System and method for frame structure for communication of passive / semi-passive IoT

Abstract

Systems and methods for frame structures for communications in passive / semi-passive Internet of Things (IoT) are presented. The first wireless communication device may determine a number (N) of repetitive transmissions of data. The first wireless communication device may transmit data to the second wireless communication device using the frame structure. The frame structure may include a preamble sequence and N repeated data.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates generally to wireless communications, including but not limited to systems and methods for frame structures for communications in passive / semi-passive Internet of Things (IoT). Background Art

[0002] The third generation partnership project (3GPP), a standardization organization, is currently specifying a new air interface called 5G New Radio (5G NR) and the next generation packet core network (NG-CN or NGC). 5G NR will have three main components: 5G access network (5G-AN), 5G core network (5GC) and user equipment (UE). In order to facilitate the implementation of different data services and requirements, the network elements (also known as network functions) of 5GC have been simplified, some of which are software-based and some are hardware-based so that they can be adjusted as needed. Summary of the invention

[0003] The example embodiments disclosed herein are intended to solve problems associated with one or more of the problems presented in the prior art, as well as to provide additional features that will become apparent by reference to the following detailed description when combined with the accompanying drawings. According to various embodiments, example systems, methods, devices, and computer program products are disclosed herein. However, it should be understood that these embodiments are presented by way of example and are not restrictive, and it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art who read this disclosure that various modifications can be made to the disclosed embodiments while remaining within the scope of this disclosure.

[0004] At least one aspect relates to the following system, method, apparatus, or computer-readable medium. A first wireless communication device may determine a number of repetitive transmissions of data (N). The first wireless communication device may send data to a second wireless communication device using a frame structure. The frame structure may include a preamble sequence and N repetitive data.

[0005] In some embodiments, the frame structure may include a preamble sequence, a first repetition of N repetitions, a tail sequence, and the remaining repetitions of the N repetitions, and the frame structure may be arranged in the above order in the time domain. In some embodiments, the frame structure may include a preamble sequence, control information for (M) repetitions, and data for N repetitions, and the frame structure may be arranged in the above order in the time domain. In some embodiments, the frame structure may include a preamble sequence, control information for the first repetition of (M) repetitions, a tail sequence, control information for the remaining repetitions of the M repetitions, and data for N repetitions, and the frame structure may be arranged in the above order in the time domain.

[0006] In some embodiments, the frame structure may include a preamble sequence and N repeated data, and the frame structure may be arranged in the above order in the time domain. Before sending data using the frame structure, the first wireless communication device may receive a first message from the second wireless communication device. The first wireless communication device may determine the length of the data sequence of each repeated transmission in the N repeated transmissions based on the message. The step of determining the length of each repeated transmission in the N repeated transmissions may also include the following steps. Each type of the first message may correspond to a data sequence length. The first wireless communication device may determine the length of the data sequence of each repeated transmission in the N repeated transmissions based on the type of the received first message.

[0007] In some embodiments, each type of the first message corresponds to a set of data sequence lengths, J≥1. The first message may include length indication information, the length indication information indicating a data sequence length in the set of data sequence lengths. In some embodiments, the tail sequence may be arranged after N repeated transmissions in the time domain.

[0008] In some embodiments, the preamble sequence may be configured to indicate an arrangement of a frame structure. The arrangement of the frame structure may include at least one of the following: whether to perform repeated transmission, a data sequence length, a subset of a data sequence length, a subset of the number of repeated transmissions of data, a length of a control signal, or a subset of the number of repeated transmissions of a control signal.

[0009] In some embodiments, the frame structure may also include one or more frame header symbols, which are configured to indicate the arrangement of the frame structure. The frame structure may include a preamble sequence, one or more frame header symbols, data of the first repetition in N repetitions, a tail sequence, and data of the remaining repetitions of N repetitions, and the frame structure may be arranged in the above order in the time domain. The frame structure may include a preamble sequence, one or more frame header symbols, and data repeated N times, and the frame structure may be arranged in the above order in the time domain. The frame structure may include a preamble sequence, one or more frame header symbols, control information repeated (M) times, and data repeated N times, and the frame structure may be arranged in the above order in the time domain. The frame structure may include a preamble sequence, one or more frame header symbols, data repeated N times, and a tail sequence that may be added in the above order in the time domain.

[0010] In some embodiments, the second wireless communication device may receive data from the first wireless communication device using the frame structure. The frame structure may include a preamble sequence and (N) repeated data. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] Various example embodiments of the present solution are described in detail below with reference to the following figures or drawings. The drawings are provided for illustrative purposes only, and the drawings only describe example embodiments of the present solution to facilitate the reader's understanding of the present solution. Therefore, the drawings should not be considered as limiting the breadth, scope or applicability of the present solution. It should be noted that for clarity and ease of illustration, these drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0012] Figure 1 An example cellular communication network according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown, in which the techniques disclosed herein may be implemented.

[0013] Figure 2 A block diagram of an example base station and user equipment terminal according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown.

[0014] Figure 3 A frame structure for communication in a passive / semi-passive Internet of Things (IoT) according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0015] Figure 4 A frame structure for communication in a passive / semi-passive Internet of Things (IoT) according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0016] Figure 5 A frame structure for communication in a passive / semi-passive Internet of Things (IoT) according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0017] Figure 6 A frame structure for communication in a passive / semi-passive Internet of Things (IoT) according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0018] Figure 7 A frame structure for communication in a passive / semi-passive Internet of Things (IoT) according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0019] Figure 8 A frame structure for communication in a passive / semi-passive Internet of Things (IoT) according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0020] Fig. 9 A frame structure for communication in a passive / semi-passive Internet of Things (IoT) according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0021] Fig.10 A frame structure for communication in a passive / semi-passive Internet of Things (IoT) according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0022] Fig.11 A frame structure for communication in a passive / semi-passive Internet of Things (IoT) according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0023] Fig.12 A flow chart for communication in a passive / semi-passive Internet of Things (IoT) according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] 1. Mobile Communication Technology and Environment

[0025] Figure 1 An example wireless communication network and / or system 100 is shown in which the techniques disclosed herein may be implemented according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. In the following discussion, the wireless communication network 100 may be any wireless network such as a cellular network or a narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) network, and is referred to herein as "network 100". Such an example network 100 includes a base station 102 (hereinafter referred to as "BS 102"; also referred to as a wireless communication node) and a user equipment terminal 104 (hereinafter referred to as "UE 104"; also referred to as a wireless communication device), which are capable of communicating with each other via a communication link 110 (e.g., a wireless communication channel), and cell groups 126, 130, 132, 134, 136, 138 and 140 covering a geographic area 101. In Figure 1 1, BS 102 and UE 104 are contained within the respective geographic boundaries of cell 126. Each of the other cells 130, 132, 134, 136, 138, and 140 may include at least one base station operating over its allocated bandwidth to provide adequate wireless coverage to its intended users.

