UWB-based adaptive communication method, base station, tag, system and electronic device

Abstract

The present disclosure provides an adaptive communication method based on UWB, including: monitoring the distance between a target tag and a base station; when the distance is less than a first distance threshold, communicating with the target tag at a first communication rate; when the distance is greater than a second distance threshold, communicating with the target tag at a second communication rate; wherein the first distance threshold is less than or equal to the second distance threshold, the first communication rate is greater than the second communication rate, and the base station and the tag communicate in accordance with a composite frame structure. According to the technical solution of the present disclosure, by adaptively adjusting the communication rate according to the distance of the tag, the reliability and effectiveness of the system can be taken into account, and the structure of the transmission subframe can also be configured according to actual needs and changes in system capacity, thereby improving the flexibility and adaptability of the system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to an adaptive communication method, base station, tag, system and electronic device based on UWB. Background Art

[0002] As a short-range wireless communication technology, ultra-wideband (UWB) technology has the advantages of high-precision positioning, low power consumption, anti-multipath and anti-interference. Its excellent time resolution and penetration ability can achieve centimeter-level high-precision positioning in complex environments.

[0003] In the precise positioning system for coal mine personnel using UWB technology, UWB base stations are deployed in the tunnels as fixed nodes, and UWB mobile tags (hereinafter referred to as "tags") are worn by miners. By measuring the flight time (TOF) or arrival time (TOA) of the UWB signal, combined with trilateral measurement or multilateral measurement algorithms, the three-dimensional coordinate position of the miner can be accurately calculated, thus providing strong support for miner safety, emergency rescue and production management.

[0004] However, the communication capacity of existing positioning systems is usually pre-set, and the utilization of resources is difficult to adapt to various scenarios. In the complex coal mine environment, changes in the signal propagation path will also affect the positioning accuracy. Therefore, how to improve the existing positioning system to adapt to the complex and changing environment and ensure the stability and reliability of the system is an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides an adaptive communication method, a base station, a tag and a system based on UWB, which are used to solve the problem of insufficient stability and reliability of the existing UWB positioning system.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention is achieved as follows:

[0007] On the one hand, the present invention provides an adaptive communication method based on UWB, applicable to a base station side, comprising:

[0008] Monitor the distance between the target tag and the base station;

[0009] When the distance is less than a first distance threshold, communicating with the target tag at a first communication rate;

[0010] When the distance is greater than a second distance threshold, a second communication rate is used to communicate with the target tag.

[0011] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a base station for UWB-based adaptive communication, comprising:

[0012] Distance monitoring module, used to monitor the distance between the target tag and the base station;

[0013] A first base station communication module, configured to communicate with the target tag at a first communication rate when the distance is less than a first distance threshold;

[0014] The second base station communication module is used to communicate with the target tag at a second communication rate when the distance is greater than a second distance threshold.

[0015] On the other hand, the present invention also provides an adaptive communication method based on UWB, applicable to the tag side, comprising:

[0016] Monitor the signal on the base station side;

[0017] When the distance to the target base station is less than a first distance threshold, communicating with the target base station at a first communication rate according to an instruction of the target base station;

[0018] When the distance to the target base station is greater than a second distance threshold, according to an instruction of the target base station, a second communication rate is used to communicate with the target base station.

[0019] The present invention also provides a tag based on UWB adaptive communication, comprising:

[0020] A monitoring module, used to monitor signals on the base station side;

[0021] A first tag communication module, configured to communicate with the target base station at a first communication rate according to an instruction of the target base station when the distance to the target base station is less than a first distance threshold;

[0022] The second tag communication module is used to communicate with the target base station at a second communication rate according to an instruction of the target base station when the distance to the target base station is greater than a second distance threshold.

[0023] The present invention also provides an adaptive communication system based on UWB, comprising a base station and a tag, wherein the base station is used to monitor the distance to a target tag, and when the distance is less than a first distance threshold, communicate with the target tag at a first communication rate; when the distance is greater than a second distance threshold, communicate with the target tag at a second communication rate; the tag is used to monitor signals on the base station side, and when the distance to the target base station is less than the first distance threshold, communicate with the target base station at a first communication rate according to an instruction of the target base station; when the distance to the target base station is greater than the second distance threshold, communicate with the target base station at a second communication rate according to an instruction of the target base station.

[0024] In the above method, base station, tag and system, the first distance threshold is less than or equal to the second distance threshold, the first communication rate is greater than the second communication rate, the base station communicates with the tag side in accordance with the structure of the composite frame, the composite frame includes multiple high-speed subframes and multiple low-speed subframes, the high-speed subframes are assigned to the tag that communicates at the first communication rate, and the low-speed subframes are assigned to the tag that communicates at the second communication rate.

[0025] On the last aspect, the present invention also provides an electronic device for UWB adaptive communication, comprising: one or more processors; a memory for storing one or more computer programs, wherein when the one or more computer programs are executed by one or more processors, the one or more processors implement the various adaptive communication methods as described above.

