Method and device for extracting groundwater migration pathway properties

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of groundwater migration channel attribute extraction method and device.Therein, the method includes: in the process of seismic exploration, obtaining seismic migration data and the velocity data of seismic wave propagation in underground medium;Determine the migration dip of migration reflected wave in migration profile according to seismic migration data;Determine the de-migration dip of reflected wave in de-migration profile according to the migration dip of migration reflected wave in migration profile and velocity data;Along the direction of de-migration dip, the reflected wave in target seismic data is filtered and processed, to extract the diffraction wave in target seismic data;Determine the diffraction attribute of diffraction wave, wherein, diffraction attribute refers to the seismic response characteristics when diffraction occurs to seismic wave in underground discontinuous geological interface.The application solves the technical problem that it is difficult to observe groundwater migration channel in related technology due to the attribute of diffraction wave being difficult to be directly extracted.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of channel attribute extraction of seismic exploration, in particular to a groundwater migration channel attribute extraction method and device. BACKGROUND

[0002] The diffraction wave field is a performance characteristic of the underground geological discontinuity in the seismic record, and thus the imaging result can directly reflect the discontinuity. However, the diffraction wave energy is relatively weak compared with the reflected wave energy, and the difference is generally one to two orders of magnitude. This makes the diffraction wave imaging result be covered by the reflected event in the conventional imaging profile, and the performance is not obvious, which is difficult to be directly used for discontinuity interpretation.

[0003] In view of the problem in the above related technologies that the attribute of the diffraction wave is difficult to be directly extracted, resulting in difficulty in observing the groundwater migration channel, no effective solution has been proposed at present. SUMMARY

[0004] The embodiments of the present application provide a groundwater migration channel attribute extraction method and device, to at least solve the technical problem in the related art that the attribute of the diffraction wave is difficult to be directly extracted, resulting in difficulty in observing the groundwater migration channel.

[0005] According to an aspect of the embodiments of the present application, there is provided a method for extracting groundwater migration channel attribute, comprising: obtaining seismic migration data and velocity data of seismic wave propagation in underground medium in the process of seismic exploration, wherein the seismic migration data is data obtained by processing seismic data, and the seismic data is data formed by detected seismic wave in the process of seismic exploration; determining migration dip angle of migration reflected wave in migration profile according to the seismic migration data, wherein the migration profile is first image data obtained by visualizing the seismic migration data, the migration reflected wave is migration reflected wave formed by the reflected wave in the seismic data after migration processing, and the reflected wave is reflected wave formed by reflection of the seismic wave when the seismic wave meets different medium in underground interface; determining reverse migration dip angle of the reflected wave in reverse migration profile according to the migration dip angle of the migration reflected wave in the migration profile and the velocity data, wherein the reverse migration profile is second image data obtained by visualizing target seismic data, and the target seismic data is data obtained by reverse migration processing on the seismic migration data; filtering the reflected wave in the target seismic data along the direction of the reverse migration dip angle to extract diffraction wave in the target seismic data, wherein the diffraction wave is diffraction wave formed by scattering of the seismic wave when the seismic wave meets irregular geological interface in underground; determining diffraction attribute of the diffraction wave, wherein the diffraction attribute is seismic response characteristic of the diffraction wave when the seismic wave is diffracted in underground discontinuous geological interface, and is used for representing groundwater migration channel.

[0006] Optionally, determining the migration dip angle of the migration reflected wave in the migration profile according to the seismic migration data comprises: determining the migration dip angle of the migration reflected wave in the migration profile according to the seismic migration data by using Hilbert transform according to a first formula, wherein the first formula is: p m wherein p represents the migration dip angle, I represents the seismic migration data, respectively represent components of two-dimensional Hilbert transform in x m directions, respectively represent components of two-dimensional Hilbert transform in t m directions, x m represents a first horizontal coordinate in migration space, t m represents first travel time information in the migration space, and ε represents a minimum positive number used for improving solving stability, the first horizontal coordinate is used for representing first relative position of seismic wave source and seismic detector on the ground surface in the migration space, and the first travel time information represents time required for the seismic wave to propagate from the seismic wave source to the seismic detector in the migration space.

[0007] Optionally, before determining the reverse migration dip angle of the reflected wave in the reverse migration profile according to the migration dip angle of the migration reflected wave in the migration profile and the velocity data, the underground water migration channel attribute extraction method further comprises: performing reverse migration processing on the seismic migration data according to a second formula to obtain the target seismic data, wherein the second formula is: M(x, t) = ∫I(x m ,t m )δ(t m -t d (x,t,x m ))dt m dx m , M(x, t) represents the target seismic data, I(x m ,t m ) represents the seismic migration data, x represents a second horizontal coordinate in a reverse migration space, t represents second travel time information in the reverse migration space, the second horizontal coordinate is used to represent a second relative position of a seismic wave source and a seismic receiver on the ground surface in the reverse migration space, the second travel time information refers to a time required for the seismic wave to propagate from the seismic wave source to the seismic receiver in the reverse migration space, δ(t m -t d (x, t, x m )) represents a Dirac function, t d (x, t, x m ) represents an isochronous surface defined by (x, t) and imaging point coordinates, the isochronous surface refers to a surface formed by all imaging points having the same arrival time in the process of seismic wave propagation, and the imaging point is a position to which the seismic wave is reflected on the ground surface; and the target seismic data is visually presented to obtain the reverse migration profile.

[0008] Optionally, determining the reverse migration dip angle of the reflected wave in the reverse migration profile according to the migration dip angle of the migration reflected wave in the migration profile and the velocity data comprises: determining the reverse migration dip angle of the reflected wave in the reverse migration profile according to the migration dip angle of the migration reflected wave in the migration profile and the velocity data by using a third formula, wherein the third formula is: p represents the reverse migration dip angle, and v represents the velocity data.

[0009] Optionally, the filtering processing of the reflected wave in the target seismic data along the direction in which the reverse migration dip angle is located to extract the diffracted wave in the target seismic data comprises: filtering processing of the reflected wave in the target seismic data along the direction in which the reverse migration dip angle is located to extract the diffracted wave in the target seismic data by using a fourth formula, wherein the fourth formula is: D(x, t) represents a diffraction wave signal data of the diffraction wave, i represents a label of a current seismic trace, n represents a trace window of mean filtering, Δx i represents a displacement amount when the reflected wave in the target seismic data is filtered along a direction where the reverse migration dip angle is located, Δt i represents a time shift amount when the reflected wave in the target seismic data is filtered along a direction where the reverse migration dip angle is located.

[0010] Optionally, the diffraction attribute of the diffraction wave is determined by using a fifth formula based on the seismic migration data, wherein the fifth formula is: C(x m , t m , θ m ) = ∫D(x, t)δ(t-t′ d (x, x m , t m ))δ(θ m - θ(x, x m , t m ))dtdx, C(x m , t m , θ m ) represents the common imaging point gather, θ m represents an illumination angle, t′ d (x, x m , t m ) represents a travel time from x to (x m , t m ), θ(x, x m , t m ) represents the illumination angle from x to (x m , t m ), the travel time represents a time required for the seismic wave to propagate from a seismic wave source to a specific imaging point, the illumination angle refers to an incident angle of the seismic wave from an underground reflection point to the ground, and the common imaging point gather refers to a group of data formed by the seismic data having the same imaging point in a seismic migration process; and a sixth formula is used to determine the diffraction attribute of the diffraction wave based on the common imaging point gather, wherein the sixth formula is: S(x m , t0) represents the diffraction attribute, A represents a time window scale, N represents a number of the illumination angles, θ max represents a maximum illumination angle, and t0 represents a time when a current imaging point reaches the ground.

[0011] Optionally, after the diffraction attribute of the diffracted wave is determined, the underground water migration channel attribute extraction method further comprises: analyzing and processing the diffraction attribute of the diffracted wave to obtain the underground water migration channel, wherein the underground water migration channel is used to explore the migration mode of underground water.

