Artificial noise injection in conjunction with channel state information reporting

Abstract

Aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communications. In some aspects, a network node may receive an unprecoded reference signal. The network node may report beam information associated with artificial noise (AN) based on the non-precoded reference signal. The network node may receive one or more data signals protected by one or more pre-coded AN signals, wherein the one or more pre-coded AN signals are based on the beam information. Numerous other aspects are described.

Description

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This patent application claims priority to Greek Patent Application No. 20220100398, filed on May 16, 2022, entitled “ARTIFICIAL NOISE INJECTION IN CONNECTION WITH CHANNEL STATE INFORMATION REPORTING” and assigned to the assignee of this application. The disclosure of the prior application is considered a part of this patent application and is incorporated by reference into this patent application. Background Art

[0003] Aspects of the present disclosure relate generally to wireless communications, and to techniques and apparatus for artificial noise injection in conjunction with channel state information reporting.

[0004] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide a variety of telecommunication services, such as telephone, video, data, messaging, and broadcasting. Typical wireless communication systems may employ multiple access technologies that can support communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (e.g., bandwidth, transmit power, etc.). Examples of such multiple access technologies include code division multiple access (CDMA) systems, time division multiple access (TDMA) systems, frequency division multiple access (FDMA) systems, orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) systems, single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) systems, time division synchronous code division multiple access (TD-SCDMA) systems, and long term evolution (LTE). LTE / LTE-Advanced is a set of enhancements to the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) mobile standard promulgated by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP).

[0005] A wireless network may include one or more base stations that support communications for a user equipment (UE) or multiple UEs. A UE may communicate with a base station via downlink communications and uplink communications. A "downlink" (or "DL") refers to the communication link from a base station to a UE, and an "uplink" (or "UL") refers to the communication link from a UE to a base station.

[0006] The above-mentioned multiple access technologies have been adopted in various telecommunication standards to provide a common protocol that enables different UEs to communicate at a city, country, region and / or global level. New Radio (NR) (which may be 5G) is a set of enhancements to the LTE mobile standard promulgated by 3GPP. NR is designed to better integrate with other open standards by improving spectrum efficiency, reducing costs, improving services, utilizing new spectrum, and using orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) (CP-OFDM) with cyclic prefix (CP) on the downlink, using CP-OFDM and / or single carrier frequency division multiplexing (SC-FDM) (also known as discrete Fourier transform spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM)) on the uplink, and supporting beamforming, multiple input multiple output (MIMO) antenna technology and carrier aggregation, so as to better support mobile broadband Internet access. As the demand for mobile broadband access continues to increase, further improvements in LTE, NR and other radio access technologies remain useful. Summary of the invention

[0007] Some aspects described herein relate to a network node for wireless communication. The network node may include a memory and one or more processors coupled to the memory. The one or more processors may be configured to receive an unprecoded reference signal. The one or more processors may be configured to report beam information associated with artificial noise (AN) based on the unprecoded reference signal. The one or more processors may be configured to receive one or more data signals protected by one or more precoded AN signals, wherein the one or more precoded AN signals are based on beam information.

[0008] Some aspects described herein relate to a network node for wireless communication. The network node may include a memory and one or more processors coupled to the memory. The one or more processors may be configured to send an unprecoded reference signal. The one or more processors may be configured to receive a report of beam information associated with an AN based on sending the unprecoded reference signal. The one or more processors may be configured to send one or more data signals protected by one or more precoded AN signals, wherein the one or more precoded AN signals are based on beam information.

[0009] Some aspects described herein relate to a method of wireless communication performed by a network node. The method may include receiving an unprecoded reference signal. The method may include reporting beam information associated with an AN based on the unprecoded reference signal. The method may include receiving one or more data signals protected by one or more precoded AN signals, wherein the one or more precoded AN signals are based on the beam information.

[0010] Some aspects described herein relate to a method of wireless communication performed by a network node. The method may include sending a non-precoded reference signal. The method may include receiving a report of beam information associated with an AN based on sending the non-precoded reference signal. The method may include sending one or more data signals protected by one or more precoded AN signals, wherein the one or more precoded AN signals are based on the beam information.

[0011] Some aspects described herein relate to a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing an instruction set for wireless communication by a network node. The instruction set, when executed by one or more processors of the network node, may cause the network node to receive an unprecoded reference signal. The instruction set, when executed by one or more processors of the network node, may cause the network node to report beam information associated with an AN based on the unprecoded reference signal. The instruction set, when executed by one or more processors of the network node, may cause the network node to receive one or more data signals protected by one or more precoded AN signals, wherein the one or more precoded AN signals are based on beam information.

[0012] Some aspects described herein relate to a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing an instruction set for wireless communication by a network node. The instruction set, when executed by one or more processors of the network node, may cause the network node to send an unprecoded reference signal. The instruction set, when executed by one or more processors of the network node, may cause the network node to receive a report of beam information associated with an AN based on sending the unprecoded reference signal. The instruction set, when executed by one or more processors of the network node, may cause the network node to send one or more data signals protected by one or more precoded AN signals, wherein the one or more precoded AN signals are based on beam information.

[0013] Some aspects described herein relate to an apparatus for wireless communication. The apparatus may include means for receiving a non-precoded reference signal. The apparatus may include means for reporting beam information associated with an AN based on the non-precoded reference signal. The apparatus may include means for receiving one or more data signals protected by one or more precoded AN signals, wherein the one or more precoded AN signals are based on the beam information.

[0014] Some aspects described herein relate to an apparatus for wireless communication. The apparatus may include means for sending a non-precoded reference signal. The apparatus may include means for receiving a report of beam information associated with an AN based on sending the non-precoded reference signal. The apparatus may include means for sending one or more data signals protected by one or more precoded AN signals, wherein the one or more precoded AN signals are based on the beam information.

[0015] The various aspects generally include methods, apparatus, systems, computer program products, non-transitory computer-readable media, user equipment, base stations, network entities, nodes, network nodes, wireless communication devices and / or processing systems as fully described herein with reference to the drawings, specifications and appendices and as illustrated in the drawings, specifications and appendices.

[0016] The features and technical advantages of examples according to the present disclosure have been outlined quite extensively above so that the following specific embodiments may be better understood. Additional features and advantages will be described below. The disclosed concepts and specific examples may be easily used as a basis for modifying or designing other structures for achieving the same purpose of the present disclosure. Such equivalent constructions do not depart from the scope of protection of the appended claims. The characteristics of the concepts disclosed herein, both in terms of their organization and method of operation, and the associated advantages will be better understood by considering the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Each of the accompanying drawings is provided for the purpose of illustration and description, and not as a definition of the limitations of the claims.

[0017] Although various aspects are described in the present disclosure by illustrating some examples, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that such aspects can be implemented in many different arrangements and scenarios. The technology described herein can be implemented using different platform types, devices, systems, shapes, sizes and / or packaging arrangements. For example, some aspects can be implemented via integrated chip implementations or other devices based on non-module components (e.g., end-user devices, vehicles, communication equipment, computing equipment, industrial equipment, retail / shopping equipment, medical equipment, and / or artificial intelligence devices). Various aspects can be implemented in chip-level components, modular components, non-modular components, non-chip-level components, device-level components and / or system-level components. The equipment incorporating the various aspects and features described may include additional components and features for implementing and practicing the various aspects claimed and described. For example, the transmission and reception of wireless signals may include one or more components (e.g., hardware components, including antennas, radio frequency (RF) chains, power amplifiers, modulators, buffers, processors, interleavers, adders and / or summers) for analog and digital purposes. The various aspects described herein are intended to be practiced in various devices, components, systems, distributed arrangements, and / or end-user devices of various sizes, shapes and configurations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to fully understand the above-mentioned features of the present disclosure, a more specific description of the invention briefly summarized above can be obtained by referring to various aspects (some of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings). However, it should be noted that the accompanying drawings only illustrate certain typical aspects of the present disclosure and are therefore not to be considered as limiting the scope thereof, as the specification may admit of other equally effective aspects. The same reference numerals in different drawings may identify the same or similar elements.

[0019] Figure 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless network according to the present disclosure.

[0020] Figure 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of communication between a base station and a user equipment (UE) in a wireless network according to the present disclosure.

[0021] Figure 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of a user plane protocol stack and a control plane protocol stack of a base station and a core network for communicating with a UE according to the present disclosure.

[0022] Figure 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of physical channels and reference signals in a wireless network according to the present disclosure.

[0023] Figure 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of side link communication and access link communication in the presence of an intercepting communication device according to the present disclosure.

[0024] Fig. 6A and Figure 6B is a diagram illustrating an example associated with artificial noise injection in conjunction with channel state information reporting according to the present disclosure.

[0025] Figures 7 and 8 is a diagram illustrating an example process associated with artificial noise injection in conjunction with channel state information reporting according to the present disclosure.

[0026] Figures 9 and 10 is a diagram of an example apparatus for wireless communications according to the present disclosure.

[0027] Fig.11 is a diagram illustrating an example of a decomposed base station architecture according to the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The various aspects of the present disclosure are described more fully below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present disclosure can be embodied in many different forms, and should not be construed as being limited to any specific structure or function presented throughout the present disclosure. Instead, these aspects are provided so that the present disclosure will be thorough and complete, and the protection scope of the present disclosure will be fully conveyed to those skilled in the art. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of the present disclosure is intended to cover any aspect of the present disclosure disclosed herein, whether it is implemented independently or in combination with any other aspect of the present disclosure. For example, any number of aspects set forth herein may be used to implement a device or practice method. In addition, the scope of the present disclosure is intended to cover such devices or methods implemented using other structures, functions, or structures and functions in addition to or different from the various aspects of the disclosure set forth herein. It should be understood that any aspect of the disclosure disclosed herein may be embodied by one or more elements of the claims.

[0029] Several aspects of telecommunication systems will now be presented with reference to various devices and techniques. These devices and techniques will be described in the following detailed description and illustrated in the accompanying drawings by various blocks, modules, components, circuits, steps, processes, algorithms, etc. (collectively referred to as "elements"). These elements can be implemented using hardware, software, or a combination thereof. Whether these elements are implemented as hardware or software depends on the specific application and the design constraints imposed on the overall system.

[0030] Although various aspects may be described herein using terms generally associated with 5G or new radio (NR) radio access technology (RAT), various aspects of the present disclosure may be applied to other RATs, such as 3G RAT, 4G RAT, and / or post-5G RATs (e.g., 6G).

[0031] Figure 11 is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless network 100 according to the present disclosure. The wireless network 100 may be a 5G (e.g., NR) network and / or a 4G (e.g., Long Term Evolution (LTE)) network, or may include elements of a 5G (e.g., NR) network and / or elements of a 4G (e.g., Long Term Evolution (LTE)) network, etc. The wireless network 100 may include one or more base stations 110 (shown as BS 110a, BS 110b, BS 110c, and BS 110d), a user equipment (UE) 120 or multiple UEs 120 (shown as UE 120a, UE 120b, UE 120c, UE 120d, and UE 120e), and / or other network entities. The base station 110 is an entity that communicates with the UE 120. Base station 110 (sometimes referred to as BS) may include, for example, an NR base station, an LTE base station, a Node B, an eNB (e.g., in 4G), a gNB (e.g., in 5G), an access point, and / or a transmit receive point (TRP). Each base station 110 may provide communication coverage for a particular geographic area. In the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), the term "cell" may refer to a coverage area of ​​a base station 110 and / or a base station subsystem serving the coverage area, depending on the context in which the term is used.

[0032] The base station 110 may provide communication coverage for a macro cell, a pico cell, a femto cell, and / or another type of cell. A macro cell may cover a relatively large geographic area (e.g., a radius of several kilometers) and may allow unrestricted access by a UE 120 with a service subscription. A pico cell may cover a relatively small geographic area and may allow unrestricted access by a UE 120 with a service subscription. A femto cell may cover a relatively small geographic area (e.g., a home) and may allow restricted access by a UE 120 associated with the femto cell (e.g., a UE 120 in a closed subscriber group (CSG)). A base station 110 for a macro cell may be referred to as a macro base station. A base station 110 for a pico cell may be referred to as a pico base station. A base station 110 for a femto cell may be referred to as a femto base station or a home base station. In Figure 1 In the example shown in , BS 110a may be a macro base station for macro cell 102a, BS 110b may be a pico base station for pico cell 102b, and BS 110c may be a femto base station for femto cell 102c. A base station may support one or more (eg, three) cells.

[0033] As described in more detail herein, the deployment of a communication system (such as a 5G new radio (NR) system) can be arranged with various components or components in a variety of ways. In a 5G NR system or network, a network node, a network entity, a mobility element of a network, a radio access network (RAN) node, a core network node, a network element, a base station, or network equipment can be implemented in an aggregated or decomposed architecture. For example, a base station (such as a node B (NB), an evolved NB (eNB), an NR base station (BS), a 5G NB, a gNodeB (gNB), an access point (AP), a transmit receive point (TRP), or a cell) or one or more units (or one or more components) performing base station functionality can be implemented as an aggregated base station (also referred to as a standalone base station or a monolithic base station) or a decomposed base station. "Network entity", "network node" or "node" may refer to a decomposed base station or one or more units of a decomposed base station (such as one or more CUs, one or more DUs, one or more RUs, or a combination thereof).