[0026] For example, BS 102 may operate on an assigned channel transmission bandwidth to provide adequate coverage to UE 104. BS 102 and UE 104 may communicate via downlink radio frames 118 and uplink radio frames 124, respectively. Each radio frame 118 / 124 may be further divided into subframes 120 / 127, which may include data symbols 122 / 128. In the present disclosure, BS 102 and UE 104 are described herein as non-limiting examples of "communication nodes", which are generally capable of practicing the methods disclosed herein. According to various embodiments of the present solution, such communication nodes may be capable of wireless and / or wired communication.

[0027] Figure 2 A block diagram of an example wireless communication system 200 for transmitting and receiving wireless communication signals (e.g., OFDM / OFDMA signals) according to some embodiments of the present solution is shown. The system 200 may include components and elements configured to support known or conventional operating features that need not be described in detail herein. In an illustrative embodiment, as described above, the system 200 may be used in applications such as Figure 1Data symbols may be communicated (eg, transmitted and received) in a wireless communication environment such as the wireless communication environment 100 of FIG.

[0028] The system 200 generally includes a base station 202 (hereinafter referred to as "BS 202") and a user equipment terminal 204 (hereinafter referred to as "UE 204"). The BS 202 includes a BS (base station) transceiver module 210, a BS antenna 212, a BS processor module 214, a BS memory module 216, and a network communication module 218, each of which is coupled and interconnected to each other via a data communication bus 220 as needed. The UE 204 includes a UE (user equipment) transceiver module 230, a UE antenna 232, a UE memory module 234, and a UE processor module 236, each of which is coupled and interconnected to each other via a data communication bus 240 as needed. The BS 202 communicates with the UE 204 via a communication channel 250, which can be any wireless channel or other medium suitable for transmitting data as described herein.

[0029] As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, the system 200 may also include Figure 2 Any number of modules outside the modules shown. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the various illustrative blocks, modules, circuits, and processing logic described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in hardware, computer-readable software, firmware, or any actual combination thereof. In order to clearly illustrate this interchangeability and compatibility of hardware, firmware, and software, various illustrative components, blocks, modules, circuits, and steps are generally described according to their functions. Such functions are implemented as hardware, firmware, or software, depending on the specific application and the design constraints imposed on the entire system. People familiar with the concepts described herein can implement this function in an appropriate manner for each specific application, but this implementation decision should not be interpreted as limiting the scope of the present disclosure.

[0030] According to some embodiments, the UE transceiver 230 may be referred to herein as an "uplink" transceiver 230, which includes a radio frequency (RF) transmitter and an RF receiver, each of which includes circuitry coupled to an antenna 232. A duplex switch (not shown) may alternatively couple the uplink transmitter or receiver to the uplink antenna in a time duplex manner. Similarly, according to some embodiments, the BS transceiver 210 may be referred to herein as a "downlink" transceiver 210, which includes an RF transmitter and an RF receiver, each of which includes circuitry coupled to an antenna 212. The downlink duplex switch may alternatively couple the downlink transmitter or receiver to the downlink antenna 212 in a time duplex manner. The operation of the two transceiver modules 210 and 230 may be coordinated in time so that the uplink receiver circuit is coupled to the uplink antenna 232 while the downlink transmitter is coupled to the downlink antenna 212 to receive transmissions over the wireless transmission link 250. Instead, the operation of the two transceivers 210 and 230 may be coordinated in time such that while the uplink transmitter is coupled to the uplink antenna 232, the downlink receiver is coupled to the downlink antenna 212 for receiving transmissions on the wireless transmission link 250. In some embodiments, there is tight time synchronization with minimal guard times between changes in duplex direction.

[0031] The UE transceiver 230 and the base station transceiver 210 are configured to communicate via a wireless data communication link 250 and cooperate with an appropriately configured RF antenna array 212 / 232 that can support a specific wireless communication protocol and modulation scheme. In some illustrative embodiments, the UE transceiver 210 and the base station transceiver 210 are configured to support industry standards such as Long Term Evolution (LTE) and emerging 5G standards. However, it should be understood that the present disclosure is not necessarily limited to specific standards and related protocols in application. Instead, the UE transceiver 230 and the base station transceiver 210 can be configured to support alternative or other wireless data communication protocols, including future standards or variants thereof.

[0032] According to various embodiments, BS202 may be, for example, an evolved Node B (eNB), a service eNB, a target eNB, a femtocell or a microcell. In some embodiments, UE 204 may be embodied in various types of user equipment such as mobile phones, smart phones, personal digital assistants (PDAs), tablet computers, laptop computers, wearable computing devices, and the like. Processor modules 214 and 236 may be implemented or implemented by a general-purpose processor, a content addressable memory, a digital signal processor, an application specific integrated circuit, a field programmable gate array, any suitable programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic, a discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof, which is designed to perform the functions described herein. In this way, the processor may be implemented as a microprocessor, a controller, a microcontroller, a state machine, and the like. The processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, such as a combination of a digital signal processor and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, a combination of one or more microprocessors and a digital signal processor core, or any other such configuration.

[0033] In addition, the steps of the methods or algorithms described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein may be directly embodied in hardware, firmware, software modules executed by processor modules 214 and 236, respectively, or in any practical combination thereof. Memory modules 216 and 234 may be implemented as RAM memory, flash memory, ROM memory, EPROM memory, EEPROM memory, registers, hard disk, removable disk, CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art. In this regard, memory modules 216 and 234 can be coupled to processor modules 210 and 230, respectively, so that processor modules 210 and 230 can read information from and write information to memory modules 216 and 234, respectively. Memory modules 216 and 234 may also be integrated into their respective processor modules 210 and 230. In some embodiments, memory modules 216 and 234 may each include a cache for storing temporary variables or other intermediate information during the execution of instructions to be executed by processor modules 210 and 230, respectively. Memory modules 216 and 234 may also each include non-volatile memory for storing instructions to be executed by processor modules 210 and 230, respectively.

[0034] The network communication module 218 generally represents the hardware, software, firmware, processing logic and / or other components of the base station 202, which enable bidirectional communication between the base station transceiver 210 and other network components and communication nodes configured to communicate with the base station 202. For example, the network communication module 218 can be configured to support Internet or WiMAX services. In a non-limiting typical deployment, the network communication module 218 provides an 802.3 Ethernet interface so that the base station transceiver 210 can communicate with a traditional Ethernet-based computer network. In this way, the network communication module 218 can include a physical interface for connecting to a computer network (e.g., a mobile switching center (MSC)). The terms "configured for", "configured to" and their conjunctions (as used herein with respect to a specified operation or function) refer to a device, component, circuit, structure, machine, signal, etc. that is physically constructed, programmed, formatted and / or arranged to perform a specified operation or function.