[0012] According to another aspect of the embodiment of the present application, there is also provided an underground water migration channel attribute extraction device, comprising: a first acquisition unit, configured to acquire seismic migration data and velocity data of seismic wave propagation in underground medium in the process of seismic exploration, wherein the seismic migration data is data obtained by processing seismic data, and the seismic data refers to data formed by detected seismic wave in the process of seismic exploration; a first determination unit, configured to determine migration dip angle of migration reflected wave in migration profile according to the seismic migration data, wherein the migration profile refers to first image data obtained by visualizing the seismic migration data, the migration reflected wave is migration reflected wave formed by the reflected wave in the seismic data after migration processing, and the reflected wave is reflected wave formed by reflection of the seismic wave when the seismic wave encounters different medium at underground interface; a second determination unit, configured to determine reverse migration dip angle of the reflected wave in reverse migration profile according to the migration dip angle of the migration reflected wave in the migration profile and the velocity data, wherein the reverse migration profile refers to second image data obtained by visualizing target seismic data, and the target seismic data is data obtained by reverse migration processing on the seismic migration data; an extraction unit, configured to filter the reflected wave in the target seismic data along the direction of the reverse migration dip angle to extract diffracted wave in the target seismic data, wherein the diffracted wave is diffracted wave formed by scattering of the seismic wave when the seismic wave encounters irregular geological at underground interface; and a third determination unit, configured to determine diffraction attribute of the diffracted wave, wherein the diffraction attribute refers to seismic response characteristics of the seismic wave when the seismic wave is diffracted at underground discontinuous geological interface, and is used to represent underground water migration channel.

[0013] Optionally, the first determination unit comprises a first determination module, configured to determine the migration dip angle of the migration reflected wave in the migration profile according to the seismic migration data by using Hilbert transform according to a first formula, wherein the first formula is: p m wherein p represents the migration dip angle, I represents the seismic migration data, respectively represent components of two-dimensional Hilbert transform in x m direction, respectively represent components of two-dimensional Hilbert transform in t m direction, x m represents first horizontal coordinate in migration space, and tm represents first travel time information in the migration space, ε represents a minimum positive number for improving solving stability, the first horizontal coordinate is used for representing a first relative position of a seismic wave source and a seismic detector on the ground surface in the migration space, and the first travel time information indicates a time required for the seismic wave to propagate from the seismic wave source to the seismic detector in the migration space.

[0014] Optionally, the underground groundwater migration channel attribute extraction apparatus further comprises a second acquisition unit configured to perform reverse migration processing on the seismic migration data according to a second formula to obtain the target seismic data before determining the reverse migration dip angle of the reflection wave in the reverse migration profile according to the migration dip angle of the migration reflection wave in the migration profile and the velocity data, where the second formula is: M(x, t) = ∫I(x m ,t m )δ(t m -t d (x,t,x m ))dt m dx m , where M(x, t) represents the target seismic data, I(x m ,t m ) represents the seismic migration data, x represents a second horizontal coordinate in a reverse migration space, t represents second travel time information in the reverse migration space, the second horizontal coordinate is used for representing a second relative position of a seismic wave source and a seismic detector on the ground surface in the reverse migration space, and the second travel time information indicates a time required for the seismic wave to propagate from the seismic wave source to the seismic detector in the reverse migration space, and δ(t m -t d (x, t, x m )) represents a Dirac function, and t d (x, t, x m ) represents an isochrone surface defined by (x, t) and imaging point coordinates, the isochrone surface indicates a surface formed by all the imaging points having the same arrival time in the process of seismic wave propagation, and the imaging point is a position where the seismic wave is reflected to the ground surface; and a third acquisition unit configured to visually present the target seismic data to obtain the reverse migration profile.

[0015] Optionally, the second determination unit comprises a second determination module configured to determine the reverse migration dip angle of the reflection wave in the reverse migration profile according to the migration dip angle of the migration reflection wave in the migration profile and the velocity data by using a third formula, where the third formula is: p represents the reverse migration dip angle, and v represents the velocity data.

[0016] Optionally, the extracting unit comprises an extracting module configured to filter the reflected wave in the target seismic data along a direction in which the reverse migration dip angle is located to extract the diffraction wave in the target seismic data by using a fourth formula, wherein the fourth formula is: D(x, t) represents diffraction wave signal data of the diffraction wave, i represents a label of a current seismic trace, n represents a trace window number of mean filtering, Δx i represents a displacement amount when the reflected wave in the target seismic data is filtered along the direction in which the reverse migration dip angle is located, Δt i represents a time shift amount when the reflected wave in the target seismic data is filtered along the direction in which the reverse migration dip angle is located.

[0017] Optionally, the third determining unit comprises a third determining module configured to determine a common imaging point gather based on the seismic migration data by using a fifth formula, wherein the fifth formula is C(x m , t m , θ m ) = ∫D(x, t)δ(t-t′ d (x, x m , t m ))δ(θ m - θ(x, x m , t m ))dtdx, C(x m , t m , θ m ) represents the common imaging point gather, θ m represents an illumination angle, t′ d (x, x m , t m ) represents a travel time from x to (x m , t m ), θ(x, x m , t m ) represents the illumination angle from x to (x m , t m ), the travel time represents a time required for the seismic wave to propagate from a seismic wave source to a specific imaging point, the illumination angle refers to an incident angle of the seismic wave from an underground reflection point to the ground, and the common imaging point gather refers to a group of data formed by the seismic data having the same imaging point in a seismic migration process; and a fourth determining module configured to determine a diffraction attribute of the diffraction wave according to the common imaging point gather by using a sixth formula, wherein the sixth formula is: S(x m , t0) represents the diffraction attribute, A represents a time window scale, N represents a number of the illumination angles, and θ maxrepresents the maximum illumination angle, and t0 represents the time for the current imaging point to reach the ground.

[0018] Optionally, the underground water migration channel attribute extraction device further comprises a fourth acquisition unit configured to analyze and process the diffraction attribute of the diffraction wave to obtain the underground water migration channel after determining the diffraction attribute of the diffraction wave, wherein the underground water migration channel is used to explore the migration mode of the underground water.

[0019] According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present application, there is also provided an underground water migration channel attribute extraction system using any of the above underground water migration channel attribute extraction methods.

[0020] According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present application, there is also provided a computer readable storage medium comprising a stored program, wherein the program performs any of the above underground water migration channel attribute extraction methods.

[0021] According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present application, there is also provided a processor configured to run a program, wherein the program performs any of the above underground water migration channel attribute extraction methods when running.

[0022] According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present application, there is also provided a computer program product comprising computer instructions configured to perform any of the above underground water migration channel attribute extraction methods when executed by a processor.

[0023] In the embodiment of the present application, in the process of seismic exploration, seismic migration data and velocity data of seismic wave propagation in the underground medium are obtained, wherein the seismic migration data is data obtained by processing seismic data, and the seismic data refers to data formed by the detected seismic wave in the process of seismic exploration; the migration dip angle of the migration reflected wave in the migration profile is determined according to the seismic migration data, wherein the migration profile refers to first image data obtained by visualizing the seismic migration data, and the migration reflected wave is a migration reflected wave formed by the reflected wave in the seismic data after migration processing, and the reflected wave is a reflected wave formed by reflection of the seismic wave when encountering different media at the underground interface; the de-migration dip angle of the reflected wave in the de-migration profile is determined according to the migration dip angle of the migration reflected wave in the migration profile and the velocity data, wherein the de-migration profile refers to second image data obtained by visualizing the target seismic data, and the target seismic data is data obtained by de-migration processing of the seismic migration data; the reflected wave in the target seismic data is filtered along the direction of the de-migration dip angle to extract the diffracted wave in the target seismic data, wherein the diffracted wave is a diffracted wave formed by scattering of the seismic wave when encountering irregular geology at the underground interface; and the diffracted attribute of the diffracted wave is determined, wherein the diffracted attribute refers to the seismic response characteristics of the diffracted wave when the seismic wave diffracts at the underground discontinuous geological interface, and is used to represent the underground water migration channel. Through the above technical scheme, the purpose of determining the dip angle of the reflected wave in the seismic data by calculating the migration dip angle of the reflected wave in the migration profile corresponding to the seismic migration data, filtering out the reflected wave along the dip angle to extract the diffracted wave in the seismic data, and then analyzing and determining the diffracted attribute of the diffracted wave is achieved. The technical effect of extracting the diffracted wave in the seismic data by analyzing the dip angle of the reflected wave in the seismic data through migration and de-migration processing, improving the accuracy of extracting the diffracted wave, laying a foundation for accurate imaging of the underground water migration channel, and further solving the technical problem that the attribute of the diffracted wave is difficult to be directly extracted in the related art, resulting in difficulty in observing the underground water migration channel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0024] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application. In the drawings:

[0025] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a hardware structure block diagram of a mobile terminal of a water migration channel attribute extraction method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 2 FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a water migration channel attribute extraction method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a groundwater migration channel attribute extraction device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of the invention described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0030] As described in the background section, the properties of diffracted waves are difficult to extract directly, making it difficult to observe groundwater migration channels. To address these shortcomings, this invention provides a method and apparatus for extracting the properties of groundwater migration channels.

