Reconfigurable smart surface configuration for orbital angular momentum

Abstract

Aspects of the present disclosure relate to transmitting first signaling to a reconfigurable smart surface (RIS) indicating a first configuration of an orbital angular momentum (OAM) mode for reflected signal transmission from the RIS. The network device can also send to a user equipment (UE) a second signaling indicating a mapping of a transmission configuration indicator (TCI) to an OAM mode. In addition, the network device can transmit a third signaling indicating a second configuration to the RIS for the plurality of OAM modes, and transmit a second signaling indicating a mapping of the TCI to the plurality of OAM modes to the UE.

Description

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application Serial No. 63 / 341,585, filed on May 13, 2022, entitled “Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface Configuration for Orbital Angular Momentum,” the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] The present disclosure relates to wireless communications, and more particularly to reconfigurable smart surface (RIS) configurations. Background Art

[0004] A wireless communication system may include one or more network communication devices, such as a base station, which may be further referred to as an eNodeB (eNB), a next generation NodeB (gNB), a core network function (CNF), or other suitable terms. Each network communication device (e.g., a base station) may support wireless communication for one or more user communication devices, which may be further referred to as a user equipment (UE), or other suitable terms. A wireless communication system may support wireless communication with one or more user communication devices by utilizing resources of the wireless communication system, such as time resources (e.g., symbols, time slots, sub-time slots, mini-time slots, aggregated time slots, subframes, frames, etc.), or frequency resources (e.g., subcarriers, carriers). In addition, a wireless communication system may support wireless communication across various radio access technologies (RATs), including third generation (3G) RATs, fourth generation (4G) RATs, fifth generation (5G) RATs, and other suitable RATs other than 5G. In some cases, a wireless communication system may be a non-terrestrial network (NTN), which may support various communication devices for wireless communication in the NTN. For example, the NTN may include network entities on non-ground vehicles, such as satellites, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), and high altitude platform systems (HAPS), as well as network entities on the ground, such as gateway entities capable of long-distance transmission and reception.

[0005] In wireless communications, different resource domains can be used to send and receive wireless signals. For example, UE and network equipment can use resources in the time domain and frequency domain for wireless transmission and reception. Network equipment in a wireless communication system may include: a UE that provides coverage extension for transmitted and / or received wireless signals, and one or more base stations and RIS. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present disclosure relates to methods, devices and systems for supporting RIS configuration for orbital angular momentum (OAM), such as configuration of a RIS with OAM capabilities. Aspects of the configuration techniques include configuring the RIS to change and / or generate OAM modes for uplink (UL) and / or downlink (DL), such as for separating a RIS channel from a direct channel for RIS channel estimation, and for OAM multiplexing of multiple direct and reflected data streams. The configuration techniques also include configuring the RIS to generate multiple modes from a single transmission mode for diversity gain, and mapping a transmission configuration indicator (TCI) state and / or a quasi-co-location (QCL) assumption with an OAM mode, and configuring the UE to report a reference signal received power (RSRP) for a mode generated or changed by multiple RIS for RIS selection.

[0007] Some implementations of the methods and apparatus described herein may include wireless communication at a device (e.g., a base station, a gNB, a network device), and the device sends a first signaling to a RIS, the first signaling indicating a first configuration of an OAM mode for transmission of a reflected signal from the RIS. The device also sends a second signaling to a UE indicating a mapping of a TCI to an OAM mode. The device may also send a third signaling indicating a second configuration to the RIS for multiple OAM modes, and send a second signaling to the UE indicating a mapping of a TCI to multiple OAM modes.

[0008] In some implementations of the methods and apparatus described herein, the second configuration includes: a list of OAM mode numbers associated with a plurality of OAM modes, wherein the OAM mode numbers are based in part on first signaling indicating the OAM mode. The second configuration includes: a list of OAM mode numbers associated with a plurality of OAM modes to be generated by the RIS, and configuration information for mapping one or more of the plurality of OAM modes to one of a plurality of spatial directions, the plurality of spatial directions being configured to utilize different OAM modes of the plurality of OAM modes for data transmission with a plurality of UEs. The second signaling configures the UE to: receive a plurality of data transmissions having a plurality of OAM modes using different TCI states associated with respective different RISs. The second signaling configures the UE to: send a plurality of data transmissions having a plurality of OAM modes using different TCI states associated with respective different RISs. The first configuration includes at least one of the following: phase, amplitude, or element states of one or more RIS elements to configure the RIS for an OAM mode for transmission of a reflected signal. The first configuration includes: a mode number of an OAM mode for transmission of a signal from a device, and a mode number of an OAM mode for transmission of a reflected signal through the RIS. The first configuration includes one or more of the following items: phase, amplitude, or element state of one or more RIS elements to change the OAM mode of the reflected signal transmission. The second signaling configures the UE with one or more OAM modes for at least one of receiving or sending data transmission, and the one or more OAM modes are mapped to TCI states, and each TCI state is associated with a RIS. The second signaling configures the UE to report one or more RSRP reports, each report corresponding to an OAM mode associated with the RIS. The device receives one or more RSRP reports from the UE, each report corresponding to an OAM mode associated with the RIS.

[0009] Some implementations of the methods and apparatus described herein may include wireless communication at a device (e.g., a RIS), and the device receives a first signaling from a base station, the first signaling indicating a first configuration of the RIS for an OAM mode. The device also sends a reflected signal transmission to the UE according to the OAM mode. The device is also capable of receiving a second signaling indicating a second configuration for a plurality of OAM modes.

[0010] In some implementations of the methods and apparatus described herein, the second configuration includes: a list of OAM mode numbers associated with a plurality of OAM modes to be generated by the RIS, wherein the OAM mode numbers generated by the RIS are based in part on first signaling indicating the OAM mode. The second configuration includes: a list of OAM mode numbers associated with a plurality of OAM modes to be generated by the RIS, and configuration information for mapping one or more of the plurality of OAM modes to one of a plurality of spatial directions, the plurality of spatial directions being configured to utilize different OAM modes of the plurality of OAM modes for data transmission with a plurality of UEs. The first configuration includes one or more of the following: phase, amplitude, or element state of one or more RIS elements to configure an apparatus for an OAM mode for transmission of a reflected signal. The first configuration includes: a mode number of an OAM mode for transmission of a signal from a base station, and a mode number of an OAM mode for transmission of a reflected signal by the RIS. The first configuration includes one or more of the following: phase, amplitude, or element state of one or more RIS elements to change the OAM mode for transmission of the reflected signal.

[0011] Some implementations of the methods and apparatus described herein may include wireless communication at a device (e.g., a UE), and the device receives signaling from a base station indicating a mapping of a TCI to an OAM mode for a reflected signal transmission from a RIS. The device also receives a reflected signal transmission from the RIS according to the indicated OAM mode.

[0012] In some implementations of the methods and devices described herein, signaling from a base station indicates a mapping of a TCI to a plurality of OAM modes, the plurality of OAM modes being associated with a configuration of a RIS for the plurality of OAM modes. The signaling configures the device to receive a plurality of data transmissions having a plurality of OAM modes using different TCI states associated with respective different RISs. The signaling configures the device to send a plurality of data transmissions having a plurality of OAM modes using different TCI states associated with respective different RISs. The signaling configures the device using one or more OAM modes for at least one of receiving or sending data transmissions, and the one or more OAM modes are mapped to TCI states, and each TCI state is associated with a RIS. The signaling configures the device to report one or more RSRP reports, each corresponding to an OAM mode associated with a RIS. The UE sends one or more RSRP reports, each corresponding to an OAM mode associated with a RIS. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Various aspects of the present disclosure of RIS configurations for OAM are described with reference to the following drawings.Throughout the text, the same numbers may be used to reference similar features and components shown in the figures.

[0014] Figure 1 An example of a wireless communication system supporting RIS configuration for OAM according to aspects of the present disclosure is shown.

[0015] Figure 2 An example of an OAM pattern of an OAM wave involving a RIS configuration for OAM according to aspects of the present disclosure is shown.

[0016] Figure 3 An example of antenna phase and OAM pattern generation involving a RIS configuration for OAM according to aspects of the present disclosure is shown.

[0017] Figure 4 An example of multiple OAM mode generation achieved with multiple uniform circular arrays involving a RIS configuration for OAM according to aspects of the present disclosure is shown.

[0018] Figure 5 An example of configuring the RIS to change an OAM mode for RIS channel estimation according to aspects of the present disclosure involving RIS configuration for OAM is shown.

[0019] Figure 6 An example of configuring a RIS and a UE with multiple TCI states and multiple OAM modes according to aspects of the present disclosure involving RIS configuration for OAM is shown.