[0035] The Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model (referred to herein as the "Open Systems Interconnection Model") is a concept and logical layout that defines network communications used by systems (e.g., wireless communication devices, wireless communication nodes) that are open to interconnection and communication with other systems. The model is divided into seven subcomponents or layers, each of which represents a conceptual set of services provided to the layers above and below it. The OSI model also defines a logical network and effectively describes computer data packet transmission by using different layer protocols. The OSI model may also be referred to as a seven-layer OSI model or a seven-layer model. In some embodiments, the first layer may be a physical layer. In some embodiments, the second layer may be a medium access control (MAC) layer. In some embodiments, the third layer may be a radio link control (RLC) layer. In some embodiments, the fourth layer may be a packet convergence protocol (PDCP) layer. In some embodiments, the fifth layer may be a radio resource control (RRC) layer. In some embodiments, the sixth layer may be a non-access stratum (NAS) layer or an Internet Protocol (IP) layer, and the seventh layer is other layers.

[0036] Various example embodiments of the present solution are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings to make and use the present solution using a person of ordinary skill in the art. It is apparent to a person of ordinary skill in the art that, after reading this disclosure, various changes or modifications can be made to the examples described herein without departing from the scope of the present solution. Therefore, the present solution is not limited to the example embodiments and applications described and illustrated herein. In addition, the specific order or hierarchy of the steps in the method disclosed herein is merely an example approach. Based on design preferences, the specific order or hierarchy of the steps of the disclosed method or process can be rearranged while remaining within the scope of the present solution. Therefore, a person of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the methods and techniques disclosed herein present various steps or behaviors in a sample order, and unless otherwise explicitly stated, the present solution is not limited to the specific order or hierarchy presented.

[0037] 2. Systems and methods for frame structures for communications in passive / semi-passive Internet of Things (IoT)

[0038] In passive / semi-passive Internet of Things (IoT) communication technology, information can be sent and / or received with a fixed frame structure. The frame structure signal may include a frame header, data, and a frame tail. The frame header and frame tail may be a bit sequence or a high / low level signal with a fixed form. The frame header may be used to determine the start of the frame structure signal. The frame tail may be used to determine the end of the frame structure signal. The frame header and frame tail may be used to determine the information transmission duration, the number of data rate symbols, and / or the data sequence length of the frame structure signal.

[0039] In order to expand the coverage of passive / semi-passive IoT communication, a method for repeated data transmission can improve the signal-to-noise ratio of received data. The method can increase the communication distance between the sending node and the receiving node. However, in the case of repeated transmission, if a frame header and a frame trailer are sent for each repeated transmission, communication resources may be wasted. Repeated transmission may reduce transmission efficiency and increase power consumption. If the frame header and the frame trailer are not sent, the synchronous reception of the signal may be affected. Therefore, in the repeated transmission of passive IoT communication, a form of frame structure can be studied. The present invention proposes a frame structure signal transmission method to improve the repeated transmission efficiency of passive communication.

[0040] In some embodiments, the first communication node may be a sending node and the second communication node may be a receiving node.

[0041] Implementation Example 1

[0042] In some embodiments, the first communication node may determine the number of repetitions N of the data sequence according to a frame structure. The frame structure may include a leading sequence, a first transmitted data sequence, a tail sequence, and a second to Nth transmitted data sequence. N may be greater than or equal to 1.

[0043] like Figure 3 As shown, the frame structure may include, in the time domain, a leading sequence, a first transmitted data sequence, a tail sequence, and a data sequence from the second transmission to the Nth transmission. For example, sending a data sequence for the Nth repeated transmission according to the frame structure may include sending, in order, a leading sequence, a first transmitted data sequence, a tail sequence, and a data sequence from the second transmission to the Nth transmission.

[0044] For a data sequence that is repeatedly transmitted N times, a leading sequence may be added before the data sequence of the first transmission, and a tail sequence may be added after the data sequence of the first transmission. The data sequences of the second to Nth transmissions may be sent continuously. A leading sequence or a tail sequence may not be added between each transmission of the second to Nth transmissions.

[0045] When N is equal to 1, the N repeated transmissions may be a single transmission. In this case, the first communication node may send the data sequence once. There may not be any transmission data sequence from the second transmission to the Nth transmission. When N is greater than 1, the N repeated transmissions may be multiple transmissions. In this case, the first communication node may send the data sequence N times.

[0046] In some embodiments, the second communication node can determine the start time of the data sequence based on the leading sequence. The leading sequence can be used for synchronization. When the leading sequence is detected, the second communication node can determine the start time of the data sequence and can synchronously receive the data sequence. For a data sequence that is repeatedly transmitted N times, when the second communication node detects the leading sequence, the second communication node can determine the start time of the first transmission of the data sequence and can synchronously receive N data sequence transmissions. The leading sequence can be a signal with S kinds of fixed formats, such as a complex sequence with S kinds of formats, or a fixed high level and low level signal. S can be greater than or equal to 1.

[0047] In some embodiments, the second communication node can use the tail sequence to determine the data sequence length. The tail sequence can be used to determine the transmission duration or data sequence length of the data sequence. The data sequence length can be the number of data symbols included in the data sequence. The transmission duration of the data sequence can correspond to the data sequence length. When the tail sequence is detected, the second communication node can determine the end time of the first transmission of the data sequence, and can determine the data sequence length.

[0048] The first communication node may send a data sequence. The data sequence may include K optional data sequence lengths. Each data sequence length may be used as the number of candidate symbols. The second communication node may receive the data sequence, and if the number of candidate symbols is received, a tail sequence may be detected. If a tail sequence is detected for a certain number of candidate symbols, the second communication node may determine that the first transmission of the data sequence may end, and may determine that the number of candidate symbols may be the data sequence length. The data sequence may include the number of data symbols.

[0049] The data sequence received by the second communication node may have K possible data sequence lengths (e.g., K candidate symbols). The K candidate symbols may be sorted from small to large. The second communication node may receive the data sequence. The second communication node may attempt to detect a tail sequence after the first data symbol in the K candidate symbols. If the tail sequence is detected, the second communication node may determine that the data sequence length may be the number of the first candidate symbols. If the tail sequence is not detected, the second communication node may attempt to detect the tail sequence after the second data symbol of the K candidate symbols. If the tail sequence is detected, the second communication node may determine that the data sequence length may be the number of the second candidate symbols. If the tail sequence is not detected, the second communication node may attempt to detect the tail sequence after the third data symbol in the K candidate symbols. The second communication node may continue to detect the tail sequence after the Nth data symbol in the K candidate symbols, and so on. Tail sequence detection may be performed after the data symbol numbered by the Kth candidate symbol at most. N may be equal to or less than K. The data sequence length may be equal to the transmission duration. The number of data symbols included in the data sequence may be represented by the transmission duration. The amount of each candidate may be the transmission duration of the candidate.

[0050] In some embodiments, the second communication node can determine the number of repeated transmissions of the data sequence by decoding. After determining the length of the data sequence, the second communication node can decode the data sequence data. For a data sequence, an optional number of repetitions R can be configured. The data sequence transmission can use one of the R types of repeated transmission types. The number of repeated transmissions of each type of the R types of repeated transmission types can be used as a candidate number of repetitions. The second communication node can receive the data sequence, and can decode the data sequence when receiving the repeatedly transmitted data sequence.