[0031] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0032] The methods and embodiments provided in this invention can be executed on a mobile terminal, a computer terminal, or a similar computing device. Taking running on a mobile terminal as an example, Figure 1 This is a hardware structure block diagram of a mobile terminal for a method of extracting attributes of underground water transport channels according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, a mobile terminal may include one or more ( Figure 1 Only one is shown in the diagram. A processor 102 (which may include, but is not limited to, a microprocessor MCU or a programmable logic device FPGA, etc.) and a memory 104 for storing data are also shown. The mobile terminal may further include a transmission device 106 for communication functions and an input / output device 108. Those skilled in the art will understand that...Figure 1 The illustrated structure is merely schematic and does not impose a limitation on the structure of the mobile terminal described above. For example, the mobile terminal can further include more or less components than those shown, or have different configurations of the components shown. Figure 1 Figure 1

[0033] The memory 104 is operable to store a computer program, such as a software program of an application and modules, for example, a computer program corresponding to the method for extracting groundwater migration channel property according to an embodiment of the present application. The processor 102 is configured to execute various functions and data processing by running the computer program stored in the memory 104, i.e., to implement the method described above. The memory 104 can include a high-speed random access memory, and further include a nonvolatile memory, such as one or more magnetic storage devices, a flash memory, or other nonvolatile solid-state memories. In some examples, the memory 104 can further include a memory remotely disposed relative to the processor 102, which can be connected to the mobile terminal through a network. Examples of the network include, but are not limited to, the Internet, an intranet, a local area network, a mobile communication network, and a combination thereof. The transmission device 106 is configured to receive or send data via a network. The network can include, for example, a wireless network provided by a communication provider of the mobile terminal. In one example, the transmission device 106 includes a network adapter (NIC), which can be connected to other network devices through a base station to communicate with the Internet. In one example, the transmission device 106 can be a radio frequency (RF) module, which is configured to communicate with the Internet in a wireless manner.

[0034] According to an embodiment of the present application, a method for extracting groundwater migration channel property is provided. It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowchart of the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system, such as a set of computer executable instructions, and although a logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described herein can be executed in an order different from that shown.

[0035] Figure 2 is a flowchart of a method for extracting groundwater migration channel property according to an embodiment of the present application, as shown in Figure 2 The method includes the following steps:

[0036] In step S202, seismic migration data and velocity data of seismic wave propagation in the underground medium are obtained during seismic exploration. The seismic migration data is data obtained by processing seismic data, and the seismic data refers to data formed by detecting seismic waves during seismic exploration.

[0037] ​​In this embodiment, during the process of seismic exploration, seismic migration data obtained by migration processing of seismic data and velocity data of seismic wave propagation in underground medium can be acquired to provide data basis for subsequent analysis of extraction of underground water migration channel attributes.

[0038] Seismic migration is a key technology in seismic exploration, which is used to image the reflected or diffracted waves of seismic wave from the receiving point (such as a seismic detector) to the geological interface underground; in simple terms, it is a method for improving the quality of seismic data and improving the imaging accuracy of underground structure; in seismic exploration, seismic wave is emitted from a seismic source, propagates through underground medium, and reflects or diffracts when encountering an interface (such as a rock boundary); these reflected or diffracted waves are received by a seismic detector, and the original seismic data contain information such as travel time, amplitude and frequency of these reflected or diffracted waves; due to the complexity of underground medium, the wave field in the original data is often affected by various factors, such as the inhomogeneity of wave velocity, the inclination of stratum and faults, etc., resulting in distortion of the wave field; the purpose of seismic migration is to correct these distortions and restore the true form of the wave field, so as to approach the form of the actual geological structure underground.

[0039] Specifically, seismic migration data I(x m ,t m ) and velocity data v(x m ,t m ) can be acquired first, x m represents a first horizontal coordinate in the migration space, t m represents a first travel time information in the migration space, the first horizontal coordinate is used to represent the first relative position of the seismic wave source and the seismic detector on the ground surface in the migration space, and the first travel time information refers to the time required for the seismic wave to propagate from the seismic wave source to the seismic detector in the migration space.

[0040] In step S204, the migration dip angle of the migration reflected wave in the migration profile is determined according to the seismic migration data, wherein the migration profile refers to the first image data obtained by visualizing the seismic migration data, and the migration reflected wave is the migration reflected wave formed by the reflected wave in the seismic data after migration processing of the seismic data, and the reflected wave is the reflected wave formed by the reflection of the seismic wave when encountering different media at the underground interface.

[0041] In the embodiment, since the diffracted wave has hyperbolic characteristics before seismic migration, the diffracted wave converges to a point after the seismic migration of the seismic data, so the diffracted wave has no dip angle in the migration profile of the seismic migration data; the reflected wave does not have such hyperbolic characteristics, so the migration dip angle of the reflected wave can be calculated in the migration profile, and then the seismic migration data is de-migrated to calculate the dip angle of the reflected wave in the seismic data, thereby filtering out the reflected wave in the seismic data to obtain the diffracted wave.

[0042] It should be noted that the migration reflected wave herein represents the reflected wave in the seismic migration data, which only represents that the reflected wave is in a state after seismic migration, and it is actually a reflected wave.

[0043] According to the above embodiment of the present application, in the step S204, the migration dip angle of the migration reflected wave in the migration profile is determined according to the seismic migration data, comprising: determining the migration dip angle of the migration reflected wave in the migration profile according to the seismic migration data by using Hilbert transform according to a first formula, wherein the first formula is: p m represents the migration dip angle, I represents the seismic migration data, respectively represent components of the two-dimensional Hilbert transform in the x m direction, respectively represent components of the two-dimensional Hilbert transform in the t m direction, x m represents a first horizontal coordinate in the migration space, t m represents first travel time information in the migration space, and ε represents a very small positive number for improving the stability of the solution, the first horizontal coordinate is used to represent the first relative position of the seismic wave source and the seismic receiver on the ground surface in the migration space, and the first travel time information refers to the time required for the seismic wave to propagate from the seismic wave source to the seismic receiver in the migration space.

[0044] Specifically, the migration dip angle of the reflected wave in the migration profile can be calculated according to the seismic migration data by using Hilbert transform according to formula ① (i.e. the first formula), and formula ① is specifically as follows: In the formula, p m represents the migration dip angle, I represents the seismic migration data, respectively represent components of the two-dimensional Hilbert transform in the x m direction, respectively represent components of the two-dimensional Hilbert transform in the t m direction, and ε represents a very small positive number for improving the stability of the solution.

[0045] Step S206, determining the de-migration dip angle of the reflection wave in the de-migration profile according to the migration dip angle of the migration reflection wave in the migration profile and the velocity data, wherein the de-migration profile refers to the second image data obtained by visualizing the target seismic data, and the target seismic data is the data obtained by de-migration processing of the seismic migration data.

[0046] In this embodiment, the de-migration dip angle of the reflection wave in the de-migration profile can be determined according to the migration dip angle of the migration reflection wave in the migration profile and the velocity data after de-migration processing of the seismic migration data, and the de-migration profile is the visualization image of the seismic data (i.e., the target seismic data) obtained after de-migration processing of the seismic migration data.