[0020] Figure 7 An example of configuring the RIS to generate a plurality of OAM modes according to aspects of the present disclosure involving RIS configuration for OAM is shown.

[0021] Figure 8 An example of configuring a RIS for OAM and a UE as a mapping to a TCI state according to aspects of the present disclosure involving RIS configuration for OAM is shown.

[0022] Fig. 9 An example block diagram of components of a device (eg, UE or RIS) supporting RIS configuration for OAM according to aspects of the present disclosure is shown.

[0023] Fig.10 An example block diagram of components of a device (eg, a base station) supporting RIS configuration for OAM according to aspects of the present disclosure is shown.

[0024] Figure 11-Figure 14 A flow chart of a method for supporting RIS configuration for OAM according to aspects of the present disclosure is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] Implementations of RIS configuration for OAM are described, for example, involving configuring the RIS to change and / or generate OAM patterns for UL and / or DL, such as for separating a RIS channel from a direct channel for RIS channel estimation, and for OAM multiplexing of multiple direct and reflected data streams. The configuration techniques also include configuring the RIS to generate multiple patterns from a single transmit pattern for diversity gain, and mapping TCI states and / or QCL assumptions to OAM patterns, and configuring the UE to report RSRP for patterns generated or changed by multiple RIS for RIS selection.

[0026] Implementation of RIS in a wireless communication network provides coverage extension for downlink and / or uplink transmissions and is particularly helpful in alleviating signal blocking that causes signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) degradation or DL / UL beam failures. RIS is configured with control information received from a network device (e.g., base station, gNB) for efficient reflection of transmission signals using time and spatial information of the Uu link provided by the network. The control information may include time as well as common and UE-specific spatial information for beamforming. The ability to control RIS to perform specific beamforming of reflected signals towards a preferred direction with configurable beam gain and width has many communication applications.

[0027] In addition, OAM can be implemented and utilized in wireless communications because it provides potential gains in enhancing system capacity by utilizing the spatial distribution of spiral phase fronts to serve multiple UEs, or UEs with multiple data streams using the same time, frequency, space, power, and code resources. In addition, a spiral phase plate (SPP) or uniform circular array (UCA) used to generate OAM modes can be implemented at locations other than the transmitter. In this regard, a RIS can be fabricated with a metamaterial that is used as an SPP or UCA to manipulate or generate one or more OAM modes. In implementation, a network device (e.g., a base station) can provide control information to a RIS controller to apply a specified OAM mode to the RIS. In aspects of the present disclosure, techniques for control configuration from a network device to a RIS and / or to a UE are presented to perform RIS-based OAM modes for transmission and reception.

[0028] Aspects of the disclosure are described in the context of wireless communication systems.Aspects of the disclosure are further illustrated and described with reference to device diagrams and flow charts relating to RIS configuration for OAM.

[0029] Figure 1An example of a wireless communication system 100 that supports RIS configuration for OAM according to aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The wireless communication system 100 may include one or more base stations 102, one or more UEs 104, and a core network 106. The wireless communication system 100 may support various radio access technologies. In some implementations, the wireless communication system 100 may be a 4G network, such as an LTE network or an advanced LTE (LTE-A) network. In some other implementations, the wireless communication system 100 may be a 5G network, such as an NR network. In other implementations, the wireless communication system 100 may be a combination of a 4G network and a 5G network. The wireless communication system 100 may support radio access technologies other than 5G. In addition, the wireless communication system 100 may support technologies such as time division multiple access (TDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), or code division multiple access (CDMA).

[0030] One or more base stations 102 may be dispersed throughout a geographic area to form a wireless communication system 100. The one or more base stations 102 described herein may be, include, or may be referred to as a base transceiver station, an access point, a NodeB, an eNodeB (eNB), a next generation NodeB (gNB), a radio head (RH), a relay node, an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, or other suitable terms. The base station 102 and the UE 104 may communicate via a communication link 108, which may be a wireless or wired connection. For example, the base station 102 and the UE 104 may perform wireless communication via an NR-Uu interface.

[0031] The base station 102 may provide a geographic coverage area 110, so the base station 102 may support services (e.g., voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcast, etc.) for one or more UEs 104 within the geographic coverage area. For example, the base station 102 and the UE 104 may support wireless communications of signals related to services (e.g., voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcast, etc.) according to one or more radio access technologies. In some implementations, the base station 102 may be mobile, for example when implemented as a gNB on a satellite or other non-terrestrial station (NTS) associated with a non-terrestrial network (NTN). In some implementations, different geographic coverage areas 110 associated with the same or different radio access technologies may overlap, and different geographic coverage areas 110 may be associated with different base stations 102. The information and signals described herein may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies and methods. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips that may be referenced in this specification may be represented by voltage, current, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, optical fields or particles, or any combination thereof.

[0032] One or more UEs 104 may be dispersed throughout a geographic area or coverage area 110 of the wireless communication system 100. UE 104 may include or may be referred to as a mobile device, a wireless device, a remote device, a handheld device, a customer premises equipment (CPE), a user equipment, or some other suitable term. In some implementations, UE 104 may be referred to as a unit, a station, a terminal, or a client, etc. Additionally, or alternatively, UE 104 may be referred to as an Internet of Things (IoT) device, an Internet of Everything (IoE) device, or a machine type communication (MTC) device, etc. In some implementations, UE 104 may be stationary in the wireless communication system 100. In other implementations, UE 104 may be mobile in the wireless communication system 100, such as a ground station in motion (ESIM).

[0033] One or more UEs 104 may be devices of different forms or with different capabilities. Some examples of UEs 104 are Figure 1 UE 104 may be able to communicate with various types of devices, such as base stations 102, other UEs 104, or network devices (e.g., core network 106, relay devices, gateway devices, integrated access and backhaul (IAB) nodes, location servers implementing location management functions (LMFs), or other network devices). Additionally or alternatively, UE 104 may support communication with other base stations 102 or UEs 104, which may act as relays in the wireless communication system 100.

[0034] The UE 104 may also support direct wireless communication with other UEs 104 via a communication link 112. For example, the UE 104 may support direct wireless communication with another UE 104 via a device-to-device (D2D) communication link. In some implementations, such as vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) deployments, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) deployments, or cellular-V2X deployments, the communication link 112 may be referred to as a side link. For example, the UE 104 may support direct wireless communication with another UE 104 via a PC5 interface.

[0035] The base station 102 may support communication with the core network 106 or with another base station 102, or both. For example, the base station 102 may interface with the core network 106 via one or more backhaul links 114 (e.g., via S1, N2, or other network interfaces). The base stations 102 may communicate with each other via backhaul links 118 (e.g., via X2, Xn, or another network interface). In some implementations, the base stations 102 may communicate with each other directly (e.g., between the base stations 102). In some other implementations, the base stations 102 may communicate with each other indirectly (e.g., via the core network 106). In some implementations, one or more base stations 102 may include subcomponents, such as an access network entity, which may be an example of an access node controller (ANC). The ANC may communicate with one or more UEs 104 via one or more other access network transport entities, which may be referred to as remote radio heads, smart radio heads, gateways, transmission-reception points (TRPs), and other network nodes and / or entities.

[0036] The core network 106 may support user authentication, access authorization, tracking, connection, and other access, routing, or mobility functions. The core network 106 may be an evolved packet core (EPC) or a 5G core (5GC), which may include control plane entities that manage access and mobility (e.g., a mobility management entity (MME), an access and mobility management function (AMF)), and user plane entities that route or interconnect packets to external networks (e.g., a serving gateway (S-GW), a packet data network (PDN) gateway (P-GW), or a user plane function (UPF)). In some implementations, the control plane entities may manage non-access stratum (NAS) functions such as mobility, authentication, and bearer management for one or more UEs 104 that are served by one or more base stations 102 associated with the core network 106.

[0037] Depending on the implementation, as described herein, one or more of the UE 104, the base station 102, and the RIS 116 can be operable to implement various aspects of the RIS configuration for OAM. For example, the base station 102 can transmit signaling 118 to the RIS controller of the RIS 116 indicating a configuration for an OAM mode for a reflected signal transmission 120 from the RIS 116 to the UE 104. In an implementation, the signaling 118 can indicate a configuration to the RIS 116 for multiple OAM modes. The base station 102 can also transmit another signaling 122 to the UE 104 indicating a mapping of TCI to an OAM mode and / or a mapping of TCI to multiple OAM modes. As a result, the reflected signal transmission 120 from the RIS 116 has a different OAM mode than the incident signal 124 transmitted from the base station 102 to the UE 104.