[0034] A converged base station may be configured to utilize a radio protocol stack that is physically or logically integrated within a single RAN node (e.g., within a single device or unit). A decomposed base station may be configured to utilize a protocol stack that is physically or logically distributed between two or more units (such as one or more CUs, one or more DUs, or one or more RUs). In some aspects, a CU may be implemented within a RAN node, and one or more DUs may be co-located with the CU, or alternatively, may be geographically or virtually distributed in one or more other RAN nodes. A DU may be implemented to communicate with one or more RUs. Each of a CU, a DU, and a RU may also be implemented as a virtual unit (e.g., a virtual central unit (VCU), a virtual distributed unit (VDU), or a virtual radio unit (VRU)).

[0035] Base station type operations or network designs may take into account the aggregated nature of base station functionality. For example, a decomposed base station may be used in an integrated access backhaul (IAB) network, an open radio access network (O-RAN (network configuration such as that initiated by the O-RAN Alliance)), or a virtualized radio access network (vRAN, also known as a cloud radio access network (C-RAN)) to facilitate the scaling of a communication system by separating base station functionality into one or more units that can be deployed separately. A decomposed base station may include functionality implemented across two or more units at various physical locations, as well as functionality implemented virtually for at least one unit, which may enable flexibility in network design. Individual units of a decomposed base station may be configured for wired or wireless communication with at least one other unit of the decomposed base station.

[0036] As described herein, a node (which may be referred to as a node, a network node, a network entity, or a wireless node) may include, may be, or may be included in (e.g., as a component of) a base station (e.g., any base station described herein), a UE (e.g., any UE described herein), a network controller, an apparatus, a device, a computing system, an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, a distributed unit (DU), a central unit (CU), a remote / radio unit (RU) (which may also be referred to as a remote radio unit (RRU)), and / or another processing entity configured to perform any of the techniques described herein. For example, the network node may be a UE. For another example, the network node may be a base station or a network entity. As another example, a first network node may be configured to communicate with a second network node or a third network node. In one aspect of this example, the first network node may be a UE, the second network node may be a base station, and the third network node may be a UE. In another aspect of this example, the first network node may be a UE, the second network node may be a base station, and the third network node may be a base station. In yet other aspects of this example, the first network node, the second network node, and the third network node may be different relative to these examples. Similarly, references to UE, base station, device, equipment, computing system, etc. may include disclosure of UE, base station, device, equipment, computing system, etc. as a network node. For example, a disclosure that a UE is configured to receive information from a base station also discloses that a first network node is configured to receive information from a second network node. Consistent with the present disclosure, once a specific example is expanded according to the present disclosure (e.g., a UE is configured to receive information from a base station also discloses that a first network node is configured to receive information from a second network node), a broader example of a narrower example may be interpreted in reverse, but in a broad, open-ended manner. In the above example where a UE is configured to receive information from a base station also discloses that a first network node is configured to receive information from a second network node, the first network node may refer to a first UE configured to receive information, a first base station, a first device, a first device, a first computing system, a first group of one or more components, a first processing entity, etc.; and the second network node may refer to a second UE, a second base station, a second device, a second device, a second computing system, a second group of one or more components, a second processing entity, etc.

[0037] As described herein, different terms may be used in various aspects to describe the communication of information (e.g., any information, signal, etc.). The disclosure of one communication term includes the disclosure of other communication terms. For example, a first network node may be described as being configured to send information to a second network node. In this example and consistent with the present disclosure, the disclosure that the first network node is configured to send information to the second network node includes the disclosure that the first network node is configured to provide, transmit, output, communicate, or send information to the second network node. Similarly, in this example and consistent with the present disclosure, the disclosure that the first network node is configured to send information to the second network node includes the disclosure that the second network node is configured to receive, obtain, or decode information provided, transmitted, output, communicated, or sent by the first network node.

[0038] In some examples, the cell may not necessarily be fixed, and the geographic area of ​​the cell may move according to the location of the mobile base station 110 (e.g., a mobile base station). In some examples, the base stations 110 can be interconnected with each other and / or to one or more other base stations 110 or network nodes (not shown) in the wireless network 100 through various types of backhaul interfaces, such as direct physical connections or virtual networks, using any suitable transport network.

[0039] The wireless network 100 may include one or more relay stations. A relay station is an entity that can receive transmissions of data from an upstream station (e.g., a base station 110 or a UE 120) and transmit transmissions of data to a downstream station (e.g., a UE 120 or a base station 110). A relay station may be a UE 120 that is capable of relaying transmissions for other UEs 120. Figure 1 In the example shown in FIG. 1 , BS 110 d (eg, a relay base station) can communicate with BS 110 a (eg, a macro base station) and UE 120 d to facilitate communication between BS 110 a and UE 120 d. Base station 110 that relays communication may be referred to as a relay station, relay base station, relay, or the like.

[0040] The wireless network 100 may be a heterogeneous network that includes different types of base stations 110, such as macro base stations, pico base stations, femto base stations, relay base stations, etc. These different types of base stations 110 may have different transmit power levels, different coverage areas, and / or different impacts on interference in the wireless network 100. For example, a macro base station may have a high transmit power level (e.g., 5 watts to 40 watts), while a pico base station, a femto base station, and a relay base station may have a lower transmit power level (e.g., 0.1 watt to 2 watts).

[0041] The network controller 130 may be coupled to or in communication with a set of base stations 110 and may provide coordination and control for the base stations. The network controller 130 may communicate with the base stations 110 via a backhaul communication link. The base stations 110 may communicate directly with each other or indirectly via a wireless backhaul communication link or a wired backhaul communication link.

[0042] UE 120 may be distributed throughout wireless network 100, and each UE 120 may be stationary or mobile. UE 120 may include, for example, an access terminal, a terminal, a mobile station, and / or a subscriber unit. UE 120 may be a cellular phone (e.g., a smart phone), a personal digital assistant (PDA), a wireless modem, a wireless communication device, a handheld device, a laptop computer, a cordless phone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, a tablet computer, a camera, a gaming device, a netbook, a smartbook, an ultrabook, a medical device, a biometric device, a wearable device (e.g., a smart watch, smart clothing, smart glasses, a smart wristband, smart jewelry (e.g., a smart ring or a smart bracelet)), an entertainment device (e.g., a music device, a video device, and / or a satellite radio), a vehicle component or sensor, a smart meter / sensor, an industrial manufacturing equipment, a global positioning system device, and / or any other suitable device configured to communicate via a wireless medium.

[0043] Some UEs 120 may be considered as machine type communication (MTC) or evolved or enhanced machine type communication (eMTC) UEs. MTC UEs and / or eMTC UEs may include, for example, robots, drones, remote devices, sensors, meters, monitors, and / or location tags that may communicate with a base station, another device (e.g., a remote device), or some other entity. Some UEs 120 may be considered as Internet of Things (IoT) devices and / or may be implemented as NB-IoT (narrowband IoT) devices. Some UEs 120 may be considered as customer premises equipment. UE 120 may be included in a housing that houses components of UE 120, such as a processor component and / or a memory component. In some examples, the processor component and the memory component may be coupled together. For example, a processor component (e.g., one or more processors) and a memory component (e.g., a memory) may be operationally coupled, communicatively coupled, electronically coupled, and / or electrically coupled.

[0044] In general, any number of wireless networks 100 may be deployed in a given geographic area. Each wireless network 100 may support a specific RAT and may operate on one or more frequencies. RAT may be referred to as a radio technology, an air interface, etc. Frequency may be referred to as a carrier, a frequency channel, etc. Each frequency may support a single RAT in a given geographic area to avoid interference between wireless networks of different RATs. In some cases, NR or 5G RAT networks may be deployed.

[0045] In some examples, two or more UEs 120 (e.g., shown as UE 120a and UE 120e) may communicate directly using one or more side link channels (e.g., without using base station 110 as an intermediary to communicate with each other). For example, UE 120 may communicate using peer-to-peer (P2P) communication, device-to-device (D2D) communication, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) protocols (e.g., which may include vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) protocols, vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) protocols, or vehicle-to-pedestrian (V2P) protocols), and / or mesh networks. In such examples, UE 120 may perform scheduling operations, resource selection operations, and / or other operations described elsewhere herein as being performed by base station 110.

[0046] The devices of the wireless network 100 may communicate using an electromagnetic spectrum, which may be subdivided into various categories, bands, channels, etc., based on frequency or wavelength. For example, the devices of the wireless network 100 may communicate using one or more operating bands. In 5G NR, two initial operating bands have been identified as frequency ranges designated FR1 (410 MHz-7.125 GHz) and FR2 (24.25 GHz-52.6 GHz). It should be understood that, although a portion of FR1 is greater than 6 GHz, FR1 is often (interchangeably) referred to as a "below 6 GHz" band in various documents and articles. A similar naming problem sometimes occurs with respect to FR2, which is often (interchangeably) referred to as a "millimeter wave" band in documents and articles, although different from the extremely high frequency (EHF) band (30 GHz-300 GHz) identified as a "millimeter wave" band by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU).

[0047] The frequency between FR1 and FR2 is generally referred to as mid-band frequency. Recent 5G NR research has identified the operating band for these mid-band frequencies as a frequency range designated FR3 (7.125GHz-24.25GHz). The frequency band falling within FR3 can inherit FR1 characteristics and / or FR2 characteristics, and therefore the characteristics of FR1 and / or FR2 can be effectively extended to mid-band frequencies. In addition, higher frequency bands are currently being explored to extend 5G NR operation to more than 52.6GHz. For example, three higher operating bands have been identified as frequency ranges designated FR4a or FR4-1 (52.6GHz-71GHz), FR4 (52.6GHz-114.25GHz) and FR5 (114.25GHz-300GHz). Each of these higher frequency bands falls within the EHF band.

[0048] In view of the above examples, unless otherwise explicitly stated, it should be understood that if the term "below 6 GHz" or the like is used herein, the term can be broadly referred to as a frequency that can be lower than 6 GHz, can be within FR1, or can include mid-band frequencies. In addition, unless otherwise explicitly stated, it should be understood that if the term "millimeter wave" or the like is used herein, the term can be broadly referred to as a frequency that can include mid-band frequencies, can be within FR2, FR4, FR4-a or FR4-1 and / or FR5, or can be within the EHF band. It is contemplated that the frequencies included in these operating bands (e.g., FR1, FR2, FR3, FR4, FR4-a, FR4-1, and / or FR5) can be modified, and the techniques described herein are applicable to those modified frequency ranges.

[0049] In some aspects, UE 120 may include a communication manager 140. As described in more detail elsewhere herein, the communication manager 140 may perform operations such as receiving an unprecoded reference signal, reporting beam information associated with artificial noise (AN) based on the unprecoded reference signal, and receiving one or more data signals protected by one or more precoded AN signals, wherein the one or more precoded AN signals are based on the beam information. Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 140 may perform one or more other operations described herein.

[0050] In some aspects, the base station 110 may include a communication manager 150. As described in more detail elsewhere herein, the communication manager 150 may perform operations such as sending an unprecoded reference signal, receiving a report of beam information associated with an AN based on sending the unprecoded reference signal, and sending one or more data signals protected by one or more precoded AN signals, wherein the one or more precoded AN signals are based on the beam information. Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 150 may perform one or more other operations described herein.

[0051] As indicated above, Figure 1 Other examples can be found in the Figure 1 The examples described are different.

[0052] Figure 2 2 is a diagram illustrating an example 200 of base station 110 communicating with UE 120 in wireless network 100 according to the present disclosure. Base station 110 may be equipped with a set of antennas 234a to 234t, such as T antennas (T≥1). UE 120 may be equipped with a set of antennas 252a to 252r, such as R antennas (R≥1).

[0053] At the base station 110, the transmit processor 220 may receive data intended for the UE 120 (or a set of UEs 120) from the data source 212. The transmit processor 220 may select one or more modulation and coding schemes (MCS) for the UE 120 based on one or more channel quality indicators (CQI) received from the UE 120. The base station 110 may process (e.g., encode and modulate) the data for the UE 120 based on the MCS selected for the UE 120 and provide data symbols for the UE 120. The transmit processor 220 may process system information (e.g., for semi-static resource partitioning information (SRPI)) and control information (e.g., CQI requests, grants, and / or upper layer signaling), and provide overhead symbols and control symbols. The transmit processor 220 may generate reference symbols for reference signals (e.g., cell-specific reference signals (CRS) or demodulation reference signals (DMRS)) and synchronization signals (e.g., primary synchronization signals (PSS) or secondary synchronization signals (SSS)). The transmit (TX) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) processor 230 may perform spatial processing (e.g., pre-decoding) on ​​data symbols, control symbols, overhead symbols, and / or reference symbols, where applicable, and may provide a set of output symbol streams (e.g., T output symbol streams) to a corresponding set of modems 232 (e.g., T modems) (shown as modems 232a to 232t). For example, each output symbol stream may be provided to a modulator component (shown as MOD) of the modem 232. Each modem 232 may process a corresponding output symbol stream (e.g., for OFDM) using a corresponding modulator component to obtain an output sample stream. Each modem 232 may further process (e.g., convert to analog, amplify, filter, and / or up-convert) the output sample stream using a corresponding modulator component to obtain a downlink signal. The modems 232a to 232t may transmit a set of downlink signals (e.g., T downlink signals) via a corresponding set of antennas 234 (e.g., T antennas) (shown as antennas 234a to 234t).