[0047] According to the above embodiment of the present application, before step S206, that is, before determining the de-migration dip angle of the reflection wave in the de-migration profile according to the migration dip angle of the migration reflection wave in the migration profile and the velocity data, the underground groundwater migration channel attribute extraction method further comprises: de-migration processing the seismic migration data according to a second formula to obtain the target seismic data, wherein the second formula is: M(x, t)=∫I(x m ,t m )δ(t m -t d (x,t,x m ))dt m dx m , M(x, t) represents the target seismic data, I(x m ,t m ) represents the seismic migration data, x represents the second horizontal coordinate in the de-migration space, t represents the second travel time information in the de-migration space, the second horizontal coordinate is used to represent the second relative position of the seismic wave source and the seismic detector on the ground surface in the de-migration space, and the second travel time information refers to the time required for the seismic wave to propagate from the seismic wave source to the seismic detector in the de-migration space, δ(t m -t d (x, t, x m )) represents the Dirac function, t d (x, t, x m ) represents the isochronous surface defined by (x, t) and the imaging point coordinates, the isochronous surface refers to the surface formed by all imaging points having the same arrival time in the process of seismic wave propagation, and the imaging point is the position of the seismic wave reflected to the ground surface; and the target seismic data is visualized to obtain the de-migration profile.

[0048] Specifically, the de-migration processing of the seismic migration data can be calculated by using formula ② to obtain the target seismic data after de-migration processing, and formula ② is specifically as follows: M(x, t)=∫I(x m ,t m )δ(tm -t d (x,t,x m ))dt m dx m , wherein M(x, t) represents target seismic data, I(x m ,t m ) represents seismic migration data, x represents a second horizontal coordinate in a reverse migration space, t represents second travel time information in the reverse migration space, δ(t m -t d (x,t,x m )) represents a Dirac function, t d (x,t,x m ) represents an isochrone surface defined by (x, t) and an imaging point coordinate, the isochrone surface refers to a surface formed by all points having the same arrival time in the process of seismic wave propagation, in other words, the isochrone surface is a surface in a three-dimensional space, and all points on the surface receive seismic waves at the same time, in seismic data processing, the isochrone surface is usually used to describe the propagation characteristics of seismic waves and the synchronization of seismic data; then the target seismic data is presented in a visual manner, that is, a reverse migration profile is obtained.

[0049] According to the above embodiment of the present application, in the step S206, the reverse migration dip angle of the reflection wave in the reverse migration profile is determined according to the migration dip angle of the migration reflection wave in the migration profile and the velocity data, comprising: the reverse migration dip angle of the reflection wave in the reverse migration profile is determined according to the migration dip angle of the migration reflection wave in the migration profile and the velocity data by using a third formula, wherein the third formula is: p represents the reverse migration dip angle, and v represents the velocity data.

[0050] Specifically, the reverse migration dip angle of the reflection wave in the reverse migration profile can be calculated according to the migration dip angle p m of the reflection wave in the migration profile and the velocity data v(x m ,t m ) obtained in the step S202 by using the formula ③, and the formula ③ is specifically as follows: In the formula, p represents the reverse migration dip angle, and v represents the velocity data.

[0051] In step S208, the reflection wave in the target seismic data is filtered along the direction of the reverse migration dip angle to extract the diffraction wave in the target seismic data, wherein the diffraction wave is a diffraction wave formed by scattering of the seismic wave when the seismic wave encounters irregular geology in the underground interface.

[0052] In this embodiment, the reflection wave in the target seismic data is mean filtered along the direction of the reverse migration dip angle, so that the extraction of the diffraction wave signal can be realized.

[0053] According to the above embodiment of the present application, in the step S208, the filtering processing of the reflected wave in the target seismic data along the direction of the reverse migration dip angle is performed to extract the diffraction wave in the target seismic data, comprising: filtering processing of the reflected wave in the target seismic data along the direction of the reverse migration dip angle is performed to extract the diffraction wave in the target seismic data by using the fourth formula, wherein the fourth formula is: D(x, t) represents the diffraction wave signal data of the diffraction wave, i represents the label of the current seismic trace, n represents the trace number window of the mean filtering, Δx i represents the displacement amount when the filtering processing of the reflected wave in the target seismic data along the direction of the reverse migration dip angle is performed, Δt i represents the time shift amount when the filtering processing of the reflected wave in the target seismic data along the direction of the reverse migration dip angle is performed.

[0054] Specifically, the mean filtering processing of the reflected wave in the target seismic data can be performed by using the formula IV to achieve the extraction of the diffraction wave signal, and the formula IV is specifically as follows: D(x, t) represents the diffraction wave signal data of the diffraction wave, i represents the label of the current seismic trace, n represents the trace number window of the mean filtering, Δx i represents the displacement amount when the filtering processing of the reflected wave in the target seismic data along the direction of the reverse migration dip angle is performed, Δt i represents the time shift amount when the filtering processing of the reflected wave in the target seismic data along the direction of the reverse migration dip angle is performed; here Δt i and Δx i between them are specifically as follows: Δt i = Δx i * p; in addition, in the seismic data, "trace" generally refers to a record of seismic data, which is the seismic wave signal received by the seismograph at a certain position on the ground, and each trace can be regarded as a time series, which records the change of the seismic wave at the position with time, i here refers to the current seismic trace being processed or analyzed, mean filtering is a commonly used signal processing technique, which is used to smooth data and reduce noise, in seismic data processing, mean filtering is usually applied to a group of continuous seismic traces, n here refers to the size of the trace number window for mean filtering, that is, the number of continuous traces considered when performing mean filtering, for example, if n = 3, when performing mean filtering on the current trace i, the data of three traces including the current trace i and one trace on the left and right of the current trace i will be considered to calculate the average; in seismic data processing, such mean filtering is usually used to enhance the continuity of the signal and reduce random noise, which helps to more clearly identify the characteristics of the seismic wave, such as reflection and diffraction.

[0055] Step S210, determining the diffraction attribute of the diffraction wave, wherein the diffraction attribute refers to the seismic response feature of the diffraction wave when the diffraction wave occurs at the underground discontinuous geological interface, and is used to represent the underground water migration channel.

[0056] In this embodiment, after the diffraction wave is extracted, the coherence of the diffraction wave (i.e., the diffraction attribute) can be analyzed and determined to observe the underground water migration channel, such as a karst gully, a karst trough, a karst fissure, a fault structure, a joint fissure, etc.

[0057] According to the above embodiment of the present application, in the step S210, the diffraction attribute of the diffraction wave is determined, including: determining the common imaging point gather based on the seismic migration data by using a fifth formula, wherein the fifth formula is: C(x m , t m , θ m ) = ∫D(x, t)δ(t-t′ d (x, x m , t m ))δ(θ m - θ(x, x m , t m ))dt dx, C(x m , t m , θ m ) represents the common imaging point gather, θ m represents the illumination angle, t′ d (x, x m , t m ) represents the travel time from x to (x m , t m ), θ(x, x m , t m ) represents the illumination angle from x to (x m , t m ), the travel time represents the time required for the seismic wave to propagate from the seismic wave source to a specific imaging point, the illumination angle refers to the incidence angle of the seismic wave from the underground reflection point to the ground, and the common imaging point gather refers to a group of data formed by the seismic data having the same imaging point in the seismic migration process; and the diffraction attribute of the diffraction wave is determined based on the common imaging point gather by using a sixth formula, wherein the sixth formula is: S(x m , t0) represents the diffraction attribute, A represents the time window scale, N represents the number of illumination angles, θ max represents the maximum illumination angle, and t0 represents the time when the current imaging point reaches the ground.

