a total of 100kg.

[0036] ③Test plan

[0037] In mid-to-late September, when the overall egg production rate of the Tibetan hens was lower than 5%, 300 laying hens of the same age and batch were selected from the large breeding group and divided into three groups for the experiment, with 100 hens in each group, caged, and 10 hens in each cage. The control group molted naturally according to the traditional breeding method, did not participate in forced molting, and naturally entered the rest period and the next production period; the experimental group I adopted forced molting and was not fed with health Tibetan medicine bags; the experimental group II adopted forced molting and was fed with health Tibetan medicine bags.

[0038] The experiment lasted about 6 months, and the stimulation days, lay-off days, culling rate and mortality rate of each group were observed. Lay-off days refer to the time required for the hens to gradually shed their old feathers and grow new feathers from the first day after the stimulation was stopped, until the egg production rate recovered to 5%.

[0039] Table 1 Experimental groups and treatments

[0040]

[0041]

[0042] Table 2 Tibetan chicken molting test operation schedule

[0043]

[0044]

[0045] The above-mentioned water and feed withdrawal are stimulating measures to force Tibetan chickens to molt, and immunization and drug health care are protective measures to improve the health level of the flock and avoid stress losses.

[0046] ④. Test results

[0047] Table 3 Experimental results of Example 1

[0048] Group Quantity(feather) Stimulation days (d) Number of days of maternity leave (d) Defective rate (%) mortality rate(%) Control group 100 - 155 1 0 Experimental Group I 100 14 75 3 1 Experimental Group II 100 12 60 0 0

[0049] Example 2

[0050] ①. Prepare health care Tibetan medicine bag, which is composed of the following raw materials: 150g Tibetan palm ginseng, 200g Tibetan celery, 400g Tibetan hawthorn, 250g Tibetan dandelion, crushed into 60-80 mesh powder, a total of 1kg.

[0051] 2. The basic feed formula is the same as that in Example 1.

[0052] ③Test plan

[0053] When the overall egg-laying rate of the Tibetan hens was lower than 5%, 210 laying Tibetan hens of the same age and batch were selected and divided into 3 groups for the experiment, each group had 70 hens, and the hens were caged. The grouping treatment and the experimental operation schedule were the same as in Example 1.

[0054] ④. Test results

[0055] Table 4 Experimental results of Example 2

[0056] Group Quantity(feather) Stimulation days (d) Number of days of maternity leave (d) Defective rate (%) mortality rate(%) Control group 70 - 163 0 0 Experimental Group I 70 14 70 2.86 0 Experimental Group II 70 13 65 0 0

[0057] Example 3

[0058] ①. Prepare health care Tibetan medicine bag, which is composed of the following raw materials: 250g of Tibetan palm ginseng, 100g of Tibetan celery, 300g of Tibetan hawthorn, and 350g of Tibetan dandelion, crushed into 60-80 mesh powder, a total of 1kg.

[0059] 2. The basic feed formula is the same as that in Example 1.

[0060] ③Test plan

[0061] When the overall egg-laying rate of the Tibetan hens is lower than 5%, 330 laying Tibetan hens of the same age and batch are selected and divided into three groups for testing, each group having 110 hens, and caged. The grouping treatment and test operation schedule are the same as in Example 1.

[0062] ④. Test results

[0063] Table 5 Experimental results of Example 3

[0064]

[0065]

[0066] In summary, the number of days that the Tibetan hens stopped laying eggs in Experiment Group I and Experiment Group II was significantly shorter than that in the control group, indicating that artificial forced molting of Tibetan chickens is feasible and beneficial to increasing egg-laying efficiency; the defective rate and mortality rate of Experiment Group II were significantly reduced compared with those of Experiment Group I, indicating that the appropriate addition of a combination of nourishing, spleen-strengthening and anti-inflammatory local Tibetan medicinal materials to the feed can significantly improve the anti-stress ability of the chickens during the molting period.

[0067] It can be seen that when the total dosage and usage method of the Tibetan medicine compound are the same, a slight change in the dosage ratio of each component drug has little effect on the test results. Therefore, the present invention determines that the technical characteristics of the Tibetan medicine combination are 15-25 parts of Panax notoginseng, 10-20 parts of Tibetan celery, 30-40 parts of Tibetan hawthorn, and 25-35 parts of Tibetan dandelion according to the effect of the embodiment, which can achieve the best health care effect of the medicine.