[0054] At the UE 120, a set of antennas 252 (shown as antennas 252a to 252r) may receive downlink signals from the base station 110 and / or other base stations 110, and a set of received signals (e.g., R received signals) may be provided to a set of modems 254 (e.g., R modems) (shown as modems 254a to 254r). For example, each received signal may be provided to a demodulator component (shown as DEMOD) of the modem 254. Each modem 254 may use a corresponding demodulator component to condition (e.g., filter, amplify, downconvert, and / or digitize) the received signal to obtain input samples. Each modem 254 may use a demodulator component to further process the input samples (e.g., for OFDM) to obtain received symbols. A MIMO detector 256 may obtain received symbols from the modem 254, may perform MIMO detection on the received symbols where applicable, and may provide detected symbols. The receive processor 258 may process (e.g., demodulate and decode) the detected symbols, may provide decoded data for the UE 120 to the data sink 260, and may provide decoded control information and system information to the controller / processor 280. The term "controller / processor" may refer to one or more controllers, one or more processors, or a combination thereof. The channel processor may determine a reference signal received power (RSRP) parameter, a received signal strength indicator (RSSI) parameter, a reference signal received quality (RSRQ) parameter, and / or a CQI parameter, among other things. In some examples, one or more components of the UE 120 may be included in the housing 284.

[0055] The network controller 130 may include a communication unit 294, a controller / processor 290, and a memory 292. The network controller 130 may include, for example, one or more devices in a core network. The network controller 130 may communicate with the base station 110 via the communication unit 294.

[0056] One or more antennas (e.g., antennas 234a to 234t and / or antennas 252a to 252r) may include or be included within one or more antenna panels, one or more antenna groups, one or more sets of antenna elements, and / or one or more antenna arrays, etc. Antenna panels, antenna groups, sets of antenna elements, and / or antenna arrays may include one or more antenna elements (within a single housing or multiple housings), sets of coplanar antenna elements, sets of non-coplanar antenna elements, and / or coupled to one or more transmit and / or receive components (such as, Figure 2 One or more antenna elements of one or more components in.

[0057] On the uplink, at the UE 120, the transmit processor 264 may receive and process data from the data source 262 and control information from the controller / processor 280 (e.g., for reports including RSRP, RSSI, RSRQ, and / or CQI). The transmit processor 264 may generate reference symbols for one or more reference signals. The symbols from the transmit processor 264 may be pre-decoded by the TX MIMO processor 266, where applicable, further processed by the modem 254 (e.g., for DFT-s-OFDM or CP-OFDM), and transmitted to the base station 110. In some examples, the modem 254 of the UE 120 may include a modulator and a demodulator. In some examples, the UE 120 includes a transceiver. The transceiver may include any combination of an antenna 252, a modem 254, a MIMO detector 256, a receive processor 258, a transmit processor 264, and / or a TX MIMO processor 266. The transceiver may be used by a processor (eg, controller / processor 280) and memory 282 to perform the operations described herein (eg, with reference to FIGS. 6 to 7). Fig.10 ) or any aspect of any of the methods described herein.

[0058] At the base station 110, uplink signals from the UE 120 and / or other UEs may be received by the antenna 234, processed by the modem 232 (e.g., a demodulator component of the modem 232 shown as DEMOD), detected by the MIMO detector 236 where applicable, and further processed by the receive processor 238 to obtain decoded data and control information transmitted by the UE 120. The receive processor 238 may provide the decoded data to the data sink 239 and the decoded control information to the controller / processor 240. The base station 110 may include a communication unit 244 and may communicate with the network controller 130 via the communication unit 244. The base station 110 may include a scheduler 246 to schedule one or more UEs 120 for downlink and / or uplink communications. In some examples, the modem 232 of the base station 110 may include a modulator and a demodulator. In some examples, the base station 110 includes a transceiver. The transceiver may include any combination of antenna 234, modem 232, MIMO detector 236, receive processor 238, transmit processor 220, and / or TX MIMO processor 230. The transceiver may be used by a processor (e.g., controller / processor 240) and memory 242 to perform the functions described herein (e.g., with reference to FIGS. 6 to 7). Fig.10 ) or any aspect of any of the methods described herein.

[0059] The controller / processor 240 of the base station 110, the controller / processor 280 of the UE 120, and / or Figure 2 Any other component of may perform one or more techniques associated with artificial noise injection in conjunction with channel state information reporting, as described in more detail elsewhere herein. For example, controller / processor 240 of base station 110, controller / processor 280 of UE 120, and / or Figure 2 Any other component of the can perform or direct e.g. Figure 7 The process of 700 Figure 8 800 and / or operations of other processes as described herein. Memory 242 and memory 282 may store data and program codes for base station 110 and UE 120, respectively. In some examples, memory 242 and / or memory 282 may include a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing one or more instructions (e.g., code and / or program code) for wireless communication. For example, one or more instructions, when executed by one or more processors of base station 110 and / or UE 120 (e.g., directly, or after compilation, conversion, and / or interpretation), may cause one or more processors, UE 120, and / or base station 110 to perform or direct, for example Figure 7 The process of 700 Figure 8 The process 800 and / or operations of other processes as described herein. In some examples, executing instructions may include running instructions, converting instructions, compiling instructions, and / or interpreting instructions, etc.

[0060] In some aspects, the UE 120 includes: a means for receiving an unprecoded reference signal; a means for reporting beam information associated with an AN based on the unprecoded reference signal; and / or a means for receiving one or more data signals protected by one or more precoded AN signals, wherein the one or more precoded AN signals are based on beam information. The means for the UE 120 to perform the operations described herein may include, for example, one or more of the following: a communication manager 140, an antenna 252, a modem 254, a MIMO detector 256, a receive processor 258, a transmit processor 264, a TX MIMO processor 266, a controller / processor 280, or a memory 282.

[0061] In some aspects, the base station 110 includes: means for sending an unprecoded reference signal; means for receiving a report of beam information associated with an AN based on sending the unprecoded reference signal; and / or means for sending one or more data signals protected by one or more precoded AN signals, wherein the one or more precoded AN signals are based on beam information. Means for the base station 110 to perform operations described herein may include, for example, one or more of the communication manager 150, the transmit processor 220, the TX MIMO processor 230, the modem 232, the antenna 234, the MIMO detector 236, the receive processor 238, the controller / processor 240, the memory 242, or the scheduler 246.

[0062] Although Figure 2 The blocks in the 2000 and 2010 are illustrated as distinct components, but the functionality described above for these blocks may be implemented in a single hardware, software, or combined component or in various combinations of components. For example, the functionality described for the transmit processor 264, the receive processor 258, and / or the TX MIMO processor 266 may be performed by or under the control of the controller / processor 280.

[0063] As indicated above, Figure 2 Other examples can be found in the Figure 2 The examples described are different.

[0064] The deployment of a communication system (such as a 5G NR system) can be arranged with various components or constituent parts in a variety of ways. In a 5G NR system or network, a network node, a network entity, a mobility element of a network, a RAN node, a core network node, a network element or a network equipment (such as a base station (BS, e.g., base station 110) or one or more units (or one or more components) performing base station functionality can be implemented in an aggregated or decomposed architecture. For example, a BS (such as a Node B (NB), an eNB, an NR BS, a 5G NB, an access node (AP), a TRP, a cell, etc.) can be implemented as an aggregated base station (also called an independent BS or a monolithic BS) or a decomposed base station.

[0065] A converged base station may be configured to utilize a radio protocol stack physically or logically integrated within a single RAN node. A decomposed base station may be configured to utilize a protocol stack physically or logically distributed between two or more units, such as one or more central or centralized units (CUs), one or more distributed units (DUs), or one or more radio units (RUs). In some aspects, a CU may be implemented within a RAN node, and one or more DUs may be co-located with the CU, or alternatively, may be geographically or virtually distributed in one or more other RAN nodes. A DU may be implemented to communicate with one or more RUs. Each of a CU, a DU, and a RU may also be implemented as a virtual unit, i.e., a virtual centralized unit (VCU), a virtual distributed unit (VDU), or a virtual radio unit (VRU).

[0066] Base station type operations or network designs may take into account the aggregated nature of base station functionality. For example, a disaggregated base station may be used in an integrated access backhaul (IAB) network, an O-RAN (such as a network configuration sponsored by the O-RAN Alliance), or a virtualized radio access network (vRAN, also known as a cloud radio access network (C-RAN)). Decomposition may include distributing functionality across two or more units at various physical locations, as well as virtually distributing functionality of at least one unit, which may enable flexibility in network design. Individual units of a disaggregated base station or disaggregated RAN architecture may be configured for wired or wireless communication with at least one other unit.

[0067] Figure 3 is a diagram illustrating an example 300 of a user plane protocol stack and a control plane protocol stack of a base station 110 and a core network for communicating with a UE 120 according to the present disclosure.

[0068] On the user plane, the UE 120 and the base station 110 may include a corresponding physical (PHY) layer, a medium access control (MAC) layer, a radio link control (RLC) layer, a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer, and a service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) layer. The user plane function may handle the transmission of user data between the UE 120 and the base station 110. On the control plane, the UE 120 and the base station 110 may include a corresponding radio resource control (RRC) layer. In addition, the UE 120 may include a non-access stratum (NAS) layer that communicates with an access and management mobility function (AMF). The AMF may be associated with a core network associated with the base station 110, such as a 5G core network (5GC) or a next generation radio access network (NG-RAN). The control plane function may handle the transmission of control information between the UE and the core network. Generally, if a first layer is farther away from the PHY layer than the second layer, the first layer is referred to as being higher than the second layer. For example, the PHY layer may be referred to as the lowest layer, and the SDAP / PDCP / RLC / MAC layer may be referred to as being higher than the PHY layer and lower than the RRC layer. In Figure 3 The application (APP) layer not shown in the figure may be higher than the SDAP / PDCP / RLC / MAC layer. In some cases, an entity may handle the services and functions of a given layer (e.g., a PDCP entity may handle the services and functions of the PDCP layer), although the description herein mentions that the layer itself handles these services and functions.

[0069] The RRC layer may handle communications related to configuring and operating the UE 120, such as: broadcasting of system information related to the access stratum (AS) and NAS; paging initiated by the 5GC or NG-RAN; establishment, maintenance, and release of an RRC connection between the UE and the NG-RAN, including the addition, modification, and release of carrier aggregation, and the addition, modification, and release of dual connectivity; security functions, including key management; establishment, configuration, maintenance, and release of signaling radio bearers (SRBs) and data radio bearers (DRBs); mobility functions (e.g., handover and context transfer, UE cell selection and reselection and control of cell selection and reselection, inter-RAT mobility); quality of service (QoS) management functions; UE measurement reporting and control of reporting; detection of and recovery from radio link failures; and NAS messaging between the NAS layer and lower layers of the UE 120. The RRC layer is often referred to as Layer 3 (L3). In some wireless systems, information is encrypted at L3, and information generated below L3 is not encrypted.

[0070] The SDAP layer, the PDCP layer, the RLC layer, and the MAC layer may be collectively referred to as Layer 2 (L2). Therefore, in some cases, the SDAP, PDCP, RLC, and MAC layers are referred to as sublayers of Layer 2. On the transmitting side (e.g., if the UE 120 is sending uplink communications or the base station 110 is sending downlink communications), the SDAP layer may receive a data stream in the form of a QoS flow. The QoS flow is associated with a QoS identifier and a QoS flow identifier (QFI), which identifies the QoS parameters associated with the QoS flow, and the QoS flow identifier (QFI) identifies the QoS flow. Policy and charging parameters are implemented based on the QoS flow granularity. The QoS flow may include one or more service data flows (SDFs), as long as each SDF of the QoS flow is associated with the same policy and charging parameters. In some aspects, the RRC / NAS layer may generate control information to be sent, and may map the control information to one or more radio bearers to provide to the PDCP layer.

[0071] The SDAP layer or the RRC / NAS layer may map the QoS flow or control information to the radio bearer. Therefore, it can be said that the SDAP layer handles the QoS flow on the sending side. The SDAP layer may provide the QoS flow to the PDCP layer via the corresponding radio bearer. The PDCP layer may map the radio bearer to the RLC channel. The PDCP layer may handle various services and functions on the user plane, including sequence numbering, header compression and decompression (if robust header compression is enabled), delivery, reordering and duplication detection of user data (if in-order delivery to the layer above the PDCP layer is required), PDCP protocol data unit (PDU) routing (in the case of split bearers), retransmission, encryption and decryption of PDCP service data units (SDUs), PDCP SDU discard (e.g., according to a timer, as described elsewhere in this document), PDCP re-establishment and data recovery for RLC acknowledgement mode (AM), and duplication of PDCP PDUs. The PDCP layer may handle similar services and functions on the control plane, including sequence numbering, encryption, decryption, integrity protection, delivery of control plane data, duplication detection, and duplication of PDCP PDUs.

[0072] The PDCP layer may provide data in the form of PDCP PDUs to the RLC layer via an RLC channel. The RLC layer may handle delivery of upper layer PDUs to the MAC and / or PHY layers, sequence numbering independent of the PDCP sequence numbering, error correction via automatic repeat request (ARQ), segmentation and re-segmentation, reassembly of SDUs, RLC SDU discard, and RLC reestablishment.