[0026] According to the technical solution of the present invention, by monitoring the distance between the base station and the tag, the tag closer to the base station is switched to a higher communication rate to complete the communication, occupying a shorter time resource, thereby allowing more tags to communicate with the base station, improving the system capacity. At the same time, for tags farther away from the base station, the communication is completed at a conventional communication rate to ensure coverage performance. The communication between the base station and the tag complies with the transmission composite frame structure, in which the design of the broadcast subframe, registration subframe and retransmission subframe can reduce the boot time of the tag side to send and receive signals, and reduce the power consumption of the tag. The designed retransmission mechanism enables the tag to have the opportunity to reposition once the communication is abnormal in each positioning cycle, thereby improving the reliability of the system. In addition, special subframes can be configured according to actual needs and changes in system capacity, improving the flexibility and adaptability of the system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present disclosure or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present disclosure. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of applying the method of an embodiment of the present disclosure in a coal mine scenario;

[0029] Figure 2 A flowchart of a base station side method for adaptive communication based on UWB provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0030] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the basic structure of a composite frame in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0031] Figure 4 A flowchart of a base station side method for adaptive communication based on UWB provided by another embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0032] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a composite frame with a special subframe in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0033] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a specific structure of a composite frame in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0034] Figure 7 A structural block diagram of a base station based on UWB adaptive communication provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0035] Figure 8 A flowchart of a tag-side method for adaptive communication based on UWB provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0036] Fig. 9 A structural block diagram of a tag for adaptive communication based on UWB provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0037] Fig.10 A block diagram of a UWB-based adaptive communication system provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in the present disclosure, the technical solutions of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present disclosure. In addition, for the sake of clarity, parts that are not related to the description of the exemplary embodiments are omitted in the drawings.

[0039] In this specification, it should be understood that terms such as "including" or "having" are intended to indicate the existence of the features, numbers, steps, behaviors, components, parts or combinations thereof disclosed in the present disclosure, and are not intended to exclude the possibility that one or more other features, numbers, steps, behaviors, components, parts or combinations thereof exist or are added. It should also be noted that the embodiments in the present disclosure and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other if there is no conflict.

[0040] Before describing the embodiments of the technical solution disclosed in the present invention, the working principle of a typical UWB positioning system is first introduced by taking a coal mine positioning system as an example. The positioning process mainly includes the following five steps:

[0041] 1) System deployment: Multiple UWB base stations are deployed in the coal mine tunnels as fixed reference points. The location coordinates of each base station are known; miners wear UWB tags as mobile nodes.

[0042] 2) Signal transmission and reception: UWB tags periodically transmit ultra-short pulse signals, and the surrounding UWB base stations receive these signals.

[0043] 3) Time measurement: The base station measures the arrival time (Time of Arrival, TOA) of the received signal, or calculates the flight time (Time of Flight, TOF) of the signal.

[0044] 4) Distance calculation: Each base station calculates the distance from the tag to each base station based on the measured time and speed of light.

[0045] 5) Data transmission: The positioning results are transmitted to the ground monitoring center via wired or wireless networks.

[0046] The existing UWB positioning system has the following limitations:

[0047] 1) Poor system flexibility: Existing systems usually need to compromise between long-distance communication and communication capacity. The communication capacity of the system is usually pre-set and will not be dynamically adjusted according to actual needs. It is impossible to have sufficient communication capacity while ensuring long-distance positioning.

[0048] 2) Poor environmental adaptability: In a complex coal mine environment, as the tag moves, the signal propagation path changes, which may affect the positioning accuracy, while the existing system lacks an effective adaptive mechanism to cope with environmental changes.

[0049] 3) Low resource utilization efficiency: When the number of tags is small, system resources may be wasted, and when a large number of tags are connected during peak hours, the system may be congested.

[0050] 4) Poor scalability: As the mining area expands or shrinks, the system is difficult to flexibly adjust its scale and performance.

[0051] These problems also limit the application effect of UWB communication positioning technology in the precise positioning system of coal mine personnel. To this end, the present disclosure proposes an adaptive communication method based on UWB to solve the shortcomings of the existing system.

[0052] Figure 1 The schematic diagram shows the application of the adaptive communication method provided by the present disclosure in a coal mine scenario. It should be noted that: Figure 1 What is shown is only an example of an application scenario of an embodiment of the present disclosure, to help those skilled in the art understand the technical content of the present disclosure, but it does not mean that the communication method of the present disclosure cannot be applied to other scenarios.

[0053] like Figure 1 As shown, the scene includes a positioning base station 10, a UWB tag 20 and a server 30. There are multiple positioning base stations 10, which are set in the lane, and the tags 20 are carried by workers and scattered in the lane. Due to the narrow lane, the positioning of the tag 20 usually only requires the use of a corresponding base station 10 for ranging.

[0054] The positioning base station 10 is a base station supporting UWB and is pre-deployed in the underground environment of the coal mine. The precise positioning of the tag can be calculated using the ranging results of multiple positioning base stations.

[0055] Tag 20 is a UWB positioning tag, most commonly a card-type tag. Miners wear the tag when going down the mine, and the system can obtain the miner's location information through the tag positioning.