[0038] In terms of RIS configuration for OAM, reconfigurable smart surfaces, also known as intelligent reflective surfaces (IRS) or large intelligent surfaces (LIS), intelligently reconfigure the propagation environment by adjusting the phase and amplitude of RIS elements, thereby providing the potential to enhance the capacity and coverage of wireless networks. In aspects of the present disclosure, it is cost-effective to configure and utilize RIS for the sixth generation (6G) wireless communication network because RIS technology does not require digital-to-analog (DAC) / DAC converters or power amplifiers and meets green communication requirements. RIS is composed of a large number of low-cost and passive components that can modify the radio waves that impact them and can be easily coated on existing infrastructure. In particular, when RIS is integrated with other emerging and advanced technologies (such as terahertz communication, massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO), AI / ML-based systems, etc.), the RIS may also have a significant impact on the design of future wireless systems and can be used for different applications such as communication, sensing, positioning, etc. In order to control the phase and amplitude of RIS elements, the interface to the network needs to adjust the reflection characteristics of RIS based on channel conditions and transmission requirements.

[0039] With reference to antenna port quasi-co-location, the UE can be configured with a list of up to M TCI state configurations, within the higher layer parameter physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH)-configuration, decoding the PDSCH through downlink control information (DCI) for the UE and a given serving cell based on the detected physical downlink control channel (PDCCH), where M depends on the UE capability maxNumberConfiguredTCIstatesPerCC. Each TCI-state includes parameters for configuring the quasi-co-location relationship between one or two downlink reference signals and the demodulation reference signal (DM-RS) port of the PDSCH, the DM-RS port of the PDCCH, or the channel state information (CSI)-RS port of the CSI-RS resource. The quasi-co-location relationship is configured by the higher layer parameters qcl Type1 for the first DLRS and qcl-Type2 for the second DL RS (if configured). For the case of two DL RSs, the QCL type should not be the same, regardless of whether the reference is the same DL RS or different DL RSs. The quasi-co-location type corresponding to each DL RS is given by the higher-layer parameter qcl-Type in the QCL-information and can take one of the following values: "Type A": {Doppler shift, Doppler spread, average delay, delay spread}; "Type B": {Doppler shift, Doppler spread}; "Type C": {Doppler shift, average delay}; or "Type D": {spatial Rx parameters}.

[0040] The UE receives an activation command used to map up to eight (8) TCI states to code points of the DCI field "Transmission Configuration Indication" in one control channel (CC) / DL bandwidth part (BWP) or CC / DL BWP set, respectively. When a TCI state ID set is activated for a CC / DL BWP set, where the applicable CC list is determined by the CC indicated in the activation command, the same TCI state ID set is applied to all DL BWPs in the indicated CC. When the UE supports two TCI states in the code points of the DCI field "Transmission Configuration Indication", the UE may receive an activation command used to map up to eight (8) combinations of one or two TCI states to code points of the DCI field "Transmission Configuration Indication". The UE is not expected to receive more than eight (8) TCI states in the activation command. When the DCI field "Transmission Configuration Indication" is present in DCI format 1_2, and when the number of code points S in the DCI field "Transmission Configuration Indication" of DCI format 1_2 is less than the number of TCI code points activated by the activation command, only the first S activated code points are applicable to DCI format 1_2.

[0041] When the UE sends a Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) with Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request-Acknowledgement (HARQ-ACK) information in slot n corresponding to the PDSCH carrying the activation command, the mapping between the indicated TCI state and the code point of the DCI field "Transmission Configuration Indication" shall be from slot n to the PDSCH carrying the activation command. Applies starting from the first timeslot after, where m is the subcarrier spacing (SCS) configuration for PUCCH. If tci-PresentInDCI is set to "enabled" or tci-PresentDCI-1-2 is configured for the control resource set (CORESET) for scheduling PDSCH, and if applicable, the time offset between the reception of DL DCI and the corresponding PDSCH is equal to or greater than timeDurationForQCL, then after the UE receives the initial higher layer configuration of the TCI state and before receiving the activation command, the UE may assume that the DM-RS ports of the PDSCH of the serving cell are quasi-co-located with the synchronization signal (SS) / physical broadcast channel (PBCH) blocks determined during the initial access procedure with respect to qcl-Type set to "Type A" and, when applicable, with respect to qcl-Type set to "Type D".

[0042] If the UE is configured with the higher layer parameter tci-PresentInDCI set to "enabled" for a CORESET scheduling a PDSCH, the UE assumes that the TCI field is present in DCI format 1_1 of the PDCCH sent on the CORESET. If the UE is configured with the higher layer parameter tci-PresentDCI-1-2 for a CORESET scheduling a PDSCH, the UE assumes that the TCI field is present in DCI format 1_2 of the PDCCH sent on the CORESET with a DCI field size indicated by tci-PresentDCI-1-2. If the PDSCH is scheduled by a DCI format without the TCI field present, and, if applicable, the time offset between the reception of the DL DCI and the corresponding PDSCH of the serving cell is equal to or greater than a threshold timeDurationForQCL, where the threshold is based on the reported UE capabilities for determining PDSCH antenna port quasi-co-location, the UE assumes that the TCI state or QCL assumption used for the PDSCH is the same as the TCI state or QCL assumption applied by the CORESET for PDCCH transmissions within the active BWP of the serving cell.

[0043] If the PDSCH is scheduled by a DCI format with the TCI field present, the TCI field in the DCI in the scheduling component carrier points to an activated TCI state in the scheduling component carrier or DL ​​BWP, and the UE shall use the TCI state for determining the PDSCH antenna port quasi-co-location based on the value of the "Transmission Configuration Indication" field in the detected PDCCH with DCI. If the time offset between the reception of the DL DCI and the corresponding PDSCH is equal to or greater than a threshold timeDurationForQCL, the UE may assume that the DM-RS ports of the PDSCH of the serving cell are quasi-co-located with the RS in the TCI state with respect to the QCL type parameter given by the indicated TCI state, where the threshold is based on the reported UE capabilities. When the UE is configured to work with single-slot PDSCH, the indicated TCI state shall be based on the activated TCI state in the slot with the scheduled PDSCH.

[0044] When the UE is configured with multi-slot PDSCH, the indicated TCI state shall be based on the activated TCI state in the first slot with scheduled PDSCH, and the UE shall expect the activated TCI state to be the same in the slots with scheduled PDSCH. When the UE is configured with a CORESET associated with a search space set for cross-carrier scheduling, and the UE is not configured with enableDefaultBeamForCCS, then the UE expects tci-PresentInDCI to be set to "enabled" or tci-PresentDCI-1-2 to be configured for the CORESET, and if one or more of the TCI states configured for the serving cells scheduled by the search space set contains qcl-Type set to "Type D", then the UE expects the time offset between the PDCCH detected in the search space set and the reception of the corresponding PDSCH to be greater than or equal to the threshold timeDurationForQCL.

[0045] Regardless of the configuration of tci-PresentInDCI and tci-PresentDCI-1-2 in radio resource control (RRC) connected mode, if the offset between the reception of the DL DCI and the corresponding PDSCH is less than the threshold timeDurationForQCL, and at least one configured TCI state of the serving cell for scheduling the PDSCH contains a qcl-Type set to "Type D", the UE may assume that the DM-RS ports of the PDSCH of the serving cell are quasi-co-located with the RS with respect to the QCL parameters of the PDCCH quasi-co-location indication for the CORESET associated with the monitoring search space with the lowest controlResourceSetId in the latest time slot, where one or more CORESETs within the active BWP of the serving cell are monitored by the UE. In this case, if the qcl-Type of the PDSCH DM-RS is set to "Type D" and is different from the PDCCH DM-RS they overlap in at least one symbol, the UE is expected to receive the PDCCH associated with the CORESET in priority. This also applies to the case of intra-band carrier aggregation (CA) (when PDSCH and CORESET are located in different component carriers).

[0046] If the UE is configured with enableDefaultTCIStatePerCoresetPoolIndex and the UE is configured with a higher layer parameter PDCCH-Config containing two different coresetPoolIndex values ​​in different ControlResourceSets, the UE may assume that the DM-RS ports of the PDSCH associated with the value of coresetPoolIndex of the serving cell are quasi-co-located with(s) RS with respect to the(s) QCL parameters indicated by the PDCCH quasi-co-location for the CORESET associated with the monitored search space with the lowest controlResourceSetId among those CORESETs configured with the same coresetPoolIndex value as the PDCCH scheduling that PDSCH, together with, in the latest timeslot, one or more CORESETs monitored by the UE that are associated with the same coresetPoolIndex value as the PDCCH scheduling that PDSCH within the active BWP of the serving cell. In this case, if the "QCL-TypeD" of the PDSCH DM-RS is different from the "QCL-TypeD" of the PDCCH DM-RS they overlap in at least one symbol, and they are associated with the same coresetPoolIndex, the UE is expected to receive the PDCCH associated with that CORESET preferentially. This also applies to the intra-band CA case (when the PDSCH and CORESET are located in different component carriers).