[0073] The RLC layer can provide the MAC layer with data mapped to logical channels. The services and functions of the MAC layer include mapping between logical channels and transport channels (used by the PHY layer as described below), multiplexing MAC SDUs belonging to one or different logical channels into a transport block (TB) delivered to / from the physical layer on the transport channel, scheduling information reporting, error correction by hybrid ARQ (HARQ), priority handling between UEs with dynamic scheduling, priority handling between logical channels of a UE with logical channel prioritization, and padding.

[0074] The MAC layer can encapsulate data from logical channels into TBs and provide the TBs to the PHY layer on one or more transport channels. The PHY layer can handle various operations related to the transmission of data signals, such as combining Figure 2 The PHY layer is often referred to as Layer 1 (L1). To encrypt information at L1, UE 120 or base station 110 may use a secret key generated based on a key provided to the PHY layer from an upper layer and / or based on one or more PHY layer parameters. The use of one or more PHY layer parameters may provide some randomness between the transmitter and the receiver. Alternatively, another source of randomness may be used in conjunction with the information being transmitted. The use of randomness may reduce the effectiveness of attempts to intercept communications by interception (e.g., eavesdropping) or malicious communication devices.

[0075] On the receiving side (e.g., if the UE 120 is receiving downlink communications or the base station 110 is receiving uplink communications), operations may be similar to those described for the transmitting side, but in reverse. For example, the PHY layer may receive TBs and may provide TBs to the MAC layer on one or more transport channels. The MAC layer may map transport channels to logical channels and may provide data to the RLC layer via the logical channels. The RLC layer may map logical channels to RLC channels and may provide data to the PDCP layer via the RLC channels. The PDCP layer may map RLC channels to radio bearers and may provide data to the SDAP layer or the RRC / NAS layer via the radio bearers.

[0076] Data may be passed between layers in the form of PDUs and SDUs. An SDU is a unit of data that has been passed from a layer or sublayer to a lower layer. For example, a PDCP layer may receive a PDCP SDU. A given layer may then encapsulate the data unit into a PDU and may pass the PDU to a lower layer. For example, a PDCP layer may encapsulate a PDCP SDU into a PDCP PDU and may pass the PDCP PDU to an RLC layer. An RLC layer may receive a PDCP PDU as an RLC SDU, may encapsulate the RLC SDU into an RLC PDU, and so on. In effect, a PDU carries an SDU as a payload.

[0077] As indicated above, Figure 3 Other examples can be found in the Figure 3 The examples described are different.

[0078] Figure 4 4 is a diagram illustrating an example 400 of physical channels and reference signals in a wireless network according to the present disclosure. Figure 4 As shown, the downlink channel and the downlink reference signal may carry information from base station 110 to UE 120 , and the uplink channel and the uplink reference signal may carry information from UE 120 to base station 110 .

[0079] As shown in the figure, the downlink channel may include a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) carrying downlink control information (DCI), a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) carrying downlink data, or a physical broadcast channel (PBCH) carrying system information, etc. PDSCH communication may be scheduled by PDCCH communication. As further shown in the figure, the uplink channel may include a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) carrying uplink control information (UCI), a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) carrying uplink data, or a physical random access channel (PRACH) for initial network access, etc. UE 120 may send confirmation (ACK) or negative confirmation (NACK) feedback (e.g., ACK / NACK feedback or ACK / NACK information) in the UCI on PUCCH and / or PUSCH.

[0080] As further shown, the downlink reference signal may include a synchronization signal block (SSB), a channel state information (CSI) reference signal (CSI-RS), a DMRS, a positioning reference signal (PRS), or a phase tracking reference signal (PTRS), etc. As also shown in the figure, the uplink reference signal may include a sounding reference signal (SRS), a DMRS, or a PTRS, etc.

[0081] The SSB may carry information used for initial network acquisition and synchronization, such as PSS, SSS, PBCH, and PBCH DMRS. The SSB is sometimes referred to as a synchronization signal / PBCH (SS / PBCH) block. In some aspects, the base station 110 may send multiple SSBs on multiple corresponding beams, and the SSBs may be used for beam selection.

[0082] The CSI-RS may carry information for downlink channel estimation (e.g., downlink CSI acquisition), which may be used for scheduling, link adaptation, artificial noise injection, or beam management, etc. The base station 110 may configure a CSI-RS set for the UE 120, and the UE 120 may measure the configured CSI-RS set. Based on the measurement, the UE 120 may perform channel estimation and may report channel estimation parameters such as CQI, precoding matrix indicator (PMI), CSI-RS resource indicator (CRI), layer indicator (LI), rank indicator (RI), or RSRP, etc., to the base station 110 (e.g., in a CSI report). The base station 110 may use the CSI report to select transmission parameters for downlink communication to the UE 120, such as the number of transmission layers (e.g., rank), precoding matrix (e.g., precoder), MCS, or refined downlink beams (e.g., using a beam refinement procedure or a beam management procedure), as well as other examples. Base station 110 may perform artificial noise injection in the pre-coding stage of channel processing based on the reports received from UE 120 .

[0083] DMRS can carry information used to estimate the radio channel to demodulate the associated physical channel (e.g., PDCCH, PDSCH, PBCH, PUCCH, or PUSCH). The design and mapping of DMRS can be specific to the physical channel that the DMRS is used to estimate. DMRS is UE-specific, can be beamformed, can be restricted to scheduled resources (e.g., instead of being sent over a wideband), and can be sent only when necessary. As shown, DMRS is used for both downlink and uplink communications.

[0084] PTRS can carry information for compensating for oscillator phase noise. Typically, phase noise increases with the increase of the oscillator carrier frequency. Therefore, PTRS can be used at high carrier frequencies (such as millimeter wave frequencies) to mitigate phase noise. PTRS can be used to track the phase of the local oscillator and to achieve suppression of phase noise and common phase error (CPE). As shown, PTRS is used for both downlink communications (e.g., on PDSCH) and uplink communications (e.g., on PUSCH).

[0085] The PRS may carry information for implementing timing or ranging measurements of the UE 120 based on signals sent by the base station 110 to improve observed time difference of arrival (OTDOA) positioning performance. For example, the PRS may be a pseudo-random quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) sequence mapped in a diagonal pattern with a frequency offset and a time offset to avoid conflicts with cell-specific reference signals and control channels (e.g., PDCCH). In general, the PRS may be designed to improve the detectability of the UE 120, which may require detecting downlink signals from multiple neighboring base stations in order to perform OTDOA-based positioning. Therefore, the UE 120 may receive the PRS from multiple cells (e.g., a reference cell and one or more neighboring cells), and may report a reference signal time difference (RSTD) based on OTDOA measurements associated with the PRS received from the multiple cells. In some aspects, the base station 110 may then calculate the position of the UE 120 based on the RSTD measurements reported by the UE 120.

[0086] The SRS may carry information for uplink channel estimation, which may be used for scheduling, link adaptation, pre-decoder selection, or beam management, etc. The base station 110 may configure one or more SRS resource sets for the UE 120, and the UE 120 may send the SRS on the configured SRS resource sets. The SRS resource sets may have configured usages, such as uplink CSI acquisition, downlink CSI acquisition for reciprocity-based operation, uplink beam management, etc. The base station 110 may measure the SRS, may perform channel estimation based on the measurements, and may use the SRS measurements to configure communications with the UE 120.

[0087] As indicated above, Figure 4 Other examples can be found in the Figure 4 The examples described are different.

[0088] Figure 5 is a diagram illustrating an example 500 of side link communications and access link communications in the presence of an intercepting communications device in accordance with the present disclosure.

[0089] like Figure 5 As shown, a transmitter (Tx) / receiver (Rx) UE 505 and an Rx / Tx UE 510 may communicate with each other via a side link. As further shown, in some side link modes, the network entity 502 may communicate with the Tx / Rx UE 505 via a first access link. Additionally or alternatively, in some side link modes, the network entity 502 may communicate with the Rx / Tx UE 510 via a second access link. The Tx / Rx UE 505 and / or the Rx / Tx UE 510 may correspond to one or more UEs described elsewhere herein, such as Figure 1120. Thus, a direct link between UEs 120 (e.g., via a PC5 interface) may be referred to as a side link, and a direct link between a network entity 502 and a UE 120 (e.g., via a Uu interface) may be referred to as an access link. Side link communications may be sent via a side link, and access link communications may be sent via an access link. Access link communications may be downlink communications (from the network entity 502 to the UE 120) or uplink communications (from the UE 120 to the network entity 502).

[0090] like Figure 5 As further shown, the intercepting wireless communication device 515 may be within the communication path between the Tx / Rx UE 505 and the Rx / Tx UE 510 or the network entity 502. In other words, the intercepting wireless communication device 515 may eavesdrop on the communication between the Tx / Rx UE 505 and the Rx / Tx UE 510 or between the Tx / Rx UE 505 and the network entity 502. Although some aspects are described herein in terms of security processing for a physical uplink channel, aspects described herein may be applicable to security processing for other types of channels or for sidelink channels, among others.

[0091] As indicated above, Figure 5 Other examples can be found in the Figure 5 The examples described are different.

[0092] As described above, when a UE communicates with, for example, a network entity, an intercepting wireless communication device (e.g., another UE) may attempt to intercept and decode the communication between the network entity and the UE. At an upper layer, such as at an application layer, a security scheme may be implemented to protect data associated with the upper layer (e.g., data associated with the application layer and above). However, security information that should not be intercepted by an intercepting wireless communication device may also be generated at a lower layer, such as a physical layer. The network entity may implement a physical layer security scheme to protect data at the physical layer by using channel characteristics. For example, a network entity or UE may use physical layer security to protect control information (e.g., DCI, UCI, or sidelink control information (SCI)) or a data channel (e.g., PDSCH, PUSCH, or physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH)), etc.

[0093] The network entity may use artificial noise injection techniques as at least part of a physical layer security scheme. In the artificial noise injection technique, the network entity may inject artificial noise in the null space associated with the Tx / Rx channel pair. The artificial noise injection technique may include estimating the channel (e.g., using SRS at the network entity), calculating the null space matrix, and pre-coding the artificial noise stream or layer using the columns of the null space matrix, thereby affecting the signal to interference plus noise ratio at the intercepting wireless communication device, which may prevent the interception of physical layer data. However, based on the artificial noise injection pre-coding occurring in the null space of the communication, the UE may receive the communication without damage.

[0094] Another technique that can be used to achieve channel randomness is to use a secret key. For example, in type A secret key extraction, the network entity and the UE may send respective reference signals to enable estimation of respective channels (e.g., downlink channels and uplink channels). The network entity and the UE may use metrics associated with respective channels (e.g., channel power, reference signal received power, signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) value, or phase value) as inputs to a key derivation function (for additional details on the key derivation function, see, e.g., 3GPP Technical Specification (TS) 33.220 Version 11.4.0 Release 11 Appendix B.2.2). Using the key derivation function, the network entity and the UE may derive corresponding keys for encrypting transmissions and / or fields within a PHY channel. In some cases, the UE or the network entity may add some repetitions of the pilot signal or a key refinement process to further protect transmissions and / or fields within the PHY channel.

[0095] However, the network entity and the UE may lack signaling for conveying information to be used in artificial noise injection and / or secret key extraction associated therewith. Some aspects described herein enable the use of CSI reports to implement artificial noise injection and / or secret key extraction associated therewith. For example, in addition to other CSI reports (e.g., of a wide beam or PMI), the UE may also provide information identifying a beam set associated with artificial noise injection precoding. In this case, the beam set may be one or more beams identified as having the worst channel metric (such as the worst layer 1 RSRP (L1-RSRP)). The UE may report information identifying the beam set, the PMI corresponding to the beam set, the RSRP of the beam set, the CQI of the beam set, or the RI of the beam set, etc. In this case, the network entity may perform artificial noise injection precoding using the additional information of the CSI report, and send one or more signals with artificial noise precoding to the UE. Based on enabling artificial noise precoding, the UE and the network entity improve the information security of the one or more signals.

[0096] Fig. 6A and Figure 6B6 is a diagram illustrating an example 600 / 600' associated with artificial noise injection in conjunction with channel state information reporting according to the present disclosure. Fig. 6A and Figure 6B As shown, example 600 / 600' includes communication between a first network node 602 (e.g., which may correspond to UE 120 or another wireless communication device described herein) and a second network node 604 (e.g., which may correspond to base station 110 or another wireless communication device described herein). In some aspects, second network node 604 and first network node 602 may be included in a wireless network (such as wireless network 100). Second network node 604 and first network node 602 may communicate via a wireless access link, which may include an uplink and a downlink.

[0097] like Fig. 6A As further shown, and by reference numerals 610-1 and 610-2, the first network node 602 may receive a reference signal and send a report of beam information to the second network node 604. For example, the first network node 602 may measure unprecoded CSI-RS on a beam set and report beam information of the beam set to the second network node 604. In some aspects, the first network node 602 may receive CSI-RS on a CSI-RS resource configured for artificial noise (AN) precoding. For example, the second network node 604 may configure one or more CSI-RS resources (e.g., periodic resources, aperiodic resources, or semi-persistent resources) for artificial noise precoding. In some aspects, the second network node 604 may precode configuration information for CSI-RS resources using artificial noise (e.g., injected based on a previously received beam information report). In other words, one example of information that the second network node 604 may protect using artificial noise precoding associated with a CSI-RS report of beam information is configuration information for configuring a next CSI-RS report of beam information.