[0051] The configurable number of repetitions of the data sequence may include N1, N2, ..., N R The number of repeated transmissions for data can be N1, N2, ..., or N R . N1, N2..., N RThe number of candidate repetition transmissions may be a number. The second communication node may receive the data sequence and may decode the data sequence when receiving the N1th data sequence. If the decoding is successful, the second communication node may stop receiving the data sequence. If the decoding is successful, the second communication node may decode the data sequence when receiving the N2th data sequence. If the decoding is successful, the second communication node may stop receiving the data sequence. If the decoding is unsuccessful, the second communication node may attempt to decode the data sequence when receiving the N3th data sequence, and so on. The system may support receiving at most N R When the data is decoded correctly, the second communication node can determine the number of repetitions N of the data sequence. In addition, the second communication node can determine the end time of the N repetitions of the data sequence.

[0052] Implementation Example 2

[0053] The first communication node may determine the number of repetitions M of the control information and the number of repetitions N of the data sequence. M and N may be greater than or equal to 1. The first communication node may send a preamble sequence, control information with M repeated transmissions, and a data sequence with N repeated transmissions according to a frame structure. The number of repetitions M of the control information and the number of repetitions N of the data sequence may be equal (e.g., M=N). The first communication node may configure the same number of repetitions for the control information and the data sequence. The first communication node may send control information that may be repeatedly transmitted M times according to the frame structure. When M is equal to 1, the M repeated transmissions may be a single transmission. In this case, the first communication node may send control information once. When M is greater than 1, the M repeated transmissions may be multiple transmissions. In this case, the first communication node may send control information M times.

[0054] The first communication node may send a data sequence that is repeatedly transmitted N times according to the frame structure. When N is equal to 1, the N repeated transmissions may be a single transmission. In this case, the first communication node may send the data sequence once. When N is greater than 1, the N repeated transmissions may be multiple transmissions. In this case, the first communication node may send the data sequence N times. Figure 4As shown, in the time domain, the frame structure may include, in sequence: a preamble sequence, control information transmitted in the 1st to Mth times, and a data sequence transmitted in the 1st to Nth times. The preamble sequence may be used for synchronization of data sequence transmission. When the second communication node detects the preamble sequence, the start time of the control information may be determined. The preamble sequence may be a signal having S fixed formats. S may be greater than or equal to 1. The control information may include at least one of the following indications: an indication of the number of repetitions of the control information, an indication of the number of repetitions of the data sequence, or an indication of the number of data symbols of the data sequence.

[0055] In some embodiments, the second communication node may receive control information. The control information may have an information length of L. L may be greater than or equal to 1. The information length may be the number of information bits. For decoding of the control information, the following two optional methods may be included.

[0056] Method 1

[0057] In the method, when L is equal to 1, the control information may have a fixed information length. The second communication node may decode the control information based on the fixed information length. The configurable number of repetitions of the control information may include M1, M2, ..., M R M1, M2, ..., M R The number of repetitions that can be used as a candidate. The second communication node can receive the control information, and can decode the control information when receiving the control information with the candidate number of repetitions. The second communication node can decode the control information when receiving the control information with the number of repetitions M1. If the decoding is successful, the second communication node can stop receiving the control information. If the decoding is unsuccessful, the second communication node can decode the control information when receiving the control information with the number of repetitions M2. If the decoding is successful, the second communication node can stop receiving the control information. If the decoding is unsuccessful, the second communication node can decode the control information when receiving the control information with the number of repetitions M3, and so on. The second communication node can decode the control information when receiving the control information with a maximum number of repetitions of M R When receiving control information, the control information is decoded.

[0058] Method 2

[0059] In this method, when L is greater than 1, the control information may have L fixed information lengths (e.g., C1, C2, ..., C L The control information has R configurable repetition times (e.g., M1, M2, ..., M R ). The combination of the information length and the number of repetitions of the control information {C x ,M y} can be used as a candidate decoding configuration, where C x ∈{C1,C2,...,C L}, and M y ∈{M1,M2,...,M R}. The number of candidate decoding configurations and {C x , M y The value of} may be predefined or may be indicated to the second communication node via indication information.

[0060] The second communication node may receive the control information and may decode the control information upon receiving the control information having the candidate decoding configuration. y and control information length C x When the second communication node receives control information with a repetition number M1 and a control information length C1, the second communication node can decode the control information. If the decoding is successful, the second communication node can stop receiving the control information. If the decoding is unsuccessful, the second communication node can decode the control information when receiving control information with a repetition number M2 and a control information length C1. If the decoding is successful, the second communication node can stop receiving the control information. If the decoding is unsuccessful, the second communication node can decode the control information after receiving the control information with a repetition number M1 and a control information length C2, and so on, until at most all candidate decoding configurations have been tried.

[0061] In some embodiments, the second communication node may determine the length of the data sequence and the number of repetitions of the data sequence based on the control information. The control information may include an indication of the number of repetitions of the control information. When the second communication node correctly decodes the control information, the second communication node may determine the number of repetitions for the control information based on the indication of the number of repetitions of the control information. Thus, the second communication node may determine the end time of the last transmission of the control information and the start time of the first transmission of the data sequence.

[0062] The control information may include an indication of the number of data symbols of the data sequence. When the second communication node correctly decodes the control information, the second communication node may determine the number of digital symbols of the data sequence based on the indication of the number of data symbols of the data sequence. The control information may include an indication of the number of repetitions of the data sequence. The data sequence and the control information may use the same number of repetitions. When the second communication node correctly decodes the control information, the node may determine the number of repetitions used to transmit the data sequence. In addition, the second communication node may determine the end time of the last transmission of the data sequence. The second communication node may determine the number of data symbols and the number of repetitions of the data sequence, and may decode the data sequence.

[0063] Implementation Example 3

[0064] The first communication node may determine the number of repetitions M of the control information and the number of repetitions N of the data sequence. M and N may be greater than or equal to 1. The first communication node may send control information for M repetitions and a data sequence for N repetitions according to the frame structure. The number of repetitions M of the control information and the number of repetitions N of the data sequence may be equal (e.g., M=N). The first communication node may configure the same number of repetitions for the control information and the data sequence. Figure 5 As shown, the frame structure in the time domain may include, in sequence: a leading sequence, control information of the first transmission, a tail sequence, control information of the second to the Mth transmissions, and data sequences of the first to the Nth transmissions.

[0065] Sending control information for M repeated transmissions and a data sequence for N repeated transmissions according to a frame structure may include: sequentially sending a leading sequence, control information in a first transmission, a tail sequence, control information for the 2nd to Mth transmissions, and a data sequence for the 1st to Nth transmissions. The first communication node may send control information that may be repeatedly transmitted M times according to the frame structure. When M is equal to 1, the M repeated transmissions may be a single transmission. In this case, the first communication node may send control information once. There may be no control information from the second transmission to the Mth transmission. When M is greater than 1, the M repeated transmissions may be multiple transmissions. In this case, the first communication node may send control information M times.