[0047] If the UE is configured with enableTwoDefaultTCI-States and at least one TCI codepoint indicates two TCI states, the UE may assume that the DM-RS ports of the PDSCH or PDSCH transmission scenario of the serving cell are quasi-co-located with the RS(s) with respect to the QCL parameters(s) associated with the TCI state corresponding to the lowest of the TCI codepoints containing two different TCI states. When the UE is configured by setting the higher layer parameter repetitionScheme to "tdmSchemeA" or configured with the higher layer parameter repetitionNumber, the mapping of TCI states to PDSCH transmission opportunities is determined in accordance with clause 5.1.2.1 by replacing the indicated TCI state with the TCI state corresponding to the lowest of the TCI codepoints containing two different TCI states based on the activated TCI state in the timeslot with the first PDSCH transmission opportunity. In this case, if the "QCL-TypeD" in the two TCI states corresponding to the lowest codepoint in the TCI codepoints containing two different TCI states is different from the "QCL-TypeD" of the PDCCH DM-RS that they overlap in at least one symbol, the UE is expected to preferentially receive the PDCCH associated with that CORESET. This also applies to intra-band CA cases (when the PDSCH and CORESET are located in different component carriers). In all of the above cases, if the configured TCI state of the serving cell used to schedule PDSCH is not configured with qcl-Type set to "Type D", the UE should obtain other QCL assumptions from the indicated TCI state used for its scheduled PDSCH, regardless of the time offset between the reception of the DL DCI and the corresponding PDSCH.

[0048] Conventional wireless communication designs are built on planar electromagnetic waves. However, electromagnetic (EM) waves have not only linear momentum, but also angular momentum, which contains spin angular momentum (SAM) or OAM. OAM is a wavefront with a spiral phase OAM and has a large amount of topological charge, which is called an OAM mode. Beams with different OAM modes are orthogonal to each other, and they can be multiplexed and demultiplexed together, thus increasing capacity without relying on traditional resources such as time and frequency. OAM is formed by microscopic particles moving in a circular motion along the propagation direction, involving the spatial distribution of particles. It is represented macroscopically as a vortex beam carrying a wavefront phase factor exp(jlφ) (where "l" is the topological charge or azimuthal order or index, or even the rolling index, of the wave and determines the number of OAM modes, and "φ" represents the launch phase angle or rolling angle).

[0049] Figure 2An example 200 of an OAM pattern of an OAM wave involving a RIS configuration for OAM is shown. Figure 3 An example 230 of antenna phase and OAM pattern generation involving a RIS configuration for OAM is shown. Figure 3 Reference: Appl. Sci. 2019, 9, 1729; doi: 10.3390 / app9091729, licensed under Creative Commons BY 4.0). To generate a beam carrying OAM mode n (L=n), the antenna elements are connected to phase shifters that perform n×360 degree rotations. Example 300 shows beamforming for OAM modes 0, 1, and 2 using a uniform circular array (UCA) consisting of eight (8) antenna elements.

[0050] Figure 4 An example 400 of multiple OAM mode generation implemented using multiple uniform circular arrays involving a RIS configuration for OAM is shown. Figure 4 Reference: Appl.Sci.2019,9,1729; doi:10.3390 / app9091729, licensed under Creative Commons BY 4.0). It is worth noting that a single UCA or multiple UCAs can be used for multiple OAM mode generation, as shown in Example 400. In the former case, the superimposed beams are transmitted by a single UCA. In the latter case, concentric multiple UCAs can be used. The separation of beams carrying OAM modes can be performed similarly to using antenna elements connected to phase shifters with opposite rotation directions. As long as the number of antenna elements is greater than 2n, the n×360 degree rotations can be orthogonal to each other. Therefore, each OAM mode can be separated from the signal of the mixed OAM mode without aliasing. This beam separation can also be performed by using a single UCA or multiple UCAs, as in beamforming. Note that in the former case, a frequency divider is provided between the antenna element and the phase shifter. To avoid confusion regarding the term "multiple UCAs," the present disclosure refers to superposition-based beamforming using a single UCA as described. As shown in example 400, multiple antenna arrays are capable of generating the same OAM mode simultaneously.

[0051] Figure 5An example 500 of configuring the RIS to change the OAM mode for RIS channel estimation (both DL and UL) involving RIS configuration for OAM is shown. Aspects of the present disclosure contemplate RIS mode rotation configuration for RIS channel estimation. In an implementation, a network node (e.g., a base station 102 with local RIS control functionality) can send a first configuration message to a connected RIS 116 for OAM change or correction, and / or for OAM mode generation. The network node can send a second configuration to a RIS controller of the RIS 116 for generating multiple OAM modes with multiple spatial directions to serve multiple UEs. The base station 102 can communicate configuration signaling with the RIS controller in-band using a transmit signal, or communicate configuration signaling with the RIS controller via an out-of-band transmission between the base station and the RIS controller.

[0052] The network node can also send a configuration to the UE 104 for mapping between the OAM mode and the TCI state associated with one or more RIS. The RIS synchronized with the network node and connected thereto is configured to apply the corresponding configuration to generate the required OAM mode so that the signal reflected by the RIS to the UE and / or the base station has a different (multiple) OAM mode from the incident signal. Modifying the OAM mode at the RIS can be used to compensate for the mode differences caused by multipath and / or atmospheric disturbances. Based on the UE reports of different received OAM modes, the base station can configure the RIS to adjust the OAM mode so that the inter-mode interference is minimized on the receiver side. In addition, the RIS can apply the corresponding control configuration so that the reflected signal has an OAM mode orthogonal to the incident signal. This can be used on the receiver side to separate the direct channel from the RIS channel to enhance the optimization of the RIS, as shown in example 500, which shows both the downlink from the base station to the UE via the RIS and the uplink from the UE to the base station via the RIS.

[0053] As shown in example 500 for the DL case, the base station configures the RIS to generate an OAM mode orthogonal to the mode used for transmission (e.g., a reference signal from the base station). In one implementation, the base station sends explicit phase, amplitude, and element state information for each element, or for an element group, to the RIS to be applied by the RIS controller so that the signal is reflected in the desired OAM mode. In another implementation, the configuration includes information about the OAM mode number of the transmitted signal and the required OAM mode number for the reflected signal. The RIS applies corresponding parameters to its elements to modify the mode. The base station configures the UE to receive two OAM modes using its UCA antenna, one of which comes directly from the base station and the other is generated and reflected by the RIS. The transmitted signal from the base station may include a reference signal transmitted using a single OAM mode. The UE can measure the reference signal using two different OAM modes for reception and report the RSRP and / or CSI for each mode to the base station. The first report represents the CSI of the direct channel, while the second report represents the CSI of the RIS channel so that the separated channel information can be used to optimize the reflection of the RIS.

[0054] Figure 6 An example 600 of configuring the RIS and UE with multiple TCI states and multiple OAM modes involving RIS configuration for OAM is shown. In an implementation, the base station 102 sends a configuration to the RIS 116 for receiving a specific OAM mode from the base station and / or the UE 104, and configures the UE to receive two OAM modes with multiple data streams (e.g., a first data stream is beamformed to the RIS via OAM mode #0, and a second data stream is beamformed to the UE via OAM mode #1), so that additional separation gain can be achieved with multiple streams over multiple OAM mode transmissions, as shown in the example 600.

[0055] Figure 7An example 700 of configuring the RIS to generate multiple OAM modes is shown involving a RIS configuration for OAM. Aspects of the present disclosure contemplate RIS configuration for multi-mode OAM generation. In implementation, a network node (e.g., a base station 102 having a local RIS control function) can send a configuration message to the RIS 116, wherein the configuration contains information for generating multiple OAM modes from a single or multiple transmitted OAM modes. The RIS synchronized with the network node and connected thereto is configured to apply a corresponding configuration to generate multiple OAM modes, so that the reflected signal from the RIS to (multiple) UEs 104 has more (multiple) OAM modes than the incident signal. In implementation, the base station configures the RIS to receive a single OAM mode and reflect a signal having multiple OAM modes to the UE. Generating multiple OAM modes via the RIS can be used to obtain mode diversity at the UE and / or base station, thereby enhancing reception performance, as shown in example 700.