[0056] The server 30 is used to execute the positioning algorithm. The coordinate information of the positioning base station 10 can be pre-stored in the server 30 after the configuration is completed, and the distance between the tag 20 and the positioning base station 10 needs to be obtained by the ranging algorithm. Common ranging algorithms include ToF (time of flight), TWR (two-way ranging), TDoA (differential time of arrival), etc. The server 30 calculates the location of the tag through the known information and provides it to the monitoring center, which completes the corresponding management operations on personnel and equipment based on it.

[0057] exist Figure 1 In the scenario, the positioning base station 10 and the tag 20 communicate through UWB technology. UWB refers to the transmission of wireless signals encoded by pulse modulation at low power and wide frequency band within a short distance. Its operating frequency band is in the 3.1 to 10.6 GHz spectrum range, and the signal bandwidth is above 500 MHz, so it presents non-sinusoidal narrow pulses in the nanosecond to microsecond range. The accuracy of UWB ranging can reach the centimeter level.

[0058] The UWB positioning system supports multiple communication rates, the most common of which are 110kbps, 850kbps, and 6.5Mbps. The higher the communication rate, the shorter the time required to transmit the same amount of data, which means that communication can be completed in a shorter time, which can save power and reduce power consumption. However, the higher the communication rate, the higher the requirements for the wireless propagation environment, and the effective ranging range will be reduced. For example, when dust is raised or water is sprayed, dust or small water droplets in the air will affect the communication distance. Considering the environmental factors in the coal mine scene, the effective communication distance of the 6.5Mbps communication rate is between 100~200m, and the effective communication distance of the 110kbps communication rate is between 200~500m. Therefore, tags close to the base station can use a higher communication rate to complete the positioning communication process, but tags far from the base station require a lower communication rate to ensure the reliability of communication.

[0059] Figure 2 A flowchart of a base station side method for adaptive communication based on UWB provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0060] like Figure 2 As shown, the method on the base station side includes operations S210 to S230.

[0061] S210: Monitor the distance between the target tag and the base station.

[0062] S220: When the distance is less than a first distance threshold, communicate with the target tag using a first communication rate.

[0063] S230: When the distance is greater than a second distance threshold, communicate with the target tag using a second communication rate.

[0064] The above first distance threshold is less than or equal to the second distance threshold, the first communication rate is greater than the second communication rate, and the base station communicates with the tag side in accordance with the structure of the composite frame. The composite frame includes multiple high-speed subframes and multiple low-speed subframes. The high-speed subframes are assigned to tags that communicate at the first communication rate, and the low-speed subframes are assigned to tags that communicate at the second communication rate.

[0065] According to the method of the embodiment of the present disclosure, if the tag is close to the base station, the base station will allow the tag to communicate with the base station at a higher communication rate, so that the communication process of both parties can be completed in a shorter time, which can not only reduce the working time of the tag transmitter and reduce its power consumption, but also allow the base station to schedule resources for more tags to communicate, thereby improving the capacity of the system. Tags that are far away from the base station use a lower communication rate to ensure that the signal can be received normally, so that the system takes into account both reliability and effectiveness.

[0066] The first distance threshold and the second distance threshold are determined according to the effective communication distance of the first communication rate and the second communication rate. When the first communication rate is 6.5Mbps, the effective communication distance is between 100 and 200m, so the first distance threshold can be set to 100m and the second distance threshold to 120m. Under this setting, if the distance of the tag is within 100m, the base station directly uses the first communication rate to communicate with the tag, that is, a high-speed communication method is adopted; if the tag is beyond 120m, the base station directly uses the second communication rate to communicate with the tag, that is, a low-speed communication method is adopted; when the tag is between 100m and 120m, the base station may communicate with the tag at a high rate or a low rate. As the tag moves, when the tag approaches the base station and the distance is less than the first distance threshold, the tag must switch from the original low-speed communication method to the high-speed communication method, but the tag that was originally in the high-speed communication method does not need to switch the communication rate. In the above implementation, the first distance threshold is less than the second distance threshold, and there is a buffer area between the two distance thresholds. For tags in this buffer area, the base station can schedule according to the system capacity and resource utilization, which has greater flexibility. The first distance threshold and the second distance threshold may also be set to be the same, in which case the base station schedules resources entirely according to the distance of the tag.

[0067] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the base station and the tag communicate in accordance with the following composite frame timing structure.

[0068] In the composite frame structure, there are multiple high-speed subframes and low-speed subframes. Both high-speed subframes and low-speed subframes are subframes for transmitting data services. In each subframe, only one tag or one base station sends a signal. The base station assigns the high-speed subframe to the tag that communicates at the first communication rate, and assigns the low-speed subframe to the tag that communicates at the second communication rate. When the system is deployed, the number of high-speed subframes and low-speed subframes can also be set as a configurable parameter, thereby increasing the flexibility of the system.

[0069] The composite frame also includes a broadcast subframe. Each composite frame starts with a broadcast subframe, followed by a high-speed subframe and a low-speed subframe.

[0070] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the basic structure of the composite frame in the embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0071] like Figure 3 As shown, the composite frame is divided into three parts, the head is the location of the broadcast subframe, followed by the high-speed subframe for transmitting data services, followed by the low-speed subframe for transmitting data services. The low-speed subframe is followed by the broadcast subframe in the next composite frame, and the communication between each base station and multiple tags complies with the timing of the composite frame structure.