[0098] In some aspects, the first network node 602 may include beam information related to artificial noise precoding in a CSI-RS report to the second network node 604. For example, the first network node 602 may determine the L1-RSRP of a set of available beams, identify one or more worst beams (e.g., one or more beams with the lowest L1-RSRP) from the set of available beams, and send information identifying the one or more worst beams. In this case, the information identifying the one or more worst beams may include information identifying one or more L1-RSRPs, one or more PMIs, one or more CQIs, or one or more RIs (e.g., which the second network node 604 may use to determine the rank of artificial noise to be injected), etc.

[0099] In some aspects, the first network node 602 may report a resource index (e.g., CRI) for a beam. For example, when the CSI-RS is a precoded CSI-RS with multiple resources, the first network node 602 may report one or more CRIs for one or more beams with the worst channel quality (e.g., the worst SINR) at the first network node 602. In this case, the second network node 604 may use the received one or more CRIs (and / or SRS) to determine precoding or beamforming of an artificial noise signal or stream, which may enable interference or hinder interception of an intercepting wireless communication device. In some aspects, the amount of beams for which the first network node 602 reports the CRI may be based on received signaling. For example, the first network node 602 may receive RRC signaling, MAC control element (MAC-CE) signaling, or reporting configuration signaling that indicates the amount of beams for which the first network node 602 will report the CRI.

[0100] In some aspects, the first network node 602 may report information related to one or more analog beams. For example, the first network node 602 may measure a set of analog beams associated with a set of SSBs, and may report information identifying one or more worst beams in the set of analog beams in the beam information. In this way, the first network node 602 may implement analog beamforming performed by the second network node 604, as described herein. In some aspects, the second network node 604 may trigger joint analog and digital beam precoding based on an indication of starting a security session for finding a beam for artificial noise injection. For example, the second network node 604 may send RRC signaling, MAC CE signaling, or DCI indicating that the first network node 602 is to report one or more worst analog beams.

[0101] like Fig. 6A As further shown, and by reference numerals 620 and 630, the second network node 604 may precode one or more signals using artificial noise injection, and send the precoded signals to the first network node 602. In this case, the second network node 604 may send data signals protected by the precoded artificial noise signals. For example, the second network node 604 may inject artificial noise into the null space in one or more (data) signals for transmission to the first network node 602 to prevent intercepting wireless communication devices from successfully decoding the one or more signals at the physical layer, without interfering with the first network node 602 successfully decoding the one or more signals at the physical layer.

[0102] In some aspects, the second network node 604 may precode or beamform the artificial noise signal or stream. For example, the second network node 604 may use the received CRI or SRS to determine the precoding or beamforming of the artificial noise signal or stream to interfere with or hinder the intercepting wireless communication device. In some aspects, the second network node 604 may determine the amount of layers of injected artificial noise. For example, the second network node 604 may determine the amount of layers based on the received rank indicator identifying the rank of the artificial noise.

[0103] In some aspects, the second network node 604 may perform joint analog and digital beam precoding for artificial noise injection. For example, the second network node 604 may use beam information identifying one or more analog beams to select a beam for transmitting artificial noise injected into one or more signals (null spaces associated with the one or more signals). In this case, the beam used to transmit the artificial noise may be quasi-co-located with the analog beam identified by the beam information (e.g., the worst SSB beam with the worst CSI-RS reported by the first network node 602).

[0104] In some aspects, the second network node 604 may use a shared secret key to enable the first network node 602 to eliminate any residual interference caused by injecting artificial noise into the null space between one or more transmitted signals. For example, the second network node 604 and the first network node 602 may use a symmetric key, a Rivest-Shamir-Adleman (RSA) key, a Diffie-Hellman key exchange key, an elliptic curve cryptography (ECC) key, and the like. In some aspects, the key may be based on the state of the physical layer (e.g., channel reciprocity and randomness). For example, the second network node 604 may generate artificial noise based on a Gaussian random signal or a quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) random signal, wherein the constellation point is selected for each resource element based on a secret key shared by the second network node 604 and the first network node 602.

[0105] In this case, the second network node 604 uses the secret key as a seed or input to a key derivation function to generate a random or pseudo-random signal. In some aspects, the second network node 604 may use the secret key as a seed to enable the generation of a pseudo-random bit sequence that is longer than the secret key itself. In some aspects, a subchannel (e.g., resource element) index may be input to a pseudo-random generator to enable the first network node 602 to distinguish bits on different resource elements. As an example, Fig. 6AAs shown, based on inputting a secret key into a key derivation function (KDF), the second network node 604 may generate a random output of bits from the key derivation function for generating on-off keying (OOK), binary phase shift keying (BPSK), quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK), M-ary QAM (M-QAM), M-ary PSK (M-PSK), pulse position modulation signal (PPM), Bernoulli, exponential or Gaussian output of artificial noise. The second network node 604 generates a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) from input information (e.g., data, control information or DCI), encodes the CRC and the input information, modulates the encoded information (e.g., using on-off keying, QPSK, M-QAM, M-PSK, PPM, Bernoulli, exponential or Gaussian modulation) and maps the modulated information to artificial noise to generate an output signal. In this case, based on the first network node 602 having a corresponding secret key (e.g., as a result of a key exchange process), the first network node 602 may regenerate a signal of the second network node 604 so that the artificial noise can be eliminated before data decoding. In this way, the first network node 602 and the second network node 604 improve the accuracy of data decoding, thereby reducing the likelihood of dropped communications.

[0106] In some aspects, the second network node 604 may pre-decode the artificial noise and the payload data separately. Figure 6B As shown, the second network node 604 may apply separate precoding to the artificial noise and the payload data (e.g., using separate transmit chains or a single transmit chain with separate precoding steps). In some aspects, the precoding may be based on the beams reported by the first network node 602. For example, the second network node 604 may receive a report of the worst beam set from the first network node 602 and select one or more beams in the worst beam set to precode the artificial noise.

[0107] In some aspects, the pre-decoder of the second network node 604 uses the secret key generated artificial noise as input and adds the artificial noise at the QAM symbol level. Alternatively, the second network node 604 may apply pre-coding before adding the artificial noise to the payload of the one or more signals to be transmitted. Alternatively, the second network node 604 may apply pre-coding without using the secret key (e.g., and may pre-code the artificial noise based on the identified worst beam without using the secret key).

[0108] like Fig. 6AAs further shown, and by reference numeral 640, the first network node 602 may decode a signal precoded with artificial noise injection. For example, the first network node 602 may decode the signal based on a decoded beam of the TX-RX pair in addition to the artificial noise injected into the null space between the TX-RX pairs. In some aspects, the first network node 602 may decode the signal using a secret key. For example, the first network node 602 may generate pseudo-random data using a secret key corresponding to a secret key of the second network node 604, and use the generated pseudo-random data to eliminate the pseudo-random data injected by the second network node 604. In some aspects, the second network node 604 may send a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) associated with the precoded artificial noise. The first network node 602 may receive the DMRS and use the DMRS to estimate the precoded channel between the first network node 602 and the second network node 604 to more effectively eliminate or remove the AN. For example, the DMRS may be associated with one or more precoded AN signals. One or more data signals protected by one or more pre-coded AN signals may be decodable based on a DMRS associated with the one or more pre-coded AN signals. For example, the first network node 602 may receive one or more data signals protected by one or more pre-coded AN signals. The first network node 602 may receive a DMRS associated with one or more pre-coded AN signals. In some aspects, the first network node 602 may remove the AN associated with the one or more pre-coded AN signals based on, for example, a secret key associated with an AN sequence of the one or more pre-coded AN signals and / or a DMRS associated with the one or more pre-coded AN signals. In these aspects, the first network node 602 may decode the one or more data signals after removing the AN.

[0109] As indicated above, Fig. 6A and Figure 6B Other examples can be found in the Fig. 6A and Figure 6B The examples described are different.

[0110] Figure 7 is a diagram illustrating an example process 700, performed, for example, by a network node, according to the present disclosure. The example process 700 is an example in which a network node (eg, the first network node 602 or the UE 120) performs operations associated with artificial noise injection in conjunction with channel state information reporting.

[0111] like Figure 7 As shown, in some aspects, process 700 may include receiving an unprecoded reference signal (block 710). For example, a network node (e.g., using Fig. 9The illustrated communication manager 140 and / or receiving component 902) can receive an unprecoded reference signal, as described above.

[0112] like Figure 7 As further shown, in some aspects, process 700 may include reporting beam information associated with the AN based on the unprecoded reference signal (block 720). For example, a network node (e.g., using Fig. 9 The illustrated communication manager 140 and / or reporting component 908) can report beam information associated with the AN based on the unprecoded reference signal, as described above.

[0113] like Figure 7 As further shown, in some aspects, process 700 may include receiving one or more data signals protected by one or more pre-coded AN signals, wherein the one or more pre-coded AN signals are based on beam information (block 730). Fig. 9 The communication manager 140 and / or receiving component 902 as shown can receive one or more data signals protected by one or more pre-coded AN signals, wherein the one or more pre-coded AN signals are based on beam information, as described above.

[0114] Process 700 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination of aspects described below and / or in conjunction with one or more other processes described elsewhere herein.

[0115] In a first aspect, process 700 includes decoding one or more data signals.

[0116] In a second aspect, alone or in combination with the first aspect, the network node is configured to decode one or more data signals without removing an AN associated with one or more pre-coded AN signals.

[0117] In a third aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first and second aspects, process 700 includes removing an AN associated with one or more pre-decoded AN signals using a secret key associated with an AN sequence of the one or more pre-decoded AN signals, and decoding one or more data signals after removing the AN using the secret key.

[0118] In a fourth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to third aspects, one or more pre-decoded AN signals are associated with codebook-based or non-codebook-based pre-decoding, and wherein, in order to report beam information, one or more processors are configured to report information identifying a beam set having a reference signal received power less than a threshold, or at least one of a channel quality indicator.

[0119] In a fifth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fourth aspects, a rank of AN precoding of one or more precoded AN signals is based on a rank indicator associated with the beam information.

[0120] In a sixth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of aspects 1 to 5, one or more data signals are associated with a channel state information reference signal based on multiple resource precodings, and wherein, in order to report beam information, one or more processors are configured to report information identifying one or more resource indices of one or more beams having a signal to interference plus noise ratio less than a threshold.

[0121] In a seventh aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to sixth aspects, AN precoding of the one or more precoded AN signals is based on a sounding reference signal.

[0122] In an eighth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to seventh aspects, the amount of beams reported in the beam information is based on at least one of an RRC configuration, a MAC CE configuration, or a reporting configuration.

[0123] In a ninth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to eighth aspects, beam information is reported in a channel state information reference signal resource allocated for AN precoding, which is precoded together with the AN.

[0124] In a tenth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to ninth aspects, the beam information includes information identifying one or more simulated beams associated with one or more synchronization signal blocks and associated with a channel metric less than a threshold.

[0125] In an eleventh aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to tenth aspects, a channel state information reference signal resource associated with reporting beam information is quasi-co-located with a beam reported in the beam information.

[0126] In the twelfth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to eleventh aspects, process 700 includes receiving a trigger message indicating how to report beam information, and wherein, in order to report the beam information, one or more processors are configured to report the beam information in at least one of an RRC message, a MAC CE, or a DCI based on the trigger message.

[0127] In a thirteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to twelfth aspects, the one or more pre-coded AN signals are associated with an AN generated based on a secret key available to a network node.

[0128] In the fourteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to thirteenth aspects, one or more pre-decoded AN signals are associated with an AN generated based on at least one of a Gaussian signal, an orthogonal amplitude modulation signal, an on-off keying signal, an amplitude shift keying signal, a phase shift keying signal, a pulse position modulation signal, a Bernoulli signal or an exponential signal.

[0129] In a fifteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fourteenth aspects, process 700 includes decoding one or more data signals based on a secret key available to a source of the one or more data signals.

[0130] In a sixteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fifteenth aspects, process 700 includes decoding one or more data signals based on whether there is one AN source or multiple AN sources.

[0131] In a seventeenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to sixteenth aspects, process 700 includes decoding one or more data signals based on a secret key or a reporting beam.

[0132] In the eighteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to seventeenth aspects, process 700 includes removing an AN associated with one or more pre-decoded AN signals based on a secret key associated with an AN sequence of the one or more pre-decoded AN signals and a DMRS associated with the one or more pre-decoded AN signals; and after removing the AN, decoding one or more data signals.

[0133] In a nineteenth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of aspects one to eighteen, process 700 includes decoding one or more data signals based on a secret key of a source capable of being used for the one or more data signals and a DMRS associated with one or more pre-decoded AN signals.

[0134] In a twentieth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to nineteenth aspects, process 700 includes decoding one or more data signals based on a DMRS associated with one or more pre-coded AN signals.