[0066] The first communication node may repeatedly transmit the data sequence N times according to the frame structure. When N is equal to 1, the N repeated transmissions may be a single transmission. In this case, the first communication node may transmit the data sequence once. When N is greater than 1, the N repeated transmissions may be multiple transmissions. In this case, the first communication node may transmit the data sequence N times. The control information may include at least one of the following indications: an indication of the number of repetitions of the control information, an indication of the number of repetitions of the data sequence, or an indication of the number of data symbols of the data sequence.

[0067] In some embodiments, the second communication node may determine the start time of the control information. The preamble sequence may be used for synchronization of data sequence transmission. When the second communication node detects the preamble sequence, the start time of the control information may be determined. The preamble sequence may be a signal having S fixed formats. S may be greater than or equal to 1.

[0068] In some embodiments, the tail sequence can be used to determine the control information length. The control information length can be the number of bits of the control information. The second communication node can determine the control information length according to the tail sequence. Specifically, the second communication node can determine the control information length by detecting the tail sequence. For the control information that is repeatedly transmitted M times, when the second communication node detects the tail sequence, the second communication node can determine the end time of the first transmission of the control information, and can determine the control message length.

[0069] In addition, the control information may include K optional information lengths. Each information length may be used as a candidate information length. The second communication node may receive the control information and, if the control information of the information length is received, detect the tail sequence. If the tail sequence of a candidate information length is detected, the second communication node may determine that the first transmission of the control information may end, and may also determine that the candidate information length may be the control information length (i.e., the number of bits contained in the control information).

[0070] The control information received by the second communication node may have K possible information lengths (e.g., K candidate information lengths). The K candidate information lengths may be sorted in ascending order. The second communication node may receive the control information and may detect a tail sequence after the control information of the first candidate information length. If a tail sequence is detected, the second communication node may determine the information length of the control information as the first candidate information length. If no tail sequence is detected, the second communication node may detect a tail sequence after the control information of the second candidate information length. If a tail sequence is detected, the information length of the control information may be determined as the second candidate information length. If no tail sequence is detected, the second communication node may detect a tail sequence after the control information of the third candidate information length, and so on. Tail sequence detection may be performed at most after the control information of the Kth candidate information length.

[0071] In some embodiments, the second communication node may decode the control information. The second communication node may decode the control information based on the information length after determining the information length of the control information. The configurable number of repetitions for the control information may include M1, M2, ..., and M R The number of repetitions for control information transmission can be M1, M2, ..., or M R One of M1, M2, ..., or M R The number of repetitions that can be used as a candidate. The second communication node can receive the control information, and can decode the control information when receiving the control information of the candidate number of repetitions. The second communication node can decode the control information when receiving the control information M1 times. If the decoding is successful, the second communication node can stop receiving the control information. If the decoding is unsuccessful, the second communication node can decode the control information when receiving the control information M2 times. If the decoding is successful, the second communication node can stop receiving the control information. If the decoding is unsuccessful, the second communication node can decode the control information when receiving the control information M3 times, and so on. The second communication node can decode the control information when receiving at most M times. R When receiving the control information, the control information is decoded.

[0072] In some embodiments, the second communication node may determine the length and number of repetitions of the data sequence based on the control information. The control information may include an indication of the number of repetitions of the control information. When the second communication node correctly decodes the control information, the second communication node may determine the number of repetitions for transmitting the control information based on the indication of the number of repetitions of the control information. The second communication node may determine the end time of the last transmission of the control information and the start time of the first transmission of the data sequence.

[0073] The control information may include an indication of the number of data symbols of the data sequence. When the second communication node correctly decodes the control information, the second communication node may determine the number of digital symbols of the data sequence based on the indication of the number of data symbols of the data sequence. The control information may include an indication of the number of repetitions of the data sequence. The data sequence and the control information may use the same number of repetitions. When the second communication node correctly decodes the control information, the number of repetitions used for the data sequence transmission may be determined. In addition, the second communication node may determine the end time of the last transmission of the data sequence. The second communication node may determine the number of data symbols and the number of repetitions of the data sequence, and may decode the data sequence.

[0074] Implementation Example 4

[0075] The second communication node may receive the first information from the first communication node. The second communication node may determine the length of the second information based on the first information. The second information length may indicate the number of data symbols included in the second information. The second information may be a data sequence sent by the second communication node. The second information length may be a data sequence length. The second information may be a response to the first information. Specifically, the second communication node may receive the first information and may send response information to the first information. The response information may be the second information.

[0076] The data sequence length can be determined based on the first information, including the following three optional methods.

[0077] Method 1: There may be H types of first information. Each type of first information may correspond to the length of the second information. The corresponding second information length may be determined by the second communication node according to the type of the first information.

[0078] Method 2: The first information may have H types. Each first information type may correspond to a second information length set. The second information length set may include J second information lengths. J may be greater than or equal to 1. There may be two or more types of first information, which have different second information length sets. Therefore, the corresponding second information length set may be determined based on the first information type. The first information may include second information length indication information. In the second information length set corresponding to the first information, the second information length may be determined by the second communication node based on the second information length indication information.

[0079] Method 3: The first information may include second information length indication information. The second information length may be determined by the second communication node according to the second information length indication information.

[0080] In some embodiments, the second communication node may determine the number of repetitions N of the second information. The second communication node may determine the number of repetitions N of the second information, including the following two optional methods.

[0081] Method 1: The second communication node may determine the number of repetitions N of the second information according to the number of repetitions of the received first information. For example, the second communication node may determine that the number of repetitions N of the second information may be greater than or equal to the number of repetitions of the received first information, so as to ensure that the second information can be correctly received and improve transmission reliability.

[0082] Method 2: The first information may include an indication of the number of repetitions of the second information. The second communication node may determine the number of repetitions of the second information according to the indication of the number of repetitions of the second information.

[0083] In some embodiments, the second communication node may send the second information in N repeated transmissions in sequence according to the frame structure. The first communication node may send the second information repeatedly transmitted N times according to the frame structure. When N is equal to 1, the N repeated transmissions may be a single transmission. In this case, the first communication node may send the second information once. When N is greater than 1, the N repeated transmissions may be multiple transmissions. In this case, the first communication node may send the second information N times.

[0084] like Figure 6 As shown, the frame structure in the time domain may include, in sequence: a preamble sequence, and second information for the 1st to Nth transmissions. The data sequence may be the second information. The second information transmitted N times repeatedly according to the frame structure may include: continuously and sequentially sending the preamble sequence and the second information for the 1st to Nth transmissions. For a data sequence that is repeatedly transmitted N times, a preamble sequence may be added before the first transmitted data sequence. The data sequences for the 2nd to Nth transmissions may be sent continuously. A preamble sequence cannot be added between each transmission.