[0072] The base station broadcasts in the broadcast subframe, and the tag listens to the base station's broadcast signal in the broadcast subframe. There can be multiple broadcast subframes, and different base stations use different broadcast subframes without interfering with each other. Service subframes are assigned to different tags. In a service subframe, only one tag transmits a signal, and the base station completes the ranging through signal measurement. This time slicing reduces interference with other tag communications and is an important guarantee for optimizing system performance.

[0073] Based on the above composite frame structure, the present disclosure provides another embodiment of a base station side method for UWB-based adaptive communication.

[0074] like Figure 4 As shown, based on the foregoing embodiment, the method of this embodiment further includes S310 before S210: sending a broadcast signal of the base station at a second communication rate within a broadcast subframe.

[0075] The broadcast signal is sent at a low communication rate to ensure the maximum coverage, so that all tags within the base station coverage area can receive the broadcast signal. At the same time, each base station sends its own broadcast signal within the preset broadcast subframe, so that the tag side listens within the corresponding time, avoiding frequent activation of the tag receiver, thereby reducing the power consumption of the tag.

[0076] Furthermore, the composite frame also includes a registration subframe, which is a plurality of low-speed subframes adjacent to the end of the composite frame and adjacent to a broadcast subframe in the next composite frame.

[0077] like Figure 4 As shown, the base station side adaptive communication method of the embodiment of the present disclosure further includes S320 after S310: receiving a registration signal sent by the tag side in a registration subframe.

[0078] When the tag receives a new base station broadcast and determines that the strength of the received signal is higher than that of the base station currently in use, the tag selects any frame in the registration subframe to send a registration application to the base station. After receiving the registration application, the base station allocates an unused service subframe to communicate with the target tag. The registration subframe is also a low-speed subframe that uses the second communication rate, that is, the low communication rate. This ensures that the registration signal sent by tags that are far away from the base station can also be successfully received by the base station, thereby increasing the registration success rate of new tags. At the same time, the design of the registration subframe allows the tag to switch to a base station with better signal strength, which can improve the stability of the system when the wireless environment changes.

[0079] Furthermore, the composite frame also includes high-speed retransmission subframes, which are multiple high-speed subframes adjacent to the broadcast subframes.

[0080] like Figure 4 As shown, the method of the embodiment of the present disclosure further includes S330 after S220: if the communication with the target tag is abnormal, communicate with the target tag again in the high-speed retransmission subframe. The design of the high-speed retransmission subframe provides the high-speed communication tag with an opportunity for error retransmission, thereby improving the reliability of communication.

[0081] Furthermore, the composite frame also includes low-speed retransmission subframes, and the low-speed retransmission subframes are a plurality of low-speed subframes adjacent to the registration subframe.

[0082] like Figure 4 As shown, the method of the embodiment of the present disclosure further includes S340 after S230: if the communication with the target tag is abnormal, communicate with the target tag again in the low-speed retransmission subframe. The low-speed retransmission subframe provides an opportunity for error retransmission for tags performing low-speed communication. Given that the probability of data transmission errors is higher at high communication rates, the number of high-speed retransmission subframes can be greater than the number of low-speed retransmission subframes.

[0083] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of a composite frame with the above-mentioned special subframe is given.

[0084] like Figure 5 As shown in the figure, the composite frame starts with a broadcast subframe, followed by a high-speed retransmission subframe, and finally a low-speed retransmission subframe and a registration subframe. With this frame structure, the registration subframe and the retransmission subframe are designed before and after the broadcast subframe, which concentrates the working time of the tag's radio frequency unit and reduces the power consumption caused by frequent startup.

[0085] As an example, Figure 6 A specific structure of the composite frame is given.

[0086] like Figure 6As shown, the composite frame length is 1s, which is divided into a broadcast subframe part and a service subframe part. The service subframe part includes two types: a high-speed subframe and a low-speed subframe, and the two types of service subframes each occupy half the duration.

[0087] The broadcast subframe length is 8ms, and the communication rate is 110kbps. There are 5 broadcast subframes in total, and the total length of the broadcast subframe part is 40ms. Since the antenna used by the base station is a high-gain antenna, the communication distance between base stations is much higher than the communication distance between base stations and tags. In order to avoid mutual interference between base stations, multiple base stations use different broadcast subframes for broadcasting. When a base station broadcasts, a broadcast subframe is randomly selected to send the station broadcast. If a broadcast from another base station is received, a broadcast subframe is randomly selected from the idle broadcast subframes to send the station broadcast.

[0088] The high-speed subframe in the service subframe is 4ms long, using a 6.5Mbps communication rate, with a total of 120 high-speed subframes, numbered 0 to 119. Subframes 0 to 9 are high-speed retransmission subframes.

[0089] The low-speed subframe length in the service subframe is 8ms, with a communication rate of 110kbps. There are 60 low-speed subframes in total, numbered 120 to 180. Frames 170 to 179 are registration subframes, and subframes 165 to 169 are low-speed retransmission subframes.