[0135] although Figure 7 An example block diagram of process 700 is shown, but in some aspects, process 700 may include Figure 7 Additional blocks, fewer blocks, different blocks, or blocks arranged in a different manner than those depicted in the process 700. Additionally or alternatively, two or more blocks of the blocks of process 700 may be performed in parallel.

[0136] Figure 8 800 is a diagram illustrating an example process 800 performed, for example, by a network node according to the present disclosure. The example process 800 is an example in which a network node (e.g., base station 110, network entity 502, or second network node 604, etc.) performs operations associated with artificial noise injection in conjunction with channel state information reporting.

[0137] like Figure 8 As further shown, in some aspects, process 800 may include sending a non-precoded reference signal (block 810). For example, a network node (e.g., using Fig.10 The communication manager 150 and / or transmitting component 1004) may transmit an unprecoded reference signal as described above.

[0138] like Figure 8 As further shown, in some aspects, process 800 may include receiving a report of beam information associated with the AN based on sending the unprecoded reference signal (block 820). Fig.10 The illustrated communications manager 150 and / or receiving component 1002) can receive a report of beam information associated with an AN based on sending an unprecoded reference signal, as described above.

[0139] like Figure 8 As further shown, in some aspects, process 800 may include sending one or more data signals protected by one or more pre-coded AN signals, wherein the one or more pre-coded AN signals are based on beam information (block 830). Fig.10 The communication manager 150 and / or transmitting component 1004 as shown may transmit one or more data signals protected by one or more pre-coded AN signals, wherein the one or more pre-coded AN signals are based on beam information, as described above.

[0140] Process 800 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination of aspects described below and / or in conjunction with one or more other processes described elsewhere herein.

[0141] In a first aspect, one or more data signals can be decoded without removing an AN associated with one or more pre-coded AN signals.

[0142] In a second aspect, either alone or in combination with the first aspect, an AN associated with one or more pre-decoded AN signals can be removed using a secret key associated with an AN sequence of one or more pre-decoded AN signals, and wherein one or more data signals can be decoded after the AN is removed using the secret key.

[0143] In a third aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first and second aspects, one or more pre-decoded AN signals are associated with codebook-based or non-codebook-based pre-decoding, and wherein, in order to receive a report of beam information, one or more processors are configured to receive information identifying a beam set having a reference signal received power less than a threshold, or at least one of a channel quality indicator.

[0144] In a fourth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to third aspects, a rank of AN precoding of one or more precoded AN signals is based on a rank indicator associated with the beam information.

[0145] In a fifth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of aspects 1 to 4, one or more data signals are associated with a channel state information reference signal based on multiple resource precodings, and wherein in order to receive a report of beam information, one or more processors are configured to receive information identifying one or more resource indices of one or more beams having a signal to interference plus noise ratio less than a threshold.

[0146] In a sixth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fifth aspects, AN precoding of the one or more precoded AN signals is based on a sounding reference signal.

[0147] In a seventh aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to sixth aspects, the amount of beams reported in the beam information is based on at least one of an RRC configuration, a MAC CE configuration, or a reporting configuration.

[0148] In an eighth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of aspects 1 to 7, a report of beam information is received in a channel state information reference signal resource allocated for AN precoding, which channel state information reference signal resource is precoded together with the AN.

[0149] In a ninth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of aspects 1 to 8, the beam information comprises information identifying one or more simulated beams associated with one or more synchronization signal blocks and associated with a channel metric less than a threshold.

[0150] In a tenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to ninth aspects, a channel state information reference signal resource associated with reporting beam information is quasi-co-located with a beam reported in the beam information.

[0151] In the eleventh aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to tenth aspects, process 800 includes sending a trigger message indicating how to report beam information, and wherein in order to receive a report of the beam information, one or more processors are configured to receive a report of the beam information in at least one of an RRC message, a MAC CE, or a DCI based on the trigger message.

[0152] In a twelfth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to eleventh aspects, the one or more pre-decoded AN signals are associated with an AN generated based on a secret key.

[0153] In the thirteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to twelfth aspects, one or more pre-decoded AN signals are associated with an AN generated based on at least one of a Gaussian signal, an orthogonal amplitude modulation signal, an on-off keying signal, an amplitude shift keying signal, a phase shift keying signal, a pulse position modulation signal, a Bernoulli signal or an exponential signal.

[0154] In a fourteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to thirteenth aspects, process 800 includes pre-coding one or more pre-coded AN signals based on a secret key available to a network node.

[0155] In the fifteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fourteenth aspects, an AN associated with one or more pre-decoded AN signals can be removed based on a secret key associated with an AN sequence of one or more pre-decoded AN signals and a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) associated with one or more pre-decoded AN signals, and one or more data signals can be decoded after the AN is removed using the secret key.

[0156] In a sixteenth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fifteenth aspects, process 800 includes sending a DMRS associated with one or more pre-coded AN signals, and wherein one or more data signals are decodable based on the DMRS.

[0157] although Figure 8 An example block diagram of process 800 is shown, but in some aspects, process 800 may include Figure 8 Additional blocks, fewer blocks, different blocks, or blocks arranged in a different manner than those depicted in the process 800. Additionally or alternatively, two or more blocks of the blocks of process 800 may be performed in parallel.

[0158] Fig. 9900 is a diagram of an example apparatus 900 for wireless communication. Apparatus 900 may be a network node, or a network node may include apparatus 900. In some aspects, apparatus 900 includes a receiving component 902 and a transmitting component 904 that may communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses and / or one or more other components). As shown, apparatus 900 may communicate with another apparatus 906 (such as a network node, UE, base station, network entity, or another wireless communication device) using receiving component 902 and transmitting component 904. As further shown, apparatus 900 may include a communication manager 140. Communication manager 140 may include one or more of a reporting component 908 or a decoding component 910, etc.

[0159] In some aspects, the apparatus 900 may be configured to perform Fig. 6A and Figure 6B Additionally or alternatively, the apparatus 900 may be configured to perform one or more processes described herein, such as Figure 7 In some aspects, the apparatus 900 and / or Fig. 9 One or more of the components shown may include a combination of Figure 2 Additionally or alternatively, Fig. 9 One or more of the components shown may be combined Figure 2 Additionally or alternatively, one or more components in the set of components may be implemented at least in part as software stored in a memory. For example, a component (or a portion of a component) may be implemented as instructions or code stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium and may be executed by a controller or processor to perform the function or operation of the component.

[0160] The receiving component 902 may receive communications from the device 906, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or combinations thereof. The receiving component 902 may provide the received communications to one or more other components of the device 900. In some aspects, the receiving component 902 may perform signal processing (such as filtering, amplification, demodulation, analog-to-digital conversion, demultiplexing, deinterleaving, demapping, equalization, interference cancellation, or decoding, etc.) on the received communications and may provide the processed signals to one or more other components of the device 900. In some aspects, the receiving component 902 may include combining Figure 2 One or more antennas, modems, demodulators, MIMO detectors, receive processors, controllers / processors, memories, or combinations thereof of the described UE.

[0161] Transmit component 904 may transmit communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or combinations thereof, to device 906. In some aspects, one or more other components of device 900 may generate communications and may provide the generated communications to transmit component 904 for transmission to device 906. In some aspects, transmit component 904 may perform signal processing (such as filtering, amplification, modulation, digital-to-analog conversion, multiplexing, interleaving, mapping, or encoding, etc.) on the generated communications and may transmit the processed signals to device 906. In some aspects, transmit component 904 may include combining Figure 2 One or more antennas, modems, modulators, transmit MIMO processors, transmit processors, controllers / processors, memories, or combinations thereof of the described UE. In some aspects, the transmit component 904 can be co-located with the receive component 902 in a transceiver.

[0162] The receiving component 902 may receive an unprecoded reference signal. The reporting component 908 may report beam information associated with the AN based on the unprecoded reference signal. The receiving component 902 may receive one or more data signals protected by one or more precoded AN signals, wherein the one or more precoded AN signals are based on beam information. The decoding component 910 may decode the one or more data signals. The decoding component 910 may remove the AN associated with the one or more precoded AN signals using a secret key associated with an AN sequence of the one or more precoded AN signals, and decode the one or more data signals after removing the AN using the secret key. The receiving component 902 may receive a trigger message indicating how to report beam information (e.g., in at least one of a radio resource control message, a medium access control control element, or a downlink control message). The decoding component 910 may decode one or more signals based on a secret key that can be used for the device 900 and / or the device 906.

[0163] Fig. 9 The number and arrangement of components shown are provided as examples. In practice, there may be Fig. 9 Additional components, fewer components, different components, or components arranged in a different manner than those shown in FIG. Fig. 9 Two or more components shown in may be implemented in a single component, or Fig. 9 The single component shown in can be implemented as multiple distributed components. Additionally or alternatively, Fig. 9 The collection of (one or more) components shown in can perform the operations described by Fig. 9 Another collection of components shown in the figure performs one or more functions.

[0164] Fig.101 is a diagram of an example apparatus 1000 for wireless communication. Apparatus 1000 may be a network node, or a network node may include apparatus 1000. In some aspects, apparatus 1000 includes a receiving component 1002 and a transmitting component 1004 that may communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses and / or one or more other components). As shown, apparatus 1000 may communicate with another apparatus 1006 (such as a network node, UE, base station, network entity, or another wireless communication device) using receiving component 1002 and transmitting component 1004. As further shown, apparatus 1000 may include a communication manager 1050 (e.g., communication manager 150). Communication manager 1050 may include pre-decoding component 1008, etc.

[0165] In some aspects, the apparatus 1000 may be configured to perform Fig. 6A and Figure 6B Additionally or alternatively, the apparatus 1000 may be configured to perform one or more processes described herein, such as Figure 8 In some aspects, the apparatus 1000 and / or Fig.10 One or more of the components shown may include a combination of Figure 2 Additionally or alternatively, Fig.10 One or more of the components shown in the figure may be combined with Figure 2 Additionally or alternatively, one or more components in the set of components may be implemented at least in part as software stored in a memory. For example, a component (or a portion of a component) may be implemented as instructions or code stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium and may be executed by a controller or processor to perform the function or operation of the component.

[0166] The receiving component 1002 may receive communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or combinations thereof, from the apparatus 1006. The receiving component 1002 may provide the received communications to one or more other components of the apparatus 1000. In some aspects, the receiving component 1002 may perform signal processing (such as filtering, amplification, demodulation, analog-to-digital conversion, demultiplexing, deinterleaving, demapping, equalization, interference cancellation, or decoding, etc.) on the received communications and may provide the processed signals to one or more other components of the apparatus 1000. In some aspects, the receiving component 1002 may include combining Figure 2 One or more antennas, modems, demodulators, MIMO detectors, receive processors, controllers / processors, memories, or combinations thereof of a base station are described.

[0167] The transmitting component 1004 may transmit communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or combinations thereof, to the device 1006. In some aspects, one or more other components of the device 1000 may generate communications and may provide the generated communications to the transmitting component 1004 for transmission to the device 1006. In some aspects, the transmitting component 1004 may perform signal processing (such as filtering, amplification, modulation, digital-to-analog conversion, multiplexing, interleaving, mapping, or encoding, etc.) on the generated communications and may transmit the processed signals to the device 1006. In some aspects, the transmitting component 1004 may include combining Figure 2 One or more antennas, modems, modulators, transmit MIMO processors, transmit processors, controllers / processors, memories, or combinations thereof of the described base stations. In some aspects, the transmit component 1004 can be co-located with the receive component 1002 in a transceiver.

[0168] The transmitting component 1004 may transmit an unprecoded reference signal. The receiving component 1002 may receive a report of beam information associated with the AN based on transmitting the unprecoded reference signal. The transmitting component 1004 may transmit one or more data signals protected by one or more precoded AN signals, wherein the one or more precoded AN signals are based on beam information. The transmitting component 1004 may transmit a trigger message to indicate how to report the beam information (e.g., report the beam information in at least one of a radio resource control message, a medium access control control element, or a downlink control message). The precoding component 1008 may precode the one or more precoded AN signals based on a secret key available to the device 1000 and / or the device 1006.

[0169] Fig.10 The number and arrangement of components shown in the figure are provided as examples. In practice, there may be Fig.10 Additional components, fewer components, different components, or components arranged in a different manner than those shown in FIG. Fig.10 Two or more components shown in may be implemented in a single component, or Fig.10 The single component shown in can be implemented as multiple distributed components. Additionally or alternatively, Fig.10 The collection of (one or more) components shown in can perform the operations described by Fig.10 Another collection of components shown in the figure performs one or more functions.

[0170] Fig.11 An example of a disaggregated base station architecture 1100 is shown. Fig.11The decomposed base station architecture 1100 shown in FIG. 1 may include one or more CUs 1110 that may communicate directly with a core network 1120 via a backhaul link, or indirectly with a core network 1120 through one or more decomposed base station units, such as a near real-time (near-RT) RAN intelligent controller (RIC) 1125 via an E2 link, or a non-real-time (non-RT) RIC 1115 associated with a service management and orchestration (SMO) framework 1105, or both. The CU 1110 may communicate with one or more DUs 1130 via corresponding midhaul links, such as an F1 interface. The DU 1130 may communicate with one or more RUs 1140 via corresponding fronthaul links. The RU 1140 may communicate with corresponding UEs 120 via one or more radio frequency (RF) access links. In some implementations, a UE 120 may be served simultaneously by multiple RUs 1140.