[0058] Specifically, the common imaging point gather (a group of data formed by the seismic data having the same imaging point in the seismic migration process) can be constructed by using formula ⑤, and then the diffraction attribute of the diffraction wave is calculated based on the common imaging point gather by using formula ⑥, and formula ⑤ is specifically as follows: C(xm , t m θ m )=∫D(x,t)δ(tt′ d (x, x) m , t m ))δ(θ m -θ(x, x) m , t m ))dtdx, where C(x) m ,t m ,θ m ) represents the common imaging point gather, θ m Indicates the illumination angle, t′ d (x,x m ,t m ) represents the distance from x to (x m ,t m When θ(x,x) travels, m ,t m ) represents the distance from x to (x m ,t m The illumination angle (or travel time) represents the time required for a seismic wave to travel from its source to a specific imaging point. Travel time is typically used to calculate the arrival time and velocity of seismic waves, and subsequently for seismic wave location and velocity modeling. The illumination angle refers to the angle of incidence of the seismic wave from the underground reflection point to the surface. Formula ⑥ is as follows: In the formula, S(x) m ,t0) represents the diffraction property, A represents the time window scale, N represents the number of illumination angles, and θ max t0 represents the maximum illumination angle, and t0 represents the time it takes for the current imaging point to reach the ground.

[0059] Common imaging point gathers can be constructed through the following steps: 1) Determine imaging points: Identify subsurface imaging points based on reflection or diffraction events in seismic data; 2) Calculate illumination angles: For each imaging point, calculate the angle at which the seismic wave arrives at that point; 3) Select data traces with the same illumination angle: Classify the traces in the seismic data according to their illumination angles and group traces with the same illumination angle together. The purpose of constructing common imaging point gathers is to: 1) Improve the imaging quality of diffracted waves: By focusing on seismic traces with the same illumination angle, the signal of diffracted waves can be enhanced, thereby improving the quality and resolution of the imaging; 2) Improve the identification of diffracted waves: Common imaging point gathers help to identify and distinguish diffracted waves and reflected waves because they may have similar forms in seismic data, but different illumination angles; 3) Enhance the effectiveness of data processing: By focusing on similar seismic traces, various seismic data processing techniques, such as filtering and gain control, can be applied more effectively.

[0060] According to the above embodiment of the present application, after step S210, i.e., after determining the diffraction attribute of the diffracted wave, the underground water migration channel attribute extraction method further comprises: analyzing and processing the diffraction attribute of the diffracted wave to obtain the underground water migration channel, wherein the underground water migration channel is used to explore the migration mode of the underground water.

[0061] Specifically, the diffraction wave field is a manifestation of underground geological discontinuity in seismic records, and therefore the imaging result thereof can directly reflect such discontinuity; thus, after analyzing the diffraction attribute of the diffracted wave, the underground water migration channel can be further analyzed and determined; it should be noted that between determining the attribute of the diffracted wave and determining the specific position of the underground water migration channel, there is still a relatively complex process, which can include: 1) data verification: ensuring that the calculated diffraction attribute is reliable and is not affected by noise or other geological factors; 2) attribute interpretation: geologically interpreting the diffraction attribute to determine which attribute changes are related to the underground water migration channel; 3) data fusion: combining the diffraction attribute with other geophysical data (such as resistivity, underground water level change, etc.) to improve the accuracy of positioning the underground water migration channel; 4) inversion and simulation: using the calculated diffraction attribute data to perform numerical simulation to predict the flow path and speed of the underground water; 5) visualization: visualizing the diffraction attribute and the prediction result of the underground water migration channel to more intuitively understand the flow characteristics of the underground water; 6) sensitivity analysis: performing sensitivity analysis to evaluate the influence of different parameter changes on the prediction result of the underground water migration channel; 7) field verification: in possible cases, verifying the seismic exploration result by drilling or other field investigation methods; 8) report and suggestion: writing a detailed report to summarize the position, characteristics and possible influence of the underground water migration channel, and making further exploration or development suggestions; this can require relevant professionals to analyze and observe to determine, and the above embodiment of the present application mainly provides how to analyze and determine the diffraction attribute of the diffracted wave, and does not repeat the specific analysis and determination of the underground water migration channel according to the diffraction attribute of the diffracted wave.

[0062] From the above, through the technical solutions provided by the above embodiments of the present application, in the process of seismic exploration, seismic migration data and velocity data of the propagation of seismic waves in underground media can be obtained, wherein the seismic migration data is data obtained by processing seismic data, and the seismic data refers to data formed by detected seismic waves in the process of seismic exploration; the migration dip angle of the migration reflected wave in the migration profile is determined according to the seismic migration data, wherein the migration profile refers to first image data obtained by visualizing the seismic migration data, and the migration reflected wave is a migration reflected wave formed by the reflected wave in the seismic data after migration processing, and the reflected wave is a reflected wave formed by reflection of seismic waves when encountering different media at the underground interface; the anti-migration dip angle of the reflected wave in the anti-migration profile is determined according to the migration dip angle of the migration reflected wave in the migration profile and the velocity data, wherein the anti-migration profile refers to second image data obtained by visualizing the target seismic data, and the target seismic data is data obtained by anti-migration processing of the seismic migration data; the reflected wave in the target seismic data is filtered along the direction of the anti-migration dip angle to extract the diffracted wave in the target seismic data, wherein the diffracted wave is a diffracted wave formed by scattering of seismic waves when encountering irregular geology at the underground interface; the diffracted attribute of the diffracted wave is determined, wherein the diffracted attribute refers to the seismic response characteristics of the diffracted wave when the seismic wave is diffracted at the underground discontinuous geological interface, and is used to represent the underground water migration channel. The purpose of determining the dip angle of the reflected wave in the seismic data by calculating the migration dip angle of the reflected wave in the seismic migration data corresponding to the migration profile, filtering out the reflected wave along the dip angle to extract the diffracted wave in the seismic data, and then analyzing and determining the diffracted attribute of the diffracted wave is achieved. The technical effect of analyzing the dip angle of the reflected wave in the seismic data by migration and anti-migration processing, filtering out the reflected wave along the dip angle to extract the diffracted wave in the seismic data is achieved, and the accuracy of extracting the diffracted wave is improved, which lays a foundation for accurate imaging of the underground water migration channel.

[0063] Therefore, through the technical solutions provided by the above embodiments of the present application, the technical problem that the attribute of the diffracted wave is difficult to be directly extracted in the related art, resulting in difficulty in observing the underground water migration channel is solved.

[0064] It should be noted that, for the foregoing method embodiments, in order to simply describe, they are all expressed as a series of action combinations, but those skilled in the art should know that the present application is not limited to the action order described, because according to the present application, certain steps can be performed in other orders or simultaneously. Secondly, those skilled in the art should know that the embodiments described in the specification all belong to preferred embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily necessary for the present application.

[0065] Through the description of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the method according to the above embodiments can be realized by means of software on a general hardware platform as necessary, and of course, can also be realized by hardware, but in many cases, the former is a better embodiment. Based on such understanding, the technical solutions of the present application can be embodied in the form of a software product in essence or the part that contributes to the prior art, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk), and includes a plurality of instructions to make a terminal device (which can be a mobile phone, computer, server, or network device, etc.) execute the method described in each embodiment of the present application.

[0066] According to the embodiments of the present application, a groundwater migration channel attribute extraction device for implementing the above groundwater migration channel attribute extraction method is further provided, Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the groundwater migration channel attribute extraction device according to the embodiments of the present application, as Figure 3 shown, the device includes a first acquisition unit 31, a first determination unit 33, a second determination unit 35, an extraction unit 37, and a third determination unit 39. The groundwater migration channel attribute extraction device will be described in detail below.

[0067] The first acquisition unit 31 is configured to acquire seismic migration data and velocity data of seismic wave propagation in the underground medium during seismic exploration, wherein the seismic migration data is data obtained by processing seismic data, and the seismic data refers to data formed by the detected seismic wave in the seismic exploration process.

[0068] The first determination unit 33 is configured to determine the migration dip angle of the migration reflected wave in the migration profile according to the seismic migration data, wherein the migration profile refers to first image data obtained by visualizing the seismic migration data, and the migration reflected wave is a migration reflected wave formed by the reflected wave in the seismic data after migration processing, and the reflected wave is a reflected wave formed by the reflection of the seismic wave when the seismic wave encounters different media at the underground interface.