[0085] The preamble sequence may be used for synchronization. The first communication node may receive the second information. In the case of detecting the preamble sequence, the first communication node may determine the start time of the second information and may receive the second information synchronously. For the second information that is repeatedly transmitted N times, when the second communication node detects the preamble sequence, the second communication node may determine the start time of the first transmission of the second information and may receive the second information in the N transmissions synchronously. The preamble sequence may be a signal in an S format. S may be greater than or equal to 1.

[0086] Optionally, the frame structure may include: appending a tail sequence after the Nth transmitted data sequence, such as Figure 7As shown. A complete frame structure in the time domain may include, in sequence: a leading sequence, second information transmitted from the 1st to the Nth time, and a tail sequence. The second information may be a data sequence. The tail sequence may be a signal in a fixed format. The first communication node may determine the end time of the last transmission of the second information according to the tail sequence. The first communication node may determine the number of repetitions of the second information according to the tail sequence.

[0087] The set of the number of repetitions of the second information may be {N1, N2, ..., N R When receiving the second information, the first communication node may detect the tail sequence when receiving the second information of the candidate repetition number. If the tail sequence of a candidate repetition number is detected, the second communication node may determine that the last transmission of the second information may end, and may determine that the candidate repetition number may be the repetition number used by the second information.

[0088] Implementation Example 5

[0089] The frame structure signal configuration may be indicated by a leading sequence in the frame structure signal. The frame structure signal configuration may include at least one of the following: whether to use repeated transmission, data sequence length, a subset of the data sequence length, a subset of the number of repetitions of the data sequence, a control information length, or a subset of the number of repetitions of the control information. The leading sequence in the leading sequence set may indicate the frame structure signal configuration. The leading sequence set may include K leading sequences. Each leading sequence may be a signal in a fixed format. K may be greater than or equal to 1. Each leading sequence may correspond to one of the frame structure signal configurations. There may be a situation where multiple leading sequences may correspond to the same frame structure signal configuration. The frame structure signal configurations corresponding to different leading sequences may be different or the same.

[0090] In the case where the data sequence length is indicated by a preamble sequence, each preamble sequence may correspond to a data sequence length. When determining the data sequence length of the frame structure signal, a preamble sequence corresponding to the data sequence length may be selected as the preamble sequence in the frame structure signal. The second communication node may determine the data sequence length based on the preamble sequence.

[0091] In the case where a subset of data sequence lengths is indicated by a leading sequence, each leading sequence may correspond to a subset of a data sequence length. The subset of the data sequence length may belong to a set of data sequence lengths. The first communication node may determine the subset of the data sequence lengths where the data sequence lengths are located when determining the data sequence length of the frame structure signal. The first communication node may select the leading sequence corresponding to the subset of the data sequence length as the leading sequence of the frame structure signal. Therefore, the first communication node may use the leading sequence to indicate the subset of the data sequence length to the second communication node. Based on the subset of the data sequence length, the second communication node may determine the data sequence length.

[0092] In the case where a subset of the number of repetitions of a data sequence is indicated by a leading sequence, each leading sequence may correspond to a subset of the number of repetitions. The subset of the number of repetitions may belong to a set of the number of repetitions of a data sequence. The first communication node may determine the subset of the number of repetitions to which the number of repetitions belongs when determining the number of repetitions of a data sequence of a frame structure signal, and may select a leading sequence corresponding to the subset of the number of repetitions as the leading sequence of the frame structure signal. Therefore, the first communication node may use the leading sequence to indicate the subset of the number of repetitions of the data sequence to the second communication node. Based on the repeated subset of the data sequence, the second communication node may determine the number of repetitions of the data sequence.

[0093] In the case where the control information length is indicated by a preamble sequence, each preamble sequence may correspond to a control information length. When determining the control information length of the frame structure signal, a preamble sequence corresponding to the control information length may be selected as the preamble sequence in the frame structure signal. Therefore, the first communication node may use the preamble sequence to indicate the control information length to the second communication node.

[0094] In the case where a subset of the number of repetitions of the control information is indicated by a leading sequence, each leading sequence may correspond to a subset of the number of repetitions. The subset of the number of repetitions may belong to a set of the number of repetitions of the control information. The first communication node may determine the subset of the number of repetitions to which the number of repetitions belongs when determining the number of repetitions of the control information in the frame structure signal. The first communication node may select a leading sequence corresponding to the subset of the number of repetitions as the leading sequence of the frame structure signal. Therefore, the first communication node may use the leading sequence to indicate the subset of the number of repetitions of the control information to the second communication node. Based on the subset of the number of repetitions of the control information, the second communication node may determine the number of repetitions of the control information.

[0095] In the case where the preamble sequence indicates whether to use repeated transmission, the set of preamble sequences can be divided into two subsets. The first preamble sequence subset can correspond to the control information or data sequence using repeated transmission. The second preamble sequence subset can correspond to the control information or data sequence using non-repeated transmission. When repeated transmission is used for control information or data sequence, the preamble sequence in the first preamble sequence subset can be selected as the preamble sequence of the frame structure signal. When non-repeated transmission is used for control information or data sequence, the second preamble sequence subset can be selected as the preamble sequence of the frame structure signal. Therefore, the preamble sequence can be used to indicate to the second communication node whether to use control information or repeated transmission of the data sequence.

[0096] Implementation Example 6

[0097] The frame structure signal may include a frame header symbol. The frame header symbol may indicate a frame structure signal configuration. The frame structure signal configuration may include at least one configuration: whether to use repeated transmission, a data sequence length or a subset of a data sequence length, a subset of the number of repetitions of a data sequence, a control information length or a subset of the number of repetitions of the control information.

[0098] A data sequence with N repetitions may be sent based on a frame structure. The frame structure may include at least one of the following structures.

[0099] Structure 1

[0100] like Figure 8 As shown, the frame structure in the time domain may include, in sequence: a leading sequence, a frame header symbol, a data sequence for the first transmission, a tail sequence, and a data sequence from the second transmission to the Nth transmission. When N is equal to 1, the N repeated transmissions may be a single transmission. In this case, the first communication node may send a data sequence once. There may be no data sequence from the second transmission to the Nth transmission. When N is greater than 1, the N repeated transmissions may be multiple transmissions. In this case, the first communication node may send a data sequence N times.

[0101] In the frame structure signal, the preamble sequence can be used for synchronization of data sequence transmission. When the preamble sequence is detected, the receiving end can determine the start time of the frame structure signal. In the frame structure signal, the frame header symbol can be used to indicate whether the data sequence is repeated transmission or non-repeated transmission, or the frame header symbol can be used to indicate a subset of the data sequence length, or the frame header symbol can be used to indicate the number of repetitions of the data sequence.

[0102] In the frame structure signal, the tail sequence can be used to determine the data sequence length of the data sequence. The data sequence length can be the number of data symbols included in the data sequence. When the tail sequence is detected, the receiver can determine the end time of the first transmission of the data sequence and can determine the length of the data sequence.