[0171] Each of the units (e.g., CU 1110, DU 1130, RU 1140), as well as the near-RT RIC 1125, the non-RTRIC 1115, and the SMO framework 1105 may include one or more interfaces, or be coupled to one or more interfaces configured to receive or send signals, data, or information (collectively referred to as signals) via a wired or wireless transmission medium. Each of these units or an associated processor or controller that provides instructions to the communication interface of these units may be configured to communicate with one or more of the other units via a transmission medium. For example, these units may include a wired interface that is configured to receive or send signals to one or more of the other units via a wired transmission medium. Additionally, the unit may include a wireless interface that may include a receiver, a transmitter, or a transceiver (such as an RF transceiver) that is configured to receive or send signals or both to one or more of the other units on a wireless transmission medium.

[0172] In some aspects, CU 1110 may host one or more higher layer control functions. Such control functions may include radio resource control (RRC), packet data convergence protocol (PDCP), service data adaptation protocol (SDAP), etc. Each control function may be implemented using an interface configured to communicate signals with other control functions hosted by CU 1110. CU1110 may be configured to handle user plane functions (e.g., central unit-user plane (CU-UP)), control plane functions (e.g., central unit-control plane (CU-CP)), or a combination thereof. In some specific implementations, CU 1110 may be logically split into one or more CU-UP units and one or more CU-CP units. When implemented in an O-RAN configuration, the CU-UP unit may communicate bidirectionally with the CU-CP unit via an interface (such as an E1 interface). CU 1110 may be implemented to communicate with DU 1130 as needed for network control and signaling.

[0173] DU 1130 may correspond to a logical unit that includes one or more base station functions for controlling the operation of one or more RUs 1140. In some aspects, DU 1130 may host one or more of a radio link control (RLC) layer, a medium access control (MAC) layer, and one or more high physical (PHY) layers (such as modules for forward error correction (FEC) encoding and decoding, scrambling, modulation and demodulation, etc.) at least in part according to a functional split such as those defined by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). In some aspects, DU 1130 may also host one or more low PHY layers. Each layer (or module) may be implemented using an interface that is configured to communicate signals with other layers (and modules) hosted by DU 1130 or with control functions hosted by CU 1110.

[0174] The lower layer functions may be implemented by one or more RUs 1140. In some deployments, the RU 1140 controlled by the DU 1130 may correspond to a logical node that hosts RF processing functions or low PHY layer functions (such as performing fast Fourier transform (FFT), inverse FFT (iFFT), digital beamforming, physical random access channel (PRACH) extraction and filtering, etc.) or both based on functional splitting such as lower layer functional splitting. In such an architecture, the RU 1140 may be implemented to handle over-the-air (OTA) communications with one or more UEs 120. In some specific implementations, the real-time and non-real-time aspects of the control plane and user plane communications with the RU 1140 may be controlled by the corresponding DU 1130. In some scenarios, this configuration may enable the DU 1130 and the CU 1110 to be implemented in a cloud-based RAN architecture such as a vRAN architecture.

[0175] The SMO framework 1105 may be configured to support RAN deployment and configuration of non-virtualized network elements and virtualized network elements. For non-virtualized network elements, the SMO framework 1105 may be configured to support the deployment of dedicated physical resources for RAN coverage requirements, which may be managed via an operation and maintenance interface (such as an O1 interface). For virtualized network elements, the SMO framework 1105 may be configured to interact with a cloud computing platform (such as an open cloud (O-Cloud) 1190) to perform network element lifecycle management (such as an example virtualized network element) via a cloud computing platform interface (such as an O2 interface). Such virtualized network elements may include, but are not limited to, CU 1110, DU 1130, RU 1140, and near-RT RIC 1125. In some specific implementations, the SMO framework 1105 may communicate with hardware aspects of the 4G RAN, such as an open eNB (O-eNB) 1111, via the O1 interface. Additionally, in some implementations, the SMO framework 1105 can communicate directly with one or more RUs 1140 via the O1 interface. The SMO framework 1105 can also include a non-RT RIC 1115 configured to support the functionality of the SMO framework 1105.

[0176] The non-RT RIC 1115 may be configured to include logic functions that implement non-real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources, artificial intelligence / machine learning (AI / ML) workflows including model training and updating, or policy-based guidance of applications / features in the near-RT RIC 1125. The non-RT RIC 1115 may be coupled to or in communication with the near-RT RIC 1125 (such as via an A1 interface). The near-RT RIC 1125 may be configured to include logic functions that implement near-real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources via data collection and actions through an interface (such as via an E2 interface) that connects one or more CUs 1110, one or more DUs 1130, or both, and the O-eNB with the near-RT RIC 1125.

[0177] In some implementations, in order to generate an AI / ML model to be deployed in the near-RT RIC 1125, the non-RT RIC 1115 may receive parameters or external enrichment information from an external server. Such information may be utilized by the near-RT RIC 1125 and may be received from a non-network data source or from a network function at the SMO framework 1105 or the non-RT RIC 1115. In some examples, the non-RT RIC 1115 or the near-RT RIC 1125 may be configured to tune RAN behavior or performance. For example, the non-RT RIC 1115 may monitor long-term trends and patterns in performance and employ AI / ML models to perform corrective actions through the SMO framework 1105 (such as via reconfiguration of O1) or via creation of RAN management policies (such as A1 policies).

[0178] As indicated above, Fig.11 Other examples can be found in the Fig.11 The examples described are different.

[0179] The following provides an overview of some aspects of the disclosure:

[0180] Aspect 1: A method of wireless communication performed by a network node, the method comprising: receiving an unprecoded reference signal; reporting beam information associated with artificial noise (AN) based on the unprecoded reference signal; and receiving one or more data signals protected by one or more precoded AN signals, wherein the one or more precoded AN signals are based on the beam information.

[0181] Aspect 2: The method according to aspect 1, further comprising: decoding the one or more data signals.

[0182] Aspect 3: The method according to aspect 1, wherein the method further comprises: decoding the one or more data signals without removing the AN associated with the one or more pre-decoded AN signals.

[0183] Aspect 4: According to the method described in Aspect 1, the method also includes: using a secret key associated with the AN sequence of the one or more pre-decoded AN signals to remove the AN associated with the one or more pre-decoded AN signals; and after removing the AN using the secret key, decoding the one or more data signals.

[0184] Aspect 5: A method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 4, wherein the one or more pre-decoded AN signals are associated with codebook-based or non-codebook-based pre-decoding; and wherein reporting the beam information includes: reporting at least one of the following items: information identifying a beam set having a reference signal received power less than a threshold, or a channel quality indicator.

[0185] Aspect 6: The method according to aspect 5, wherein the rank of AN precoding of the one or more precoded AN signals is based on a rank indicator associated with the beam information.

[0186] Aspect 7: A method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 6, wherein the one or more data signals are associated with a channel state information reference signal based on multiple resource precodings, and wherein reporting the beam information includes: reporting information of one or more resource indices identifying one or more beams having a signal to interference plus noise ratio less than a threshold.

[0187] Aspect 8: The method according to any one of aspects 1 to 7, wherein AN precoding of the one or more precoded AN signals is based on a sounding reference signal.

[0188] Aspect 9: A method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 8, wherein the amount of beams reported in the beam information is based on at least one of the following items: radio resource control configuration, medium access control (MAC) control element configuration or reporting configuration.

[0189] Aspect 10: A method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 9, wherein the beam information is reported in a channel state information reference signal resource allocated for AN precoding, and the channel state information reference signal resource is precoded together with the AN.

[0190] Aspect 11: A method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 10, wherein the beam information includes information identifying one or more simulated beams associated with one or more synchronization signal blocks and associated with a channel metric less than a threshold.

[0191] Aspect 12: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 11, wherein a channel state information reference signal resource associated with reporting the beam information is quasi-co-located with the beam reported in the beam information.

[0192] Aspect 13: According to the method described in any one of Aspects 1 to 12, the method further includes: receiving a trigger message indicating how to report the beam information; and wherein reporting the beam information includes: based on the trigger message, reporting the beam information in at least one of a radio resource control message, a medium access control control element, or downlink control information.

[0193] Aspect 14: The method according to any one of aspects 1 to 13, wherein the one or more pre-coded AN signals are associated with an AN generated based on a secret key available to the network node.

[0194] Aspect 15: A method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 14, wherein the one or more pre-decoded AN signals are associated with an AN generated based on at least one of the following items: a Gaussian signal, an orthogonal amplitude modulation signal, an on-off keying signal, an amplitude shift keying signal, a phase shift keying signal, a pulse position modulation signal, a Bernoulli signal, or an exponential signal.

[0195] Aspect 16: The method according to any one of aspects 1 to 15, further comprising: decoding the one or more data signals based on a secret key available for a source of the one or more data signals.

[0196] Aspect 17: According to any one of aspects 1 to 16, the method further comprises: decoding the one or more data signals based on whether there is one AN source or multiple AN sources.

[0197] Aspect 18: The method according to any one of aspects 1 to 17, the method further comprising: decoding the one or more data signals based on at least one of a secret key or the reported beam.

[0198] Aspect 19: According to the method described in any one of Aspects 1 to 18, the method further includes removing the AN associated with the one or more pre-decoded AN signals based on a secret key associated with the AN sequence of the one or more pre-decoded AN signals and a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) associated with the one or more pre-decoded AN signals; and after removing the AN, decoding the one or more data signals.

[0199] Aspect 20: According to the method described in any one of Aspects 1 to 19, the method also includes decoding the one or more data signals based on a secret key of a source that can be used for the one or more data signals and a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) associated with the one or more pre-decoded AN signals.

[0200] Aspect 21: According to any one of aspects 1 to 20, the method also includes decoding the one or more data signals based on a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) associated with the one or more pre-decoded AN signals.

[0201] Aspect 22: A method of wireless communication performed by a network node, the method comprising: sending an unprecoded reference signal; receiving a report of beam information associated with artificial noise (AN) based on sending the unprecoded reference signal; and sending one or more data signals protected by one or more precoded AN signals, wherein the one or more precoded AN signals are based on the beam information.

[0202] Aspect 23: The method according to aspect 22, wherein the one or more data signals are decodable without removing the AN associated with the one or more pre-coded AN signals.

[0203] Aspect 24: A method according to Aspect 22, wherein the AN associated with the one or more pre-decoded AN signals can be removed using a secret key associated with an AN sequence of the one or more pre-decoded AN signals, and wherein the one or more data signals can be decoded after the AN is removed using the secret key.

[0204] Aspect 25: A method according to Aspect 22, wherein the one or more pre-decoded AN signals are associated with codebook-based or non-codebook-based pre-decoding; and wherein receiving the report of the beam information includes: receiving at least one of the following items: information identifying a beam set having a reference signal received power less than a threshold, or a channel quality indicator.

[0205] Aspect 26: The method according to aspect 25, wherein the rank of the AN precoding of the one or more precoded AN signals is based on a rank indicator associated with the beam information.

[0206] Aspect 27: A method according to any one of Aspects 22 to 26, wherein the one or more data signals are associated with a channel state information reference signal based on multiple resource precodings, and wherein receiving the report of the beam information includes: receiving information of one or more resource indices identifying one or more beams having a signal to interference plus noise ratio less than a threshold.

[0207] Aspect 28: The method according to any one of aspects 22 to 27, wherein the AN precoding of the one or more precoded AN signals is based on a sounding reference signal.

[0208] Aspect 29: A method according to any one of Aspects 22 to 28, wherein the amount of beams reported in the beam information is based on at least one of the following items: radio resource control configuration, medium access control (MAC) control element configuration or reporting configuration.

[0209] Aspect 30: A method according to any one of Aspects 22 to 29, wherein the report of the beam information is received in a channel state information reference signal resource allocated for AN precoding, and the channel state information reference signal resource is precoded together with the AN.

[0210] Aspect 31: A method according to any one of Aspects 22 to 30, wherein the beam information includes information identifying one or more simulated beams associated with one or more synchronization signal blocks and associated with a channel metric less than a threshold.

[0211] Aspect 32: A method according to any one of Aspects 22 to 31, wherein a channel state information reference signal resource associated with reporting the beam information is quasi-co-located with the beam reported in the beam information.

[0212] Aspect 33: According to the method described in any one of Aspects 22 to 32, the method further includes: sending a trigger message indicating how to report the beam information; and wherein receiving the report of the beam information includes: based on the trigger message, receiving the report of the beam information in at least one of a radio resource control message, a medium access control control element, or a downlink control information.

[0213] Aspect 34: A method according to any one of aspects 22 to 33, wherein the one or more pre-decoded AN signals are associated with an AN generated based on a secret key.

[0214] Aspect 35: A method according to any one of Aspects 22 to 34, wherein the one or more pre-decoded AN signals are associated with an AN generated based on at least one of the following items: a Gaussian signal, an orthogonal amplitude modulation signal, an on-off keying signal, an amplitude shift keying signal, a phase shift keying signal, a pulse position modulation signal, a Bernoulli signal, or an exponential signal.

[0215] Aspect 36: The method according to any one of Aspects 22 to 35, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to: pre-decode the one or more pre-decoded AN signals based on a secret key available to the network node.