[0069] The second determination unit 35 is configured to determine the de-migration dip angle of the reflected wave in the de-migration profile according to the migration dip angle of the migration reflected wave in the migration profile and the velocity data, wherein the de-migration profile refers to second image data obtained by visualizing the target seismic data, and the target seismic data is data obtained by de-migration processing of the seismic migration data.

[0070] The extraction unit 37 is configured to filter the reflected wave in the target seismic data along the direction of the de-migration dip angle to extract the diffracted wave in the target seismic data, wherein the diffracted wave is a diffracted wave formed by the scattering of the seismic wave when the seismic wave encounters irregular geology at the underground interface.

[0071] The third determining unit 39 is configured to determine a diffraction attribute of the diffraction wave, wherein the diffraction attribute refers to a seismic response feature of the seismic wave when the seismic wave is diffracted at a discontinuous geological interface underground, and is used to represent a groundwater migration channel.

[0072] It should be noted that the first obtaining unit 31, the first determining unit 33, the second determining unit 35, the extracting unit 37 and the third determining unit 39 correspond to steps S202 to S210 in the above embodiment, and the five units have the same instances and application scenarios as the corresponding steps, but are not limited to the content disclosed in the above embodiment.

[0073] As can be seen from the above, in the scheme described in the above embodiment, the first obtaining unit is used to obtain seismic migration data and velocity data of the seismic wave propagating in the underground medium in the process of seismic exploration, wherein the seismic migration data is data obtained by processing seismic data, and the seismic data refers to data formed by the detected seismic wave in the process of seismic exploration; then the first determining unit is used to determine the migration dip angle of the migration reflected wave in the migration profile according to the seismic migration data, wherein the migration profile refers to first image data obtained by visualizing the seismic migration data, and the migration reflected wave is a migration reflected wave formed by the reflected wave in the seismic data after migration processing, and the reflected wave is a reflected wave formed by the reflection of the seismic wave when the seismic wave encounters different media at the underground interface; then the second determining unit is used to determine the de-migration dip angle of the reflected wave in the de-migration profile according to the migration dip angle of the migration reflected wave in the migration profile and the velocity data, wherein the de-migration profile refers to second image data obtained by visualizing the target seismic data, and the target seismic data is data obtained by de-migration processing the seismic migration data; then the extracting unit is used to filter the reflected wave in the target seismic data along the direction of the de-migration dip angle, so as to extract the diffraction wave in the target seismic data, wherein the diffraction wave is a diffraction wave formed by the scattering of the seismic wave when the seismic wave encounters irregular geology underground; finally, the third determining unit is used to determine the diffraction attribute of the diffraction wave, wherein the diffraction attribute refers to a seismic response feature of the seismic wave when the seismic wave is diffracted at a discontinuous geological interface underground, and is used to represent a groundwater migration channel. The purpose is achieved by calculating the dip angle of the reflected wave in the migration profile corresponding to the seismic migration data, filtering the reflected wave along the dip angle to extract the diffraction wave in the seismic data, and then analyzing and determining the diffraction attribute of the diffraction wave. The technical effect of analyzing the dip angle of the reflected wave in the seismic data by migration and de-migration processing, filtering the reflected wave along the dip angle to extract the diffraction wave in the seismic data is achieved, and the accuracy of extracting the diffraction wave is improved, which lays a foundation for accurate imaging of the groundwater migration channel.

[0074] Therefore, the technical solution provided by the above embodiments of the present invention solves the technical problem in the related art that it is difficult to observe the groundwater transport channel because the properties of diffraction waves are difficult to extract directly.

[0075] Optionally, the first determining unit includes: a first determining module, configured to determine the migration dip angle of the migration reflection wave in the migration profile based on the seismic migration data using a Hilbert transform and a first formula, wherein the first formula is: p m Indicates the offset dip angle, and I represents the seismic migration data. They represent the two-dimensional Hilbert transform in x. m Components in direction, They represent the two-dimensional Hilbert transform at time t. m Components in direction, x m t represents the first horizontal coordinate in the offset space. m The first travel time information in the migration space is represented by ε, which is a very small positive number used to improve the stability of the solution. The first horizontal coordinate is used to represent the first relative position of the seismic source and the seismograph on the surface in the migration space. The first travel time information refers to the time required for the seismic wave to travel from the seismic source to the seismograph in the migration space.

[0076] Optionally, the groundwater migration channel attribute extraction device further includes: a second acquisition unit, used to perform reverse migration processing on the seismic migration data according to a second formula to obtain target seismic data before determining the reverse migration dip angle of the reflected wave in the reverse migration profile based on the migration dip angle and velocity data of the migrated reflected wave in the migration profile, wherein the second formula is: M(x,t)=∫I(x m ,t m )δ(t m -t d (x,t,x m ))dt m dx m M(x,t) represents the target seismic data, and I(x) represents the target seismic data. m ,t m ) represents seismic migration data, x represents the second horizontal coordinate in the back-migration space, and t represents the second travel time information in the back-migration space. The second horizontal coordinate is used to represent the second relative position of the seismic source and the seismic detector on the surface in the back-migration space. The second travel time information refers to the time required for the seismic wave to travel from the seismic source to the seismic detector in the back-migration space. δ(t) m -t d (x, t, x) m )) represents the Dirac function, t d (x,t,x m) represents an isochrone defined by (x, t) and imaging point coordinates, the isochrone refers to a surface formed by all imaging points having the same arrival time in the process of seismic wave propagation, the imaging point is a position where a seismic wave is reflected to the ground; the third acquisition unit is configured to visualize the target seismic data to obtain the de-migrated profile.

[0077] Optionally, the second determination unit comprises a second determination module configured to determine the de-migration dip angle of the reflected wave in the de-migrated profile according to the migration dip angle of the migration reflected wave in the migration profile and the velocity data by using a third formula, wherein the third formula is: p represents the de-migration dip angle, and v represents the velocity data.

[0078] Optionally, the extraction unit comprises an extraction module configured to filter the reflected wave in the target seismic data along the direction in which the de-migration dip angle is located to extract the diffracted wave in the target seismic data by using a fourth formula, wherein the fourth formula is: D(x, t) represents the diffracted wave signal data of the diffracted wave, i represents the label of the current seismic trace, n represents the trace number window of the mean filtering, Δx i represents the displacement amount when the reflected wave in the target seismic data is filtered along the direction in which the de-migration dip angle is located, Δt i represents the time shift amount when the reflected wave in the target seismic data is filtered along the direction in which the de-migration dip angle is located.

[0079] Optionally, the third determination unit comprises a third determination module configured to determine the common imaging point gather based on the seismic migration data by using a fifth formula, wherein the fifth formula is: m m m ) = ∫D(x, t)δ(t-t′ d (x, x m , t m ))δ(θ m - θ(x, x m , t m ))dtdx, C(x m , t m , θ m ) represents the common imaging point gather, θ m represents the illumination angle, t′ d (x, x m , t m ) represents the travel time from x to (x m , t m ), and θ(x, x m , t m ) represents the travel time from x to (x m , t m ​​illumination angle, travel time, and common imaging point gather, wherein the travel time represents a time required for a seismic wave to propagate from a seismic wave source to a specific imaging point, the illumination angle represents an incident angle of the seismic wave from a reflection point in the ground to the ground, and the common imaging point gather represents a group of data formed by seismic data having the same imaging point in a seismic migration process; a fourth determining module, configured to determine a diffraction attribute of the diffraction wave according to the common imaging point gather and a sixth formula, wherein the sixth formula is: S(x m , t0) represents the diffraction attribute, A represents a time window scale, N represents a number of the illumination angles, and max represents a maximum illumination angle, and t0 represents a time when the current imaging point reaches the ground.

[0080] Optionally, the underground water migration channel attribute extraction device further includes a fourth acquisition unit configured to analyze and process the diffraction attribute of the diffraction wave to obtain an underground water migration channel after the diffraction attribute of the diffraction wave is determined, wherein the underground water migration channel is used to explore a migration mode of the underground water.

[0081] According to another aspect of the embodiment of the present application, there is also provided an underground water migration channel attribute extraction system using any of the underground water migration channel attribute extraction methods.