[0090] There is also a 200us protection zone (included) between the above subframes to avoid signal interference. According to the actual system requirements, the number of functional subframes in the composite frame structure can also be configured when the system is deployed or needs to be adjusted, including the number of high-speed subframes, low-speed subframes, registration subframes and retransmission subframes.

[0091] This frame structure design concentrates the working time of the tag's radio frequency unit before and after the broadcast subframe, and can maintain low power consumption operation at other times without increasing the tag's excessive power consumption.

[0092] At this time, the communication process of the tag is as follows: after the tag is turned on, it listens to the broadcast subframe, and then applies for registration to the target base station in the registration subframe. After successful registration, it maintains the working state from the broadcast subframe. If it is scheduled with a low-speed subframe, it enters the low-power state after the data service transmission is completed, and then enters the working state again from the low-speed retransmission subframe of this composite frame until the next composite frame is broadcast; if the tag is scheduled with a high-speed subframe, it starts listening from the broadcast subframe of the next composite frame to the high-speed retransmission subframe, and maintains low-power operation at other times.

[0093] Furthermore, the method of the embodiment of the present disclosure may also include: configuring and broadcasting the number of registration subframes, the number of high-speed retransmission subframes, and the number of low-speed retransmission subframes. According to the actual system capacity and wireless propagation environment, the settings of each functional subframe in the composite frame can be configured, and the tags in the system can be informed by broadcasting. For example, if there are a large number of tags competing for registration at the current moment, a larger number of registration subframes can be configured. If the current wireless environment is good, fewer or even no retransmission subframes can be configured, allowing more tags to be located and tracked, thereby improving positioning accuracy.

[0094] According to the method of the above embodiment, by monitoring the distance between the tag and the base station, the tag closer to the base station is switched to a higher communication rate to complete the communication, occupying a shorter time resource, allowing more tags to communicate with the base station, and improving the system capacity. At the same time, for tags farther away from the base station, the communication is completed at a conventional communication rate to ensure the coverage performance. On this basis, a composite frame structure for transmission is also designed, in which the design of the broadcast subframe, registration subframe and retransmission subframe can reduce the start-up time of the tag side sending and receiving signals, and reduce the power consumption of the tag. A retransmission mechanism is also designed. In each positioning cycle, once the communication is abnormal, there is an opportunity to reposition, which improves the reliability of the system. In addition, special subframes can be configured according to actual needs and changes in system capacity, which improves the flexibility and adaptability of the system.

[0095] On this basis, the present disclosure also provides an embodiment of a base station based on UWB adaptive communication.

[0096] Figure 7 A structural block diagram of a base station 400 based on UWB adaptive communication provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0097] like Figure 7 As shown, the base station 400 includes a distance monitoring module 410, a first base station communication module 420 and a second base station communication module 430. The base station 400 can be implemented by software, hardware or a combination of software and hardware. The base station 400 can execute the various communication methods on the aforementioned base station side.

[0098] The distance monitoring module 410 is used to monitor the distance between the target tag and the base station.

[0099] The first base station communication module 420 is configured to communicate with the target tag at a first communication rate when the distance is less than a first distance threshold.

[0100] The second base station communication module 430 is configured to communicate with the target tag at a second communication rate when the distance is greater than a second distance threshold.

[0101] The first distance threshold is less than or equal to the second distance threshold, and the first communication rate is greater than the second communication rate.

[0102] According to the disclosed embodiment, by real-time monitoring of the distance of the tag, the communication rate is dynamically adjusted to ensure that data can be transmitted with the tag at the most optimized rate at different distances. This will effectively reduce the packet loss rate and communication delay, and improve the overall data transmission efficiency. Through adaptive capacity adjustment, the stability of the communication connection is significantly improved, and a high communication quality can be maintained even in environments with large distance changes or strong interference.

[0103] Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a UWB-based adaptive communication method corresponding to the tag side.

[0104] Figure 8 A flowchart of a tag-side method for adaptive communication based on UWB provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0105] like Figure 8 As shown, the method on the tag side includes operations S510 to S530.

[0106] S510: Monitor the signal on the base station side.

[0107] S520: When the distance to the target base station is less than a first distance threshold, communicate with the target base station at a first communication rate according to an instruction of the target base station.

[0108] S530: When the distance to the target base station is greater than a second distance threshold, communicate with the target base station at a second communication rate according to an instruction of the target base station.

[0109] The first distance threshold is less than or equal to the second distance threshold, and the first communication rate is greater than the second communication rate.

[0110] According to the method of the embodiment of the present disclosure, if the tag is close to the base station, it will be scheduled by the base station to have a higher communication rate, and the communication can be completed in a shorter time. This not only reduces the working time of the tag and its power consumption, but also allows the base station to schedule resources for more tags for positioning communication, thereby improving the capacity of the system.

[0111] Furthermore, the tag side may also comply with the composite frame structure in the aforementioned embodiment. The specific frame structure refers to the aforementioned embodiment and will not be described in detail here.