[0216] Aspect 37: A method according to any one of Aspects 22 to 36, wherein the AN associated with the one or more pre-decoded AN signals can be removed based on a secret key associated with an AN sequence of the one or more pre-decoded AN signals and a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) associated with the one or more pre-decoded AN signals, and wherein the one or more data signals can be decoded after the AN is removed using the secret key.

[0217] Aspect 38: According to any one of Aspects 22 to 37, the method also includes sending a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) associated with the one or more pre-decoded AN signals, and wherein the one or more data signals can be decoded based on the DMRS.

[0218] Aspect 39: An apparatus for performing wireless communications at a device, the apparatus comprising: a processor; a memory coupled to the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to perform one or more of the methods described in Aspects 1 to 21.

[0219] Aspect 40: A device for wireless communication, the device comprising: a memory; and one or more processors, the one or more processors coupled to the memory, the one or more processors configured to execute the method according to one or more of aspects 1 to 21.

[0220] Aspect 41: An apparatus for wireless communication, the apparatus comprising at least one means for performing the method according to one or more of aspects 1 to 21.

[0221] Aspect 42: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, the code comprising instructions executable by a processor to perform the method according to one or more of aspects 1 to 21.

[0222] Aspect 43: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing an instruction set for wireless communication, the instruction set comprising one or more instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a device, cause the device to perform one or more of the methods described in aspects 1 to 21.

[0223] Aspect 44: An apparatus for performing wireless communications at a device, the apparatus comprising: a processor; a memory coupled to the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to perform one or more of the methods described in Aspects 22 to 38.

[0224] Aspect 45: A device for wireless communication, the device comprising: a memory; and one or more processors, the one or more processors coupled to the memory, the one or more processors configured to execute the method according to one or more of aspects 22 to 38.

[0225] Aspect 46: An apparatus for wireless communication, the apparatus comprising at least one means for performing the method according to one or more of aspects 22 to 38.

[0226] Aspect 47: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, the code comprising instructions executable by a processor to perform the method according to one or more of aspects 22 to 38.

[0227] Aspect 48: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing an instruction set for wireless communication, the instruction set comprising one or more instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a device, cause the device to perform one or more of the methods described in aspects 22 to 38.

[0228] While the foregoing disclosure provides illustration and description, it is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the aspects to the precise forms disclosed. Modifications and variations are possible in light of the above disclosure or may be acquired from practice of these aspects.

[0229] As used herein, the term "component" is intended to be broadly interpreted as hardware, and / or a combination of hardware and software. Whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language or other names, "software" should be broadly interpreted as meaning instructions, instruction sets, codes, code segments, program codes, programs, subroutines, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable files, execution threads, procedures and / or functions, etc. As used herein, "processor" is implemented by a combination of hardware and / or hardware and software. It will be apparent that the system and / or method described herein can be implemented by a combination of hardware and / or hardware and software in different forms. The actual dedicated control hardware or software code used to implement these systems and / or methods does not limit various aspects. Therefore, the operation and behavior of the system and / or method are not described herein with reference to specific software codes, because it will be understood by those skilled in the art that software and hardware can be designed to implement the system and / or method based at least in part on the description herein.

[0230] As used herein, "satisfying a threshold" may refer to a value being greater than a threshold, greater than or equal to a threshold, less than a threshold, less than or equal to a threshold, equal to a threshold, not equal to a threshold, etc., depending on the context.

[0231] Although specific combinations of features are set forth in the claims and / or disclosed in the specification, these combinations are not intended to limit the disclosure of various aspects. Many of these features can be combined in a manner that is not specifically listed in the claims and / or is not disclosed in the specification. The disclosure of various aspects includes each dependent claim combined with each other claim in the claim set. As used herein, the phrase "at least one of" the list of items refers to any combination of these items (which includes a single member). As an example, "at least one of a, b or c" is intended to cover a, b, c, a+b, a+c, b+c and a+b+c, and any combination with multiple identical elements (e.g., a+a, a+a+a, a+a+b, a+a+c, a+b+b, a+c+c, b+b, b+b+b, b+b+c, c+c and c+c+c, or any other ordering of a, b and c).

[0232] Any element, action or instruction used herein should not be interpreted as key or necessary unless explicitly stated. In addition, as used herein, the articles "one" and "a kind of" are intended to include one or more entries and can be used interchangeably with "one or more". In addition, as used herein, the article "said" is intended to include one or more entries connected to the article "said", and can be used interchangeably with "one or more". In addition, as used herein, the terms "set" and "group" are intended to include one or more entries and can be used interchangeably with "one or more". If you only want to refer to an entry, the phrase "only one" or similar terms will be used. Moreover, as used herein, the terms "have", "have" etc. are intended to be open terms, which do not limit the elements they modify (for example, "elements with" A can also have B). In addition, as used herein, the phrase "based on" should not be interpreted as referring to a closed set of information, one or more conditions, one or more factors, etc. In other words, the phrase "based on A" (wherein "A" can be information, conditions, factors, etc.) should be interpreted as "at least based on A", unless stated differently in particular. Furthermore, as used herein, the term "or" when used in a series is intended to be open-ended and may be used interchangeably with "and / or" unless expressly stated otherwise (eg, if used in conjunction with "either" or "only one of").

Claims

1. A network node for wireless communication, the network node comprising: Memory; as well as one or more processors coupled to the memory, wherein the one or more processors are configured to: receiving a non-predecoded reference signal; reporting beam information associated with artificial noise (AN) based on the non-precoded reference signal; as well as One or more data signals protected by one or more pre-coded AN signals are received, wherein the one or more pre-coded AN signals are based on the beam information.

2. The network node of claim 1 , wherein the one or more processors are further configured to: The one or more data signals are decoded.

3. The network node according to claim 1, wherein: To decode the one or more data signals, the one or more processors are configured to decode the one or more data signals without removing an AN associated with the one or more pre-coded AN signals.

4. The network node of claim 1 , wherein the one or more processors are further configured to: removing an AN associated with the one or more pre-coded AN signals using a secret key associated with an AN sequence of the one or more pre-coded AN signals; and After removing the AN using the secret key, the one or more data signals are decoded.

5. The network node of claim 1 , wherein the one or more precoded AN signals are associated with codebook-based or non-codebook-based precoding; and Wherein, in order to report the beam information, the one or more processors are configured to: At least one of: information identifying a set of beams having less than a threshold reference signal received power, or a channel quality indicator is reported.

6. The network node of claim 5, wherein a rank of AN precoding of the one or more precoded AN signals is based on a rank indicator associated with the beam information.

7. The network node according to claim 1, wherein the one or more data signals are associated with a channel state information reference signal precoded based on multiple resources, and Wherein, in order to report the beam information, the one or more processors are configured to: Information identifying one or more resource indexes of one or more beams having a signal to interference plus noise ratio less than a threshold is reported.

8. The network node of claim 1, wherein AN precoding of the one or more precoded AN signals is based on a sounding reference signal.

9. The network node of claim 1 , wherein the amount of beams reported in the beam information is based on at least one of the following: Radio Resource Control configuration, Medium Access Control (MAC) control element configuration, or Report configuration.

10. The network node according to claim 1, wherein the beam information is reported in a channel state information reference signal resource allocated for AN precoding, and the channel state information reference signal resource is precoded together with the AN.

11. The network node of claim 1 , wherein the beam information comprises information identifying one or more simulated beams associated with one or more synchronization signal blocks and associated with a channel metric less than a threshold.

12. The network node of claim 1, wherein a channel state information reference signal resource associated with reporting the beam information is quasi-co-located with a beam reported in the beam information.

13. The network node of claim 1 , wherein the one or more processors are further configured to: receiving a trigger message indicating how to report the beam information; and Wherein, in order to report the beam information, the one or more processors are configured to: Based on the trigger message, the beam information is reported in at least one of a radio resource control message, a medium access control control element, or downlink control information.

14. The network node of claim 1, wherein the one or more pre-coded AN signals are associated with an AN generated based on a secret key available to the network node.

15. The network node of claim 1, wherein the one or more pre-decoded AN signals are associated with an AN generated based on at least one of the following: a Gaussian signal, a quadrature amplitude modulation signal, an on-off keying signal, an amplitude shift keying signal, a phase shift keying signal, a pulse position modulation signal, a Bernoulli signal, or an exponential signal.

16. The network node of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to: The one or more data signals are decoded based on a secret key available to a source of the one or more data signals.

17. The network node of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to: The one or more data signals are decoded based on whether there is one AN source or multiple AN sources.

18. The network node of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to: The one or more data signals are decoded based on at least one of a secret key or the reported beam.

19. The network node of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to: removing an AN associated with the one or more precoded AN signals based on a secret key associated with an AN sequence of the one or more precoded AN signals and a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) associated with the one or more precoded AN signals; and After removing the AN, the one or more data signals are decoded.

20. The network node of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to: The one or more data signals are decoded based on a secret key available for a source of the one or more data signals and a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) associated with the one or more pre-coded AN signals.

21. The network node of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to: The one or more data signals are decoded based on a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) associated with the one or more pre-coded AN signals.

22. A network node for wireless communication, the network node comprising: Memory; as well as one or more processors coupled to the memory, wherein the one or more processors are configured to: sending a non-pre-decoded reference signal; receiving a report of beam information associated with artificial noise (AN) based on the unprecoded reference signal; as well as One or more data signals protected by one or more pre-coded AN signals are transmitted, wherein the one or more pre-coded AN signals are based on the beam information.

23. The network node of claim 22, wherein the one or more data signals are decodable without removing an AN associated with the one or more pre-coded AN signals.

24. The network node of claim 22, wherein an AN associated with the one or more pre-coded AN signals is removable using a secret key associated with an AN sequence of the one or more pre-coded AN signals, and The one or more data signals are decodable after removing the AN using the secret key.

25. The network node of claim 22, wherein the one or more precoded AN signals are associated with codebook-based or non-codebook-based precoding; and Wherein to receive the report of the beam information, the one or more processors are configured to: At least one of: information identifying a set of beams having less than a threshold reference signal received power, or a channel quality indicator is received.

26. The network node of claim 25, wherein a rank of the AN precoding of the one or more precoded AN signals is based on a rank indicator associated with the beam information.

27. The network node of claim 22, wherein the one or more data signals are associated with a channel state information reference signal precoded based on a plurality of resources, and Wherein to receive the report of the beam information, the one or more processors are configured to: Information identifying one or more resource indexes of one or more beams having a signal to interference plus noise ratio less than a threshold is received.

28. The network node of claim 22, wherein the AN precoding of the one or more precoded AN signals is based on a sounding reference signal.

29. The network node of claim 22, wherein the amount of beams reported in the beam information is based on at least one of: Radio Resource Control configuration, Medium Access Control (MAC) control element configuration, or Report configuration.

30. The network node of claim 22, wherein the report of the beam information is received in a channel state information reference signal resource allocated for AN precoding, the channel state information reference signal resource being precoded together with the AN.

31. The network node of claim 22, wherein the beam information comprises information identifying one or more simulated beams associated with one or more synchronization signal blocks and associated with a channel metric less than a threshold.

32. The network node of claim 22, wherein a channel state information reference signal resource associated with reporting the beam information is quasi-co-located with a beam reported in the beam information.

33. The network node of claim 22, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to: sending a trigger message indicating how to report the beam information; and Wherein to receive the report of the beam information, the one or more processors are configured to: Based on the trigger message, the report of the beam information is received in at least one of a radio resource control message, a medium access control control element, or downlink control information.

34. The network node of claim 22, wherein the one or more pre-coded AN signals are associated with an AN generated based on a secret key.

35. A network node according to claim 22, wherein the one or more pre-decoded AN signals are associated with an AN generated based on at least one of the following items: a Gaussian signal, an orthogonal amplitude modulation signal, an on-off keying signal, an amplitude shift keying signal, a phase shift keying signal, a pulse position modulation signal, a Bernoulli signal or an exponential signal.

36. The network node of claim 22, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to: The one or more precoded AN signals are precoded based on a secret key available to the network node.

37. The network node of claim 22, wherein the AN associated with the one or more precoded AN signals is removable based on a secret key associated with an AN sequence of the one or more precoded AN signals and a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) associated with the one or more precoded AN signals, and The one or more data signals are decodable after removing the AN using the secret key.

38. The network node of claim 22, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to: A demodulation reference signal (DMRS) associated with the one or more precoded AN signals is transmitted, and wherein the one or more data signals are decodable based on the DMRS.

39. A method of wireless communication performed by a network node, the method comprising: receiving a non-predecoded reference signal; reporting beam information associated with artificial noise (AN) based on the non-precoded reference signal; as well as One or more data signals protected by one or more pre-coded AN signals are received, wherein the one or more pre-coded AN signals are based on the beam information.

40. A method of wireless communication performed by a network node, the method comprising: sending a non-pre-decoded reference signal; receiving a report of beam information associated with artificial noise (AN) based on the unprecoded reference signal; as well as One or more data signals protected by one or more pre-coded AN signals are transmitted, wherein the one or more pre-coded AN signals are based on the beam information.

41. A method, apparatus, device, computer program product, non-transitory computer readable medium, user equipment, base station, network entity, node, network node, wireless communication device and / or processing system as fully described herein with reference to the accompanying drawings and description and as illustrated by the accompanying drawings and description.

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