[0056] Since different OAM modes exhibit different propagation characteristics through multipath channels, the UE is able to combine signals received by multiple OAM modes to enhance signal quality. In another implementation, the base station configures the RIS to receive multiple OAM modes from the base station and apply spatial information mapped to the received OAM modes. The RIS applies the required spatial information to reflect each received OAM mode to a specific direction, so that if the OAM mode sent from the base station is used for multiple UEs, the spatial information of the OAM mode for each UE based on the UE position and / or CSI report helps to separate the OAM modes in space to minimize the inter-mode interference caused by multipath and / or atmospheric disturbances for OAM mode differences. In an implementation, the base station can explicitly configure the RIS with the required parameters for each element or for each element group to generate the required OAM mode towards the required spatial direction. In another implementation, the base station configures the RIS with a list of OAM modes to be generated and an index to map the OAM mode to a specific TCI state and / or spatial direction.

[0057] Based on the UE reports of different received OAM patterns, the base station can configure the RIS to adjust the OAM pattern so that the inter-mode interference is minimized at the receiver side. In addition, the RIS can apply the corresponding control configuration so that the reflected signal has an OAM pattern orthogonal to the incident signal. This can be used at the receiver side to separate the direct channel from the RIS channel.

[0058] Figure 8An example 800 of configuring a RIS for OAM and a UE to map to a TCI state is shown involving a RIS configuration for OAM. Aspects of the present disclosure contemplate configurations for associating multiple OAM modes with multiple RISs for RIS selection. In an implementation, a network node (e.g., a base station 102 with local RIS control functionality) can send a configuration message to a connected UE 104, wherein the configuration includes information for receiving multiple OAM modes reflected from multiple RISs. Multiple RISs are synchronized with and connected to the network node, and are configured to apply corresponding configurations to change or generate OAM modes so that a signal reflected to (multiple) UEs by one RIS has a different OAM mode from an incident signal and a reflected signal from other RISs, as shown in example 800.

[0059] The base station sends to the UE the OAM mode numbers observed and measured by the UE, wherein each OAM mode is reflected via one RIS in the network. In an implementation, the configuration also includes information for mapping TCI states used for sending signals from the base station and reflected signals via RISs having corresponding OAM modes, and the UE uses different spatial filters to receive different OAM modes reflected from different RISs. In another implementation, the configuration includes information for the UE to receive all OAM modes with a single TCI state or QCL assumption. The UE is also configured with resources to report multiple RSRPs to the base station, wherein each report is associated with an OAM mode corresponding to a RIS. Upon receiving the report from the UE, the base station selects the RIS corresponding to the best RSRP measured by the UE for different OAM modes to serve the reporting UE. One benefit of the configuration is that the base station does not need to send different CSI-RS to each RIS for identifying the quality of reflected signals from different RISs. Since the pattern is applied on the RIS side, a single CSI-RS port can be used from the base station, and the identification of different RISs is based on different OAM modes generated from different RISs.

[0060] Fig. 9An example of a block diagram 900 of a device 902 supporting RIS configuration for OAM according to aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The device 902 may be an example of a UE 104 or a RIS 116 as described herein. The device 902 may support wireless communications and / or network signaling with one or more base stations 102, other UEs 104, RIS 116, network entities and devices, or any combination thereof. The device 902 may include components for bidirectional communication, including components for sending and receiving communications, such as a communication manager 904, a processor 906, a memory 908, a receiver 910, a transmitter 912, and an I / O controller 914. These components may be in electronic communication or otherwise coupled (e.g., operationally, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more interfaces (e.g., a bus).

[0061] The communication manager 904, the receiver 910, the transmitter 912, or various combinations thereof or various components thereof may be examples of means for performing various aspects of the present disclosure as described herein. For example, the communication manager 904, the receiver 910, the transmitter 912, or various combinations thereof or components thereof may support methods for performing one or more functions described herein.

[0062] In some implementations, the communication manager 904, the receiver 910, the transmitter 912, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g., in a communication management circuit system). The hardware may include a processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof, which are configured to or otherwise support means for performing the functions described in the present disclosure. In some implementations, the processor 906, and a memory 908 coupled to the processor 906, may be configured to perform one or more functions described herein (e.g., by instructions stored in the memory 908 executed by the processor 906).

[0063] Additionally or alternatively, in some implementations, the communication manager 904, the receiver 910, the transmitter 912, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in code (e.g., as communication management software or firmware) executed by the processor 906. If implemented in code executed by the processor 906, the functionality of the communication manager 904, the receiver 910, the transmitter 912, or various combinations or components thereof may be performed by a general purpose processor, a DSP, a central processing unit (CPU), an ASIC, an FPGA, or any combination of these or other programmable logic devices (e.g., components configured or otherwise supported for performing the functionality described in the present disclosure).

[0064] In some implementations, the communication manager 904 may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receive, listen, send) using or otherwise cooperating with the receiver 910, the transmitter 912, or both. For example, the communication manager 904 may receive information from the receiver 910, send information to the transmitter 912, or be integrated with the receiver 910, the transmitter 912, or both to receive information, send information, or perform various other operations described herein. Although the communication manager 904 is shown as a separate component, in some implementations, one or more functions described with reference to the communication manager 904 may be supported or performed by the processor 906, the memory 908, or any combination thereof. For example, the memory 908 may store code that may include instructions executable by the processor 906 to cause the device 902 to perform various aspects of the present disclosure described herein, or the processor 906 and the memory 908 may be otherwise configured to perform or support such operations.

[0065] For example, the communication manager 904 can support wireless communication and / or network signaling at a device (e.g., device 902, UE) according to examples disclosed herein. The communication manager 904 and / or other device components can be configured to or otherwise support an apparatus (e.g., UE), including a transceiver; a processor coupled to the transceiver, the processor and the transceiver being configured to cause the apparatus to: receive signaling from a base station, the signaling indicating a mapping of a TCI to an OAM mode for a reflected signal transmission from a RIS; and receive a reflected signal transmission from the RIS according to the OAM mode.

[0066] In addition, the device (e.g., UE) includes any one or a combination of the following: signaling from a base station indicates a mapping of TCI to multiple OAM modes, and the multiple OAM modes are associated with RIS configurations for the multiple OAM modes. The signaling configures the device to receive multiple data transmissions with multiple OAM modes using different TCI states associated with corresponding different RISs. The signaling configures the device to send multiple data transmissions with multiple OAM modes using different TCI states associated with corresponding different RISs. The signaling configures the device with one or more OAM modes for at least one of receiving or sending data transmissions, and the one or more OAM modes are mapped to TCI states, and each TCI state is associated with a RIS. The signaling configures the device to report one or more RSRP reports, each report corresponding to an OAM mode associated with a RIS. The processor and the transceiver are configured to cause the device to send one or more RSRP reports, each report corresponding to an OAM mode associated with a RIS.

[0067] The communication manager 904 and / or other device components may be configured to or otherwise support components for wireless communication and / or network signaling at the UE, including receiving signaling from a base station indicating a mapping of a TCI to an OAM mode for reflected signal transmission from a RIS; and receiving reflected signal transmission from the RIS according to the OAM mode.

[0068] In addition, the wireless communication and / or network signaling at the UE includes any one or combination of the following: signaling from the base station indicates a mapping of TCI to multiple OAM modes, and the multiple OAM modes are associated with the configuration of RIS for the multiple OAM modes. The signaling configures the UE to receive multiple data transmissions with multiple OAM modes using different TCI states associated with corresponding different RIS. The signaling configures the UE to send multiple data transmissions with multiple OAM modes using different TCI states associated with corresponding different RIS. The signaling configures the UE with one or more OAM modes for at least one of receiving or sending data transmissions, and the one or more OAM modes are mapped to TCI states, and each TCI state is associated with a RIS. The signaling configures the UE to report one or more RSRP reports, each report corresponding to an OAM mode associated with a RIS. The method also includes sending one or more RSRP reports, each report corresponding to an OAM mode associated with a RIS.

[0069] In another example, the communication manager 904 can support wireless communication and / or network signaling at a device (e.g., device 902, RIS) according to the examples disclosed herein. The communication manager 904 and / or other device components can be configured as or otherwise support an apparatus such as a RIS, including a transceiver; a processor coupled to the transceiver, the processor and the transceiver being configured to cause the apparatus to: receive first signaling from a base station, the first signaling indicating a first configuration of the apparatus for an OAM mode; and send a reflected signal transmission to a UE according to the OAM mode.