[0112] When working, the tag side listens to the broadcast subframe to receive the broadcast signal sent by the base station side at the second communication rate, determines the target base station according to the monitored broadcast signal, and randomly selects a frame from multiple registration subframes to send a registration signal to the target base station to complete the registration. After the scheduled service subframe, after completing the data transmission, it listens in the corresponding retransmission subframe. If the previous communication is abnormal, it communicates with the base station again in the retransmission subframe to reposition. The tag side obtains the number of currently configured registration subframes, the number of high-speed retransmission subframes, and the number of low-speed retransmission subframes through the broadcast signal of the base station. Since the starting positions of these functional subframes are fixed, their numbers imply their corresponding subframe numbers, so that the tag can keep listening or sending signals in the corresponding functional subframes.

[0113] On this basis, the embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a tag based on UWB adaptive communication.

[0114] Fig. 9 A structural block diagram of a tag 600 based on UWB adaptive communication provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0115] like Fig. 9 As shown, the tag 600 includes a monitoring module 610, a first tag communication module 620 and a second tag communication module 630. The tag 600 can be implemented by software, hardware or a combination of software and hardware. The tag 600 can execute the various communication methods on the tag side mentioned above.

[0116] The monitoring module 610 is used to monitor the signal on the base station side.

[0117] The first tag communication module 620 is configured to communicate with the target base station at a first communication rate according to an instruction of the target base station when the distance to the target base station is less than a first distance threshold.

[0118] The second tag communication module 630 is configured to communicate with the target base station at a second communication rate according to an instruction of the target base station when the distance to the target base station is greater than a second distance threshold.

[0119] The first distance threshold is less than or equal to the second distance threshold, and the first communication rate is greater than the second communication rate.

[0120] According to the disclosed embodiment, the tag monitors the signal of the base station and dynamically adjusts the communication rate according to the instruction of the base station, ensuring that data can be transmitted with the base station at the most optimized rate at different distances, effectively reducing the packet loss rate and communication delay, and improving the overall data transmission efficiency. Even in environments with large distance changes or strong interference, high communication quality can be maintained. The structural design of the composite frame allows the tag to concentrate on monitoring the signal on the base station side before and after the broadcast subframe, and maintain low power operation in other periods, effectively reducing the power consumption of the tag.

[0121] On this basis, an embodiment of the present disclosure also provides an adaptive communication system based on UWB.

[0122] Fig.10 A block diagram of a UWB-based adaptive communication system 700 provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0123] like Fig.10 As shown, the communication system 700 includes at least one base station 710 and at least one tag 720 .

[0124] The base station 710 is used to monitor the distance to the target tag, and communicate with the target tag at a first communication rate when the distance is less than a first distance threshold; and communicate with the target tag at a second communication rate when the distance is greater than a second distance threshold.

[0125] Tag 720 is used to monitor the signal on the base station side. When the distance to the target base station is less than the first distance threshold, the tag 720 communicates with the target base station at a first communication rate according to the instruction of the target base station; when the distance to the target base station is greater than the second distance threshold, the tag 720 communicates with the target base station at a second communication rate according to the instruction of the target base station.

[0126] The first distance threshold is less than or equal to the second distance threshold, and the first communication rate is greater than the second communication rate.

[0127] The communication between the base station 710 and the tag 720 complies with the timing structure of the composite frame, and the composite frame includes multiple high-speed subframes and multiple low-speed subframes, and the number of high-speed subframes and low-speed subframes is a system-configurable parameter. The high-speed subframe is assigned to the tag communicating at the first communication rate, and the low-speed subframe is assigned to the tag communicating at the second communication rate. The composite frame also includes a broadcast subframe, and the composite frame starts with a broadcast subframe, followed by a high-speed service subframe and a low-speed service subframe. The composite frame also includes a registration subframe, and the registration subframe is one of the multiple low-speed subframes adjacent to the end of the composite frame. The composite frame also includes a high-speed retransmission subframe, and the high-speed retransmission subframe is a plurality of high-speed subframes adjacent to the broadcast subframe. The composite frame also includes a low-speed retransmission subframe, and the low-speed retransmission subframe is a plurality of low-speed subframes adjacent to the registration subframe.

[0128] The base station 710 is also used to configure and broadcast the number of registration subframes, the number of high-speed retransmission subframes and the number of low-speed retransmission subframes. Of course, this configuration can also be completed by optimizing a high-level algorithm or by manual optimization.

[0129] In this system, the time synchronization of the base station 710 adopts the NTP mode, and all base stations are synchronized to the NTP server. Since it is used in the internal network, the time synchronization accuracy can be better than 100us.

[0130] The time synchronization of tag 720 adopts the synchronization method based on UWB broadcast. The base station 710 sends broadcast data at the start time of the broadcast subframe, and the broadcast data contains the information of the transmission time. After receiving the broadcast information, the tag 720 calculates the time deviation of the tag according to the transmission time contained therein and makes corrections. The time synchronization accuracy of the tag is better than 1ms.