[0082] According to another aspect of the embodiment of the present application, there is also provided a computer readable storage medium including a stored program, wherein the program executes any of the underground water migration channel attribute extraction methods.

[0083] Optionally, in the embodiment, the computer readable storage medium can be located in any of computer terminals in a computer terminal group in a computer network, or in any of communication devices in a communication device group.

[0084] Optionally, in the embodiment, the computer readable storage medium is configured to store program code for performing the following steps: obtaining seismic migration data and velocity data of seismic wave propagation in the underground medium in the process of seismic exploration, wherein the seismic migration data is data obtained by processing seismic data, and the seismic data refers to data formed by the detected seismic wave in the process of seismic exploration; determining the migration dip angle of the migration reflected wave in the migration profile according to the seismic migration data, wherein the migration profile refers to first image data obtained by visualizing the seismic migration data, the migration reflected wave is a migration reflected wave formed by the reflected wave in the seismic data after migration processing, and the reflected wave is a reflected wave formed by the reflection of the seismic wave when the seismic wave encounters different media at the underground interface; determining the de-migration dip angle of the reflected wave in the de-migration profile according to the migration dip angle of the migration reflected wave in the migration profile and the velocity data, wherein the de-migration profile refers to second image data obtained by visualizing the target seismic data, and the target seismic data is data obtained by de-migration processing the seismic migration data; filtering the reflected wave in the target seismic data along the direction of the de-migration dip angle to extract the diffracted wave in the target seismic data, wherein the diffracted wave is a diffracted wave formed by the scattering of the seismic wave when the seismic wave encounters irregular geology at the underground interface; determining the diffracted attribute of the diffracted wave, wherein the diffracted attribute refers to the seismic response characteristics of the diffracted wave when the seismic wave diffracts at the underground discontinuous geological interface, and is used to represent the underground water migration path.

[0085] Optionally, in the embodiment, the computer readable storage medium is configured to store program code for performing the following steps: determining the migration dip angle of the migration reflected wave in the migration profile according to the seismic migration data by using Hilbert transform according to a first formula, wherein the first formula is: p m represents the migration dip angle, I represents the seismic migration data, respectively represent the components of the two-dimensional Hilbert transform in the x m direction, respectively represent the components of the two-dimensional Hilbert transform in the t m direction, x m represents the first horizontal coordinate in the migration space, t m represents the first travel time information in the migration space, and ε represents a small positive number used to improve the stability of the solution, the first horizontal coordinate is used to represent the first relative position of the seismic wave source and the seismic detector on the ground surface in the migration space, and the first travel time information refers to the time required for the seismic wave to propagate from the seismic wave source to the seismic detector in the migration space.

[0086] Optionally, in the embodiment, the computer readable storage medium is configured to store program code for performing the following steps: performing de-migration processing on the seismic migration data according to a second formula to obtain target seismic data, wherein the second formula is: M(x, t) = ∫I(x m ,t m )δ(t m -t d (x, t, x m ))dt m dx m , M(x, t) represents the target seismic data, I(x m ,t m ) represents the seismic migration data, x represents a second horizontal coordinate in the de-migration space, t represents second travel time information in the de-migration space, the second horizontal coordinate is used to represent a second relative position of a seismic wave source and a seismic detector on the ground surface in the de-migration space, the second travel time information refers to a time required for a seismic wave to propagate from the seismic wave source to the seismic detector in the de-migration space, δ(t m -t d (x, t, x m )) represents a Dirac function, t d (x, t, x m ) represents an isochrone surface defined by (x, t) and an imaging point coordinate, the isochrone surface refers to a surface formed by all imaging points having the same arrival time in the process of seismic wave propagation, and the imaging point is a position where the seismic wave is reflected to the ground surface; and performing visual presentation on the target seismic data to obtain a de-migration profile.

[0087] Optionally, in the embodiment, the computer readable storage medium is configured to store program code for performing the following steps: determining a de-migration dip angle of the reflection wave in the de-migration profile according to a migration dip angle of the reflection wave in the migration profile and the velocity data by using a third formula, wherein the third formula is: p represents the de-migration dip angle, and v represents the velocity data.

[0088] Optionally, in the embodiment, the computer readable storage medium is configured to store program code for performing the following steps: performing filtering processing on the reflection wave in the target seismic data along a direction in which the de-migration dip angle is located to extract the diffraction wave in the target seismic data by using a fourth formula, wherein the fourth formula is: D(x, t) represents diffraction wave signal data of the diffraction wave, i represents a label of a current seismic trace, n represents a trace number window of mean filtering, Δx i represents a displacement amount when the filtering processing is performed on the reflection wave in the target seismic data along the direction in which the de-migration dip angle is located, and Δt i represents a time shift amount when the filtering processing is performed on the reflection wave in the target seismic data along the direction in which the de-migration dip angle is located.

[0089] Optionally, in the embodiment, the computer readable storage medium is configured to store program code for performing the following steps: determining a common imaging point gather based on the seismic migration data using a fifth formula, wherein the fifth formula is: C(x m , t m , θ m ) = ∫D(x, t)δ(t-t′ d (x, x m , t m ))δ(θ m - θ(x, x m , t m ))dt dx, C(x m , t m , θ m ) represents the common imaging point gather, θ m represents the illumination angle, t′ d (x, x m , t m ) represents the travel time from x to (x m , t m ), θ(x, x m , t m ) represents the illumination angle from x to (x m , t m ), the travel time represents the time required for the seismic wave to propagate from the seismic wave source to a specific imaging point, the illumination angle refers to the incident angle of the seismic wave from the underground reflection point to the ground, and the common imaging point gather refers to a group of data formed by the seismic data having the same imaging point in the seismic migration process; determining the diffraction attribute of the diffraction wave based on the common imaging point gather using a sixth formula, wherein the sixth formula is: S(x m , t0) represents the diffraction attribute, A represents the time window scale, N represents the number of illumination angles, θ max represents the maximum illumination angle, and t0 represents the time when the current imaging point reaches the ground.

[0090] Optionally, in the embodiment, the computer readable storage medium is configured to store program code for performing the following steps: performing analysis processing on the diffraction attribute of the diffraction wave to obtain an underground water migration path, wherein the underground water migration path is used to explore the migration mode of the underground water.

[0091] According to another aspect of the embodiment of the present application, a processor is also provided, and the processor is used to run a program, wherein the program performs any one of the above underground water migration path attribute extraction methods when running.

[0092] According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present application, there is also provided a computer program product comprising computer instructions which, when executed by a processor, perform any of the above-described methods for extracting groundwater migration pathway properties.

[0093] The above-mentioned sequence numbers of the embodiments of the present application are only for description, and do not represent advantages or disadvantages of the embodiments.

[0094] In the above-described embodiments of the present application, the description of each embodiment has its own focus, and the parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment can be referred to the relevant description of other embodiments.

[0095] In several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed technical contents can be implemented by other manners. Among them, the above-described device embodiments are only schematic, for example, the division of the units can be logical function division, and actual implementation can have another division manner, for example, a plurality of units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. In addition, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection between the units or modules shown or discussed can be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, and can be electrical or other forms.

[0096] The units described as separate components can or can not be physically separate, and the components shown as units can or can not be physical units, that is, they can be located in one place, or can be distributed on multiple units. According to actual needs, part or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of the present embodiment scheme.

[0097] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application can be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically, or two or more units can be integrated in one unit. The above-mentioned integrated unit can be realized in the form of hardware, or in the form of software functional unit.

[0098] The integrated unit, if implemented in the form of a software function unit and sold or used as an independent product, can be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solutions of the present application, essentially or in other words, the part that contributes to the prior art or the whole or part of the technical solutions can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including a number of instructions to make a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server or a network device, etc.) execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in various embodiments of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes: a U disk, a read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), a random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), a mobile hard disk, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and various media that can store program codes.