[0070] In addition, the device (e.g., RIS) includes any one or combination of the following: a processor, and a transceiver, the transceiver being configured to cause the device to receive a second signaling indicating a second configuration for a plurality of OAM modes. The second configuration includes: a list of OAM mode numbers associated with a plurality of OAM modes to be generated by the device, the OAM mode numbers generated by the device being based at least in part on the first signaling indicating the OAM mode. The second configuration includes: a list of OAM mode numbers associated with a plurality of OAM modes to be generated by the device; and configuration information for mapping one or more of the plurality of OAM modes to one of a plurality of spatial directions, the plurality of spatial directions being configured to utilize different OAM modes of the plurality of OAM modes for data transmission with a plurality of UEs. The first configuration includes one or more of the following: phase, amplitude, or element state of one or more RIS elements to configure the device for an OAM mode for transmission of a reflection signal. The first configuration includes: a mode number of an OAM mode for signal transmission from the base station, and a mode number of an OAM mode for reflected signal transmission through the device, the first configuration including one or more of the following items: phase, amplitude, or element state of one or more RIS elements to change the OAM mode of reflected signal transmission.

[0071] The communication manager 904 and / or other device components may be configured to or otherwise support components for wireless communication and / or network signaling at the RIS, including receiving first signaling from a base station indicating a first configuration of the RIS for an OAM mode; and sending a reflected signal transmission to the UE according to the OAM mode.

[0072] In addition, the wireless communication and / or network signaling at the RIS includes any one or a combination of the following: receiving a second signaling indicating a second configuration for a plurality of OAM modes. The second configuration includes: a list of OAM mode numbers associated with a plurality of OAM modes to be generated by the RIS, the OAM mode numbers generated by the RIS being based at least in part on the first signaling indicating the OAM mode. The second configuration includes: a list of OAM mode numbers associated with a plurality of OAM modes to be generated by the RIS; and configuration information for mapping one or more of the plurality of OAM modes to one of a plurality of spatial directions, the plurality of spatial directions being configured to utilize different OAM modes of the plurality of OAM modes for data transmission with a plurality of UEs. The first configuration includes one or more of the following: phase, amplitude, or element states of one or more RIS elements to configure the RIS for an OAM mode for transmission of a reflected signal. The first configuration includes: a mode number of an OAM mode for transmission of a signal from a base station, and a mode number of an OAM mode for transmission of a reflected signal through the RIS. The first configuration includes one or more of the following: phase, amplitude, or element states of one or more RIS elements to change the OAM mode for transmission of a reflected signal.

[0073] The processor 906 may include an intelligent hardware device (e.g., a general purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, a microcontroller, an ASIC, an FPGA, a programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic component, a discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof). In some implementations, the processor 906 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In some other implementations, the memory controller may be integrated into the processor 906. The processor 906 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory (e.g., a memory 908) to cause the device 902 to perform various functions of the present disclosure.

[0074] The memory 908 may include random access memory (RAM) and read-only memory (ROM). The memory 908 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code, including instructions, which, when executed by the processor 906, cause the device 902 to perform various functions described herein. The code may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium, such as a system memory or another type of memory. In some implementations, the code may not be directly executed by the processor 906, but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform the functions described herein. In some implementations, the memory 908 may include a basic I / O system (BIOS), etc., which may control basic hardware or software operations, such as interaction with peripheral components or devices.

[0075] The I / O controller 914 can manage input and output signals for the device 902. The I / O controller 914 can also manage peripheral devices that are not integrated into the device 902. In some implementations, the I / O controller 914 can represent a physical connection or port to an external peripheral device. In some implementations, the I / O controller 914 can utilize an operating system, such as

[0076] Or another known operating system. In some implementations, the I / O controller 914 can be implemented as part of a processor, such as a part of the processor 906. In some implementations, a user can interact with the device 902 via the I / O controller 914 or via hardware components controlled by the I / O controller 914.

[0077] In some implementations, the device 902 may include a single antenna 916. However, in some other implementations, the device 902 may have more than one antenna 916, which may be capable of simultaneously sending or receiving multiple wireless transmissions. The receiver 910 and the transmitter 912 may communicate bidirectionally via one or more antennas 916, wired or wireless links as described herein. For example, the receiver 910 and the transmitter 912 may represent a wireless transceiver and may communicate bidirectionally with another wireless transceiver. The transceiver may also include a modem to modulate data packets, provide the modulated data packets to one or more antennas 916 for transmission, and demodulate data packets received from one or more antennas 916.

[0078] Fig.10 An example of a block diagram 1000 of a device 1002 supporting RIS configuration for OAM according to aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The device 1002 may be an example of a base station 102 (e.g., a gNB) described herein. The device 1002 may support wireless communications and / or network signaling with one or more base stations 102, UEs 104, RIS 116, core network devices and functions (e.g., core network 106), or any combination thereof. The device 1002 may include components for bidirectional communication, including components for sending and receiving communications, such as a communication manager 1004, a processor 1006, a memory 1008, a receiver 1010, a transmitter 1012, and an I / O controller 1014. These components may be in electronic communication or otherwise coupled (e.g., operationally, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more interfaces (e.g., a bus).

[0079] The communication manager 1004, the receiver 1010, the transmitter 1012, or various combinations thereof, or various components thereof may be examples of means for performing various aspects of the present disclosure described herein. For example, the communication manager 1004, the receiver 1010, the transmitter 1012, or various combinations or components thereof may support methods for performing one or more functions described herein.

[0080] In some implementations, the communication manager 1004, the receiver 1010, the transmitter 1012, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g., in a communication management circuit system). The hardware may include a processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof, which are configured to or otherwise support means for performing the functions described in the present disclosure. In some implementations, the processor 1006, and a memory 1008 coupled to the processor 1006, may be configured to perform one or more functions described herein (e.g., by instructions stored in the memory 1008 executed by the processor 1006).

[0081] Additionally or alternatively, in some implementations, the communication manager 1004, the receiver 1010, the transmitter 1012, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in code (e.g., as communication management software or firmware) executed by the processor 1006. If implemented in code executed by the processor 1006, the functionality of the communication manager 1004, the receiver 1010, the transmitter 1012, or various combinations or components thereof may be performed by a general purpose processor, a DSP, a central processing unit (CPU), an ASIC, an FPGA, or any combination of these or other programmable logic devices (e.g., components configured or otherwise supported for performing the functionality described in the present disclosure).

[0082] In some implementations, the communication manager 1004 may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receive, listen, send) using or otherwise cooperating with the receiver 1010, the transmitter 1012, or both. For example, the communication manager 1004 may receive information from the receiver 1010, send information to the transmitter 1012, or combine the receiver 1010, the transmitter 1012, or both to receive information, send information, or perform various other operations described herein. Although the communication manager 1004 is shown as a separate component, in some implementations, one or more functions described with reference to the communication manager 1004 may be supported or performed by the processor 1006, the memory 1008, or any combination thereof. For example, the memory 1008 may store code that may include instructions executed by the processor 1006 to cause the device 1002 to perform various aspects of the present disclosure described herein, or the processor 1006 and the memory 1008 may be otherwise configured to perform or support such operations.

[0083] For example, the communication manager 1004 can support wireless communication and / or network signaling at a device (e.g., device 1002, base station) according to examples disclosed herein. The communication manager 1004 and / or other device components can be configured as or otherwise support an apparatus (e.g., base station), including a transceiver; a processor coupled to the transceiver, the processor and the transceiver being configured to cause the apparatus to: send a first signaling to the RIS, the first signaling indicating a first configuration of an OAM mode for transmission of a reflected signal from the RIS; and send a second signaling to the UE indicating a mapping of a TCI to an OAM mode.

[0084] In addition, the device (e.g., a base station) includes any one or combination of the following: the processor and the transceiver are configured to cause the device to send a third signaling indicating a second configuration to a RIS for multiple OAM modes; and send a second signaling indicating a mapping of TCI to multiple OAM modes to a UE. The second configuration includes a list of OAM mode numbers associated with multiple OAM modes, and the OAM mode number is at least partially based on the first signaling indicating the OAM mode. The second configuration includes: a list of OAM mode numbers associated with multiple OAM modes to be generated by the RIS; and configuration information for mapping one or more OAM modes in the multiple OAM modes to one of multiple spatial directions, and the multiple spatial directions are configured to use different OAM modes in the multiple OAM modes for data transmission with multiple UEs. The second signaling configures the UE to receive multiple data transmissions with multiple OAM modes using different TCI states associated with corresponding different RIS. The second signaling configures the UE to send multiple data transmissions with multiple OAM modes using different TCI states associated with corresponding different RIS. The first configuration includes one or more of the following items: phase, amplitude, or element state of one or more RIS elements to configure the RIS for the OAM mode of reflected signal transmission. The first configuration includes: the mode number of the OAM mode for signal transmission from the device, and the mode number of the OAM mode of reflected signal transmission through the RIS. The first configuration includes one or more of the following items: phase, amplitude, or element state of one or more RIS elements to change the OAM mode of reflected signal transmission. The second signaling configures the UE to be used together with one or more OAM modes for receiving or sending at least one of data transmission, and the one or more OAM modes are mapped to TCI states, and each TCI state is associated with the RIS. The second signaling configures the UE to report one or more RSRP reports, each report corresponding to an OAM mode associated with the RIS. The processor and the transceiver are configured to cause the device to receive one or more RSRP reports from the UE, each report corresponding to an OAM mode associated with the RIS.