[0131] According to the communication system of the above embodiment, by monitoring the distance between the tag and the base station, the tag that is closer to the base station is switched to a higher communication rate to complete the communication, occupying a shorter time resource, allowing more tags to communicate with the base station, and improving the system capacity. At the same time, for tags that are far away from the base station, the communication is completed at a conventional communication rate to ensure the coverage performance. On this basis, a composite frame structure for transmission is also designed, in which the design of the broadcast subframe, registration subframe and retransmission subframe can reduce the startup time of the tag side to send and receive signals, and reduce the power consumption of the tag. A retransmission mechanism is also designed. In each positioning cycle, once the communication is abnormal, there is an opportunity to reposition, which improves the reliability of the system. In addition, special subframes can be configured according to actual needs and changes in system capacity, which improves the flexibility and adaptability of the system.

[0132] The present disclosure also provides an electronic device for UWB adaptive communication, which includes one or more processors and a memory, wherein the memory is used to store one or more computer programs. When the one or more computer programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors implement the various UWB adaptive communication methods as described above.

[0133] The above describes specific embodiments of the present disclosure. Other embodiments are within the scope of the appended claims. In some cases, the actions or steps recorded in the claims can be performed in an order different from that in the embodiments and still achieve the desired results. In addition, the processes depicted in the accompanying drawings do not necessarily require the specific order or continuous order shown to achieve the desired results. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

[0134] Each embodiment in the present disclosure is described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. In particular, for the tag side method, the corresponding base station, tag, communication system and electronic device embodiments, since they are basically similar to the base station side communication method embodiments, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the partial description of the base station side method embodiment.

[0135] The above description is only an embodiment of the present disclosure and is not intended to limit the present disclosure. For those skilled in the art, the present disclosure may have various changes and variations. Any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present disclosure shall be included in the scope of the claims of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. An adaptive communication method based on UWB, applicable to a base station side, characterized in that: include: Monitor the distance between the target tag and the base station; When the distance is less than a first distance threshold, communicating with the target tag at a first communication rate; When the distance is greater than a second distance threshold, communicating with the target tag at a second communication rate; Wherein, the first distance threshold is less than or equal to the second distance threshold, and the first communication rate is greater than the second communication rate; the base station communicates with the tag side in accordance with the structure of the composite frame, the composite frame includes a plurality of high-speed subframes and a plurality of low-speed subframes, the high-speed subframes are assigned to the tag communicating at the first communication rate, and the low-speed subframes are assigned to the tag communicating at the second communication rate; the composite frame also includes a broadcast subframe, the composite frame starts with the broadcast subframe, followed by a plurality of the high-speed subframes and a plurality of the low-speed subframes in sequence; the composite frame also includes a registration subframe, the registration subframe is a plurality of the low-speed subframes adjacent to the end of the composite frame; the composite frame also includes a high-speed retransmission subframe and a low-speed retransmission subframe, the high-speed retransmission subframe is a plurality of high-speed subframes adjacent to the broadcast subframe, and the low-speed retransmission subframe is a plurality of low-speed subframes adjacent to the registration subframe; The method further includes sending a broadcast signal of the base station at a second communication rate within the broadcast subframe, and configuring and broadcasting the number of the registration subframes, the number of the high-speed retransmission subframes, and the number of the low-speed retransmission subframes.

2. The adaptive communication method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method further comprises: A registration signal sent by the tag side is received in the registration subframe.

3. The adaptive communication method according to claim 1, characterized in that: After communicating with the target tag at the first communication rate, the method further includes: If the communication with the target tag is abnormal, communication with the target tag is performed again in the high-speed retransmission subframe.

4. The adaptive communication method according to claim 1, characterized in that: After communicating with the target tag at the second communication rate, the method further includes: If the communication with the target tag is abnormal, communication with the target tag is performed again in the low-speed retransmission subframe.

5. A base station for UWB-based adaptive communication, characterized in that: include: Distance monitoring module, used to monitor the distance between the target tag and the base station; A first base station communication module, configured to communicate with the target tag at a first communication rate when the distance is less than a first distance threshold; A second base station communication module, configured to communicate with the target tag at a second communication rate when the distance is greater than a second distance threshold; Wherein, the first distance threshold is less than or equal to the second distance threshold, and the first communication rate is greater than the second communication rate; the base station communicates with the tag side in accordance with the structure of the composite frame, the composite frame includes a plurality of high-speed subframes and a plurality of low-speed subframes, the high-speed subframes are assigned to the tag communicating at the first communication rate, and the low-speed subframes are assigned to the tag communicating at the second communication rate; the composite frame also includes a broadcast subframe, the composite frame starts with the broadcast subframe, followed by a plurality of the high-speed subframes and a plurality of the low-speed subframes in sequence; the composite frame also includes a registration subframe, the registration subframe is a plurality of the low-speed subframes adjacent to the end of the composite frame; the composite frame also includes a high-speed retransmission subframe and a low-speed retransmission subframe, the high-speed retransmission subframe is a plurality of high-speed subframes adjacent to the broadcast subframe, and the low-speed retransmission subframe is a plurality of low-speed subframes adjacent to the registration subframe; The second base station communication module is also used to send the base station's broadcast signal at a second communication rate within the broadcast subframe, and configure and broadcast the number of registration subframes, the number of high-speed retransmission subframes, and the number of low-speed retransmission subframes.