[0068] Of course, the above description is not a limitation of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples. Changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by ordinary technicians in this technical field within the essential scope of the present invention also fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for forced molting of laying hen intensively raised, characterized in that: When the egg production rate is lower than 5% in the late stage of the natural egg-laying cycle, the starvation method is implemented to force molting, which includes the following steps: S1. Immunization: 15-20 days before molting, 0.5 ml of avian influenza H5 vaccine per bird is injected subcutaneously in the neck; at the same time, 4 doses of Newcastle disease IV strain per bird are given to drinking water with skim milk, and the amount of water is controlled to be finished within 2 hours; S2. Health-care medication: Starting from 10 days before the molting and stopping feeding, add the health-care Tibetan medicine composition powder to the basic feed at a weight ratio of 1%, and mix evenly for feeding; S3. Adjust the flock: Select the chickens that are too fat, too thin, too weak, sick, or have bad habits of pecking their anus, feathers, toes, or tails, and do not participate in the molting; S4. Observe the weight and health of the flock: if the weight is within the normal range and the flock is in good health, the next step of stopping water and feed can be carried out; if the flock is in sub-healthy condition, the molting plan should be cancelled or postponed; S5. After 10 days of feeding health medication, the chickens will be deprived of water for 2 consecutive days starting from the 11th day, and the feed will be stopped for 11-15 days; the water supply will be restored on the 3rd day. After 10 days of stopping the feed, daily sampling and weighing will be started to monitor the average body weight. When the average body weight drops by 20%-25% and the mortality rate does not exceed 3%, the feed can be slowly restored; S6. Add the health-care Tibetan medicine composition powder to the basic feed at a weight ratio of 0.5%; on the first day of resuming feeding, feed 20 grams per chicken on average, and feed evenly to ensure that each chicken can eat the feed; thereafter, increase the feed by 10 grams per chicken on average per day until the chicken eats normally, and stop the health-care medication after the chicken eats normally; S7. After one week of water and feed withdrawal, the flock begins to shed its feathers. The blood vessels at the root of the feathers shrink and the feathers fall off naturally. After about 20 to 30 days, the old feathers are basically shed and new feathers gradually grow. S8. Starting from the time when water and feed are stopped, it will take about 60 to 70 days for the egg laying to start and enter the next egg-laying cycle.

2. The method for forced molting of intensively raised laying hen Tibetan chickens according to claim 1, characterized in that: The health-care Tibetan medicine composition comprises the following components by weight: 15-25 parts of Panax ginseng, 10-20 parts of Tibetan celery, 30-40 parts of Tibetan hawthorn, and 25-35 parts of Tibetan dandelion; the above components are then crushed into 60-80 mesh powders and evenly mixed to obtain the health-care Tibetan medicine composition powder.

3. The method for forced molting of intensively raised laying hen Tibetan chickens according to claim 2, characterized in that: The health-care Tibetan medicine composition specifically comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20 parts of Panax ginseng, 15 parts of Pleurotus tibetica, 35 parts of Tibetan hawthorn, and 30 parts of Tibetan dandelion.

4. The method for forced molting of intensively raised laying hen Tibetan chickens according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the material stop period, a small amount of coarse stone powder or shell powder is added to the material trough.

5. The method for forced molting of intensively raised laying hen Tibetan chickens according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the period of water and feed suspension, use blackout nets to cover the doors and windows of the chicken house to avoid strong light, and control the illumination to 5-10 lux to induce laying hens to molt. As the feed intake is restored, gradually increase the illumination to 40-100 lux to natural light.

6. The method for forced molting of intensively raised laying hen Tibetan chickens according to claim 1, characterized in that: The basic feed formula comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 50% highland barley, 40% wheat, 8% soybean meal, 1% calcium hydrogen phosphate and 1% composite premix.

7. The method for forced molting of intensively raised laying hen Tibetan chickens according to claim 6, characterized in that: The composite premix formula contains, per 10kg, 0.5kg of composite vitamins for poultry, 1.0kg of composite minerals for poultry, 1.0kg of lysine, 1.5kg of methionine, and 6.0kg of stone powder.

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