[0099] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, and it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principles of the present application, a number of improvements and refinements can be made, and these improvements and refinements should be considered as the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method of groundwater transport pathway property extraction, characterized by, Comprising: acquiring seismic migration data and velocity data of seismic wave propagation in underground medium in the process of seismic exploration, wherein the seismic migration data is data obtained by processing seismic data, and the seismic data refers to data formed by detected seismic wave in the process of seismic exploration; determining migration dip angle of migration reflected wave in migration profile according to the seismic migration data, wherein the migration profile refers to first image data obtained by visualizing the seismic migration data, and the migration reflected wave is migration reflected wave formed by reflected wave in the seismic data after migration processing, and the reflected wave is reflected wave formed by reflection of the seismic wave when encountering different medium in underground interface; determining reverse migration dip angle of the reflected wave in reverse migration profile according to the migration dip angle of the migration reflected wave in the migration profile and the velocity data, wherein the reverse migration profile refers to second image data obtained by visualizing target seismic data, and the target seismic data is data obtained by reverse migration processing on the seismic migration data; filtering the reflected wave in the target seismic data along the direction of the reverse migration dip angle to extract diffraction wave in the target seismic data, wherein the diffraction wave is diffraction wave formed by scattering of the seismic wave when encountering irregular geological interface in underground; determining diffraction attribute of the diffraction wave, wherein the diffraction attribute refers to seismic response characteristics of the seismic wave when diffraction occurs in underground discontinuous geological interface, and is used for representing underground water migration path.

2. The groundwater-migration-pathway property extraction method according to claim 1, characterized by, Determining migration dip angle of migration reflected wave in migration profile according to the seismic migration data, comprising: The migration dip angle of the migration reflection wave in the migration profile is determined according to a first formula by using Hilbert transform according to the seismic migration data, wherein the first formula is: p m represents the migration dip angle, I represents the seismic migration data, respectively represent components of two-dimensional Hilbert transform in x m directions, respectively represent components of two-dimensional Hilbert transform in t m directions, x m represents a first horizontal coordinate in a migration space, t m represents first travel time information in the migration space, and ε represents a minimum positive number used for improving solving stability, the first horizontal coordinate is used for representing a first relative position of a seismic wave source and a seismic detector on a ground surface in the migration space, and the first travel time information refers to a time required for the seismic wave to propagate from the seismic wave source to the seismic detector in the migration space.

3. The groundwater-migration-pathway property extraction method according to claim 2, characterized by, Before determining reverse migration dip angle of the reflected wave in reverse migration profile according to the migration dip angle of the migration reflected wave in the migration profile and the velocity data, further comprising: The seismic migration data is inversely migrated according to the second formula to obtain the target seismic data, wherein the second formula is: M(x,t)=∫I(x m ,t m )δ(t m -t d (x,t,x m ))dt m dx m M(x,t) represents the target seismic data, and I(x) represents the target seismic data. m ,t m ) represents the seismic migration data, x represents the second horizontal coordinate in the inverse migration space, t represents the second travel time information in the inverse migration space, the second horizontal coordinate is used to represent the second relative position of the seismic source and the seismic detector on the surface in the inverse migration space, and the second travel time information refers to the time required for the seismic wave to travel from the seismic source to the seismic detector in the inverse migration space, δ(t) m -t d (x, t, x) m )) represents the Dirac function, t d (x,t,x m ) represents the isochronous surface defined by (x,t) and the coordinates of the imaging point. The isochronous surface refers to the surface formed by all the imaging points that have the same arrival time during the propagation of the seismic wave. The imaging point is the position where the seismic wave is reflected onto the ground. visualizing the target seismic data to obtain the reverse migration profile.

4. The groundwater-migration-pathway property extraction method according to claim 3, characterized by, Determining reverse migration dip angle of the reflected wave in reverse migration profile according to the migration dip angle of the migration reflected wave in the migration profile and the velocity data, comprising: determining the de-migrated dip angle of the reflected wave in the de-migrated profile from the migrated dip angle of the offset reflected wave in the migrated profile and the velocity data using a third equation, wherein the third equation is: p represents the de-migrated dip angle, and v represents the velocity data.

5. The groundwater-migration-pathway property extraction method according to claim 4, characterized by, Filtering the reflected wave in the target seismic data along the direction of the reverse migration dip angle to extract diffraction wave in the target seismic data, comprising: filtering the reflected wave in the target seismic data along the direction where the reverse migration dip angle is located to extract the diffracted wave in the target seismic data by using a fourth formula, wherein the fourth formula is: D(x,t) represents the diffracted wave signal data of the diffracted wave, i represents the label of the current seismic trace, n represents the trace number window of mean filtering, Δx i represents the displacement amount when filtering the reflected wave in the target seismic data along the direction where the reverse migration dip angle is located, Δt i represents the time shift amount when filtering the reflected wave in the target seismic data along the direction where the reverse migration dip angle is located.

6. The groundwater-migration-pathway property extraction method according to claim 5, characterized by, Determining diffraction attribute of the diffraction wave, comprising: determining a common imaging point gather based on the seismic migration data using a fifth formula, wherein the fifth formula is: C(x m , t m , θ m ) = ∫D(x, t)δ(t - t′ d (x, x m , t m ))δ(θ m - θ(x, x m , t m ))dtdx, C(x m , t m , θ m ) represents the common imaging point gather, θ m represents an illumination angle, t′ d (x, x m , t m ) represents a travel time from x to (x m , t m ), and θ(x, x m , t m ) represents the illumination angle from x to (x m , t m ), the travel time representing a time required for the seismic wave to propagate from a seismic wave source to a specific imaging point, the illumination angle representing an incident angle of the seismic wave from a reflection point in the ground to the surface, and the common imaging point gather representing a group of data formed by the seismic data having the same imaging point in a seismic migration process; A sixth formula is used to determine the diffraction attribute of the diffracted wave according to the co-imaging gather, wherein the sixth formula is: S(x m ,t0) represents the diffraction attribute, A represents a time window scale, N represents the number of the illumination angles, θ max represents a maximum illumination angle, and t0 represents the time when the current imaging point reaches the ground.

7. The groundwater-migration-pathway property extraction method according to claim 1, characterized by, After determining the diffraction attribute of the diffraction wave, further comprising: analyzing and processing the diffraction attribute of the diffraction wave to obtain the underground water migration path, wherein the underground water migration path is used for exploring migration mode of underground water.

8. An apparatus for groundwater migration pathway property extraction, characterized by, Comprising: a first acquisition unit, configured to acquire seismic migration data and velocity data of seismic wave propagation in underground medium in the process of seismic exploration, wherein the seismic migration data is data obtained by processing seismic data, and the seismic data refers to data formed by detected seismic wave in the process of seismic exploration; The first determining unit is configured to determine a migration dip angle of a migration reflected wave in a migration profile according to the seismic migration data, wherein the migration profile refers to first image data obtained by visualizing the seismic migration data, the migration reflected wave is a migration reflected wave formed by a reflected wave in the seismic data after the seismic data is subjected to migration processing, and the reflected wave is formed by reflection of the seismic wave when the seismic wave encounters different media at a subsurface interface; The second determining unit is configured to determine a de-migration dip angle of the reflected wave in a de-migration profile according to the migration dip angle of the migration reflected wave in the migration profile and the velocity data, wherein the de-migration profile refers to second image data obtained by visualizing target seismic data, and the target seismic data is data obtained by de-migrating the seismic migration data; The extracting unit is configured to filter the reflected wave in the target seismic data along a direction in which the de-migration dip angle is located, so as to extract a diffraction wave in the target seismic data, wherein the diffraction wave is formed by scattering of the seismic wave when the seismic wave encounters irregular geology at a subsurface interface; The third determining unit is configured to determine a diffraction attribute of the diffraction wave, wherein the diffraction attribute refers to a seismic response feature of the seismic wave when the seismic wave is subjected to diffraction at a subsurface discontinuous geological interface, and is used to represent a subsurface water migration channel.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer readable storage medium comprises a stored program, wherein the program executes the method for extracting a subsurface water migration channel attribute according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer program product comprising computer instructions, characterized in that, The computer instructions are executed by the processor to execute the method for extracting a subsurface water migration channel attribute according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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