6. An adaptive communication method based on UWB, applicable to the tag side, characterized in that: include: Monitor the signal on the base station side; When the distance to the target base station is less than a first distance threshold, communicating with the target base station at a first communication rate according to an instruction of the target base station; When the distance to the target base station is greater than a second distance threshold, communicating with the target base station at a second communication rate according to an instruction of the target base station; Wherein, the first distance threshold is less than the second distance threshold, and the first communication rate is greater than the second communication rate; the tag communicates with the base station side in accordance with the structure of the composite frame, the composite frame includes a plurality of high-speed subframes and a plurality of low-speed subframes, the high-speed subframes are assigned to the tag communicating at the first communication rate, and the low-speed subframes are assigned to the tag communicating at the second communication rate; the composite frame also includes a broadcast subframe, the composite frame starts with the broadcast subframe, followed by a plurality of the high-speed subframes and a plurality of the low-speed subframes in sequence; the composite frame also includes a registration subframe, the registration subframe is a plurality of the low-speed subframes adjacent to the end of the composite frame; the composite frame also includes a high-speed retransmission subframe and a low-speed retransmission subframe, the high-speed retransmission subframe is a plurality of high-speed subframes adjacent to the broadcast subframe, and the low-speed retransmission subframe is a plurality of low-speed subframes adjacent to the registration subframe; The broadcast subframe is used by the base station side to send the base station's broadcast signal at the second communication rate; the number of the registration subframes, the number of the high-speed retransmission subframes and the number of the low-speed retransmission subframes are configured and broadcast by the base station side.

7. A tag based on UWB adaptive communication, characterized in that: include: A monitoring module, used to monitor signals on the base station side; A first tag communication module, configured to communicate with the target base station at a first communication rate according to an instruction of the target base station when the distance to the target base station is less than a first distance threshold; A second tag communication module, configured to communicate with the target base station at a second communication rate according to an instruction of the target base station when the distance to the target base station is greater than a second distance threshold; Wherein, the first distance threshold is less than or equal to the second distance threshold, and the first communication rate is greater than the second communication rate; the tag communicates with the base station side in accordance with the structure of the composite frame, the composite frame includes multiple high-speed subframes and multiple low-speed subframes, the high-speed subframes are assigned to the tag communicating at the first communication rate, and the low-speed subframes are assigned to the tag communicating at the second communication rate; the composite frame also includes a broadcast subframe, the composite frame starts with the broadcast subframe, followed by multiple high-speed subframes and multiple low-speed subframes in sequence; the composite frame also includes a registration subframe, the registration subframe is a plurality of low-speed subframes adjacent to the end of the composite frame; the composite frame also includes a high-speed retransmission subframe and a low-speed retransmission subframe, the high-speed retransmission subframe is a plurality of high-speed subframes adjacent to the broadcast subframe, and the low-speed retransmission subframe is a plurality of low-speed subframes adjacent to the registration subframe; The broadcast subframe is used by the base station side to send the broadcast signal of the base station at the second communication rate. The number of the registration subframes, the number of the high-speed retransmission subframes and the number of the low-speed retransmission subframes are configured and broadcasted by the base station side.

8. An adaptive communication system based on UWB, comprising a base station and a tag, characterized in that: The base station is used to monitor the distance to the target tag, and when the distance is less than a first distance threshold, communicate with the target tag using a first communication rate; when the distance is greater than a second distance threshold, communicate with the target tag using a second communication rate; The tag is used to monitor the signal on the base station side, and when the distance to the target base station is less than the first distance threshold, communicate with the target base station at a first communication rate according to the instruction of the target base station; When the distance to the target base station is greater than a second distance threshold, communicating with the target base station at a second communication rate according to an instruction of the target base station; Wherein, the first distance threshold is less than or equal to the second distance threshold, and the first communication rate is greater than the second communication rate; the tag communicates with the base station in accordance with the structure of the composite frame, the composite frame includes a plurality of high-speed subframes and a plurality of low-speed subframes, the high-speed subframes are assigned by the base station to the tag communicating at the first communication rate, and the low-speed subframes are assigned by the base station to the tag communicating at the second communication rate; the composite frame also includes a broadcast subframe, the composite frame starts with the broadcast subframe, followed by a plurality of the high-speed subframes and a plurality of the low-speed subframes; the composite frame also includes a registration subframe, the registration subframe is a plurality of the low-speed subframes adjacent to the end of the composite frame; the composite frame also includes a high-speed retransmission subframe and a low-speed retransmission subframe, the high-speed retransmission subframe is a plurality of high-speed subframes adjacent to the broadcast subframe, and the low-speed retransmission subframe is a plurality of low-speed subframes adjacent to the registration subframe; The number of the registration subframes, the number of the high-speed retransmission subframes, and the number of the low-speed retransmission subframes are configured and broadcast by the base station.

9. The communication system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The number of the high-speed subframes and the low-speed subframes are system-configurable parameters.

10. An electronic device for UWB adaptive communication, comprising: one or more processors; A memory for storing one or more computer programs, wherein when the one or more computer programs are executed by one or more processors, the one or more processors implement the UWB-based adaptive communication method described in any one of claims 1 to 4 or 6.

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