[0103] Structure 2

[0104] like Fig. 9 As shown, the frame structure in the time domain may include, in sequence: a preamble sequence, a frame header symbol, and a data sequence repeated N times. The preamble sequence may be used for synchronization of data sequence transmission. When the preamble sequence is detected, the receiving end may determine the start time of the frame structure signal. The frame header symbol may be used to indicate whether the data sequence is repeated transmission or non-repeated transmission, or to indicate the length of the data sequence, or to indicate the number of repetitions of the data sequence.

[0105] In the frame structure signal, the tail sequence may be used to determine the transmission duration of the data sequence or the data sequence length. The data sequence length may be the number of data symbols included in the data sequence.

[0106] When N is equal to 1, the N repeated transmissions may be a single transmission. In this case, the first communication node may send the data sequence once. When N is greater than 1, the N repeated transmissions may be multiple transmissions. In this case, the first communication node may send the data sequence N times.

[0107] Structure Three

[0108] like Fig.10 As shown, the frame structure in the time domain may include, in sequence: a preamble sequence, a frame header symbol, control information with M repetitions, and a data sequence with N repetitions. The preamble sequence may be used for synchronization of data sequence transmission. When the preamble sequence is detected, the receiving end may determine the start time of the frame structure signal. The frame header symbol may be used to indicate whether the control information is repeated transmission or non-repetitive transmission, or to indicate the length of the control information, or to indicate the number of repetitions of the control information.

[0109] When M is equal to 1, the M-times repeated transmission may be a single transmission. In this case, the first communication node may send control information once. When M is greater than 1, the M-times repeated transmission may be multiple transmissions. In this case, the first communication node may send control information M times. When N is equal to 1, the N-times repeated transmission may be a single transmission. In this case, the first communication node may send a data sequence once. When N is greater than 1, the N-times repeated transmission is multiple transmissions. In this case, the first communication node may send a data sequence N times.

[0110] Structure 4

[0111] The frame structure in the time domain may include: a leading sequence, a frame header symbol, a data sequence repeated N times, and a tail sequence, such as Fig.11 As shown. The preamble sequence can be used for synchronization of data sequence transmission. When the preamble sequence is detected, the receiving end can determine the start time of the frame structure signal. The frame header symbol can be used to indicate whether the data sequence is repeated transmission or non-repeated transmission, or to indicate the length of the data sequence.

[0112] The tail sequence can be used to determine the number of repetitions of the data sequence. When the tail sequence is detected, the receiving end can determine the end time of the Nth transmission of the data sequence and the number of repetitions N of the data sequence.

[0113] When N is equal to 1, the N repeated transmissions may be a single transmission. In this case, the first communication node sends the data sequence once. When N is greater than 1, the N repeated transmissions are multiple transmissions. In this case, the first communication node may send the data sequence N times.

[0114] Fig.12 A flowchart of a method 1200 for a frame structure for communication in a passive / semi-passive Internet of Things (IoT) is shown. The method 1200 may be used in conjunction with the present invention. Figure 1-2 In some embodiments, the method 1200 may be performed by a wireless communication device. Depending on the embodiment, additional, fewer, or different operations may be performed in the method 1200. At least one aspect of the operation is directed to a system, method, apparatus, or computer-readable medium.

[0115] The first wireless communication device may determine the number of repetitive transmissions of the data (N). The first wireless communication device may send the data to the second wireless communication device using a frame structure. The frame structure may include a preamble sequence and N repetitive data.

[0116] In some embodiments, the frame structure may include a preamble sequence, a first repetition of N repetitions, a tail sequence, and the remaining repetitions of the N repetitions, and the frame structure may be arranged in the above order in the time domain. In some embodiments, the frame structure may include a preamble sequence, control information for (M) repetitions, and data for N repetitions, and the frame structure may be arranged in the above order in the time domain. In some embodiments, the frame structure may include a preamble sequence, control information for the first repetition of (M) repetitions, a tail sequence, control information for the remaining repetitions of the M repetitions, and data for N repetitions, and the frame structure may be arranged in the above order in the time domain.

[0117] In some embodiments, the frame structure may include a preamble sequence and N repeated data, and the frame structure may be arranged in the above order in the time domain. Before sending data using the frame structure, the first wireless communication device may receive a first message from the second wireless communication device. The first wireless communication device may determine the length of the data sequence of each repeated transmission in the N repeated transmissions based on the message. The step of determining the length of each repeated transmission in the N repeated transmissions may also include the following steps. Each type of the first message may correspond to a data sequence length. The first wireless communication device may determine the length of the data sequence of each repeated transmission in the N repeated transmissions based on the type of the received first message.

[0118] In some embodiments, each type of the first message corresponds to a set of data sequence lengths, J≥1. The first message may include length indication information indicating a data sequence length in the set of data sequence lengths. In some embodiments, the tail sequence may be arranged after N repeated transmissions in the time domain.

[0119] In some embodiments, the preamble sequence may be configured to indicate an arrangement of the frame structure. The arrangement of the frame structure may include at least one of the following: whether to perform repeated transmission, a data sequence length, a subset of a data sequence length, a subset of the number of repeated transmissions of data, a length of a control signal, or a subset of the number of repeated transmissions of a control signal.

[0120] In some embodiments, the frame structure may also include one or more frame header symbols, which are configured to indicate the arrangement of the frame structure. The frame structure may include a preamble sequence, one or more frame header symbols, data of the first repetition in N repetitions, a tail sequence, and data of the remaining repetitions of N repetitions, and the frame structure may be arranged in the above order in the time domain. The frame structure may include a preamble sequence, one or more frame header symbols, and data repeated N times, and the frame structure may be arranged in the above order in the time domain. The frame structure may include a preamble sequence, one or more frame header symbols, control information repeated for the number of times (M) and data repeated N times, and the frame structure may be arranged in the above order in the time domain. The frame structure may include a preamble sequence, one or more frame header symbols, data repeated N times, and a tail sequence, and the frame structure may be arranged in the above order in the time domain.

[0121] In some embodiments, the second wireless communication device may receive data from the first wireless communication device using the frame structure. The frame structure may include a preamble sequence and (N) repeated data.

[0122] Although various embodiments of the present solution have been described above, it should be understood that they are presented by way of example only and not by way of limitation. Similarly, various figures may depict example architectures or configurations, which are provided to allow those of ordinary skill in the art to use and understand the example features and functions of the present solution. However, these persons should understand that the present solution is not limited to the example architectures or configurations shown, but can be implemented using various alternative architectures and configurations. In addition, as those of ordinary skill in the art should understand, one or more features of an embodiment can be combined with one or more features of another embodiment described herein. Therefore, the breadth and scope of the present disclosure should not be limited by any of the illustrative embodiments described above.