[0085] The communication manager 1004 and / or other device components may be configured to or otherwise support components for wireless communication and / or network signaling at a base station, including: sending a first signaling to a RIS indicating a first configuration of an OAM mode for transmission of a reflected signal from the RIS; and sending a second signaling to a UE indicating a mapping of a TCI to an OAM mode.

[0086] In addition, the wireless communication at the base station includes any one or a combination of the following: sending a third signaling indicating a second configuration to a RIS for multiple OAM modes; and sending a second signaling indicating a mapping of TCI to multiple OAM modes to a UE. The second configuration includes: a list of OAM mode numbers associated with multiple OAM modes, the OAM mode numbers being based at least in part on the first signaling indicating the OAM mode. The second configuration includes: a list of OAM mode numbers associated with multiple OAM modes to be generated by the RIS; and configuration information for mapping one or more OAM modes in the multiple OAM modes to one of multiple spatial directions, the multiple spatial directions being configured to use different OAM modes in the multiple OAM modes for data transmission with multiple UEs. The second signaling configures the UE to receive multiple data transmissions with multiple OAM modes using different TCI states associated with corresponding different RISs. The second signaling configures the UE to send multiple data transmissions with multiple OAM modes using different TCI states associated with corresponding different RISs. The first configuration includes one or more of the following: phase, amplitude, or element states of one or more RIS elements to configure the RIS for the OAM mode of reflected signal transmission. The first configuration includes: a mode number of an OAM mode for signal transmission from a base station, and a mode number of an OAM mode for reflected signal transmission by a RIS. The first configuration includes one or more of the following items: phase, amplitude, or element state of one or more RIS elements to change the OAM mode of reflected signal transmission. The second signaling configures the UE using one or more OAM modes for at least one item of receiving or sending data, and the one or more OAM modes are mapped to TCI states, and each TCI state is associated with a RIS. The second signaling configures the UE to report one or more RSRP reports, each report corresponding to an OAM mode associated with a RIS. The method also includes: receiving one or more RSRP reports from the UE, each report corresponding to an OAM mode associated with a RIS.

[0087] The processor 1006 may include an intelligent hardware device (e.g., a general purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, a microcontroller, an ASIC, an FPGA, a programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic component, a discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof). In some implementations, the processor 1006 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In some other implementations, the memory controller may be integrated into the processor 1006. The processor 1006 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory (e.g., memory 1008) to cause the device 1002 to perform various functions of the present disclosure.

[0088] The memory 1008 may include random access memory (RAM) and read-only memory (ROM). The memory 1008 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code, including instructions, which, when executed by the processor 1006, cause the device 1002 to perform various functions described herein. The code may be stored in a non-temporary computer-readable medium, such as a system memory or another type of memory. In some implementations, the code may not be directly executed by the processor 1006, but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform the functions described herein. In some implementations, the memory 1008 may include a basic I / O system (BIOS), etc., which may control basic hardware or software operations, such as interaction with peripheral components or devices.

[0089] The I / O controller 1014 can manage input and output signals for the device 1002. The I / O controller 1014 can also manage peripheral devices that are not integrated into the device 1002. In some implementations, the I / O controller 1014 can represent a physical connection or port to an external peripheral device. In some implementations, the I / O controller 1014 can utilize an operating system, such as

[0090] Or other known operating systems. In some implementations, the I / O controller 1014 can be implemented as part of a processor, such as a part of the processor 1006. In some implementations, a user can interact with the device 1002 via the I / O controller 1014 or via hardware components controlled by the I / O controller 1014.

[0091] In some implementations, the device 1002 may include a single antenna 1016. However, in some other implementations, the device 1002 may have more than one antenna 1016, which may be capable of simultaneously sending or receiving multiple wireless transmissions. The receiver 1010 and the transmitter 1012 may communicate bidirectionally via one or more antennas 1016, wired or wireless links as described herein. For example, the receiver 1010 and the transmitter 1012 may represent a wireless transceiver and may communicate bidirectionally with another wireless transceiver. The transceiver may also include a modem to modulate data packets, provide the modulated data packets to one or more antennas 1016 for transmission, and demodulate data packets received from one or more antennas 1016.

[0092] Fig.11 1 shows a flow chart of a method 1100 for supporting RIS configuration for OAM according to aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 1100 may be performed by a device or a component thereof (e.g., referring to Figures 1 to 10The described UE 104) is implemented and executed. In some implementations, the device can execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the device to perform the described functions. Additionally or alternatively, the device can use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the described functions.

[0093] At 1102, the method may include: receiving signaling from a base station indicating a mapping of a TCI to an OAM mode for transmission of a reflected signal from a RIS. The operations of 1102 may be performed according to the examples described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1102 may be described with reference to Figure 1 The described device performs.

[0094] At 1104, the method may include receiving a reflected signal transmission from the RIS according to the OAM mode. The operations of 1104 may be performed according to the examples described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1104 may be described in detail with reference to Figure 1 The described device performs.

[0095] At 1106, the method may include sending one or more RSRP reports, each report corresponding to an OAM mode associated with the RIS. The operations of 1106 may be performed according to the examples described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1106 may be described with reference to Figure 1 The described device performs.

[0096] Fig.12 1 shows a flow chart of a method 1200 for supporting RIS configuration for OAM according to aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 1200 may be performed by a device or a component thereof (e.g., referring to Figures 1 to 10 The described RIS116) is implemented and executed. In some implementations, the device can execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the device to perform the described functions. Additionally or alternatively, the device can use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the described functions.

[0097] At 1202, the method may include: receiving first signaling from a base station, the first signaling indicating a first configuration of a RIS for an OAM mode. The operations of 1202 may be performed according to the examples described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1202 may be described with reference to Figure 1 The described device performs.

[0098] At 1204, the method may include: sending a reflected signal transmission to the UE according to the OAM mode. The operations of 1204 may be performed according to the examples described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1204 may be described in detail with reference to Figure 1 The described device performs.

[0099] At 1206, the method may include receiving second signaling from the base station indicating a second configuration for the plurality of OAM modes. The operations of 1206 may be performed according to the examples described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1206 may be described with reference to Figure 1 The described device performs.

[0100] Fig.13 1 is a flow chart of a method 1300 for supporting RIS configuration for OAM according to aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 1300 may be performed by a device or a component thereof (e.g., referring to Figures 1 to 10 The described base station 102) is implemented and executed. In some implementations, the device can execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the device to perform the described functions. Additionally or alternatively, the device can use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the described functions.

[0101] At 1302, the method may include: sending first signaling to the RIS, the first signaling indicating a first configuration of an OAM mode for transmission of a reflected signal from the RIS. The operations of 1302 may be performed according to the examples described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1302 may be described with reference to Figure 1 The described device performs.

[0102] At 1304, the method may include: sending a second signaling to the UE indicating a mapping of the TCI to the OAM mode. The operations of 1304 may be performed according to the examples described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1304 may be described in detail in the context of FIG. Figure 1 The described device performs.

[0103] Fig.14 1400 is a flowchart of a method 1400 for supporting RIS configuration for OAM according to aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 1400 may be performed by a device or a component thereof (e.g., referring to Figures 1 to 10 The described base station 102) is implemented and executed. In some implementations, the device can execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the device to perform the described functions. Additionally or alternatively, the device can use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the described functions.

[0104] At 1402, the method may include sending third signaling indicating a second configuration to a RIS for a plurality of OAM modes. The operations of 1402 may be performed according to the examples described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1402 may be described with reference to Figure 1 The described device performs.

[0105] At 1404, the method may include: sending a second signaling to the UE indicating a mapping of the TCI to a plurality of OAM modes. The operations of 1404 may be performed according to the examples described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1404 may be described with reference to Figure 1 The described device performs.

[0106] At 1406, the method may include: receiving one or more RSRP reports from the UE, each report corresponding to an OAM mode associated with the RIS. The operations of 1406 may be performed according to the examples described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1406 may be described with reference to Figure 1 The described device performs.

[0107] It should be noted that the methods described herein describe possible implementations, and the operations and steps may be rearranged or otherwise modified, and other implementations are possible. In addition, aspects from two or more methods may be combined. The order in which the methods are described should not be considered limiting, and any number or combination of the described method operations may be performed in any order to perform the method or an alternative method.

[0108] The various illustrative blocks and components described with respect to the disclosure herein may be implemented or executed using a general purpose processor, a DSP, an ASIC, a CPU, an FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in an alternative, the processor may be any processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. The processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices (e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, a combination of one or more microprocessors with a DSP core, or any other such configuration).

[0109] The functions described herein may be implemented in hardware, software executed by a processor, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software executed by a processor, the function may be stored on or sent via a computer-readable medium as one or more instructions or codes. Other examples and implementations are within the scope of this disclosure and the appended claims. For example, due to the nature of software, the functions described herein may be implemented using software executed by a processor, hardware, firmware, hardwiring, or any combination thereof. Features that implement the functions may also be physically located in a variety of locations, including distributed, such that parts of the functions are implemented in different physical locations.

[0110] Computer readable media include both non-transient computer storage media and communication media, including any medium that is convenient for transferring a computer program from one platform to another platform. Non-transient storage media can be any available medium that can be accessed by a general or special-purpose computer. By way of example, and not limitation, non-transient computer readable media can include RAM, ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), flash memory, compact disk (CD) ROM or other optical disk storage, disk storage or other magnetic storage device, or can be used for carrying or storing required program code components in the form of instructions or data structures, and any other non-transient medium that can be accessed by a general or special-purpose computer or a general or special-purpose processor.

[0111] Any connection may be appropriately referred to as a computer-readable medium. For example, if a coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL), or wireless technology (such as infrared, radio, and microwave) is used to send software from a website, server, or other remote source, then the coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technology (such as infrared, radio, and microwave) is included in the definition of computer-readable medium. Disks and optical disks as used herein include CDs, laser discs, optical disks, digital versatile discs (DVDs), floppy disks, and Blu-ray discs, where disks typically reproduce data magnetically, while optical disks reproduce data optically using lasers. Combinations of the above are also included within the scope of computer-readable media.

[0112] As used herein, including in the claims, or as used in a list of items (e.g., a list of items beginning with a phrase such as "at least one" or "one or more"), an indicative inclusive enumeration, for example, a list of at least one of A, B, or C means A or B or C, or AB or AC or BC, or ABC (i.e., A and B and C). Similarly, a list of one or more of A, B, or C means A or B or C, or AB or AC or BC, or ABC (i.e., A and B and C). In addition, as used herein, the phrase "based on" should not be interpreted as a reference to a closed set of conditions. For example, an example step described as "based on condition A" can be based on both condition A and condition B without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. In other words, as used herein, the phrase "based on" should be interpreted in the same manner as the phrase "based at least in part on". In addition, as used herein, including in the claims, a "set" may include one or more elements.

[0113] The descriptions set forth herein in conjunction with the accompanying drawings describe example configurations, and do not represent that all examples can be implemented or that all examples are within the scope of the claims. The term "example" as used herein means "used as an example, instance, or illustration," rather than "preferred" or "superior to other examples." The detailed description includes specific details for the purpose of providing an understanding of the described techniques. However, these techniques may be practiced without these specific details. In some cases, known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form to avoid obscuring the concepts of the described examples.

[0114] The description herein is provided to enable persons with ordinary skills in the art to make or use the present disclosure. Various modifications to the present disclosure will be apparent to persons with ordinary skills in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the present disclosure is not limited to the examples and designs described herein, but should be given the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A device comprising: Transceiver; a processor coupled to the transceiver, the processor and the transceiver being configured to cause the apparatus to: sending a first signaling to a reconfigurable smart surface (RIS), the first signaling indicating a first configuration of an orbital angular momentum (OAM) mode for transmission of a reflected signal from the RIS; as well as Second signaling indicating mapping of a transmission configuration indicator (TCI) to the OAM mode is sent to a user equipment (UE).

2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the processor and the transceiver are configured to cause the apparatus to: sending third signaling indicating a second configuration to the RIS for a plurality of OAM modes; and The second signaling indicating the mapping of the TCI to the multiple OAM modes is sent to the UE.

3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the second configuration comprises: A list of OAM mode numbers associated with the plurality of OAM modes, the OAM mode numbers being based at least in part on the first signaling indicating the OAM mode.

4. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the second configuration comprises: a list of OAM mode numbers associated with the plurality of OAM modes to be generated by the RIS; as well as One or more OAM modes among the multiple OAM modes are mapped to configuration information of one spatial direction among multiple spatial directions, and the multiple spatial directions are configured to perform data transmission with multiple UEs using different OAM modes among the multiple OAM modes.

5. The apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the second signaling configures the UE to at least one of the following items: receiving a plurality of data transmissions having the plurality of OAM modes using different TCI states associated with respective different RISs; or A plurality of data transmissions having the plurality of OAM modes are sent using the different TCI states associated with the respective different RISs.

6. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first configuration comprises one or more of: a phase, an amplitude, or an element state of one or more RIS elements to at least configure the RIS for the OAM mode of the reflected signal transmission, or to change the OAM mode of the reflected signal transmission.

7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first configuration comprises: A first mode number for the OAM mode of a signal transmitted from the device, and a second mode number for the OAM mode of the reflected signal transmitted by the RIS.

8. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the second signaling configures the UE using one or more OAM modes for at least one of receiving or sending data transmission, and the one or more OAM modes are mapped to TCI states, and each TCI state is associated with the RIS.

9. The device according to claim 1, wherein: The second signaling configures the UE to report one or more reference signal received power (RSRP) reports, each report corresponding to an OAM mode associated with the RIS; as well as The processor and the transceiver are configured to cause the apparatus to receive the one or more RSRP reports from the UE, each report corresponding to the OAM mode associated with the RIS.

10. An apparatus comprising: Transceiver; a processor coupled to the transceiver, the processor and the transceiver being configured to cause the apparatus to: receiving first signaling from a base station, the first signaling indicating a first configuration of the apparatus for an orbital angular momentum (OAM) mode; and A reflected signal transmission is sent to a user equipment (UE) according to the OAM mode. 11 . The apparatus of claim 10 , wherein the processor and the transceiver are configured to cause the apparatus to receive second signaling indicating a second configuration for a plurality of OAM modes.

12. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the second configuration comprises: A list of OAM mode numbers associated with the plurality of OAM modes to be generated by the apparatus, the OAM mode numbers generated by the apparatus being based at least in part on the first signaling indicating the OAM modes.

13. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the second configuration comprises: a list of OAM mode numbers associated with the plurality of OAM modes to be generated by the apparatus; as well as One or more OAM modes among the multiple OAM modes are mapped to configuration information of one spatial direction among multiple spatial directions, and the multiple spatial directions are configured to perform data transmission with multiple UEs using different OAM modes among the multiple OAM modes.

14. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the first configuration comprises one or more of: phase, amplitude, or element state of one or more RIS elements to at least configure the apparatus for the OAM mode of transmission of the reflected signal, or to change the OAM mode of transmission of the reflected signal.

15. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the first configuration comprises: A first mode number of the OAM mode for signal transmission from the base station, and a second mode number of the OAM mode for the reflected signal transmission by the device.

16. An apparatus comprising: Transceiver; a processor coupled to the transceiver, the processor and the transceiver being configured to cause the apparatus to: receiving signaling from a base station indicating a mapping of a transmission configuration indicator (TCI) to an orbital angular momentum (OAM) pattern for transmission of a reflected signal from a reconfigurable smart surface (RIS); as well as The reflected signal transmission is received from the RIS according to the OAM mode.

17. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the signaling from the base station indicates the mapping of the TCI to a plurality of OAM modes, the plurality of OAM modes being associated with a configuration of the RIS for the plurality of OAM modes.

18. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein the signaling configures the apparatus to at least one of: receiving a plurality of data transmissions having the plurality of OAM modes using different TCI states associated with respective different RISs; or A plurality of data transmissions having the plurality of OAM modes are sent using the different TCI states associated with the respective different RISs.

19. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the signaling configures the apparatus using one or more OAM modes for at least one of receiving or sending data transmission, and the one or more OAM modes are mapped to TCI states, and each TCI state is associated with the RIS.

20. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein: The signaling configures the apparatus to report one or more reference signal received power (RSRP) reports, each report corresponding to an OAM mode associated with the RIS; and The processor and the transceiver are configured to cause the apparatus to transmit the one or more RSRP reports, each report corresponding to the OAM mode associated with the RIS.

Images