[0123] It should also be understood that any reference to an element using names such as "first," "second," etc., herein generally does not limit the number or order of these elements. Instead, these names may be used herein as a convenient means of distinguishing two or more elements or instances of an element. Thus, referring to a first element and a second element does not mean that only two elements can be used, or that the first element must precede the second element in some way.

[0124] In addition, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that any of a variety of different technologies and techniques may be used to represent information and signals. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, and symbols may be represented by voltage, current, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, optical fields or particles, or any combination thereof.

[0125] It will also be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that any of the various illustrative logic blocks, modules, processors, devices, circuits, methods, and functions described in conjunction with the aspects disclosed herein can be implemented by electronic hardware (e.g., digital implementation, analog implementation, or a combination of the two), firmware, various forms of programs or design codes containing instructions (which, for convenience, can be referred to herein as "software" or "software modules"), or any combination of these technologies. In order to clearly illustrate this interchangeability of hardware, firmware, and software, various illustrative components, blocks, modules, circuits, and steps have been generally described above with respect to their functions. Whether such functions are implemented as hardware, firmware, or software, or a combination of these technologies, depends on the specific application and the design constraints imposed on the entire system. Those skilled in the art can implement the described functions in various ways for each specific application, but such implementation decisions will not result in deviations from the scope of this disclosure.

[0126] In addition, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the various illustrative logic blocks, modules, devices, components, and circuits described herein can be implemented in or performed by an integrated circuit (IC), which includes a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic device, or any combination thereof. The logic blocks, modules, and circuits can also include antennas and / or transceivers to communicate with various components within a network or within a device. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor, but in an alternative, the processor can be any conventional processor, controller, or state machine. The processor can also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, for example, a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors combined with a DSP core, or any other suitable configuration that performs the functions described herein.

[0127] If implemented in software, the function can be stored as one or more instructions or codes on a computer-readable medium. Therefore, the steps of the method or algorithm disclosed herein can be implemented as software stored on a computer-readable medium. Computer-readable media include computer storage media and communication media, and communication media include any media that enables a computer program or code to be transferred from one place to another. The storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer. By way of example and not limitation, such computer-readable media can include RAM, ROM, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disk storage, disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and can be accessed by a computer.

[0128] In this application, the term "module" as used herein refers to software, firmware, hardware, and any combination of these elements for performing the relevant functions described herein. In addition, for the purpose of ease of discussion, various modules are described as discrete modules; however, it is obvious to a person of ordinary skill in the art that two or more modules can be combined to form a single module that performs relevant functions according to an embodiment of the present solution.

[0129] In addition, in embodiments of the present solution, memory or other memory and communication components may be used. It should be understood that, for clarity, the above description has described embodiments of the present solution with reference to different functional units and processors. However, it is apparent that any appropriate functional distribution between different functional units, processing logic elements or domains may be used without detracting from the present solution. For example, functions shown as being performed by different processing logic elements or controllers may be performed by the same processing logic element or controller. Therefore, reference to a particular functional unit is only a reference to an appropriate means for providing the described functions, rather than an indication of a strict logical or physical structure or organization.

[0130] Various modifications to the embodiments described in this disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be applied to other embodiments without departing from the scope of this disclosure. Therefore, this disclosure is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be given the widest scope consistent with the novel features and principles disclosed herein, as described in the claims.

Claims

1. A wireless communication method, the method comprising: Determining, by the first wireless communication device, a number (N) of repeated transmissions of data; as well as The first wireless communication device sends data to the second wireless communication device using a frame structure; The frame structure includes a leading sequence and N repeated data.

2. The wireless communication method according to claim 1, wherein: The frame structure includes the leading sequence, the first repetition of the N repetitions, the tail sequence and the rest of the N repetitions, and the frame structure is arranged in the above order in the time domain.

3. The wireless communication method according to claim 1, wherein: The frame structure includes the preamble sequence, control information repeated M times, and data repeated N times, and the frame structure is arranged in the above order in the time domain.

4. The wireless communication method according to claim 1, wherein: The frame structure includes the leading sequence, control information for the first repetition among (M) repetitions, a tail sequence, control information for the remaining repetitions among the M repetitions, and data for the N repetitions, and the frame structure is arranged in the above order in the time domain.

5. The wireless communication method according to claim 1, wherein: The frame structure includes the preamble sequence and N repeated data, and the frame structure is arranged in the above order in the time domain.

6. The wireless communication method according to claim 5, further comprising: Before sending the data using the frame structure, receiving, by the first wireless communication device, a first message from the second wireless communication device; as well as The first wireless communication device determines, based on the message, a data sequence length of each of the N repeated transmissions.

7. The wireless communication method according to claim 6, wherein: Each type of the first message corresponds to a data sequence length; The first wireless communication device determines, according to the type of the received first message, a data sequence length of each repeated transmission in the N repeated transmissions.

8. The wireless communication method according to claim 6, wherein: Each type of the first message corresponds to a set of data sequence lengths, J≥1.

9. The wireless communication method according to claim 8, wherein: The first message includes length indication information, where the length indication information indicates a data sequence length in the set of data sequence lengths.

10. The wireless communication method according to claim 5, wherein: A tail sequence is added after N repetitions of transmission in the time domain.

11. The wireless communication method according to claim 1, wherein: The preamble sequence is configured to indicate the arrangement of the frame structure, and wherein the arrangement of the frame structure includes at least one of the following items: whether to perform the repeated transmission, the data sequence length, a subset of the data sequence length, a subset of the number of repeated transmissions of the data, the length of the control signal, or a subset of the number of repeated transmissions of the control signal.

12. The wireless communication method according to claim 1, wherein: The frame structure further includes one or more frame header symbols, and the frame header symbols are configured to indicate the arrangement of the frame structure.

13. The wireless communication method according to claim 12, wherein: The frame structure includes the leading sequence, the one or more frame header symbols, data for the first repetition of the N repetitions, the tail sequence and data for the remaining repetitions of the N repetitions, and the frame structure is arranged in the above order in the time domain.

14. The wireless communication method according to claim 12, wherein: The frame structure includes the preamble sequence, the one or more frame header symbols, and the N-times repeated data, and the frame structure is arranged in the above order in the time domain.

15. The wireless communication method according to claim 12, wherein: The frame structure includes the preamble sequence, the one or more frame header symbols, (M) times repeated control information, and the N times repeated data, and the frame structure is arranged in the above order in the time domain.

16. The wireless communication method according to claim 12, wherein: The frame structure includes the leading sequence, the one or more frame header symbols, the N-times repeated data and the tail sequence, and the frame structure is arranged in the above order in the time domain.

17. A wireless communication method, the method comprising: receiving, by the second wireless communication device, data from the first wireless communication device using the frame structure; The frame structure includes a leading sequence and (N) repeated data.

18. A wireless communication device, comprising a processor and a memory, wherein: The processor is configured to read code from the memory and implement the method according to any one of claims 1 to 17.

19. A computer process product comprising computer readable program medium code stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to implement the method according to any one of claims 1 to 17.

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